Filipino women pharmacists outnumber men

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Part of The American Chamber of Commerce Journal

Title: Filipino women pharmacists outnumber men
Language: English
Source: The American Chamber of Commerce Journal Volume 9 (Issue No. 9) September 1929
Year: 1929
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Fulltext: September, 1929 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 25 It was officially announced during August that Spencer, Kellogg and Sons, Inc., largest manufacturers of coconut oil in the Philippines, acquired by purchase from T. P. Gallagher & Co., Inc., of New York, the Atlantic Oriental Tank Line. The fleet consists of five tankers, Ce darhurst f Vaba, Darden, Romulus, and Gladysbe. The transaction is reported as involving five million pesos and Spencer, Kellogg will continue the present monthly service maintained between the Philippines, New York and New Orleans. H. M. Hunt, general agent, States Steamship Co., accompanied by his family, departed for the United States via Vancouver aboard the ss Empress of Russia, August 16. Mr. Hunt is returning to the general office at Portland, Oregon. Mr. Van Niewenhuyse, general agent for the Eastern and Philippines Shipping Agencies, Ltd., Manila, motored to San Fernando, La Union, and Baguio during August in the interest of tourist trade. W. L. Applegate, president, Luzon Stevedoring Co., left Manila for the southern islands July 29 aboard the ss Salvager and returned to Manila August 18 aboard the ss Tango Maru. J. O. Foyle, connected with the freight depart- • ment, The Robert Dollar Co., underwent an operation for appendicitis at St. Paul’s, August 25. Mr. Foyle’s recovery was rapid and we are glad to know that he was able to leave the hos pital on September 4. C. C. Black, oriental manager of the Prince Line, with headquarters in Hongkong, arrived in Manila August 10 aboard the ss President Madison for a short business call. Mr. Black departed for Hongkong August 23. Jean Cochet, general agent for the Far East, Compagnie des Messageries Maritimes, with headquarters at Shanghai, arrived in Manila August 13 aboard the ss President Wilson and departed for Hongkong August 17 aboard the ss President Cleveland. Lucian Lesdos, general agent for the same company at Hongkong, also arrived in Manila during August and in company with Mr. Cochet returned to Hongkong aboard the ss President Cleveland. Messrs. Cochet and Lesdos were visitors to Manila in the in terests of their company. Filipino Women Pharmacists Outnumber Men By Juan Barbera Of the Botica Boie At the close of the college year 1928-1929, a list of the graduates in the various college courses taught in the islands was published. Once more it was demonstrated that year after year in ever increasing numbers, Filipino women are qualifying themselves for the profession of phar macy. The feminine invasiomof our profession has indeed already reached such proportions in the Philippines as to have excited alarm, and raised the cry to heaven that colleges should close their doors against women who would matri culate in the pharmacy courses. According to official lists procured from the secretaries of pharmacy schools in the islands, in the year referred to, seventy-two men and two hundred and three women were graduated in pharmacy; the men were greatly outnumbered, as they were in the three or four years preceding. Reference to the data on students who will be graduated in pharmacy this year shows a similar disproportion between the sexes, in favor of the fairer. Without knowing what may be transpiring in the United States and Latin America, and in Spain, relative to woman’s entering the field of pharmacy, it may be said of the Philippines, these oceanic islands discovered by Magellan and El Cano, that already women are the major ity of graduates in pharmacy every year, and soon they will be the majority of those practicing the profession commercially. There are six schools of pharmacy in Manila. Four of them admit students of either sex, and G. B. Gibson, until recently passenger agent, shipping department, Smith, Bell & Co., Ltd., Manila, was transferred during August to Cebu, taking charge of the shipping department of the same firm there. E. C. W. Drummond, formerly of the export department of Smith, Bell & Co., Ltd., has been advanced to the position of passenger agent with the same house at Manila. two admit only women; no school of pharmacy in the Philippines is exclusively for men, which is to say that in all the schools of pharmacy in the islands women are dominant. The general system of education in the Philip pines is similar to that in the United States, and graduates in the professions are subjected to formal examinations by examining boards of the government before being permitted to practice. And it falls out that for the past several years women have been the majority of aspirants in pharmacy. Summing up nine consecutive exa minations recently given by the pharmacy exa mining board, 365 men and 531 women are the total number examined. Of the men, 248 were successful, or 64% of the total number of men examined; and of the women, 412, or 77%, were successful. Of the 45 who were highest in their examina tion ratings, 15 are men and 30 are women; and only in two of the nine examinations did men obtain the highest rating, women taking the honors in the other seven. The average rating of the two men was 79%, and that of the seven women was 87%. Men taking up pharmacy in the Philippines rank in intelligence with men going in for other courses, and women choosing pharmacy are not above the average intelligence of women enrolled in other professional courses. This feminine avalanche descending upon the profession of pharmacy in the Philippines evokes discussion of the future which pharmacy in the is lands offers to men. Some conjecture that the AMERICAN MAIL LINE DOLLAR STEAMSHIP LINE COMBINED TRANSPACIFIC SERVICE SAILING ONCE A WEEK The “President” Liners Offer Speed—Service—Courtesy—Comfort Excellent Food, Comfortable Cabins, Broad Decks, American Orchestra, Dancing, Swimming Pool, Sports SAILING ONCE A WEEK TO SAN FRANCISCO AND LOS ANGELES ▼la Hongkong, Shanghai, Kobe, Yokohama, and Honolulu ROUND THE WORLD President Garfield - - - Sept. 11 President Polk - - - - Sept. 25 President Adams- - - - Oct. 9 President Harrison - - - Oct. 23 President Johnson - - Nov. 6 Sailings every fortnight VICTORIA AND SEATTLE via Hongkong, Shanghai, Kobe, and Yokohama SAILINGS ON ALTERNATE FRIDAYS NEW TRANS PACIFIC SERVICE To San Francisco via Hongkong and Honolulu PRES. HAYES...........................Sept. 29 SAILINGS ON ALTERNATE SATURDAYS 24 Calle David MANILA Telephone No. 2-24-41 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 26 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL September, 1929 present tendency will make men reluctant to en ter a profession where women outnumber them; it is said that women will soon be employed as pharmacists everywhere, in pharmacies, labora tories, hospitals, maternity houses, etc., and may, more advantageously than men, and upon smaller net profit, manage drug stores of their own. Arguing along this line, those who fear wo man’s competition in our profession say that graduate women pharmacists accept pharma cists’ positions in drug stores and doctors’ offices at salaries out of the question for men who don’t renounce the desire to marry and support fami lies. On the contrary, young women who are pharmacists can accept these positions and hold them one or two years, living quite decently on their small salaries until they marry—as they always do—and the burden of their mainte nance falls upon their husbands. If, too, as is frequently the case, the husband of one of these young pharmacists is a doctor, when both keep on with their respective professions the advantage is still greater. If in other professions, as that of law, marriage is an impediment to woman, in pharmacy it is not. In the Philippines, where Spanish customs and social conventions are still influential, the woman, married and perhaps a mother, who appears as an attorney in one court and another, defending or prosecuting delinquents, resolving political disputes and engaging in similar ac tivities pertaining to the life of a lawyer, is not looked upon with unmitigated favor. On the contrary, the mother who is a pharmacist may, it seems, have her children with her in her office, attend her other domestic duties too, and the public of the Philippines will think it all quite correct—even view it with genuine approval. In rebuttal of all this, others say that if women who are pharmacists accept positions at low salaries, men do too, that the whole question is one of supply and demand, or that it is a result of the disruption and reorganization of social classes: both sexes are culpable if salaries are too low, and not the fair sex alone. “We,” say the women, “are no obstacle to a strong compact union for mutual protection concerning salaries sufficient to a decent livelihood. Our teachers in the classroom inculcate this principle; we use the same materials and instruments as men in the common laboratories, and we are examined as to fitness to practice pharmacy along with men, by an examining board which, it goes with out saying, is entirely made up of men; and so we feel we have the same rights as men to use our abilities in the struggle for existence.” TOBACCO REVIEW Alhambra Cigar and Cigarette Manufacturing Co. Raw Leaf:—According to the latest informa tion there still remain about 50,000 quintals ex the 1929 Ysabela crop in the hands of the farm ers. Prices in Manila have not gone up in pro portion to what was paid in the Ysabela pro vince. The exportation of cheaper Cagayan grades maintains a satisfactory volume. Com parative figures for August are as follows: Rawleaf, Stripped Tobacco and Scraps Kilos Australia............................................ 1,352 China................................................. 2,849 Czechoslovakia.................................. 840,318 Hongkong........................................... 42,913 Japan.................................................. 120 Java.................................................... 2,200 North Africa..................................... 26,234 North Atlantic (Europe)................... 109,661 Spain................................................... 1,152,576 Straits Settlements............................ 615 United States.................................... 114,273 Uruguay............................................. 41,540 2,334,651 July, 1929.................................. 3,010,653 August, 1928.............................. 2,043,652 Cigars:—Shipments to the United States, while somewhat larger than in July, still lag considerably behind the corresponding 1928 period. A great part of these exports leave some of the manufacturers but a very close margin of profit. Statistics of cigars shipped to the United States compare as follows: August 1929..............................about 15.060,000 July 1929........................................... 14,848,479 August 1928....................................... 18,929,943 Diet and The Duration of Life {Continued from page 16) result of doubling the amount of milk was a gain of exactly 10% in the span of life for both males and females. The acid test of statistical ana lysis indicated that there was not more than one chance in a hundred for error due to accident. Translated into human experience, this study indicates that at least six years could be added to the span of life by means of proper nutrition. The fluid in the fountain of youth is purer milk, and nutrition, in proper combination with other sanitary and hygienic factors, can actually promote longevity. INFORMATION FOR INVESTORS Expert, confidential reporta made on Philippine project a ENGINEERING, MINING, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, LUMBER, ETC. Hydroelectric projecta OTHER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES BRYAN, LANDON CO. Cebu, P. I. Cable addreaa: “YPIL,” Cebu. OXYGEN Compressed Oxygen 99.5% pure HYDROGEN Compressed Hydrogen 99.8% pure ACETYLENE Dissolved Acetylene for all purposes WELDING Fully Equip ped Oxy-Ace tylene Weld ing Shops BATTERIES Prest-O-Lite Electric Stor age Batteries Philippine Acetylene Go. 281 CALLE CRISTOBAL, PACO MANILA, P. I. REVIEW OF THE HEMP MARKET By L. L. Spellman Macleod and Company This report covers the Manila hemp market for the month of August with statistics up to and including September 2nd, 1929. U. S. Grades:—The market in New York opened dull with a weak tendency and shippers anxious to sell with buyers holding off. Sell ing prices were nomin ally on the basis of: D, 13% cents; E, 12% cents; F, 11% cents; G, 8% cents; H, 7% cents; I, 11% cents; JI, 10% cents; SI 11% cents; S2 10% cents; S3, 9% cents. The market continued dull and weak with shippers endeavor ing to sell even at lower prices, the result being that by th,e middle of the month prices had declined to: D, 13% cents; E, 12% cents; F, 11% cents; G, 8% cents; H, 7% cents; I, 11% cents; JI, 10% cents; SI, 11% cents; S2, 10% cents; S3, 9% cents. Sales during the last half of the month were very few and prices con tinued to decline; the market ending weak with sellers of E at 12% cents; F, 11% cents; I, 11 cents; SI, 10% cents; S2, 10% cents; S3, 8% cents; G, 8% cents. There were also sellers of Davao F at 11% cents; Davao I, 11% cents; Davao JI 10% cents and Davao G at 10 cents. In Manila the market was quiet on the first of the month with shippers paying the following prices: D, P30.50; E, P28.50; F, P26; G, P18.25; H, P15; I, P25; JI, P22; SI, P25.50; S2, P24; S3, P18.75. Receipts were very much larger than could possibly be expected during the past month with the natural result that prices con tinued to give way and the Manila market closed depressed with a few buyers at the follow ing nominal prices: D, P28; E, P26; F, P24.75; G, P17.25; H, P14; I, P24; JI, P21.25; SI, P24; S2, P22.50; S3, P17.75. These prices showed a considerable decline from the begin ning of the month and most of the houses are showing very little interest in hemp. U. K. Grades:—The U. K. market opened quiet with buyers holding off and nominal prices ruling as follows: J2, £38.10; K, £33.5; LI, £33.5; L2, £30.10; Ml, £30.10; M2, £27; DL, £27; DM, £22. Toward the middle of the month the market became dull with buyers rather than sellers at the following quotations: J2, £38; K. £33; LI, £33; L2, £30.5; Ml, £30.5; M2, £26.15; DL, £27; DM, £22. The exces sively large receipts of hemp had the usual depressing effect on the London market with buyers only being interested for their immediate requirements. The market continued dull and inactive with a d wnward tendency until at the end of the month the market was stagnant and very depressed owing to heavy receipts. The following were nominal quotations for dis tant shipment: J2, £36.10; K, £31; LI, £31; L2, £28; Ml£28, M2, £25.10; DL, £25.10; DM, £21. In Manila the market for U. K. grades on the first of the month was quiet with nominal prices as follows: J2, F17.75; K, P14.75; LI, P14.75; L2, P13.25; Ml, F13.25; M2, P10.75; DL, P10.75; DM, P8.75. Between the first and the middle of the month there was a slight im provement in local prices but they again eased off with the following quotations: J2, P18; K, P15; LI, P15; L2, P13.50; Ml, P13.50; M2, P11.25; DL, P11.25; DM, 9. The market continued quiet for a few days but towards the end of the month became depressed and ended up very depressed with few buyers at the follow ing prices: J2, P16.75; K, P14; LI, P14; L2, P12.50; Ml, P12.50; M2, P10.25; DL, P10.25; DM, F8. Japan:—This market bought a fair quantity of hemp during the earlier part of the month but their prices were not attractive and the tendency of the market has been very weak during the IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL