March of events

Media

Part of Farming and Cooperatives

Title: March of events
Language: English
Year: 1946
Subject: Biographical sources.
Rights
Abstract: Highlights of Mr. McNutt's service as high commissioner
Biographical sketch of honorable Paul V. McNutt
Fulltext: MARCH OF EVENTS l)FFICE OF UNITED STATES HIGH COMMISSIOl'IER TO THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS Highlights of l\Ir. McNutt's Service as High Commissioner. During First Tenn of Service 1937-1939 1. Organization of Office of High Commissioner from Staff of Governor-General. 2. Round-Robin Letter to Foreign Consuls 3. Rebuke to German Consul fer acti\·ities in connection with Anschi us.< Plebiscite. . 4. Support of congressional appropriation for construction of Residence of High Commissioner. 5. Proposal for re-examination ot Philippine Independence. 6. Proposal for de,·elopment of continued economic relations with Philippines on preferential basis. During Second Tenn of Service I. ~ormulation of proposal tor postmdependence trade relations with and advocacy of Philippine inde!'endence with free trade and postmdependence aid and cooperation. 2. Direction of administration forces and successful campaign for pas•a!!:e of Bell Act. 3. Formulation of war damage payments proposal. . 4. Direction of administration forces and successful campaign for approval of \Var Damage Bill by House including amendments increasing War Damages from 435,000.000 to 620,000,000. S· Advocacy of benefits for Philippine veterans and formulation of interim emergency veterans bill •known as Philippine Veterans Bill of 1946. 6. Securing administration pledge to provide additional benefits for Philippine veterans in the form of educational and emplovment opportunities. · 7. Advocacy of settlement of emergenq• currencr obligations and definition of obligations for guerrilla money. 8. Mission to Washington with President-elect Roxas and support of loans for Philippine Government. 9. Arrangement for establishment of Embassy in Manila. 10. Organization of Council of Federal Agencies and coordination of all Federal activities under super\•ision of High Commissioner. 11. Arrangements for transition of Federal agencies to new status un14 der independence. 12. Initiation of congressional mandate for holding national election in Philippics. I 3. Arrangement ior settlement for collaborationist question hv dt•cision to place responsibility in i'hilippine hands. q. Public advocacy, by speech and state1nent1 of the following a. Elevation of statu,; of the Tao and elin1ination of rconomtc ieudalism. h. ln,lustrialization of Philippine ~conom\· and diversification of agriculiural enterprise. c Avoidance of super-nationali,m. <l. i\ !aintenance of "hands-of!'" polic\· in national election. e. l\!aintenance of 111t1mate Philippine-American relations after independence. f. Support of American aid to repair ravages of \\'ar in Philippines. Commonwealh of the Philippines DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND COMMERCE BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY OFFICE OF THE PROVINCIAL AGRICULTURAL SUPERVISOR Cebu, Cebu May 23, 1946 The Officer in Charge Manila Sir: On May 24 and 25, 1946, there will be a Farmers National Convention in Manila as per attached copy of the letter of invitation from the Philippine Farmers Association. We have sent copies of this invitation to some prominent farmers near Cebu City, because the invitation came rather late. Inasmuch as we cannot attend the convention I wish to state here thru you and for the Farmers National Convention the points vitally important for the immediate rehabiliation of agriculture in Cebu and possibly hroughout the Philippines: 1. Cheap commercial fertilizers within reach of the ordinary farmer. 2. Baby tractors with pneumatic tires to be operated by the government and to be rented to small farmers or planters at operating cost. 3. Easy long term loans to farmers. Very respectfully, (Sgd.) ANTONIO DERECHO Act. Prov. Agric. Supervisor Biographical Sketch of Honorable Paul V. McNutt Paul Vories McN utt, appointed first Ameri<·an Amhas,;ador to the Philippines, crlehratt<I in Januarv of this vrar the middle mark of his c;;reer, thirt~en years of which he spent as a law professor and law school dean, and thirteen years in public life. He received his law degree from Harvanl University in 1916. after completing his undeq:raduate studie> at the Universit)" of Indiana in 1913. But even before attending Harvard, l\-IcNutt \\·as admitted to the Indiana State bar, as a result of hi' having '"read'" law in the office of his father, a distinguished lawyer and political leader of Indiana. Ju>t a> hr was graduating from Har· vanl. the lJ nite1l States hegan prepar• ing for possible t"\'rntualities arising from the conflict then raging in F~uropr. 'i,.oung !\'fcNutt \\'as commissioned :1 captain in the Fielcl Artillen· reserve<. Just heiore America hecam.e inrnh·e,I in the \\'ar, i\IcNutt \\'as namrd an :1ssistant professor of la\\' at lndian:1 lTniversity, less th:-111 a year :ifter his graduation from Harvard. :\lcl'\utt wa< called into artive sen1 icr, :1nd rosr durine: the war to thr rank of Lieut<nant Colonel in the Field Artillerr. In 192.~ he \Vas promoted, in the re:'.erves, tn thr rank of Colonel. Although active in the organiz:;tion of the American Legion and in other similar activities, i\ lcN utt remained primarilv a teacher. In 192 <; he was named dean of the law school of the U nivrrsit1• of Indiana. At ).1, he was one of th~ voungest law sch~ol deans in the nation In 1928, Dean i\kNutt became national commander of the American Legion, becoming overnight a national figure. In 1932, the Democratic Party, hv unanimous vote. nominated him to run for Governor of Indiana. His name was placed in nomination hy his own father. Overwhelmigly elected, Governor l\kN utt proceeded to institute a '"new deal" in his state, even before the New Deal was taking shape in \.Y ashington. He: established social securit:y, a workmen's compensation board, and converted a heavy state deficit into an unprecedented surplus by the time his term was ended in 1936. Prohibited by the state constitution from being a candidate to suc· ceed himself, McN utt campaigned for thP reelection of President Roosevelt. Early in 1937, President Roosc1•eh named McNutt, who had never bee~ wr:o-t of San Fram.:is..:o. a:-; .:\mrrican H.ig,h Commissioner to thr Philirrim-,. to succcecl Commi"inner Frank ;\lurphr . .-\1rcatlr one oi thr rising ti~ures on the nati~nal political horiz,;n. ;\k:\'utt came to the Philippines in the midst oi natinna 1 pn-:os pn· .. liction~ that hi~ :'-tay hen· would h .. · :'-hort anti that he \\"3$ hein~ ··~ro.::1netl"' for othl'r as~i;!nmrnts. H1· n·mained in the Philippines for tW•l vrars. he..::une det'ph intf'rcstt·d in the l.'hilippines. and t'YC;, :ift,•r he left thr Hi~h Cnmmis=--iont"r0 :'po~t to hcconw Ft•clcral SrcuritY Administrator with ,·.-.hi net rank. G;11·crnor ;\le'.\' ult maint:.ined his contacts with Filipino lraders :incl his ;!rt":tt intcre'1 in Philippine aifafr,_ Hr frrquemlr spoke on the Far East and on the Philippinrs during the 1.-ar. ;\ f rs. ;\ fc :\'Ult 11·as one ni the lead in I! figures in the Philippine "' ar Rrlief drin-s, and ;\k:\' utt. him>eli. was prominent in 1nany or~anization~ interr~tf'd in Far Eastern 1n;1ttcrs. including the Unit<d China Relief. In 19.p. Gm·ernor ;\le:\ utt "·as f'am·'d h Pre~idcnt Roose,·elt to be ''czar'' of ci,·ilian manpo,n."r in . the l! nitrd States with title of \Var :.\Tanpower Conunis:--iorier, retainin;? his post :1, Frdt•r.I Securit\· Administrator. He >rn-ccl as \ V :ir ;\ r :u;power Commis>ioner throughout the war. hring the nnh· one nf thr war-timr "czar::• to finish ti1e assi;?mnent lw started. In late summer cf 19+5 President Tru man sent Commissioner :.\le:\' utt t~ :.\Ia: nila to study conditions here and to report 011 le;!islati\-e and ~onumic need~ of rhc I.lands. Shorth- after :.\le" utt rt·turned ancl reported". the President asked him to return to ;\lanila for a second tenn as J-li~h Cmnn1issioner. '\'ATIO'."AL LIBRARY HEAD REQl'ESTS DONATION OF JULY +TH SOFVE;>.;IRS FOR POSTERITY COLLECTION' Strl"!'sing the historical importance of the date Julv +th in the histon· of our countrr. Assistant Director -Luis :Montilla is appealing thru the columns of all our mt·tropolitan newspapers to urge e\·eryhody to donate for the Lihrary's plsterity rnllections of at least six samples of any commemorative object that they may issue ih connection with the inaugurntion of our Republic. "ft i$ our obligation to posterity," he said, "to consen·e everr object of whatever kind, whether it be a medal, book, pamrh l~t. picturr, coin, stamp, etc. that has ""me relation with the hirth of our new independent state. Future generations shall find in these ohjective testimonials of thr great day inspiration to patriotic impulses and cause ·for the. · \"cneration FARMING AND COOPERATIVES Revolution In The Corn Belt (Condensed from Harper's Magazine-Kurt Steel) Four and a half million American farmers have put 13,000,000 bushels of seed corn into the ground this year. If all of it were planted in one field. that field would be about the size <>f the state of California. The harvest will be more than three billion bushels-enough to fill a freight train stretching half-way around the world. Corn is our greatest crop by any measurement-acreage, bulk or value. It is usually worth about as much as our cotton, wheat and oat crops combined. The story of corn is more exciting than any list of statistics. To begin with, it is a mystery story. No one knows how corn originated. It is an orphan among grains, belonging to no known family. As if to make up for this, com has attached itself so devotedly to man for unnumbered centuries it has depended on man's help for its survival. No corn has ever been found growing wild. Why? Look at an ear, its kernels tightly packed together and wrapped in many layers of husk. When it falls to the ground, this wrapping prevents the individual kernel from sprouting. Or if by accident they do sprout, there will be so many in a hill that they will starve each other out. We do know that the birthplace of corn was somewhere in North or Central America. Probably Mexico or Guatemala. It has been continuously cultivated in the Western Hemisphere for perhaps 20,000 years. Taken to of their :;ires who made freedom a reality through ;anifices not :ilnne in battle hut also in peace." The :\'ational Lihrary i,; maintaining the Gallen· of Art ancl Historr Division whcr; not onl\' \\'orks of .art arc kept, presen·cd anci <·xhibitcd but also historical objects. It is the plan of :.\fr. ;\fontilla to maintain c\·cntuallv a special collc:ction of J ulr +th som:enirs or commemorative objects, and 11·orks or publications for the daih• inspiration of future :,!;enerations \\"ho. mar desire to l"isit the gallery. In America, according to :\fr. Montilla all the souvenirs of July +th in I 776, arc priceless rarities which arc ze:J!ously kept and preserved i1y colJ("ctnrs and mu:;cmn curators. Each clonation will be exhibited with indi"idual legends hearing the names of the donors s~ that the future mar know its hcnefacturs, said the Libr~rr Chief. Europe in the 16th century, corn rapidly made itself at home. Today it is the one global plant. It can be grown in every land where man carries on agriculture. Thus a revolution in corn culture should be of incalculable value in feeding and rehabilitating a war shattered world. And just such a revolution is taking place. Its cyclonic is "hybrid" corn. This scientific revolution can be seen from a train window in all but four states. In Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, and Ohio the change has been so complete as to leave almost no traces of the old order. In the other eight states of the corn belt, and to a lesser degree in the rest of the 48 states the revolution is still going on. What the traveler sees is first a field with the same ragged unbarbered look that cornfields have had for thousands of years-and 200 yards beyond, a second field where the tasseled crest is as neat and trim as a crow haircut. In the first field some stalks Are lofty and spindling, others short and stocky; the ears grow high, low and middling; and hundreds of stalks have been broken and uprooted by wind and hail. In the second field the plants are like identical paper dolls. not a single stalk is bent over, and the ears hang uniformly at waist height. At harvest time. since no machine can; reach high and stoop low to gather earn, the first farmer must bring in his crop by hand, and it will take a good man to husk as much as 100 bushels a day. But in the second field any two high school boys able to drive a tractor can bring in the harvest with a machine which picks and husks 1000 bushels of corn a day. In many sections of Illinois and Iowa 90 per cent of the corn is husked by machinery. In 1925 it took 14 man-hours of hard work to grow an acre of corn. Machinery on the best farms has cut this to six man-hoUl'S of labor. Last fall the old-fashioned farmer lair! out no cash for seed; he used the most likely-looking ears saved from his own crop. The progressive farmer this spring paid a commercial producer about $80 for enough hybrid seed to plant his 60-acre field. ( Co11li11111•d "" page 19) 15