Forestry Leaves

Media

Part of Forestry Leaves

Title: Forestry Leaves
Issue Date: Volume VI (Issue No. 2) October 1953
Year: 1953
Language: English
Rights
extracted text: NATIONAL fl ' • FORESTRY ·-· ard S . Prentice ' . . TREES, MAN'S BEST FRIENDS -Euaenio de I• Cru• • OUR SERVICE TO THE PEOPLE -P. San Buenaventura • THE B.F. SPURS A NATIONAL FORESTRY PROGRAM UNDER JOINT PHILCUSA-MSA AID -NiCMIOr P. L«Joa MALARIA CONTROL SEED MUSEUM FOR THE C.F. -Teodotc Delizo • GEORGE AUGU.STUS FABRE -Francisco Tamo11m, TALL TALE FROM THE HILLS -Mani Baio • CHRONICLE OF THE FORESTRY -Julian Meimban Jr . • ADVICE TO FRESHMEN -Benjamin Batoon • HOW IT FEELS TO BE A FRESH~AN CAMPUS ·N OTE:; B.F. NOTES -Edmundo Corte• FROM'. THE MAILBAG FORESTRY IN THE NEWS EXCERPTS & ABSTRACTS SUNSHINE CORNER PlcroRJALS EDITORIALS VOLUME VI-No.~ - LEAVES .___ __ oA_~_-.an_o/_die_~ __ o/'_~_:o-i_~_, _u_:P. ___ t: Dr. Lillian Gilbreth planting at GSP camp, San Bartolome, Quezon City, September 12, 1953. OCTOBER, 1953Like the eternal rotation of moisture (clouds to rain to river to ocean to clouds again) , there is a constant turn over of solid elements on the earth's surface. If permitted to follow nature's slow course, no element in this terrestial scheme is wasted. But the impatier:it human race has broken the cycle and, in so doing, has destroyed more than it has gained. Our century is the first one in which man is trying to put back some of the riches he has taken fi'on'i the soil. Today, armed with new scientific. knowledge and encouraged by the work of suCh men as Fairfield Osborn and Louis Bromfield, every one of us should be a good gardener-citizen. The threat of war makes this cooperation with nature all the more urgent, suggests the need of a fullscale garden program to back up our growing state of preparedness. Every man, woman and child who can put hand to hoe should see that the land produces not only quantity but quality, since the nutritional elements which plants draw from the soil determine both our national state of health and of mind. National Economy and Forestry* By EDWARD S. PRENTICE Deputy Chief, FOA I welcome this opportunity of saying a few words to you who, in choosing forestry as a career, will be responsible for the wise use and maintenance, in the national interest, of the great and increasingly important forest resources of the Philippines. It is particularly appropriate to discuss forestry here in this beautiful Makiling National Park which, in view of its history, should be an inspiration to all foresters and potential foresters. I am informed that this area was developed, through the vision and efforts of D~an Tamesis and his associates, from a deteriorated cogonal area into its present flourishing condition. This is dramatic proof both of the recuperative potential of your forest soil, and the results which good forest management can achieve. You young foresters are entering the forestry ~cene at a very opportune moment, and your influence will be effective during a period which will deter~ine whether the forest resource will continue to be a national asset or whether it will deteriorate to a point when its poor, condition or complete absence will constitute a serious national handicap. Your predecessors have built well and achieved ~uch, but there are some severe tests coming, some real tough problems which will not permit you to relax and coast on the existing momentum. It is in connection with a few of the more obvious problems with which you will be faced, indeed with which you are already faced, that I would like to center my discussion on this m~ming. The solution to these and other problems will be principally your responsibility and will large• Speech delivered before faculty and 1tudent body October, 1953 ly determine the future c.Jurse of the forest resource. It is hardly necessary for me to remind this group that forests have two basic aspects. There is the protective aspect and there is the productive aspect. I feel that in the necessity of managing the forests from the viewpoint of a balanced perspective as between these two aspects lies one of the important problems with which you will be faced. The increasing shortage of commercial timber in the more intensively developed areas of the free world is creating heavy pressure on the great tropical forest areu which are less intensively industrialized and still timber surplus areas. As an indication of this trend the United ·States, a heavy timber producing country, has recently and for the first time in its history, changed from a net exporter to a net importer of forest products. Add to this the fact that increasing industrialization and increasing population in the exist-. ing timber surplus areas, including the Phil~ ippines, will also raise the domestic consumption, and it becomes evident that strong exploitive pressures will result. Thus, you will have to solve the pl'oblem of how to increase forest production in a commercially feasible way without resorting to the destructive types of exploitation with their resultant damage to both timber and soil resources. It will involve more than a matter of paying attention to the more obvious physical protective aspects of the forests, all of which are well known to you. Such matters as watershed protection, and protection against soil erosion are elementary to you, if not to of the Co11ep of Foreltry U.P. on Auguat 31, 1953. P• 1 the general public. But included in the protective aspect of forests, is the matter of national economic protection as well. It is not enough simply to avoid over-cutting or of maintaining a vegetal cover sufficient for soil and watershed protection. The quality of the forest capital must be protected as well as the quantity. In the United States large areas were cut over with insufficient attention paid to the effect on the quality of the succeeding stand. Each cutting cycle simply removed the best of what was left. It was frankly a process of plain ordinary "high grading." The result was that, in many places the minimum physical requirements for soil protection were maintained, but at a tremendous economic loss due to impaired quality. I hope you will not repeat our mistakes in the Philippines. I mentioned that the necessity of soil and watershed protection, and the role forests play therein are well understood by foresters if not by the general public. That is a very big and important "if not", and it brings up another very tough problem, one which is being faced right now and in which you also will be involved when you start to practise your profession. It is my impression that the vital relation of forests to soil and watershed protection are not too well appreciated by the general public here, especially by the important rural public. Too many people regard forests not as national assets, but merely as handicaps to agriculture. That i!I one of the penalties paid by a country rich in forest resources. In the United States, until only fairly recently, the same philosophy prevailed. The realization of the value of forests both for protection and production comes only after the effect of their loss becomes evident. 9ecause the Philippines has not yet sustained serious loss, we have the sad spectacle in many places here of kaiiigins on steep slopes and true forest soils, with the timber burned and wasted and the soil deteriorated and eroded. Legislation and co· ercion can lessen to some extent such illegal destruction. However, experience all over Pap 2 the world, and especially in democracies, has shown that desirable measures can be applied to the land only very little faster than the people are willing t.'.> accept them. You will therefore have to be salesmen as well as technicians. You will have to take every opportunity of making all the people regard the forest resource as you are taught to regard it here. Only when the necessity of forest protection is absorbed in the value systems of the people and becomes traditional will this pr.'.>blem be completely solved This leads directly t.'.> an additional although a desirable burden which is placed on the foresters of the Philippines. Practically all of the Philippine forests, 97 .5 percent in fact, are publicly owned All of the citizens, therefore, have a stake and a direct interest in their use. That means that the national interest must be paramount in all decisions made with respect to their management. That is a very simple statement to make, but frequently a very difficult one to apply. I could spend an entire day on a discussion of this one p.Jint without exhaust"' ing its possibilities. Suffice it to say that with respect to managing the forest resources its application requires a broad and balanced perspective, one in which all individual, group and society interests can be properly weighed and evaluated And it requires that decisions be made objectively with all pressures of various interests proportionately resisted You cann.Jt acquire too early this broad perspective which will give you a consciousness and a concept of the public interest which should be paramount in your professi.Jnal work. Fortunately, you have here a traditi.'.>n to help you. The excellent record of the Bureau of Forestry in operating in the public interest will be of· tremendous assistance. The problems I have mentioned by no means exhaust the list. I am sure you yourse!ves can visualize many more, and certainly your professors can add to the list if your own imagination fails. In discussing these problems it is by no means my intention to introduce pessimism, but rather to point them (Continued on page 45) FORESTRY LEAVES Trees, Man's Best Friends* Prof. EUGENIO DE LA CRUZ Chief, Div. of F'3rest Mana,gement, B.F. Mr. Canciller-Why do you consider the trees as Man's best friends? Prof. Cruz-In the course of man's adaptation to his environment, he has continuously been the recepient of manifold benefits afforded by the forest. It is inconceivable· how man could have attained the life and progress he now enjoys were it not for the services which the trees kindly and ungrudgingly gave him. Q.-Will you please elaborate on the services the trees have rendered and are still rendering to mankind for the benefit of our radio audience? A.-With much pleasure. The fundamental needs of man have changed little since prehistoric times. Indirectly, the forest ·as home and breeding place of wild animals and birds afforded food supply to primitive man and pioneer communities. In addition, direct products from the forest such as berries, fruits, roots, buds, leaves, and saps are easily available at any time. Besides food, man's need for clothing was easily provided by the simplest fashion of wearing a fig leaf and later wearing a more complicated article of tree barks or beaten bast fibers. He learned, no doubt that out of the skins of wild animals he hunted in the forest, a better and more durable clothing could be made. Today which is a far cry from the fig-leaf era, man uses rayon silk which is made from viscocised wood pulp and wool from wood Man's next need is shelter. We were taught that a cave was his first probable dwelling, but to protect himself from enemies he had to live in trees. He finally learned how to build wooden houses. As a matter of fact, wood has served man's need for shelter through the ages till the present. While it is true that substitutes were developed with the intention of replacing wood, it is beyond any shadow of a doubt that one can hardly find a house or building where wood does not form a major part of the construction. Q.-Truly the trees are the best friends of man. In their humble way they were and still are providing man food, clothing and shelter. Could you tell us some more of the services of these faithful friends, the trees? A-They are varied and numerous that I am afraid we shall run out of time to attempt to enumerate them: here. Take the humblest of all, firewood. One can hardly conceive the degree of benefit it has rendered to man from the time he learned to use fire. We have plenty of cause for rejoicing that our country enjoys the blessing of plenty when it comes to fuel wood. Yet if I were to ask one ~f you here today what type of forest product forms the greatest consumption of our people, the answer will be invariably lumber. This is far from the truth as it can be easily seen; our people besides quite a number of our local industries largely depend on wood as fuel for cooking. From the time of the primitive man to the present day wooden articles continue to play an important part in the household. The only difference perhaps is the remarkable increase of these articles and their transformation fr.:im the crude and simple designs to more elaborate finish as characterized by the advance in civilization. In place of the twigs used as pot-hook, the twig broom, the crude * Radio interview over DZFM, August 30, 1953, 7 p.m. October, 1953 Pap 3 basket, the wooden rice bowl and several roughly designed furniture, we shall find in modem homes luxuriously designed bric-abracs, kitchen wooden articles including the authoritative rolling pin, upholstered and earved sets of furniture, matched to a degree in design and color to pleaee the lady of the house, even to the last detail of her toilet articles. There are lots of things we see around the house such as the cellophane on a lamPshade the plastic electric fixtures, the linoleum, the pigments in paintings, the fabrics that adom the beds and windows and a multitude of things which we ordinarily take for granted. Q.-Have the trees served man in other form or capacities? A.-They did a lot to help him advance in civilization. The ease with which wood could be fashioned into various materials sharpened the ingenuity of man and made possible the evolution from the stage of wooden handled stone ax through the period of wooden ships and to the aeroplane era of laminated and sandwiched construction of modem designs. As a matter of fact it is through the cupidity of man to amass wealth, to expand bi& industries and pr.:>mote his agricultural pursuits that trees in almost every clime have been sacrificed, devastated. Unfortunately agriculture was not ~uccessful on all cleared lands, and the false· notion that removal of forests .assured the appearance of a farm eventually brought about abandonment of many poor farms with erosion of soil following disastrously. The untold hardehips which man brought upon himself such as soil erosion, destructive floods, ~bandoned farms and industries, etc. are &rim reminders of the ungrateful treatment he gave his best friends, the trees. In many parts of the world today efforts are directed to bring back the forest throU1h artificial planting and natural regeneration. Stands of naturally grown trees are now being conserved for science and for posterity. Even in cities and towns where forests were cleared to provide buildings and streets for the expanding communities there are now developing tree centers or parks as a belated move to show an everlasting gratitude ·to these great benefactors, the trees. In their cool shade one finds not only refreshing air but spiritual strength brought about by a happy communion with nature. The Philippines is no exception. We have done our share in the mistreatment of one of our rich natural resources, the forest. Like ether countries, we were prom.:>ting our individual interests as well as our national economy. We forgot to benefit from the lessons and experiences ·of other countries. For several years we have resorted to arbor day celebrations to bring consciousness to ·our people of the benefits we derive from the trees in our forest. It is . hoped that every year, Arbor Day will make more and more of our people aware that trees are ,Qur best friends. In closing let me quote .from the fine thoughts of Riley Scott: "In every science, every art, The tree has played a vital part; In peace and in war, on land and sea, Man's constant help has been a tree." From the song: THE BLUEBIRD OF HAPPINESS Tm poet with his pen, the peuant with hi• plaw, It makea no dillerence, who you are, they're all t1ume -haw. The kinf upon his throne, the jester at hi• leet; TM -1aoplirl, ti. actreu, the woman on tbe street. Ifs a lile ol aniles and • lile ol tears, Ifs a lile ol hopea and • lile ol lean. A blindital torrent ol rain and • brilliant burst ol ...., A. bitital te~tal pain and sparklinf, bubblinf lull. No matter whet you have, don't envy those you meet, Ifs all the ume ifs in the iame, the bitter and the BWeet. And ii thinfs dorit look so cM.rlul, just B1- • little liiht. For every bit of darkneBB, tmre's • little bit of liihf; For every bit of hatred, there'• • little bit el lore; For every deudy mominf, there'• t1- midniihf moon above. -BCA FORESTRY LEAVES OUR SERVICE TO THE PEOPLE* Interview with Forester P. San Buenaventura of the Bureau of Forestry. Mr. Canciller-Forester San Buenaventura, in general, in what ways does the Bureau of Forestry serve the people? Forester San Buen:iventura-The prime duty of the Bureau of Forestry is to administer the forests so that they can continuously and forever, produce timber and minor forest pr.:>ducts such as firewood, rattans, resins, tan and dye barks, gums, wood oils, nipa, etc., for the use of the people, not only of the present, but of the future generations as well. The next important service of the Bureau of Forestry is land classification. The Bureau is the government office entrusted with the duty of classifying all public lands. Such areas which are not needed for forest purposes are certified as "alienable and disposable land" and are turned over to the Bureau of Lands for dtsposition to the people in the form of homesteads, free patents, sale or, lease, for agricultural or industrial purposes, in connection with the land-for-the-landless policy of the government. Mr. Canciller-Th~e two functions are very important, but are there other services rendered by your Bureau for the people? Mr. San Buenaventura--Oh, yes, Mr. C,;anciller; the Bureau issues leases or permits on timberland for special uses, such as pasture,, hotel s~te, logging camp or sawmill sites, rights-of-way, etc. By law grazing lands are considered forests lands. Furthermore, the Bureau of Forestry c.:>nducts studies and researches on how to grow forest trees; on the u'ea of different woods, and on many other forestry subjects. One of the most important activities of the Bureau of Forestry is its reforestation work in different parts of the country, planting trees of economic value, not only to provide more forests in the future, but also t.:> help minimize floods and soil er .:>sion. Reforestation is done principally at the sources of destructive rivers. It grows trees in forest nurseries and distributes them either free or at cost, to government offices and private persons as well. Most of the trees you see planted along roads and streets and in plazas in Manil11 and in the provinces came from the Bureau. In some places the Bureau of Forestry hti developed portions of forest reserves and reforestation pr.:>jects as recreation grounds where the people in the surrounding municipalities now enjoy their week-ends. l particularly refer to our forest nurseries and plantati.:>n in Los Baiios, Laguna; Paroiso, Ilocos Norte; Caniaw, llocos Sur; Camp 7, Cebu; lmpalatao, Bukidnon; Mamlucal, Negros Occidental; and c;>ther places. The Bureau of Forestry also maintains in Bukidnon a plantation of cinchona trees whose bark produces quinine. It is the only plantation of its kind in the Philippines. If war comes again and we find ourselves dest!tute of quinine to protect us from the terrible scourge of malaria, we can look upon the cinch.:>na plantation in Bukidnon to amelforate our sufferings from such disease, as we, in Mindanao did during the last world war. It may not be amiss to mention here that the Bureau of Forestry during the war furnished the allied forces in A~tralia with quinine bark from this plantation. Mr. CanciIIer-Now let us g.:> to more details; how can a person be permitted to cut timber and minor forest products? Mr. San Buenaventur._Timber and other • Radio Interview over DZFM, July 26, 6:30-7:00 P.M. Oc$ober, 1953 forest products may be cut or gathered under a license issued by the Director of Forestry or his representative, or by the Secretary of Agriculture and Natural Resources, UI>on recommendation of the Bureau of Forestry. There are three kinds of license, viz., license aEreements, ordinary licenses, and iratuitous licenses. Mr. Canciiler-Who are entitled to Eratuitous licenses? Mr. San Buenaventura-Private gratwtous licenses are issued to any qualified pers.:m who will use the timber or forest products for his personal purposes only and n.Jt for sale or barter. The Bureau of Forestry has set aside communal forests for municipalities which request for them. Residents of a mundcipality may cut and remove second and lower group timber and minor forest products from such oommunal forests free oi charge, usually up.Jn permit of the municipal mayor. If first group timber is desired for personal use, about 30 cubic meters is allowed, but gratuitous license shall have to be secured from the Director of Forestry or the District Forester, on c.Jndition that the building to be constructed shall be of strong material. A house of strong materials is defined as one which has the posts, floor and sidings made of wood or material equal to or stronger than wood. Public gratuitous licenses are ~ued to public officials who ·will use timber for public works. Miners gratuitous licenses are for miner:. who will cut the timber within the mining claims and use them in the development of the mining claim. I may state that, as a policy, the personal needs of the people are given pri.Jrity in the disposition of timber and minor forest products from the public forests. Mr. CanciIJer-How are ordinary licenses secured? Mr. San Buenaventura-A person, corporation, or partnership may apply for a license covering a specific forest area. The area is inspected by a forest officer and if it is found to be vacant, the same is open for Pace 6 public bid (in case of application for timber, firewood, almaciga and lumbang nuts only). Certain conditions are specified in the advertisement for bid. The license is issued to the bidder wh.J is found to be most capable of operating the area, provided he is qualified to hold a license under the forest laws and regulations. Mr. Canciller-What is the difference b~ tween a license agreement and an ordinary license? Mr. San Buenaventura--An ordinary license is generally for one year duration; it terminates at the end of each fiscal year, re· newable every year upon application and c.Jmpliance with the terms thereof. A license agreement, under the present policy, is issued for a ten-year period, renewable for an equal period but not beyond 50 years. It is in the form of a contract between the concessioners and the Secretary of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Mr. Canciller-Are the timber licensees ac· tive in their operations? I understand that considerable amount of logs are now being exported. Mr. San Buenaventura-Most of the licensees are active except in regions where peace and order are disturbed. During the last two years ( 1952 and 1953) our annual produc· tion was about 2,900,000 cubic meters or 1,200,000,000 board feet. In 1952, we have exported 246 million bd. ft. of lumber and logs and in 1953, 427 million bd ft. of lum· her. Most of the sawn lumber were shipped to the U.S.A. and most of the logs to Japan. It is estimated that 500,000 people are dependent upon the forest and forest industries for livelihood Mr. Canciller-I suppose that the export of logs and lumber is a dollar-producing industry? Mr. San Buenaventurar-Yes, the value of our export logs and lumber during the fiscal year 1952, was over 16-1/2 million di>llats; and in 1953, over 23 million dollars. Mr. CanciIJer-Referring to your land (Continued on page 4 7) FORESTRY LEAVES The Bureau of Forestry Spurs A National Forestry Program under the Joint PHILCUSA·MSA Financial Aid By NICANOR P. LALOG Senior Forester The Bureau of Forestry has launched a notional gigantic forestry program to complement, among other things, the industrial and agricultural development program of the country. The program consists of the management of the forest, soil and water to place these important natural reosurces in a condition that will provide the greatest benefits to the greatest number of people in the longest time. It includes the rehabilitation and reconstruction of the U.P. College of Forestry, the only institution of its kind in the Far East that has gained prominence in training forestry professionals. The project is an expansion of the Bureau's activities and is entitled: Forest, Soil and Water Management, Including ~Iege of Forestry. This comprehensive project has, among other things, the following objectives: 1. To inventory the. growing stocks and to conduct forest surveY-s or demarcate the boundaries of public forests for protection recreation, exploitation, sustained yield, pasture purposes and conservation of wild life. This activity will enable the Bureau of Forestry to determine the extent and area of potential agricultural land that may be programmed for clear cutting practices so that lands that shall have been cut-over may be classified and disposed of according to the needs of the increasing population for agricultural land. On the other hand, the area needed for the stabilization of the lumber industry and other land uses mentioned may be surveyed, and protected from the wanton destruction done October, 1953 by settlers and thus, complete the long felt need for statistical data on land uses. Statistical data on land uses are param.:>unt in the economic and industrial development of the nation to obviate forest bankruptcy and national disaster experienced by other countries in the misuse of their valuable natural resources. Before going too far it would be worth-while t.:> explain what is meant by· forest inventory from the point of view of the layman. Forest inventory in forest management is not entirely the same as the taking of inventory of stocks in a large department store. The equipment for inventory of growing stocks consists of surveying and mapping instruments, volume tables, papers and pencils. The work may last for years depending upon the density of the stand, area of the forest, climate, topography and kind of maps desired A map of a forest to be managed under sustained yield shows the topography, drainage systems, types of forest, the species and their volume by business subdivisions, the road plan, method used in taking the inventory and accuracy and the annual cutting budget spread over the length of time required to have a mature forest crop again. A glance at the map should give an idea of the volume of forest engineering work, the teclinical personnel, lab.:>r and fund needed before a forest reserve could be placed under efficient forest management. 2. In the protection of public forests from fires and any form of illegal use, impetus in the implementation of the forest laws, rules Pap 7 and regulations, for the utilization of forest products, shall be given due consideration to the point that the forest could be conserved through wise utilization and to increase the present collection of over six million pesos by two million pesos which is the estimated yearly leakage due to lack of facilities and funds to defray the expenses of forest officers engaged in field work. A good forest management includes not only the establishment and development of forest business which covers the phases of tending ~cr ests and growing forests from seed germination to maturity, but also proper methods of harvesting of mature timber and general forest protection to assure the maturity of the residual stand for the purpose of the second cut. This means that forest management should cover the proper methods of logging, reproducing the forest by natural or artificial means and that harvesting must be done in such a way that the schedules for the annual· cutting budget must be spread over the length of time required by immature stands or the newly reproduced stands to become mature again. From the foregoing, it might be said that our well-developed methods of mechanical logging and lumbering as practised, are · the direct antithesis of forest management procedure because generally the aim of the lumberman in this country is just to exploit the capital va1ue of our forests without due regard to the future use of the land, without taking precauti;:,ns necessary to insure a future crop. This unsound practice of logging and lumbering together with illegal caiiigi.n will undoubtedly lead us into forest bankruptcy in the very near future if no drastic action is taken. To solve the problems of illegal caiiigin, land squatting, burning of pine forests, timber smuggling, and implementation of the regulations for timber utilization. and to be able to start in the first quarter of 1953-1954, the PHILCUSA is screening the peso budget needed to activate the technical personnel to conduct the survey for the location sites for Pap 8 lookout stations and their construction in the Benguet Pine Region. The radiophone equipment will be purchased from local producers to patronize local product&. This equipment will be installed in the lookout stations. It will be used for reporting outbreaks of forest fires and for directing the fire fighting force to the burning spots. The cooperation of municipal officials in apprehending timber smugglers is necessary to carry on the general protection program. Forest management is bound to fail in our country if all government officials, elected and appointed, will not cooperate with one another in the implementation of the forest and internal revenue laws. There is a need for a system ·of forest protection that shall insure the success of forest management. This means the practical implementation of the forest laws irrespective of political reprisal or consequences. With sufficient personnel. transportation facilities and funds to pay for their traveling expenses, vigilant patrols can prevent the people from violating forest laws. We all know the old saying that •an ounce of prevention is better than a pound of cure." 3. The stimulation of reforesting denuded watersheds, cut-over lands or non-restocking areas, barren or marginal lands and grasslands will hasten the restoration of forest productivity and promote the inherent protection value of vegetated watersheds in flood runoff, soil erosion and lowland aRri· culture. Reforestation and water control is a complementary project of gravity irrigation, river, water and flood control and water works also under the MSA assistance program. It is to be noted that these project&forestry and public works--are inseparable in the acceleration of industry, commerce and agricuture. The forestry project consists of watershed management through reforestation of denuded catchment areas, protection from fires, and illegal uses, such as excessive graz.. ing, caiiigin making and unreasonable timber cutting; whereas the public works projects FORESTRY LBAVBS consists of the construction of water structures, such as dams, reservoirs, revetment, floodgates, cut-off earth dikes and concrete embankments. Hydraulic functions of the watersheds in water and ftood control and in the prevention of siltjng of water structures have long been recognized. 4. The forest experiment stations will en· hance studies on the determination of the factors responsible for the establishment of natural and artificial reproduction in the cutover areas; growth and yield needed with data on' growing stocks in the determination of annual allowable cut and in the formulation of rules and sound practices of cutting and logging in areas for permanent forest purposes. Last but not least is the development of basic and fundamental forest research, the results of which, aside from being useful as material ·for instruction in the College of Forestry, can serve as basis for a more systema• tized forest investigation work. In the light of what have been stated above, it is conceivable that forest management ts ·faced by intricate problems which, however, can be solved by ( 1) silvicultural research or research in the growing of the desired products and tending our virgin commercial forests to perpetuity, (2) utilization research or research in making good logging and silviculture profitable, and (3) by a system of forest protection that shall insure the safety of the residual stands, and reproductions to maturity. It is evident that the methods of approach toward this direction is through well equipped laboratories and forest experiment stations. The American financial assistance is in the form of laboratory equipment and the counterpart fund is now being screened to implement the forest research program. As soon as the screened peso budget shall have been released, we can activate the technical personnel and begin the .construction of the forest experiment statioI;l buildings in the first quarter. The forest experiment stations will be esOctober, 1953 tablished where there are ·old existing reforestation projects so that the results that will be obtained will serve as the guiding principles in the choice of species and methods of planting. The criteria in the selection of the location of the experiment stations are the differences in climate, types of forest to be restored and exceptional importance of the existing reforestation project. The Central Forest Experiment Station will be established in the College of Forestry campus. It will be the policy to allow the students and members of the faculty of the College of Forestry to use the facilities of the Central Forest Experiment Station. The experiment station personnel will also be allowed to use the laboratory facilities of the College. Similarly, the stations and the reforestation projects shall take advantage of each other's equipment. 5. The reconstruction of the U.P. College of Forestry and the rehabilitation of the laboratory facilities will enable it to accommodate more students and turn out· more graduates with the advanced forestry training needed by the Bureau of Forestry and the lumber industry. The amount of $54,000.00 has been appropriated from the American financial fund to purchase the much needed labOt'atory equipment and PHILCUSA appropriated '¥'165,000.00 which should be matched with an equal amount by the University of the Philippines to finish the reconstruction of the building according to the plan and bill of estimated cost of materials slibmitted to PHILCUSA. It will be noted from the above objectives that, while the functions of the _project are closely related with each other, none of which overlaps. It will result in inefficiency in the attainment of any particular objective if one of the subprojects is not fully implemented. Inasmuch as the preparation of the report on the dollar specifications was begun only last April and the screened dollar specifications submitted by MSA in Manila to MSA (Continued on page 4 7) Page 9 Malaria Introduction According to Sir Malcolm Watson, a prominent malari.:>logist who has wo,rked intensively in Malaya, malaria is considered ·the world's public enemy No. 1. In India alone, malaria affects directly or indirectly . ab.:>ut 150 million people and is responsible for 2 million deaths a year at a cost of over 100 million p.:>unds. It was stated that there is little hope for improvement in agriculture in India so long as the rural population con: ~ues to bear this enormous burden of sick~pess. ·· Sir Watson showed that the reduction in mortality due to malaria was accompanied by a striking reduction in m.:>rtality due to other diseases. That malaria can be controlled even in hopelessly malarious places has now been established. A few classical examples are: a. The Zambes\ Bridge construction in . Africa. b. The Panama Canal construction. c. The Singapore Naval Base c.:>nstruction. Rural malaria in scattered indigenous populations in the tropi~~ presents at first sight an insoluble economic problem, but the number of victories over this disease by the use of nature's .own simple methods is growing in an encouraging way. It is now becoming evident that passive acceptance of malaria as a necessary evil is out of date and should ·be replaced by an active interest in the part ·of the community who alone can help medical authorities to achieve best results. Nature of Malaria 1. Three groups of parasites. The quartan-72 hours and fever every 4th day. The benign Tertian,-48 hours and fever every 3rd day. Pap 10 Control The malignant Tertian-48 hours with irregular occurence of fever. 2. Terminology. As a help to the fundamental· knowledge ·of malaria a few terms need explaination here: a. Parasite Index-Percentage of children having parasite in their blood and determined by using microscope and prolonged work. In gives important information but spleen rate is usually preferred. b. Sexual Cycle-Each group of parasites has sexual farms which go through a cycle of development in the mosquito lasting about 10 days. When the mosquito bites a person at this stage it injects into the blood the parasites which after another 10 days begin a new attack and s0 the vicious circle is completed. c. Spleen Rate-When a child is repeatedly infected with the parasite his spleen becomes enlarged. An enlarged spleen may be easily felt by pressing the fingers through the walls of the abdomen. The spleen rate is the percentage of children, preferably those born and bred in the area between the ages of 2 and 10 years whose spleen are enlarged and can be felt. Spleen rate which is determined among children only (adults do not show enlargement of the spleen caused by malaria) is a good indication on the degree of malaria endemicity in any particular malarious area. The malaria intensity of an area may be determined by the spleen rate as: Spleen Rate: Under 10%-healthy 10%-25%-low or moderate en&!micity 25%-50%-high endemicity over 50%-higher endemicity FORESTRY LEAVES J,.ecture givE:in by Mr, F. A. MaclPJ:g at the Mechanical Logging Training Cun{:.:re, Lo~ Pnno2. L!iJ?:n1s~ la;;;t l.Im:-~h 12, l9:7J. Mr. Ms~~ ~nf:s ~·rrr<r1<;'·!'ly r~it:~ t•1c-i H., t>,, C:Jl':J.r.;ge of tigricult.ure,Bu.r<:iau of Plant. :u··l.i.;J.st~('y aid G:ragor!.o ~T~nate., IlJCv / is now &tnployed as e11t~rl\t>lnriat of the Ch~ll Com~any of the Philippines. H~ hai:: mf:ri;l yee.'l's cf f h.: ld '31q'~rfonce in t.he ·control of insect pests effecthi.g Bf!ric~lt·.rce. N. B. Dn~ to an overnight> for which the editorial staff expresses its r;.;;g~""t."ts ~ tbe i:iuthorship of the article.'! entitled ttMaler18 Contrdt' wa3 'fr.d~.ngly ··11.s-m:-·ibto~ t.o .Prof.- Te~'.)ro Delizo. A short explanation is here given on the terms used above. Endemicity is the degree of malaria incidence in an area as measured or shown by the spleen rate. Where the endemiates are over 50% the area is known as having higher endemic incidence. Endemic malaria is usual in regions where the spleen rate is more or less constant all throughout the season. Seasonal malaria is usual in areas where the transmission period is not more than 6 months of the year. Here pre-immunity is not established and there is a marked swing in the spleen rate with tendency to epidemics especially during the presence of increased anopheline vectors. CONTROL OF MALARIA Since the parasites affect man and mosquito in its normal cycle, the disease can be attacked therefore at two points: a. The parB.Bite in man. By the use of drugs as treatment and preventive. (1) Quinine ( 2) Mepacrine ( Atabrine) ( 3) Pamaquine (4) Aralin The use of these drugs as treatment is best explained by medical malariologists. Sir Malcolm Watson, who is also an MD., concluded after extensive trials using quinine that: a. Quinine acts on the individual either by attenuating the virus or by increasing the resistance of the host. b. That the infected persons, though freed from clinical symptoms by quinine, might still remain infective so that in the presence of the vectors and new arrivals of newly born and imported labor, it will be impossible to eradicate malaria. After a considerable amount ·of experience on the action of the newer drugs mepacrine and pamaquine, an international committee on malaria control concluded that: In large malarial areas especially in the tropics, man's treatment using these drugs is October, 1953 impossible for various reasons, principal of which is financial. fo places where these drugs are being used often the treatment is carried out by laymen and practically no medical supervision is possible. In short, therefore, Sir Malcolm Watson said that eradication of malaria by drugs and prophylactic treatment is practically impossible at present because it is always hard to reach in sufficient time all inhabitants of aa area or even of a small village. Another important point is that control by drugs in considerable quantities is more expensive than the control of the mosquito. Personal Safeguards 1. The use of repellents. 2. Mosquito nets and boots. 3. In static conditions--screening of the windows and doors. 4. A regular dose of 5 to 10 grains quinine -a dosage found to reduce frequency of cerebral malaria and blackwater fever. Dosing must be regular, otherwise it will be dangerous because of gastric disturbances. CONTROL OF THE VECTOR This is the most practical method of controlling malaria and since this will mean control of the anopheline vectors, a short note is being given here to show that there are only 17 species known to be dangerous carriers. There are about 1700 species of all kinds of mosquitoes in the world Of these, 170 are anophelines. Out of this 170 species on· ly 17 are capable of transmitting malaria parasites. Of this 17 species only one or two species afflict any particular locality. To control malaria then, it is only necessary to concentrate efforts against the one or two species concerned and this involves a process known as "species sanitation." Pa1e 11 Advantaies for Larval Control as Opposed to Adult Experience shows that it is much better to seek out and destroy the m:>squito in its larval or aquatic stage in the breeding grounds than to control the adults. The new chemicals, however, such as DDT and Dieldrin may revise this contention in the near future. In the meantime, we give below the advantages of larval control. 1. Organization and supervision are more easily and exactly conducted in the open than in people's home. 2. It frequently brings in its train advantage to the community other than freedom from malaria-that is the improvement of the land by drainage. 3. Certain methods of biological control may be classified as permanent, in that the recurring cost of upkeep is cut down to a minimum. Approach to Contt~ Before setting down to the control proper of malaria mosquitoes, certain preparations are required. First and foremost is the question "Is malaria control necessary at all and if so to what extent is it economically justifiable.'' Malaria is frequently a very local problem. Areas not widely separated in distance may vary considerably in healthiness, according to their respective suitability for the propagation of the local vector. We should, therefore, have an idea ·of the density of malaria in the area or a picture of the ebb and flow of the malarial tides within a given area as revealed by the study of the spleen rate in relation to the sick, birth and death rates. As we have discussed earlier, the spleen rate is a good index to determine the malarial intensity of a given place. Spleen rate in areas of high endemicity is more or less constant, but in places where malaria is seasonal it is .subject to fluctuation and the area is liable to epidemics that may show a fairly well defined periodicity. Aside from the spleen rates we should also Pap 12 plot on squared paper the morbidity, mortality and birth rates of the place. Consideration of these data compiled over a series of years will enable one to form a fair estimate of the general level of health in the area in the past and perhaps to foretell something of its course in the future. As malaria is the dominating factor in the health of the community, the curves of morbidity and m:>rtaliy will show the seasonal incidence and occurence of epidemics. They should also be correlated with the rainfall humidity and temperature records. Another indication of the intensity of malaria in a given place is the parasite rate. Children form the main reservoir of parasites and the percentage of those between 2 and 10 years of age who harbor parasites in their blood gives an indication of the amount of infection in the community. This index, however, is not so reliable as the spleen rate because of the frequent fluctuations both in the community and the individual. After considering the above and having properly determined the degree of malarial intensity then the next move will be to decide on the type of control needed Should the control call for larval control, then 4 main points must be determined, namely: 1. The size of the area in which control will be necessary, that is the zone of protection. 2. The distribution of malaria within the area as shown by spleen rates. 3, The species of anopheline responsible for carrying malaria within the area as shown by dissection of the guts and salivary glands. 4. The breeding places. METHODS OF CONTROL At this stage we know now the vector and its breeding places. We are now in a position to choose an appropriate method of control. As hints we should consider that anophelines in general breed in clean water and different species show preference for varying degrees of stagnation or current, of shade or sunshine, or of other factors such as salinity. FORESTRY LEAVES The essence of control is water management in the broad sense, which includes any alteration in its nature to make it unsuitable for anopheline breeding, as well as mechanical interference with its area or flow. For purposes of discussion we will group the above methods to: 1. Natural 2. Mechanical The natural method embraces a variety of methods, some of which require aids from mechanical group. The first are: a. Alteration ·~ Salinity - Either by increase or decrease. This method is more .adaptable in coastal areas. Decrease of Salinity The reclamation of land Zuider Zee in Holland. As reclamation proceeds, the brackish dikes become fresh and A. maculipennis var. atroparvus, the vector, was replaced by var. nresseae, a non-vector. Increase of Salinity The conversion of a brackish marsh in Durazzo, Albania into a salt water lag.Jon by regulating the inflow and outlet of the sea and the consequent elimination of A. elatus the vector, and the creation of a profitable fishing industry. b. Alteration of Larval Food Supplies. The periodic emptying and grying of the sea water fish ponds on the coast of Java, whereby the thick surface growth of green algae, wherein both the fish and A. aundaicus larvae maintain themselves, was replaced by a bottom ,growth of blue-green algae which provided no shelter for the larvae but abundant nourishment for the fish. c. Alteration of Character of Breedi~ P30Is. By trampling or throwing in cut grass and shrubs to convert a pool of clean water suitable for anopheline into a foul fermenting swamp from which they turn away. d. Alteration of Light and Shade. By planting suitable thick gr.Jwing shrubs along the banks of narrow streams to turn their sunlight channels into dark tunnels, or by encouraging a dense growth of vegetation in the October, 1953 swamps. This method is effective against A. minimus in Assam. e. Introduction of Natural Enemies. The top feeding minnow, Cambusia, is the only one worth serious attention. It is a prolific fish in any climate but is handicapped by running water or ·matted vegetation. It is rarely that it can achieve complete control single handed but in time under favorable conditions it can exert a notable influence. THE MECHANICAL METHOD (The regulati.Jn of water flow or level) 1. Irrigation-In Java A. aconitus is the vector in the extensive rice growing areas. The irrigation ditches and field lying fallow were the breeding places and not field under cultivation. The problem was solved by keep. ing the ditches free fr.Jm woods and cutting off the water after rice harvest. 2. Flushitr4-Professor K. B. Williamson in Malaya had controlled A. ma.culatus, a stream-breeding vector, by a system of periodic · flushing. A dam at the head of the stream releases at intervals and the sudden flush of water strands or drowns the larvae. Judiciously applied, it gives complete protection at a low cost. 3. Dammi114f-Swamps and levels too low for successful draining may in suitable locations be dammed and converted into lakes. In effect this is a limitation of breeding area by substituting a large sheet of open water where anopheline will not breed. 4. Filling-.All holes capable of breeding anophelines should be filled. Examples of these holes are: a. Crab holes--These are dangerous breeding places and also because they may weaken embankments of a drainage scheme. In cases when these holes are numerous -poison the crabs using pois.:>n baits (Aldrex baits). b. Free holes--These are rarely dangerous in malaria work. c. Rock holes--Flushing or filling up. 5. Draining....-Rain water follows two main routes:Pap 13 a. A certain amount flows over the surface as "storm water" and passes out to the sea via rivulets and stream passes to the rivers and thence to the sea. In passing it may damage malaria drains but in regions afflicted by stream-breeding vectors it does a lot of good by acting as a natural flush. b. The remainder sinks into the earth and emerges at lower level as seepages which unites to form swamps. Seepages themselves are fav.'.>rite breeding places of dangerous vectors. These areas should be drained. Oil AdvantaAes of OilinA. Oiling is a term used to describe the spraying of oil on water to create a film. This film acts in various ways. The oil for anti-malarial mixture should have the following qualities. 1. It has a direct toxic action on larvae. 2. It changes the flora of a stream. In a stream that has been regularly oiled, the algae growing on the surface die. away, and are replaced by bottom gr .'.>wing algae. 3. It burns the weeds growing along the banks of the side pools and seepages to facilitate subsequent spraying. Rules to be Observed in PlottinA Out a Example of an Anti-Malariol Oil-Malariol DrainaAe System. 1. First of all find the proper outfall. Walk around the area and if necessary beyond the boundary in order to have a free fi.'.>w. At sea level tide gates may be necessary. 2. Plot out the levels and course of the drain. 3. Work out the subsidiary drains. 4. Work out from below upwards with intenti.'.>n of avoiding too much subsidiary drains. Drainqe by Dynamites. This is extensively used in the U. S. A. Its value in anti-malaria work is seen from a recent report from Palestine. The charges are laid in a series of holes 18 inches apart --the size and the depth of the charge re· gulating the size of the resulting drain. Dynamiting is cheaper and quicker than hand digging. Other methods of draining that require mention are vertical and subsoil draining. LARVICIDES The last method of malaria control discussed in this paper is the use of larvicides. A..i;; discussed earlier, the use of larvicides should be an adjunct to the other methods of control. The first larvicide to be discussed is oil. Malariol is an approved mixture ·of petroleum oils for the destruction of mosquito larvae by spraying on the water. It is approved by the Ross Institute of Tropical Hygiene Inc. in the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine with which the Shell Gr.'.>up of oil companies is in constant collaboration on this and kindred problems. Researches on How an Oil Film WcTks. It was shown that the toxicity of oil to larvae and plants and the spreading power on water depends on the aromatic contents. Mr. G. I. Watson tried to explain the mechanism of the lethal action of oil on larvae by giving the hyp.'.>thesis that heart muscle is affected. Properties of Larvacidal Oil. 1. There should be quick penetration into the breathing tubes (Not to exceed 10 minutes). 2. It should have a high spreading quality when sprayed on water. 3. It should also. as discussed alreadv, change the flora of a body of water and burn the grasses along the edges of the same b.'.>dy of water. Technique of OilitzA. It is important that the supply of malarial go as far as possible. Field experience shows that a film of a thickness of 18 microns is FORESTRY LEAVES attainable in practice and gives good results. This thickness of film gives a measure of 2, 7 50 sq. feet to 1 gallon of malarial. To achieve this we must train the personnel working the sprayers. He should:1. Keep the nozzle clean. 2. Build the proper pressure before the trigger shut-off is opened, to insure steady atomization. 3. Direct the nozzle upwards to get advantage of spread. 4. When .Jiling drains and streams, he should walk upstream at the rate of 2 to3 miles/hr. taking care t.J spray both sides of the stream. 5. Seepages and pools away from the channels should be marked with flags previous to the visit so that they will not be missed. Paris Green Effective for surface feeding m.Jsquitoes such as malaria mosquitoes but not against bottom feeders such as the culicines and mosquito pupae. Diluted in fine dust 2 to 5 % in large areas and 1 % in small areas. This strength has n.J ill effects on domestic animals, fish or crops. Its disadvantage is that it is not visible on the surface of the water. The Rockefeller Foundation uses it extensively in the extirpation work. Pyre thrum Gives a quick known knockdown effect. It must be in very fine mist. DDT-as used by MSA, WHO & UNICEF as an insecticide and larvicide (50%) with malarial, gives very promising results. Dieldrex/Diesel Oil/Sawdust Mixture This method controls both larvae and pupae. It is a mixture broadcast along sides of streams. The mixture consists of 4 fl. oz. Dieldrex 15 in 1 gallon diesel fuel. This oil soluti.Jn is then mixed with 1 sack of sawdust or fine sugar cane bagasse. DISCUSSIONS Q. Mr. Maclang. has altitude anything to d.J with the susceptibility of man to malaria? October, 1953 We have experienced this on the hill. We found that there are more malaria cases among those laborers staying below the hill than among those on the hill. A. Are the said laborers imported, I mean, are they not native in the area? Q. No, they are not. A. In malarial areas, imported laborers, especially those coming from non-malarial areas are the first to be affected by malaria. On the other hand, residents born in malaria areas have acquired pre-immunity so that they have more tendencies to resist malaria. Q. You said malaria is mainly a tropical disease. Is there no malaria in temperate countries? In the Mt. Pr.Jvince, it is said that the\'e are no mosquitoes. A. In H.Jlland, a temperate country, there was malaria but they were able to control it. There are mosquitoes in the Mt. Province. Q. Is there any possibility of a person contacting malaria by drinking water from a breeding area? A. According to the malaria cycle, the parasite is found in the m.Jsquito vector or in an infected man. In order to have malaria you have to get it therefore from either one of the above. Q. Since they are the carrier of the disease, could other mosquit.Jes get malaria from another mosquito? A. Not directly. Q. Does a carabao contact malaria? A. That I do not know. I have not seen a carabao chilling. Q. H.Jw long will it take for a person bitten by a malaria mosquito to c.Jntact the disease? A. According to the film "Malaria", 10 days. Q. Some people think that contacting malaria is dependent on the resistance of the person. I know a fell.Jw who was bitten by malaria mosquitoes 5 months ago but contacted the disease just now. A. That may be po5sible, but generally it is 10 days. Q. How long is quinine effective in the (Continued on page 26) Pap 15 Seed Museum for the College of Forestry By TEODORO DELIZO A.&9t. Professor in Silviculture, C.F. Befare the second world war, the Division of Forest Studies and Research of the Bureau of Forestry and the School of Forestry, University of the Philippines had a seed museum consisting of about two th.:>usand seed samples. Most of the endemic commercial species and several exotic species were represented. The collection started as early aa 1911 when the fieldmen of the Bureau of Forestry and the students of the School of F.:>restry were required to submit . samples. The early collections were placed in bottles provided with cork covers. All of these collections were lost during the last war. After the liberation, there was a great need of rebuilding the seed museum in c.:>nnection ·with the teaching of silviculture and allied subjects in the College of Forestry. The seed museum like the herbarium, is an essential part of a forestry college. There were received in the Divisio~ of Forest Investigation nursery in the Makiling National Park several assorted bottles fr.:>m the U.S. Army after liberation. These bottles were used in 1949 as containers for the samples that were collected by the students and personnel of the Division of Forest Investigation of the Bureau of F.:>restry. The use of different-sized bottles was found to be very inconvenient especially when placing them on racks and when labelling them. It was decided to use uniform-sized bottles. The "EGG<Y' sandwich spread bottle containers with the· screwed metal cap was selected. The "EGGO'' containers have the advantage in that the screwed metal cap when painted will last for a long time. Page 16 The present seed museum. Do your bit to enlarge it. From 1949 up to present, all students taking silviculture in the College of Forestry were required to submit seed samples as part of their work in the subject. This procedure enables us to build up the collection steadily as each class submits an average of eighty seed samples per semester. The disadvantage of this pr.:>cedure, however, is that most of the samples are collected from within the Makiling National Park and only a few come from the provinces. The collection has increased steadily from a few samples in 1949 to 936 seed samples represented by 114 families, 377 genera, and 534 species as of June 1953. Each sample is given a lot number and the containers are systematically arranged on racks to facilitate l.:>eation of each species. (Continued on page 46) FORESTRY LEAVES George Augustus Fabre The Ideal Forester By FRANCISCO N. TAMOLANG Forester, Bureau of Forestry Twice in a series of conv.Jcation in the College of Forestry, Dean Florencio Tamesis mentioned the world famous Forestry School at Nancy, France, which has produced great foresters. I recollected one those foresters from Dr. M. R. Jacob's lecture in Silviculture 2 two years ago on the forest of Mt. Aiguoal, one of the largest reforestation works in the Cevennes which our beloved Dean perhaps was fortunate to see. Certainly, I cannot escape condemnation by my colleagues for directing this write-up on a foreigner instead of colleagues who are equally entitled to the same merits, but this man who was chiefly responsible for a vast reforestation work should be known by us as an ideal for those who may soon enter the Filipino Foresters' Grove of Fame. The accomplishments of this humble forester can be summarized in his own words before his death: "I have been very happy, very happy. I have done what I could; if I had to recommence my life and career I would change nothing. If I had enemies I pardon them with all my heart." George Augustus Fabre was born in Orleans, France, of mixed parentage. His mother was an English woman and his father was a native of the Cevennes mountains. His early education at the Lycee of Paris determined his future vocation as a forester. He obtained the rare privilege of attending the science excursions conducted by Herbert, Munit:r-Chalmas and other geologists from whom he listened, watched and developed the habit of observation. He pursued his studies at the Forestry School of Nancy and gradOctober, 1953 uated at the head of his class. After graduation in 1868 he surprised his masters and the administration when he demanded the least coveted position in the upper Cevennes as "Garde General". He got what he wanted and served unswervingly in this capacity until the outbreak of the war in 1870 when he enlisted and served for two years as Captain of Engineers. This was his only infidelity to the forests of the Cevennes. He was not only a pioneer but also a persistent crusader of the belief "that in order to do any good, the forester must know the country in which he is situated and that the amount of good he can do is directly proportional to this knowledge of the country, realizing that frequent changes are bad for the forester and disastrous to the service." He knew his country so well, the labor resources of every village the capacities of his workers, and all that might be useful to the forest service. On the other hand, all the inhabitants of the mountains knew, respected and loved him. His great interest in them was manifested by his sincerity of purpose, encouragement, and even advice and help that were much solicited, without jeopardizing however his own nature of untarnished devotion to duty, unquestioned honesty, and clarity of his thoughts and words. Yet, he was not solicitous of vain popularity for he had only for the braggarts his good humored politeness or indulgent laughter "through which the more astute might see a mark of irony or pity." Many whispered that he was married, so to speak, with the reforestation work of the Pap 17 mountains of Lozere and Mende. Successively, he occupied the posts of sub-inspector in 1875, inspector in 1883 and conservator in 1900. But he was less seen in the towns of Lozere and Mende far he "disliked the life of the office where man loses fatally his personality." He went to the field as often as possible that people who came to see him at his meals or waited for him at a ceremony or a festival were surprised to know that he was gone. Into his mountains he went without escort and after a rapid inspection of the men and the work, he resumed his job always before the afternoon whistle. He travelled only on foot on the limestone plateaus and spurs of the Cevennes; his average size, "thin and lithe," had only muscles of steel to carry on a life of study and proficiency of his assignment. His modest meal was bread and cheese, but his large pockets bulged with field books, notes and scientific materials. However, he stuck to his desk assiduously as much as was necessary making and carefully studying his reports before dawn; often times he prolonged the day deep into the night to improve himself by digging into archives in order to help landholders within the reforestation area of their rights. He became well versed and abreast with all the articles abroad which might be ·of assistance in his reforestation work even before they were mentioned by tl~e journals in France. Ever watchful of new trends that were applicable to his country from Switzerland, Germany, Belgium and Austria-Hungary, he had already applied chemical fertilizers in his nurseries and plantations before others in the forest service knew it. In 1873 Fabre finished his Bachelor of Science and according to his professors he would make a brilliant teacher and scientist. It was then that to do honor to the Forest Service he acceded in 1876 to work with the Geological Survey of France aside from his already tough reforestation work. He collaborated extensively that up to 1909 he published more than 60 papers devoted chiefly to geology, botany and silviculture. For the Page 18 Geographical Dictionary of France he wrote hundreds of articles on the Cevennes and the south of France. Besides his paper on the geology of the Cevennes, he further explained in four days (actually in the field) before the Geological Society the whole subject which he knew after 25 years of patient study. As field demonstrator and chief excursionist he had. no equal. His technique was unsurpassed and marvellously clear so much so that in June, 1907, on top of the observatory of Mt. Aiguoal, he explained lucidly the geography of the Cevennes to the members of the Second Inter-University Geographical Excursion. Forester Fabre was admired most for his modesty. Proudly, he talked about his predecessors, like Surell and Demontzey, of their experiences and insurmountable difficulties that were soon conquered. From this slow and painful lesson, he had to show the results of 22,000 acres of young forests in Mt. Aiguoal where the past generation had seen desert and angry rivers, desolate villages left by tremendous ftoods. Yet, he was modest about having restored this mountain vegetation aside from his foresight that this vegetation could serve as living walls to support the roads, tracks, and footpaths at the critical points of erosion. These roads and tracks already marked on his maps were envisioned by him as the goal for the completion of his work. Unfortunately, Forester Fabre did not see his work completed for he was relieved of his a115ignment; but he knew that victory was certain and the Cevenne population nodded their heads in utmost appreciation although they were sorry about his relief. Before the workmen of the mountain dispersed and sought their fortune elsewhere, they accorded him honor by engraving his memorable service upon a slab of marble in order that it might not be forgotten by the mountain people of the future. The memoir was erected on the side of a road in the heart of the Aiguoal mountain, signifying the homage of a peoFORESTRY LEAVES ple who for nearly forty years shared with him his vigilant and discreet protection. For he looked after their welfare, persuaded them not to abandon their properties altogether but to change their methods of cultivation on unproductive soils by concentrating . their efforts on those of better quality and reducing their extensive work on 400 acres to intensive work on 30 acres only. Significantly, Mt. Aiguoal is the treasurehouse of Fabre's dynamic initiative. In deserting the country because of the necessities of life, the proprietors of the Cevennes wanted to sell their lands t.:> the State. Foreseeing the future shortage of labor, Fabre prevented them from deserting the mountains by acquiring not only their land and homes but he saw to it that the homesteads were not empty. Often times, when he could not make the buildings into foresters' quarters he made them available to workmen and their families. For "to allow a hearth to go cold, to allow a mountain cottage to crumble, is to dry up the springs fr.:>m which the country draws its power." ''We must find," he insisted, "the men who will come and live here in the mountains and give them c.:>ncession to enable them to do so; at least we would gain by having workmen on the spot without counting the advantages of a higher order of civilization." Faithful to his convictions Fabre crusaded to convince his colleagues and subordinates that "nature only acts slowly and that it is only in the beginning of things that she takes harm." "Patiens quia octernus," he loved to repeat, "We pass quickly! it is only a small thing that 30 to 40 years of activity should be consecrated faithfully to the improvement of a comer of the country; for her it is imperishable. We pass along, others will continue what we have commenced provided that we have done our work well." Besides this he emphasized openly the importance of plant succession in the reestablishment of a forest because in reestablishing the natural order of things it is imperative not to force and demand from nature the forest to deveOctober, 1953 lop before the soil is ameliorated. He was the master of the forest species of his country particularly regarding their :natural distribution, their reciprocal limits, the sites suitable for their growth, and their significance as site indicators. On the other hand, he developed an interest on exotic species which at that time was a "childish whim or a deliberate joke." A sagacious observer, curious of all that he could learn, little disposed to content himself with the dictates of circulars or regulation, he tried to implement this interest in his work. Having no funds to back him up he appealed to the generosity of tree lovers, nurserymen and bl taoists locally and abroad and was able to introduce in the Aiguoal mountain exotic species w'hich formed the kernel of arboretums in France. FOl'ester F!abre was one pf those ~ whose strong classic educational background was a source of superior technique. His perspective was broad enabling him to discover immediately the multiple bearings of the questions brought to him particularly the diverse phases. During the grand period of afforestation in the Cevennes from 1864 to 1870, certain species showed signs of weakness and poor growth. He left without special authority for the Balkans and the Caucasus and returned with many observations and additional knowledge which contributed to the solution of his problems. His departure was unceremonious· that one only learnt he had gone abroad three days afterwards. Quietly as his exit he would be found back at work in the morning to the surprise of his subordinates and workers. He was exceptionally a dynamic worker. Early in the ·morning or even before dawn, he started his daily grind. In his work he appeared tireless and simple, wearing his uniform only to conform with the requirements of regulations. He seldom attended clubs unless very necessary. When he was invited at the insistence of his people, he did not (Continued on paAe 46) Pap 19 •Fiction A Tall Tale from the Hill By MANG BATO (NoTE: The reader is advised to consult a map while readilW this yam.) To begin with, you all know that before I g.:>t this cruising job, I was purchasing agent for the Mickey Rattan-Craft Company of San Francisco wherever that is, although I suspect it's somewhere in Quezon City, but that's beside the point. And I then considered myself unlucky when I got a bare thousand-peso monthly commissi.:>n, but that's also beside the point because all I want to tell you is why I'm now here sharing this campfire with you-yes, why I terminated my services with them or, taking their point of view, why I was fired by Mr. Mickey. It all happened this way: Mr. Mickey received an order for rattan sofas t.:> grace the lounging coaches of the New Bicol Express Company's luxury trains. The specifications were strict. The sofas must run the full length of the coach and must be formed from one whole length of rattan-bent, coiled, and lo.:>ped to ·the desired shape. No joints were allowed-to minimize fungi infecti.:>n, they said, altho why they chose rattan, I still haven't figured out yet. Must be to les~ en the weight of the train, I guess, because I've heard it said that their locomotives were run on bakauan charcoal, rights from the swamps of Calauag. Well, there came Mr. Mickey's telegram to me at Casiguran where I happened to be at that time. The telegram read: "Get me longest Palasan canes you can find stop I mean longest Repeat, longest-Mickey." I knew that boss of mine too well, by gam. When he says longest, he means l.:>ngest, or else. Of course he knows how much I valued my job, what with the pay he used to give Pap 20 me, and he always said, "I give you a pay you like, so you give me· what I like when I like to have it." Try giving him something short .:>f his specifications, and, by gam, you'd better get clear before you get scalded by his steam. He'd be so mad his bellow could be heard from San Francisco clear to San Juan del Monte and the mothers there would quiet their children by saying, "sleep on, dears, that's only Mr. Mickey having ·one of his tantrums." Like that time he boasted about his strength and I tricked him into lugging the trunk of an anibong palm on his shoulder. But I'm getting off my track, so back to the telegram. It was a special order from a special boss, s.:> I decided to give it special attention by personally locating the specified rattan canes in the forest. So, with my camping gear securely lashed to the back of my dark, kinkyhaired native guide, Sub'-sub', I pulled out of Casiguran and tracked across the mountains inland in a westerly di.orection. For days, we searched the forest literally up and down far what I'd got to call as "Mickey's rattan." We went up ridges and down ravines, but all we found were the ordinary 100-meter long variety so common in those parts. Of course we encountered a few of the 300meter class, but Mr. Mickey's words, "Get me the longest," kept ringing in my ears, s.:> we had to go on although I began to wonder how long was the longest as we went deeper into the forest. I was about ready to give up when one afternoon, as we were about to make camp near a barrio called Maquebenga which is FORESTRY LEAVES about twenty kilometers from Dupax in Nueva Vizcaya, I tripped on a root and fell flat on my tummy. As my faithful Sub'-sub' was helping me up, he suddenly yelled and let me go crashing down again. He was visibly excited about the root that tripped me, for it turned out to be a ground-creeping rattan stem. Whether it was palasan or limuran, or what not, I was too tired to care, so I just said, "Sub-sub, follow up this one and find out how long it is," and I sat down to rest and wait for him. I didn't expect that one to be more than a hundred meters long, anyway. I must have dozed ·off because the moon was already up when I was awakened by Sub-sub who had just returned He was dancing and leaping and pointing at the rattan cane on the ground and excitedly repeating "Hodi! Ho-di! Hod, hod, ho-di!" Meaning to say, that we've found what we were looking for. He followed the rattan stem, northward, he said, expecting to find either its base or its growing tip not too far away. However long after dark, he still kept on walking, his face close to the ground, but neither end of the stem was in sight. We slept but lightly that night. Long before the sun was up, we had breakfasted and were on our way northward with our eyes fixed to the rattan stem on the ground Was it to be Mickey's rattan at last? The longest rattail I could find, he said, so here was what he w.:>uld get. I smiled as I thought of the fat bonus I'd surely get in turn and what I'd do with all the money. I was beginning to long for city lights again. But that was because I had no inkling of the disastrous effects to be brought about by the discovery of Mickey's rattan. Had I known, at that time, what the consequences would be, I would have right then and there slashed that accursed cane to pieces. And I never would have filled Mr. Mickey's order though he bellowed till the rains fell or till the soldiers at Camp Murphy rushed to his office at San Francisco del Monte. Sub-sub estimated our find to be about a kilometer long at most. I believed that it must be a bit shorter than that for I've long October, 1953 been in the rattan business and have seen many long beauties and export grade at that but never more than half a kilometer in length. I expected that before nightfall we'd find either the base 'Of that rattan stem, or it's growing tip which I knew would be climbing up a tall timber tree. But the day passed, and the next day and the next, with the tip of the rattan still nowwhere in sight. Thus we followed it up day after day in the forest through dense underbrush, and I got so weary that I lost track of time. Sub-sub only grunted once in a while. Other than that, n.:> word passed between us except when I cursed the bikal and vines that blocked our way, or when a jutting rock or a root would trip me flat on my tummy, which, by now was pretty badly bruised Our supplies had long run out and Subsub had to provide for us both by catching fish in streams with his bare teeth. At least that's how I thought he caught them because he'd swim underwater in a shallow stream and come up with a fish clamped between his teeth and one in each hand This we'd eat after roasting, lightly sprinkled with ashes, for we'd ran out of salt. N.:>t till then did I learn to crave for salt. I even imagined that if, someday, I'd like to torture somebody, I wouldn't starve him but instead would feed him on a saltless diet. If you'd like to find out how it tastes, try it yourself for a whole week in the forest and call me a liar if, after a few days, you don't learn to lick the ashes of your camfire. They say that's what the deer do, but I'm not sure, really, for I haven't yet seen one do it. All I know about the contact between deer and salt is when Sub-sub sometimes gave me salted deer meat, and it tastes fin~ indeed. It must have been on the twentieth day that we found ourselves in the foothills of the Sierra Madre east of Echaque, lsabela, for the rattan stem, still creeping on the ground, had gradually veered in a curve towards the northeast. Still we walked on, our eyes to the ground, but we made quicker time for the terrain there was no longer very rugged. One day, as we were at a p.:>int between Pap 21 Ilagan and Palanan where the ground was fairly level, we entered a dense grove of catmon trees. It was like entering a cathedral because it was very quiet and dark under those trees. The moist ground was practically free of underbrush and in the dim light, Sub-sub discerned another rattan stem coming from the west and curving northward to run parallel with the one we were fallowing up. The two stems were but one meter apart, laid on the forest floor like a railroad and I was overjoyed at this other discovery for it meant that we now had tw.:> longest rattans for Mr. Mickey and could mean also, a double bonus from my boss. But as I said I did not know yet at that time the awful consequences of that discovery. Sub-sub and I trudged on between the two parallel rattan stems, heads bowed, for the forest was dark although it was about noon time and far ahead, as from a tunnel, a faint glimmer of light showed where the catmon grove ended and where an open talahib · area stretched ·out northward. I was plodding on ahead of Sub-sub, my eyes on the barely discernible rattan stems, when suddenly there came a loud grunt and a squeal from a mound of leaves I stepped on. Something ponderous and dark heaved and crashed against my thighs. The thing sent me sprawling on my back. Sub-sub laughed at me as he pointed .~t a large wild pig that scampered away for I. must have frightened it in its sleep. For a moment I lay there on the ground and then my eyes went wild as, in the dim light, I perceived clumps of beautiful blue, white and blood-purple flowers hanging above, which can only belong to orchids. Sub-sub gasped as he too, looked up, for there clinging to the branches of the trees, were the rarest most beautiful orchids to stagger any orchid fancier. There were Dendrobiums, victoriae re4inae and sanderae; Vandas, sanderiana and merriilii, and hosts of other species I couldn't momentarily identify, all blooming at the same time. We realized then, why that catmon grove was so darkened. For as far as our eyes could see, the whole catmon grove which covPage 22 ered about fifty hectares, was a vast natural orchid nursery, with each of the trees laden with orchids thicker than the leaves of the catmon trees themselves. The orchids clinging to the branches of the trees were so plentiful and so thick that they cut off the sunlight. Sub-sub was for st.:>pping right there, to make our fortunes with those orchids, he said, but I reminded him that we still had to get a permit from the Bureau of Forestry, I being a law-abiding man, and Mr. Mickey's words "Get me the longest rattan!" kept ringing in my ears, so I persuaded Sub-sub tog.:> on with me and come back to collect the orchids later. So we plodded on northward along the western foothills of the Sierra Madre. The two parallel rattan stems went on up a little unknown volcano which must have been Mt. Cagua near Gonzaga, Cagayan and on and on, ever northward up the Sierra Madre till we sighted the sea and far off Cape Enga:iio. Farther off we sighted Camiguin Island across the Babuyan Channel. At this point, the two parallel stems began to separate, so I t.:>ld Sub-sub to follow up the one to the left while I kept on tracking the other one which we discovered first at Dupax, Nueva Vizcaya. Sub-sub and I were never more than five meters from each other, separated only by thick underbrush. Then, just as the rattan stem curved to the left behind a large apit.:>ng, imagine my surprise when I bumped into Sub-sub. He was as astonished as I was because it turned out that the two parallel stems were one and the same but a contlinuation of each other, having grown northward, curved around that large apitong tree and gr.:>wn on back southward through the whole length of Cagayan province and half of Isabela. I deduced that the stem at the western side must be the growing point because it was softer and greener than the other one and the tip must have been somewhere in the Mountain Pr.:>vince across the Cagayan River since it curved westward just above the vicinity of Ilagan, Isabela. Sub-sub and I placed markers near the rat( Continued on pa4e 44) FORESTRY LEAVES Chronicle of the Forestry Leaves By JULIAN R. MEIMBAN Jr. It might be said that the F·.:>restry Leaves started from nothing, a seemingly impossible thing to happen. It all started in one of those lean years when the smoke and fire had just ceased; the cessation of hostilities leaving nothing but the ravages of war. That was in 1946. One can only look back in retrospect to the beautiful buildings of pre-war years like the spa~ious administration building, the wellkept dormitories, mess hall and faculty houses that once dotted the Makiling Forestry campus, through the shambles and ruins left by the cruel war. This was no less than a catastrophe! Nevertheless, the School of Forestry, one of the buildings saved from the Japanese hell-fire, had to open its portals to returning old students as well as new enrolling ones. The pressing need of the time was for a medium of information to bring the students cl.'.>ser to the alumni through an organ. This was the idea conceived by two, Prof. Jose B. Blando, Professor of English and Spanish and Mr. Francisc.:> Tamolang, Instructor in Dendrology, then only a senior student. But there was nothing from which to start with. Not even a single centavo to finance it! Somehow something had to be d.Jne. It is very interesting to note, that the Division of Forest Investigation of the Bureau of Forestry, donated the first stencils used for this organ. Nevertheless, that was not all that was needed to put up a publication. Paper was wanting! T.J remedy the situation, Director and Dean Florencio Tamesis took care of supplying two reams of mimeograph paper. This was probably the only October, 1953 available paper in Manila at that time. Articles and materials for the first issue were prepared on the Forestry campus and were brought to the Bureau of Forestry in Manila far mimeographing. Credit go to Mr. Manuel de Guzman, its first editor and to Mr. Epifania Caldito, a Bureau of Forestry helper, for running the first issue on the mimeograph machine. Lack of paper, stencil, ink and other necessary materials for mimeographing 1imited the first issue to only two pages which contained school news and literary articles of students. Two hundred copies were mimeographed, which were circulated in the School of Forestry and in the Central Office, Manila. The increasing need and avid desire of the students and alumni for an organ to bring them closer necessitated more copies. The second issue was composed of eight pages. It contained some school and alumni news, dendrological features of Philippine trees, and some civil service review questions which aroused interest among readers in the field. The third issue came ·out in March 1947 with Mr. Manuel de Guzman still as editor and Mr. F. Tamolang as managing editor. The Forestry Leaves, as it was named, has undergone a series of improvements. From the two-page mimeographed form to the twenty-page mimeographed form. Its front cover was embossed with the strokes of a foresterartist and its inside pages consisted of school news, field and alumni news and literary articles of students. This issue was mimeographed in the School of Forestry, by Mr. Pedro Rodriguez, a Bureau of Forestry helper. It is of record that our Dean and Director Page 23 Florencio Tamesis gave all in all ten reams of mimeographing paper for the first three issues. No one ever thought that this simple organ would hold the kind interest of its readers considering the way it was printed. Neither did it come into our heads that someday this little thing would pass through modern printing machines, nor did we ever think that it would be fitted for wide circulation, even beyond the bounds of our country. This was a thing to be tried out; the responsibility reposed up.:m the student body of the School in their desire to bring themselves closer not only to the alumni but also to other forestryminded countries of the world. In 1947-1948, voluntary contributions were solicited from field men, alumni, lumbermen, Bureau of Forestry personnel from Manila the Division of Forest Investigation, and from faculty members of the College, then School of Forestry. Much to our surprise the final counting showed that the funds amounted to over 'P3,000.00. Part of this sum was used to purchase a public address system, the proceeds of which during Sundays and holidays were reverted to the general funds of the Forestry Leaves for its operating expenses. (The public address system was later donated by the Forestry Leaves to the College of Forestry). . Contrary to what we thought, the Fcrestryo Leaves finally saw its way through the printing press; its front cover made more attractive and beautiful, more symbolic of the profession for which it stands--hon:>r, service and conservation. From the two-page antiquated and mimeographed form, it swelled to a one hundred twenty four-page magazine containing articles of importance, field news, scientific researches, abstracts, pictorials and messages of high government officials. The first printed copies were circulated free to the students, alumni and some lumbermen to attract subscribers and advertisers. The following year, 1948-1949 alumni and field men sent in their subscriptions to the Page 24 Leaves. A good · number of advertisers inserted their advertisements for the first time. Students subscribed to the organ. Mr. Cesar Recto was the editor. Soon after there was a need for a change of the staff and board of management of the Leaves to take over the positions left by graduating members. In 1949-1950 the Leaves was edited by Mr. Carlos Cunanan; foreign exchange and domestic delivery was started. Exchange publications received after they were turned over by the Leaves became the property of the Library of the School. It is of record that the thickest issue ever published was the 1950 Golden Anniversary Issue. This marked the fiftieth year of worthy achievements and fruitful existence of the Bureau of Forestry since its founding in 1900. In this issue different messages of government officials, abstracts digested from scientific journals and magazines, articles from forest districts, and pictorials taken here and abroad were published. The number of subscribers and advertisers increased, which made possible the continuous publication of the organ. Mr. Edgardo Mabesa succeeded Mr. Carlos Cunanan as editor. In 1951-1952 the publication continued in print. All students enrolled in College subscribed to the organ; advertisements from different provinces poured in as usual to back up the publication. Provincial foresters buckled down to help solicit subscriptions and advertisements. With Mr. Martin Reyes as editor, a separate pamphlet containing important forestry terms was printed as a project of the Leaves to raise funds. It was called "Glossary of Lumbering and Forestry Terms". This was designed for the use of reviewers for civil service examinations, for field men and for students. The editorship was turned over to Mr. Benjamin Almonte in 1952-1953. Funds of the Forestry Leaves were almost depleted due to the slackening of advertisements. But the organ managed to remain in circulation through donations given by some alumni and FORESTRY LEAVES field men, together with the yearly subscriptions of the students of the College. Only two issues, October and March 1952 Graduation Issue, were printed for the whole year due to lack of funds and high printing rates that prevailed. Dating from 1946, exactly seven years since its first publication, the ForestrY' Leaves is as evergreen as it was before. The adviser, staff and management of the Leaves are very grateful to its subscribers and advertisers, to the lumbermen, alumni and students of the College for their financial and moral support, without whose help this publication would have died as most college organs a natural death. Today, the Forestry Leaves maintains a foreign exchange service with 25 different Universities, departments and other government entities abroad. The following is a complete list of the foreign exchange publication with their address: 1. The Director, Forestry Branch, Department of Resources & Development, Ottawa, Canada. 2. ·The U.S. Forest Products Laboratory, Madison 5, Wisconsin, U.S.A. 3. The Office of Agricultural Publications, 22 Giannini Hall, University of California, Berkeley 4, California, U.S.A. 4. The Forest Service, California Forest & Range Experiment Station, 347 Forestry Building, P.O. Box 245, Berkeley, California, U.S.A. 5. The Timberman, 519 S.W. Park Avenue, Portland 5, Oregon U.S.A. 6. The Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1201 Connecticut Av11nue, Northwest, Washington 6, D.C. U.S.A. 7. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. U.S.A. 8. Prof. C. F. Korstian, Dean, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A. 9 . Miss Jean Ericson, Librarian, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, 3, Lousiana, U.S.A. 10. Mr. John H. Hinman, President, International Paper Co., 220 East 42nd Street, New York 17, U.S.A. 11. Mr. E. H. Hall, 2174 Fairmount Boulevard, Eugene, Oregon, U.S.A. 12. The U.N. World Inc., 1309 Noble St., Philadelphia 23, Pa., U.S.A. 13. The Editor, 205 Prospect Street, New Haven 11, Connecticut, U.S.A. October, 1953 14. The Service Bureau, American Wood Preservers' Association, 111 West Washington St,, Chicago 2, Illinois, U.S.A. 15. The Soil Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, l>.C. U.S.A. 16. Mr. William C. Makins, Food and Agriculture Organization of the U .N., Viale delle Terms di Caracalle--Rome. 17. The University of Illinois, Agricultural Experiment Station, Department of Forestry, Urbana, Illinois, U.S.A. 18. Prof. J. Nelson Spaeth, Head, Department of Forestry, Urbana, Illinois, U.S.A. 19. Prof. M. I. Hulme, Librarian, Division of Forest Products, South Welbourne, Australia, 20. The Washington Institute of Forest Products, University of Washington, Seattle S, U.S.A. 21. The West Virgini.1 Pulp & Paper Co., Covington, Vriginia, U.S.A. 22 . P.rof. Robert W. Hess, 205 Prospect Street, New Haven 11, Connecticut, U.S.A. 23. Mr, Joel F. Frykman, 814- 17th St., Cleveland, Tenn., U.S.A. 24. Col. Barrington Moore, Stone Acre Corft., Taunton, England. 25. Mr. F. J. Barns, 111 West Washington St., Chicago 2, Illinois, U.S.A. In line with the policy of the Bureau of Forestry in disseminating forestry knowledge through propaganda and press relations work, copies are sent to different public and private high schools in the country. Consequently, every year is marked with an increase in student enrolment of our College. It is very gratifying to note that the Leaves is indeed doing a ye.Jman service. It is hoped that in the near future the idea of forest consciousness and wise conservation of our forest and natural resources will be fully carried out and realized by the consuming public. It is fervently hoped further that the stupendous achievement of this, our organ in linking the students, alumni, lumbermen and businessmen in the lumber industry and other industries, will be carried on through the long years. It had been started auspiciously. It must continue to succeed. May the Forestry Leaves always remain evergreen. One of the sanest, surest, and most generous jo)'I of life comes from being happy over the good for· tunes of others. Page 25 Advice to Freshmen By ~ENJAMIN M. BATOON '55 The forestry campus is beautiful but life on it is not a joke. Seriousness of purpose and great determination are great essentials. Like a loving m.:>ther she opens her arms in welcome. Take advantage of her healthful environs. Like most college students here, you will have to work and study hard through the course. You must carefully budget your time. A student who succeeds is one wbo plans out his work and follows the schedule strictly. He is one who undertakes the tedious task ·of learning something; understands his duties and responsibilities; believes in advance preparation to insure good results in the work he does and knows why he is in college. Be courageous. There are many obstacles MALARIA ... (Continued fr~ page 15) body? Won't a person get stomach disorder taking this drug? A. A physician could very well explain the answer to your first question. With regard to the second question, provided you take it regularly you will have no gastric trouble. Q. Can we use quinine in blackwater fever? A. According to Dr. Watson, we can use it. Q. Is it true that a drunkard does not get malaria? A. Maybe he gets malaria, but because he is drunk perhaps he cannot feel it. Foggin4 & Sprayin4 Equipment As per arrangement made by Technical Department with the National Merchandising Corporation, their Mr. Fabian also gave an on-the-spot demonstration on malaria and other insect control with their Microsol fogging and spraying equipment. Page _26 on the way waiting to challenge you. Accept the challenge. Roll up your sleeves and tackle the task you have to do. Don't envy the upperclassmen. They have gone through the same situations that you face now. They took up the challenge and fought. They expect you to do the same. The good assets which you have built in the years past · must be guarded well Life in this college is entirely different from the easy home life that was yours before you came here. Subjects are brainwracking and field work is back-breaking but always bear in mind that there is no rosy path to success. The tougher they come the stronger you should be. You may not like your professors and instructors but later on, you will leam to like and love them. The skull cap on your head is without doubt, a bother. Traditions are part of this college; they really belong, you must follow them. To become the Foresters that you dream to be, at the very start, mold and train yourselves; be diligent and persevering in your studies; observe traditions and follow regulations; engage in healthful recreations. Follow all these and your dream will become a reality NATURE'S BEST "If I were to choose the sights, the sounds, the fragrances I would want to see, hear, and smell, among all the delights of an open world on a final day on earth, I think I would choose these: the clear ethereal song of a white-throated sparrow singing at dawn; the smell of the pine trees in the heat of noon; the lonely call of the Canada g-; the sight of a dragon fly glinting in the sunahine; the voice of a hermit thrush far in a darkening woods at evening; and-moat spiritual and moving of sight&-· the white cathedral of a cumulus cloud floating serenely in the blue of the sky." E.W. Teale FORESTRY LEAVES Moving Up Day Scenes 1. Hon. Antonio de las Alas, guest of honor, 1953 Moving-Up Day. 2. Dean Tamesis introducing the guest of honor. 3. Guest of honor planting a narra seedli1Jg assisted· by Dean Tamesis as guens, faculty members and graduating class look on. 4. Mrs. Tamesis cutting ribbon to senior class donation of concrete pergola and fountain 5 . Dean Tamesis awarding one of the prizes for the tenth annual oratorical contest to MaHere & 'There Mrs. Lloyd Andenon and Mayor Valderroaa cutting ceremonial ribbon assisted by Forester Fernandes during the inaupation of Di•t. 44 office, Baailan City. Personnel and gunt• at Diat. 44 Headquarteta during inauguration. Director Tlltnffi• in banquet liven in hi• and For. W. L. Goocll• honor by Davao lumbermen. Alter an enjoyable evenitllf, 1ue1t• and hoat• depart. Prize-winninl forestry float in In· dependence Day celebration at Pto. Ptinceu, Palawan. Campus Doings Fremie• talce oath administered by Forester in Charge C. Mabeu. American guetlte from the USIS and part ol audienc.e. Prize-winning skit preaented by 1eniore during 11tJJOlcere. How it Feels to Be a Freshma11 By EDMUNDO V. CORTES Many a student will, undoubtedly, find how sweet and disgusting life is during his first year in college. To many, it means a lot of things; to some, nothing but ordinary days to while away. Generally, however, the first year stay in college means the start of an arduous fight, where one has to exert efforts with all the vim and vigor that one can muster. It is a stage where the student starts life anew amidst new environs, after dependently living with his parents during his secondary school years. It is an age of pride and timidity, of uncertainty and inferiority of intellect and of challenge among aspirants for honors. Stepping for the first time inside the unfamiliar rooms of the school, he is faced by various problems. The first thing he has to tackle is an enrolment form confusingly long ahd detailed. After accomplishing this, the registrar tells him to go to other school officials for more tiresome requirements. Being a greenhorn whp knows no more than the atmosphere of his high school life, he pauses for a while, looks over his enrolment papers, and decides where to go. After mustering a little courage, he timidly approaches an old student nearby for assistance. Such is but the start ·of a series of hardships and enjoyment, of ease and discomfort, of triumphs and failures he is destined to experience. He learns to respect and follow superiors, and to spend every bit of his time to the best of his advantage. His fate in this first rung of the ladder will determine whether he can or cannot proceed to the next step. He knows that nights spent religiously with his lessons will bring him the bright prospect of success which in tum will serve as a 'strong foundation for his following years in college. October, 1953 A freshman usually carries that proud air of being a college student, more so if he is an honor student. Comparing college life to his high school days, he feels superior and more privileged, because he derives benefits he has not had before, living in surroundings much better and healthful, perhaps, than home environment. At times, he seems to be smart in both speech and action whereupon he is trimmed or dressed down by his instructors and seniors. In most cases, however, he appears bashful and stand-offish. He is careful with his actuations and dare not utter words that may hurt somebody. A greater portion of his class hoilrs is spent by remaining tight-lipped in his seat, fearing that his attempt to recite might result in failure and embarrassment. He is intermittently in states of uneasiness and dicomfort. Most often, to his surprise, his instructors and senior students give him renewed inpiration to "feel at home" and study harder. He never fails to envy them. At times, when feeling low and discouraged, he asks himself, ''How long do I have to suffer these hardships?" Whereas his first days in college are not very encouraging, as soon as he adjusts himself to his new environ, the latter days will be marked with pleasant hours of relaxation favorable conditions and well-earned joy emanating from the fruitful results of his head-cracking moments in the struggle for self-improvement. The lonesome hours that he used to spend at the start of the school year have transformed themselves into enjoyable periods and pleasant companionship as he begins to gain friends and gets acquainted with his surroundings and under~ stands better his teachers and professors. Page 27 • CAMPUS SBO ELECTIONS Shortly after classes started, the student body held the elections for the SBO officers for the school year 1953-1954. The usual campaign posters, leaflets and word of mQUth campaigning swamped the campus. For the benefit of the freshmen and the candidates concerned, rallies were held on the eve of election day wherein drinks and smokes flowed and swirled to everybody's delight. When the final ballot was canvassed at the end of election day, the following students found themselves elected by convincing majorities over their respective opponents: President •..•......•.. Vice President ....... . Secretary ............ . Treasurer ....•...•... Auditor •..•.......... Athletic Manager ..... . Sita. at artr111 • • . . . • ••. Rep. to the Philippine CoUelian ...•......• Senior U.P. Student Council Rep. • •.•.••• Junior U.P. Student Council Rep. ' .•.•.•.. Adviaer Buenaventura Rodrigo _Eduardo Llapitan Lucio Quimbo Modesto Tobias Romeo Valdez Alfredo Eugenio Victoriano Ladero Quirico Tan Jose Ilagan Julian Meimban Jr. Florencio Mauricio Prof. Eugenio de la Cruz • • • GOOCH CONVOCATION A special convocation was held by the student body in bidding Forester Winslow L. Gooch goodbye and bon voyage last Ju~ 25, 1953. Forester Gooch left for the States after the completion of his tour of duty with the MSA mission here in the Philippines. A letter received from him by the editor of the Leavea informed of the arrival of some equipment for the construction of the forest products laboratory and gave assurance of the rehabilitation of the College of Forestry building. He expressed his thanks for the many enjoyable associations he had with the students and faculty members. -BCA • • • TRADITIONAL SMOKERS The traditional smokers rally was held by the student body organization last July 18, 1953 at the Pavilion. Guest Speaker for the evening was Forester Paul Bedard of the U.S. Forest Service who is at present connected with the MSA mission in the Philippines. The freshmen were introduced by their president, Mr. Rafael Molino, after which they took the freshman pledge. Other highlights of Pap 28 NOTES • the affair were the hilarious skits presented by the different class organizations, the freshman identification "exams" for the faculty members, the speech of For. Bedard and the sermon-message of Dean Florencio Tamesis. The seniors romped away with the first prize for the best skit presented while Prof. Blando copped the first prize in the identification contest followed closely by Forester Osiris Valderrama who placed second. Punch which really had punch was distributed with sandwiches for refreshments. • • • NEW BELO BOYS -BCA Chosen by the Scholarship Committee of the College of Forestry, to continue the B.S.F. course as Belo Boys were two members of Ranger Class '53. They are Florencio Mauricio and Pelagio Bautista. Five fieldmen of the Bureau were sent to the College to continue their studies. To take the Ranger course are Ty. Ranger Marciano Antonio from Baguio City, Ty. Forest Guard Victor Gabuco from Lucena, Quezon, and Ty. Ranger Antonio Jusi from Tagkawa)•an, Quezon. Ranger Eduardo Llapitan, O.C. of Bangui Forest Station in Ilocos Norte and Ty. Ranger Alfonso Tiam from Baguio City are the two from the field to continue the degree course in forestry. • • • IN-SERVICE TRAINEES -F.M. In line with the new policy of Director F. Tamesis to solve the personnel shortage in the Bureau of Forestry, the following young men are now undergoing in-service training in the College. Appointed as temporary rangers, they will serve the Bureau after they finish the ranger course: Fortunato Arcangel, salutatorian, Laoag, !locos Norte; Tomas Binua, Sr. Air Scout, Tugatog, Malabon, Rizal; Benjamin Boncato, Star Scout, Davao City; Avelino Caronan, lat Class Scout, Tuguegarao, Cagayan; Ruben Chavez, valedictorian and lat Class Scout, Mandaluyong, Rizal; Edmundo Cortez, valedictorian and 1st Class Scout, Masbate, Masbate; Wilfredo Espino, lat Class Scout, Davao City; Ju• lian Gumayagay, valedictorian, Bambang, Nueva Viz.. caya; Wifredo Lalog, 1st Class Scout, Malate, Ma· nila; Miguel Licayan, valecJictorian, Molave, Zam· boanga; Antonio Lizardo, valedictorian, Malangas, Zamboanga del Sur; Florentino Loyola, Sr. Air Scout, Tondo, Manila; Angel Mariano, valedictorian, Baliwasan, Zamboang~ City; Benjamin Meimban, salutatorian, Rosales, Pangasinan; Recaredo Monsanto, saFORESTRY LEAVES lutatorian, Pola, Mindoro Oriental; Conrado Padrones Jr., salutatorian, Pototan, Iloilo; Bienvenido Paragas, valedictorian, Margosatubig, Zamboanga; Alfredo· Pintor, salutatorian, Altavas, Capiz; Gregorio Principe, valedictorian, Sta. Cruz, Marinduque; Apolonio Salanga Jr., salutatorian, Kidapawan, Cotabato; Wilfredo Sanchez, valedictorian, Pola, Oriental Mindoro; Anastacio Sison, valedictorian, Aguilar, Pangasinan; Victoriano Soriano, salutatorian, Bangui, Ilocos Sur; Victoriano Tarroza, Sumagdan, Isabela, Basilan City; Mariano Valera, 1st Hon. Mention and Explorer Scout, Masbate, Masbate; Filamor Yadao, valedictorian, Claveria, Cagayan; Santiago Zayas, salutatorian, Jasan, Misamis Oriental. • • • FRATERNITY NEWS The Zeta Beta R~o fraternity of the College of Forestry honored Prof. Calbrto Mabesa, the new forester in charge with a party last July 17, 1953. Only four new members were elected to the fraternity this year. However, six honorary members were taken in, two of whom are Thai nationals. New officers of the f~ternity are: Pres.-Feliciano Barrer; Vice pres.-Pelagio Bautista; Exec. sec.Jose Ilagan; Recording Sec.-Florencio Mauricio; Treas.-Ben Batoon; Aud.-Felipe Abraham, Jr.; PRO-Artemio Cabanc:lay; Sgt. at arms - Rosalio Goze; Adviser-Dr. Artemio V. Manza. The new members are: (regular) Felipe Abraham, Simplicio Alegre, Rosalio Goze, and Eduardo Llapitan. (honorary) Kaspa Aganidad, P'tived Arayasastra, Juan_ Galo, Narciso Martinez, Buenaventura Rodrigo and Nestor Santos. Meanwhile, six forestry students were admitted in the Los Banos chapter of the Upsilon Sigma Phi fraternity. Together with the Aggie neophytes, they underwent 3 weeks of . probationary period and a final . initiation. A parfy was held in honor of the new neophytes. The five new members brought a total of twelve forestry Upsilonians this school year. The new members are: Felipe Abraham Jr., Smiplicio Alegre Jr. Juan Galo, Rosalio Goze, and Narciso Martinez. Fourteen new members were added to the ranks of the Beta Sigmans this year. They are: Melanio Alconcel, Rogelio Baggayan, Inocencio Bautista, Modesto Canave, Alfredo Eugenio Herminio Llena, Benigno Lomibao, Lucio Quimbo, Sabino Roxas, Julian Meimban Jr., Modesto Tobias, Jose Tomas, George Batoon, and Trifon. Halasan. Bernardo Agaloos is this year's vice president of the Los Banos chapter while Bernardo Burgos is the secretary. Two forestry Betans are members of the staff of the BETAN, official organ of the fraternity in Los Banos. They are Julian Meimban Jr. and B. Agaloos. A simple supper in honor of the new members was held at the mess hall last August 8, 1953. October, 1953 ELEVENTH MOVING-UP, DAY PROGRAM The Speaker Perez gold medal was awarded to Mr. Julian R. Meimban Jr., a senior in the College of Forestry, U.P., during the Tenth Annual Oratorical contest of the College held on March 28, 1953, Forestry Pavilion, whose piece, "The Economic Role of th& Philippines" was adjudged the best by the Board •lf Judges composed of Professor Felix Franco, chairman, Prof. Gregorio Zamuco and Mr. Cesar Recto, members. Feliciano Barrer got the second prize, a silver medal donated by Hon. Cipriano Allas and the third and fourth prizes donated by Dr. Vicente Sinco and Prof. Doroteo Soriano were awarded to Maximo Sagrado and Sabino Roxas, respectively. This was the second time Mr. Meimban has won the first place in the annual oratorical contest being put up by the College. He won first place in 1948. Another phase of the program consisted of a Spanish Declamation contest. Bienvenido Lansigan, a sophomore of the College, -was awarded a gold medal donated by Mr. Nazario Peiias for his piece, "El dia que me quieras." The second prize, a silver medal donated by Forester Porfirio San Buenaventura went to Generosa Caneda while the third and fourth prizes donated by Forester Edilberto Madrid and Circulo Cervantino del Colegio Foresta! were awarded to Francisco Empedrad and Arturo Bislig, respectively. The Board of Judges was composed of Prof. Eugenio de la Cruz, chairman, Prof. Cali:icto Mabesa and Mr. W. L. Gooch, members. The two contests were held under the auspices of_ the Makiling Literary Club in connection with the Ela. venth Moving-Up Day Program, a traditional affair held at the end of every school year. -BRM • • • FORESTRY COLLEGE GETS VEEP'S BERTH IN DILIMAN ELECTIONS The College of Forestry garnered a berth in the U.P. Student Council in Dillman after one of the most hotly contested student elections ever held in the University. Mr. Julian Meimban Jr., a member of the Beta Sigma Fraternii,- ot Los Banos Chapter, is the Vice-President of that Council. • • • CONTRIBUTIONS FOR THE PURCHASE OF A COLLEGE PIANO D-1, Banaui, lloco11 Norte; Eduardo Llapitan ........................... . D-4; Claveria, Ca4ayan; Gaudencio Feli:ic D-6, Bquio City; Leonor Lizardo ..... . D-14, Sta. Cruz, Lqrma; Felix Jucaban . D-18, Sarso4on, Sorsoaon; Gregorio Labitag ............................ . D-20, Virac, Catanduanea; Julio de Luna p 10.00 5.00 5.00 38.00 9.80 5.00 Pap 29 D-22, Sta. Cruz, Marinduque; Santos Dueiias ............................ . D-21, Masba.te, Masba.te; Florentino Verzosa ............................ . D-25, San Jose de Buenavista, Antique; Longinos Espinosa ................. . D-26, Ro:icas City; Norberto Orbigo D-27, lloilo City; Vicente Gobuyan .... D28, Fabrics., Neira. Occidental; Arsenio de los Reyes ..........•... D-30, Cebu City; Juan Corales ....... . D-36, llilan City; Mario San Luis ..... . D-35, Ozami:t City; Emilio Velasco ... . D-37, Callayan de Oro City; Vicente Marababol ........................ . D-38, Malaybalay, Bukidnon; Timoteo Quimpo ........................... . PHILCUSA L.C. Project No. 19: Jose Claveria ....................... . Bernabe Taliwagan ................ . Feliciano Gautane et al. . ......... . Remigio Rivera et al •............. Hilarion Viado ..................... . Primo Andres ........ , ............. . Luis Cabotaje •..................... Daniel Vadil et aL ............... . Marcelo Manuel .................. . FAO Logging Trainin1 Centre ....... . Makilin1 Literary Club ............... . Total ........................... . • • • CLASSES ELECT OFFICERS 10.00 10.00 10.00 3.00 10.00 3.00 10.00 10.00 14.00 14.80 19.75 6.00 6.00 20.00 10.00 4.00 15.00 2.00 7.00 11.25 750.00 74.60 Pl097.60 Cla11 officers for the school year 1953-54 were elected recently during meetings of the different c1&11 organizations of the Collep of Forestry, U.P. The following were elected: SENIORS President Vice president ....... . Secretary .......•..... Treasurer ............ . Businea manager .....• Senior Re,,.. . ........ . Adviser Bernardo Agalooe Bernardo Jasmin Buenaventura Rodrigo Feliciano Barrer Julian Meimban Jr. Napoleon Vergara Feliciano Barrer Prof. Jose B. Blando JUNIORS President Vice president .•••••••• Secretary ......•..••.• Trea:tUrer ............ . Auditor ......•....•.• Sit•. at arms ........ . Businea Manaier ....• Junior Repe, ......•..• Adviser ............. . Pace 30 Alfonso Tiam Benjamin Batoon Kaspa Aganidad Patived Arayasastra Bernardo Burgos Meliton Battad Tito Babiera Pelagio Bautista Florencio Mauricio Dr. Artemio Manza SOPHOMORES President ............• Vice president .•.....• Secretary ............ . Treasurer ............ . Auditor ..........•..• PRO Rep. to SBO ........ . Sits. at arma ........ . Adviser Lucio Quimbo Juan Galo Alfredo Eugenio George Batoon Victoriano Ladero · Rogelio Baggayan Felipe Abraham Jr. Romeo Valdez Jose Ilagan Resurreccion Nortel Egmidio Visperas Dr. Artemio Manza FRESHMEN President Vice president .......• Secretary ..........•.• Treasurer ..•.........• Auditor .............• PRO .........•...•.•• Rep. to SBO ....•..•. Slit& at arma ..•.....• Rafael Molino Antonio J usi Dative Mina Calizta Verzosa Divioo Ramirez Marciano Antonio Edmundo Cortez Leon Zapanta Floro Rodrigo Adviser Dr. Artemio Manza • • • TWO THAI STUDENTS ENROLLED Two Thai students both from tlie Forestiy Department, Bangkok, Tbeiland, enrolled this semester in the college of forestiy. They are Kaspa Aganidad and Patived Arayasastra. They said they like the Philippines because the climate resembles the climate in their homeland. • • • CONTRIBUTORS TO THE MOVIE PROJECTOR FUND Mi11 Ann B. Cooke ............... . Forester Francisco Tamolang ..... . Forester Cesar Recto ............ . Forester Martin R. Reyes ........ . Ranger Eulogio Tagudar ......... . Forester Librado S. Sontillano ... . Foreriter Miguel Pato ........... . Forester Domingo V. Jacalne ..... . @ Pledpd . HANDICAP P20.00 5.00 5.00 2.00 5.00 2.00 4.00@ 10.00@ How great this shaded plant has grown! How tall! Its sisters on the bright side of the wall are common earthlings, neither strong nor high, but this one had to reach the light or die. Synonym--A word you can't thing of when you can't think of the word you want. FORESTRY LEAVES B. F. FORESTRY CIRCLE INC. Miss Carmen Parras, eldest daughter of Forester and Mrs. Vicente Parras was crowned Muse of Forestry and reigned over the coronation program and ball held by the Forestry Circle at the Avenue Hotel Royal Room. She was crowned by Mrs. Florencio Tamesis, assisted by Forester P. San Buenaventura. Miss Francisco Halabaso was crowned Princess Waling-waling by Mrs. Felix Franco assisted by For. Jose Nano; Mrs. Vicente de la Cruz pinned a corsage on Miss Clo1rita Hernandez as Miss Dapoqpula, while Miss Clarita Mallonga was given a corsage by Mrs. Edilberto Madrid as the Princess Mariposa of the evening. The opening remarks were given by Forester Florencio Assidao. Three lovely U.S.T. coeds performed a special dance number while folk dances were rendered by pupils of the Dr. Alejandro Albert Elementary School under the direction of Mrs. Juan Acogido. Director Florencio Tamesis gave the closing remarks. • • • SOCIETY OF Fll.IPINO FORESTERS Forestry Director Florencio Tamesis was reelected president of the Society of Filipino Foresters for the two year term ( 1953-1954) during the meeting of the society council members. The new executive secrtary is Forester Valentin Sajor while Forester Jose Viado is the new'' treasurer. Forester Felix Franco remains as auditor. The members of the council are Florencio Tamesis, Carlos Sulit, Eugenio de la Cruz, Placido Dacanay, P. San Buenaventura, Doroteo Soriano, Felipe Amos, Tiburcio Serevo and Florencio Assidao. • • • PROVINCIAL FORESTERS' LEAGUE The present officers of the provincial foresters' league are Forester Vicente Marababol of Misami1 Oriental, president; Forester Timoteo Quimpo of Bukidnon, vice-president; Forester Melecio Lopez of Negros Occidental, secretary; Forester Severino Nablo of Camarines Norte, treasurer and Forester Runo Sabado of Cotabato, press relations officer. • • • U.P. FORESTRY ALUMNI OFFICERS The new officers of the U.P. Forestry Alumni Association for 1953-1954 are Prof. Eugenio de la Cruz, president; Forester Felipe Amos, vice-president; October, 1953 Notes Prof. Gregorio Zamuco, secretary; Forester Jose Viado, treasurer; and Forester Felix Franco as auditor. The Board of Directors is composed of Prof. Eugenio de la Cruz, Forester F. Amos, Prof. G. Zamuco, Dean Florencio Tamesis, Foresters P. San Buenaventura, Carlos Sulit, Doroteo Soriano, and Valentin Sajor. The publication of the Asllociation's constitution and by-laws together with a directory of the members was approved durin1 this year'1 meeting. • • • LOCAL FORESTER IN U.S. HONOR FRAT Jr. Forester Juanito Merin of the Bureau of Forestry was elected into the XI Sigma Pi National Forestry Honor Fraternity for having maintained satisfactory grades in the College of Forestry of the University of Washington where he graduated last June 13 with a degree of Master of Forestry, Logging Engineering. A native of Capiz and a 1939 U.P. College of Forestry graduate, Forester Merin left for the U.S. last September 24, 1952 to further his studies under a U.N. scholarship grant. He arrived last July 2, 1953. • • • NRCP ELECTIONS The Section of Forestry and the Division of Agriculture and Forestry of the National Research Council of the Philippines (NRCP) laid out plans for participation in the 8th Pa(!tfic Science Congress set for November 16-28 of this year in the Philippines. The Section of Forestry will present papers touching on important phases of forestry in the forthcoming Congress. Prof. Calixto Mabe88 was elected chairman, vice Forester Placido Dacanay while Forester Valentin Sajor was reelected secretary. Forestry Director Florencio Tamesis presided over the meeting of the Division of Agriculture and Forestry Vice UnderSecretary Jose Camus as chairman. Prof. Calixto Mabe88 was elected aecretary of the Division. • • • BUREAU WINS AWARD IN FAIR EXHIBITS The Bureau of Forestry was the only office under the Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources awarded a gold medal by the committee on award1 of the Philippine International Fair Inc. {PIFI). Other offices under the Department who participeted • Pap 31 in the International Fair were given bronze medal&. Recipient& of awards under the Bureau of Forestry booth were: Rattan Art, bronze medal; Nicfur furniture, Florentino's, Gonzales' Toys, and Lumber and Plywood Industries were awarded diplomas of merit. The Department itself was awarded a gold medal under the agriculture class and another one for the architectural designs of its pavilion which was constructed by the Bureau of Forestry. * * • DIRECTOR TAMESIS RECEIVES AWARD Director of Forestry Florencio Tamesis was awarded a Presidential Medal of Merit last July 3, 1953 for being selected by the Committee on Awards of the Civic Assembly of Women of the Philippines as the "Most Outstanding in the Field of Public Service for 1953." He was represented by his son Dr. Benjamin Tamesis at the presentation ceremony at Malacaiian Palace because Director Tamesis was out in the field at the time. · The Civic Assembly of Women has been granting awards to persons who have accomplished work redoundable to their country and the community since the first anniversary of the Republic of the Philippines. * * * T. A. SANTOS NEW PRO Asst. Forester Teofilo A. Santos was designated Acting Chief, Public Relations Section of the Bureau of forestry under Forestry Special Order No. 48, vice Jr. Forester Segundo· P. Fernandez who was assigned in the Division of Forest Management. Until his designation, Forester Santos was with the Division of Reclamation and Reforestation. * • • LADY RANGER AT WORK Ranger Rosie Caiieda, the only one of her kind in the country, is now with the Public Relations Section of the Bureau of forestry. Daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Sinforoso Caiieda, Rosie plans to take up a· course in Chemistry. • • • IN-SERVICE TRAINING Asst. Forester Teofilo A. Santos and Atty. H. Cepnio of the Bureau of Forestry attended the Supervisor's course for In-Service Training at the UP Institute of Public Administration from May 25 to May 29, with 25 other employees from different government offices. • • • LAND CLASSIFICATION Land classification work is now in full swing, giving prompt attention to the classification of areas along proposed roads, it was revealed by Sr. Forester Doroteo Soriano, Forest Coordinator of Philcusa Land Clasaification Counterpart Project No. 19. Forester Soriano, accompanied by Dr. Rizalino Tuico, inspected the various land classification projects in Mindanao. People from different parts of Page 32 the country, according to to areas along proposed Compostela and Butuan. him, are steadily moving roads especially between It was also learned that there are now 3 7 land classification parties scattered in the various parts of the country: 6 in Luzon; one each in Mindoro, Palawan, Panay, and Negroa; 2 in Samar; and 25 in Mindanao. With 3 more in the process of organization, it is ezpected that a total of 40 land classification parties under this Project will be working full blast by July. • • • ASIDDAO AND LALOG TO GO ABROAD AS MSA TRAINEES Sr. Forester Florencio Asiddao and Nicanor P. Lalog will go abroad sometime this month, to acquire further knowledge along, their respective lines of work under the MSA Technical Assistani:e Program. Forester Asiddao will undertake atudies on forest· silviculture and management in India and Malaya, and Forester Lalog on forest finances in the United States. The former is at present the assistant chief of the Bureau of Fotestry's division of sawmills and utilization, while the latter is ~e District Forester of the newly created Forest District No. 44 comprising the island City of Basilan and other aurroundinc islands. • • • WEST BASILAN TIMBER DONATES ELECTRIC BELL The Bureau of Forestry was the recipient of one electric bell generously donated by the West Basilan Timber, Inc., in Basilan City. The bell which is being used now was personally delivered by Mr. Alvaro Pastor. Director Florencio Tamesis 118Dt a letter of thanks to the donor in behalf of the bureau and that of his own. • • • NEW COMMISSION CREATED Dentist-Forester Vicente de la Cruz was designated Officer-in-Charge of the Commission on Parks and Wildlife under the Office of the President. The commission was created in pursuance of Republic Act No. 826, transferring the functions and duties vested in, and exercised by, the Secretary of Agriculture and Natural Resources and the Forestry Director to the new Commission, relative to the maintenance, operation and improvement, supervi• sion, etc., of parks and wildlife. Assistant Attorney Hermenegildo R. Cepnio, incharge of the national parks section of the Bureau of Forestry, was transferred to the Commission which absorbed his section. • • • "MOST ORIGINAL" FLOAT The forestry float put up by Forest District No. 35, Pto. Princesa, Palawan, under District Forester Julio de Luna, was selected by a board of judges FORESTRY LEAVES as the "most original." The float was a contribution of the local forestry office for the July 4th celebration in the capital. (See pictorials). • • • ILAGAN FAIR llqan, lsabela-Thru the initiative of the local forestry force under District Forester Francisco Siriban, the District Office was able to participate in the Fair from May 27 to 31, 1953, in connection with Ilagan town fiesta. • • • SORIANO AND SAJOR IN DAVAO In line with the policy of the District Office under District Forester Cayetano Macaraeg to create favorable public opinion on the importance of forests and forestry, Forest Coordinator Doroteo Soriano and Sr. Forester Valentin Sajor spoke over DXMC in Davao City last May 9, thru arrangements made by Forester Macaraeg. Soriano was interviewed and interrogat~d on land classification and necessary balance of soil cover which he also took up with the Davao Rotarians earlier.-TAS • • • ENTRANCE SALARY The entrance salary for eligibility in the Assistant Forester Examination, which is a technical examination of the assistant grade, is P2400 per annum, it was learned from the Bureau of Civil Service. Forest District No. 18, Albay.-Ranger-Scaler Segundino Regondola of the local forestry office advised graduates to take up forestry courses in a convocation held by the Albay High School on April 9, 1953. Regondola underscored the important role played by foresters and rangers in the proper conservation and wise utilization of our forest resources and concluded his speech with emphasis on the benefits derived from well-managed forests. .. • . SPEAKERS Forest District No. 17, Daet.-Deputy Forest Guard Candido Perez pointed out the evil effects of kaingin-making to his audience in Himanag, Lagonoy, Camarines Sur, on April 28, 1953. Ty. Ranger Pedro Gallego's talk la1t February 7 dwelt on forest protection, while that of Officer in charge Ildefonso Y. Basadre of Salay Forest Station, District No. 38, touched on Commonwealth Act Nos. 100 and 447. The Lagangilang Forest Station in Abra had also two speakers in the persons of Officer in Charge Juan Balbuena and Ranger R. Astudillo. • • • FORESTRY CLINIC CREATED Thru the initiative of district forester Mamerto Villanueva Forestry Circle president, a medical clinic was established to look after the health of the employees of the forestry bureau. The clinic had been a pet pro.ject of past officers of the Forestry Circle but due to financial difficulOctober, 1953 ties, it failed to materialize. The incumbent officers headed by Forester Villanueva pushed the plan through. Maintained on the second floor of the forestry building, the clinic by arrangement is staffed by Dr. Rizalino Tuico, medical officer of the PHILCUSA Land Classification Project and a part-time nurse, Mrs. Belen Brilliantes. • • • B.F. PERSONNEL COUNCIL In accordance with Executive Order No. 94, the Bureau of Forestry employees elected Acting Jr. Forester Maximo Reyes and Property Section Chief Jose Salvador as technical and clerical representatives respectively, to the Bureau of Forestry Council of Personnel Administration for the fiscal year 1953-1954. Sr. Forester Porfirio San Buenaventura, administrative division chief, is the council chairman. The election committee was composed of Acting Jr. Forei;ter Irineo Espiritu as chairman; and Atty. H. Cepnio, Jr. Forester Rodrigo Valbuena, Messrs. Alfonso Arce, Rafael Alimusa, Luis Gaduang, and Victoriano Oropilla, members. District No. 3, Bangued, Abra.-The Lagangilang Reforestation Project in miniature was the main feature of the forestry booth prepared by the district in connection with the Provincial, Agricultural, and Industrial Exposition held in Bangued last February 20-28, 1953, it was learned from provincial forester Alejandro Tremor. Exhibits displayed in the forestry booth were furnished by the Vigen district headquarters and the Caniaw Reforestation Project. Lumber dealers and forest licensees donated materials and exhibits. District No. 37, Cagayan de Oro City-Forestry activities in the district recently were a series of speeches and radio chats by the provincial forester. Provincial forester Vicente R. Marababol explained the varied activities of the Bureau of Forestry in a talk at the Lourdes College on the occasion of that institution's foundation day. A 3.0-minute radio interview in Visayan over radio station DXCC, was given by the provincial forester on the subject of the DACAMS and its functions. It was also reported that Forester Marababol was the recipient of a silver thanks badge from the National Council of the Boy Scouts of the Philippines for his "continued outstanding service in the interest of scouting''. • • • SFF PRESENTS RESOLUTION During the last meeting of the Society of Filipino Foresters held in Diliman, Quezon City last April 14, 1953, a resolution wa~ passed requesting the President of the Philippines to retain the services of Director of Forestry Florencio Tamesis after November 7, 1953 at which date the Director is due for retirement by virtue of Republic Act No. 660. The Society of Filipino Foresters has presented the rePage 33 solution to the President thru a delegation composed of the members of the Society last July 14, 1953. A letter received by the Society from the Assistant Executive Secretary informed that the resolution has been referred to the Secretary of Agriculture and Natural Resources for comment and recommendation with a statement that the Society's recommendation be given due consideration. A report from Distrcit V, Echague Forest Station informed of the death of Mrs. Aurelia B. Manzano, wife of Officer in Charge Toribio V. Manzano last June 28, 1953, from cerebral hemmorhage due to hypertension. • • • AMBASSADOR SPRUANCE VISITS FORESTRY BUREAU Ambassador Raymond C. Spruance of the United States made an unofficial visit at the Bureau of Forestry last Friday morning. He was accompanied by Mr. Edward Prentice, chief of the Foreign Operations Administration (former MSA) and by Mr. Paul W. Bedard, also of the FOA as technical adviser on forest management. Ambassador Spruance revealed to Director Florencio Tamesis that his call . wa1 only a personal one and did not elaborate further on this point. He is very interested in forestry and his initial visit was for the purpose of personally familiarizing himself with the functions and operationa of the local forestry office. He was taken around the bureau by Director Tamesis and was shown the various samples of Philippine woods and different media of information in the bureau. • • • FORESTER CENABRE GRANTED EXTENSION OF SERVICE Forester Agapito L. Cenabre was granted continuance of service in 1;!:ie forestry bureau beyond August 18 this year, as an exception to the Cabinet Resolution adopted on December 19, 1952. The forester meets all the requirements for retirement with 45 years in the Government service to his credit, and having attained the compulsory retirement age of 65 years at the close of the office hours of August 18, but due to an exception of cabinet resolution, he has been authorized to continue his service until further advice from the Office of the President. • • • FORESTRY CIRCLE DONATION The 1952-53 officers of the Forestry Circle donated one electric bundy clock to the bureau of forestry last August 28 during which a simple ceremony for the purpose was held at lunch-time. The donation was made by Forester Mamerto M. Villanueva, president of the organization, in behalf of the Circle, and was formally accepted by Dlrector Florencio Tamesis, in behalf of the bureau. Director Tamesis; in his letter of thanks to the Circle president, commended the organization for living up to Page 34 its good aims and objectives for which it was organized. A club of the forestry employees, the Circle was also responsible for the establishment of a clinic in the annex building of the bureau. • • • PROPOSED EXAMS FOR FORESTER AND RANGERS All forestry and ranger graduates who are still non-civil service eligibles and who have met the min• imum qualifications for assistant forester and ranger are apprised to take the civil service examinations which Director Florencio Tamesis had proposed to the Commissioner of Civil Service. The proposed date for such examination is set not later than December 12, this year, and it may be held at the following places: Laoag, Vigen, Tuguegarao, Baguio, Manila, Naga City, Iloilo City, Bacolod City, Cebu City, Tacloban, Butuan City, Cagayan de Oro City, Zamboanga City and Davao City. • • • JEEP-TRUCK DONATED TO BF A brand-new jeep-truck was donated to the forestry bureau recently by Mr. Lloyd Anderson, manager of the Basilan Lumber Co. It was turned over to Forester Martin Reyes, acting provincial forester of Basilan in a simple but impressive ceremony held at the Company compound. "I wish to acknowledge with thanks," wrote Director Tamesis, "your generoua donation and to express in the name of the Bureau of Forestry our appreciation and gratitude for your generosity and spirit of cooperation which will redound to our mutual interest and benefit." • • • Republic of the Philippines Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources BUREAU OF FORESTRY Manila FORESTRY ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER NO. 8-3 July 16, 1953 SUBJECT: REORGANIZATION OF THE BUREAU OF FORESTRY 1. For the information and guidance of all concerned, the following is the new organization of the Bureau of Forestry in accordance with Republic Act No. 906 (Appropriation Act for the fiscal year 1953-54): OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION General Service Section Legal Section Property Section Records Section Collection and Disbursement Section DIVISION OF FOREST MANAGEMENT Management Plan Section Public Relationa and Statistics Section Forest Reserves Section FORESTRY LEAVES DIVISION OF FOREST CONCESSIONS AND SAWMILLS Licenses Section Lumber Inspection Service Section DIVISION OF FOREST .INVESTIGATION Silviculture Section Forest Products Research Section Forest Pests and Diseases Section DIVISION OF FOREST LANDS AND MAPS Special Uses Section Claims and Registration Section Mapping Section DIVISION OF RECLAMATION AND REFORESTATION DIVISION OF LAND CLASSIFICATION PROVINCIAL SERVICE ( 46 forest districts in accordance with Forestry Administrative Order No. 8-2, dated February 20, 1953) 2. For purposes of administration, there shall be an Advisory Staff of which the Director shall be the Chairman and an Inspector Service headed by the Division Forest Inspector under the Office of the Director; and also the following units: (a) Afforestation and Reforestation, (b) Cooperative Planting, and ( c) Cinchona Plantation under the Division of Reclamation and Reforestation; and (a) Land Classification (PHILCUSA-MSA Fund) and (b) Kinds. Land Classification (Regular Funds) under the Division of Land. Classification. 3. This Forestry Administrative Order shall take effect as of July 1, 1953. (Sgd.) PLACIDO L. MAPA Actinl Secretary ol Alriculture and Natural R88DIU'C89 RECOMMENDED BY: (Sgd.) FLORENCIO TAMESIS Director ol Foretdry • • • Re.yubtic of the Philippines Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY Manila Forestry Administrative Order No. 4-3 June 17, 1953 Subject: Amendments to Forestry Administrative Order No. 8-3, known as the Revised Re,Wations Governing Special Uses ol Fore.t Lands. 1. Section 3, of Forestry Administrative Order No. 8-3 of July 1, 1941, known as the Revised Regulations Governing Special Uses of Forest Lands, as amended by Forestry Administrative Order No. 4-2, is hereby further amended to read as follows: "3. Sch«lule ol lees, rentals and area. Ezcept as hereinafter provided, the forestry fees, rentals and maximum area for each kind of 1pecial uses of forest land• shall be as follows: Forestry lee (a) Rental (y) Muiarum per hectare area in or fraction hectare lor each application P5.00 Bathing Establishment ....................... . P5.00 24 Hotel Site .................................. . Nipa and/ or other palma and bacauan plantation Private Camp or residence· ..... : ............. . Right-Of-Way ............................... . Saltworks ................................... . Sanatorium ..... ·: ............................ . Sawmill Site ................................ .. Lumber Yard ............................... . Timber Depot ............................... . Logging Camp Site .......................... .. Log Pond ................................... . Kaiiigin ..................................... . Lime and Charcoal Kiln ..................... . Pasture ..................................... . Plantation of medicinal plants or trees of 5.00 5.00 2.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 1.00 2.00 (b) 5.00 3.00 2.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 1.00 5.00 0.60 24 200 24 200(x) 200(x) 24 24 24 24 24 24 1 24 2,000 economic value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (b) 0.60 2,000(x) 24 Other (uses) lawful purposes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 . 00 2.00 N.B.-(a) Payable only to the Director of Forestry, Manila. (b) Five pesos (P5.00) for every 500 hectares or fraction thereof. (x) Republic Act No. 121, June 14, 1947. (y) May be paid to the Municipal Treasurer. 2. Date ol Talcina Ellect. Thi1 Order shall take effect on July 1, 1953. RECOMMENDED BY: CScd.) FLORENCIO TAMESIS Director ol Foreatry October, 1953 (Sgd.) PLACIDO L. MAPA Actina Secretary ol Alriculture and Natural Reaourcn Pa1e 35 Republic of the Philippines Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources BUREAU OF FORESTRY FORESTRY ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER NO. 8-2 Manila February 20, 1953 liUBJECT: AMENDING PARAGRAPH 1 AND REPEALING PARAGRAPH 2 OF FORESTRY ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER NO. 8-1, DAT~D FEBRUARY 7, 1951. 1. Paragraph 1 of Forestry Administrative Order No. 8-1, dated February 7, 1951, is hereby amended insofar as further amendment of the division of thePhilippines into forest districts and classification of same are concerned, as follows: District No. I 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Provinces and Cities llocos Norte llocos Sur Abra Cagayan and Batanes Isa be la Mt. Prov., City of Baguio and La Union Nueva Vizcaya Pangasinan and City of Dagupan Nueva Ecija and City of Cabanatuan Tarlac Zambales Bataan City of Manila (a) Pampanga (b) Bulacan (c) Rizal and Quezon City and Pasay City Class c c c A B A B B B c B B B Laoag Vigan Bangued Aparri Ilagan Headquarters City of Baguio Bayombong City of Dagupan City of Cabanatuan Tarlac Iba Balanga City of Manila (d) Cavite and Cities of Cavite and Tagatay 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 ( e) Batangas and City of Lipa Laguna and City of San Pablo Quezon Camarines Norte Camarines Sur and City of Naga Albay and City of Legaspi Sorsogon Catanduanes Mas bate Marinduque Oriental Mindoro Occidental Mindoro Romblon ·.· Antique Capiz and Roxas City lloilo and City of lloilo Occidental Negros and Bacolod City Oriental Negros and City of Dumaguete Cebu and City of Cebu Bohol Leyte and City of Ormoc Samar and City of Calbayog Pala wan Occidental Misamis and City of Ozami1 Lanao and Cities of lligan and Dansalan Or. Misamia and Cag_pyan de Oro City Bukidnon Agusan and City of Butuan Surigao Zamboanga del Norte Zamboanga del Sur, City of Zamboaaga B A A B c c c c .c B c c c c B A B B c B B B c B A c A A c Sta. Cruz Lucena Daet City of Naga City of Legaspi Sorsogon Virac Mas bate Santa Cruz Calapan Mamburao Romblon San Jose de Buenavillta Roxas City City of Iloilo Fabrics City of Dumaguete City of Cebu Tagbilaran Tacloban Catbalogan Pto. Princess City of Ozamis City of lligan Cagayan d1t Oro City Malaybalay City of Butuan Surigao Dipolog and Sulu A City of Zamboanga 44 Basilan City A City of Basilan 45 Cotabato A Cotabato 46 Davao and City of Davao A City of Davao 2. Paragraph 2 of Forestry Administrative Order No. 8-1, dated February 7, 1951, is hereby repealed and in its stead Paragraph 23 of February Administrative 01'4er No. 1-5, dated July 1, 1940, i1 hereby revived. 3. This Administrative Order shall take effect March 1, J953. Recommended by: (Sgd.) FLORENCIO TAMESIS Director ol Forestry (Sgd.) FERNANDO LOPEZ Secretary ol .44riculture and N atur.Z RNOUl'CN The Editor Forestry Leaves College of Forestry College, Laguna Dear Sir: June 29, 1953 On the eve of my departure for the United States and completion of tour of duty here in the Philippines, I wish to express through the Editor of "Forestry Leaves,'' in behalf of Mrs. Gooch and the writer, our warm thanks for the many courtesies extended in the past two years. We will take with us many delightful memories of the association with faculty members and students of the College of Forestry, Los Baiios, and the personnel of the Bureau of Forestry both in Manila and in the field. The Forest Products Laboratory equipment is now on order and a few pieces are already arriving. The construction of the Laboratory Building is in the planning for the fiscal year 1953-1954. The programme for rehabilitation of the College of Forestry is underway. Procurement of school laboratory and engineering equipment has been approved in Washington. The initial project in the building programme is the reconstruction of the College Building. This has been acted upon by PHILCUSA and will be presented to MSA for final approval. This and other construction, it is hoped, will be underway during the coming fiscal year. As a cross section of Philippine citizenship, I regard those in the forestry profession about as fine and high standing a group as is to be found in thi1 country of yours. You are the guardians of the forest wealth of this nation. In private or public service, keep those professional ideal• high. The public looks upon to you for guidance on mattera of forest policy. Education of the public through better public relations in forestry~lient facts on utilization and management-needs substantial strengthening in the Philippines. You have a wonderful story to tell Get it to the higher political councils of the Government through a better informed public. Exploitation of the Philippine timber resources is a big business. The lumber people will give you every help in maintaining this highly valuable forest production. They are looking up to you for leadership. Goodbye and Good Luck. Water the Gooch memory trees. Home is West Point, Virginia. Sincerely, (Sgd.) MR. AND MRS. WIN. L. GOOCH October, 1953 FORESTRY LEAVES College of Forestry, University of the Philippines College, Laguna, Philippines Forester Winslow L. Gooch West Point, Virginia United States of America Dear Sir: July 1, 1953 We here in the college were very glad to read your letter. It has given us assurance of the Forest Products Laboratory's realization and renewed hopes for the rehabilitation of our College Building. Increased student population has to be met with more rooms and facilities. M. S. A. aid to our building will be a great boon to us. In this dream of ours, we know how instrumental you were in backing us up. Allow me then to extend to you the many thanks and praises that students and faculty membera have for you. The Gooch memory trees are doing fine. It is hoped that both you and Mrs. Gooch are doing just as well It was a mighty fine advice you gave us in your letter. We will have it in mind whenever we perform our professional duties. Thru the courtesy of Kaspa Aganidad, the Thai student who took them, I am sending you a couple of snapshot• taken during the last convocation we had with you. Warm regards we send you and Mrs. Gooch, we hope for your retum someday to re-live the plea1&Dt times we enjoyed with you. Sincerely yours, (Sgd.) BERNARDO AGALOOS Editor Personnel Tamayo, G. B. Asst. Forester Gerardo B. Tamayo Office of the District Forester Bacolod City My dear Tamayo: Aucust 28, 1953 I wish to thank you for your letter of August 17, 1953, and to atate, in this connection, that it has always been this Bureau's policy to promote its deserving men who have shown good work and unstinted loyalty to the service. You have to thank also yourself for having qualified in the proper civil service e:samination and for deserving such a promotion. Promotion is a recogaition of an ezcellent service in the past but it should also be looked upon the more as an incentive to do better in the future. Promotion comes when there is vacancy in the upper Page 37 grades but it does not come as a matter of course. If one performs only the ordinary work ·assigned to bis position, he does not deserve promotion; if the quality and quantity of his work show that he has given and is giving more than the ordinary, he deserves a promotion; and if he lags around, he is and should be demoted, not necessarily in salary but may be in position, and more unfortunately, in the way his chiefs and even his co-workers would regard him because if he does not perform his duties well, he is merely showing the work to his chiefs and co-workers who have to do the work for him. I hope, therefore, that you, as well as others who have been as fortunate as you, would prove that such a promotion is only one among others that you would deserve in the future. Very sincerely, (Sgd.) FLORENCIO TAMESIS Director ol Fore.try REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources BUREAU OF FORESTRY Office of the District Forester D-29, Persoonel Tamayo, G. B. Bacolod City Dear Director Tamesis, Aupat 17, 1953 I have been patly touched with the ardor and effort that you have exerted on my case. Today, I received my appointment as Assistant Forester. With thankfulness, I have to seclude myseli from the office for about ten ( 10) minutes and humbly thank in prayer that greatest ARClllTECT, our "GOD'', for not letting me down and further thank HIM for the benevolence you have so kindly extended to me. ,. Deep down in my heart is overflowing with gratitude towards you and those who made possible that promotion. With my best wishes and regards, I thank you all, Sir. -- Very sincerely yours, (Sgd.) GERARDO B. TAMAYO Asst. Forester University of the Philippines COLLEGE OF FORESTRY ALUMNI ASS'N College. La111na September 1, 1953 Dear Fellow Alumnus: I wish to inform you that the U.P. Alumni Association is undertaking the construction of the U.P. Alumni-Student Council Clubhouse on the University campus, Diliman, Quezon City. The cornerstone of Pap38 the building has already been laid during the last alumni reunion on April 12, 1953. From the sale of the U.P. Alumni Building in Padre Faura, Ermita to the University of P50,000.00, the amount of P30,000.00 will go into the funds intended for the Alumni Clubhouse. The U.P. Student Council will contribute Pl0,000.00 every year for five years. These, however, are not sufficient to cover the cost of the building which is estimated at P200,000.00. To help in the campaign for the raising of f~nds for this worthy project, a nine-member Executive Committee has been appointed last August 1st consisting of the following: Prof. Bienvenido Y. Diaz as Chairman, Mr. Marcelo S. Balatbat as Vice Chairman, and Dean L. B. Uichanco, Dean Tomas S. Fonacier, Dean Hilario Lara, Dr. Gumersindo Garcia, Dr. Rosendo R. Llamas, Prof. Juan C. Perlas, and Prof. Armando J. Malay as members. Sub-committees were also designated with all Presidents of College or School Alumni Associations and the City and Provincial Chapters as Chairman and the latter are to select their own members in the sub-committee. Knowing the spirit of helpfulness and loyalty of our forestry alumni, I am confident that with your cooperation, the Forestry Alumni Association will not be far behind other associations in contributing its share to this important undertaking. I understand that the proposed Clubhouse which will be the first of its kind in this country, will include the following features and facilities: alumni secretariat and offices; student council office; conference room; social hall; recreation center, incl~ding bowling alleys and billiard tables; rooms for alumni transients; reading room; open terrace; adequate kitchen; adequate toilet facilities; and probably a swimming pool In this connection, may I also request you to pay your Forestry Alumni fees in the amount of P3.00 (P2.00 for entrance fee and Pl.DO annual fee for 1953) if you have not as yet done so. If you have already paid your fees, kindly remind other forestry alumni to pay theirs. The amount is not much but, it will identify you as an active member of the forestry family and it will also be of great help to the Association in meeting its obligations and in pe~ forming other worthy projects. It might be of interest for you to know that the Forestry Alumni Association is still lacking P256.35 to complete its pledge to the Carillon Fund. Please fill out the enclosed form and give it to the member of the sub-committee in your region. If more convenient, you may send your remittance direct to the undersigned. Very sincerely yours, (Sgd.) EUGENIO DE LA CRUZ .President FORESTRY LEAVES • FORESTRY IN THE NEWS • THE MANIPULATING GRIP No government official is better informed about the problems and prospects of Philippine lumber, both as a booming dollar-producing item and as a primary building material, than Forestry Director Florencio Tamesis. His views on the subject are given a respectful hearing abroad, where the prestige of Philippine woods has been envied by even high-pressure competitors. Director Tamesis has warned of exportation, in unregulated quantities, of Philippine lumber, to avoid a local shortage and a consequent rise in prices. Actually, no real shortage exists, as every home builder knows. What possibly has "stabilized" prices at high levels and _ made house-building a pretty expensive proposition to all but the moneyed folks and RFC borrowers is the fact that the industry is controlled by aliens. References have been made to inefficient logging methods and the introduction of the minimum wage as factors that have threatened not only to raise prices but force the collapse of the smaller firms. The first factor will eventually be eliminated when mechanization becomes possible; the second will admit of no correction. Local lumber prices will lower if steps are taken to relax the alien grip on an industfy which already is rated as one of the nation's top dollar-producer. Once that is done, we can proceed more smoothly with plans to improve production methods and lower costs. Editorial, Manila Timea, July 4, 1953 • • • SALE OF BAGUIO PINE PRODUCTS REGULATED Baguio, Aug. 3-In line with the policy of the new city administration to give more protection to the Benguet pine forest of Baguio, the city council enacted last Tuesday an ordinance which would regulate the sale of pine firewood and prohibit the peddling of certain forest products derived from pine trees. The explanatory note of Ordinance No. 178 states that the cutting of pine trees, even by duly licensed concessionaires and holders of permits to cut pine trees for sale to the public in the form of firewood, logs and lumber, had in the past years been "seriously abused," thus rendering it impossible for the local forest officers to cope with this deplorable situation. It also cited that there has been steady and unabated increase of cases of illegal cutting of pine trees and all sorts of forest destruction, and that if ·this alarming situation is not arrested, the depleOctober, 1953 tion of the Benguet pine forest, of which Baguio is singularly proud, will be hastened. The ordinance provides that it shall be unlawful for any person, firm, entity or corporation, even with license to sell forest products to the public without an accompanying invoice, and failure to carry said invoice shall constitute a violation of this ordinance. Peddling in public or display for aale, of split firewood of "saleng" or charcoal without written permit from the government entities concerned is also prohibited, and in both cases, corresponding fines or imprisonment have been fixed by the ordinance.-Manila Times, August 4, 1953 • • • ZAMBO CIUT CHAT A valiant attempt to hoodwink the fact that the reforestation plan of the Bureau of Forestry in Basilan City has been a rotten business is published on page 5 of this issue. Tile Basilan Acting Forester, Mr. Martin R. Reyes wants me to dismiu said charges as mere "chit chats." My charges against the Bureau stand as long as there are human bulldozers killing our important national resources, and they are not mere chit chats because nothing said in this corner has been pure mouth wash. We have documents to prove that kaittlineros are destroying the vital tax-producing forests of Basilan. We have nothing against the farmers known as kaiiiginel'Oll. There are plenty of places in Mindanao for them where they can farm and live happily but they have no busine11 in our forests. Maybe the Basilan Acting Forester has not gone around but the man must see what is going on in the American Rubber area in Buli-Buli, the former Basilan Company's area in Maligue, the Evangelista area in Lamitan, the Basilan Lumber area in Maluso, the forest concessions in Mangat and elsewhere. I am inviting the angry Acting Forester for a "honeymoon" over these areas on a piper cub flown by lady pilot ,Charita Rodriguez anytime, anywhere, so that he can see the pitiful devastation wrought on our forest by clandestine farming. Or, maybe, the Acting Forester has not heard of the conversion of thousands of hectares of forest areas into agricultural plantations by some concessionaires themselves. We are digging more facts about this. Don't you worry, mister. The Acting Forester has also admitted that the bulk of the forestry collections are spent for "essential public services, such as education, public works, justice, peace and order, etc." Precisely, it is the duty of the BF to continue maintaining our forest by a zealous and concerted reforestation plan so that we can continue reaping a national fortune out of it till eternity. In other countries, the destruction of Pap 39 the forest is considered a capital crime against the state. Here, it is highly probable that it is being made as a capital for the pocket of a few unscrupulous people. This too is no mere chit chata. • • • The Editor Zamboanga City Times Zamboanga City Sir: July 25, 1953 Our attention has been called to the derogatory statements of Mr. Armando A. Lopez in his "Zambo Chit Chat" column in your newspaper issue of July 21, 1953 pei'taining to the newly<reated Forest District No. 44 in Basilan City. Although Mr. A. Lopez can ezcuw himself by saying that they are mere chit-chats, yet tihose statements have the damaging effect of poisoning the minds of the people, and baselessly undermining their confidence in the Bureau of Forestry. His statement that we collect forest charges from Basilan lumber firms without a plan of reforestation for Basilan City is not true. The Bureau of Forestry does not collect, but submits for collection forest charges to the Collector of Internal Revenue. The greater part of the collection goes to the General Fund which are spent for esse~tial public services, such as education, public works, justice, peace and order. etc. The other part goes to the Reforestation Fund (Rep. Act li5) which is mpent ezclusively for reforestation (artificial or natural). The greater part of this fund goes to the reforestation of -tersheds of destructive rivers and streams which are harnessed to produce electric power, irrigate fields, and supply water for domestic use in different parts of the country. In Basilan we do not only have plan for reforestation but are actually reforesting logged-over areas and kaiiigins. For this matter, I wish to inform the general public and Mr. A. Lopez thet our reforestation plans in this city have been put to work since 1950. Our reforestation work here, however, takes the course of supplemental planting in logged-over areas giving more efforts to protect immature timber left after logging which we will tend to maturity for the next harvest. It is not true that all forest lands after logging_ go to the kaiiiaineroa. The kaiiigineroa can be counted still and they are being dealt with accordingly. The offenders are accused and complaints are filed in the courts. We have cases in the Municipal Court, but action is slow. We hope to get more cooperation from our colleagues in the Government and with a stronger and more efficient patrol force, we can minimize illegal entries into the forest reserve and national park (called the Working Circle.) The Class A Forest District here was opened not merely to collect forest charges. The main purpose Page 40 is the implementation of a forest management plan for this island to perpetuate the supply of timber for the lumber firms. This enmbrace1 all the fields of regulation, reforestation and protection. We are now doing this work. Please do this Office justice by publishing this letter ... an answer to the unfounded comments of Mr. A. Lopez. Fairness and good journalism would be served in doing so. Very respectfully, MARTIN R. REYES ActinA District Forester • • • FOREST MANAGEMENT PROJECT TO BE INITIATED IN BASILAN The Island City will be the site of the first Philippine Forest Management project, according to Forestry officials who are connected with the project. The scope of the project cover systematic timber cutting, reforestation, and forest conservation, and is expected to cover the forests of the whole island of Basilan. This project is the first of ita kind as initiated by the Bureau of Forestry, and if successful, will be tried throughout the Philippines. Forester Lalog, present bead of the newly created Basilan Forest District No. 44, will tentatively be in charge ·of the project. • • • FORESTRY IN THE NEWS The report of the forestry member of the FAO Agricultural Mission to Korea emphasizes the vital role of forests in the general land use of that country. Recommendations embodied in the report are: ( 1) the formulation of a forest policy; ( 2) greater efforts to control the shifting type of cultivation (locally known as kaingin); (3) improvements of practices on private forest lands. To implement these recommendations, the Mission suggested that additional legislation be enacted and a strong forest service be established.-From the F AO director general monthly letter (April, 1953) The U.P. College of Forestry has provided, toge· ther with the Division of Forest Investigation of the Philippine Bureau of Forestry, a continuing 118ries of seed samples of Philippine forest trees, which have been forwarded to the Bureau of Forestry (Re cherches Forestieres) in Saigon for trial plantings. A request for Phasmidae material from the Philippines by an entomologist in Hanoi remains outstanding owing to the difficulty of entering Philippine forests to collect them and the fact that "walking sticks" and leaf insects which belong to this family are hard to detect because of their resemblance to twigs or plant leaves. Two shii>ments of Mallotus pbilippinensia seeds, provided also by the College of Forestry, were recently forwarded by FORESTRY LEAVES airfreight to Recherches Agronomiques et Pastorates in Saigon for trial planting.-From UNESCO SCO Newsletter July, VTEC • • • LOCAL MAHOGANY POPULAR IN HAWAII Philippine mahogany is the most popular furniture wood in Hawaii according to a report of the consulate general of the Philippines in Honolulu, received by the Department of Commerce aod Industry. The Honolulu Star-Bulletin, a widely circulated daily in Hawaii, in its editorial issue stated· ''Phil. mahogany, long a favorite with Islanders, has become more popular in recent years. About 85% of all furniture built .here is of PhiL mahogany. Since 1946 when manufacturers began making furniture here, the imports of Phil. mahogany have increased 500%!' The term Phil. mahogany is the trade name used in the export trade for lauans which belong to the softer members of the dipterocarp family and may be divided into tha red lauans and white lauans. The former include tangile, mayapis and tiaong. The Manila Times, July 28, 1953 • • • LUMBER INDUSTRY PROBLEM No one will quarrel with Secretary Placido L. Mapa on tha program of a balanced exploitation of our forests and the need of striking a happy belance between our exportation of logs and tha quantity of sawn lumber that is available locally. The lumber industry has since tha war moved to the forefront so quickly it is now bracketted among the islands' ten biggest dollar producers. The minimum wage law was a source of irritation to lumber men only for a brief while, indicating the capacity of the industry to adjust itself to rising costs and changing conditions.. On the other hand, the spectacular rise of tha lumber industry has also compelled the more thoughtful of our public officials to take a look at the consequences of injudicious cutting of timber, the deforestation of wide areas, and the improvidence of concessionaires who care little about reforestation. Sometime in the past, Governor Osmeiia of Cebu had occasion 'to deplore the cuttiq down of trees in the heavily wooded areas of his province until complete denudation, the dan1er of floods and erosion seemed imminent. Apart from their economic value, forests provide our natural watershed needs and are a potential setting for the park program which the national government has yet to launch. The question of striking a balance between our export of logs to Japan and the sawn lumber made available locally has been raised by the director of forestry himself. When local lumber prices remain high it is not merely because we ship too many October, 1953 logs to foreign importers. Alien control of the retailing end is one big factor that has nullified efforts to bring down prices to reasonable levels. The lumber industry has never been so prosperous as it has been during the last ten years. It could assure itself of continued well-being if it took a second look at the problems of the future-the problems of reforestation, cost and price adjustments, and control by native producers. Editorial, Manila Times, Aug. 12, 1953 • • • LUMBERMEN TOLD TO GO EASY ON LOGS Agriculture Secretary Placido L. Mapa put it up to the lumber industry last night to work out a balanced exploitation of forest products or run the risk of having the government step in and regulate the heavy cutting of logs. In a speech delivered last night before the Hoo Hoo Club in Manila, composed of representatives of the various sectors of the lumber industry, at the Philippine Columbian clubhouse, Secretary Mapa urged the lumbermen to adhere to a well-rounded program of cutting down trees for beth the local and foreign market. He said he had heard reports that consumers of sawn lumber, most of whom are ordinary homebuilders, as well as domestic users of logs for veneer manufacture, are bein1 forced to pay higher prices for their needs owing to the keen competition offered by foreign buyers of logs, mostly from Japan. "Without saying eategorically," he said, ''who is right and who is wrong, and apart from the technical aspects whieh the problem presents, I feel the welfare of all concerned dictates that we take stock of the situation and see how we can proceed on a well-rounded program of cutting down trees for the market, whether for local consumption or for export. "I believe all of you realize the necessity of coordinating your efforts in order to achieve a desirable equilibrum in wood e:ii:traction. It is only by doing so that we may be able to avoid unpleasant consequences which may result from too much concentration on one phase of lumbering." "Let us not wait," he said, "for an unfavorable public opinion that might compel the government to take undesirable steps b!!fore you yourselves correct whatever unbalanced cutting of wood might have done already." Secretary Mapa, who was introduced by Carlos Fernandez, president of the Hoo Hoo club, congratulated the lumbermen for their successful efforts in rehabilitating the industry which Mapa said, had e:ii:ceeded its pre-war production. "As of June 30, 1953," Secretary Mapa said, "production had already reached 1,206,114,589 board feet, compared to 941,604,449 board feet in 1941. (Continued on pale 45) Page 41 • EXCERPTS & ABSTRACTS • TREATING FENCE POSTS WITH PENTACHLOROPHENOL FUEL OIL SOLUTIONS By CHARLES S. WALTERS Coal tar creosote is used for posts but due to its unavailability, coupled with the high costs of other kinds of preservatives, pentachlorophenol was tested. The material used in the test was a 5% solution of pentachlorophenol in a petroleum solvent. It should be remembered that this chemical is highly toxic practically to all fungi, bacteria, and other microorganisms. As it causes dermatitis on the skin if left for any length of time, Neoprene gloves were used to protect the hands and arms during the treatment. Ordinary gloves may be used provided soap and water is used to wash the hands and arms at short intervals during the treatment. Unlike other preservatives, pentachlorophenol does not need heat to facilitate its penetration. It is said that it is comparable to coal tar creosote in effect and possesses the. advantage of a clean, non-discoloring, non-bleeding, paintable treatment. As a result of the tests made, a post (4.8 inches) in diameter, one cubic foot in volume) absorbing 1/2 gallon of the solution is produced for only 40 cents, not including equipment which varies with ·the size of the treating job, and the number of years it ii; used. Percentage of the solution and length of time of immersion vary with species. It was found out further that soaking white pine in standard 5% solution for 48 hours was believed sufficient, the 1&pwood being treated completely. F.V. B. • • • MOISTURE-ABSORBING AND RETAINING CAPACITIES OF VARIOUS TREE PACKING MATERIALS By FRED R. NEWCOMMER Millions of forest and shade trees packed in various kinds of packing materials are shipped annually from nurseries in all parts of the country but little information is available as to the effi. ciency of such tree packing materials. This study was made to determine the moisture-ebsorbing and retaining capacities of shingletow, wood shavings, tree mo1S, hardwood leaves, pine needles, larch needles, oat and wheat straw, although same studies were made previously on these materials but for different uses other than for tree packing. One investigator who made further experimentation with barn bedding materials states, concerning dry sawdust and ahavings, that their absorptive capacity according to finene11 and dryne11 is from two to four times that of ordinary straw. W. F. Will found that Pap 42 sphagnum moss and tree IDOl8 will absorb sizteen and eighteen times, respectively, their own weights of water but no report on their retaining capacities. Some of the desirable qualities of a tree packing material are that it should be cheap, readily available in sufficient quantities, easy to handle in packing, free of weed seeds or of offensive odon, free of substances which will injure the trees, will not heat or mold during shipment, and will retain a sufficient amount of water to keep the trees from drying out during shipment. It was found in this study that the set of the above materials wrapped in waterproof paper and packed in burlap bags retained more moisture than the corresponding sample not wrapped in the paper for the same period of time. As a result a table showing the tree packing materials ranked according to moisture content at varioua intervals of time was prepared, which is useful in determining the right packing material to be used for a length of time from packing to planting. For instance when a tree shipment requires two days from packing to planting, tree moss with waterproof paper is logical and shingletow with the paper would be the ll8COlld best. If waterproof is not used there moss i1 preferred and shingletow second best. For a siz-day slip-paper and sbingletow as second best, or in hardwood leaves and paper as third choice. ALl'oNSO L Tr.AM • • • LUMBANG MEAL AS WOOD ADHESIVE By CUm.o SERNA Lumbang (Aleurites mollucana) bearl •eds which are a source of oil. After eztracting the oil, the meal, which is rich in protein is thrown away as a waste product. Our plywood industry uses much glue with which to join veneer. The use of lumbang meal a1 wood adhesive gives a new utility to this material which is otherwise wasted. Moreover, a cheap and ready source of raw materials for the manufacture of glue could be bad, thua reducing our coatly imports of glue. Two sets of studies were made alone this line, and the latelt outstanding results 10 far are the following: 1. The proportion of one part lumbang meal to five parts water gave the best adhesive product. 2. Board1 presl8d 12 minutes after the application of glue had the highest adhesive atrength of 1120 pounds per square inch. 3. Boardl subjected to a three-hour pre11Ure after (Continued on ,,_,. 43) FORESTRY LEAVES • SUNSHINE CORNER • A conservative forest ranger gave last-minute instructions to his daughter who was on her way to Manila to win a B.S.E. degree: Remember to bring home the Education but not the Bachelor! Forestry and agriculture students love to argue among themselves on which college has the higher standard, forestry or agriculture. A bright forestry student won the argument by saying, "Our college is the highest, as a matter of fact, in the entire U.P." adding quickly, "by elevation". Professor in forest finance: Give the different kinds of profit that you know. Wise student: Gross profit, net profit and no profit! Instructor reprimanding student: Look at all those bent nails, they go to waste. When hammering, use your head, ha? Student: But sir, my head is not that hard. Ezcursionist: You muat know "all the namea of these trees. Freshie, in a matter of fact way: Oh, just the scientific names. Excursionist: What is the name of that tree then? Freshie, without batting an eye: Hindicus alamus. EXCERPTS AND ... (Continued lrom Pale 42) glubJ& gave the higheat average specific adheaive stretlgth. 4. A maximum of siX;hour long aoaking in water at oi-dinary temperature did not weaken the adhesive, but aoaked longer than six hours, the glue joint weakened. • • • WOLMANIZED PROCESS EXPLAINED The Philippine Institute of Architects held a meeting at the PIA clubhouse. It was sponaored by the Wood Preservative Division of the Atlantic Gulf and Pacific Co. with Robert D. Hammond, sales representative of the division aa guest speaker. The architect-members heard Hammon explain the principlea, values and the advantages of the "Wolmanized" pressure-treated lumber process which will be undertaken aoon by his firm for local building demands. According to the extensive tests undertaken by the firm, this pressure-treatment for wood will revolutionize the cost of wood construction as the firm intends to treat only the soft-fiber woods such as October, 1953 Prof. in Spanish: Hey you, sleepyhead, what ia the masculine form of Americana? Student, to prove he is not half asleep, answers: Pantalon! A: I can't memorize that poem in Spanish by tomorrow. B: Neither can I. But if we cannot do it, we will have to write the poem a hundred times. A: I know that, but what shall we do? B: Time is fleeting, let's start writing now. Prof. Franco: What is that economic law that controls price? Half-awake senior: PRISCO sir. Ping: You say that your father handlea two joba in the government at th~ same time. How can thn be? Pong: Very elementary, you see, he is the collector of the internal and external revenue. Freshie: Boy, that 3-dimensional picture I saw was wonderful. I found the lion on my lap. Sophie (who wins every argument with a freahman): Lion, nothing. When I watched the 4-dimension show, I found an hones~ to goodness woman on my lap. Apitong, Lauan and Tanguile, both in rough stock lumber and plywood boards 10 as to protect them against dry-rot, fungi, termite and borers as well u to make them water-proof. Hammond said pressurized treated wood may be kiln-dried after treatment and may be painted with any oil-bound paint or stained and varnished according to the needs of the architect. Life expectancy of treated wood is claimed by the firm to be ten times longer than untreated wood of the same quality and under the same exposed conditions. Considering that these woods are amongst the cheapest of domestic commercial woods and the most in demand for low-cost structures, members of the institute foresee the great economic significance in the practical applications of this ne\v treatment not only for low-cost projects but alao for public housing projects of wood construction. PIA treasurer, Francisco B. Fajardo who recently arrived from an extended business and pleasure trip from the United States and Europe, also gave a brief report on his travel impressions abroad. After the meeting, architectural and technical films were projected through the courtesy of the USIS facilities. Sunday Times, Aug. 9, 1953 Pap43 A TALL TALE ... (Continued from page 22) tan stem so we would know where to come back for it later. Then we worked our way down to the town of San Vicente, <;agayan, where I wired Mr. Mickey: "Longest rattan found Stop Covers whole length of th:ree provinces from Nueva Vizcaya to Cagayan and back Stop End still undetermined Stop Send derricks, cranes, and spools to Casiguran to haul in rattan." Mr. Mickey did just that. Sub-sub and I took a bus to Aparri from where we took another bus for Manila. Mr. Mickey was all smiles when he met ws at his office although at first I suspected that he could not distinguish between us two, which was Sub-sub and which was I, for we pretty looked much alike, I having had no change of clothes and no shave since he. sent me on that confounded search. He handed us a few thousand pesos apiece and said, "I wouldn't be needing your services again, boys. The rattan you found for me will last till the next world war. Come around in 1980." But it is not losing my job that hurts. I guess you all know what happened next. Mickey's almost perpetual, easy to get supply of rattan had disastrous effects on the rattan trade. He held prices down till all other exports were forced out of business, for all Mr. Mckey did whenever he received an ·order for rattan canes was to roll in a few spools of it with hfs crane, and it was not long before he had a monopoly of the rattan trade in the Philippines. He is still in the business at present, but I expect to get my job back with him thirty years from now. By then, I hope that rattan would be all used up. And if I do get my job back, I'll never, never again send him any canes more than half a kilometer long. Oh, yes about the orchids. Did we go back for them? Well, Sub-sub and I made preparations to collect thvse rare beauties but upon going back to the place and after feasting our eyes on the wondrous magnificence of those flowers, I had a change of heart and after talking to Sub-sub for a full hour, we (Continued on page 45) Pap 44 Alumni anJ FrienJs/ The forestry campus is a beautiful place to see. The thousands that flock to this place ~ Sundays and holidays attest to that fact. You who were here will no doubt agree that the forestzy campus is a display of nature at her best. But you who were here will also agree that when the dark veil of night enshrouds the campus into an indistinct maS8, black and forbidding, you never felt as lonely and homesick in your life. Every forestry student experiences this feeling night after night with telling effects on his studies and his mental frame. ....... The situation fortunately can be remedied. And you are called upon to help us. The FORESTRY LEAVES is sponsoring a drive to raise funds for a movie projector. This projector will be the amwer to the studenttl need for diversion. Weekly movies will be shown them to relieve the tension of intensive studies and refresh their tired minds. When }"OU come for the alumni homecoming or for forestry conferences, the student body will be better eq;,,ipped to entertain you. Do nDt hesitate to give your share however small it may seem. The ball was started rolling when an American guest during the smokers ral· ly 'ave her share when the appeal was made. Let us keep that ball on the 113. Send your contributions to the Forester-in-Charge College of Forestry, College, Laguna. The FORESTRY LEAVES wishes to thank Miss ANNE B. COOKE of the USIS For her generous response to the appeal made for a movie projector FORESTRY LEAVES NATIONAL ECONOMY ... ( c~tinued from paie 2) out as a challenge. I can think of few other fields where the exercise of professional skill and high personal qualities will be more rewarding in national betterment. We of the F.O.A. recognize quite well the importance to continued well being of the Philippines, of the wise use of the forest resources. We are cooperating to the extent permitted by our policy and our means in measures designed by the Bureau of Forestry to facilitate some of the a'-l>roaches to solving the immediate problems and to assist in the longer range aspects. Some of ,these measures, such as ·the important matter of land classification, are already being applied. Others, including additions of your College facilities, expanded silvicultural and forest products research, and assistance in vital protection and reforestation are close to actuality. You probably are quite well aware of the details of this matter. Indeed, I recall a certain recent article in "Forestry iLeaves'' which indicates that you are extremely well aware of what is going on. I hope you will maintain an equally questioning attitude in all of your work. Such co:>peration as we may be able to extend, however, merely helps you to acquire some of the toots you will need in accomplishing the task ahead of you. And this applies to technical advice even more than to material things. That is why we have given research a prominent place in our planned cooperation. The practice of forestry is an art based on several sciences. It can not be formed into a stencil for application in different places in the same way. A new pattern must be developed for each new set of conditions. The early foresters in the United States were inclined to attempt applying European stencils to American conditions with unfortunate results. When we threw away the stencils but retained the principles to develop techniques suitable to American conditions, we began to make progress. That is why I expressed the October, 1953 A TALL TALE ... ( c~tinued from paae 45) both made torches and set fire to the whole grove. And as those exquisite flowers were eaten by the flames, a heavy load seemed to be lifted from my heart and my conscience was eased, for I knew that we had done the right thing for the lesson of the rattan was still fresh in my mind. Well, after all, who would value orchids if they were as common as weeds? Like Mickey's rattan these orchids would have overflooded the market, disturbing the balance between supply and demand and re3ulting in disastrous consequences to the orchid business. Don't you agree with me? FORESTRY IN THE ... (Continued from pa~ 41) "Thia achievement apeaka highly of your ability not only to rehabilitate an industry that was all wiped out by the war but also to rise to the occasion and meet our urgent national requirements for wood and other forest products," he added. Secretary Mapa calle'd the attention of the lumbermen to the tendency among some lumber companies to produce more logs and leas sawn lumber in view of the hip prices for logs offered by Japan. Manila Titn11JS, August 12, 1953 Be unselfish. That is the first and fmal commandment for those who would be useful and happy over their uaefulneas. If you think of yourself only, you cannot develop because you are choking the source of development which is spiritual expansion throup thoupts of others. hope that you will maintain a continually searching and questioning attitude as you relate advice or knowledge from all sources to your own specific problems. In conclusion, I would like to reiterate that although the problems confronting you foresters are great, the opportunity to make important contributions to the good of the Philippines is even greater. It represents a real challenge, and one which will require the best in professional skill and personal qual· ities to meet successfully. Pap45 GEORGE AUGUSTUS ... (Continued from paAe 19) know how to refuse them; he generally disappeared at the last moment because he always gave priority to his work. But if he accepted any invitation, he was jovial and a good mixer, conveying unselfishly to his people the things which he saw and observed locally and abroad. His social duty fulfilled, he slipped quietly from the occasi.:>n to resume his work. Forester Fabre judged men by their work and not by their titles or distinctions. He preferred a hard working man rendering satisfactory service than all the "gilded fools" put together. To him a task successfully accomplished was the best method of effective demonstration. Although he was religious in his work he was fond of his family. He spent his evenings to relax his body and mind with his four children and Madame Fabre (daughter of a forester) who was very understanding and concerned about him and his work. At home he had a frank, open and attractive face, always eager to extend his two hands to SEED MUSEUM •.. (Continued from pl14e 16) The museum should be enlarged and the only means of doin~ s.-l is for the alumni in the field to contribute samples to the collection. What is needed is a representative of the species (whether or not the seed is viable) provided all the essential features are present. The information to be submitted are: local name, official common name, scientific name ,family date of collection, site ele\•ation of mother tree, and to help build our seed museum, the only one of its kind in the Philippines. We need species particularly of the Dipterocarp family. This appeal is directed to the alumni in the field because we need samples from the different parts of the Philippines. It will give you a feeling of pride to know that you had a hand in building up our seed museum. · Pas• 46 welcome anyone. Profoundly christian, he sought God as a necessity in the search for truth. He was ·religiously tolerant. It was surprising to note that although he was a· Calvinist and in spite of the difficult circumstances imposed by the law concerning christians in France, he persuaded a priest over the hesitations of His Worship and the aishop of Nimes, not to abandon the Catholic religion in a parish without resources. When that solemn hour came into the highest village of the Aiguoal mountain, it was this same priest who announced his death and recommended him to the prayers of his faithful. "He died in full possession of his fine faculties, with the serenity of a christian who has the certainty ·of finding a God of peace, of justice and mercy." , It may be difficut to emulate the life of George Augustus Fabre--the man, the for.ester and the scientist. But as an ideal for all foresters of the world there is no question about his greatness. It is in this light that we can count upon our foresters that the Philippines is not wanting. How many of our for-·· esters are as great as Forester Fabre? There may be a number of them now but let us do them justice by writing their biographies for posterity. BARRIO IMPROVEMENT WEEK By presidential proclamation, October 4-10 of this year and every week beginning on the first Sunday of October hereafter, is Barrio Improvement Week, as sponsored by the PRUCIS. Committee chairmen for this year are the following: Mauro Baradi, legal and legislation; Agapito Burgos, labor problems; Zoilo Castrillo, public lands; Anastacio de Castro, finance and rural cooperatives; Jose Crisol, rural security; Jose Dorado, public relations; Isaias Fernando, public works; Jaime Ferrer, community organization; Fem Franco, forestry and parks; Jesus Mamisao, soil conservation; Regino Padua, health; Domingo Papirigan, agricultural extension; Bonifacio Quiaoit, commerce and industry; Dominador Rosell, pumps and irri1ation; Enrique Ruiz, education;' Juan Ruiz, town beautification; Alfredo Sese, rural welfare; Manuel Sumulong, animal industry; Toribio Teodoro, membership and Deogracias Villadolid, fisheries. FORESTRY LEAVES OUR SERVICE ... (Continued from page 6) ~Jassification work, how much has your Bureau accomplished to date? Mr. San Buenaventura-Of the total land area of 29,740,972 hectares of the Philippines, we have classified and certified to the Bureau of Lands as of June 30, 1952, 10,107,286 hectares (or 34%) as alienable and dis;. posable land; 1,799,308 hectares (or 6%) has been declared as timber-lands; 17,834,378 hectares are still unclassified. In our longrange plan, about 42 to 45 % of the Philippines shall be permanently kept as forest or timberlands. With the aid of the MSA and PHILCUSA we now have 40 land class! ificatfon parties distributed all over the Philippines, and a few smaller parties from our regular appropriations. Our aim is to classify 400,000 hectares a year. The greater part of these lands are in Mindanao, Cagayan Valley, Samar, Mindoro, Negros and Pa· lawan. Mr. Canciller-I see that your Bureau is 1 a money-making office in the Government, but do you think the forest revenue can be increased? Mr. San Buenaventura-I think so, if the Bureau is given more facilities. As an example, I may cite this: Our allotment for travelling expenses is about P139,000.00 a year. We have over 700 forest officers (Foresters, Rangers and Forest Guards) in the field, so each Officer has only about P15.00 per month for traveling expenses. This means that he can work in the field for only 3 to 4 days per month. Under our policy, a forest officer should be in the field at least 20 days a month. The longer a forest officer can go on field inspection, the more the forest taxes he would cause to be collected In short, I can say this: for every additional peso given in our appropriations, at least two pesos would be returned to be National Treasury. FLASH! A commu~cation receive~ from Me:icico City informs that Director Florencio Tamesis was admitted 1 into the Society of American Foreatera. October, 1953 THE BUREAU OF ... (Continued from page 9) in Washington, D.C., last May a~d the pe90 requirements, description of the project and the guiding principles were just recently submitted to the PHILCUSA, it can be considered commendable work on the part of the PHILCUSA and MSA that within a short time, the Bureau of Forestry was informed that soon, the project agreements shall have been signed by the Chief of the U.S. Mission and the Chairman of PHILCUSA, and the project will start functioning within the first quarter of the fiscal year 1953-1954. The total American financial assistance far the purchase of vehicles and other equipment is $204,000.00 and the PHILCUSA. counterpart fund is Pl,197,200.00. To this end we shall endeavor to collect the estimated two million pesos which the Bureau has failed to collect due to lack of transportation facilities, personnel and funds to defray the sundry expenses of the field personnel. The Bureau of Forestry should endeavor to include in its 1954-1955 appropriation the running expenses of the project. 1953 Sep. 29 PM 4 00 157 SM526 NFB 576 MX 107 MEXICO DF 22 28 NFT LT DEAN FLORENCIO TAMESIS DIRECTOR OF FORESTRY MANILA Fll.IPINAS SINCERAS FELICITACIONES POR HABER SIDO UNANIME ELECTO SOCIO HONORARIO SOCIEDAD FORESTAL AMERICANA TOMAS Gll.L ICFM Compliments of Hadji Datu Usman Mampen l'IMBER & FIREWOOD LICENSEE Cotabato, Cotabato Pap 47 ORANDANG RANCH & PLANTATION, INC. Owner and Operator of: PARANG LUMBER MILL at Orandang, Parang, Cotabato PRODUCER OF QUALITY PHILIPPINE MAHOGANY FOR EXPORT TRADE AND LUMBER FOR LOCAL CONSUMPTION. Lumber Yard at: Cotabato, Cotabato DON FELIX EVANGELISTA Manager Office: Cotabato, Cotabato Page 48 FORESTRY LEAVES Dulawan Sawmill Dulawan, Cotabato Owned & Operated by: E. C.TANGHAL Can Supply: Yakal, Malave, Ipil, Apitong & Lauan Main Office: Cotabato, Cotabato Compliments Of Mrs. Dayang Yy Piang Dulawan, Cotabato Timber Licensee, area between Maridagao River and Sayre Highway Can Supply: Philippine Red and Light Red Mahogany; Fancy Philippine Hardwoods. PULIDO LOGGING & TRANSPORTATION We deal in all kinds of timber and forest products. Our buses ply between Cotabato and Malaybalay, Buxidnon. GIL D. PULIDO Manager & Proprietor Office: Carmen, Kabacan, Cotabato _J October, 1953 ANOTHER TRY The Bureau of Forestry·-araws the bulk of its technical men from the College of Forestry, U.P., the only institution in the Philippines that trains men for farestry work. Its enrolment is unfortunately small and smaller still is the number of graduates turned out each year. This explains why the Bureau cannot easily fill its vacant positions. Severa? remedies have been tried. Men wh.:> had no formal training along forestry lines were taken in the service. Some made go.:>d, the rest, handicapped by lack of training, rendered poor service. Deserving fieldmen of the Bureau were sent to the College but this did not help much in solving the problem. Recently, Director F. Tamesis made another try. Gathering a gr.:>up of young hono;. students from high schools all over the country, he sent them to take the ranger course in the College of Forestry as ranger trainees. Their expenses are paid by the government. When they finish their studies, they will fill in the vacant positions in the Bureau. This p.llicy not only aims to solve the personnel shortage eventually, but also to attract more intelligent young men to take up forestry. Director Tamesis deserves praises for this move and more because he has kept on trying. We wish him luck and success. -N. T. Vergara A CHALLENGE The Bureau of Forestry has made an investment in the twenty-seven valedictorians, salutatorians and first class boy scouts that are at present taking the ranger course in the College of Forestry,, U.P. Sent to college .as government trainees, these young men are to fill the· numerous vacancies in the Bureau after they finish their studies. In any business I ·.· The Staff of the FORESTRY LEAVES Organ of the Student Body and Alumni of the College of Forestry, U.P. Associate Editors: College, Laguna 1953-1954 BERNARDO C. AGALOOS Editor in Chief Manqini Editor NAPOLEON T. VERGARA Contributini Editon: 1. FELICIANO V. BARRER FORTUNATO .ARCANGEL FLORENCIO MAURICIO JULIAN R. MEIMJSAN, JR. Business Manaier BENJAMIN D. ALMONTE TEOFILO A. SANTOS Board ol Mana'9ment FRANCISCO N. TAMOLANG · 1 ALFONSO TIAM Circulation Dept. Ii PELAGIO BAUTISTA Asst. Bus. Manager BENJAMIN BATOON HERMAN AGPAWA \' RAFAEL MOLINO . Prof. JOSE B. BLANDO ANASTACIO SISON BIENVENIDO PARAGAS Adviser JOSE DE LA ROSA 'I I EDMUNDO CORTES MARIANO VALERA 'I; I I ·================:========================================\ Page SO FORESTRY LEAVES investment, the investor runs the risk of losing. The Bureau's 'investment is no exception. These ranger trainees are expected to make good. They are challenged to live up to our expectations.-BCAAFTER THE PLANTING Every second Saturday of September is Arbor Day, one day out of three hundred and sixty-five days when our mute friends the trees, are remembered. Hundreds and thousands of trees are planted on this day throughout the country by school children, public officials and civic-spirited groups. Well and good as far as it goes. Growing a plant into a tree is not so sim pie as sticking a seedling in the ground, however. It needs a little care, a little tending. Unfortunately, this phase of planting is often forgotten. It is not surprising to find only a few plants living among those planted last · year, if the plants were not tended. The true purpose then of Arbor Day is defeated if, after the planting, the plants are left to themselves unprotected, uncared for and unremembered till next Arbor Day.-BCAOF OUR NEW FORESTER IN CHARGE When news got around that the "Grand Old Man," Professor Harold Cuzner, was retiring, ours was as good as anybody's guess as to who was going to be the next forester-in-charge. And, as usual, everybody wished that his successor was one who not only knew the problems of the school but was a man of action. One who planned and pushed throu~h his plans. It is yet too early to make predictions but if we are to judge what the new man at the post can do, the improvements that we are getting are very auspicious signs, indeed. Now we have a real reading room, an answer to the students' perennial cry since liberation -for a library which can accommodate a good number, not only a handful, of students. We have more convocations at which prominent men are asked to address the student body. Other problems vitally affecting the student body and the faculty are being looked into, and an assurance that everything humanly possible will be done to solve them, one at a time, has been made. -F.V.B. LEFT IN THE LURCH? Metrop.:>litan papers reported that educators and legislators hailed the presidential approval of a bill increasing the salaries of public school teachers and officials. The bill provided not only for higher salary scales for teachers but also for automatic salary increases for every five years of efficient service before and after its enactment. Previous to this, legislation likewise boosted the salaries of other government employees. It was high time, they said, that these low paid and. self-sacrificing employees were given better remuneration. When I hear these praises heaped upon these fortunate public servants and not a single soul-lifting word for the foresters and rangers in the government service, my outlook towards life becomes dim. For we, less publicized and unsung hard-working public servants, guardian of our vast forest wealth, - have been disregarded for quite a long time already. Without any inOctober, 1953 Page 51 tention of casting aspersions upon our C.)lleagues in the government service, I believe that ~oresters and rangers undergo more sacrifices and m.)re more strenuous "work, unmind~. ful of the unknown dangers lurking in the forests. The bill, providing for the standardization of the salaries of foresters and rangers were-submitted by C.)ngressman Marcos M. Calo for consideration during the fourth session of Congress. The bill barely reached the amendment stage when the session ended. There are those wh.) say that increases cannot be granted due to the condition of our finances. Yet, increases were given others. I just cannot make heads or tails of it! The increases sought for in the bill are not too much. They are just enough to enable the foresters and rangers t.) put a little more in their stomachs and a little more · clothing on their backs. The foresters and rangers continue their work with zeal and byalty, trying to give more than what their unremedied situation can afford. Are they to be left in the lurch? CAMPUS NOTES . . . (Continued from page 30) CONTRIBUTORS TO THE MOVIE Dean Florencio Tamesis ................. . Pl0.00 Prof. Calixto Mabesa ................... . Prof. Eugenio de la Cruz ............... . Prof. Felix Franco ..................... . Prof. Gregorio Zamuco ................. . Compliments Of OLARD TIMBER . COMPANY, INC. Page 52 Cotabato, Cotabato MANUEL LIM Manager 10.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 -T.A.S. Dr. Artemio Manza ..................... . Prof. Teodoro Delizo ................... . Prof. Emiliano Roldan ................. . Forester Osiris Valderrama ............. . Forester Mario Eusebio ................ . Forester Martin Lagrimas ............. . Forester Ciriaco Galutira ............... . Prof. Jose B. Blando ................. . 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 10.00 Are You Taking the Forester and ranger examination? Here are some of the references you can make use ofIssue Vol. II, No. 4; 1947-1948 Issue Vol. III, No. 3, Sept., 1949 ... Vol. III, No. 2, 1948 - 1949 Graduati.)n Issue ..... . Vol. V, No. 2, Aug. 1950 Issue Vol. IV, No. 3, December 1950 Vol. IV, No. 1, 1950 Anniv . Issue . ., ............. . V,)1. V, No. l,' September 1951 Vol. IV, No, 4, 1951 Graduauation Issue ......... . V.:>l. V, No. 4, October 1952 Price :Pl.SO each 1.50 each 2.00 each 1.00 each 1.50 each 2.50 each.; 2.00 each 2.00 each Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.50 each (Only Limited copies available) Vol. V, No .3, April 1952 Gradtion Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.00 each Send your order to the Business Manager, .. ~ F .:>restry Leaves, College, Laguna. ·· BUSINESS MANAGER. Forestry Leaves FORESTRY LEAVES YOUR FRIEND When your eyes are· holding back a tear, an' failure seems to haunt whate'er y.;:iu start; an' when your soul is burdened down with fear, an' c.are is gnawin' steady at your heart; ain't it grand to hear somebody say: "I'm stickin' with you, felbw, to the end!" And then to know he's with you all the way, to be an understandin', faithful friend? When your back is jammed agin the wall, an' odds are high agin you pullin' through; an' when you see your castles quake an' fall, an' all your dreams are wryly mockin' you; ain't it swell to feel somebody's hand steal into yours an' grip its warm ·embrace, assurin' you in words you understand that "he is runnin' by you in the race? When you're saggip' 'neath a heavy load, an' weary from your burden an' your care;· an' when your feet are stumblin' .:m the road, an' when your heart .is cryin' in .despair; ain't 1 it nice to feel a beamin' smile from someone whose encouragement is sh.:>wn by how he cbeers you onward, every mile, to let you know you do not fight alone? When your troubles double by the score, an' you're convinced that fates have crushed your name; an' when you're blue an' sick at heart, an' sore because it seems you fight a losin' game; ain't it fine just what a smile can do to buck you up, an' help you to the end; an' when your heart's a-bustin' 'most in two, ain't it grand to know you have a friend? Republic of the Phitipplaee Department of Public Worln and Comauaiealicml BUREAU OF POSTS Muila SWORN STATEMENT (Required by Act No. 2580) The undersigned, JULIAN R. MEIMBAN, Jr., Business Mana,er, of FORESTRY LEAVES, published quarterly in En,lish at Colle~, La,una, after having been duly sworn in accordance with law, hereby submits the following statement of ownership, management, circulation, etc., which is required by Act No.· 2580, as amended by Commonwealth Act NC'. 201: Name Potlt Ollice Addreu Editor-Benjamin D. Almonte ................................ College, Laguna Managing Editor-Bernardo C. A'aloos ........................ College, Laguna Business Manager-Julian R. Meimban, Jr ...................... College, Laguna Publisher-Student Body and Alumni, Colle~ ol Forestry, U.P. . .. Co!Jc::,(e, Laguna Printer-Community Publishers, Inc. . ......................... 2666 Herran St., Manila Office of Publication .......................................• College, Laguna If publication is owned by a corporation. stockholders owning one per cent or more of the total amount of stocks: Not applicable. Bondholders, mortgagees, or other security holders owning cne per cent or more o.f the total amo.unt of stock: None. In case of daily publication, average number of copies printed and circulated of each issue during the preceding month of: Not applicable. In case of puhlication other than daily, total number of copies printed and circulated of the last iaue dated March, Graduation Issue, Vol. VI, No. 1, 1953. 1. Sent to paid subscribers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519 2. Sent to others than paid subscribers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481 TOTAL 1,000 (Sgd.) JULIAN R. MEIMBAN, Jr. "Buaineu Manqer Subscribed and sworn to before me this April 1, 1953, at Lo.a Baiios, Laguna, the affiant eirhibited his Residence Certificate No. A-4094589 issued at Los Banos, Laguna on January 9, 1953. (NOTE) .-This form is e:s:empt from the payment of documentary tu. (S1d.) AURELIO C. ALMAZAN Mayor, I.Ga Baiios "Visit Our U.P. Los Banos College''