The Eisenhower atomic pool plan

Title

Language

English

Source

The American Chamber of Commerce Journal Volume XXX (No. 1) January 1954

Year

1954

Rights

In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted

Fulltext

In this connection he referred to the necessary re examination of the system of land tenure to purge it of injustice and oppression, and to clearing and opening the country’s vast and fertile public lands to settlement. “Land for the landless” will be more than a catch-phrase, he said. “We will translate it into actuality.” “Democracy becomes meaningless,” he said, “if it fails to satisfy the primary needs of the common man, if it can not give him freedom from fear and freedom from want. His happiness and security are the only foundations on which a strong republic can be built. His happiness and security shall be foremost among the goals of my administration." He viewed the entire development of the national economy in the same light. “We must develop the national economy so that it may better satisfy the material needs of our people. The benefits of any economic or industrial development program shall be channeled first to our com mon people, so that their living standards will be'raised.” Five short paragraphs, comprising about one-seventh of the whole address, were devoted to foreign affairs, with the emphasis on cooperation with the United States and the United Nations. The content was as tersely cogent as the rest. “While I shall give priority to our domestic problems, my Ad ministration will not neglect our international responsibilities. We can not escape the fact that today the destinies of nations ari closely linked. It is in this spirit that we regard the goodwill and assistance extended to us through the various programs of international economic cooperation with the more developed nations, chiefly the United States. Considering this aid to be primarily a means of speeding up our program toward self-reliance,, I pledge that every peso’s worth of assistance will be spent honestly and to the best advantage. It is to our common interest that this Republic, a monument to mutual goodwill and com mon labor, should prove to the world the vitality of the democracy by which we live.. . No effort will be spared, no element of cooperation will be withheld in strengthening and safeguarding our physical security. We are prepared to live up to all our obligations under our Mutual Defense Treaty with the United States.” This, by the way, was the only reference in the address to any specific treaty. As to the country’s relations with the United Nations, he stated: “We shall continue to cooperate with the United Nations in seeking collective security and a just world peace.” With respect to Philippine relations with other Asiatic nations, he said: “To our Asian brothers, we send fraternal greetings. They are beset by problems of the same nature and complexity as those that confront us. We invite them to share our experience in finding solutions to those problems through democratic means. It is my hope that we [shall be able] to exchange experiences and information on methods that each of us has found most effective in subduing illiteracy, poverty, disease, under-productivity, and other common evils which have afflicted our countries for past generations.” Lastly, in regard to his general program, he spoke of the “armed dissidence” within the country, with which, he said, “we can not compromise”. He called upon the remnant of the Huk elements still in hiding to lay down their arms, declaring: “I say to the rank and file of the Huks—who have been misled by the lies of the Kremlin—that they can win the economic security and social justice they desire only within the framework of our demo cracy. We shall welcome back the truly repentant with understanding and sympathy.” He was stem with the “leaders of the Communist conspiracy who would deliver this country and its people to a foreign power.” “I shall use all the force at my command to the end that the sovereign authority of this Government shall be respected and main tained. There can be no compromise with disloyalty.” Finally came the most moving part of his address, that part in which he anticipated the sceptics: “I have been warned,” he said, “that too much is expected of this Administration, that our people expect the impossible.” Then came his answer: “For this young and vigorous nation of ours, nothing is really im possible.” He continued, like the leader he is: “Let us have faith in ourselves, the same faith which fired the heroic generation of our Revolution. They fought and won their struggle with nothing but bolos in their hands and courage in their hearts. With out political training and experience , they wrote a constitution [the Malolos Constitution) comparable with the best and established the first Republic in Asia [under the presidency of General Aguinaldo]. Our own generation was told by doubters and enemies that we would never have independence from the United States. We live today under a free and independent Republic. Our faith was fulfilled.” “Today,” he concluded, “we are told anew that it is impossible to do what must be done. But our people, sustained by God, under whose protection we have placed our destiny and happiness, and streng thened by an abiding faith in His goodness and mercy, our people, united and free, shall shape a future worthy of our noble heritage if we but act; act together; act wisely; act with courage, and act unselfishly, in a spirit of patriotic dedication.” The people’s answer to this address was in the highest degree dramatic and caused the listeners to the radio-broad cast of the proceedings to hold their breaths. Breaking the police-lines, overwhelming the presidential guards and secret-service men, detailed for his protection, the people laid hold of him as he left the reviewing stand to get to his automobile, and raised him to their shoulders. The same phenomenon referred to in an editorial in last month’s issue of this Journal again occurred before the wondering and no doubt anxious eyes of the assembled dignitaries from many nations. Thousands of people struggled to reach him to shake his hands or merely to touch him. In the ensuing melee he could easily have been knifed or shot by some assassin in the pressing multitude. But only smiling faces surrounded him and an answering expression never left the President’s face as he was tossed over the heads of the people, his hands reaching out to all. It was with a sigh of relief that the radio listeners learned that he had at last reached his open Ford car and was on his way, slowly through the press, to Malacanan. The importance of the Eisenhower plan for the establishment of an international pool of fissionable ma terials under an entity to be called The Eisenhower the International Atomic Energy Atomic Pool Plan Agency * , is that, simple and prac tical as it appears to be, it is a ca talytic one,—to borrow a term from physical chemistry, introducing a new factor bound greatly to accelerate the formation of favorable new combinations; just as a chemist may use a very small quantity of a certain substance to produce an immediate chemical reaction on a very large scale. ■ *Laid before the United Nations in his noble address of December 8. The plan may, at least to begin with, be put into operation with or without Russian participation, and its probable effect may also be likened to the breaking up of a great log-jam in a river, which may threaten a wide area with flood and destruction, by the removal of a single log. Up to the present time, atomic energy development has been the monopoly of a small number of great powers, working in secrecy and chiefly on atomic weapons of the most dreadful destructive power, and the deadly armament race thus engendered under the universal fear, threatens the self-immolation of all the peoples of the world. The United States has time and again proposed a submission of atomic energy development to international control, with the necessary international inspection, but this has been obstinately opposed by the Russian rulers. The Eisenhower plan will not end this competition, but as the nations of the world turn to the open and co operative application of atomic energy to the arts of peace, both the fear and the rivalry will be mitigated. And as the great destructive forces which have been discovered are turned to constructive use, the world may shortly be so immensely benefited and such an era of general well-being may be ushered in, that it would be likely that deadly conflict between human groups would lose all point. 4

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