Woman's Home Journal

Media

Part of Woman's Home Journal

Title: Woman's Home Journal
Description: Official Publication of the National Federation of Women's Clubs of the Philippines
Issue Date: Volume XVII (Issue no. 22) March 31, 1947
Publisher: National Federation of Women's Clubs of the Philippines
Language: English
Subject: Women's periodicals.
Rights
Place of publication: Manila
extracted text: 0 M A N's 0 M K 30 Ctvos. P ACIFIC M E R CH AN DI SI NG C O R P O R A T I O N EXCLUSIVE DISTRIBUTORS FLASHLIGHT BATTERIES WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL (Official Organ of the National Federation of Women’s Clubs) Board of Editors Trinidad Femandez-Legarda Paz Policarpio-Mendez Geronima T. Pecson Enriqueta R. Benavides Managing Editor Minerva G. Laudico Associate Editors Paciencia Torre-Guzman Soledad H. Leynes Advertising Manager F. A. Fuentecilla VOL. XVII No. 22 MARCH 31, 1947 Contents THIS FORTNIGHT'S ISSUE On our cover this fortnight is the por trait of Mrs. Chona Recto-Ysmael. This particular close-up has registered, we think, the qualities inherent in the true Filipina: quiet, dignified, modest, soft-spoken, intelli gent, well-groonied, circumspect, religious. Her selection as one of the best dressed wo men of Manila is only a manifestation of a public’s appreciation for these qualities as embodied and represented by her. Mr. and Mrs. Johnny Ysmael (Johnny and Chona to you) count with a large circle of friends. The writers and what they aj'e up against is due for a just airing now that no less an authority than Maria Kalaw Katigbak has chosen to turn her attention to it. The scope of this subject is so vast Mrs. Katigbak believes no justice can be done to it in one article. There are more than a dozen people in Manila today who seem to have found in or chids a formula for lasting peace. These people have formed an association and they invite everyone to join. Growth of A Hobby on page 5 unfurls just like a hobby does, very pleasantly and quite by accident. The meeting place of the Orchid Society affords a most appropriate background. After one one visit there, you go home quite determin ed to grow any bit of greenery in any con tainer you can get hold of. It is not impos sible that you should find yourself planting in a tea cup or in a sugar bowl. Yes, that’s how contagious it is. The Catholic Women’s League had a con vention very recently. A complete account of the confab to which no less a figure than Ambassador Romulo was invited as guest speaker, appears on page 30. This Fortnight’s Issue ................................................... 3 Writers And Their Problems .................................... 4 Maria Kalaw Katigbak Growth of A Hobby .................................................... 5 Incense At Twilight ...................................................... 6 Oscar de Zuniga A Break For Teen Agers ............................................ 8 Future Homemakers of America ............................... 9 Vendetta ....................................................................... 10 Delfin Fresnosa Trinidad A. Alvero....................................................... 12 Aurora Zablan Is Eating Unbecoming A Woman? ............................. 13 Anonymous ’Seems To Me ............................................................... 14 Pia Mancia Why Not Ask U.S. Congress?.................................... 15 Vicente Villamin Clubwomen’s Bulletin Board ............. 16 Friends In America ..................................................... 17 Fashions ................................................................... 18-19 Home Institute......................................................... 20-25 Widows Are Dangerous............................................ 26 Fred C. Kelley American Women in Photography............................ 28 The Catholic Women’s League Convention............. 30 The Womans Home Journal” is edited and published by the Women’s Publishers, Inc., at 1055 Soler, Ramon Roces Bldg., Manila, Philippines. Telephone: 8-64-23. Entered as second class matter at the Manila Post Office on July 10, 1946. Subscription Kates: 1 year (24 issues) P6.00; 6 months (12 issues) P3.00; 2 years (48 issues) Pll.00. For foreign countries double these rates. By MARIA KALAW KATIGBAK in the search for a theme around which to revolve year's Writers’ Week, a gestion irate on writers. There is only one theme gjve substance to the theory come from the business, is much Up its possibilities (the lower all writers win agree on, 1 thought, we have always held, that each, smaller. Especially in English, the grades the greater the numand it certainly is not literary wJthin the limitations of his Even were all available readers her of students), hunts up a restrends, nor style, nor who is a sphere, necessarily must wish to reached and cultivated, it can be ponsible and if possible unsobetier writer You or I. We shall do wey hy the writers. But per- seen that the publishing business phisticated authority on the subali very likely agree, I thought, haps because the idea of an open can expand only up to a certain ject, on this point: the Filipino writer - .................. - ■ • - ' must be enabled to live on his writings. This idea is not new or origi nal. It used to be airily waived aside before in the sensitiveness of our pride, so much so that an impression was engendered re garding our ethereal qualities, we happy, happy beings subsisting on inspiration alone. Yes, I won der what his wife says, 1 used to think then, she who has to live on his inspiration. Mr. N. V. M. Gonzales also agreed that the chief problem of complete without , a presentation all writers is economic in nature. °f the publishers’ angle, be it That it is only on this common only by proxy, Mr. Gonzales asground that we can expect no signed me to take it up and ex bickering, no intrigues, no apathy, plain it to the best of my ability. a luxury they say they cannot afford. Briefly, their procedure is as follows. Textbooks are ap proved by a Textbook Board to fulfill the requirements of a master plan of education laid out broadly by the Department of Public Instruction and planned Knowing the futility and use- are wholly and entirely different. out jn detail by the Bureau of th*s lessness of griping among our- Why? Because, granting that Education. When a new course is SUK" selves, we invited certain pub- the cost of paper and equipment t0 be introduced, like, for examcame to make it concen- ijshers t0 join us at this forum and operations are the same, pie> carpentry in vocational eduthe problems of the and> jf possible, to speak to us, since, except for labor, they all cation, a smart publisher looks vnters. There is only one theme gjve substance to the theory come from the business, is much Up its possibilities (the rs win agree on, 1 ..... ***• . .. . .. - . - certainly is not nor style, nor writer You or ...... . . ..... commissions him to write forum like this is new, and also point, and no further. Actual and the manuscript, commissions anbecause of the well-known extro- potential readers are not. likely other, preferably an employee vert qualities of some of our pro- to warrant over-enthusiasm for jn the Bureau of Education, to minent writers, our invitations the business. To make it plainer make the Teacher’s Guide and were courteously refused. We yet; considering the capital in- the Student’s Aids at the end of were however given assurances volved, there certainly are easier each chapter, submits a sketch of cooperation and understand- and fancier ways of making *and specifications of the book ing, sincerely said and sincerely money. I mean to point out here when printed, meant. But to speak... and with that publishers did not get into copies, typewritten legal a panel of interrogators... well, the business mainly for the re- double space, and awaits results, only one publisher can do that, turns, because a wide survey of Sometimes there are revisions, Carlos. conditions will not guarantee sometimes there are none. It is much of that. Like the writer, only when the book has been they too have a weakness for the adopted as textbook that the printed word and for what it can printing of it actually starts, do when properly utilized. Authors are either paid out or given 5% to 15% commission. The number of copies is deter mined by the statistics on enroll ment. The author’s initiative in the preparation of the book is very secondary. In fact, book pub lishers make it part of their conBelieving however that no forum on writers’ problems is Therefore, in my opinion, the background of both writer and publisher here in the Philippines In striving to solve the economic n seems qualifications for is essentially ~............... _ . the same. No problems of the writing profes- the task are my business affilia- publisher has yet, within my sion, we may hope to finally cul- tions, by blood and marriage, on knowledge, established his busitivate unity among * <- x L us, that sides of me, except one. My ness without having in his heart submits three size --------- ------ j --------- o —, ------ - ... ,, , 7,. ... usnerts inane n. pari ui uicir vvnelusive dream of all those who PP°r father did not own property the welfare and not the exploita- tract own thg copywright of had our welfare at heart. - - The source of solution for our problems are three: first, the lishers, the publisher of books publishers; second, the govern- and the publisher of newspapers, ment; third, the aristocratic few From the start we must elimiwhose ideals and also interests nate an mention of comparison are served by the existence of with American publishers befree-thinking fair-minded sound- cause conditions for that type of principled writers. business here in the Philippines either. There are two kinds of pubtmn of the writers. the books they publish. Most I shall gloss lightly and pain- of their authors are made to lessly over the publishers of feel that they have worked only books. For them there is no under an assignment, that were hope. Most if not all of them it not for their publisher’s acuhave no printing plants of their men and brains, their work own nor plan to get any; they would never have been accepted recognize and cultivate only one as text. market; literature and writing is (Continued on page 33) Shown above are writers in the Philippines at a meeting held at the Selecta during Writers’ Week. The speaker in the picture ts Jose A. Lansang. Note the sprinkling of women in the group. PAGE 4 WOMAN'S HOME JOURNAL do fade and look its age, each passer-by. The Sagumai you assign to a nook in your living room, its purple flowers playing havoc with your color scheme. No. 3 you let alone and wish they were cattleyas. Around this time, too, you begin to acquire a beauti ful complex not unlike that of a collector of antiques and rare books. And so you attend a meeting of the Orchid Society. This is open to everyone and entails'no obligatyiowih oft a Hobby Don't Raise Orchids Unless You Are tions whatsoever. All you do is talk orchid. In justice to its founder, Mrs. Mona Lisa Steiner assisted by Dr. Quisumbing who are both starting from scratch a literature on orchids, the associa tion is the first of its kind in the Philippines. What was a pre-war dream is now a post-war reality. Enthusiasts, amateurs and prof essionals gather once in a while . to relax this way. orchidacea has been blooming in hung in peace where it belongs orciBuav ____ ,, VAlir rnrinsitv You bless the fates for a session Willing To Lavish Care On Them. orchidacea ia- weeks now it now that your creative curiosity You bless the fates for a session tm.lFbT artificial for its amazing has been whetted. You learn that with these orchid-lovers. First off, 1 Levitv onlv—artificial flowers this your first acquisition may you learn to give your orchids if 1 d look its age, whereas have blooms that last months but their true names. The Sangumai d„ae“de of lavender’ enchant- again it does bloom only once in a is now Drendobium superbum. The vnib Rut VAH nnt die. Bull Orchid is Dendrohium tauri. - blue moon. But you are not dis- Bull Orchid is Dendrobium. taurii’nto' the 'shop_ to make appointed. Now that you’ve got num. On your record book, the dries and to your surprise, yourself going with this new pre- first is described as having “three find thit this thine- of beauty occupation, you acquire other spe- sepals, three petals one developed * b inl.n n liruifnr landincr nlar-o nf inment just blooms and b’oonrs. You go inquiries you find tnat inisui _ plant cies that blooms several times a into a lip-'for landing place of in flower and all. What’s more the year to make up for the short- sects. The latter-is recorded as is sure this orchid bloom lived flowers it is in their power having fleshy leaves of sympoIiorisv is - . dial p-rowt.h.” that, is it rlovolnnc may stay as fresh for .another couple of weeks if not longer. An. not allowed yourself to other information that sounds tracted, you find that you have at astounding to your orchid-innocent least two or three of the easy-toAnd so comes the day when mind is that some orchid blooms obtain species which generally you are keenly receptive to the last two months when left alone are: (1) the Sangumai^which is idea of a new hobby which, in on the plant. your specifications, should be So you buy the plant envision^long-living variety and to produce. dial growth,” that is, it develops - • - Around this time, if you have new leaves Wlth a&e- and 11 *rows - - - be jig. in height. Your typical botanical orchid, being modest, has no com mercial use but it is intriguing. It does not grow in height and 9 loves the number 3. very popular and much admired You learn about the germinaouvu.Li uc ou yuu uuy me V11, ^or its PurPle flowers and more tion of orchids; that the seeds are fighter Ta7*sUm7°collerting, less ing°a VabuloJs'corsage'that costs for its strange fragrance. This is so minute and highly developed strenuous than going to the races, next to nothing and a mother the typical orchid and is a begin- that they — and more uplifting and meritorious plant to hang on the tree by the ners dish. (2) the bull orchid so the help of a certain fungi, hence ....... - ..... railed nonqiieo flnumr ic tha dtffinnl + ir nf Mioinncan only germinate with than communing daily to the doorsteps,” to care for until it called because each flower is the difficulty of raising orchids beauty parlor. And quite coinci- yields again another cascade of S.h:^eid..!^eJavb^1_’S ,M?C.h laborato1? and does not grow more than to germinate the seeds. That they three leaves at a time. are able to germinate in nature No. 2 you hang by the stair. is d"e no doubt to the P^sence dentally you ’ wander past the blooms for another corsage to with twisted boms. (3) the typical equipment and facilities, accord show window of a flower shop wear to another party. But here’s Stainer> are necessary and behold a lush orchid plant in where your heartaches begin as an nr>* <rr/""r tk™ fr> 4-u„.. full bloom hanging most uncere- orchid lover. moniously from a nail, its lavender Without your knowing it, you me »iaji. . - flowers pressed against the glass are now well on to your hobby.- case letting its long stem laden 0 tbe fungl> the humidity of the panes. You recall that this bit of The orchid plant does not stay with lavender bull’s heads to twit (Continued on page 32) MARCH 15, 1947 PAGE 6 Short Story INCENSE AT TWILIGHT By OSCAR DE ZUnIGA The SICK WOMAN painfully struggled to a sitting posi tion, then slowly slid backward to lean on the cardboard wall of her barong-barong. She coughed as she lifted one hand, placed it be hind her and ran her fingers on the wall with a slight push. “No,” she said to herself silently, “it won’t give in.” She bent forward, reached for the blanket at her feet, pulled it up to her waist, and tried to make herself comfort able against the wall. She leaned there—waiting, wait ing for her twelve-year-old son who was out in the streets clean ing other people’s shoes. The boy had been gone since early morning. She looked at the tiny opening in the wall at her right. He would be home in a short while, she thought. Just then she wished she could sit by the window and feel the late summer breeze against her face and hands. She heard children’s voices out side, raucous and jubilant in the enveloping twilight. Now and then the voices mingled with the sounds of wheels and motors; with horses’ hoofs beating against the stony road. “If Inciong were only alive now...," she mused, looking at the little bit of red sky now grey ing into dusk. “If Inciong were only alive...” Her thoughts were interrupted by the sound of a shoe-shine box drop on the ground near the door of the house. “That must be my son now...” After a while, the boy came up. The woman shifted her gaze from the window to her son. “You are a little late today, Son,” she said. The boy took his mother’s hand and brought it to his lips. Then he dipped his hand into his pocket and took out a fifty-centavo piece, handing it to his mother. “Not much luck today, Mother. I don’t know why.” “It is Holy Thursday, Son,” the woman said. “What did you- say, Mother'?” The boy. had to strain his ears to hear what his mother was saying. For her voice was faint and it was so noisy outside. “I said, it is Holy Thursday,” the woman repeated, “that’s why there are few people downtown; and besides, most of the offices are closed today.” The boy went down to wash at the make-shift batalan — another cardboard enclosure improvised from army ration boxes. The flooring consisted of pieces of cement-pavement taken from the city’s bombed areas. When he had washed and gone back to the house, his mother gave him back the fifty-centavo piece. “Go, buy a loaf of bread for supper. We have still a can of sardines and I think that will suf fice.” “Yes, Mother.” “Don’t be long now,” she admon ished as her son went down the stairs. “It will be night very soon.” When the boy was gone, thoughts of her husband came back to the woman: If only In ciong were alive now... If only In ciong were alive... It wouldn’t be like this if In ciong were alive. She wouldn’t be lying in a barong-barong. At this time she would be out market ing, buying for their yearly Pabasa, a custom they always observed yearly on Good Friday. She wouldn’t be wearing shabby clothes, either. She might even have a house o fher own; and her son wouldn’t be out in the streets cleaning other people’s shoes. He would be in school instead, like her neighbors’ children. And to night, the eve of their Pabasa, they would have delicious suman with chocolate or coffee to go with it. They might even have new linens on their table, with Inciong sitting in his favorite chair, crack ing wholesome jokes. “If Inciong were only alive now...,” she sighed as if in a solemn prayer. The bakery was several blocks away. The boy, in his oversized, patched undershirt, walked on feeling cold in the approaching night. He looked through the windows of the houses and saw make-shift altars for the Pabasa. He also heard voices in different keys rehearshing the Pasyon. On the sidewalks, he saw children playing near the lamp post. The children were playing patintero. He stood for a while and watched them play. He kept, toying with the fifty-centavo piece in his hand, tossing it now and then in the air. Suddenly he failed to catch the coin as it fell. The coin rolled on the street, and sank through the slit of a manhole. He tried to retrieve it, but the slits of the iron grille were too narrow for his hands. He tried lifting the iron lid off the manhole, but he couldn’t move it. The boy cried, looking down in to the manhole. He could see a PAGE 6 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL mass of thick, black mire through the slits. After a while he sat on his haunches and tried to slip his hand through one of the slits once more. He pushed through harder... harder. But his hand could only go as far as the base of his fingers. When he pulled his hand out, it was reddish, painful. He cried for it was already dark. He stood up and looked around. The playing children were gone. He looked at the people passing by as if to implore their help. He cried, looking at the people. He thought of his mother waiting for him. He had been gone for nearly an hour. He did not want to go home and leave the coin in the gutter; besides, he wanted to buy the loaf of bread for their supper. He sat down crying and wanting, not knowing what to do, just staring through the slits of the manhole and feeling cold. Then he raised his head and saw a man standing before him. The old man frightened him. He im mediately stood up, ready to fly away. But the old man placed his hand on his head. “Don’t be afraid, Son,” the old man said, “why are you crying?” He did not answer. He looked at the old man’s face. The face was lean and haggard, and his eyes, intent and a little moist. Both backs of the old man’s hands bore scars in the center. He could swear that he had seen the same face before somewhere, but just now he could not place him. “Don’t be afraid, Son,” the old man said, “what are you crying about?” The voice was faint and seemed to come from a distance. “The coin,” the boy reluctant ly said between sobs, “it fell there,” pointing at the mrnhole at his feet. “I am going to buy bread... for mother and me... for our supper... now I can’t buy the loaf of bread... anymore...” “Oh,” the old man said, stroking the boy’s head. He bent down and the light from the street lamp illumined his head and his bent back. How can he get the coin, the boy wondered, looking at the old man. His hands are very much big ger than mine. His eyes followed the long ascetic hand and his vision appeared blurred. But he could swear that the old man’s scarred hand somehow melted into the narrow slits, and before he knew what happened, the silver half peso coin was twinkling in the old man’s hand. “Now you can stop crying. You may go home now. You and your mother will have bread.” The old man kept stroking the boy’s head. “Not bread only. There will be CAUTION IS URGED ON STREPTOMYCIN USE NEW YORK —Dr. Edgard Mayer, who is preparing a prog ram on tuberculosis control for China and India, and Dr. N. J. Corper last week issued a state ment on the sale of the “miracle” drug streptomycin. They said its efficacy in the treatment of most types of tuber culosis was questionable. They cautioned against recent publicity regarding the results of strepto mycin in the treatment of tuber culosis as "premature, misleading and harmful to public welfare.” Dr. Rene J. Dubos, prominent micro-biologist, speaking at the New York academy of medicine recently partly supported their warning against raising “false Keeping Up With Medicine hopes” in the drug as a cure for tuberculosis. He emphasized that it had not caused "undue improve ment” in “common varieties of chronic pulmonary tuberculosis.” Besides the great expense invol ved he said, “We object to raising false hopes. The great danger lies, however, in the tendency to lull the patient and doctor into a sense of false security not war ranted by observations so far.” Dr. Dubos, a member of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research and the discoverer of the drug gramicidin, said that although streptomycin was one of the least toxic agents, it was “not entirely innocuous.” Repeated in jections of doses exceeding two to three grams daily might cause nerve injuries, with consequent some food, too; and there will be people in your house to help you and your mother. Go home now. Your mother is waiting for you. Take back this coin with you. You will need it.” The boy took the money from the old man’s hand, but a sudden fear gripped him. He could not tell why. Then he rubbed his eyes with the back of his hand. He looked up once more at the face of the old man, thanked him, then turn ed hastily away. When he had walked a few paces, he looked back but the old man was gone. He let his eyes wander around trying to single out the old man from the people who were walking on the sidewalk. There seemed to be no trace of him. He walked a little faster, feeling a little strange, wonder ing who the old man was. He could now see his house from the distance. It was bright with lights. He also noticed the heads of the people moving about the house. There*Nvere many of them. He quickened his pace. He hur ried, half running, half walking. “Can that be our house?” he asked himself. | BELL’S DRY CLEANING | EXPERT IN DRESSES & TERNOS I ★ | FREE COLLECTION & DELIVERY I 540 P. PAREDES Corner QUEZON BLVD, .......... iiiiiimi min impairment of hearing and other functions, he said. The drug is much less effective in killing the tubercule bacillus than in arrest ing the multiplication of the or ganism, he reported. Tubercule bacilli often are “trained” to beecome resistant to streptomycin, he said. Consequent ly the tuberculosis patient often exhibits a relapse of the infection “caused by a drug-resistant form” that is no longer responsive to streptomycin therapy. Discussing the uses of penicillin and gramicidin, he remarked that “for a long time to come, it ap pears, penicillin will remain the glamour girl among the anti-in fectious agents of microbial ori gin.” Then he smelled the faint scent of burning tapers. He stopped abruptly. The brilliant lights and the fragrance of incense that came from the house was intolerably sweeping. Time seemed to stop and he stood still. After a long, long while, he remembered the old man. The remembrance made him feel very cold that he x had to stare blankly at the yet starless sky. Then, bowing his head, he started to walk slowly towards their barong-barong as if mesmerized. L'llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll^ MARCH 15, 1947 PAGE 7 Eleonora HausOr, 21-year-old daughter of well-known ballet dancer Kathe Hauser, as she looked shortly after Vienna was liberated by the Russians. A Break For Teen Agers Eleonora Hauser To Open De butante School That Girls May Grow Up ’ Gracefully And Painlessly. IF you have a ‘teen age daughter or niece whose posture or com plexion is a problem, here is good news to you and her—Kathe Hauser’s daughter, Eleonora, who has just returned from Vienna where she studied in the famous Fina Hradetzky’s School of Beauty, will open a Debutante School as soon as her equipment arrives from abroad. This school will be the first of its kind in the Philippines and will aim towards correcting all those faults that have* made the ‘teen age known also as the “awkward age” and have been responsible for many heartaches on the part of growing girls. In other words, Miss Hauser hopes to minimize if not wholly banish, the “pains” of growing up from girlhood into womanhood, through a course of study designed to transform an ugly, awkward duck ling of a girl into a graceful, lovely swan of a woman. The course will include not only the proper selection and application of cosmetics but also scientific skin care, physical exercises or calisthenics and dancing to cor rect faulty posture, improve skin texture, promote blood circulation, tone up muscles, and s'enderize the figure, and the study of diet in its relation to beauty. Miss Hauser is strongly In favor of developing a girl’s indi viduality by bringing out her latent qualities; correcting de fects instead of covering or ca mouflaging them; naturalhess and simplicity. The gra<e and beauty that she hopes the girls will acquire through her course will not be superficial but will be based on good health, which in turn will depend on correct diet and exercise. Her ten years of privation in Nazi occupied Vienna has shown her that no beauty is possible without good health. Rouge, lipstick and other aids to beauty are of no avail if one’s complexion is bad due to ill health or bad eating. The debutante school idea was suggested to Kathe Hauser, wellknown ballet teacher, by the fact that so many girlss»were enrolled in her school not so much with the idea of becoming professional dancers as with the hope of ac quiring grace and poise through dancing. Very few girls know what to do about their short comings and so they suffer from self-consciousness while they are growing up. Why not a course to meet the .special needs of ‘teen agers? When her daughter Eleo nora arrived from Vienna plans for this school were perfected, and as we said earlier in this article, Miss Hauser is just wait ing for the arrival of her equip ment from abroad. Miss Hauser is highly qualified to conduct such a course in a sci entific or profesional way. Her intensive studies at Fina Hradetzky’s School of Beauty included such subjects as the care of the skin; correct technique of facial massage; choice and use of cos metics; history of cosmetics from the time of Cleopatra to the pre sent; cosmetic chemistry—compo sition of cosmetics, and if neces sary, to be able to compound one to suit a particular type of skin; diet and its relation to beauty; manicuring, which includes the scientific care of hands; gymnas tics and its relation to beauty. It was like attending college, Miss Hauser said, for she was kept busy with classes from morning till afternoon every day, except Sunday, for almost a year. Miss Hauser’s sympathetic un derstanding of the problems and desires of ypung girls spring from her own abnormal girlhood which was spent in Nazi-occupied Vien na. At that period of life when the average girl thinks of noth ing but her own person, of clothes and friends and good times, Eleo nora had to use her wits in evad ing enforced labor, hunger and cold. She ‘had nothing of the common pleasures of girls in their ’teens, not even the comfort of her mother’s companionship. Eleonora shown with her mother and brother Max, shortly after her arrival in Manila. She is much heavier now—in fact, she thinks she should reduce. Eleonora was brought to the Philippines by her mother in 1934. Vienna was then a city to be re membered — gay and beautiful, just like one of its famous waltzes. When her mother took her and her brother, Max, to that city for a visit with their maternal grand mother in 1937, Eleonora consent ed to remain to study. Eleonora was then only eleven years old. Then in March 1937 the Nazis marched into Vienna and from that time till the Russians liber ated the city in April 1945, this young girl lived in indescribable hardship. Her entire ’teen age was spent in mental anguish and physical discomfort. There was no ooal so people lived in their kitchens which were heated up during cooking hours, that is, whenever there was something to cook, which was potatoes most of the time, Miss Hauser recalled. In winter, it was impossible to wash even one’s face for the water was frozen. People stayed in doors most of the time for they did not have enough clothing to keep themselves warm. Eleonora much preferred to stay at home, sometimes hidden for days in the attic, for the Nazis were con scripting girls for labor. Later, however, when times became more difficult and she was older, she voluntarily worked in a textile factory in order to earn some money. “Whenever I felt cold, I used to think of the Philippines and its hot climate. It seems to me I lived only for that day when I would be able to leave Vienna and join my mother and brother in Mani la,” Miss Hauser confessed. Short ly after liberation she went to a beach for a sunbath and she promptly got sunburned from too much exposure. The first thing her mother did when Manila was liberated was to get in touch with her and to take steps for her return to the Philip pines. Leaving Vienna proved to be most difficult. “Although there is acute food shortage in that city, the Russians do not seem to want to allow anybody to leave,” Miss Hauser said. Thanks to the food packages from an aunt in the United States that reached her and her grandmother,■ they had more to eat than many less fortunate Viennese. The pic ture of hers which accompanies this write-up shows her with pinched cheeks. This was taken at the time when she was study ing at Fina Hradetzky’s school shortly after liberation.. Now she has regained her health, in fact, she thinks that she looks too wellfed, and so she has joined one of the calisthenics classes in her mo ther’s studio in order to stream line her figure. The destruction in Manila is nothing compared to that in Vien na, Miss Hauser says. She is very, (Continued on page 27) PAGE 8 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL Philippines, Please Copy FUTURE HOMEMAKERS of AMERICA High School Boys And Girls Form Clubs To Study Home And Community Living SOME 200,000 young Americans are learning how to meet the problems they will encounter when they establish their own homes. They are doing this through the Future Homemakers of America, a national organiza tion sponsored by the United States Office of Education and American Home Economics Asso ciation. The Future Homemakers of America draws its membership from boys and girls studying home economics in rural and city high schools. The organization’s purpose is to promote better home and community living, foster de velopment of creative leadership and democracy in family and community life, provide wholesome individual and group recreation, promote international good will and further interest in home eco nomics. It emphasizes that team work is the essence of democracy and that the combined strength of individuals acting as a group— in the family, in a club, in a com munity—totals up to a tremen dous force. FOUNDED ON NATIONAL SCALE The Future Homemakers of America grew out of the idea that high school clubs interested in better homemaking could accom plish more by uniting on a na tional scale. In March, 1944, home economic education workers and pupil representatives of home making groups met in Chicago, Illinois, and made recommenda tions for developing a national high school homemaking club. The plan called for grouping the states in 12 regions, each region having chartered state associa. tions made up of local chapters in junior and senior high schools offering courses in home econo mics. Each chapter was to be self-governing and a national board would consist of 12 stu dents, one from each of the 12 re gions. ganization was accepted. In June, 1945, the national board met to complete the organization. On compilation of the recommenda tions from the sub-regional groups, the new organization was called “The Future Homemakers of America” and the motto adopt ed was “Toward New Horizons.” In the center of the club emblem is a house supported by two hands, one feminine and one masculine, which symbolizes that the future homes of America are in the hands of its youth. At the annual June convention a national program of work is developed from suggestions com piled by the 12 regional repres entatives. The theme for the 194647 program is “Building today for tomorrow.” Local chapters adapt ing the national program to suit their local needs plan activities having to do with various aspects of health such as nutrition, safety and posture; personal appearance and grooming; recreation, such as. mother-daughter banquets, dances, summer camps; improved home, school and community sur roundings; national and inter younger children and started nur series to take care of children while the parents attended meet ings. The Mandan, North Dakota, Future Homemakers worked with Future Farmers in canning toma toes grown by the boys and girls were processed in a community canning center in Bismarck, £ht miles away. In North Carolina the Future Homemakers worked with the State Roadside Development and Beautification Council and plant ed trees, shrubs, flowers and grass, cleaned up cluttered va cant lots, and landscaped school grounds. The health project of some Fu ture Homemakers in a small southern town so impressed the school authorities they asked the club’s help in planning a school health program. The girls con sulted parents and physicians to determine what a schoolwide health project should be and how it should be organized. As a re sult, a health program including physical examinations, immuniza tion and corrective wprk was out lined and accepted. The Home Economics Club of Bay County High School, Panama City, Florida, has a membership of 372 students who are organized into six chapters of Future Home makers. All work together on major activities, which include a sanitation program for the girlss’ restrooms, keeping the cookie jar filled at the U. S. O. center, and sponsoring food, clothing and salvage drives. At a fun night which featured a mock wedding, tickets for admission were canned (Continued on page 21) national fellowship. • Degrees of achievement in the Future Homemakers of America emphasize the growth of the in. dividual through participation in better home, chapter, and com munity living. As the students complete their projects, they ad vance from Junior Homemaker to Chapter Homemaker, to State Homemaker and finally American Homemaker. ACTIVITIES ALL STUDENTDIRECTED The Future Homemakers of America is student-directed and student-organized, including elec tion of officers, conduct of meet ings, choice and planning of acti vities and goals. Through discus sions, polls, forums and indivi dual study the members decide on their activities and methods to use to achieve their goal. Sometime* their activities carry them out of their immediate club into working with other school and community groups. In Oklahoma, the Future Homemakers, in co operation with the ParentTeachers Association, worked out a school lunch program for the In November, 1944, the first 6tate membership in the new orThis photograph shows a group of Future Home makers of America working industriously during sewing class. (USIS) MARCH 15, 1947 PAGE 9 Short Story VEN DET By DELFIN FRESNOSA PEOPLE said there was some thing rather strange about their friendship. Carmen was easily, one of the most beautiful girls in the school, and being of a vivacious disposition, she could have had many other friends. But she seldom ever went around with any other girl except Dolores. They were the most intimate of friends; it was as if they were even more than sisters. And Do lores was a hunchback girl, with a peaked rather peculiar-looking face and a bitter, querulous atti tude towards people in general. It was said that on Carmen’s part it was just mere vanity when she befriended the lonely hunchback girl. And as for Dolores, she followed the other around with a dog-like sort of devotion. At the time Carmen was about seventeen years old and Dolores was two years older. They were both Juniors in the provincial high school. Carmen lived in a classy boarding house because her folks were rather wealthy. Do lores stayed with some relatives and she cooked her own meal sometimes. Her parents could hardly afford to send her to school, but they thought that per haps she would not be good at anything else, so it would be to her advantage if she finished schooling and come to teach after wards. She was a dilligent girl and there was no doubt she would realize her ambition. They did not belong to the same section. But all the time they could spare they spent together. In company with Carmen, the hunchback girl, hitherto lonely and extremely introverted, seemed to blossom out. She laughed and chattered like a small excitable child. Carmen enjoyed herself also at such times. For more than a half year nothing came to mar their friendship. It was true they sometimes had little spats, but they were always, followed by a reconciliation, and their friendship even grew more warm. It was an exclusive friend ship and it seemed they did not have much time left for other peo ple. And even if sometimes they saw scornful looks directed at them, or overheard something slightingly said about their com radeship, they did not mind very much. Then one day Dolores confided to her friend that she had fallen in love. She said it difficultly as if she wouldn’t want any one to know about it, even her closest friend, but she thought perhaps she’d go crazy if she kept the sec ret alone to herself, and thus she hoped her soul would be eased somewhat. There appeared a twinkle of amusement in Carmen’s eyes. Of course during their long months of comradeship they had talked about love plenty of times. Carmen had been frank with her friend about her numerous love af fairs. And as for Dolores, she said that it would just be too ridiculous, and it was one of their stock jokes. She tried to make light of it. But her heart was tremulous. No doubt she must have had a hell of a time thinking about her love and realizing that it could possibly gnaw her very life away. And then Carmen asked her with whom she had fallen in love with, and Dolores blushed violently and said, Luis. I’ve been in love with him for a long time now. C^men tried to repress the laughter that welled up in her breast. For Luis was one of the most popular young men in the school. He was a star athlete, and besides, he had brains. No Iftubt there were many girls who had fallen secretly in Carmen saw the hunchback stand ing at the side of her bed. Her clothes were torn and seemed to be dripping wet. love with him for he was rather a handsome and romantic sort of fellow. There really was some thing incongruous and at the same time pitiful in the love of the hunchback for him Then Carmen could no longer contain herself and she burst out into loud peals of laughter. And then before she could recover herself, she saw that Dolores had left. She called to her friend once or twice, but the PAGE 10 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL hunchback girl did not even deign curious to know. to look back. She just noted geance. And thus a plan of action drowned. the fact in her memory, very began to take shape in her brain. She petted it and let it grow very ARMEN came to know of the niUfb a*;f she/onstantly ho"ed V accident and for a time she and tested the sharpness of a dag- became d ejected. Then she 6nemy t01d her husband, and he to0 felt some sorrow at her passing. But then they remembered their days in school, and their momentary —---- 2_.i was swept away and they laughed together, looking at one another. Presently they forgot all about the hunchback. The war was drawing to its hectic close and there were many things to do and to think about. And then one night Carmen woke up in terrible fright. She ,.. . . at the side of her bed. Her clothes ■ a v.v*. OHC W« IIIVC <1 UUH1U _ , once they have primed to go off any moment it were 10171 and seemed 1:0 dnP•• • • - as ix)ucbed Ping wet. Her hair was loose and —------ - Then one day on her way home clung lin!ply 10 her sku11 and lay schoolgirl. But from the town the boat in which sl?nds aoross her "^shaped much as a chemist would add an other drop of poison into an al ready virulent brew. Carmen came from the same to death. She did not see them again, but w from time to time she heard of jn scbooj how they were faring. Pervertedly depressk>n she often thought and delighted in picturing to herself how Carmen would react when the blow should There was no reconciliation that followed. Carmen was somewhat baffled at first, then she felt hurt. A little later she could dismiss the memory of their friendship with a town as Dolores, but they did not shrug of her shoulders. She was see one another for many years, young and vivacious and she did After her marriage, Carmen went not suffer from want of friends, to live with her husband’s folks Sometimes though she wondered in another part of the province, what was happening to her former Later on they went to Manila, friend because she did not see But after the death of their son, much of Dolores any more. she came home. She was badly fall. Maybe Carmen herself would Dolores was like a tender shoot shaken up by the death of her be tortured. For the hunchback that had been violently trodden child and she thought that per- planned to go to the Japanese upon. Outwardly she shut up like haps her sorrow would be eased authorities and denounce Luis as a clam, but inside of her, she felt somewhat if she came home for a a guerrilla. But because of her as if there was something shrievel- bit of rest. But even when she timidity and her fear of the Japs ling her up. She could never hope lived in the town, the two former themselves she could hardly sum- - to bring her bitterness into the friends never saw one another. mon the nerve to go even near the hunchback standing There are women who grow even garrison. But she was like a bomb more attractive c _ . given birth to a child or two. Car- was touched, men was more beautiful as a *7 woman than as after the death of her son she she was riding met with an acIt was on account of her seemed to wilt a little. She was cident and among the many vic school weighed down with sorrow. open, and thus it festered more rapidly. All the joy of schooling was dying in her and thus she did not mind whether she attended classes or not. Sometime later she had to quit school. Z. __ _________ 1_ „ .... ___ „ ... father’s death. She left school weighed down with sorrow. And tims was the hunchback. She was without any regret. It can even be because she grew averse to going said that she clutched at the op- out of the house, her skin became portunity with a certain avidity, somewhat tinged with an unFor she saw to her further morti- healthy pallor. She grew morose fication that Carmen and Luis had and taciturn. Even the lure of taken to going along together, things familiar since her childhood Maybe they talked about her. did not serve to draw her out of Sometimes she heard them laugh- her apathy. And thus even before ing together and she thought that she was six months in her homethey were laughing about her. She town, she longed to get away never let herself be seen, but like again. an evil spirit, she watched the But she was not able to get back two of them, as they walked and to Manila because just then the chattered and laughed. And at war broke out. And in the months such times she could say to her- immediately following, she did not self, My God, I’ll kill her. I’ll get any news about her husband, torture her first and then I’ll kill Very much later on Luis was able her. But she could not even show to rejoin her. He said that he herself. And the bitterness of her had had a very tough time Coming hatred grew and grew until it through. seemed she herself would be choked .......................................... to death by it. DOLORES went to live in the country. Her father had not t^y. And that is how they came left her much and . she had to see Dolores again after so many work to earn her livelihood. She years because they passed by the thus put up a sari-sari store. Ex- village where she mas living. They to the town, she lived the life of anyway " they did *no7 have time shoulders. Then the hunchback said, I can kill you now; and she (Continued on page 32) BRITISH ROYAL FAMILY AT PARTY ? They did not stay in the town for long because it was soon garrissoned by a large number of Jap anese. They evacuated to the councept then for her infrequent trips could hardly reCognize her, a recluse. In her solitude, she was to sparC( and so they couid only like an island, barren, unyielding catch a brief sight of her> They and unfriendly. Even though she pr0Ceeded to their destination, no was not yet middle-aged, yet doubt hardly deigning to give the somehow she looked prematurely brief meeting with the hunchback old, shrivelled and grotesquely irl a second thought, austere. It is doubtful whether the news But to Dolores the sight of the of Carmen’s marriage to Luis couple was like a further mockery, caused the hunchback girl to be And for the next several days she even a bit surprised at all. It could hardly eat or sleep. The seemed to her a fated thing. And bitterness which long had festered also if it evoked any feeling in in her heart now seemed to want her, she did not show it. After to erupt violently. And together all nobody in the country knew with the bitterness, the rage which anything about what had happened for a long time had been muffled to her and Carmen ^pd no one was cried now for immediate venBRiTAIN'S KING GEORGE and Queen Elizabeth are shown at a garden parly given for them at the Government House, Capetown, South Africa. Behind the King are Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret Rose. The Queen is wearing an ostrich-trimmed gown. At the left is GovernorGeneral C. Brand Van Zyl, host to the Royal Family. (.International) MARCH IS. 1947 PAGE 11 It was back in 1929, so Mrs. Martinez told me, that Trinidad Alvero first came into the Y.W.C.A. circle. She was Tri. nidad Alampay then, a second year student in the College of Home Economics of the Univer sity of the Philippines and one of the many girls who attended the first Y. W. C. A. student conference ever to be held in the Philippines. “We discovered her there,” Mrs. Martinez fondly reminisced. "A tiny slip of a girl but with a spirit big and shining out in inspiration to those about her.” Trinidad Alampay Alvero as she is today is not much differfrom that student of yore, a “tiny slip of a girl” stand ing barely five feet tall and weighing a mere 90 pounds, she is inconspicuous—nay, lost in a crowd. In our office, with cabi nets and screens all around, I am careful always to look for her feet—not her head. But where in physical stature she is small, in spiritual being she matches the magnitude of a giant. I remember the first time I ever became aware of this. It was one of my first days as a Y. W. C. A. staff member. We were opening gift boxes from the United States. Lipsticks, bobby pins, powder and rouge, ribbons ^ice say “Let us give this to and laces streamed out of each Aurora. I think she is very box. Finally, I opened one and ^^n love with it. It was pulled out not lipstick nor ribbon Trinidad Alvero’s voice and she nor lace but a lovely two-piece ™ of the gray jersey jersey dress of a soothing dove- dress for me! I was amazed, then gray color. “Oh” from all around genuinely touched by this unseland then, silence. Jersey dresses fishness and show of spontaneous ’ . , , . fnr mv foolincr Wnv. were a rarity those early post liberation days. For me, it was — - - a case of love at first sight and waa easy to say no *he offer ... tk-i /irasc onrl the manv immediately my young girl’s ima- ---- — . ; , . r„ gination took wings anu cameu , . me to a party, to a dance, dress- ^e gift boxes did not dazzle me ed in a lovely jersey dress of soothing dove-gray color. Then—“That would look just with more feeling and a desire to right for Mrs. So-and-So. S * ’ 1 is leaving for the concern for my feeling. Why, she hardly knew me! Later, it r girl’s ima- of that gray dress’ and the many and carried other dresses which came 'out of again. But I looked at Trinidad Alvero She know her better. Not long after......... b States soon wards, however, she was sent as and would need just such a kind a Y. W. C. A. pensionada to the of a dress.” I pulled myself back United States and my acquaintto reality and folded the dress anceship with Trinidad Alvero again. I reminded myself, “You continued only through the letters are in social work now,” and she wrote to Miss Guthrie, Mrs. went on opening, sorting, list- Martinez, Mrs. Barcelona, the ing, and tagging gifts and more members of the Board and others gifts from the States. But which were shared with me. And nothing appealed to me anymore in each, I always found the Tri as much as the jersey dress did. nidad Alvero of the gray dress Later in the afternoon after incident. siesta, I was tidying myself up in Last December, Mrs. Alvero our powder room when I heard a came back to the Philippines. Since In Physical Stature She Is Small; In Spirit ual Being She Matches The Magnitude Of A Giant. By AURORA ZABLAN then, she and I have often been thrown into each other’s company. There is much I want to learn from her from thd point of the Y.W.C.A. whose spirit she has thoroughly imbided and there is much more I want to know about her as a per son. Thus it is that every con versation, every working hour with her is an adventure which never fails to bring new and en lightening discoveries. She is possessed of a person ality strong yet one which does not dominate. And in this lies her strength as a Y. W. C. A. leader. She makes it easy for people to Y.W.C.A. National Extension participate in discussions with her Secretary. and if one knows the Y. W. C. A. method of committee and sub committee work, it will be easy to appreciate this as a decided asset. Then, too, I have yet to see a Trinidad Alvero with flashing, angry eyes and a voice raised in defiance. Cheerfulness and viva city of a little-girl quality are hers. She loves to sing and does so in her sweet; tremulous sopra no which one can hardly believe could come out of a body so tiny and so tender. Another of her in terests and in which she also ex. cells is dramatics. If I have written up Trinidad Alvero as a young girl, it is only because she is young—at heart. Actually, she is the loving mother of two boys, the older of whom is now eleven years old, has had three years teaching experience and eleven years with the Y. W. C. A. where now she holds the position of National Extension Secretary—a job which is a happy complement not only to her fine traits and skills but also to a keen intellect which res ponds very sensitively to current events and is tempered by a deep religious fervor. I remember one of her first letters I came across. It was written just after liberation to a friend in the United States and told of the harrowing war years: “There has been hunger and thirst —not so much for things of the body—but for the spirit—for those things we call “life values.” It is gratifying and humbly touching to note that these values had suffered somehow, but not extinguished or killed and that be cause of them, we can still face this new life with clearness of purpose and strengthened faith and confidence in God’s wisdom and plan.” Here are excerpts from a letter of Mrs. Trinidad Alampay-Alvero then in the United States, dated July 7, 1946, to Miss Anne Gu thrie . “The fourth of July celebration here was - most significant. The day started with a lovely quiet service in the school chapel. In the afternoon the student body and the Faculty honored Aurea and me with a tea to celebrate the Filipino Independence. The students from Lebanon, Brazil and a Nisei American gave greetings in the name of their countries. Mrs. Labrador from Brazil asked permission to speak in her own language for, she explained, it would mean speaking from her heart. She spoke with so much feeling and sincerity that I could sense every resounding word coming from her innermost soul. Aurea gave a masterly summary of our history and the struggle for independence. You should have heard her—she was really excellent. I planned to speak on the role of women and particular ly the Y. W. C. A. in our young republic, but I was not able to say all that I wanted to; I was so emotionally shaken—I choked most of the time and was blinded by tears. Oh, Miss Guthrie—I have never felt so proud of my country and so grateful to your country and the rest of the sympathizing world as I did that day. I was consumed—my whole being was consumed with a humble sense of rededication to the task ahead. The tea, the affair, was to me a symbol of the higher motives of nations dedi cated to the task of building one family of nations—one world. I have never been as keenly aware of the hard road ahead of us as I was that afternoon.” PAGE 12 WOMAN'S HOME JOURNAL Is EATING Unbecoming a WOMAN? ANONYMOUS There Is No Better Way Of Examining The Habits Of The Polite World Than In Looking Through Old Books Of Etiquette. In Our Day Emily Post Is The Arbiter Of How To Eat And Go Calling. In 1870, The Bazar Book Of Decorum, From Which The Fol lowing Selection Is Taken, Was A Popular Guide. MANY of our over-refined dames seem to have adopted Lord Byron’s notion, that eating is unbecoming to woman. It is a marvel how some of them man age to keep body and soul toge ther with the apparent regimen of starvation to which they sub ject themselves. To see them at table, you would hardly think them capable of the solitary pea to which Beau Brummell con fessed. “Do you eat vegetables?” he was asked. “I once ate a pea,” was hii answer. Our delicate dames appear to have reduced themselves to the fabulous abs temiousness of the single blade of grass to which the old woman had gradually brought her cow. At the regular repasts of the day the would-be genteel woman never seems to be hungry. She takes her place at the table ap parently only as a matter of form, and handles her knife and fork with the same lackadaisical air of indifference as she would her painted fan at the Opera. She may possibly sip a spoonful of soup, or swallow an occasional crumb of bread, to pass the time; but of the substantials of beef and pud ding she does not take enough to “choke a daw withal.” Breakfast, dinner, and tea are no better than so many Barmecide feasts as far as she is concerned, and she might as well, for all she apparently eats, take her seat at the illusive board of Sancho Panza in Barata ria. It is hardly the genteel thing, perhaps, but we shall nevertheless venture to say to our lady friends, as Petruchio said to Katherine, “I know you have a stomach.” Granting the fact of the pos session of this important organ by women, we do not see why the genteelest of them should be ashamed of acknowledging it, and frankly doing what may be neces sary to secure it in all its inte grity. There is only one way of doing this, and that is filling' the stomach at regular periods with plenty of wholesome food. In former times the most dis tinguished and refined of women were hearty feeders, and, without any of the sneaking delicacy of modem days, made no scruples of handling a vigorous knife and fork before the whole world. Queen Elizabeth and her maids breakfasted on great rounds of beef, washed down with full tank ards of strong beer. “My lord and lady,” records an observer of the habits of the Earl of Northum berland and his countess, “have for breakfast at seven o’clock a quart of beer, as much wine, two pieces of salt fish, six red herr ings, four white ones, and a djsh of sprats.” The Duchess of Or leans, the mother of the famous regent, while in the full enjoy ment of the luxury of Versailles, in the time of Louis XIV, wrote: “A good dish of sour-kraut and smoked sausages is, in my opi nion, worthy of a king, and there is nothing preferable to it; a soup made of cabbage and bacon is more to my taste than all the de licate kickshaws they make so much of here.” It is not astonish ing that there were strong women in those days, such as the stout wife of a Duke Ernest of Austria, who could crack the hardest nut with her fingers, and drive a tenpenny nail home with her fist. And the Duchess of Orleans was wont to follow the hounds from morning until night, had been in at the death of more than a thou sand stags, and had many a serious fall. “But,” she says, “of the twenty-six falls from my horse that I have had, I have been seriously injured but once.” Such Greer Garson, exponent of feminity on the screen, is here shown eating a full meal in a Hollywood restaurant. was the toughness engendered by sour-kraut, smoked sausage, and cabbage-soup! There is very little doubt that much of the debility and disease so common among the women of •our day is due to this genteel squeamishness in regard to sub stantial food. It is not that they absolutely starve themselves to death, for many of the most ab stemious at the open dinner are the most voracious at the secret luncheon. Thus that fastidious dame, whose gorge rises before company at the sight of a single pea, will on the sly swallow cream tarts by the dozen, and caramels and chocolate-drops by the pound’s weight. Women should know that health is not possible with a daily glut of bon-bons and pastry, but that physiology teaches, and expe rience confirms, the necessity of a various and substantial diet, such as is supplied at the three regular meals of a well-ordered household. Let our dames get over their false shame of a vigorous use of the social knife and fork, and learn that in rejecting public ly beef and pudding, and devour ing confectionery privately, they are in reality gross, and not dainty feeders. • * * MARCH 15, 1947 PAGE 13 Seems to Me By PIA MANCIA sixth sense, what the household somehow too, in a kind of magineeds—this, in spite of the heavy cian’s way, she is able to crowd case she is handling in court, the during the few hours that she difficult operation she is to per- spends at home whatever spiritual form the next day, or the moun- guidance, comfort and support her tainous stack of students’ themes family needs from her. As a matshe has to correct. To these acti- ter of fact, the best mothers we vities, which familiarity with have are not necessarily the ex them has made seem natural clusively-at-home mothers. It enough, we may even add now the seems that the outside activities architect’s job which the intrepid of our women are making them Filipino woman is now sharing more conscious of their home and with the men. the engineer’s job, wifelv obligations, making them ’Seems to me that the accusa tion that the women of today are getting less and less womanly be cause of the “unwomanly” activi ties they have taken up was aptly refuted in the last volume of the 0. Henry Memorial Prize Award Stories. There were more women than men writers, incidentally, in the volume, and all of them ma nifested the usual feminine pre occupations. The editor called at tention to this fact as a healthy sign that at heart women are still women. As far as Filipino women are concerned, it seems to me that there is no danger—yet—of their being . “defeminized. ” Look, for instance, at our so-called career women. Do you think that they neglect the home? Absolutely not. The curtains that grace the the criminologist’s, the chemist’s, consequently better mothers and windows are still the little But the home does not fall to wives. woman’s choice. Friend Hubby pieces—far from it. The wife, on Listen, for instance, to Mrs. Sostill gets his favorite dish at sup- her way to the office, or on her fia de Veyra, Vice-Director of the per and his buttons are in their way home from the office, man- Centro Escolar de Senoritas, talk places, the seats of the children’s ages to get for it its material about the cake she baked for her pants carefully darned. needs—linen for the bed and the husband, or how she worries and The Filipino woman has a high table, vitamins for the children, fusses over a sick son; one re conception of her home duties, cough drops for the husband, a members the late Josefa Llanes that’s the reason. Somehow, in stray gift or two for a passing Escoda, war heroine, and her an almost uncanny, eerie way, birthday, anything and everything, sweet womanliness, Mrs. Pilar she is able to divine as a sort of from pins to elephants. And Lim and her constant preoccupaAbove is shown Ambassador Carlos P. Romulo addressing the more than five hundred women from Ma. nila and provinces at the opening of the fifteenth annual convention of the Catholic Women’s League held ast. March 15 and 16. Behind him may be seen Father Alejandro Olalia, J C D , Mrs. Salud Unson, Miss Manuela Gay, Mrs. Mercedes R de Joy a and Miss Rosario Ocampo. The convention was held primarily to secure public support in the drive for funds for the reconstruction of the CWL social hall on Florida street in Manila. (Courtesy, Manila Times.) tion about one or the other of the children. No, the Filipino woman may be doctor, professor, lawyer, pharmacist,—yes, even engineer,— but she is always first and fore most woman—that means mother, wife, homekeeper. The sphere of influence of the Filipino woman would enlarge itself greatly, ’seems to me, if we are to heed the advice of Senator Proceso Sebastian, head of the Philippine delegation to the last UNESCO conference. He feels that the woman, in general, will have a great role to play in world peace, and would like to see our own women take their part too. Speaking of Dr. Encarnacion Alzona’s able showing in the con ference, he said: “1 have never been so proud in my life as when, sneaking out of the General Com mittee Room, I entered the Con ference Room of the Social Sciences and saw Dr. Alzona, in full Filipina dress, preside with dignity and with skill the sessions of the Sub-Commission on Social Sciences.” Then continuing with his opinion on what he hoped would eventually happen towards the expansion of the Oriental wo man’s activities in the world out side the home, he said: “To all the vzomen of the Orient, I have three short mes sages: “First, I would like to see all the women in this part of the globe, and particularly the Women’s International League, to give their full and unqualified support to the UNESCO, indi vidually and collectively. Help us to stir the men and enlist their wills in the cause of peace and justice. “Second, I recommend that the Women’s International League and other women organizations in this country make an effort to send representatives to all international congress to which you may be in vited, like the Inter-Asian Rela tions Conference at Delhi. “Aside from the benefits that the country and your organization may derive from such interna tional congress or conferences, the contact with other women of dif ferent countries not only will give our delegates a wider and more comprehensive outlook of interna tional affairs, but will also foster better understanding among peo ples. “Third, another UNESCO Dele gation will have to be sent on November to represent the Re public at the UNESCO Confer ence which shall take place in Mexico. I have recommended that (Continued on page 32) ■AGE 14 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL The Philippines came under the American flag during a Republic an administraton. Republicans have always been proud of the fact. Today they are back in control in Congress. Their na tural tendency would be to prove that they are still the real friends of the Filipinos. Hence it would be a good tactical move to submit suggestions to them on how they could be of help at this time. It WHY NOT ASK CONGRESS TO ADVANCE ENTIRE WAR DAMAGE AMOUNT FOR PHILIPPINE REHABILITATION? would be passing up a fine op portunity to*get a better deal for the country to ignore the present psychological situation in Wash ington. By VICENTE VILLAMIN Here is one of my suggestions. It is that Congress authorize the advance in full to the Philippines of the amount of war damages not covered by the appropriation in the Rehabilitation Act, so the country’s rebuilding could be more complete and satisfying. Let it be crystal clear that under the Act the advance, like the appro priation, would be repaid to the United States out of Japanese re paration assets, which already are more than adequate, and so in the end Uncle Sam would not be out of The American government has decided to rebuua the Philippines from ruins of war with a big ap propriation, but it may take many years before the whole payment could be made. Iji the mean, time, the country would continue to suffer in poverty. pocket by even a dollar. The reasoning for the sugges tion is this: the American govern, ment has decided to rebuild the Philippines from the ruins of war. It authorized, an appropriation of $520,000,000 for the purpose, but it is not enough to liquidate the entire damages, which may reach the total of $1,500,000,000. So it provides that the unliquidated part of the damages will be paid out of reparation assets from Japan, and it is now known that those assets are very considerable. But it may take many years before the whole payment could be made. In the meantime the Philippines would continue suffering in pov erty unnecessarily. So the sugges tion is that the American Congress advance the amount of damages not covered by the appropriation, to wit, $980,000,000, or whatever amount may be found prudent and reasonable. Filipinos and Ameri cans would be the beneficiaries, but this plan would permit the liberal ization of war damage payments to foreigners as an integral ele ment in the rehabilitation pro gram. The provisions of the Rehabili tation Act pertinent to the present suggestion are as follows: Under sub-section (b) of section 106, payments to the Philippines will be made out of “money or bullion” received by the United States from Japan as reparations. Before any payment is made, the $520,000,000 appropriated undei’ the Act must first be secured and paid to the United States Trea sury. This provision makes that amount really an advance also. Sub-section (c) provides that payments will be made, not only from the money and bullion assets, but out of “any other property” received from Japan as reparations or restitution. This renders all re paration assests available for pay ment of damages to the Philip pines. And under sub-section (d), any claimant “not covered by this Act” has the right “to recover damages from the Japanese gov ernment or the Japanese people, by way of reparations or indem nity on account of the war, for losses not, or not fully, compen sated for” under the Act. This will enable foreigners in the Phil ippines to claim damages from Japan evidently with the interces sion of the American government. It should be re-emphasized that, by providing that the appropria tion under the Act will be repaid to the U. S. Treasury from Japan ese reparations, such appropriation is in reality in the nature of a monetary advance to the Philip pines, and the suggestion is that such advance be increased to cover the entire estimated amount of war. If this point is made clear to the American government, it is believed the suggestion might prosper. The bulk of the money that (Continued on page 27) MARCH 15, 1947 PAGE 15 Picture shows Mrs. Obdulia Perez-Valino receiv ing her silver medal award as the Outstanding Mother of Santiago, Isabela in 1946. Pinning on the medal is Mrs. M. Manikal, who was a mem ber of the executive committee of the 1946 Red Cross Drive in her home town. The most important news of the month of the NFWC is the ap pointment of Mrs. Paz PolicarpioMendez, second Vice-President, as one of the delegates of the Institute of Pacific Relations to the Inter-Asian Conference in Delhi, India. Knowing Mrs. Men dez as we do we have every rea son to hope that she will ably nidad. Board of Directors: Mrs. Maria F. Claver Mrs. Eden Mendoza Mrs. Josephine Cofulan Mrs. Emilia C. Arciso Mrs. Eumilia C. Flores Mrs. Victoria Sanchez Besao Woman’s Club President—Mrs. Dalmacia Cawi. Vice-President—Mrs. Elena Sial Treasurer—Mrs. Lila Botengan. Secretary—Mrs. C. R. Alvarez. Adviser—Mrs. Carmen Hidalgo. Kiangan Woman’s Club President—Mrs. Isabel A. Lanag. Vice-President—Mrs. Dominga D. Bulayungan. Secretary—Mrs. Lourdes S. Dulawan. Treasurer—Mrs. Gregoria M. Famorca. Sergeant at Arms—Mrs. Simplicia Fontanilla. Advisory Board: Mrs. Carmen Dumuan Mrs. Angeline-Pawid Mrs. Catalina de Leon Balbalan Woman’s Club President—Mrs. Basilia R. Men doza. Vice-President—Mrs. Francisca. Bongaoan. Secretary—Mrs. Edita Balicao. Treasurer—Mrs. Pacita Cabannag. Adviser—Mrs. Leonor B. Nerona. ♦ ♦ * A very interesting report was received from the Woman’s Club of Piat, Cagayan. The President reported that they have organized nursery classes and have taken active part in the F<*& Production Campaign—all members have ve getable gardens. The most pro mising is the truck garden of Mrs. Matias Buam of Barrio Gumaruong, Piat where 15,000 cab bages were planted half of which has been harvested and sold; 100,000 radishes; 12,000 native onions; and 4,000 tomatoes. Like most clubs the Piat Woman's Club helped in the Phil ippine Red Cross Fund Campaign of which Mrs. Alice Hawkins Bo na, president of the club is chair man. As a Christmas gift the club distributed rice to the two most indigent families in each barrio. They have started to raise funds to build and develope a park and playground for the commu nity. Being a woman is a terribly difficult trade, since it consists principally of dealing with men. —Joseph Conrad; The Golden Treasury of the World’s Wit and Wisdom. represent not only the Filipino women but also the country as a whole. We are looking forward to the reports she will bring us from the conference. * * * The San Pablo City Woman’s Club was recently organized with Mrs. Rosita Bautista Belen as president; Mrs. Carmen Ticzon Fule, vice-president; Miss Dorothy P. Hocson, secretary; and Mrs. Cruz Gorostiza Laurel, treasurer. Through the cooperation of the Bontoc Sub-Chapter of the Phil ippine Red Cross the following list of Women’s Clubs together with their officers were secured: Bontoc Woman’s Club President (Honorary) — Mrs. Luisa T. Diaz. President—Mrs. Maria F. Tait. Vice-President—Mrs. Marcela T. Cawed. Treasurer—Mrs. Emilia M. Va llejo. Secretary—Mrs. Justina B. TriThe picture above was taken after the distribution of flannel cloth among the nursery children of the Bautista Woman’s Club. Also in the picture are the officers and members of the board of directors of the club, parents of the children, and volunteer teachers of the nursery school. PAGE 16 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL Sometime ago, Mrs. Henares received a letter from the UNO Department of Public Information informing her that the National Federation of Women’s Clubs has been invited to send an official observer who will be allowed to sit in all the sessions of the UNO. Mrs. Henares appointed Mrs. An gela B. Ramos, wife of charge d’ affairs Narciso Ramos at the Philippine Embassy in Washing, ton, D. C. Mrs. Ramos was form erly a member of the Board of Directors of the National Federa tion of Women’s Clubs. Miss Elvi ra Llanes was appointed as an alternate. However, Mr. Orrick, Chief, Section for Voluntary Or ganizations, UNO, suggested that since Mrs. Ramos is mostly in Washington, one permanent pass be made out in the name of Miss Llanes in New York, who will probably be attending more meet ings. This does not, however, pre vent the _ UNO from providing Mrs. Ramos with every facility when she is in New York. The pass is not transferable and is not a ticket. Tickets for individual meetings must be secured each day on the morning of the meet ing. It appears that this arrange ment was agrdeable to both Mrs. Ramos and Miss Llanes. On this matter Mrs. Henares received a letter from Miss Lla nes which we are copying here with. She wrote from Room 6231, Empire State Building, New York 1, N. Y. PLEASE accept my since apo logy for not being able to answer your letter of December SNAPSHOT ALBUM By Catherine Haydon, Jacobs Here you are picking flowers; Here, sitting in a tree; Here, gathering shells upon the beach For roe. Each of these moments lives; No camera assures Whether more deeply in my heart Or yours. 9n ttmtiiica 12, 1946 immediately because of the pressure of work in school and in my new job. As soon as I received your let ter, however, I called up Mr. Orrick informing him about your appointing Mrs. Angela Ramos as the representative of the NFWC to observe in the meetings of the UNO and me as an alter nate. He said that there was no accreditation of alternates and as the enclosed letter will show he wrote to Mrs. Ramos about mak ing the permanent pass in my name as I am in New York but every facility would be available to her when she comes to New York and wish to attend some of the meetings. On February 7, I received the pass from Mr. Orrick. I wish to thank you for this privelege to represent the NFWC and there is nothing that pleases me more than to be your eyes and ears in the UNO and report to you the discussions of vital interest to women especially to the women in the Philippines. At the present time I am working with the Philippine Delegation to the UNO and as often as I shall be granted permission to be out of the office and attend the meetings at Lake Success I will be very glad to do so for the NFWC. General Romulo is now in Manila and it will help very much if you will let him know officially the assignment you have given me. I have requested the office of Mr. Orrick to send you copies of the important journals and bul" letins of the UN. At present the General Assembly is not in session but the Social and Security Coun cil and its various commissions— Commission on Human Rights? Commission on the Status of Women, Commission on Interna tional Children’s Emergency Fund, etc. have scheduled meetings this month. Next week I will attend, one or two meetings of the Com mission on the Status of Women and will be very glad to report to you the deliberations of the Com mission. I have been receiving copies of the Women’s Home Journal and they have kept me informed of the interesting activities of the women under your leadership. Bing, Tony, and I read them over and over and enjoy them a lot. I would like to take this op portunity to thank the NFWC through you for having chosen my dear mother as one of the out standing mothers of 1946, an honor which I am greatly proud of. Bing and Tony wish me to convey to you also their deep ap preciation of what the clubs are doing to honor and keep alive the memory of their dear mother. They have received some clippings on the tree planting ceremonies last September and the recent porthunious awards to their pa rents. Last week I had a chance to visit with Mrs. Ramos and her family in their lovely home in Washington, D. C. when I went there to take pifrt in the panel on the “Role of Women in the Far East” under the auspices of the Washington Club. The women in the U. S. are keenly interested in what the Filipino Women are doing in the post-war recons truction and Mrs. Ramos is much in demand to speak before various organizations and women’s clubs. I was very glad to see Mr. and Mrs. Legarda and Carmencita again at the party given by Mr. Benitez for Ambassador Elizalde as the family was leaving for the West Coast the next day. Mrs. Legarda and Miss Evangelista had a crowded program of speak ing engagements all over the Mrs. Angela B. Ramos, wife of the charge d’affairs at the Philippine Embassy, has been appointed offi cial observer of the NFWC at the UNO. country and I saw them only a few times in New York. I attend ed the session of the International Assembly of Women at the Waldorf-Astoria last fall, how ever, where Mrs. Legarda made a wonderful speech and received a great ovation. I was mighty proud of our President! She did so much in arousing more interest in the Philippines especially in the NFWC. She is bringing good news of the generous response of the women’s clubs here to help us rebuild our organization that it may function effectively again. Please extend my best regards to all the members of the Board and to you my best wishes for continued success. I hope to see you and Mr. Henares here very soon. MARCH 15, 1947 PAGE 17 • Prize winners above are Chito Madrigal in a sheath of a strapless gown of Balinese inspiration and Norma Antonio tin a slit, Strapless, and1 definitely hippy creation. PHOTOGRAPHS BY LARA THE KAYUMANGUI STAGED ONE OF THE GAYEST BALLS OF THE SEASON RECENTLY. SCENES SHOWING THE GAIETY OF THE EVENING AS WELL AS THE OUTSTANDING GOWNS WORN ARE HERE DISPLAYED. • Above is the First Daughter of the Philippines shown awarding a prize to Mrs. Julita Abad Rufino who wears a fabulous panuelo-less terno of no mean hip interest. At right, Gertie Abad prefers frills for evening while Lulu Cuademo has her own version of the latest bell-gown. Below is an eyeful of clothes worn by women of discri minating taste. Left to right: Mrs. Lopez. Mrs. Liboro, Mrs. Cuaderno, Mrs. Rufino, Mrs. Recto, Mrs. Aquino, and Mrs. Gabaldon. • Have you ever thought of the dragon as a iwssible embel lishment for the Filipino terno? If you haven’t, Chito Madri gal s terno above is proof that it can be done with very unique results. Picture dragon scales scintillating in all hues on a background .of simple black. FASHION Sdra to a (Ball CLOSET CLEAN UP No matter where you keep your clothes—in a closet, in an aparador, in bureau drawers, or in a trunk (baul), it is necessary to clean it up once in a while if it has to keep the items it protects free from soil and dust. Dust accumulates in comers of closets or wardrobes no matter how tight the doors may be. And if this dust is not removed, it will eventually soil the clothes that will come in contact with it. Drop some polishing oil into a can of water and dip a clean dusting cloth into the water. Wring un til almost dry. Use this slightly oily cloth for wiping the dust off the shelves, walls and inside of doors of your closet or aparador or bureau drawers. Go over cor ners very carefully. It is a good practice to organize the contents of your wardrobe or bureau once in a while, better still, at regular intervals, say, once a month or two. You will be sur prised at the space you will find if the clothes are arranged in an orderly manner. You will be sur prised too at the many things you will find, tucked under the piles of clothing or inside th^ corners. Once we found a ten peso bill un der a box, and were we glad? We are reprinting a condensa tion of the following article on DDT which first appeared in LIFE magazine to bring you upto-date on this wonder bug-killer. There are many preparations con taining DDT on the market. Be sure to read the label, for there should be at least 5% of this chemical in the solution in order to be effective as an insecticide. Follow directions on the label carefully and keep the bottle or can away from children . If you are storing some clothing in a trunk (baul) of aparador, spray the clothing with a 5% so lution of DDT very thoroughly and they will be safe from cloth moths, silverfish and the like. Wrap the piles of clothing in newspapers and they Will be pro tected from dust too. DDT is very effective against bedbugs. Repeat the treatment after a month or two, for some eggs might have survived and hatched. There is a DDT solution which dries into a thin film when spray ed on walls and holds its effective ness against insects for several months. Spray your bedroom walls with this solution as an in surance against “pulgas.” HOW GOOD IS DDT? Since the insecticide DDT was first announced, the press has alternately cheered it and debunk ed it. Enthusiastic magazine art icles with such titles as "Super Delouser” and “Death to Bugs” have been followd by sober warn ings like “Insect War May Back fire” and “DDT, Handle with Care.” It is time to get to the bottom of all this. Once and for all, how good is DDT? The objections, to look at its bad side first, are three in number: it is poisonous to man; it kills good insects as well as bad; and, final ly, there are some insects—bad ones—that do not yield to it. DDT is poisonous if you eat it, but so are most insecticides. The remedy is simply not to eat them. It would be possible, too, to be affected by breathing spray or dust containing DDT, but if or dinary precautions are taken the risk is slight. In some forms DDT can be absorbed through the skin. The dry DDT powder is not one of these, and neither is any water-base spray, but the thing to watch is a household spray made up with a kerosenelike base. Even this, however, takes a long con tact over quite an area of skin to be dangerous, and this may easily be avoided by bathing. In the opinion of Dr. Paul A. Neal of the National Institute of Health, no genuine case of human DDT poisoning has occurred in the United States. On the other hand, against many insects, DDT is fantastically pois onous. A mosquito standing on as little as a trillionth of an ounce of it absorbs enough through his feet so that he falls down and dies a few hours later. Unfortun ately DDT sometimes kills more than it is intended to. Sprayed too heavily about the countryside to kill insects, it may also kill fish, frog, toads and turtles, either directly or by killing the insects on which they feed. Au dubon Societies have been alarmed lest birds be killed by, ingesting DDT-killed insects. This is pos sible, although unlikely unless un necessarily heavy doses are used. At present it seems possible, in some cases, to use a dosage of DDT heavy enough to kill mosqui to larvae in pools where they breed without damaging other forms of life. But our first hopes of drenching the whole country side with DDT to remove all in sects forever have been rudely dashed. Such treatment, even if practical, would seriously upset the balance of nature and might easily land us in a bad fix. Some bugs are, unfortunately, not much affected even when lib erally dosed with DDT. One is the cotton boll weevil, an insect which sets us back perhaps $100,000,000 every year. It is also use less against the Mexican bean bee tle. It works with some plant lice but as a rule is less effective than the common nicotine spray. It has also registered failures against the tobacco hornworm, the cabbage seedpod weevil, the toma to russet mite, the chigger, the poultry mite and sundry others. But the notorious japanese bee tle is a DDT casualty, and so are the Colorado potato beetle, the gypsy moth, whose caterpillar me naces trees in New England, and the Oriental fruit moth. Among the lesser nuisances its successes include locust borers, canker worms, elm-leaf beetles, white-pine weevils and leaf hoppers. DDT may offer for the first time a practical insecticidal treatment against the European corn borer. It is very good indeed against the codling moth, a vicious and deter mined pest of apples. All this is in addition to its really great vic tories against insects transmitting malaria, dengue, dysentery and other diseases. DDT’s first success was in pro tecting our armed forces from in. sectbome diseases which normal ly are more deadly than enemy bullets. A powder containning ten percent DDT dusted into clothing protected GIs completely against lice, and the incidence of typhus was reduced to a point where it was no longer a serious military threat. In the Pacific, malaria transmitting mosquitoes and tro pical flies were right up DDT’s alley. Sprayed from airplanes over Saipan, Peleliu, Iwo Jima and parts of the Philippines and Okinawa, DDT proved that it could easily convert a verminous hellhole of an island into a health resort. Contrary to popular be lief, however, it did not kill every single insect on the islands, and treatment had to be continued at intervals afterward. The ensuing years of peace of fer a rosy future for 'DDT. Strangely enough, cattle will be nefit from it at least as much as humans. A large proportion of the peacetime production will go into dairies where, sprayed on the walls, it will keep the premises almost entirely free of fliA. It will also be used directly on the cattle, against lice and horn flies. DDT has been shown to cut down the horn-fly population fron* 4000 per animal to two or three. As a result cows gain weight and yield more milk. Malariologists also are enjoying a glow of inner excitement. In the United States there are over four million cases of malaria a year and more than 4000 .deaths. But now any community which cares to take the trouble can great ly reduce the incidence of mala ria in centers of population by using DDT. Country districts are a different matter, for wide open PAGE 20 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL spaces are too vast for concentrat ed treatment to be practicable. In agriculture DDT will come in very handy without, however, displacing standard insecticides. Despite the large number of DDT products on the market, the home gardener must not expect perfect success in all cases, for a tremendous amount of work is yet to be done to find the best way to use it against each particular in sect pest. It will be useful on many vegetables, particularly po tatoes, and on most flowers. Al though poisonous to bees, it is act ually less so than insecticides pre viously used, so that it may well be a blessing to the beekeeper. The home will benefit from DDT even more than the garden. Not only it is wonderful against flies and mosquitoes, but a dust ing powder or water-base spray is good to use on dogs for fleas and ticks. (It is not reecomended for use on cats, which may eat some of the DDT when they lick them selves.) If you spray walls or screens or your garden furniture with a kerosene-base spray, they will be lethal to flies and mosqui toes for several months. Against house-infecting insects other than flies and mosquitoes, DDT has varying success. It is moderately effective against cock roaches but scarcely better than sodium fluoride, the standard roachbane. The manufacturers re commend it against clothes moths. They say that a thorough spraying makes a garment immune to these creatures, and the effect lasts through several launderings, though not through a dry clean ing. Against ants DDT dust may or may not work, depending on the kind of ant. Carpet beetles seem abominably resistant to DDT. But bedbugs! The Department of Agriculture has said, “DDT is the perfect answer to the bedbug pro blem.” American chemists are making modifications to the DDT molecule with names such as DD, TDE and DEDT, all of which show promise against some insect or other. All in all, the outlook for insects is poor. The outlook for human beings, with regard to DDT, is excellent. We no longer have exaggerated ideas about it and, if DDT does not resemble the atomic bomb, why, so much the better. For the consumer there is only one piece of advice, and that is, Read the label on the can. Insecticide la bels are carefully controlled by the Department of Agriculture, which will not permit any label to be misleading. The armed forces have proved that DDT is food, used fat, clothing, or waste paper. The amount received and turned over .to relief agencies was 2,015 cans of food, 105 pounds of used fat, a truckload of paper, and 1,600 garments. The 45 Future Homemakers of the Floyd, New Mexico, Conso lidated School, took as their goal world citizenship through under standing ^and tolerance. Their specific theme was "Our Next Door Neighbor, Mexico.” Three girls were responsible for each program meeting. From local SpanishAmericans they learned about Mexican food, and tried making tortillas and enchilladas. They invited guests to speak op the FUTURE HOMEMAKERS OF AMERICA (Continued from vage 9) both safe and effective. There is no reason why civilians cannot have the same benefits without danger to themselves or their com munity. customs, music, arts and crafts of Mexico. They had exhibitions of Mexican pottery, weaving and silverwork. At their annual Christmas party, the girls had the Mexican pinata instead of the traditional Christmas tree. By the end of the year they had seen how their southwestern country had been enriched by the ming ling of Mexican and American cultures. In both rural and urban com munities Future Homemakers have solved the problem of entertain ment for high school youngsters. They have worked for community recreation centers, sometimes using the home economics cottage or the scout house or even build ing a small hall. They sponsor plays, dances, sports and summer camps. They have teas and parties for mother and daughter and for father and son, so that all the family may get a broader viewpoint on family and commu nity problems. MEMBERS LEARN LEADER SHIP Through their meetings and activities they learn how to be come leaders and followers. They learn not only how to make a speech and conduct meetings ac cording to parliamentary rules, but how to lead a discussion, to stimulate group thinking, and to use each individual’s special abi lity. The “Teen Times”, the of ficial Future Homemakers of America magazine, features art icles and poetry by members and other material which helps the girls in their projects on manners, budgeting, child care, conserva tion, home decoration. In the magazine the chapters read news stories of other chapter activities as well as articles on national and international events. During the first year of its national organization the Future Homemakers of America grew from 2,487 chapters with 92,516 members in June, 1945, to 4,340 affiliated chapters with 168,259 members on Junee 1, 1946. It is a young but thriving organization helping boys and girls to learn to live better today in order that their lives and the lives of their families may be better tomorrow. Two things we ought to learn from history; one, that we are not ourselves superior to our fathers; another, that we are shamefully and monstrously inferior to them, if we do not advance beyond them. —THOS. ARNOLD, D. D. Quoted in Ruth’s Gleanings: A. Ruth Fry. (Dakers, Ltd.) I wish that I could persuade every teacher in an elementary school to be proud of his occupa tion—not conceited or pompous, but proud. People who introduce themselves with the shameful re mark that they are "just an elementary-school teacher” give me despair in my heart. Did you eveer hear a lawyer say deprecatingly that he was only a little patent attorney? Did you ever hear a physician say, “I am just a brain surgeon”? I beg of you to stop apologizing beeing a mem ber of the most important section of the most important profession in the world- The grandeur of your profession can clothe you like a splendid cloak. Pull it around you; draw up to your full height, look anybody squarely in the eye; and say, I am a teacher. —WILLIAM G. CARR MARCH 15, 1947 PAGE 21 In some households we know, Friday means fish for lunch as well as supper, although it is not Lent. They have their favorite fish dishes and the recipes for these are oftentimes heirlooms. For instance, the family we lived with one time liked to eat paksiw with a sauce made with to remove some of the strong odor of the fish. Set aside while you prepare the sauce. Saute the sliced onion in olive oil or lard. Add the tomato sauce and the sliced pimientos. Add the fish and the potatoes, cut into small cubes. The potatoes will COOKING wise they will just soak in fat and may even disintegrate. 2 cups canned salmon 1 cup thick white sauce 1/2 cup chopped canned mush rooms 2 eggs 2 tablespoons water Dry crumbs (bizcocho) FBIDUY SPECIAL -FISH Pour salmon into a colander or wire strainer in order to drain off all the liquid. Sprinkle the juice of 1 or 2 calamansi over it and mix. Season with salt and pep per. Thick White Sauce: Melt 4 table spoons butter and add 4 tablechopped tomatoes and native onions, seasoned with patis. Mon go guisado with shrimps and pork and marungay leaves always went with the fish paksiw. Chocolate was a must for dessert. The grandmother told us that she learned to eat paksiw this way from her own parents and her children got the habit from her. Many people, especially the menfolk, dislike fish. One of the reasons they give is that they be come hungry sooner when they eat fish than when they eat meat. Men do not like to take the trou ble of first having to remove the bones or spines of the fish before they can take a bite. Some dis like the peculiar smell of fish. This is the reason why the Chin ese cook fish with ginger or kinchay—to offset the fishy flavor. We have discovered that most men will eat fish if this is cooked dry, as when it is fried or broiled, or served with a tangy sauce. Choose fish that do not have too many small bones (men hate to pick them), and do not over-cook. Over-boiling fish robs it of much of its fine flavor. BACALAO a la VIZCAINA 1/2 kilo bacalao 1 small can tomato sauce 1 large onion, finely sliced 2 or 3 potatoes Olive oil 1 small can or jar of pimiento If bacalao is salted, soak in plenty of water overnight. In the morning, drain off the water and see if the fish is soft enough to be boned. If not, soak in fresh water again. Or, boil in water for about 10 minutes, then bone. Flake the fish meat and fry un til crisp in olive oil or lard, if olive oil is not available. This is done absorb some of the salt in the fish. PICKLED SHRIMPS 1 cup good strong vinegar A few black peppers 1 bay leaf 1 onion, minced 2 teaspoons fine salt 1 teaspoon sugar 1/2 kilo shrimps Mix all the ingredients except the shrimps and boil. Pour over the shrimps, boiled and shelled. Let stand overnight to ripen be fore using. If you have an ice box, this pickle will keep indefin itely in it. Use as an appetizer. Drained, the pickled shrimps are also good in a splad (lettuce, to matoes and onion or radish) or in Shrimp Vinaigrette (shrimps, onion chopped tomatoes, sweet pickle relish and bottled mayonnaise). FISH with EGG SAUCE This is a “restaurant” dish but easy to prepare. Lapu-lapu is the ideal fish for this dish, but apahap or talakitok will also do. After cleaning the fish, boil, whole, in a little water to which have been added the following: 2 teaspoons vinegar or the juice of one calamansi, a small bunch of native onions, a teaspoon of pep percorn, a small piece of ginger, salt. Boil the fish until just done, not any longer. Lift it up careful ly from the water and lay it on a serving platter. Set aside while you prepare the sauce: EGG SAUCE 1/3 cup butter 1/3 cup flour 1 tall can evaporated milk, diluted with 3/4 cup water 3/4 teaspoon salt 1 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce Dash of white pepper 2 hard cooked eggs 1/2 cup peas, if desired Heat the butter in a small saucepan, add the flour and blend thoroughly. Add the milk- and water gradually, stirring constant ly. Add the seasonings and cook over hot water until thickened. Add the eggs, chopped, and the cooked peas. Pour over the fish. If fish is small, use only 1/2 of the recipe. FISH with TOKUA This is a Chinese dish which must be eaten while it is hot. The addition of tokua increases the protein value. Cut fish slices, without bones, into squares about two inches on each side. Season with salt and roll in cornstarch. Fry in lard un til crisp. Set aside. In the same frying pan in which you have cooked the fish squares, saute one or two sliced tomatoes and a few slices of onion. Add the tokua, cut into the same sizes as the fish, and a little wa ter to make a sauce. Add the fried fish and cook, stirring fre quently, until sauce is thick. Add chopped kinchay and serve imme diately. SALMON CROQUETTES Take down that can if salmon which has been idling on your kit chen shelf for months now and turn it into a delicious dish that even your menfolk will approve. When properly done, these croquettes will be crisp outside but soft and moist inside. Be sure to have the lard hot when you fry them, otherFISH HINTS According to the Chinnese (who should know) the best parts of the fish are the head and the tail. These two ends of the fish are usually used in one dish, as in sinigang, the center slices being used in another (fried with tausi). The fine bones of bangus are easily removed if you parboil the fish until its meat shrinks. The spines will stick cut, then they can be pulled out easily. Have a bowl of water1 in front of you and dip your fingers in to the water to remove the fine bones that cling to them after they have been re moved from the fish meat. Try stuffing bangus with chopped shrimps and kinchay and bread crumbs. The new flavor will intrigue your family. For “crumbing” fish fillets or croquettes, try rolled corn flakes, for more crispy effects. When you make fish sini gang you sometimes add shrimps. Do you also add clams to bia chuam? We do—the clams make the soup whiter-looking, and it also "extends” the dish. When you broil fish, be sure to grease the parilia first or you will be sorry later when you see all the skin of the fish sticking to the grill. The skin of broil ed fish, if done to a crisp, is our favorite, more so if the fish is kitang. PAGE 22 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL This boy shares his dish oj ice cream with his dog. It is evident that even Doggie welcomes something cold in a hot summer day. How To Make Good ICE CREAM Ice cream, at least here in Ma nila, is no longer a luxury be cause it can be had at almost every street corner, and also in the streets, from ambulant ice cream vendors, any day of the week. But home-made ice cream is still a treat to most of us. The fastidious housewife serves noth ing but ice cream that she herself has made when she gives a lun spoons of flour to it, stirring un til the two ingredients are well blended and smooth. Gradually add 1 cup milk and cook over hot water or direct heat until thick. Be sure to stir the mixture all the time or lumps will form. Combine flaked salmon and white sauce. Add the mushrooms (cooked peas may be substituted if mushrooms are not available) and mix thoroughly. Set aside to cool and harden,—in the ice box, if you have one. Prepare crumbs and pour some on a plate. Beat the eggs and the water in a deep dish. Now take a tablespoon of the salmon mixture and form into a ball with another spoon. Roll in egg and cheon or a merienda to celebrate an special occasion. Just what makes a good ice cregm, and by good we mean one that is smooth and creamy. First, let us make it clear here that ice cream is based on a mixture of either cream or custard beaten or churned during freezing. Plain or Philadelphia Ice Cream is an uncooked mixture of cream, then in crumbs. Fry in hot deep lard until well-browned. Serve immediately with tomato ketchup. FISH and POTATO CHIPS Here is another “restaurant” dish that is also easy to prepare. Serve with a green salad—lettuce, tomato 2nd onion. Use fish fillets or slices with out bones. Dip each slice into well-mixed egg and 1/3 cup milk, then roll in seasoned bread crumbs. Fry in hot fat until a golden brown. Pare potatoes and cut into slices about 1/4 inch thick. Cut the slices into 1/4 inch-thick sticks. Dry between towels and fry in deep, hot fat until crisp and brown. sugar and flavoring, often with gelatine or some other binder added, but rarely with eggs. French or Neapolitan Ice Cream contains eggs and is virtually a frozen custard. All ice creams are variations of these two basic lypes. Water ices and sherbets are different. An ice is a mixture of fruit juices and sugar with various additions of spices, ground .ruits, etc. A sherbet is a water ce to which milk, beaten egg v.hite or gelatine is added to hange the texture and flavor. Here are the directions for making ice cream in a dasher acezer. If you will follow every step you will have ice cream you will be proud of: Scald the can and dasher of the freezer. Prepare ice cream nixlure for freezing; chill. As semble freezer. Crush the ice. Finely chopped ice melts faster and hastens the freezing of the cream. Measure and use 5 parts of crushed ice to 1 part of coarse salt. 3 parts of ice may be used to 1 part of salt to hasten the freezing but the ice cream will not be so smooth. Pack the ice around the empty can until the ice bucket is twothirds full, then pack alternate layers of ice and salt nearly to the top of the container. Allow to stand 5 minutes to chill thor oughly. Pour the ice cream mixture into the can, filling it not more than two-thirds full to allow for swell ing. Cover the can; adjust the top and crank. After a few turns of the dasher put in more ice and salt; pack solid, completely covering the can. A cup of cold water may be added to start the ice melting and hasten the freezing. Turn the crank slowly until it begins to turn hard; then turn it faster until cranking is too dif ficult, showing that the ice cream is frozen. Add more ice and salt in the same proportion during the freezing if necessary. Draw off the water from the bucket if there is any danger of its seeping into the ice cream. Wipe off the lid of the can and remove. Take out the dasher scraping off the ice cream with a long-handled spoon. Push the ice cream down from the sides of the can and pack firmly; put on tight packing cover or plug hole in the freezing cover. Repack in ice and salt, filling the bucket full, and let stand to ripen. Use 4 parts of ice to 1 part of salt if the ripening time is less than 2 hours; 8 parts of ice to 1 part of salt if longer. Now for the recipes: PHILADELPHIA VANILLA 4 cups light cream or undiluted evaporated milk 3/4 cup sugar 1/4 teaspoon fine salt 2 teaspoons vanilla Combine all ingredients; stir until smooth. Freeze according to directions. Yield: 6 cups. VANILLA ICE CREAM Custard Base 3/4 cup sugar 1 tablespoon flour 1/4 teaspoon fine salt 2 cups milk (Continued on page 31J There's Nothing Better for your Whooping Cough/ A Product of METRO DRUG CORPORATION 880-882 Rizal Avenue ' Formula: Cold Tribromide, 0.12 gm.; Alcohol, 2.40 c.c.; Glycerin, 30.00 c.c.; Water qs. ad., 120 c.c.; Alcohol content: 2% by volume. MARCH 15, 1947 PAGE 23 In our last issue, we reprinted an article on Toilet Training by Dr. Benjamin Spock. Here is the second part of that article, this time dealing with urine training. WAIT to start any urine training at least" until the baby’s bladder shows that it is getting the knack of holding on for a couple of hours. It really isn’t you that trains your child’s bladder. The bladder just na turally “grows up” and gets the habit, all by itself, of holding the urine for longer and longer pe riods. The most that you can do is show the baby where you want him to urinate. The worst thing you can do is to go at his train ing so hard that you get him to hate the idea of going to the bath room. A child will usually keep dry in the daytime somewhere between one and a half and three years even if you don’t do anything about it. His bladder holds on longer and longer, he gets more aware of what’s happening, gets more control over holding on and letting go, eventually wants to perform like others in the house hold. I think there’s no harm in trying to get a baby dry sooner, if readiness is taken into account. One day, perhaps when he is fifteen months old, you will bring him in from 'outdoors or pick him up from his nap, and find to your great surprise that he is dry. If you will wait until this happens, before putting him on the toilet, you will be sure of three things: (1) The bladder is grown up enough to cooperate. (2) The baby’s bladder will be full after two hours. That means you won’t have to keep him on the toilet long. (3) If you wait to put him on until he has been dry for two hours you won’t be going at his training too suddenly, because you will only find him dry every few days at first. Gradually, as the weeks pass, you will find him dry more regularly. THE WRONG WAY to go at urine training is to decide, some morning, that you are going to teach your child to stay dry, to begin abruptly sitting him on the toilet every hour of the day, and to keep him there each time until he does something. You would be taking no account of his readiness. When does a baby begin to stay dry for as long as two hours at a time ? For most babies this doesn’t happen until they are about fifteen months old, but some are slower and some are earlier than this. Once in a while you see a baby, usually a girl, whose blad der learns to hold urine for se veral hours as early as ten months. And occasionally you find a child, usually a boy, whose bladder is still emptying every twenty minutes or so when he’s nearly two years old. Boys on the average are slower than girls to get dry. Very often earliness or latenes is a trait that runs Your Baby’s Bladder through several members of the same . family. The child with a placitf disposition is more apt to be early and the restless ener getic child is more apt to be late. A child isn’t really trained yet when you are catching him dry every two hours. He’s not taking any responsibility yet; it’s just that his bladder has learned to wait and that you’ve trained yourself to catch him. Of course, he is getting the idea of voiding just as soon as he gets on the toilet. But it will be months be fore he begins to get a sense of responsbility and notifies his mo ther that he needs to go. In many babies the first sign of this is when they solemnly tell the mo ther after they have wet thejr pa rents. This may make a suspicious mother think that her baby is teasing or thwarting her. But this isn’t true. The baby is really beginning to get the feeling that he ought to be on the toilet when he urinates. The trouble is that he doesn’t get much warning and he hasn’t got much control yet. Eventually, the baby gets enough control over holding on and letting go, and sensitive enough to the feeling of fullness, so that he will pretty regularly tell his mother in time to get to the bathroom. This usually begins to come around two. But plenty of children will go on having ac cidents occasionally, especially when they’re excited, when they’re all absorbed in some fascinating occupation, or out in public. Don’t shame them for this. SOMETIMES there are “acci dents on purpose” in a child between two and four when he feels resentful. Better take these as a joke and ooncentrate on get ting along well with him. It sometimes happens that a child around two has gotten so well trained to his own potty chair or toilet seat that he can’t per form anywhere else. You can’t urge him or scold him into it; he’s learned what he ought to do too well. He will probably wet his pants eventually, for which he shouldn’t be scolded. If he gets painfully full, can’t let go, and you can’t get home, put him in a hot bath for half an hour. This will probably work. Keep this possibility in mind when you take him traveling and bring along his own seat if necessary. It’s better to get a child used from the be ginning to urinating in different places, including outdoors. Parents sometimes get worried because a boy around two can’t make the change to standing up to urinate. Don’t make an issue of this. He’ll get the idea event ually, if he has a chance to see his father and other boys. Staying dry at night is also something that the bladder grad ually grows up to doing. I say this because so many people have the idea that picking the baby up during the night is what teaches him to stay dry. It’s true that you will secure a dry bed a little earlier if you break .the long night’s rest by taking the baby to the bathroom at ten o’clock. But you’d never catch a baby dry even at ten o’clock, if his bladder weren’t making progress, all by itself, in holding on. Occasionally you find a baby who stays com pletely dry all night by the age of twelve months without the mo ther’s ever having put him on the toilet for urine, even in the day time. In other words, the bladder sometimes trains itself before anybody has had a chance to train it. Some babies hate to be awakened in the evening. They scream and struggle. There’s no point at all in picking such a baby up. You probably can’t make him urinate anyway. Even if you could, the advantage of get ting him dry a little earlier than he would get himself dry wouldn’t CHILO be \vorth the struggle. The danger of such a struggle is that it will set the child against the toilet and even delay the age by himself. Another kind of baby who is best left alone at night is the one who stays awake for an hour or two after he’s roused. AT WHAT AGE would you start picking up a baby if he’s cooperative abut it? It’s of course not a matter of age, but how his bladder function is get ting along. There usually isn’t much use before the child is being pretty responsible about keeping himself dry in the daytime. This won’t come much before the end of the second year for most babies. If you don’t find him dry at ten o’clock or so, forget about the whole thing for a couple of months. If you find him dry at ten but always wet in the morn ing, you can either go on picking him up, or you can let it go for a while. About all you’re accom plishing is keeping him dry for a certain number of hours during the night and having his bed a little less wet This may be worthwhile in the in the morning. case of a baby who gets uncover ed and catches cold easily, or who has trouble with diaper rash. But remember that you aren’t teaching your-baby anything by picking him up, as long as his bladder isn’t able to hold on. The age when you can expect babies to be able to stay dry through the night varies a great deal. A few are ready before a year and a half. Most are ready somewhere between two and three. A fair number, especially boys, PAGE 24 WOMAN'S DOME JOURNAL aren’t ready before four. Boys tend to be later than girls, high strung children later than relaxed ones. Sometimes late wetting ap pears to be distinctly a family trait. What is the cause of continued bed-wetting late in childhood1? There seem to be a number of different causes, some easy, somfe difficult to understand. Only a very few are due to physical disease; in these cases the child is unable to control his urine in the daytime too and he needs a careful medical investigation. The commonest cause seems to be tenseness or uneasiness in the child’s feelings. The tension keeps the child’s bladder small and tight so that it cannot hold much urine. You can understand this better if you realize that th/ bladder is really just a hollow muscle. You will see what I mean if you stop and think about some of the things that cause a child to start wetting again, after he has become dry. A threeyear-old who has been dry for six months may start to wet again when his family moves to a new house for the summer. Even though he seems quite happy in his new surroundings he evident ly feels homesick enough under neath so that it makes his blad der tense. Children are also apt to wet again after exciting ex periences like a big birthday party or a trip to the circus. Bed wetting may start again when a new baby arrives in the home. If different kinds of uneasiness are able to make a child start wetting again, it is easy to see why other children never get dry at night in the first place. Take the case of a child one and a half years old whose mother is too de termined to get him dry. First she picks him up at ten o’clock each night but finds he’s usually wet. So she decides to pick him up at nine and at midnight. Sometimes she catches him dry but not often enough. Next the mother and father arrange to take turns picking him up every two hours throughout the night. At first they find him dry fairly regularly, but as time goes on he gets wetter and wetter. What is happening here, anyway? The child is being made worse instead of better. Perhaps it’s because he’s becoming more tense. Or perhaps he is becoming deliber ately rebellious even in his sleep. In another case the parents may not be concentrating on bladder training, but going at the child too hard in his feeding or disci plining; and his nervousness keeps the bladder small. PSYCHIATRISTS believe that some of the cases of late bed wetting occur in those very am bitious individuals who keep themselves tense competing with other members of the family and the outside world. Perhaps the child who wets when he is homesick or all upset by the arrival of a new baby brother is not just tense but is also longing in his dreams to get back to the good old days when he was a baby himself, when his mother took care of all his bodily needs without complaint and gave him complete security. We can see, then, that late bed wetting may be caused by many factors. If your child is not be ginning to get control by four or five, it is time not to go after his training with greater vigor but to ask some questions. Have efforts to get him dry been too severe? Since they have not suc ceeded, it may be better to take the opposite road. If you stop making bedwetting an issue it will not make the child dry right away, or even for a long time, but it will lead to a calmer state of mind. In the long run, this will help him to get control of his bladder. Is the child being made tense by a feeding problem or by too much nagging? Could his rivalry with a brother or sister be eased by wiser handling? Is he being urged at home or in school to compete and to excel? Movie actress Jane Frazee holds her yawning child, Timothy Glenn Tryon, named after his movie actor papa. If you have trouble answering these questions yourself, consult with his teacher, if she is a very understanding person, or a child guidance clinic, or a children’s psychiatrist. Concentrate on making his life agreeable, calm, and satisfying—not on the bed wetting . WHAT ABOUT shaming the child? It generally works in the wrong direction. The sma child who hasn’t got much sense of shame yet is apt to be made more rebellious. The older child feels shame anyway; his parents’ shaming him only makes him more tense. What about making the child wash his own bed clothes? It would probably not be too harmful if done in a good natured way for a brief trial, but usually it does not work for the same reasons that shaming does not work. What about alarm clocks or electric apparatus that rings a bell when the bed is wet? They sometimes work with the older child who is most anxious to do anything possible to get over his bedwetting. You should remember, though, that such me thods really work by keeping the child more on guard during his sleep and add to his general ner vousness. They are, therefore, always somewhat risky and should certainly not be used on the child who is generally tense and poorly adjusted. There is less risk with the older child who gets along well at home and in the outside world. There is more Chance of success if the child is allowed to work out his program for keeping dry with an under standing doctor or other friendly adviser outside the family. What about restricting fluids in the afternoon and evening? The less fluid there is in the body at bed time, the less chance there is of wetting, whatever its cause. The older child who is anxious to co operate may be able to help him self by limiting his drinking from the middle of the afternoon on. In the younger child it may be possible, in some cases, to re duce very gradually and tact fully his milk at supper without making him mad. It’s useless to forcibly restrict the child who is demanding more to drink; you will probably make him resent ful enough so that he will wet anyway. And in most cases the mother’s efforts to withhold the fluid makes the child wild to drink more than he ever took be fore. MARCH 15, 194? PAGE 25 Aman once remarked within my hearing that “a little widow is a dangerous thing”. He was right. A widow is likely to be danger ous because of her ability to make a man do her bidding. Take, for example, in regard to matrimony. A widow is able not only to bring down the man she wants, but to dictate mar riage terms. She can usually marry whom, when, and where she pleases. If an insurance com pany should ever set out to in sure women against remaining unmarried, widows would doubt less get a much cheaper premium rate than others, because of their greater matrimonial prowess. When a man .marries a maid, it may be because he was not exposed to a widow. At any rate, it is altogether likely that some widow would have taken him if she had seen him and wanted him. Some one may suggest that, however attractive widows may be, they cannot in the long run overcome the hallowed charm sup posed to attach itself to maidenly purity. Nonsense. Widows do overcome such charm, if it exists, and do so right along. Indeed, ex cept in the lower age groups, maidenly purity is sometimes viewed as possibly associated with frigidity. A widow, on the other hand, having had an apprentice ship at adjusting herself to mas culine whims or pecularities, knows, as the saying is, her onions. Lest someone think I have got myself into a rut or am narrow and bigoted in showing such enthusiasm about widows, I have taken the precaution to fortify myself with a few facts and fig ures. I have just been reading a re cent annual report of vital statis tics for the state of Massachu setts, which gives marriage sta tistics in more detail than do most other states. These Mas sachusetts record show how many ^bachelor married maids, how tnany married widows, how many widowers married maids or wi dows, and the ages which the various widows and others had attained at the time they became implicated in nuptials. From all these facts we can draw interest ing conclusions regarding the great espousal abilities of widows. But first, as a means for test ing such abilities, let us pause to consider what is the biggest han is to a widow almost nothing. Why ? Because a widow knows what she is about. She has learn ed her art and is able to make the highest possible use of her attractions). The mere item of age cannot prevent her from hav ing her way. A widow is more capable than her maiden sisters WIDOWS ARE DANGEROUS Matrimonial Experience Makes Them Cagey, Able To 'Get Their Man'—If They Want Him—And Dictate Marriage Term. dicap a woman can overcame. What is woman’s greatest enemy ? Isn’t it age? It is, of course. Investigate the sales records of all manner of beautifying youth preserving preparations and de vices for face, hair, and figure, and also investigate the ages of customers of beauty parlors. See if a woman doesn’t battle with greater zeal and desperation against the onslaughts of age than for any other object in life. It should be conceded then, with out much argument, that'woman’s success in overcoming the- age hazard is a suitable test of ability to marry in accordance with her own desires. And widows so far excel other women in this respect that there is little chance for dispute. This handicap of age shows up in a glaring way in the marriage records* of women, considered as a whole. Most women get mar ried between the ages of 20 and 25. If they wait much beyond 25 years, their chances are almost exactly cut in half. From 30 to 35, a woman has only a little more than one-third the married prob ability that she had from 25 to 30. After 35, her chances are once more cut in two; and they are correspondingly reduced af ter 40. But when we consider widows, what do we find? Just about as many widows marry between 35 and 40 as between 25 and 30. An obstacle of from 10 to 15 years By FRED C. KELLY of handling the animal known as man, and making him come to her, for the same reason that an experienced hotel man will get more customers than a novice— because he has had experience and knows how. Somebody may insist, however, that the figures thus far are mis leading—that naturally just as any widows marry between 35 and 40, as between 25 and 30, be cause there are more widows in the higher-age group. All right, then let us apply another test. Instead of considering the wi dows themselves, we’ll inquire about the people the widows marry. Everyone knows there is a strong prejudice on the part of a man against being married to a woman older than himself. He will not do so if he can avoid it. Knowing that a woman ordinarily ages more rapidly than a man, and keeping a sharp lookout for the future, he is disposed to select a partner at least as youpg if not several years younger than him self. This is especially true if he is past, say, 35. In France, where there is much wisdom about such matters, an old rule is that at the time of marriage a wife’s age should be one-half that of her husband’s, plus seven yeara In the long run, only one thing will induce a man to marry a woman older than himself—the fact that she is otherwise so at tractive as to make him forget all about her age. Thus a woman may well measure her attractive ness by her ability to excite the romantic interest of younger men. If she can win against more youthful competition, then she may feel sure her charmsi are still intact. Now let’s see what happens, ac cording to figures available in the Massachusetts report. First of all, we shall look at the age group between 30 and 34, ages when women, whether widowed or un married may still have much lure. And let’s note how many of these maids and widows aged from 30 to 34 married bechelors in an age group 10 years younger, or bet ween 20 and 24. Out of 2,744 marriages, only 81 wamen pre viously unmarried met the test, or only about 3%! But with widows the score was 39 in only 596 mar riages, or between 6% and 7%— more than twice as successful, in ether words, as the maids. I have said that a widower is more cagey than a bachelor about making a nuptial alliance with a woman older than himself. He is indeed more cautious about let ting it appear that he is going about with his aunt. This is true for a number of reasons. To be gin with, he has more definite ideas about whether he' wants marriage at all. Having had one experience, he knows—or thinks he knows—what he wants in a wife. He is sometimes better able than a bachelor to estimate how a woman will behave before and after taking. Moreover, it seems to be the ambition of widowers more than of bachelors to find a helpmeet who will retain her phy sical charms at least as long as he does. Some day, when there has been PAGE 26 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL WHY NOT ASK CONGRESS (Continued, front page 15J A BREAK FOR TEEN AGERS (Continued front page 8) might be advanced will be spent in the United States for materials and equipment and for American technical services. In essence, therefore, it would create more work for American industry and labor and build a greater trade between the United States and ^ie Philippines. The process of rehabilitation should be staggered and not done pell-mell, but it could be so slow and so little that it might minim ize or defeat the objective. It is precisely because of this probab ility that the Philippine govern ment is seeking enormous loans which, when obtained, will encum ber its annual budget so heavily with the interest and sinking fund services that it -would inevitably lead to still higher taxes and impairment of vital government functions. However, the loans are not only for budgetary and rehabilitative purposes, but are also for a mul tiplied government enterprise and an expanded economy for the coun try. The former is the aim of the American government in the legis lation that it enacted, while the latter is the prospectus of the Philippine government. The aim and the prospectus should be brought together in a consolidated blue-print of development. In that way the maximum advantage could be achieved. a greater awakening of interest in marriage statistics by both state and national bureaus, we shall be able to prepare tables of figures that will correspond in a matrimonial way to those the in surance companies now have deal ing with average duration of life. From these anybody will be able to learn his exact ratio of chances for single or double difficulty. We shall have figures, doubtless, not only for each section of the country, but also for each occu pation. Then one might be able to forecast much more about his connubial future. ♦ * * Dr. Frank P. Graham, speaking at the Southern Conference for Human Welfare: “Let’s remember this: it takes both the white and black keys of the piano to play “The Star-Spangled Banner.”— Leonard Lyons. The foregoing discussion relates to compensation for damages to property. Death, suffering and the moral degradation inflicted by Japan upon human beings are not included in the relief. By all that is right and just, they must be considered in the assessment of the material and moral responsib ility of their deliberate author. An indemnity must be levied on Japan for those injuries. It must be both punitive and compensatory. When received, the indemnity should go primarily to those who suffered in their persons, with the government having only the resi dual benefit. This matter will come up in the Pacific peace con ference. There the final retribu tive justice will be done. Upon it the Philippine international ef forts should be concentrated. Radio Comedian Jack Benny presents a quarter size violin to Robert Cummings, Jr. after dirtstening ceremony where Berry ae'-.ed ".f godfather Ellie' Cummings is the proud mamma. very glad to be back in the Phil ippines, for here, life is moving forward. She has not failed to notice upon her arrival that streets have been cleared and re paired, new houses are being built, business is going on. When she left Vienna a few weeks ago, the streets were still cluttered with debris, the bomb craters were still there, no new houses were going up for lack of materials, there was still food, clothing and coal shortage. The people moved, it is true, but they were not alive. Everything was so depressing. Miss Hauser is 21, and she looks even younger, but talking with her, one cannot help but note that she has already too much sense in her head. We don’t want girls of 21 to be scatter-brains, but neither do we want them to be so serious-minded at that age. This is what eight years of enemy occupation has done to Eleanora —it has made her too wise for her age. The fundamental reason that women do not achieve so greatly as men do is that women have no wives. Until such time as science or economics corrects this blunder of nature we shall remain, I fear, the inferior sex.—Prof. Marjorie Nicholson of Columbia University, quoted in Ladies’ Home Journal. If a nation values anything more than freedom, it will lose its free dom; and the irony of it is that, if it is comfort or money that it values more, it will lose that too. —VV. Somerset Maugham, Strict ly Personal (Doubleday). MARCH 15, 1947 PAGE 27 AMERICAN WOMEN in PHOTOGRAPHY WHEN Helen Levitt won the 1 9 4 6 $1,000 fellowship awarded by New York City’s Museum of Modern Art for work in creative photography, it con firmed the fact that women have attained ranking positions in con temporary photography in the United States. The award, which is the first of its kind to be established in America, is enab ling Miss Levitt to carry out a project of photographing New York scenes and people. Helen Levitt’s photographs have long been recognized for their ex cellence, and especially for her sensitive handling of photographs of children. Miss Levitt, who was born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1913, took up photogarphy ten years ago. She has exhibited her work in many New York City shows, her pictures have appeared in numerous American magazines, The net est gadget invented by the Ely brothers at Daytona Beach, Florida, is the "Sun Surrey," shown < bove in duplicate with Barbara Lynn riding "mid-ships." The boys supply the jnotive power. Who Said That Taking Pictures Is A Career For Men Only? and examples of her work are in cluded in the Museum of Modern Art’s permanent collection of photographs. Nancy Newhall, former acting curator of the pho tographic department of the mu seum has said that Miss Levitt’s camera is “an instrument of re velation which she used with an uncanny poetic'sense.” Probably America’s most out standing woman photographer in the documentary field is Berenice Abbott whose series of pictures, “Changing New York,” completed in 1939 under federal sponsor ship was pronounced “an unfor gettable portrait of the city.” Hundreds of prints resulting from this series hang in the Museum of the City of New York, and hun dreds have circulated to various public schools and museums. TRAINED IN PARIS Berenice Abbott was born in Springfield, Ohio, in 1898. After attending high school in Cleveland, Ohio, and Ohio State Univ, ersity, she went to New York and later to Paris. Work in the Paris photographic laboratory of Man Ray paved the way for her photographic career, and between 1924 and 1929 she did outstand ing work, especially in the field of portraiture. She returned to the United States in 1929 and be gan instructing at the New School for Social Research in New York City. She did a series of por traits of famous American in dustrial magnates for the ma gazine Fortune and has had nu merous exhibitions of her work in New York, San Francisco and Paris. In 1941 she published “A Guide to Better Photography." She is now working on scientific and industrial subjects and con ducting a workshop at the New School. Another outstanding docu mentary photographer is Dorothea Lange, bom in the state of New Jersey and educated in New York City. She decided to become a photographer at the age of 17, and chose California as her home when she stopped off in San Fran cisco during a world tour in 1919. She set up a studio in that city and remained there until 1929. Her first work as a documentary photographer was a report of migrant workers’ camps for the state of California, completed in 1933. Later in the same year she began work for the federal Farm Security Administration, remain ing with that agency for more than ten years. In 1940 she re ceived a Guggenheim fellowship and dedicated herself to a program of photographing rural America, but never completed the project. During the war she did consider able work for the Office of War Information and the War Reloca tion Authority. She now lives in Berkeley, California. PHOTOGRAPHS ARE SOCIAL DOCUMENTS Both Berenice Abbott and Doro thea Lange have taken man’s tangible results rather than man himself as the subjects for the greater part of their work, but another prominent woman pho tographer, Lisette Model, is more interested in people. Miss Model is Viennese by birth, but has been in the United States since 1939 and has photographed the Amer ican scene extensively. Her first exhibition included much work done in Paris and Nice, but later shows have included a Coney Island series in 1941 and a Negro school series in 1942. Her documents, her realization of social maladjustments seemingly grasped intuitively and per manently recorded by her sen sitive lens. Examples of her work, too, are included in the Museum of Modern Art’s permanent photo graphic collection. An eminent American woman photographer is Louise DahlWolfe, head of the photographic staff of the magazine Harper’s Bazaar. Mrs. Dahl-Wolfe intend ed to be a painter and studied art at the California School of Fine Arts and at Columbia Univ ersity. She worked as an interior decorator in both San Francisco and New York City, turning to photography in 1935 when she bePAGE 28 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL gan using the camera to photo graph interiors. She did a bril liant series of pictures in the hill country of the state of Ten nessee, some of which were in cluded in the Museum of Modern Art’s 1937 exhibition. Her work is considered outstandingly good, not only in black and white, but in color photography as well. Barbara Morgan is noted in the specialized field of dance photography. Her book, “Martha Graham,” published in 1941, is a remarkable photographic inter pretation of the work of one of the foremost exponents of the modern dance in the United States. In it she endeavours to give a visual sense of the dance rather than a literal interpreta tion. She rebels against the ten dency of high-speed photography to catch dancers in poses that the human eye can never detect, be lieving instead that the blur of movement has a definite aesthethic, as well as expressive, value. Hers was the first integrated book of dance photographs. WOMEN PHOTOGRAPHERS AT THE FRONT Some of the most remarkable photography of recent years was done during the war—at the fronts or in devastated areas be hind the lines. Three women have been conspicuous in this field, Therese Bonney, Margaret BourkeWhite, and Jackie Martin. Therese Bonney was born in Syracuse, New York State, but was educated in California. She received her Bachelor of Arts de gree from the University of Ca lifornia, her Master’s degree from Harvard, and then went to Paris, where she obtained her Doctor’s degree at the Sorbonne. A great part of her life has been devoted to the promotion of cultural re lations and information between France and the United States, be ginning in 1919 when she helped establish the American Red Cross Correspondence Exchange between children of France and America. In the 1920’s Miss Bonney did a series of books in collaboration with her sister Louise, designed to acquaint Americans with various cultural features of France. In 1934, the year of the centennary of Lafayette’s death, she was chosen by the National Museum of France to collect American relics for their exhibi tion and was rewarded for her work by being given the Cross of the Legion of Honor. The follow ing year she became director of the art gallery of the Maison Francaise at Rockefeller Center, TWO-WAY CONVERSATION occupies Loretta Young and her husband, Tom Lewis,’at this'gathi ering. Loretta, who first faced a motion picture camera when she was five years old,*is_often referred to as the “grand young lady” of films. Most top male stars have appeared opposite hen New York, and continued her work of exposing Americans to the best cultural features of France. Miss Bonney’s first photogra phic work came through impa tience with the pictures submit ted* to her by the news-service photographers on whom she had to depend. Her first large project was coverage of the Vatican from behind-the-scenes. Her work re ceived a 10-page spread in Life magazine and was published in book form in 1939. In 1939 Miss Bonney “scooped” war correspndents by being on hand for the opening of the Russo-Finnish war. She had gone to Finland to photograph prepa ration for the Olympic Games, and was in the country when war was declared. Her excellent work, done under the most dangerous and difficult of circumstances, won her the White Rose, one of Finland’s highest decorations. Therese Bonney was the only woman photographer to cover the Battle of France. She also work ed with the American Red Cross in the occupied areas and was a member of Anne Morgan’s unit, American Friends of France. She returned briefly to the United States in 1940, and her work was exhibited at the Library of Con gress in Washington, D. C., and later at New York City’s Museum of Modern Art. She returned to Europe in 1941, going to Portu gal, Spain, Finland and England. Her most remarkable work was a book, “Europe’s Children,” a series of photographs gleaned from four years’ work in the war areqs and published in 1943. It is a most vivid and graphic re cord of the devastating effects of war, not upon soldiers at the front, but upon the children in the shattered areas behind the lines. Margaret Bourke-White, noted industrial and documentary pho tographer, who has worked for the magazines Fortune and Life since 1929, was the only woman accredited as correspondent-pho tographer to the United States Army Air Forces during the re cent war. Miss Bourke-White, who was born in New York City in 1906 and who has been a ca merawoman since 1927, is well known for her industrial photo graphs in the United States, Ca nada, parts of South America and Russia. She has written and illustrated several books, “Eyes on Russia” in 1931, “USSR” in 1934, and “You Have Seen Their Faces,” “North of the Danube,” and “Say, Is This the USA?” in collaboration with her former husband, the author Erskine Caldwell. TWO TOP-RANKING WAR CORRESPONDENTS Her work as war correspondent took Miss Bourke-White to Eng land, North Africa, and Europe, and in 1944 she published "They Call it Purple Heart Valley,” a remarkable photographic record of the Italian front. In the mid dle months of 1946 she was in New Delhi, India, working on an assignment- for Life magazine. Jackie Martin is another topranking photographer and corres pondent. She was the first offi cial photographer for the Women’s Auxilary Army Corps, and spent several months in 1942 living in barracks at the Corps training school at Des Moines, Iowa. She was the first American woman war correspondent to arrive at the scene of the battle of Southern France, landing on D-Day plus seven. For three months she worked in the area, never more than five miles (eight kilometers) from the front. Born Cecilia Martin in Pitts burgh in the state of Pennsylva nia, she later attended high school in Washington, D. C. She received a scholarship to Syracuse (Continued on page 31) MARCH 15. 1947 PAGE 29 CATHOLIC WOMEN'S LEAGUE CONVENTION THE fifteenth annual conven tion of the Catholic Women’s League held March 15 and 16, 1947 was a big start for its re organization. There were 611 women registered from ' IIocos Norte, IIocos Sur, Tuguegarao, Cagayan, Panga£inan, Zambales, Batangas, Bulacan, Cavite, Que zon, Laguna, Rizal, Romblon, Sa mar, Cebu, Capiz, Iloilo, Occ. Negros, Zamboanga, Lanao, Ca gayan, Misamis and from the 14 parishes in Manila. 315 women were provincial delegates. Due to the delay of Mrs. Roa’s arrival, Mrs. Visitacion R. Juan of Laoag, IIocos Norte gave the Response to the greetings of the National President General, Miss Manuela Gay. Dr. Carlos P. Romulo, perma nent delegate to the UNO, whose address was broadcasted by the KZPI was the first speaker, He spoke of the militant Catholicity in America, of the conversion of Claire Booth Luce to the Catholic Faith and of the great power of women in moulding the morality of the people. He spoke of happiness being a relative term to many, but that true happiness is found in the peace of mind and in a clean conscience. He compared true happiness to the calm, quiet and cool water of Ma nila Bay during twilight. He spoke of Claire Booth Luce who declared that she became a Catholic because in this Faith alone did she find the true hap piness she had long sought truout her most active life in the government. He spoke of the short but effective sermons in the Catholic Churches in America. He also brought out with deep feelings, the first scene he saw when he entered Manila after liberation. This was about the four dead Brothers at La Salle College Chapel who were bayonetted as they rushed to the Ta bernacle to save the Host. He said that just as the picture of the raising of the American Flag at Iwo Jima depicted the Amer ican spirit in fighting this war, so too should this scene been pictured by the same Joe Rosen thal, to depict the true spirit of the Filipinos in fighting this war. He wished this scene could have been immortalized. Justice Pastor Endencia, of the Court of Appeals spoke on the need of religious instruction in the public schools because this is the only solution to the difficult task of curbing the increasing juvenile delinquency. He also emphasized the important role of women in the shaping of an in dividual. He spoke in Spanish, but the very interesting open forum that followed was carried on in English and Spanish. Capt. Thomas F. Cullen, Naval Attache to the American Em bassy, a fourth degree® K. of C., and a graduate of law in George town University, spoke of the great Catholicity of the Filipinos and of the attitude of the Amer ican people towards State Inter ference in the teaching of Reli gion in the Schools. He said that the Catholic Faith of the Filipi nos carried them thru the diffi cult days of the war, and has steeled them in carrying the bur dens of the different dominions that came to their shores. He This year's CWL convention, held March 15-16, while less pretentious than those in the past, affected nearly almost all traditional features down to the tea at Malacanan Palace offered by the First Lady, which formally marked the close of the event. After the business meeting, the musicale. and the rest of the program at the Consolation college hall, the Catholic Women's League, represented by about five hundred members, trooped to Malacanan for Mrs. Roxas' tea. Shown above is the President delivering his laudatory address, flanked by Miss Rosario Ocampo, Miss Ma nuela Gay, CWL president, Mrs. Roxas, Mrs. Consuelo Salazar Perez, Mrs. Melecio Arranz and Ruby Roxas. said it was this Christian spirit that inspired Filipino mothers to give up their sons to stand by their fellow Americans at Bataan and Corregidor. He urged the ladies to keep on with the good work and help preserve the Fili pino traditions and Catholic ideals. He was happy that altho a stranger at our gates he was invited to take part in the deliveration of Catholic women. He was very accommodating in giv ing his opinion at the Open Fo rum. Mrs. Aurora A. Quezon, one of the Honorary Presidents ad dressed the delegates in Tagalog. Her main theme was to remind the ladies never to forget their Creator, the Source of all, when they become comfortable, and wealthy. She admonished them to themselves adhere to the Catholic Faith, not only in words, but in deeds. The women, still thruout the time she was present, show ed, how they revere her. Even Mons. Louis R. Morrow, Bishop of India, kissed her hand before and after His Excellency’s speech as she was His Excellency’s spon sor when His Excellency was made a Bishop. Mrs. Luisa R. Lorenzo intro duced her in Spanish. Atty. Baltazar M. Villanueva, spoke in Tagalog, on the unity of Catholic women and urged them to fight communisn in this coun try. Mons. Morrow gave the most entertaining talk on the life of the people in India. He also pictured his dreams of the Philippines as the Leader of the Far East. He urged the ladies to continue with their enthusiasm as the Faith is very alive in this country. Mrs. Mercedes R. de Joya gave a talk in Tagalog on the different moral • problems. Mrs. Felicidad A. de Silva presided over all the Open Forums and the session for the presentation of resolutions. The laying of the cornerstone of the C. W. L. Social Center was very solemn. The Philippine Army Band supplied the music and refreshments were supplied by the San Miguel Brewery. Mrs. Salud F. Unson gave the introductory remarks. Mrs. So fia R. de Veyra, a short speech and Mrs. Delfina San Agustin Gonzales declaimed a poem entitled “Caridad”. The copy of this poem together with C. W. L. Consti tutions, Convention Program, the signatures of the sponsors and the C. W. L. National Board and different kinds of coins given by the ladies present, were buried with the cornerstone. A prominent matron donated 20 pieces of jewelry, with diamonds, pearl, amethyst setting and others, and another lady gave Pl,000.00 both were to boost the Building Funds. One unique feature of the con vention was the impromptu lite rary musical program given aftei lunch and managed by Mrs. Ju(Contfnued on- page 34) PAGE 30 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL OLD BAY MARE HOW TO MAKE GOOD ICE CREAM (Continued from page 23) 2 whole eggs or 3 eggs yolks 2 teaspoons vanilla 2 cups light cream Mix sugar, flour and salt; stir in milk. Cook over boiling water, stirring constantly, until slightly thickened. Cover and continue cooking for 10 minutes. Stir a little of the hot milk into the eggs, slightly beaten, then stir into the remaining hot milk. Cook over hot, not boiling, water, stirring constantly for about 5 minutes or until mixture coats the spoon. Remove from the hot water, chill, and add va nilla and cream. Freeze accord ing to the above directions. For FRENCH VANILLA, use 6 egg yolks in place of the whole eggs in the above recipe. COFFEE ICE CREAM Use Custard Base and add 1/3 cup ground coffee to milk; scald, strain through fine cheesecloth and proceed as directed, omitting vanilla. BISQUE ICE CREAM Use the above recipe for Va nilla Ice Cream, substituting 3 tablespoons of sherry for the va nilla and when ready to freeze, adding 1 cup macaron crumbs. CARAMEL ICE CREAM Use Vanilla Ice Cream recipe, reducing the sugar 1/3 cup. Add 1/3 cup cold caramel syrup with the vanilla. To make Caramel Syrup: Place 1 cup granulated sugar in a heavy skillet over low heat; stir con stantly until sugar has melted and changed to a light brown syrup. Remove from heat and gradually stir in 2/3 cup of hot water. Return to fire and boil until smooth, stirring constantly. CHOCOLATE ICE CREAM Use the above recipe for Vani lla Ice Cream, adding 2 squares of unsweetened chocolate to the milk while it is being scalded. MANGO ICE CREAM When ready to freeze, add 2 cups crushed or sieved mango pulp sweetened with 1/2 cup sugar or more, depending on sweetness of the fruits. PINEAPPLE ICE CREAM Use recipe for Vanilla Ice Cream, substituting 1 tablespoon lemon juice for vanilla. When ready to freeze, add 2 cups of well-drained crushed pineapple (canned). TUTTI-FRUTTI Use above recipe for Vanilla Ice Cream, omitting vanilla. Add 3 tablespoon sherry wine, 1/2 cup chopped maraschino cherries, 3/4 cup finely chopped nuts and 1/2 cup well-drained crushed pineapple. Dr. William Hitzig, a police surgeon, owns a place up near Woodstock, and it was probably inevitable that he should get the notion that it would be nice to have an old police horse around for an occasional Sunday-morning canter. When he did get the notion, the Department gladly gave him a mount it was retiring, a nineteen-year-old bay mare who had done her honorable and faith ful stint on city pavements. He went up there, the first weekend after she had arrived, and looked in at the bam to welcome her and put her at her ease. “Well, old girl,” he said heartily, reach ing out to stroke her neck. The old mare gave him a bleak, baleful look and bit him on the wrist. Dr. Hitzig retreated to the house, at tended his wound, which was painful, and gamely went back to ICES COFFEE ICE. Dissolve 1 cup sugar in 4 cups hot strong coffee. Cool and freeze. Serve with whipped cream. DIGGING HER WAY OUT IN ENGLAND ACCORDING TO an old saying “an Englishman's house is his castle.** But now it’s his Igloo, as demonstrated tly this housewife whose only exit from her Peak Forest, England, home is a tunnel cut through a snowdrift that has buried the house. The worst winter blizzards Brit ishers can recall not only has cut villages, off from food, fuel and power, but It has created a national economic crisis. (International) the bam. This time, the moment he got through the door, the old mare rolled back her lips, snorted, gnashed her teeth, and did her noisy mightiest to kick her stall to pieces. The Doctor gave up for that weekend, but he had a theory; no medical man is worth his salt these days unless he’s something of a practical psychologist. When he got back to town, he borrowed a blouse and cap from one of his police friends, and the following weekend he put them on and ap peared before the mare with com plete success. “The old girl BEAMED at me,” he says. “She thought I was an Irishman.” The Doctor’s rides have been unevent ful and pleasant, except for the peculiar stares his getup inva riably attracts throughout the countryside. (THE NEW YORKER) ORANGE ICE. Make a syrup of 2 cups water and 1 cup sugar; add 2 cups orange juice and 1/4 cup lemon juice. Cool, strain and freeze. AMERICAN WOMEN IN PHOTOGRAPHY (Continued from page 29) University but was able to stay only one year. She went into newspaper work in 1923 and be gan photographic work in 1926 for the Underwood and Under wood News Service in Washing ton. She is the first woman ever to have been sports editor of a large daily paper, and the first woman as well ever to have been art and photographic director of a large metropolitan daily. In 1942 Miss Martin made a trip to Brazil at the request of the Brazilian government with aviation writer Alice Rogers Hager, now president of the Women’s National Press Club. They covered more than 15,000 miles (24,000 kilometers) on the trip and later published a book, "Frontier by Air,” describing their travels. Recognition for her outstand ing work—and one she is proud est of—came in 1942, when Miss Martin received the Arentz medal from Syracuse University, an award made annually to some noted alumnus. Miss Martin is the only undergraduate ever to have received the award. Early in 1946 Miss Martin be gan work for International News Photos, and has done photographic round-ups of such prominent per sons as Claire Booth Luce, Ber nard Baruch and Andrei Gromy ko. She is working with Alice Hager on a second book, and be ginning in October is giving a series of lectures in the American East and Middle West on her war experiences. MARCH 15. 1947 PAGE 31 'SEEM'S TO ME Continued from page 14) GROWTH OF A HOBBY (Continued from page 5) we send not only delegates but technical assistants, advisers and authorities in their respective fields. I am in favor of giving the women organizations of this coun try due representation in the mission, either as delegates or as advisers or technical assistants. I feel confident that the women shall be given more voice and as sume more responsibility in the next UNESCO delegation. I have done my part. The next move is yours.” As if in answer to this plea, we hear of Mrs. Paz P. Mendez’ apVENDETTA (Continued from page 11) drew her long bony fingers as if to clutch at a throat. She said again, but I won’t. I’ll wait till it’s time for your delivery. I’ll also kill your child. Then she van ished. For a long time afterwards Carmen could not regain her voice HERE'S WHERE YOU FIND THAT ONE IN A MILLION WITH THE FIRST HOT SPELL of Summer, Coney Island again begins to count its refugees from Manhattan by the millions. When this picture was taken, the official tabulation showed mqre than 1,000,000 crowded on tile world-famous beach. Looking them over from a point of vantage on a parachute jump are two pretty New York girls who try to get as high as they can over the heat wave- international) pointment as a member of the Philippine delegation to attend the educational conference in In dia. President of the Philippine Association of University Women, and Dean of the College of Edu cation of the Centro Escolar Univ ersity, she is active in many other outside activities like writing text-books, social work, helping “correct” prejudicial laws against women. But all this does not hinder her from being a good wife and mother. Yes, ladies, I go back to my thesis. in her terror. Her husband was not at home at the time. And when he finally got home, he found her profoundly de jected. He tried his best to revive her spirits, but he was quite un successful. He said that it was air and the softness of the bark upon which the new plants estab lish themselves. But there is an other way of propagation which is by means of the development of just a dream, but she could only look at him in a sort of baffled way and then shake her head. Then sometime later when she was about six months old with child, the hunchback came again. This time she did not say any thing. She smiled briefly, a gro tesque sort of smile, and then she was gone from the room. And the next moment the husband was up. He nearly gagged because of the terrible stench in the room. It was the smell of stagnant seawater and of things putrefying. He hastily got up to open a window to let out the putrid stench. Then he hurriedly came back to his softly weeping wife. And the next morning they found a piece of seaweed at the foot of the bed. They wondered long and fearfully how it ever got there. new shoots. Some orchid plants can be cut and will grow as cut tings . On the care of orchids you learn first thing not to wish for the moon. Orchids that thrive in Ba guio may not grow well in Mani la. To grow them on pots, see that the “epiphytic” variety gets the proper ventilation they de serve. Use charcoal to keep them sweet. Use fibers of osmunda or coconut to establish them. Do not over-water. Keep them dry. Every plant, botanists tell us, has its growing and resting pe riods. Before a plant blooms it must rest, so don’t be impatient. You might even fall back on the old saying that you must make the plant suffer to make it bloom. During the growing period, orchids need plenty of water, but never stagnant water. When orchid plants smell sour, some thing is rotten in Denmark. Study the species you have for each one needs definite care. Vandas like sun. Phalaenopsis can not endure too much water. Others like shade. But in general, orchids do best here in the morning sun and partial shade. They grow better on trees, the natural habitat. When you reach that stage where you can be generous with orchid cuttings, bear in mind to ship the orchids dry. Should you come upon some spe cies outside of town you wish to take home, keep them dry. When in transit, they can stand without water for as long as two months, according to 'Mrs. Steiner who speaks from experience. Water will kill them in two days. There are 900 varieties of orchids which the Philippines can call its own. Collectors are for ever on the go in the hinterlands of the Philippines to collect and classify orchids hitherto undis covered. It is said that collectors can spot an orchid a mile away. They have a set of formulas for judging whether a certain bloom is an orchid or not but to the amateur this is still of remote con cern. To the student, however, this will serve as a guide: The orchid flower always has a lip. Inside there is a formation that looks like the head of a bird with two eyes. The pollinia are the eyes and the beak is the one glutinous stamen. Then there’s the twisted inferior ovary, the special cling ing roots, the thick leathery or PAGE 32 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL DOG GIVES BLOOD FOR A PAL WRITERS AND THEIR PROBLEMS (Continued, from page 4) Our writers can hope to have their works published only if they will undertake to do it themselves. This is not as sense less as it sounds. It was done successfully by the Literary Guild, can and should be done especially in Tagalog, as soon as printing conditions will allow. The business organization of the Guild and a modification of it to suit the conditions of the day I shall be glad to explain later. From the days of Martin Ocampo, the publisher of El Renacimiento, who was beloved by his newspapermen, through the days of the late Old Man Roces, who also stood up for his writers as courageously and as affection ately, to the newspaper publishers of the present day, the relations between writers and newspaper publishers in our country have ever been pleasant if not actually loving. The general attitude of most writers is a general lament at the state of the nation in gen eral, that it should be so indif ferent to literature, rather than a condemnation of publishers in particular, that they should be so parsimonious. Though by nature unendowed with a sense for busi ness, they can still recognize and appreciate a fair deal when they get it, and, except for a few minor gripes, from the bottom of their hearts they are glad about the present state of affairs. The newspaper publishing busi ness is a complicated project in which the writing part is only a part and not the whole. This is a sad statement to make, but nevertheless very true: that were a publisher to choose between his best linotypist and a genius in his staff, he would probably shrug his shoulder and say: But what can I do? In business, indis pensability is the prime conside ration . Most publishers will naturally avoid committing themselves with such forthrightness. They regard the members of their staff very highly and would give anything succulent leaves with paralell veins, or the pseudo-bulbs. Above all, know that an orchid plant when bruised does not bleed with white milky juice. This is not too much for the beginner, we hope. to save hurting their feelings. And except for certain main con siderations, they will probably allow them all the latitude possi ble, within their understanding of the word. But still, indispensa bility -will always be for them the principal consideration, or they would be very poor business men. The theory of indispensability is the root of all evil. Trained and encouraged to believe in their own individual worths, writers can stoically gulp down many types of liquid, literally and figuratively speaking, but the dregs of' standardization and anonymity are sometimes too bit ter for him to swallow. Yet, from the publisher’s point of view, in numbers there is safety. The paper must come out; the salaries must be paid; the busi ness must be stabilized. There is no time for nonsense and sen timent, and as far as they are concerned, genius and tempera ment are all right, except when there is a deadline to catch. In which case, much as the truth will hurt, genius will have to be sacrificed. Most publishers, in my obser vation, take refuge from the per formance of this most difficult part of their job by maintaining an attitude of polite aloofness. Tfiis has been mistaken for un concern for the writers, and snobbishness... I venture to in terpret it as more likely to be self-protection. They know that writers’ feet are full of tender corns. Taking into account, therefore, and building around the premise, that newspaper publishers enter ed the business with good will towards the writing people—with whom they knew they would have to deal in the first place—we shall put off for a better day the fulfillment of that rosy dream of all writers, to be able to live on this writings. A sound business sense, a background of personnel management, if not a Christian heart, will necessarily make publishers do right by their writers as soon as their finances will warrant. In the meanwhile, I beg per mission to gripe, but gripe fair ly. By which I mean: to com plain about things which CAN be helped, instincts in the publishers notwithstanding. First: they can help build up a Filipino A LARGE DOG with plenty of blood to spare, Tess gives up a quart of the life-saving fluid to save the life of a small cocker spaniel in Chicago. Unlike humans, canine blood is not typed, and any dog may be a donor. Marjorie GaHivan holds the spaniel while Doctors Harlan Stanton and A. G. Misener make the transfusion. (International Soundphoto) literature by assuming their res ponsibility towards it that rig*ht now they are trying to forge on grounds of economy. Second: they can help the writers grow mentally, if not financially. How, I shall be happy to explain dur ing the panel of discussion. (Libra ry facilities for the newest books and publication, contact stimulat ing minds, scholarships, etc.) Third: most writers die young, and most of the dead had tuber culosis. Certainly the progress of medical science, with the co operation of the publishers, should *be able to lower our sta tistics. Fourth: if there is not much money in writing, at least there can be plenty of—shall we call it Honor? Within reasonable limits, allow us all the by-lines and the columns and the credits. Such things are free, anyway, and very soul-satisfying. I am possessed with the ear nest hope that something will come out of this brain-child of the Barangay Writers, this Writers’ Week. It does seem funny that writers, who have been able to do so much for other peo ple and other causes, should find embarrassment and diffidence at doing things for themselves. I consider it a sign of adolescence on our part to refuse to admit our troubles, personal, economic, or literary. I can only speak for the women writers, who, though playing but secondary roles in the fields of both journalism and li terature, have nevertheless been able to do more than any other group of writers towards solving their problems. In their name, I offer the resources of our orga nization, by which I mean no lit tle amount of femenine charm and talent for getting what they want. BLUSHING BRIDE Jeanne Pullen, 26, of New York City, says “I do” over the transpacific phone from Wash ington, D. C., as she is wed to Maj. Thomas S. McFarland, Jr., of Chi-, cago. Ill-, in Tokyo, 6,000 miles away. Her mother, Mrs. Welles Pullen, of Mountainside, N. Jgives the bride away. To make mat ters worse, the bride had laryn gitis. (International Soundphoto) MARCH 15, 1947 PAGE 33 SILHOUETTES A'greater morale build er than a good night’s sleep, we think, are thedresses here featured. Consider for instance the one with a swag 'of white contrived into a surplice treatment for a spectacular long-torso bodice over plain skirt (left). Or the two-piecer in black and white, if you please with four red button flowers. Shall we say red earrings, too? For the forthright smart who is always three jumps ahead of the next gal when it comes to clothes — the half-and-half jacket here given novel treat ment. CATHOLIC WOMEN'S LEAGUE CONVENTION (Continued from page 30) lianita Gonzaga and Miss Rosa rio Ocampo. Everyone had to obey when asked to give a num ber, hence, even the National President had to dance "Carinosa” with the other members of the Board. This increased the Build ing fund, as many enthusiastic members threw money on the stage while the ladies gave their number. Even Mrs. Alvero and Mrs. Arambulo had to declaim “in obedience” to the order of Miss Ocampo. The First Lady, Mrs. Manuel A. Roxas has been very gracious in attending all the affairs of the first day. She was a luncheon guest at noon, stayed at the mu sical program, and attended at the laying of the cornerstone. She was the one who lowered the stone. The next day she entertained the delegates with other ladies about 800 in all, with a delight ful tea and a musical program given by mostly Capiz artists. His Excellency, the President, Hon. Manuel Roxas gave a stirr ing address. He said that Christ alone and His principles have survived the past turmoil. What social justice is being preached today is based on the teachings of Christ, according to him. He also emphasized that the great ness of a man < is not measured by power or wealth but by de voting one’s life for the good of his fellowmen. He assured the ladies that his government was not only in sympathy with them but will cooperate with them in the attainment of their plans. Mrs. Josefa Estrada introduced the President. The important Resolutions passed are: 1. To endorse the Kintanar Divorce Bill repealling the Di vorce Law.. 2. To protest against the tax ation of private schools. 3. To have a bill sponsored making religious instruction in the public schools, part of the curriculum. PRINCESS VIEWS LATEST CROWNS IN THE COMPANY of her personal hat designer, Aage Tharrup, Princess Elizabeth, England’s future queen, looks over the latest in crowns, brims and trimmings at a London millinery preview. The off-the-face bonnet shown above is one of Designer Tharrup’s creations. Touched off with a generous silver bow, it was considered a startling change from the customary conservative headdress of the royal family, she and her sister will soon start on a royal tour of South Africa. (International) PAGE 34 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL S.uJb&£JliI)Q lo ths Saturday Evening News’ Jhis & JAc 5£jecZci/ Qaami Cty The EVENING NEWS Wh icli C onies Out Every Saturday Afternoon There are*two important reasons why provincial readers find the SATURDAY EVENING NEWS the best newspaper for their money— If Has A Uourteen-Page News Section Which (Jives Them The Latest Developments Along The Local And Foreign News Fronts and It Contains /V Thirty-Two Page Magazine Section Which Features Four Pages Of Colored Comics, Fascinating Feature Articles, Interesting Short Stories, Fashion Trends, And Pictures and More Pictures. STUDENTS. BUSINESS MEN. FARMERS. PROFESSION ALS, AND HOUSEWIVES ARE SUBSCRIBING DAILY TO THE SATURDAY EDITION OF THE “EVENING NEWS.” For the relatively small amount of P9.00 yon can receive the SATURDAY EVENING NEWS for one year, fifty-two issues in all, anywhere in the Philippines. S U B,S CRIB E N O W ! Clip this coupon and mail it together with the necessary remittance. The Circulation Department EVENING NEWS. INC. RAMON ROCES BLDG. 1055 Soler. Manila Gentlemen: Please send the SATURDAY EVENING NEWS to °f for the period of payment of which is hereby .enclosed in the amount of as per (money order, cashier’s check, or cash bv registered mail) effective immediately. NAME ADDRESS Su bsc ri pti on Rates: 1 Year P9.00 Six Months 1’4.80 Three Months P2.50 (Subscription Rates for the United States. Hawaii, and othercountries double these rates.) WlWT OPHIR 107-113 DASMARINAS •MANILAfl