The 1010 normal Institutes

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Part of Philippine Craftsman

Title: The 1010 normal Institutes
Language: English
Source: The Philippine Craftsman Volume V (Issue No. 7) January 1917
Year: 1917
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Fulltext: 502 THE PHILIPPINE CRAFTSMAN TIIE 1010 NORMAL INSTITUTES. Compiled by Horace E. Cutler. According to the estimates of the principals of the various division normal institutes the average efficiency with which the class work was carried on was 86.7 per cent perfect. One report said that the 1916 normal institute had been pronounced by teachers the most successful ever held, in amount and quality of work accomplished, and in cooperation and good will among teachers, instructors, and officials. Another said that all teachers got down to work from the very start; there were no grumblers or fault finders; everyone cooperated; and all were out to get the most they could from the practical as well as the recreational side of the institute. Thirty-nine normal institutes opened for work on June 12, 1916. That of Oriental Negros began two weeks earlier. All of these, with the exception of those indicated below, closed at the expiration of four weeks. Cavite closed at the end of three weeks and Camarines was compelled to close because of cholera on June 26. The enrollment for 3 institutes is not available, but the total enrollment reported from 37 institutes shows a gain over last year of 407, of these 292 being women. Cebu had the largest enrollment, 462. Ninety-four per cent of those in attendance enrolled on the opening day and 96 per cent remained until the close. The enrollment for Albay, Sorsogon, and Mindoro was completed on the first day. In Bataan, Batangas, Bulacan, Isabela, Mountain, and Romblon the attendance on the closing day was equal to the total enrollment. There were 951 instructors of whom 68 were American, 882 Filipino, and 1 Chinese. Of this number 629 were men. Last year there were 111 American and 795 Filipino instructors. It can be seen that there was a little better than one instructor for every nine teachers enrolled. Less than 19 per cent of these had not received vacation assembly training. Nearly 49 per cent of the instructors spent part of their time in studying at the institutes. Oriental Negros and Samar each had 6 American instructors. Ten institutes reported none. For the Islands as a whole there was an average of 1 American instructor to 13 Filipino instructors. Pangasinan had the largest number of Filipino instructors, 54, as compared with 48 last year. Of this number 35 were men. BELATED SUBJECTS 503 A total of 67 courses were taught throughout the Islands. The average was 27, of which a little less than 18 were industrial. The greatest number of courses taught at any institute was 40, both Batangas and Laguna giving that number. In Cagayan all teachers took 5 academic and 2 industrial courses. The smallest numbers were given by Antique and Palawan, which reported 12 and 16, respectively. The greatest number of strictly industrial courses taught at any institute was 29, given in Laguna. Agusan and Mountain each reported only 11. The institutes were supported mainly by matriculation fees which ranged from 1*0.10 in Rizal to 1*1.00 in 21 other provinces. Tayabas charged no fee. Fifteen institutes received provincial aid ranging from 1*28.65, in the case of Palawan, to 1*400 in Photograph by Carl P. Claypool. Simplicity characterizes baskets made al the 1916 normal Institutes. Occidental Negros. The total expense for 37 institutes was P10,132.60, or Pl.24 per teacher enrolled. Fifty-five per cent of this was raised by matriculation fees. Social events were depended upon in some provinces for good portions of the neces sary funds. Iloilo raised P54 by a cinematograph benefit. In Batangas the expense per teacher was P2.58; in Occidental Negros, P2.12; in Davao P2.76; and in Ilocos Sur, P0.25. The cost per teacher was less than Pl in the following divisions: 504 THE PHILIPPINE CRAFTSMAN Albay, Bohol, Cagayan, Camarines, Laguna, Mountain, Oriental Negros, Palawan, Sorsogon, Surigao, and Zambales. A total of 4*2,078.94 in provincial funds was raised in 17 provinces or a little over 1*122 per province. Municipal aid ranging from 1*3.75 in Nueva Vizcaya to 1*67 in Camarines was received by five institutes. Athletic equipments cost 1*4.55 in Agusan and 1*84.95 in Union. Twenty-two institutes spent an average of 1*23.20 for this item. Twenty-four institutes had remaining on hand at the close, from 1*0.03 to 1*164.63. Last year 21 institutes received provincial aid; 13 charged a matriculation fee of Pl; the highest average cost per teacher was 1*3; and three divisions reported a complete enrollment on the first day. This year 15 institutes were given aid by the provinces; eight more charged a matriculation fee of 1*1; the highest average cost per teacher was 1*2.76; and again three schools completed their enrollment on the first day. Sorsogon has done this twice. The average instructor taught 5.4 hours each day, while last year he taught 4.5 hours daily. In Bataan and Pangasinan, instructors were employed 7 hours daily; in Cavite, Union, and Zambales less than 2 hours daily. In Bulacan, Cavite, Mindoro, Oriental Negros, Palawan, Surigao, Zambales, and Romblon, seven or more hours’ work was required of teachers daily. At Magallanes, Sibuyan, where the Romblon institute was held, all Filipino instructors spent part of their time in studying, while in Camarines, Laguna, Sorsogon, Union and Davao, instructors gave their time almost exclusively to teaching. In Batangas, Nueva Vizcaya, Pampanga, Romblon and Sor sogon, all instructors had been prepared at vacation assemblies, while more than half of Iloilo’s instructors, two-thirds of Min doro’s and four-fifths of Surigao’s and Davao’s had received no vacation assembly training. Last year there was 1 instructor with vacation assembly training to every 16 teachers. This year the average was raised to 1 for every 12 teachers. The length of periods varied greatly in the different institutes. Some of the greatest variations are given below: In Mindoro 55 minutes was allowed for all courses except athletics, the periods for which were 40 minutes. In Mountain, for most of the industrial courses, 150-minute periods were allowed. In cooking, periods ranged from 80 minutes in Oriental Ne gros to 180 minutes in Pangasinan and Batangas. RELATED SUBJECTS 505 In sewing, Rizal gave only 60 minutes to the work for each grade; while the average period was approximately 106 minutes. The longest period devoted to an industrial subject was 4 hours given to woodworking in Batangas. In Batangas 6 hours and 25 minutes were devoted to methods of teaching in each grade; in Zambales 55 minutes were devoted to this subject. Palawan gave 25 minutes to athletics and Tayabas gave 115 minutes. Pholog rnph by W. Ernest Crowe. A plcnio enjoyed by the teachers attending the division normal institute, Davao. Bataan gave 15-minute periods to phonics while about 50 minutes was the average time in other provinces. According to the recommendations of the principals, the 1917 institutes can be improved in the following ways: Three are in favor of a reduction of the number of courses. Two of those favoring this change were in institutes where courses taught this year numbered 23 and 24, respectively. One was in favor of more courses although 35 were taught this year in his institute. Early planning, appointment of teachers, and assignment of instructors. More attention to proper housing of teachers. Extension of camp plan. 506 THE PHILIPPINE CRAFTSMAN More attention to English. More stress on methods and phonics. More provincial financial support. Holding of institutes in the municipalities offering greatest financial inducements. Opening institutes a week earlier. Using of forenoons for academic and afternoons for industrial work. Holding of frequent round-table meetings. Having teachers of basketry and hand weaving bring their own materials. Beginning regular class work on the first day. Providing of blue prints and designs at least two weeks before the opening. Assignment of no teacher to more than three subjects. Outlines for the various courses to be given responsible parties passing through Manila upon return from Baguio. The forwarding of outlines in time to reach the division in dustrial supervisor not later than the opening of the vacation assembly. Allowing teachers proficient in their work to open schools at the time institutes usually begin, in lieu of attendance at institutes. Exemption of instructors from payment of matriculation fee. Careful and critical examination by instructors of all note books. Preparation and supply of comprehensive outlines in conversa tional English and methods of teaching with graded courses in each. Making the academic supervisor principal. Teaching of a course in efficiency. Use of central or high-school garden in order that teachers may get the experience of taking care of a garden already under cultivation. The teachers from one district of Camarines plan to try camp life at the next institute. Temporary bamboo and nipa shelters, the size of small tents, such as were used at the Baguio assembly, will be erected; a large shelter will be built for dining and social purposes. The construction work will be done by teachers, and it is figured that all expenses will come within the average amount paid by teachers for board and lodging while attending normals, as nipa can be disposed of at small loss at the closing of the camp. RELATED SUBJECTS 507 SUMMARY.