Industrial Notes

Media

Part of Philippine Craftsman

Title: Industrial Notes
Language: English
Year: 1912
Rights
Fulltext: 436 . ' THE PHILIPPINE CRAPTS,liAS DIN ING CHAIR IJII d1mens1ons Metric To find eq~.,nvatenl m Engi,Sh 1nches. chvide by 025 1'1 ~ .... .l ll. Note:- S1x cna1rs are usua/fy made wtfh fhtS set. tr om: armed cha1r 1S des/red. widen lhepl.t~m cha1r ten cenftmeterJ (4"') A plusing t~pe of dining-room chair consltL!clod with a view to tervice and economy. INDUS TRIAL NOTES 437 ! . J.!! 09S OJ'.J0."<>+•• _.'J. ; ! ~-u-----f. ~'--7s! ·Rr ~ ~ j .:::~ I ~.o,i. = '-___ j___ DINING TABLE All dltm:nSions l'fdrtc.J(j fiild equJValtm/ m Cng!t.JI> mclle:.dwlde by.O~s b. An uc•llent dulgnfordlnlno-roomt•blt--economlcal•ndurvlceablt. INDUSTRIAL NOTES. De~~~st~;ti:~e ~:;tu:~s ;!ta:;~;, I ~:!!~;s~lo!~e t~!a~:nr::: ::;:a!:~: Batangas, on October 10, 1912, was Teachers now say that fiber plants the display of industrial plants of the for basketry are plentiful in most province. The plants, with roots, districts of Batangas. Other provstem and all, collected by Mr. George 1 inces will probably follow the same Whiting in his district at Tanauan, course in their search for materials: were planted in boxes with some gold At first a doubt as to the presence soil and shipped to the provincial of materials, then eagerness to buy capital. them from some other place, and In the exhibit were several species finally a recognition of the fact that of nito. The palms were represented the plants that yield these industrial by tipon-tipon and the fishtail palm. fibers are found within easy reach, ~c~~~d~~~~~ll;~~i;; ~!e~~~~~ ::~ I on ;~:r~~:~~sd;t the Batangas exhibit other more developed plants-Ban- attracted considerable attention, and ban, lukmoy and the important vine the questions asked by visitors were "silang pugo"-were also exhibited. evidence of the interest shown. The It is of interest to note how the value of such an exhibit lies in aCteachers in Batangas Province came quainting the teachers, the younger to know the various materials with generation, the townspeople, and which they are now working. A re- many of the barrio people with the port to the Director, dated July 7, plants which should come into more 1911, says "Basketry material is very general use. scarce. Teachers seem to know very In connection with such an exhibit little of the ordinary materials. of industrial plants, it would be adLukmoy can be obtained sufficiently visable to have also displays of raw cheap in Mindoro to be used in the and prepared materials, and actual schools." Another report under date processes showing the working of the of October 14,1911, says: "They have fibers into finished articles. tipon-tipon growing quite plentifully. After the exhibit in Batangas, the They have found that basketry rna- plants were taken to the Normal lnterial may be obtained from Min- stitute which was then in session, doro at a reasonable price." Under so that the teachers might become date of November 20, 1911, in cir- thoroughly familiar with the induscular No. 62, s. 1911, the Division trial plants of the province.- T. l\l. Superintendent of Batangas quotes o a letter from Mr. Whiting of the Not many of the trade schools or same province, parts of which are as manual training departments in these follows: "During the past month I Islands have been under the personal have made quite an extensive search I direction of the same principal for for lukmoy and found it growing ex- any considerable length of tim~ .. tensively in all barrios of Tanauan, The establi~hment of new industrial Lipa and Sto. Tomas • • •. I schools, the annual departure of have also found another plant • • • American instructors, and the time commonly called bamban by the required to properly train Filipino 438 IXDUSTRIAL XOTES 439 teachers to direct in a competent I to the Philippine Expositiou held in manner the instruction therein given February, 1912. Some of these PI!• have occasioned frequent shifts in pils arc still studying carpentry the teaching forces. Occasionally under me; others have taken posia principal is met whose service has tions as instructors in this branch, continued since the establishment of and the rest have gone to Manila the school. One of these is Mr. Exe- to continue their secondary studies. quie\ Magsaysay, of the manual "Last year (1911-12) I had 33 training department of the Zambales pupils in the seventh grade, 32 in provincial school. His notes and the fifth grade, and 36 in the fourth impressions on the success obtained grade. All were taught carpentry by graduates trained under him are and drawing, as outlined by the of more than passing moment, for Bureau of Education."-L. R. ~ they indicate the interest and concern felt by the instructor in the welfare of his students in the vocation they DESIGNS IN M~~~~~~~S. l'EEDLEWORK have chosen. He has the following to say with The October number of the Modrespect to graduates of his school, ern Priscilla contains an exception~~:~ 8or~cue':~~~;;; and the salaries I ~~l~g~2~\~~m::;s;:ea~er~n P~:::~n~ "There are at present more than is truly beautiful and the chemisettes fifty of my former pupils engaged on page 8 are very pretty and dainty in carpentry work with an average and, treated in this way, make wage of f>-I a day. Specific mention a most desirable novelty. Exception of some of the most successful may is taken to the statement that the be of interest. One is at present a collar, No. 12-10-18, is perfectly foreman of native carpenters en- lovely for a child's coat: its beauty gaged in the Bureau of Public Works is spoiled by the clumsy corners. in Manila at a daily wage of t>-5; Lighter ones, more in balance with another is working as a carpenter the collar, could easily be formed in the Naval Reservation at Olon- with the same leaf design used in gapo drawing a monthly salary of the outer edge, and a simpler effect f'IOO; anothe1· is employed as car- more suitable for child's wear could penter in schoolhouse construction thus be obtained. in the Province of Zambales at a The Home Needlework Magazine daily wage of 1'"2. Others are em- for August-September, 1912, conployed as carpenters in the Olon- tains a number of designs which are gapo Naval Reservation. One stu- very nice. The filet crochet border on dent worked as carpenter on bridge page 239 is particularly good, also the construction during the last long design for the belt on page 262 and vacation using his brother's tools. the collar on pages 233 and 235. Of "I have also been told that more the waist designs, those on pages 244 than fifty of my former pupils have and 248 are simple and good. Those purchased their own tools, with which on 245 and 247 are poor, however, they do private work as carpenters being spoiled by the circular sieveoutside of their regular work hours. like arrangement of open work on the "Three of my former pupils in I front. The same unit could be recarpentry at Iba are now studying duced in size and repeated in symtrade work in the !\Ianila Trade metrical arrangement, thus securing School. Ten pupils worked last a much more pleasing effect. Of year on the articles or exhibits sent the corset covers, the design on page 440 THE PHILIPPINE CRAFTSMAN 254 is best. The motifs used in that 110. Nos. 2701-5 and 2702-5 are on pag-e 251 arc disjointed and lack correlation, and that on page 252 has an unfinished appearance. The line of the design could be extended to follow the top line or the central front line of the garment with better the only other good ones. This publication should prove very helpful in suggestions for designs of commercial value.-S. C. J. effect. The chemise design on page The policy of the Bureau of 256 has a barren look; one feels a Education with respect to existing desire to complete it. Another simple industrial courses is that of giving curve reaching toward the inside of pupils sufficient training in as many the shoulder line and enclosing a industrial branches as can be adsmaller butterfly would improve it. vantageously pursued, for the purThe design for the breakfast set pose of preparing them for a useful on page 258 is very nice, but the ja- livelihood. From time to time, howbots on pages 259 and 260 arc poorly ever, instructions from superintendshaped. Beauty of line is sacrificed ents affecting school industrial work to novelty in the first one, and the appear in such a form as to indicate second is not graceful. Reveres and that ce1·tain other very important side frills are no long-er novelties. elements may well be taken into Just as a design, howeve1·, that on account in this connection. page 264 is part icularly nice, while A recent division circular from the design on page 263 is poor. The Laguna brin!):S into prominence one line of the foliage is poorly directed, very important consideration under being mechanical and unnatural. the subject of ''The Time Element There is a lack of coherence in the in Industrial Work." Certain pordesign on page 265 and the corner lions of it are so suggestive and of that on page 266 is spoiled by timely in relation to our entire indropping the insect motif upon it. dustrial plan that it is thought adThe crochet bags on pages 273, 274 visable to give them in full: and 275 are good. The Oesigns show "The purpose of the Bureau of both unity and coOrdination, qualities Education in introducing industrial lacking in much of the I rish crochet I work in the public schools is to make seen. out of the pupils men and women Embroidery Lessons with Colored who a1·e economically efficient and Studies for 1913, published by Brain- thereby increase the intelligence, erd and Armstrong Co., contains a wealth and prosperit~· of the country. large number of acceptable designs, "To be economically efficient it is some of which a1~ very good; only necessary to be able to produce artithe cushion tops are poor. The use cles of commercial value in working a of the American ftag to decorate a reasonable amount of time. If we sofa pillow as on page 103 seems an cannot teach our pupils to make inappropriate placing of ornament. more and better articles in a given Cushion top No. 1600-3 has no value amount of time than formerly profor design and the others on this page duced we arc not making much are poorly constructed. The same is progress. to be said of those on page 107 and "The formula for efficiency iro. page 109, except No. 1600-12, which quality x quantity. is good; it would be still better if the corners were filled. On pages 111, time design 2702- 2 is acceptable in that It is understood that beginners canspace but poorly placed in the larger not produce as much as skilled space as shown in No. 2701-2 on page operators and quality should be emf,\"DUSTRIAL NOTES 441 phasized rather than quantity, yet the time element is important and the time in which an article can be produced or a given amount of labor performed should decrease from day to day or the efficiency does not increase. ;'In order to emphasize the time element and in order to better judge the efficiency of each pupil, individual work should be encouraged. The making of an article by a class or by a group of pupils should be discouraged unless the work is so divided that the efficiency of each pupil may be determined." Modern business conditions are requiring that greater insistence be placed upon this very point of increased efficiency in industrial and commercial methods of production, and it is safe to say that if the element of time is given the emphasis that it deserves, pupils will be Jed to comprehend this very essential factor, with which they will be brought face to face in any industrial or business effort.-L. R. S. The division superint~ndent of schools for Albay has issued a circular relative to the tagging and mounting of girl's industrial work and the instructions contained therein are of value to all: ';It has been observed that many teachers are very careless about the proper tagging and mounting of finished articles in Irish crochet and other lace and embroidery work. This should not be so. An article neatly and attractively mounted and tagged shows to good advantage, while one carelessly mounted is not pleasing to the eye and its sale value is decreased in the eyes of a buyer. The pupil should be taught to mount her finished article under the direction of the teacher. "Each teacher will be held responsible for the measurements given on the tags of all laces and insertions from her school. Guessing is unpardonable. Each teacher should have a metu stick and should measure each finished piece of lace herself using meters and centimeters to express the amount. Be sure that g-ood measure is given. "To all finished articles a tag should be attached containing all of the information which is required on the Carnival tags. These tags should be sewed to the article in as inconspicuous a place as possible. They must not be pinned to articles. Catalan paper is excellent for this purpos.: because it is strong. The tags should be made out on the typewriter and may be completed with either pencil or pen. The tags should all contain the following information: ll<-•<:ription Municipality School l'ro,·inu Maker A" Mat~riala furni•hed Ly Duemunicit>Biity Due pupil ,;AU insertions and edgings should be mounted on cardboards of uniform size. These cardboards should measure 9 em. in width and 17 em. in length. The lace should be wrapped around the cardboard the long way until there is only enough left to go around 3 times more. Then a piece of pink tissue paper about 25 em. by 20 em. should be folded in a little so as to make it about 17 em. wide instead of 20 em. and the center of it should be left ft·ee. The remaining lace should be wrapped carefully around the cardboard over the pink paper, care being taken to have the right side of the lace up. Then the two ends of the paper should be folded neatly 442 THE PHILIPPINE CRAFTSMAN over the back of the cardboard, over- one double sheet of tissue paper lapping each other and J>asted. Two without any waste whatever." strings of pink paper about. 25 em. ''Care should be taken not to by 20 em. should be wrapped around I wrinkle the paper, as that detracts the face about 20 em. from the top from the appearance of the article and bottom, and pasted together on when it is on exhibit." the back. o "Enough paper tO wrap six pieceS RIMS Of" BAMBOO AND RATTAN BASKETS. of lace including the two narrow The half round rattan commonly bands for each card can be cut from used for rims of baskets is not suitPl•te II. Step• In the m•klng of Ike rim. !J\.DUSTRIAL NOTES 443 ~~l~h~0rs:aap:~h::~ ~~ttthne b:c:~~~ I ~~~i1:r~~ ;ste~~~~ ~~a~!~pl:: p~i:si~f~ panying cuts. In order to obtain and to persons who will be interthe desirable crouching effect it is ested in it from various viewpoints; necessary to split an almost flat i. e., educators, importers, retail piece of rattan and bind it as shown merchants, artists, and dealers in in the steps of Plate I. It is split art objects. He will remain with to prevent it from buckling up on the exhibit while it is on display the inside edge of the rim. with the idea of obtaining more Aiter being thus split and bound definite information than is now it is p\lt on the basket as shown in available on the salability of the arPlate II. The binding is then done ticles and the relative demand for in the ordinary way. them in the United States. Bamboo takes color the best of all basketry materials available in the Philippines, and with the fast dyes CATALOGU£ OF THE CITY NURSERY. that are now procumble through the Bureau of Education it is possible to turn out very artistic and durable baskets of this materiaLULYSSES S. ANDES, Philippine Normal School. When Mr. Frank R. White, Director of Education, left for the United States, he took with him a large and excellent exhibit of industrial articles made in Philippine schools. The Bureau of Education is already hearing from this exhibit, officially and unofficially. It is understood that the exhibit attracted very favorable attention at the Art The city of Manila has recently issued an illustrated catalogue of the plants cultivated in the city nursery. This catalogue was prepared by Mr. E. D. Merrill of the Bureau of Science. It is an excellent publication and contains much information of value to those who are engaged in ornamenting grounds. The very clear description which each plant receives will enable the average man to recognize it and to be able to select trees and plants suitable for decorative purposes. It is understood that a limited supply of these catalogues will be available for distribution upon request to the superintendent of sanitation and transportation, Manila. Institute in Chicago, where it was Teachers who have occasion to displayed for several days. One use lupis in connection with their personal letter states that when the industrial work will be interested writer visited the Art Institute to learn of a process which has been "there was a regular deluge of pub- ~ worked out in the province of Albay lie school pupils, each with a note- by which the material may become book." Already several requests for available more quickly than by the articles such as were included in the ordinary method of allowing it to exhibit have been received at the dry in the sun. The directions for General Office of the Bureau of preparing it are taken from Division Education. Circular No. 63, s. 1912: Mr. Hugo H. Miller of the Gen-~ "Lupis can be best prepared by era! Office will leave in November ironing it with a fiat-iron. Immefor the United States and will take diately after it is taken from the with him a representative exhibit abaca plant it should be ironed with somewhat smaller than the one a very hot iron until it is perfectly taken by Mr. White. It is Mr. dry. By this process of preparation 444 THE PHIUPP/1\"E CRAFTSMt\N it becomes much whiter than when I given In the municipal building at dried slowly." the regulat· Sunday meetings of the o heads of the barrios, the municipal president being the speaker. Thi'J An arrangement has been made plan suggests the idea of making in Santa Cruz, 1\larinduque, Taya- school inspections by the municipal bas, for giving the civico-educational p!·csident a regular part of the school lectures in connection with the of- program, and it is believed that it ficial inspection visits of the munic- would do much to bring the school ipal president to the barrio schools and people to a better understandof the town. The lectures are also ing of their mutual duties.