Khaki and Red

Media

Part of Khaki and Red

Title: Khaki and Red
Issue Date: Volume 1 (No. 3) June 1949
Identifier: Official Organ of the Philippine Constabulary
Year: 1949
Language: English
Rights
extracted text: I I • INDEPENDENCE ANNIVERSARY ISSUE Where ls uis M. Taruc? * reedom to Talk * Birth or the Republic 5Q CENTAVOS . ( , AND . FFICIAL ORGAN OF THE PHILIPPINE CONSTABULARY I ._;,- v 1 \\' ...... .. ' The principle of "sequential automatic tuning" is applied to a popular priced, compact radioT No more dial tuning ..• no more controls to lurn ... no more buttons to pushT Simply ,......., Louch the drum tuner lo bring in your choice of six stations I That's alll It's that simple, that easy T A jewel-like light changes color to tell you when. your station is inT Only PHILCO has It! ••••• ••••••••••••••••••••••••oo,.,,,,.,_,_,._..., ... ~-A• .... •• •.••, .... Fits into her travelling IJag like a boo/.c . .• plays AG-DC anywhere! "She shall have music wherever she goes" ... ! Model 603-P I 08.00 And PJ-JJLCO has a truly Personal Raclio! 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FERNANDO, PAMPANGA KHAKI and RED • This Month's Cover BACKBONE of the Philippine Const.abulary today is the PC enlisted man of whom Pvt. Reynaldo Reaso is a tyue. Tb.is 21-year-old EM joi11ed the PC on December 24, H\48, was born in Oas, Albay, and is unmariied. He reached first year high school. An infantryman, he has pledged to defend the colors at all times, feels that he and his comrades-in-arms h.ave it in them to equal, if not surpass, the best soldier there was in th-e PC organization before the war-given the breaks. In the cover he !>Ortrays the soldier "o'er the ramparts" ever on the guard to protect his country's freerlom. June, 1949 AND OfFICIAL ORGAN OF THE PHILIPPINE CONTENTS JUNE, 1949 EDITORIALS - LETTERS PRESIDENT QUIRINO'S MESSAGE BIRTH OF THE REPUBLIC ORGANIZING VS. COMMUNISM By Raul Y. Gonzalez FREEDOM TO TALK By Lieut. Noli R. Reyes OUR PRIDE AND OUR HONOR INDEPENDENCE PROCLAMATION THOUGHTS FROM RIZAL WHERE IS LU iS M. TARUC? By Major Celso M. A'i k pa~a HUK REVOLT IN LAGUNA By Capt. Arturo J. C'emente POEMS OF FREEDOM TRUMAN ON COMMUNISM THE PC AND THE RED CROSS By Sgt. Juan M. Eduarte THE INVESTIGATING OFFICER By Capt. Eduardo P. Bahia PC SPORTS ABOUT VETERANS BENEFITS By T. L. Sinclair LETTER FROM LINDA TARUC PC WOMEN'S CLUB SECTION HOW BUSY IS THE PC WOMEN'S CLUB? By Ampa1·0 0. Acab CONSTABULARY Vol. I, No. 3 Page 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 18 20 21 22 24 27 28 36 38 40 Published monthly on a nonprofit basis by the Genl:'ral Headquarters, Philippine Constabulary. Associate Editors: Lt. Constante Ma. Cruz a nd A. Litonjua. Business and Advertising Manager: Capt. Alfonso A. Calderon. Editorial a nd advertising offices: Camp Crame, Quezon City-Tel. 6-87-31-242. Entered as second-class mail matter at the post office at Manila on April 9, 1949. Subcription rates: Philippines, P6.00 the year; foreign countries, Pl2.00. Articles and photographs submitted for publication may not be returned, in case of rejection, unless they are accompanied by self-addressed envelopes and sufficieut postage. Opinions expressed in signed articles do not necessarily reflect the views of the Philippine Constabulary. Photo credits: PhotogTaphs appearing on pages 10 and 19 of this issue are through the courtesy of the i\fanila Times ; on page 16, the Evening News. The rest are credited to the Signal Corps, PC. Page 7 The Editors KHAKI and RED The article "I Worked with a Woman Spy" in the May issue of K & R is one of the most absorbing pieces of guerrilla literature I have read since liberation. Mrs. Claire Phillips, the American "Mata Hari," certainly deserves a Medal of Valor for her daring and sacrifice. Where can I buy a C(lpy of her book "Mani la Espionage"? I would like Lo keep i L in my collection of iruerrilla liLeraLure.-Sgt. R. DE LA CRUZ. A survey of Manila book stores showecl all copies of the book have been sold out since several months age. Some local book stores, however, particularly Alemar's at Plaza Sta. Cruz, have indicated that if th ere is sufficient public demand f<11' the booh, they may order more copies froni the United States. The Editors KHAKI and RED Yay Panlilio's "Message to the Mountains" (May issue, KHAKI and RED ) is a moving, realistie open letter to the dissidents. It should be read by every single Huk in the lowlands and in the mountains. If only the dissidents could be convinced by pamphlets. . . - JOSE WILFRIDO ROSAS, San Juan, Rizal. The Editors KHAKI and RED An Enlisted Men's Barrio, better known as "Barrio Suarez," has just been established at Headquarters, Mindanao Zone, PC, Camp Overton, Lanao. It came into being through the efforts of the headquarters commandant, Capt. Jose L. Fabello with the cooperation of the staff and enlisted men stationed at Camp Overton. The spirit of friendship and helpfulness has been cultivated and exercised by every one, making the barrio a decent place to live in.-T/Sgt. REGINO BANDOLA, Headquarters, Mindanao Zone, PC. <Continued on page 36) Page 8 EDITORIALS Thoughts from Rizal ON RIZAL'S birthday anniversary this month, there are two passages culled from his prose w.:>rh that are timely and significant. "I will never r.e the one," wrote he, "to encourage the multitude to get by force wh:it tha goverwnent does not think proper to grant. If I should ever see the mu1Hude armed, I wou1 d place myself on the side of the govern ment " "So much power in the hands o f men, ignorant men filled with passions, witho ut morJI tra ining, of untried principles, is a weapon in the hands of a madman in a defonsc1ess multitude." * A Thought for the Anniversary THE Republic of the Philippines will be exactly three years old next month. There is much to he said of the progress the country has attained toward normalcy d uring t~e last three years. War-devastated coml'T'unities have been rebuilt. the repai r of roads, bridges and other insta llations destroyed or damaged during the hostilities is going on at a -,teady pace. A government agency for social amelioration is doing a lot to supplement the material needs of the pqor and the underprivileged. Concrete measures have been mapped out to forestall a serious economic crim as a result of the expec7ed stoppage of American windfa ll in the next few years. Millions of pesos have flowed into the Philippines in the fo:·'ll of war damage payments, veterans' benefits, backpay, and other cash assets earned by the Filipino people for their gallant participation on the side of the democracies in the last war. When such bounties end, the effects cf economic readjustment would be tragic unless effective measures are initirited early to neutralize or at least minimize the expected crisis. Wh i1e physica1 recovery has been substantial the sa me can not be said of the moral aspects of our rehabilitation. There are elements among our citizenry which have shown a wanton disregard for the law. An organized movement of outlaws still sways some influence a mong the unlettered masses, perpetrating heinous crimes against persons and property and the State. The Phil ippine~ can not reach its full economic development unless every town and hamlet is rid of the bandits. This ;; elemental. This is a tho,Jght to ponder on this third anniversary of the Republic. * A Question " A UNITED PRESS dispatch from Tokyo this month quoted a Tokyo University lecturer as saying many young Japanese would like to see Japan involved in another war and are intrigued with the possi bility of recove ring "old territories" of Nippon Is MacArthur's G-2 well aware of such sentiments? KHAKI : :md RED June, 19'19 MALACANAN PA_LACE MANILA MESSAGE I am pleased to convey my greetings to the membe1·s of the Ph ilippine Constabulary Force on the occasion of the third anniversary of our Independence Day. On the Constabulary rests the responsibility of maintaining internal security. In recent days, there have been some disturbances in the dissident areas that posed a challenge to the PC organization. I am confident tha{· General Ramos and his men will soon enough prove that they are equal to his challenge. We must secure domestic tranquility if we are t o carry out our economic mobilization plans intended to make our country strong, happy and enduring. I call on the men in KHAKI AND RED to intensify their efforts and help prove to the world that we merit the sovereignty which we won on July 4th, 1946 . • ~~-=---,~----~~~~:_~~~ PRESIDENT OF THE PHILIPPINES Page 9 Birth of the Republic July 4 Three Years Ago Marked the Climax of America's Experiment in Democracy in This Part of the World IT was the fruition of a glorious dream. A sea of faces, estimated at nearly half a million, were directed at a hallowed spot at the new Luneta that bright morning in July three years ago where a solemn ceremony -one of the most momentous in Philippine history- was slowly unfolding. High Commissioner Paul V. McNutt, representing U.S. President Harry S. Truman, read the proclamation in slow, measured tones: "I do hereby recognize the independence of the Philippines as a separate and self-goYerning nation." Rain fell from a suddenly overcast sky for several minutes but the solemn ceremony continued uninterruptedly. At 9 :16 a.m. that day, July 4, 1946, the American flag atop a towering flagpole in the center of the scene of the celebrations, was slowly lowered with Mr. McNutt holding the halyard. While it was halfway down, the Stars and Stripes gently kissed, as it were, the Filipino tricolor being hoisted by President Manuel Roxas. This particular rite was designed to symbolize the trans- . fer of sovereignty over the Islands from America. The American and Filipino national anthems \\>ere successively played while somewhere toward the beach a 21-gun salute was fired. Many a face in the vast throng shed a tear, hearts skipped a beat. moved by the significance of the occasion. Shortly after, Vice-President Elpidio Quirino stood before Chief Justice Manuel V. Moran to take his oath of Page 10 ,, ..... - --- - -, " THIS W.\S the stirring moment when the Filipino flag was being h<.>is(ed Qt the Luneta while the Stars and Stripes was lowered as a symbol of the change of sovereignty. office. This was followed by President Manuel Roxas who in his turn took his oath of office as chief magistrate of the newborn Philippine Republic. President Roxas delivered a speech full of courage and hope for the new Republic, stressing the everlasting friendship with which the new independent nation held for its benefactor, the United States of America. High Commissioner McNuit and Senator Millard E. Tydings, a friend of the Filipino people and one of the group of U.S. Congressmen who nme to Manila to attend the celebration, both expressed best wishes for the success of the newb'orn Republic. Gen. Douglas MacArthur. the "Liberator of the Philippines," likewise gave a gallant salute to the Republic <and to the people "that I have known so long and loved so well." As befitting the occasion, the day was celebrated all over the country \vith festivities. In Manila the main ceremony at the Luneta was followed by a military and civic parade escorted overhead by squadrons of U.S. air force planes. The same afternoon, Mrs. Trinidad Roxas, wife of the President, planted a r.arn tree in front of the City Hall symbolic of the growing nation. In the evening a state dinner and ball were given by the President i·n Malacafian and an elaborate fireworks display was held at the New Luneta. Paul V. McNutt, the first ambassador accredited to the Republic, called at Malacafian and presented to President Roxas his credentials as Ambassador Extraordinary and •. Plenipotentiary of the United States. For the next few weeks messages of congratulations poured into Malacafian from all over the world, from officials in the world capitals and private citizens, all wishing the newborn Republic a brilliant and successful future in the concert of free nations. KHAKI and RED ORGANIZING vs. COMMUNISM Jn the Current Struggle Against Communism, All Elements Should Extentl FuH Support to the State, Writer Contends YOU will, I believe, agree with me when I say that the purpose of Communism is to abolish all private enterprises, be they of political, economic. social, cultural or religious nature. In a word, such organizations as are free today to function will be taken over and controlled or destroyed when the Communists succeed in either forcing or wheedling themselves into power. These are as much the objects of the prevailing Hukbalahap or Communist rebellion and intrigues as the government itself. Now our government, in protecting itself, is also protecti'ng these i:lstitutions. And I believe the government will continue to do this job as a matter of course. But don't you think that without the government giving up the work our private organizations should themselves take up the fight directly from their end of the struggle? Let us see what the government is doing to fight Communism. First and foremost is the armed campaign against the Huks. All indications show there will be no let-up in this phase of the struggle until the last Huk or Communist is finally disarmed or rendered harmless. Judicial proceedings to bring the dissidents to justice are also being undertaken. Then there is the P ACSA, the President's Action Committee on Social Amelioration, charged with the work of providing imme!iiate relief to needy displaced people in Huk-infested areas, as well as in localities where its help may be needed in addition to the normal function of the Philippine National Red Cross and local relief agencies. The Committee on Un-Filipino Activities, the CUF A, is a legislative body investigating the over-all aspects of the Communist movement and other activities that can be properly called un-Filipino. It serves as an organ dedicated to the refutation of the whole Communi·st philosophy and an agency of exposure against subversive June, 1949 By RAUL Y. GONZALEZ individuals, groups or associations seeking the destructio11 of our constitutional liberties. It would seem that by these functions the government is covering all fronts necessary for its protectionthe PC for the armed front, the P ACSA for the economic front, and the CUF A for the ideological front. The fact, however, is that the government's position will never be completely secure unless the people behind it, those that are not directly concerned with the administration of state affairs, are organized to forestall recurrence or behind-the-line machinations of the enemy. Now the matter of organization of private enterprises against the Communist movement should not be undertaken by the government itself, but should be left to ther respective initiative. And I believe this can be started only with the realization that while the government has been established for the protection of all legitimate institutions within our national jurisdiction, it devolves as a natural right upon such institutions to adopt their individual protective measures. Let us take the Philippine Chamber of Commerce as a particular instance. This was organized for the protection and promoti-on of the business and commercial interests of all that are affiliated to it. Now what aspects of the Communist movement affect trade and industry? Does the PCC investigate this problem a:ld thereafter apply needed measures to prevent Communism from infiltrating into the business community or using the weaknesses of the economic system as leverage for attacks on the social order? It is not known that the PCC or any other business association does this, although once in a while some business man or commercial executive comes out with a warning against Communism. But what good are mere warnings when it is within the power of the business world itself to seek and dish out practical information that tells what use Communism is making of private enterprise itself to attain Communism's ends? It is as good in business as it is in any undertaking to say that if you know the true nature, aim and methods of your enemy you can beat him. But it seems that business intelligence here is bei·ng employed only in the discovery of commercial knowledge, in the expansion or recession of trade. While a global Communist movement rages close to and inside the Philippines itself, seeking to completely abolish the natural and very desirable system of free enterprise, our business men are content to merely follow the usual promotional processes, little knowi11g that if they do not stir themselves against the insidious and aggressive efforts of Communism the government itself can do very little to maintain their permanence as a free and democratic group in the social order. But what can Big Business in this country really do in the national struggle against Communism? What must we all do to coordinate our efforts? In a report of the Committee on Socialism and Communism of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States, the following are prefaced : "The master-minds of Communist strategy, especially since the time of Lenin, have insisted that the labor movement must be moved steadily leftward, radicalized and infiltrated. Without a leftist labor movement the Communists stand small chance of gaining the objective of a revolutionary destruction of our way of life. "For this reason top management in American industry and commerce must concern itself with this problem. Sound industrial relations as practiced by the foreman, the division head, the industrial relations executive and top management may serve (Continued on page 20) Pag-e 11 l'reedom lo Talk "The Wine of Indeependence Has Not Only Made a Great Many of Us Heady But Also Fault-Finding," This Observer Be\ieves By Lieut. NOLI R. REYES A S THE TWO FLAGS met halfway on the flagpole, everybody stood still, trying to feel the significance of a flitting immemorial second of history." That was how a newspaper reporter fittingly described the emotion that surged in the ·hearts of the spectators when the two flags- the Filipino and the American- kissed in the middle of the pole in front of the grandsta.."ld as the late President Roxas hoisted the Sun and Stars and High Commis· sioner McNutt hauled down Old Glory. That happened on a fateful day on July 4, 1946 when the great American government gave this country its political independence and incidentally closed \!ts last chapter on Philipine soil. All eyes were misty then . .. For as the Filipino flag waved ma· jestically in the breeze, everybody could not but look back to the i·nfa· my of the Occupation. No one on such a momentous occasion liked to think of those ghastly days, reviving poignant memories of want, hunger, and desolation. But a retrospect of the pattern of ignominy they etched found contemplation on sttch a day, for triumph could only be sweet after recalling the heartaches preceding it. Every Filipino could have thought then: I wish that I were blind to the grotesque memory of Japan. But the story is there: inevifxibly I went through aU the pain. I was ci hapless eyewitness to that long, dnrk, and uncertain night of captivity after Japan trampled these sacred shores and visited upon my home the blight of tyranny. By right of conquest the Page 12 Philippines was hers, but by right of divine heritage the Philippines remained as a living symbol and a flame in the warmest nook of my heart. Everywhere tears formed in little pools in Filipino eyes. I, too, shed profuse tears because of the irreparable loss of my country and government that I had learned to love more than life itself. I realize now how much that government had become part of 1nyBelf, only after it had been taken away from me ... That was a little less than three yea.rs ago. Thus the government we lost some eight years ago to the aggressor has been retrieved at the price of bloo<l and life. From all considerations the sacri-fice was costly. But it meant freedom regained ~nd the return to a way of life which we have enjoyed since the Castilian rule faded out of these shores. And most important of all,, we became a di·sti.nct race once again. Today we have as much freedom as we desire. Having so much we have become freedom-conscious more than ever. When we feel that our rights are being transgressed, we shout our voices hoaTSe to the high heavens that we are being robbed. More often now we invoke the Constitution when we suspect a'!1 encroachment on our prerogatives. This is the consequence of once losing our freedom. Losing it to virtual slavery, we fully realized how great it is to be free. Freedom and this government .9.re one and the same thing. Verily thi.s polity is the monumental finale, as· it were, of well-nigh five decades of American tutelage and guidance, ternpered in lavish measure with the ingredients of unequivocal democracy: a way of life as only the American ·people know and enjoy it. This is the distinctive legacy of American rule. Call it "imperialism" if you must, but it was magnanimous throughout nevertheless. Yes, indeed, we have that much of democracy-and the freedom that goes with it. Freedom from fear, from want, of the press, and of speech : we have all aplenty. We talk too such-this freedom stands out prominently among the rest. After we lost this government in the early forties, our mouths were gagged; we could not openly talk about our misfortune. We simply contained the pain ·of loss. The11 when he regained it, we lost the feeling attached to its real significance and we are now talking more than is necessary to the extent of almost shatteri.ng it to pieces. The sting of the scathi.ng tirades we hurl against it rocks its very foundaition. We sing its rottenness to the four corners of the globe. We cannot gather the dirt in our own backyard and let it stJay there. The world must know the filth and smell the pungent odor about us: this i·s what we talk too much abq~t. This government is not perfect, no, not by any means. Like others the world over, be they young or old, it has its frailties, shortcomings, and imperfections. But notwithstanding all these defects, we have a govern·ment that does not smack of Utopia. Which means that it has a tangible KHAKI and RED 111eaning because of the things it lacks. For these things are those that make the common tao feel that this government is his own-to improve and to perfect if possible. How many of us realize that good government cannot be achieved in the twinkling of an eye? How mamy of us realize th'at there is no royal road to perfection, that there is no path strewn with roses to sovereign maturity? A seed can only grow into a tree after years of painstaking care and will bear fruit only after more years of suspenseful waiting. How many of us 111re aware that in working towards a common objective, we must follow a gradual and, at times painful, process towards its realization? The sensible Filipino citizen may well think i1 h this vein : I like this government. When something goes haywire in it, I ca,n speak out my mind. And I have done so many times. I fumed a,gainst the Surplus Property Commission once. Luz and Corvera were sentenced to ja,il. I gave vent to my feelings a,gainst Encore of the Month Fabre. The law is now on the warpath against all Chinese who entered this country illegally. And there are several Congressmen now squirming in their sea,ts. Tanada, exposed Avelino in the Sena,te. The interlude tha,t fallowed in the upper cha,mber of the Congress caused no small amount of flurry not only in this country but also a,broa,d. In no time at all Avelino was deposed from the Senate presidency. The incident was fa,r from disgraceful; it was a,n unmista/fA'.Lble sign of our political maturity. I have spoken against other ills within the framework of this government and something is being done about them. This government is good enough few me. The trouble with sdme loud-mouthed demagogues is that even when the rot is being removed, to them the ill remains within the core. Why, this is a, perverted way of looking at things. If we keep on looking a,t them in this perspective, we will be going to the dogs. No other past <Ldministration had done a more relentless house-cleaning, and withou.t rega1·d for the big names i:nvolved, And so the story of a bad government goes ·on and on ... The wine of independence has not only made a great many of us heady but also fault-finding. Nothing seems good anymore; everything seems suspicious and dirty. Certainly it is getting to be ia bad national habit, this indiscrimi.nate mass-opinfon of unpleasantness within this government. But surely we have a government that exists in concrete form, no matter how imperfect it is. Surely it is not one linked with the "grotesque memory of Japan." Surely it is not somebody else's government. There is a pathetic chapter in our .national life that we detest to recall. The heartaches and the tears th1 at were written across the pages should teach us a good lesson : that not to have any government at all is much worse than a government which may be bad but which we can run by ourselves alone-even like hell, who cares? Our Pride and Our Honor Three Years Ago This Historic Address Was Delivered by Pl·esident Manuel Roxas at the Inau~uration Ceremonies of the Philippine Republic at the New Luneta, Manila MY COUNTRYMEN: AN historic drama has just been unfolded before our eyes. The American flag has been lowered from the flagstaffs in this land. . . not in defeat, not in surrender, not by compulsion, but by the voluntary act of the sovereign American Na ti on. The flag which was first raised in conquest here has been hauled down with. even greater glory. The Stars and Stripes will no longer fly over this land, but in the hearts of 18,000,000 Filipinos and in the eyes of many millions more in this part of the world the American flag flies more triumphantly today than ever before in history. Some hundreds of yards from June, 1949 here at Fort San Antonio Abad, the American flag was first planted in 1898. As its brave colors fluttered down from the flagstaff a moment ago, the cycle of history had completed a full turn. In the culmination today, America justified her destiny. For America, today's act of renunciation was the climax of triumph ... for enlightenment, for democratic values, for liberty. We mark here today the forward thrust of the frontiers of freedom. I have raised the Philippine flag to wave henceforth alone and unshadowed over the entire Philippines. American sovereignty has been withdrawn. It has been transferred and is now possessed in full measure by the Filipino people. We have thus reached the summit of the mighty mountain of independence toward which we and our fathers have . striven during the lifetime of our people. As the spokesman for America predicted half a century ago, the Filipino people now look back with gratitude to the day when God gave victory to American arms at Manila B~y, and placed this land under the sovereignty and protection of the United States. The birth of this nation is attended today by dignitaries from many lands. It is attended by the personal Pag·e 13 representative of the President of the United States, by leaders of the Congress and of the armed forces and other high officials of the American Government. The President of the United States has proclaimed our independence. The Republic of the Philippines has now come into being, under a constitution providing a government which enthrones the will of the people and safeguards the rights of men. The historic event has been completed. There remains for us only to evaluate the significance of what has occurred. There are moments when men should pause in their humbleness and look beyond the passing shadow of events to see the towering magnitude of the forces which have been brought to bear upon the affairs of current time. I judge this such a moment, and I am humble before it. We who are gathered here personify, but no more than that, the act of establi hing a new nation. All of us are mere symbols of the millions of men, and the hundreds of hopes which are involved in our passing pageant. It can be said that the eyes of the world are upon us. But the world is not listening especially to the brittle words we say, words which pass quickly from hearing and fade soon from even the printed page. The peoples of the earth see in this occasion a magnificent flowering of the human spirit, an interval of grandeur in an epoch in which the grandeur of unselfishness is rare indeed. The peoples of other nations are listening to the words uttered here not so much as words but as sounds which have echoes in the human soul. . . mystic sounds unlimited by time or language. . . sounds which ring in intimate harmony with the voices of freedom heard .. now remote ... now insistent ... 0 since the dawn of human history. This occasion, this event which happened here, responds to a cry which is common to all mankind. This cry, the cry for freedom, for liberty, and for dignity resounded in ancient times from the hillsides of Greece; in the Middle Ages, from the high plateaus of Bohemia and the green countrysides of Britain; in the beginning of modern times, from the canals of Venice, from the narrow streets of Paris; and finally and most memorably, from the bright new world which began on the western shores of the Atlantic. (Corztim,ed on page 30) Page 14 PROCLAMATION Of Philippine Independence WHEREAS the United States of America by the Treaty of Peace with Spain of December I 0, 1898, commonly known as the Treaty of Paris, and by the Treaty with Spain of November 7, 1900, did acquire sovereignty over the Philippines and by the Convention ot January 2, 1930, with Great Britain did delimit the boundary between the Philippine archipelago and the State of North Borneo, and whereas the United States of America has consistently an~ faithfully during the past forty-eight years exercised jurisdiction and control over the Philippines and its people, and WHEREAS it has been the repeated declaration of the legislative and executive branches of the Government of the United States of America that full independence would be granted the Philippines as soon as the people of the Philippines were prepared to assume this obligation, and WHEREAS the people of the Philippines have clearly demonstrated their capacity for self government, and · WHEREAS the act of Congress approved March 24, 1934, known as the Philippines Independence Act directed that on the 4th day of July immediately following a ten year transitional period leading to the independence of the Philippines the President of the United States of America should by proclamation withdraw and surrender all rights of possession, supervision, jurisrliction, control of sovereignty of the United States of America in and over the territory and people of the Philippines except certain reservations therein and thereafter authorized to be made and on behalf of +he United States of America should recognize the independence of the Philippines, now therefore. I Harry S. Truman, President of +he United States of America, acting under and by virtue of the authority vested in me by the aforesaid Act of Congress do proclai'n that, in accord with and subject ro the reservations provided for in rhe pertinent provisions of the existing acts of Congress the United States of America hereby withdraws and surrenders all rights of possession, supervision, jurisdiction, control or sovereig,,ty now existing and exercised by the United States of America in and over the territory and people of the Philippines and on behalf of the United States of America I do hereby recognize the independence of the Philippines and as a separate and self-governing nation and acknowledge the authority and control over the same of the Government instituted by the people thereof under the constitution now in force. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States of America to be affixed. Done at the city of Washington this fourth day of July in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and forty-six and of the independence of the United States of America the one hundred and seventy-first. By the President Dean Acheson Acting Secretary of State HARRY S. TRUMAN 0 I Am a Filipino I AM A FILIPINO - inheritor of a glorious past, hostage to the uncertain future. As such I must prove equal to a twofo!d task - the task of meeting my responsibility to the past, and the task of performing my obligation in the future. '· I am sprung of a hardy race . Across the centuries the memory comes rushing back to me: of brown-skinned men putting out to sea in ships that were as frail as their hearts were stout. Over the sea I see them come, borne upon the billowing wave and the whistling wind, carried upon the mighty swell of hope - hope in the free abundance of the new land that was to be their home and their children's torever. I am a Filipino born to freedom, and I shall not rest unti l freedom shall have been added unto my inheritance - for myself and my children's children - forever.-CARLOS .P. ROMULO. KHAKI and RED Thoughts from Rizal Excerpts from .Jose Rizal's Work Including Noli Me Tangere, RI Filibusteri~mo, Filipinas Dentro de Cien Afios, {,a Tndolencfa de los Filipinos a·nd Shorter Works Compiled by J.eopolclo Y. Yabes, \Vriter and Bibliog-ra1>her You, what are you doing for the land that gave you existence, that supports your life, that affords you knowledge? Don't you realize that it is a useless life which is not consecrated to a great idea? It is like a stone wasted in the fields without becoming a part of any edifice. If our country has ever to be free, it will not be through vice and crimes, it will not be so by corrupting its sons, deceiving some and bribi::1g others. Redemption presupposes virtut>, virtue sacrifice, and sacrifice love. The just and the worthy must suffer in order that their ideas may be known and extended. You must shake or shatter the vase to spread the perfume, you must smite the rock to get the spark. Governments are established for the welfare of the peoples, and in order to accomplish this purpose properly they have to follow the suggestions of the citizens, who are the ones best qualified to understand their own needs. Within a few centuries, when humanity has become enlightened and redeemed, when there are no races, when all peoples are free, when there are no tyrants and slaves, colonies and mother countries, when justice rules and man is a citizen of the world, the pursuit of science alone will remain, the word patriotism will be equivalent to fanaticism, and he who prides himself on patriotic ideas will June, 19.t-9 doubtless be isolated as a dangerous disease, as a menace to the social order. Resignation is not always a virtue; it is a crime when it encourages tyrants: there are no despots where there are no slaves. Always I have loved our unhappy land, and I am sure I shall continue to love it till my last moment . . . My career, my life, my happiness, all have I sacrificed for love of it. Whatever my fate, I shall die blessing it and longing for the dawn of its redemption. I will never be the one to encourage the multitude to get by force what the government does not think proper to grant. If I should ever see the multitude armed, I would place myself on the sitle of the government. A sunburnt man turns the ground to sow the seed; he is a laborer. He also contributes in his modest but useful way to the glory of the nation. I love our country . . . not only because it is the duty of every man to love the country to which he owes its existence and to which he wil! no doubt owe his final rest, not only because my father and my mother taught me, but also because my fondest recollections cluster around my country, because to it I owe and shall ever owe my happiness. When our people is unprepared, when it enters the fight through fraud and force, without a clear understanding of what it is doing, the wisest attempts will fail, and better that they do fail, since why commit a wife to the husband if he does not sufficiently love her, if he is not ready to die for her? I wish to show those who deny u patriotism that we know how to die for duty and principles. What matters death, if one dies for what one loves, for native land and beings held dear? So much power in the hands of men, ignorant men filled with passions, without moral training, of untried principles, is a weapon in the hands of a madman in a defenseless multitude. We need criticism to keep us wide awake. It makes us see our weaknes so that we may correct it. Genius has no country; it bursts forth everywhere; it is like light and air, the patrimony of all: cosmopolitan as space, as life and God. The glory of saving a country is not for him who has contributed to its ruin. Evils are not remedied by other evils. A man ought to die for his duty and his principles. Justice should seek to do good by rewarding virtue and educating the criminals. • Where IS Luis M. Taruc? The Head of the 'Criminal Investigation Branch, PC, Discusses a Subject Much Debated upon Since Ta1·uc Made Himself Scarce By Major CELSO M. ALIKPALA * ON MANY occasions in the past and up to the present, scathing criticism has been levelled at the Philippine Constabulary for its alleged ineptitude to apprehend Lui.s M. Taruc in hi"l:! mountain hideout. People have often asked the question: "Why can't Taruc be caught and made to answer for his many crimes?" I wish the critics would read what a great poet once wrote: "If to do is as easy as to say, chapels should have been churches, and poor men's cottages should have been kings' palaces." It seems, however, to be a reasonable enough question if we consider the general impression that the man Taruc is the moving spirit behind t.he Hukbalahap movement. That was true long ago when he actually held the reins alone and fired the imagination of his gullible followers with grandiose and utopian dreams of epochal land reforms whereby his followers would without much fuss get lands to till and keep them for themselves and their progeny. That was during his heyday when, following the Moscow line, he preached on equal distribution of wealth so that no one would live in poverty. The government, cautiously watching his· moves from the sidelines, beat him to his plans, and turned the tables on him by decreeing the 70-30 crop-sharing basis. This was the government's antidote to the peasants' clamor, inspired and instigated by Taruc, for an equitable representation in the division of the produce. The landowners nodded their heads in approval of the arrangement; the peasants thought it fair enough. The 70-30 crop allocation was just •Maj. Altkpala, a constant contributor to KHAKI AND RED, is the chief of the Criminal Investigation Branch, G-2 Sect.ion. PC. Page 16 LUIS M. TARUC "A luna.tic with a lunatic mentality." the beginning of a series of agrarian reforms planned by the government. Did Taruc show any sympathy for the government effort at improving the lot of the masses? No, instead he kept on issuing statements containing the 'usual party-line cliches about the forces of reaction and western imperialism and such, stubbornly maintaining the government was really against the welfare of the masses. He continued the barrage of anti-government accusations, intensifying his attacks when he fled back to the hills to live once more the life of the Hunted outlaw. Coming back to our original theme: What of Luis M. Taruc? Why hasn't.the Philippine Constabulary caught up with him yet? Is he so slippery that the Constabulary is outsmarted by his movements? Is he so well hidden in the deep mountain :fastnesses that it would be impossible for the government forces to get him? A few months back these questions gave a big headache to the top brass of the Constabulary. Fact was that they actually spent a good part of their precious time studying ways and means of ferreting out the Supr'.emo from his mountain hideout. In one W:lY or another, it was thought then that his capture would ease up the Hukbalahap problem. But things have changed much !'lince then. Luis M. Taruc is no longer a tre~ mendous personality to reckon with. The original, genuine Hukbalahap crusade for agrarian reforms is a thing of the past. What was once a peaceful cause, pursued within the legal restrictions of constitutional government, has lapsed into plain banditry where the peasants who uphelrl it now wantonly kill innocent people, rape young women, and sack isolated barrios. Luis M. Taruc has ceased to be a .Huk-the name is a misnomer. He is a ba!1dit pure and simple, roaming the mountains like the rest of his ilk, with nothing in his mind but an insane obsession to overthrow the present existing order. He is a lunatic with a lunatic mentality. Things have changed so fast th:.t Taruc no longer occupies an important space in the agenda of the Philippine Constabulary. He may be captured, but the "bandit movement" will continue. He may be killed but another Taruc, perhaps more brutal, will rise from where he fell. For there are Casto Alejandrino, Jose Lava, Jose "Dimasalang" de Leon, Fred Laan, and countless others who, it can be presumed, are scheming and plotting against each other, thinking of the day when they would step into 'KHAKI and RED Taruc's shoes. Deduced from the intrigue that at present rocks the "Huk" ranks, Taruc has ceased to be the recognized leader in the enemy command. Each leader, not excepti11g Taruc, thinks that he is the big "cheese." In fact, each has hi.s own command which gives separate '"orders" distinct from the directives of the others. "Alexander Viernes" and his men mercilessly murdered Mrs. Quezon and some members of her party-and Taruc denied he gave the order. Manila daili-es were splashed with copies of his letter denying the knowledge of the ambuscade. Who could have given the order? There is plausible reason to believe that power in "Huk" circles is not lodged in one man now. If power does not emanate from one single individual who is the acknowledged leader, what can this mean? Simply this: The enemy ranks are suffering from disintegration and confusion_ . It simply means that each individual leader moves according to his own schedule and plans, regardless of the rest. It simply means that, against present PC punitive operations, it is the ".survival of the fittest" for each individual leader. The picture is changed completely. Who cares where Taruc is? Who cares what he is doing or preaching? He has been injecting nonsense into the ignorant mind all along anyway. Today he is a mere cog in the entire outlaw machinery. Like the rest of the men who have consi·stent.ly defied the law, he is running for dear life. And who cares if he dies? The Constabulary is not particularly after him now. It is after every dissident leader's followers. To dissociate them from the fold is to detach them from the influence of their leaders. To harass them and make them realize the futility of further resistance is to destroy their belief in their leaders. To make them see the senselessness of a hunted life is to make them wish to return to the ways of peace. When all these shall have been done, the perverted movement will be nothing but a minor disturbance. For a man without any followers can not be a leader. Perhaps he will fight alone but that doesn't make sense a bit. After reading this article, would you still ask why the Philippine Constabulary has ceased wasting it valuable time trying to apprehend Luis M. Taruc? Could you see why it is much wiser to cut the branches and merely leave a useless stump standing? It would be so easy then to chop it into firewood. Man is born to trnuble, so what of it? The philosophers themselves have but three answers-! or get it, avoid it, grin and bear it. But nien have tried and will continue to try to resolve it.-Paul B. Sears Questions are never indiscreet. Answers so-metinies are.-Oscar Wilde Pleasure-Bound the Year 'Round ~fg@@(!JJ'il . Powered with a modern high-performance Vertical Twin engine ... 1 amazingly comfortable, safe and ea.sy to handle. Use of spech1l ;;illoy metals has reduced weight to only 280 pounds. THE WORLD'S FINEST MOTORCYCLE Philippine Distribution MACONDRAY & CO., INC. China Bank Bldg., Manila Tel. 2-95-27 Juue, 1949 A brilliant new lightweight model combining performance, sa.1'cty and ease of control. An all new, extremely lightweight single cylinder engine on a "man-sized" motorcycle. Fully deluxe . . . total weight-only 240 pounds. Page 17 in l.aguna 'rhls is the Story of How Three Churchmen W ei·e Horribly Murder~cl hy Bandits Who Had Plans to Overthrow Roxas' Administi·ation By Capt. ARTURO J. CLEMENTE * IT WAS shortly before the presidential elections in 1946 in a monthly routine conference of provincial intelligence officers of the then Military Police Command when Lt. Col. Napoleon D. Valeriano, the then executive officer of G-2, expressed his opinion that should Manuel Roxas come out as president, the MPC had better oil its guns as there would be a Huk reYolution. 'l'he prognostication came true. The elections were held in April and Roxas emerged triumphant. The first signs of rebellion in Laguna were noted a month later. 1 was stationed at the headquarters of the Laguna military police command as intelligence, investigation and operations officer when the Huks started their uprising in Laguna. In May, 1946, Laguna MPC headquarters for the first time received a report from an informant at Cavinti who identified himself as one who had helped the Constabulary before the war during the hectic days of Asedillo and "Capitan" Kulas. Among other things, the report made mention of the plan of some dissident leaders to revolt in a short time. The names of the leaders were disclosed. Most of them were cohorts of Asedillo and "Capitan" Kulas who were pardoned by President Quezon after the bloody uprising in 1935. To abort the planned revolt, our command raided the barrios indicated in the report as the bulwark of the dissidents. In one single raid alone ': Capt. Cl~mente is the chief of the Intelligence and Investigation Branch, G-2 Section, PC. Page 18 at barrio San Buenaventura, Luisiana, we confiscated four machineguns, 36 rifles, and hundreds of rounds of ammunition. Inasmuch as there was no overt act of rebellion at this stage, we could not book the dissidents for any other crime mere serious than illegal possession of firearms. Luckily for them, the prescribed penalty for such crime was not as heavy as it is now. Each of the accused then was fined P25.00 by the court. The raids by the MPC appeared to have served to fan the flames of rebellion in the dissidents. They blamed the members of the Iglesia ni Cristo, a religious sect, for tipping off the MPC about the hidden arms. What added fuel to the 1·elations between the di;;sidents and the sect followers was the support by the Iglesia adherents of Roxas' candidacy while the Huks supported Osmeiia. On June 4, 1946 at Cavinti, 15 days after our raid on San Bue11aventura, three ministers of Iglesia ni Cristo met a horrible death i·n the hands of the Huks. It was a fine Sunday morning. On their way from Sta. Cruz, the provincial capital, to Cavinti, the three holy men were accosted by 20 dissidents, they were hog-tied and murdered one by one at an isolated spot in barrio Malabu. Cavinti, a kilometer from the town. After stripping the victims of their Sunday attire, the Huks buried the three men in a common grave which the victims themselves were forced to dig before their execution. There were no witnesses to this brutal crime except the perpetrators themselves. On that tragic day, the three ministers were supposed to rPturn on the same day to Sta. Cruz. Their failure to appear gave the supervising minister in Sta. Cruz dire misg1vmgs. He reported to me late that evening about the three me11's disappearance and expressed his fears of their fate. The unearthing of the crime feli upon me as the chief MPC investigating officer in the province. "We will send our operatives tomorrow," I told the supervising minister to calm his fears. The following day, Monday, a det.f.lil of investigators was sent out to Cavinti. They had practically no lead to follow. After much painstaking sleuthing, however, my operatives presently brought in six suspects. The six men were grilled at headquarters. Protracted investigations, questionings and cross-questionings at first brought us nowhere. The then provincial commander, Lt. Col. Elpidio L. Reymundo, lent a hand. In no time, the former crack staffman of the late Col. Guido of the prewar intelligence division of the Constabulary, was able to extort confessi·ons from two of the six suspects. After we were convinced with the truth of their revelations, the two men led us to where the bodies of the unfortunate churchmen were buried by their murderers. We recovered the decomposed bodies of the trio, badly bl:!tte:red, their hands tied behind. A post-mortem examination showed they were beaten to death. As a matter of fact, the murder bat was recovered from the same death-hole. The dissidents' bitter grudge against fhe Iglesia ni- Cristo was poured on the three ministers. I filed a criminal complaint against 20 men for multiple murder but only KHAKI and RED two of them were arrested· in addition to another who fell into the MPC dragnet later. The three were convicted. The rest of the gang suffered no retribution until later. This was the beginni·ng of the chaotic and murderous careers of the dissidents in Laguna. There followed up to the present a series of crimes, bizarre and horrendous, as a result of which the Huks have to live the Jives of the hunted. They staged raid after raid on several municipalities, robbing the municipal coffers of money and the i·nhabitants of their food and valuables, waylaying trucks and killing people. all in the guise of overthrowing the government of Roxas and establishing a new one in its stead that will ostensibly provide the people with a "new democracy" where everybody would be equal and the rich would be ·liqui·dated. That, according to the confessions of captured Huks, was what they were fighting for. But fate did not allow them to realize their absurd dream for all of the 17 priest-murderers at large were killed one by one in encounters and commando raids that followed. Among those accounted for later were Ricardo Protestades alias Belen, and Salvador Nolasco alias Robert Owing. Both were commissioned "brigadier generals" of the Ta!ban regiment soon after they went in hiding from prosecutors in the Iglesia ni Cristo murder case. The two "generals" later led rapacious bands of Huks that committed the most notorious atrocities in Laguna. On June 10, 1946, six days after the Iglesia ni Cristo murder, while the 17 killers were yet to be accounted for, Col. Pedro Villegas held a meeting at barrio San Antonio. Longos, Laguna. Col. Villegas is a recognized full colonel of the Hukbalahap guerrilla outfit of Southern Luzon. He was one of those convicted of sedition with Crisanto Evangelista and pardoned after serving a portion of his sentence. In that meeting they decided to overthrow the government and change the name of their Huk organization to "Taliba nang Bansa" or "Talban" in short. Villegas was made -the highest commander of this "revolutionary movement." Shortly before the meeting, the report came that Villegas and his cohorts were to meet in barrio San Antonio. The report came on time for us to raid the group amidst deliberations. Only one, however, was apprehended. He was a one-legged war veteran. A recognized guerrilla captai·n, he was supposed to be a patient at the V. Luna hospital but went absent without official leave (AWOL) from the hospital in order to be able to take part in the conspiracy. The rest of the "war council" numbering 11 men successfully eluded arrest. The minutes of the meeting was seized from the one-leggeq captain whom I will now call Captai.n "Puts" for purposes of identification. Brought to headquarters, Capt Puts at first refused to tell the truth. He tried to convince us that the meeting was for the purpose of making the arrangements for the next town fiesta celebration. The minutes was written in abbreviated words that could only be read and interpreted by Capt. Puts. After languishing for about two days in our jail, (I had a right to detain him be<'ause he was AWOL from his organization),. during which time he came to believe that we h:id a strong case against him, Capt. Puts approached me on the third day. He told me that he would tell the truth but that we must save him from prosecution in order not to 'jeopardize his rights as a veteran. He pledged to serve the government by pointing out his confederates in the plot. We could not support a case for conspiracy and proposal to commit rebellion without the testimony of an eyewitness. In view of this consideration and in conformity with criminal procedure allowing the prosecution to drop an accused who is the least guilty to become a witness for the government, we acceded to make Capt. Puts a state witness. His confession was substantially a~ follows: That they were 12 plotters jn all, that Pedro Villegas was elected (Continued on page 36). PC SOLDIERS like the above deploying somewhere in the lush jung'les of Luzo11 help abort attempts of C1>mmunisttin&ecl bam'lits tc: rlef;y the a,uthority of the State. These are thr nemesis of th~ so-called "Army of Liberation." June, l 949 Pag·e 19 ' Page 20 POEMS OF FREEDOM God speed the year of jubilee, The wide world o'er! When, from their galling chains set free, The opp1·essed shall vilely bend the knee .4 nd wear the yoke of tyranny, Like brutes, no more:T/l(Lt yea?· will come, and Freedom's reign To man his plundered rights again Restore. God speed the day when human blood Shall cease to flow! In every clime be understood The claims of Human Bro therhood, And each ?'eturn for evil, good - Not blow for blow:-That day will come, all feuds to er1d, And change into ci faithful friend Each foe. God >:peed the hou1·, the glorious hon?·, When none on earth Shiill exercise a lordly. power, Nor in a ty1·ant's presence cower, But all to Manhood's stature tower, By equal birth! That hour will come, to each , to all, And from his prison-house . the thrall Go forth. Until that year, day, hour arrive, - If life be given;With head and heart and hand I'll strive To break the rod, to rend the gyve, The spoile1· of his prey deprive,So witness heaven! And never from my chosen post, Whate'er the pe?·il 01· the cost, Be driven. - WILLIAM LLOYD GARRISON :J/ie Slave They set the slave free, striking off his chains; Then he was as much of a slave as ever. He was still chained to servility, He was still mancicled to indolence ancl sloth, He was still bound by fear and .mperstition, By igno1·ance, .~1lspicion, and savagery. His slcivery was not in the chai11s, .Bill in himself. They can only set fre e men free, And there is no need of that: Free men set themselves f1·ee. - JAMES OPPENHEIM Organizing ... <Continued from page 11 > as a check to Communist infiltration. But this is not enough, as the following analysis reveals . ("Communists Within the Labor Movement, The Facts and Counter Measures," Washington, D.C., 1947). "Furthermore, management alone cannot solve the problem. The cooperation of anti-Communist workmen and labor leaders is indispensable. The ' disclosures along with the recommendations in this report, should be of help to those who are aware of the nature of th"e problem, and who wish to do something about it. "Meantime, every effort must be made to set forth the facts of Communist infiltration and strategy in all fields- government, literary, entertainment, education and wherever the Communists are at work. Countermeasures in all these fields must be taken simultaneously so that each effort will reinforce the other." Judging from available literature the Committee on Sociali·sm and Communism is a permanent investigating and research body of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States. In 1948 it published "A Program for Community Anti-Communist Action," an intelligent guide for popular discussion of the problem. If our Philipp-ine Chamber of Commerce can establish such a commission and produce literature suited to the local situation I am quite certain the widespread lack of knowledge and the accompanying trepidation for Communism will be dissipated to our great advantage. The same function can be called upon the other private institutions. The labor unions, no less than the union of capitalists,. owe it to themselves to learn whQt is the true 1 1ature, aims and methods of Communism. Private educational, professional or social organizations, too, can follow suit so they will know to. what state they will be reduced under the Communist system and accordingly act to help preverit the strengthening of Communism. One of the lessons of the many revolutions which the countries of Europe have experienced during the past nineteen years was that the revolutionists often profited least by them .. -M. V. Fodor Pay no attention to what critics say. There has never been set up a smtue in honor of a critic.-Sibelius KHAKI and RED Truman on Communism· (Excerpt from a s11eech by President Har~y S. Truman on his. inauguration nay on Janu·ary 20, 1949) Communism is based on the belief that man is so weak and inadequate that he is unable to govern himself, and therefore requires the rule of strong masters. Democracy is based on the conviction that man has the mo·ral and intellectual capacity, as well as the inalienable right, to govern himself with reason and justice. Communism subjects the individual to arrest without lawful cause, punishment without trial, and forced labor as the chattel of the State. It decrees what information he shall receive, what art he shall produce, what leaders he shall follow, and what thoughts he shall think. Democracy maintains that gover nment is established for the benefit of the individual, and is charged wi th the responsibility of protecting the rights of the individual and his freedom in the exercise of his abilities. Communism maintains that social wrongs can be corrected only by vio. Jenee. Democracy has proved that socia~ justice can be achieved through peaceful change. Communism holds that the world is so deeply divided into opposing classes that war is inevitable. Democracy holds that free nations can settle differences justly and maintain lasting peace. The differences between Communism and Democracy do not concern the United States alone. People everywhere are coming to realize that what is involved is material well-being, human dignity, and the r ight to believe in and worship God. I state these differences, not to draw issues of belief as such, but because the actions resulting from the Communist philosophy are a threat to the effor ts of free nations to bring about world r ecovery and lasting peace. I believe that the great vfrtue of the state is to allow the maximurn num.ber of people to live the fullest possible lives, so long as they do not /(in-rn others. I ain prejudiced in favor of democratic governnient-not merely as we know it already, bnt the greate1· democracy which we can develop, in which more and more of us participrite in our government rind more and mo1·e of us enjoy its benefits.-Gilbert Seldes ~AKGNIP of ATAYDE BROTHERS (Successors to JUAN AT A YDE) LICENSED CUSTOMS BROKERS • Room 308-310 - Maritima Buildinq 12'1 Dasmarinas, Manila Tel. No. 2-84-4 l * * * * * * * Tlte * Greatest Gtip * On Eartlt! * * * "iffE£2. PNlllPPINE INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT COMPANY Ill 13 TH STREET PORT AREA TELEPHONES 2·69 -56 •2 ·69·57 .June, 1949 Page 21 I The PC and the Red Cross 1'he Military Welfare Service of the PNRC Helps Bolster Servkemen's Morale, Serves Their Various Social Needs By Sgt. JUAN M. EDUARTE IT IS interesting to note that right at General Headquarters in Camp Crame is an agency that helps constabulary personnel in matters pertaining to social amelioration, recreation and material aid. We cannot overlook the benefits derived from the Military Welfare Service at PC Headquarters. Attractive, energetic Miss Rosa Ortiz is in charge of the unit. The Philippine National Red Cross, acting in close cooperation with commanding officers of the armed services and working through its chapters and other community agencies, is conducting a program of home service for patients. It also provides for maximum assistance to military personnel being discharged and desiring assistin the proper filing of claims for government benefits, gratuities or backpay allowances. To discuss the multifarious activities of the Military Welfare Service of the Philippine National Red Cross is quite a task. At best, we can only deal with the important accomplishments, objectives and problems of the IIIWS. In fact, wherever there are members of our armed forces, the Red Cross workers are also there, or standing by to assist them as soon as military arrangements permit. Wherever a serviceman's family is, the Red Cross must also be. Wherever there is suffering and people needing aid, the Red Cross must offer its services when conditions permit. In any hospital throughout the Islands, there are social workers serving through the Red Cross. There are recreation halls in different constabulary and army posts, camps, stations and hospitals. The MWS representative trained in recreation work carries on a group Page 22 RED CROSS GIRLS chat with some PC solrliers relaxing in a bivouac area during a lull in goverhment operatious. They are great morale-boosters, help soive the personal problems of the servicemen. work program to help maintain the morale of servicemen. He assists the mi-litary recreation officer by planning, organizing and promoting recreation activities such as sports, games. entertainments. workshops, arts and crafts, music, dramatics, libraries and game rooms. The vast and diversified social service program requires, for: its effective functioning, not only a well-integrated organization but a competent staff of executives, specialists in many fields of work, professionally and technically qualified, and an even greater staff within the clerical, stenographical and custodial classification. Recruiting, traini·ng, and planning this staff has been and continues to be a task. The cooperation extended by schools of social work, social agencies, by commerce and industry, and by the professions is readily recognized to be enormous,' and for it the Red Cross is very grateful. The program today consists of two major parts: That for servicemen and that for civilians. The p1"0gram for servicemen-that is, Services for the Armed Forces- includes military and naval welfare service, hospital service, and all the supplementary services that make the work of these two programs possible. They are integrated with the Home Service of the chapters of different provinces. KIIAK1 and RED ANOTHER ROLE of the Red Cross girls, shown above, is the distribution of relief supplies to refugees from the Huks. This mission is sometimes risky and the PC provides the security measures to protect the girls. The work of the Military Welfare Service representative is based directly on the more personal and social needs of the servicemen. "Nothing disrupts an Army so quickly as no news, bad news or worry." The MWS representatives go with the troops to help keep them in communic'.ltion with home, to help them bear the bad news they may receive, and to prevent them from becoming worded or upset over personal or family problems. Although families may not physically follow their servicemen where duty demands, they usually remain very much in a soldier's mind. The kind of letter the serviceman receives, or does not receive, determines to a great extent the kind of soldier he makes. Sometimes a serviceman, because of anxiety due to the uncertain existence he leads, misinterprets news from home. At other times, there may be very real problems about which to worry. Troubled by either real or fancied problems, bothered by minor worries · or major tragedies in his own life or that of his family, he needs an understanding person to whom he can talk, someone whose attitudes are not created by military needs. Some of the lVJWS representative's time is spc~nt in just listening but listening in a skilled, sympathetic, balanced, sensitive manner thaL means asking the appropriate question at the right time and making the helpful comment or suggestion it is most needed. But the MWS representative can do more than this. As one of his resources, she has the surest possible means of communication. He can and does find out for the serviceman if the illness at home is really of a serious nature, or if it just seems to be that way in the letter the man received. He can send through messages of sympathy and comfort for the serviceman when there has been a death in the family. He can enlist the assistance of the home chapter when a serviceman's wife is to have a baby, needs surgery, or other medical care. If the soldier thinks that his business back home is being ruined by b:id management, the MWS representative can communicate with the local chapter to investigate and obtain some kind of help or an adjustment for the worried man. Besides the problems created by bad news from home, there are more personal troubles- the kind that come from one's inner self. A serviceman may be fearful about going into battle lest he may not measure up to being a good soldier he would wish to be. Whatever his fear, more than one man has found himself and has had his self-confidence restored by talking through with his MWS representative. There are also servicemen who believe themselves to be in the wrong spot for their particular abilities. This is a difficulty the MWS representative can call to the attention of the man's commanding officer, without prejudice and with assurance of consideration. llow Mild Gan a Cigarette Be? Try a Camel and See! IN THE NEW, LIGHTER, BRIGHTER PACKAGE June, 1 £1·19 Pag-e 2:J The Investigating Officer Modesty, Diligence, Integrity - These are Only a Few of the Traits an Investigating· Officer Should Have By Capt. EDUARDO P. BAHIA "Strike not thoughtlessly a nest of wasps, but if you strike, strike hard." THOSE incomparable words of Goethe, true for all men, are above all true for the investigating officer. He should possess the vigour of youth. If he would succeed in each case he will have to devote himself completely and continually to his task. An invl'stigator must be energetic when he faces a11 impudent witness or an accused person who is hot-headed and aggressive or when he makes an arrest without having his staff or assistant to aid him. The task of an investigating officer is not one in which an advance can be made little by little, along clear and regular routes- there is always a new problem to tackle. A work half done accomplishes nothing. Chief, Law and CI S ection Philippine Constabulary School Another quality demanded of the investigating officer is honesty and f'elf-denying PO\Yers. It is not enough for him to possess legal and other requirements. Knowledge alone is not everything. He must be unostentatious, honest, and self-denying, giving up all thoughts of grandstand play. The brilliant defense of a case by counsel or the accurate summing-up of a judge, all meet the applause and ad-· miration of the public, but such triumphs are not for the investigating officer. The work of an investigator ought to make neither noise nor sensation; suffice it that the culprit is discovered at any price. He will be put to task for the slightest and most pardonable mistake, while his case and his merits are seldom acknowledged. He must be satisfieu with having done his duty in the only possible way. Beyond this he mul>L not lose sight of the old adage "Virtue is its own reward." "Exactness," or accuracy of work, is of so much importance in all branches of research ; this accuracy is equall.v imperative in the work of the investigating officer. But what is to be understood by accurate work? It consist!\ in not trusting to others but attending to the business oneself, and even not trusting oneself and going through the case again and again. In endeavoring to verify the facts for himself the investigating officer must personally examine localities, make measurements and comparisons, and so form his own opinion. Countless cases could have been saved if people did not base their conclusions upon premises furnished by A. LAU· N .... known for ARMY & NAVY T Al LORING CAPS, CAMPAIGN RlBBONS, INSIGNIAS, PATCHES, ETC. 313 R .. Hidalgo, (Near) Cor. P. Gomez Page :!4 Quiapo, Manila .. PORTILLO'S Manila - Grace Park - Bacolod - Iloilo KHAKI and RED others, take as established fact what is only a remote possibility, or as a constantly recurring incident what has only been observed once. Depositions of witnesses can be rendered more accurate by experiment and ocular demonstratiQn. Suppose a witness declares, "when once I see a man I always recognize him again." "Did you see the man who went out as you came in?" You ask him. "Certainly I saw him very well," he answers. "All right, go and pick him out from ten other persons." A witness estimates an important distance at, let us say, 200 yards: let him be brought out of doors and say how far might be 100, 200, 300, 400 yards; if now these distances be measured, one can easily judge if and with what degree of accuracy the witness can judge distances. Such checks give the most remarkable results; whoever practices them will soon be convinced that their importance cannot be exaggerated. An investigating officer c~nnot advance a step without utilizing the agency of men, hence to enable an officer to work with accuracy he must have a profound knowledge of men. A treatise on the knowledge of human character, teaching how really to know men, has not yet been written and probably never will be; but certain methods and principles can be indicated in particular cases. A witness will tell nothing to an incompetent investigating officer, while the very same witness will make precise, true, and important statements to an investigating officer who can read him at a glance and knows how to handle him. If the investigating officer wishes to khow men, every individual who enters his room must become an ooject worthy of study from the first moment. The best way to fill his diary will be to write down observations on himself and others. As a rule . we find no difficulty in remembering the impression made upon us by the actions of others and r.ot easily forget the discovery of the mistakes we have made as regards them. "The best employed money," says a philosopher, "is that of wliich we have been defrauded, because with that money we have purchased the circumspection necessary to life." If the investigating officer possesses the special qualities we have just discussed, the next most important matter, when he starts work, is to discover the exact moment when he can form a definit~ opinion. Upon this, June, Hl49 success or failure often depends. If he should come to a definite conclusion too soon, a preconceived theory or opinion may be formed, to which he will always be attacked with more or less tenacity till he is forced to abandon it entirely: by then his most precious moments will have passed away, the best clues will have been lost- often beyond the possibility of recovery. If on the other hand he misses the true moment for forming an opinion, the investigation becomes a purposeless groping in the dark and a search devoid of aim. When will th investigating officer f ind this true moment? It is hard to lay down a definite rule : all that can be said is that the investigating officer must set to work under the guidance of basic principles of criminal investigation and that the decision must not come to him "all of a sudden" but must be formed step by step. There is an old saying that the " investigating officer can often make of good use, namely, "Cherchez la femme," (Seek the woman.) Sounding like a slogan in a movie, every experienced investigator wiH vouch that . ANNOUNCING .. ! AUGUST 28, 1949 DRAW (Based on a Sales Quota of P2,500,000) FIRST PRIZE .... .. .. . ... . .. . SECOND PRIZE . . .. . ... : .. . . . THIRD PRIZE . .. . ... ... .. . . . 6 FOURTH PRIZES at Pl2,000 each ... .. . .. .. . ... . . 1 CHARITY PRIZE . .. . . .. . . . P150,000 75,000 37,500 72,000 22,470.75 And Thousands of Other Prizes. Cost of One Booklet of ten tickets - P31.25 plus Twenty Centavos for Internal Revenue Stamps. Order by mail should include Ninety (90) Centavos for registered airmail expenses for the first booklet and thirty (SO) Centavos for every additional booklet, if mailed tog·ether. Authorized agents make a profit ·of P8.55 per booklet sold, besides the five ( 5) per cent seller· s prize plus one ( 1) per cent lfonus if full quota is subscribed, for selling any of tlie winning tickets from the First Prize down to the Eighth and Charity Prizes. TICKETS ARE NOW ON SALE SAVE LIFE AND WIN PRIZE Philippine Charity Sweepstakes. 1893 Rizal A venue, Manila Tels. : General Mi-i.naa·er Asst. Gen. Manap:er 2-73-55 2-73-91 AdministrntivP. Offi~er 2-78-72 TUNE TN : Station DZPI at 4:45 to 5 :00 P .M. every Sunday for Philippine Charit y Sweepstakes progr am Page 25 it carries a large portion of truth. The proper procedure is to endeavor to look for a woman as may have an influencing factor in the crime. Finally, it is a part of the busines>' of the investigating officer to indicate to his men the persons who can give information about important crimes. They may be drivers of public conveyances, messengers, prostitutes, etc. In investigation parlance these persons are termed Sources of nformation. Police authorities in the United States are of the firm belief that no police department can funcfion without the cooperation of its sources . of information. The FBI is also a strong advocate of this precept, it being claimed that all the scientific equipment in the laboratory will be useless without someone pointing out the suspect, upon which the said equipment may be used. The importance of the sources of information is manifest for three reasons: Firstly, they are not in regular employment and generally possess time and opportunity to observe their neighbor's business. Secondly, the criminal usually has relations with them before and after the crime. After the commission of a crime, a suspect will be in funds and will want to get away quickly. He will engage a public conveyance. Rs will probably employ a messenger to send off letters, or make purchases for him. And finally he will need amusement and distraction and will have recourse to a prostitute. Thirdly, each class forms a body of which the members have very extended relations with one another. A taxidriver knows nearly all other drivers, a jeep thief knows other jeep thieves, a prostitute knows other prostitutes. In consequence of these relations, what one knows the other learns, and a police officer can therefore generally obtain from them the information he wants. But in this, he will not succeed if he only starts, on the 'day following some big case to make the acquaintance with these classes. This he must have done long before, he must know these people and possess their confidence; then and only then can he obtain information on the points he wishes to know about. He ought not indeed to manufacture satell(tes and spies, but simply take measures to bring a number of persons into cooperation with himself in the service of justice. INDEX TO ADVERTISERS Page H . E. He·acock Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Universa~ Trading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Goodyear Tire & Rubber . . . . . . . . . . . 4 International Harvest~r . . . . . . . . . . . 5 l\'fanila Trading & Supyly . . . . . . . . . 6 Macondray & Co., Inc. . . ... ... ... 17 Atayde Brothers ............... .. . 21 PIECO ............. ....... . .. .... 21 Carvels ........................... 23 A. Laun ........................ 24 Portillo's ... ... ...... ....... ...... 24 Philippine Charity Swee!)stakes ... :25 Manila Lighter Tran. portation . .. . 26 Manila Steamship Co., Inc. . ...... 26 Northern Luzon Co . .............. 27 China Banking Con>oration ....... 27 • Gregorio Araneta, Inc. . . . . . ....... 29 Manila Joe.key Club .............. 31 Erlanger and Galinger, Inc. . ..... 33 O.E .S. & S. Co., Inc . .............. 34 Caltex, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 35 B. F. Goo!lrich ................... 3"/ Motor Servire Co., Inc. . ........ . 41 United Motors (P.I.) Inc . ......... 43 Shell Company of P.I. Limited .... 44 (Jet t/Je traditional Blizaltle service ... MANILA LICHTER TRANS., INC. TSS "Mi\YON"-Sails for Cebu, Man·ibojoc, Zamboanga, Cotaba.to • and Davao-every fortnight. MS "BOWLINE KNOT"-Sails for Cebu, Maribojoc, Za.rnboainga, Cotabato and Dava• o - every fortnight. and CUSTOMS BROKERS SUBSIDIARY ARTURO FIGUERAS CONTRACTOR GRAVEL • SAND • FILLING Room 305 - Trade & Commerce Bldg. 123 Juan Luna, Manila Tel. 2-64-72 Page 26 MS "VIZCAYA"-Sails for Iloilo-every Tuesday MS "LANAO"-Sails for {'ulupa1 nda.n.-every Tuesday. MS "VENUS"-Sails for Iloilo-every Thursday. MS "ELCANO" - Sails for Pulupandan ~ every Thursday. MS "BAZTAN"-Sails for Cebu a.n.d Gaigayan de Misamis-every Thursctay. .MS "RISAYAS"-Sails lor Iloilo and Pulupandanevery SatUTday. MS "SORSOGON"-Sails for Bulan, Legaspi, Virac, and Tabaco--weekly All sailings from Pier 6, North Harbor For passage and freight apply lo: MANILA STEAMSHIP CO., INC~ Elizalde & Co., Inc., Genera! Mcina[)'e?'S ELIZALDE BLDG. MUELLE DE LA INDUSTR.IA TEL. 2-69-31 ! KHAKI and HED .. PC SPORTS The second attempt of Camp l\for: phy bowlers to dislodge the defenders of Camp Crame on June 16 at the PC bowling alleys, at Camp Crame, Quezon City, resulted in another setback for the invaders when teams I and II of the AFP were both rolled back in crushing defeats by the constabulary duck pinners. Team I of the Armed Forces of the Philippines was defeated by the score of 1580-1494, whi·le team II of the AFP bowed to the P C defenders by the score of 1526-1498. The previous week, both teams of the Armed Forces of the Philippines from Camp Murphy were likewise defeated by the Philippine Constabulary bowlers with Lt. Ramon Mendoza, PC Signal as star player. The result of the games on June 16: AFP- Team I Maj. Pinto 91 90 96 277 Mario 101 105 206 Caragay 94 109 107 310 Garcia 95 101 96 292 Si an 109 95 119 323 Tiongson 86 86 -- - - -- - - 475 496 523 1494 P C-Team I Capt. Cati bog· 105 118 117 340 Capt. Guzman 84 86 170 Lt. Amor 105 109 112 ~26 Lt. C.1stelo 93 118 108 319 Lt. Meindoza 95 96 123 314 Capt. Carillo 111 111 -- -- -- -482 527 571 1580 AFP-Team II Comdr. Castro 98 83 100 281 Capt. Bulaclac 90 112 111 313 Capt. Carzon 123 107 104 334 Lt. Guzman, S. 81 103 89 273 Lt. Guzm11.n, C. 88 88 Lt. Rotor 97 114 211 -- - - - - - - 480 502 518 1498 PC-Team II Maj. Monzon 83 104 107 294 Capt. 4chica 102 126 100 328 Capt. Carillo 125 95 220 Capt. Baldii:c. 86 98 184 Lt. Crisostomo 101 102 90 293 Lt. Rivera 105 105 Lt. Santos 104 104 -- -- -- -497 525 504 152() .Tune, 1949 BE ALERT TRAVEL LIGHT BE PREPARED WITH The NEW LIGHTNING ADDING MACHINE Portable and Desk Model Easy to Operate-Fast and Accurate Adds up to P99,999.99 PRECISION BUILT for all purposes and people Adds. . . . . . Substracts. . . . . . Multiplies Clearance of figures with one stroke "Exclusive Representatives in the Far East": NORTHEN LUZON COMPANY 54 A. Lake St., San Juan, Rizal Tel. No. 6-82-75 The Lightning Adding Machines fits every person's purse. The Philippine Constabulary are at ease in the field with accuracy- Lightning Adding Machine. Get your Lightning Adding Machine -at OnceCHINA BANKING CORPORATION Manila, Philippines Incorporated under the laws of the Philippines Current & Savings General Banking Accounts & Fixed & Exchange Deposits Transactions Safe Deposit Boxes For Rent (Rental for larger boxes substantially reduced) Correspondents in all the Principal Cities of the World Hea.d Office: China Bank Building Corner Dasmarlfias & Juan Luna, Manila Bra nches: Shanghai 0t, Amoy China Cebu City, Philippines Page 27 VETERANS BENEFITS Facts and Figures Show How Veterans the IT. S. Veterans Presented to are Served by Administration By T. L. SINCLAIR SOONER or later a military man's services to his country are enrled. Then what? Before that dav perh'.lps he does not stop to think about what happens or who cares. Suppose he loses his life while in the service, or supoose he simply Jeaveg the service with an honorable discharge or because of wounds or sickness. In these cases, a democratic government usually hi:is an organization whose responsibility is to be concerned with what hanpens to him or to his dependents. If he dies in battle, there are the members of his family to be taken care of: or if he voluntarily leaves the service, there is the problem of his adjustment to civilian life. As a matter of fact, veterans' benefits, administered by an agency authorized by a nati-onal governme11t, are a form of insurance against the day when a soldier's or sailor's service for his country is ended. Veterans' benefits are generally of three types: to surviving dependents; to disabled veterans; and, to some extent, to able-bodied veterans. These are usually designed as support given to citizens by the people of a. country who appreciate what may have been lost or suffered as a result of patriotic servi·ce. Dea th pension to surviving dependents, disability compensation to disabled veterans, and some form of aid to able-bodied veterans to help them for a period in their adjustment again to civilian life, are benefits awarded to the degree that a people may be indebted to individuals. To those in the Philippines who fought wth the Armed Forces of the United States, American benefits have Page 28 been extended in the same manner that they are applied in the United States. Benefits administered by the U.S. Veterans Administra,tion, similar to any where a government expresses the wishes of her people, as Brig. Gen. R. B. Lovett, Manager of the USVA in the Phiiippines, h1s often pointed out, are those which have been regulated through laws passed by the United States Congress. Most people think of veterans' benefits as privileg-es given to veterans themselves. but this impression is far from true. In the Philippines. for instance. over two-thirds of USV A veterans' benefit payments. in total amount to the largest number of beneficiaries, go to surviving dependents of Philippine Armv, Rerog-nized Guerrilla, or regular U.S. Armed Forceg members. Among 46,540 checks mailed by the USVA last month. 34.738 were sent to widows. orphans, and dependent parents of deceased servicemen. The total amount of these checks to dependents was ?5.790,131.46 out of a total 1'8,952,445.96 disbursed generally in payment of veterans' benefits. Disabled veterans received Fl,278,704.98 in 4,916 individual payments for the month. Veterans in training received 6,842 subsistence allowance payments in the amount of Fl,655,854.04. Veterans themselves then receive only a small proportion of the benefits paid out in favor of veterans, while the great amount spent goes to those left helpless by war. In another respect, USV A ablebodied veterans are re la ti-vely Ii ttle favored by further limitation of their benefits. The law quite fairly provides that benefit payments to disabled veterans and surviving dependents will continue as long as the support appears to be needed - for the lifetime of widows and orphans who lost all means of support, to parents as long as they have no income, and to disabled veterans until they are recovered from their disabilities. As for those relatively few able-bodied veterans who receive :rehabilitation education and training, they are not considered so much to be government dependents and are soon expected to take entire care of themselves. Based in certain ways on length of service, not to exceed 4 years in any case, the period of their rehabilitati~n training is expected to be completed by J 956 when the education and tra'ning program will be closed. Actually then, the total amount of American taxpayer's money spent on those veterans, as compared to other beneficiaries who. need more, will finally be very small, since payments to others will continue long after able-bodied veterans are back on their feet. In the beginning of expanded operations by the US Veter.ans Administration in the Philippines, applications and claims came slowlv, much more slowly than in the United States; because few persons knew much about their eligibility for benefits and the wartime destruction of records had made it difficult to submit necessary evidence in a sound claim. The required procedures, which may seem rather complicated, are necessary in each case for record purposes and to determine entitlement so that only rightful claimants may receive 'their due. Today, the Veterans Administration receives many cases every day a'1d processes them much more rapidly. A well educated young veteran will have no trouble following instructions. but an illiterate widow still needs the patient assistance of a USV A Contact Representative, one of several who are stationed throughout the provinces to help claimants in the filing of their applications and preparing their supporting papers. In a few years, most claims will have been settled and education and training for living. veterans will long since have been completed; but still payments to beneficiaries in pension, compensation and insurance will continue helping those in the Philippines who need support, because the war left them at some permanent disadvantage as disabled veterans or as dependents with no other means to keep up with the economic progress of th~ country. KHAKI and RED i CAMP HUMOR Orderly: Hello, is this the operator? Telephone Operator: Sure, this is the operator. Orderly: Sorry, wrong number. »« «» »« Pvt. Ki·ko: So Lucas has been in the hospital for two months. Pretty sick, eh? Pvt. Alisto: Nope-pretty nurse. Very Shiny Top Brass (on the phone) : Hello, hello, I want to speak to Lieutenant Caros. Very Fresh Young Private: Sino iyooon? VSTB: Caros, Lieutenant Constancio Moy Caros. VFYP: A, si Caros, oo, hintay ka muna, haa? VSTB: !i ? !" grrr ! ? Grrr . .. (Curtains down for the Very Fresh Young Private). »« «» :.« A mother was reading aloud to her young daughter and came across the phrase "blood, sweat, and tears." "You know where that quotation comes from, don't you?" she asked. "Oh, sure," the little girl said. "From the marriag"e rites." »« «» ))(( Radio Operator: Charlie to Baker, Charlie to Baker, how do you hear me? Over. Receiving Party: No baker around, want to speak to the cook? »« «» »« Instructor: Squeeze the trigger gently and you will surely hit the bull's eye. Trainee: But where's the bull, sir? WATCH for the FOUNDATION ISSUE of KHAKI AND RED in August commemorating the foundation anniversary of the PHILIPPINE CONSTABULARY June, 1949 SMH - 2. When Sikatuna and Legaspi made the Blood Compact, they made history. For a little Blood from each cemented the friendship of two races. Instances like this become rar-er and rarer. Today you often have to give a lot to get a lot - except in SANTA MESA HEIGHTS where a LITTLE CAN LITERALLY BUY A LOT! Invest . lil SANTA MESA HEIGHTS J Araneta Bldg. GREGORIO ARANETA, Inc. 343 Ecbague Tels. 3-25-25 & 3-28-26 Tune in on the Gregorio Aranet:.i. Amateur Hour on Friday over DZPI from 8:15 to 9:00 p.m. Our Pride ... (Continued f rom page 14) The revolutionary doctrines so immemorably phrased and immortally achieved by the early Americans had not sprung full-grown from the American soil. They were convictioi:is which had been distilled from the product of centuries of thought of struggle and of sacrifice. On the shores of the Galilee, 2,000 years before, a people small in numbers had defended the dignity of man and the glory of God. In the shadows of the towering Alps the heroic Swiss had fought for home and freedom against the ruthless tyrant. These events and a thousand more went into the making• of the American Revolution. The labored thoughts of centuries of scholars, the lyrics of a thousand poets, the insurgence of numberless philosophers, all contributed to the ferment of ideas which found final form in the America of 1776. American democracy was established. The miracle was that it succeeded. And with its success the eternal search for freedom took new heart and courage. In France the human spirit broke its bonds only to be subdued again by military despotism. The Old World was shaken to its foundations. Anxious kings and princes took violent steps against the doctrines of liberty. But freedom did not die, the struggle for freedom did not end. It gained new impetus as the American democratic experiment continued to flourish, to give hope to men who loved liberty in every land. Gradually democracy moved irresistibly westward across a vast continent until it reached the shores of the Pacific. Nor did the broad ocean stay the westward surge of the pioneers of liberty. They planted its seeds in this land. . . seeds which bear today their richest fruit. So as we embrace our national freedom, we must see in it, as other peoples of the world do, not alone the product of our struggles and strivings, not alone the altruism of America, but also the final product of the world's age-old quest for liberty. We owe to our own heroes. . . to Rizal~ to Bonifacio, to Mabini, to Quezon, to Del Pilar and to many others a gratitude of memory, both deep and abiding. But in this supreme moment we must likewise pay tribute to the great apostles of freedom of many lands who contributed to our independence and nationhood, just as surely as if they had lived and died Page 3(1 on our soil. Kosciusko, LaFayette, and Simon Bolivar were all soldiers of liberty, equally with Washington, Jefferson, and Franklin D. Roosevelt. The origin of our liberties reach far back into antiquity, but it was America, who, through the past two centuries, incubated the concepts of freedom and the equality of men, which have now found such firm lodging in the Philippines. Long before the coming of America to the Philippines, our aspirations for nationhood had been influenced by thoughts and doctrines originating in the United States. The philosophers of our several revolutions were inspired by the Declaration of Independence, the Virginia Bill of Rights, and the Federal Constitution. Our patriots of those early days demanded the rights of free speech and of free press and of self-government. We well recall those who died here on the altar of religious freedom. When the first Philippine Republic was proclaimed, its constitution provided for a representative democracy. The Philippine Declaration of Independence borrowed even the language of the g!·eat American charter of liberty. When American troops landed on these shores in 1898, they found in full cry the yearning for freedom. Am~rican control had to be spread by force of arms throughout the Islands. But the conquerors spoke strange words into Filipino ears. They said that America had come not to exploit but to teach, not to tyrannize but to lead, not to own but to liberate. To our great surprise and to the wonder of the entire world this promise was kept. The benevolent stewardship was discharged with scrupulous regard. The successive spokesmen America sent here reiterated and emphasized the intentions of the United States to educate the Filipinos for freedom. General Arthur MacArthur, the gallant chieftain who led the first armies of occupation, early won our confidence, for he spoke to us not as the Captain of a conquering host but as a friend and liberator. Americans have maintained that role ever since. The presence here today of the great son of that first leader adds scope and significance to the present hour. The name of MacArthur will be forever emblazoned in the pages of our history. Our independence missions to the United States received without exception kindly and sympathetic hearings. Our aspirations for independence were given consistent support and encouragement. In 1916 the Jones Act promised us freedom as soon as we should be ready for it. In 1933 and 1934 that promise of independence became a compact between two peoples. The Filipinos, subdued and conquered in 1900, were accepted in 1934 as partners in agreement. The mighty nation whose power awed the earth, whose wealth and substance had won a great conflict in 1918, offered us our independence, promised to restore to us our national birthright and took steps to prepare us for our national freedom. Then came the war. General Douglas MacArthur directed that heroic defense which has become a legend in military history. The Filipino people thronged to the colors to do battle for their motherland. They continued to resist under the American flag even after that flag was lowered in temporary surrender. When General MacArthur at the head of his valiant legions of liberation returned in 1944, his forces were swept up in a tidal wave of gratitude and were carried forward on a mighty current of acclaim and support. The scattered remnants of his Filipino forces of 1941, their ranks filled out with the heroic guerrillas, flocked to his standards and added fury to the successful assault upon the enemy. The world cannot but wonder today as we become a nation. A new era has come to the Orient. The first democratic Republic has been established in this quarter of the globe. Freedom has been granted our people, a freedom requested by peaceful petition and freely granted by the American Congress. There are members of that Congress here today and among them are men to whom our obligation of gratitude is deep and everlasting. We will never forget their long and ardent labors for our liberty and welfare. They are heroes of our history and of our people. Their place in our hearts is secure. And now we must turn our eyes from the past and inspect as well as we can the dim and uncertain future. From this day forward our international responsibility is absolute. As we are the masters of our own destiny, so too we must bear all 'the consequences of our actions. If we surmount the difficulties that beset us, if we conquer the obstacles which bar our way, our people will grow great in the eyes of men. But if we strut with false pride upon the world stage, if we berate with bombast our friends and benefactors, if we lend,. KHAKI and RED for reasons of political expediency, comfort and encouragement to the enemies of peace and freedom, if we invite poverty, chaos and disorder to inhabit our land, we will break faith with our noble past and imperil our national future. No longer are we protected by the mantle of American sovereignty. No longer can we look to America to shield us from follies or excesses. There is no redress for our actions beyond the immutable laws of justice among nations. Our period of apprenticeship is past. We are an adult in the council of nations. Our decisions must be gravely made; they will be gravely judged. Our war-time heroism has commanded the respect of the world. We dare not sacrifice that respect. From this day forward, it is not the leaders of Government alone who will be judged. By the actions of our Government, the Filipino people will be appraised. Our actions in the next year& will determined the estimate the world will place upon our national character. Heavy is the weigti; of responsibility we bear as we start out upon the daf),gerous paths of independence. The ever-present guide is gone. We must find our own way, with the instincts we have inherited, with the wisdom we have acquired. Words must cease to be substituted for thoughts and judgments. In a troubled world where our alliance with one group of nations or another might help determine the fate of mankind, we cannot afford to hesitate or choose capriciously. We cannot be epicures at the international table. We must select our fare, and adhere to that selection. Our alliances must be firm and unshakeable. Our loyalties must be strong and enduring. I judge that our choice has been made. In the presence of our honored guests today, in the presence of the representative of the sovereign American Nation, I state my firm conviction that we have already subscribed irretrievably to the principles of the American Declaration of Independence and the American Constitution. Those principles are now embodied in the basic law of our land. We are committed to the cause and the international program of the United States of America. We are pledged to the support of the Four Freedoms. We are in the atomic age. We cannot stay the swift advance of time even if we would. The world shrinks with each passing hour. Wings carry men across deserts, oceans and Comp /i m en f .1 mountains. The wide waters have ceased to bar access to our land. The stratosphere is now an avenue for swift flight or swift destruction. In such a world we cannot retreat within ourselves. We cannot live in unconcern for the world's opinion. We cannot bar from our shores the products of other lands. We cannot build on principles of isolation. Today the affairs of Trieste must be our concern. Today we, too, have an interest in the Mediterranean. The problem of Palestine is our problem. The Poles and the Czechs are our neighbors; their fate concerns us as intimately as the destiny of China, the future of Manchuria or the welfare of Malaya. The world today is one. While we gain the glorious gift of freedom, it is accompanied by a charter of obligations. Today the concept of independence is overshadowed by the dynamic growth of international interdependence. On all fronts the doctrine of absolute sovereignty is yielding ground. Heavier and heavier grows the pressure of the world's anxiety for peace and security. That pressure is directed against the principle of total sovereignty. We have, by our membership in the United Nations, already surrendered some of Manila Jockey Club JOSE WARREN MANAGER 2000 FELIX HUERTAS, STA. CRUZ, MANILA June, 1949 Pag·c :n U.S. ARMY TOP BRASS call on Brig. Gen. Alberto Ramos, Chief of the Philippine Constabulary, at Camp Crame. In left panel, Maj. Gen. George Shea, new Commanding· General of PHILCOM. uses his right hand to emphasize a point as General Ramos listens in rapt attention. In right panel, General Ramos himself ~esticuJaks with his left hand as Maj. Gen. Jonathan Anderson, present chief of JUSMAG and former PHJLCOJ\'I chief, f.aces his host in all seriousness. THE MONTHLY HOP of the PC Officers Club was held at the clubhouse on June 1 with the G-2 Section as hosts in the let's-g·et-acquainted social. Special guest was Maym: Nicanor Roxas seen at left dancing with Carmen Rosales, popular movie actress. At right, Mayor Roxas stands at the sidelines with General Ramos and Lt. Col. Macario Asistio, G-2 chief and overall boss at the affair, looking on with some amusement at the antics of the younger guests. our sovereignty. It called upon to help in the enforcement of peace, w~ must supply that help. We have, as have other nations granted the right of the United Nations to utilize our land and our resources, if required for the purposes of international security. The cry for a World Federation of Nations is again welling from many throats. Should this come to pass, our sovereignty would be further curPage 32 tailed. We cannot obstruct that development. In the world of nations we lack the authority of power. We must depend on the world's conscience for our protection and salvation. But we have yet a greater bulwark today. . . the friendship and devotion of America. That friendship, which is the greatest ornament of our independence, raises us far above the level of our intrinsic power and presLige. There ate tnany nations aspiring to world recognition. There are many peoples who merit the sympathy and understanding of mankind. There are few who are poorer in wealth of goods and economic power than our own new-born Republic. in both Asia and Europe, the small nations tremble in the shadows of insecurity or are pawns in the insidious politics of power. Freedom, if it ever existed in many of those lands, has been erased. Famine, actual starvation, stalks the streets of cities and the by-roads of countrysides. What help they receive to avert epidemic and hunger must wait through the long processes of international consultation, and is subject to the moves and counter-moves of conflicting interests. America is the source of almost all of the assistance furnished the stricken areas of the world; and the American Congress, appropriating with troubled and divided cons, cience for the bare relief needs 'of these lands, looks askance at the political complexions of the governments in some of those areas. We, of the Philippines, are spared that trial. American aid to us is direct and whole-hearted. In other parts of the world, nations not fastened in the iron control of fear are locked in internal chaos, with civil war rampant and governments holding power by the tyranny of might. The Middle East writhes in ferment. Africa is a political battleground, the Iberian Peninsula seethes with unrest . . . only the wester~ hemisphere, the lands and peoples of the New World, are relatively free, secure and without fear, . . the New World and the democratic British Domm10ns overseas. Only these of the small nations of the earth are content in their security. And for these nations, through one means or another, the United States is the guarantor. Their security is a measure of the unselfish power of America. In the western hemisphere, the stability of governments, and their freedom from interference and coercion is the result of the Good Neighbor Policy and the Monroe Doctrine. The British Dominions, for their part, owe a large measure of their security to geographic position within the American defense sphere. Any doubts which may still linger in some quarters of the earth as to the benign intentions of America should be resolved by what she has so nobly and unselfishly accomplished here. KHAKI and RED Should we in the Philippines disdain the support of this modern Colossus whose might is the ,hope and strength of the world? No free nation today can, to its advantage, scoff and snarl at the United States, whose broad shoulders bear the awful weight of world peace. Subtract the influence of the United States from the rest of the world, and the answer is chaos. Perhaps we have not fully understood what has taken place in the past five years. There have been withdrawn from the balanced scales of world power the might of Japan in the East and of Germany and Italy in the West. The attrition of war has diminished the strength of Britain and broken almost entirely the authority of France. China is in the agonized throes of national rebirth. There are only two major poles of power in the world today ... Russia and the United States, both of them bestriding the oceans. facing Orient and Occident. Not The only type bar since the Peace of Rome was broken by the onslaught of the barbarians twenty centuries ago has there been a comparable situation. The mind of man can scarcely conceive of its implications. The world may well shudder, contemplating the possible consequences. But men of goodwill in many lands, desperately loving peace, have brought forth the United Nations, noble in concept, and worthy in purpose, a hopeful answer to the prayers of the humble peoples of the earth. of its kind ln the world June, 1949 EACH "TYPE BAR" ON A S M I T H - CORONA RIDES ON 15 INDIVIDUAL BALL BEARINGS BALL For Speed ... Durability ... Smooth Action ... And Effortless Typing, This Famous Ball Bearing Type Bar Can't Be Surpassed. You Get Better Results With Less Effort ... On a Smith-Coron.a! call 3-21-61 for a demonstration Page 3.1 We are members of the United Nations. Even as a Commonwealth, we signed the charter of that organization. It was Franklin D. Roosevelt's strong desire that we should be considered a nation among nations even before our independence, even while our land was in the clutches of the enemy. The signature of Manuel Quezon is affixed to the Declaration of the United Nations. Today, we may well rededicate ourselves to the ideals of the United Nations, to the preservation of peace and the promotion of justice among men. But as we pledge ourselves to this world organization, it is well to bear in mind that today the United Nations is no stronger than its sti:ongest power, and that it is the leadership of the United States which has given to this body its soul and strength. The world cannot but have faith in America. For our part, we cannot but place our trust in the good intentions of the nation which has been friend and protector for the past 48 years. To do otherwise would be A SAFE and a FILING CABINET. in one complet~ unit Also avai lable in 2, 3, & 5 draw· ers with or w ithout ooncealed •H f i!. SOLE DISTRIBUTORS O.E.S. & S. CO., INC. i7~ Dasma riiias (Gibbs Bldg. ) T el. 6·72-36 MANlLA Page:: 31 ~o foreswear all faith in democracy, m our future, and in ourselves. As we pursue our career as a nation, as we churn through treacherous waters, it is well to have a landfall that we may know our bearings and chart our course. Our safest course, and I firmly believe it true for the rest of the world as well, is in the glistening wake of America whose sure advance with mighty prow breaks for smaller craft the waves of fair. The Philippines aspires to greatness. We seek, along with all other nations, for glory. We seek eminence among the peoples of the earth. But we will not sacrifice peace to glory. We will not trade the happiness of our people for national fame. We will not yield freedom or liberty for economic well-being. We will search for, and I trust we will find, that happy formula for security, for friendship and for dignity that can be combined with the elevation of the economic status of our citizens, and with the preservation of our liberties in a world of peace and equal opportunity for all nations. We are a troubled people. Our economic goods are destroyed and our homes and buildings are in shambles. We must rebuild a levelled land. Against a background of destruction, we acquire our sovereignty, we receive our national heritage. We must perform near-miracles to bring prosperity to this, our land. The work of two generations was reduced to rubble in the passionate moments of war. Now we must rebuild in months what was created in decades. Time wields her whip-lash over us. Delay and decay stand in impatient turn at our door. Swift must be our actions lest the dynamics of chaos overtake our efforts. To succeed in this imperative, we have the assistance and support of the United States. Without that assurance, our prospects would be bleak and grim. In all this we will maintain the implacable substance as well as the noble forms of democracy. We will stay our progress, if it is necessary, to permit time for democratic counsels. We are determined to reflect in the actions of government the will of the majority of the people. We will move with the speed indicated by the people's wisdom. We will eschew the symbols and shibboleths as well as the motives of dictatorship. We cannot avoid the process of pause and advance which is the democratic way. Laws and institutions are more certain guides than the unchecked will of men, however benign their purpose. In our economic life, we will continue to embrace, as we have in the past, free but guided enterprise. That is our system. We will defend it against the deceptive allures of communism, of militarism, and of fascism. We will not give comfort or countenance to those anti-democ,ratic creeds. Proponents of these views will be protected in their right to hold and openly to advocate them. They will not be protected in subversive schemes to destroy the structure of this nation or of its free institutions. Alien anti-democratic "isms" will not be permitted to misuse the priceless privileges of freedom for the systematic destruction of liberty. We have surveyed at length our relations with the United States and with the rest of the world. We have discussed the significance of our nationhood in transcendental a11d in immediate terms. But this nation is above all a nation of people. Its Government exists by th'e consent of the governed, and seeks to express the will of the governed. The welfare of all the people must be our primary concern. The toil and sacrifice WP nave laid out for ourselves must be directed not for the exaltation of the state, but for the elevation of all our citizens, for their greater happiness, for their economic security, for their well-being, for the attainment of greater opportunities for their children. The sweat of the toiler's brow must be fairly and fully rewarded. The products of enterprise must flow in proper measure to those who participate in all the processes of production. There must be neither masters nor serfs in our economic system. As we stand at this moment, facing the thorny path of the future, trying our first unaided steps on the road which leads to tomorrow, let us take comfort in our national sturdiness and courage. We are 18,000,000 strong. Our people bear well the burdens of adversity. The national spirit is one of humility, of gentleness, and kindly brotherhood. Stout of heart and firm of purpose, prudent and wise in the deep wisdom of nature and of God, our people have great reservoirs. This land, this child of freedom, has great responsibilities to America. We are a staging area of democracy in this part of the world. But whatever our role in history, of one thing we may be sure. . . the Filipino, strong in his faith and steadfast in his lo(Continued on page 42) KHAKI and RED You are invited ... To write for KHAKI AND RED articles of opinion, events of significance taking place in your outfit, vignettes, sports and sochl items. Do you have any idea of how to persuade the people to cooperate more fully in the common effort to maintain peace and order? What do you think are the most critical needs of the Cons. tabulary at present? Is there any aspect in your work, any outstanding episode in your operations which you believe would be of interest to the readers? Do you have an outstandin!{ weightlifter or unbeatable chess player in your battalion? Did your technical sergeant's wife bea.- triplets? . . . These are only samples of the kind of materi-als we need ir: KHAKI AND RED. Officers and enlisted men and civilian employees of the PC may feel free to write on any subject for KHAKI AND RED. Our only requirement is that the contributions should be of GENUINE INTEREST to the readers, written in simple straie·htfo.rward English, and typewritten double-spaced. Photographs in clear black and white that tell a story are also welcome. Submitted manusc1·ipts and photographs will, of course, be rejected if in the opinion of the editors they do not merit publication. Addi·ess all contributions to The Editors, KHAKI AND RED, PC General Headquarters, Camp Crame, Quezon City. USE CAL TEX ST AR :<EROSENE * - TODA y ·~ MOST DEPEi'lDABLE HOME FUEL! June, 1~49 ¥Whether you ask for "kerosene" or "gas" - ins!st on ST AR KEROSENE A QUALITY PRODUCT OF CALTEX (PHILIPPINES> INC. Pag·e 35 Huk Revolt in Laguna (Continued frorn page 19) the supreme commander for Southern Luzon, that they agreed to launch a revolution to overthrow the government of Roxas by means of force, that each of the leaders in attenda11Ce promised to contribute arms and men from 100 to 500, and that they changed the name of the Huk organization to "Taliba nang Bansa" or "Talban." He also interpreted the minutes which proved to be a corroboration to the aforesaid confession. A case of co;ispiracy and proposal to commit r ebellion was immediately filed against Villegas and his companions, using Capt. Puts as a witness. The months and years to follow were rebellion in action. In no time, I amended my complaint from conspiracy and proposal to commit rebellion to rebellion. Capt. Puts faithfully came across with his part in the deal. Today he is retained in the active service in recognition of his valuable services towards the eradication of his former Huk brothers-in-arms. Later, Capt. Puts figured as a star witness for the government in the first rebellion case that reached the Court of Appeals : the case of "The People versus Benito Cube" wherein the appellate court in November, 1948 outlawed the Huks or Taliba nang Bansa of Southern Luzon as an illegal association whose aims are to overthrow the government besides convicting the accused. In the same case, it reaffirmed the Supreme Court's doctrine in the "People versus Sadam" that mere membership in a rebel organization without participation in armed encounter makes one guilty of rebellion. The Talban devoted the month of July to prepare for "war." On August 7, 1946, the Talban occupied and robbed the municipal building of Majayjay. After sacking the town, they switched on the same day to the town of Magdalena. They emptied the treasury of all cash contents, the municipal treasurers reported. A Huk spokesman, however, claimed that not all the cash contents were taken. For this reason the provincial auditor of Laguna refused for some time to approve the treasurers' claim for r elief. My findings as an investigator supported the claim of the two treasurers. Later the dissident band sacked the town of Lilio. They held the town at bay for two hours, even held a meeting in the public plaza. They were careful to block all exits so that nobody could notify the MPs of the goPage 36 Letter from LINDA TARUC (As r eprinted frorn The Sunday Times, June 12, 1949). ERRORS OF COMMUNISM Communism is a sin against the Ten Commandments of God because Communists aim to deprive their fellowmen of their private property through unjust means. It is revolutionary in character, planning an upheaval of society and a radical change in the existing order. Communist idea is most impracticable and nonsensical. Even if the state gave the same amount to everybody, inequality would arise in a short time. This system would penalize the industrious ,and talented by depriving them of their personal incentive. Communists are generally atheists. Communism would do away with religion, family life, authori.ty and social order. Communists would reduce man to the level of lower animals destitute of all that develop his higher nature. The members of a ColT\munist state would become virtu,al slaves with no rights of their own. They would be worse than machines. NOTE: I have no relation with the Huk supremo Luis Taruc. I have a different ideology. I'm a Catholic.LINDA TARUC. Sta. Cruz. Manila. ings-on. Cash in the municipal treasury, typewriters, firearms belonging to the police, and rice stocks kept by the municipality for distribution were all stolen, not to mention the personal effects robbed from the houses of local residents. In November, 1946 the Huks plundered the town of Nagcarlan because Mayor Pablo Arceta refused to give them any aid. Twenty municipal policemen chose to fight it out with about 120 Huks rather than abandon their posts. Two policemen were killed in the encounter at the municipal hall, and Mayor Arceta, the chief of police, and a patrolman were take en prisoners by the Huks. The towns in the Baybay coast of Laguna continue suffering the same fate. The lives of many officers and men have been sacrificed but the Huks are paying with much more casualties. For sure, the forces of the Constabulary will get all of them in the end. The PC as a guardian of peace insists that no one can abuse the rights, the honor, and the property of another man without in the end suffering for his crimes. Letters (Continued from page 8) The Editors KHAKI and RED The PC, like the rest of the polier agencies of the Philippines, is confronted with various problems in the maintenance of peace and order. One of its greatest ills is the d:scipline and training of its personnel. Higher headquarters has done its best to get rid of undesirable members but it has not done enough as providPd for i·n Circular No. 33 MPC, dated lJ June 1947. The procedure therein provided has plenty of formalit ies and requirements so thot th::it until n0'v, units in the field could not so easily get rid of its unde<>irable personnel. Why 11ot make a short cut by .inst requiring all provincial i::ommanders and company commanders to submit the names of undesirable en)i ted mf'll and officers and let GHQ do the rest? In turn, civiran v-0lunteers could he recruited as in the prewar constabulary where more disciplined a.::id efficient soldiers were produced. The PC which is delegated with the investigation of grave cases encounters various problems which could easily be minimized if GHQ would do something about it. One such problem is the hostile attitude of the public in general to give inform;ition and provide material" witness. A witness faces many inconveniences before and during the trial. He has to spend for his own transportation · and subsistence. Why not set aside funds to take care of this? If higher headquarters can r aise money for its clubs, chapels and other things, why could it not set aside money for this important undertaking? In the past, the provincial headquarters was provided with the socalled intelligence fund. This fund did help a lot in the investigation. · Through the use of such fund the provincial headquarters could appoint informers and provide them with stamps and stationery so that they could easily send reports to headquarters. There are also cases wherein suspects have to be followed and shadowed. How can our i'nformers and ipvestigators work effectively withou't the necessary funds? In general, the Philippine Constabulary has done much with so little. But the suggestions respectfully presented herein would be able to do much to improve things.-CANARES ABAN, 1st Lieut. Inf. (PC). .KHAKI and RED '>~ -. ~ , .. \ LO~OK FOR_ THIS TR E MARK FOR TODAY~S llGGEST TIRE VALUE i it's .on. Ile lire that . OUTWEARS PREWAR TIRES I m~~r::r?~,.;.""'l.'M.~~~· • The B.F.Goodrich trade mark is your guide to top quality in tires, tubes and automotive accessories. The new B. F. Goodrich Silvertown for passenger cars actually OUTWEARS PREW A..."'l TIRES. Its new type tread is wider, flatter, with hundreds of curved edges - and it gives you quicker, safer stops and better traction. New and stronger cords make the tire body stronger, tougher, able to take road shock and impact. More than 16,000,000 miles of road tests under all driving conditions plus many laboratol'f tests prove that the new B. F. Goodrich Silvertown actually outwears prewar tires. See us today for your tire needs. ?(. t1 VAILABLE AT YOUR GOODRICH DEALERS) STORE ~ • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • i • . , • • • II • • • i • I • • • II • • • • I • • I ····-·~···; At the Social First Meeting By (Mrs.) AMPARO 0. ACAB UNDER the able management of Mrs. Felicing Sauco (Program Committee) and Mrs. Elizabeth Campo (Refreshments Committee), the first social meeting of the PCWC was successfully held on June 11 at the PC Officers Club, Camp Crame, with Lt. Jose Campafia's PC Band furnishing the music. The program was preceded by a brief visit to the nursery and home extension classes with our adviser, Mrs. Brigida Ramos, and the guest of honor, Mrs. Trini·dad F. Legarda, leading. Our active president, Conching Martelino, spared no detail in enlightening everybody about the projects of the club. The rooi;ns adjoining the nursery class are now furnished with kitchen utensils and tables. We expect the home extension class to f~nc tion before the end of the month under the management of Mrs. Gloria Monzon, chaiTman of the Committee on Social Graciousness. There are actually two nursery classes held daily. The first class of 30 children, from 8-10 a.m. and the second class of 42 children, from 1012 a.m. Miss Soledad Santos is the persevering little teacher of these preschool age children. The little tots are supplied with pencils, papers, nursery books, and crayons free. Besides the milk donated by Mrs. Consuelo Perez, wife of Speaker Perez, the nursery classes also get a subsidy of P40.00 PC WOMEN'S monthly from the National Federation of Women's Clubs. Our guest of honor proved a gem, when in her overwhelming enthusiasm to help the good cause, she decided then and there that the UNICEF (United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund) Feeding Program should be extended to families of PC enlisted men. There was a look of complete comprehension in her eyes when she explained further to the members of the Club how this feeding program should be worked out. In the latter part of her very interesting talk, Mrs. Legarda delighted the audience with her sisterly advice on how women should exercise the right of suffrage intelligently and to the best advantage of the country. She clearly brought out the fact that if she ever goes into politics, it shall be for the purpose only of using her politica.J influence in furthering her labors as a social worker. She said she "intends to entei· politics on a high plane, not to go down to the level of dirty poli tics." "B ut," she emphasized, "I am not a candidate yet." Through this column, we the members of the PCWC are extending our heartfelt thanks to Mrs. Trinidad F . Legarda for all the help she (as representative of the National Federation of Women's Clubs) is giving our Club. <Continued on page 40) lUrs. TRINIDAD F . LEGARDA UNICEF aid for PC families. The little membus of one of the two PC nursery classes a~·c shown posiI1g- for the photog;rapher in admirable aplomb (left panel. ) At right is Miss Soleda d Santos, th e tl'acher, h anding out gfasse!'i of millr to the tots at recess. Milk is donated by Mrs. Eugenio P erez. Page 38 KHAKI ancl RED 'LUE SECTION EVZ CHAPTER ORGANIZED By (Mrs.) i'vJAH.lA ESTRELLA VILLAROS}\. Secretary, PCWC, Eastern Visayan Zone PC ONE sunny afternoon on May 10, 1949, a sizeable number of officers' ladies answered the telephone calls of Mrs. Flora: R. Oppus, wife of Colonel Angel Oppus, Commander of the Eastern Visayan Zone. Appropriate setting for such a gathering was the airy and modern PC Recreation Hall in Cebu City. The ladies listened to Mrs. Oppus as she read the communications from General Headquarters at Camp Crame, pertinent to the reorgani?Jatio;i of the prewar Philippine Women's Auxiliary Association into the PCWC. Monthly dues, annual quotas, and membership were also explained. H{ghlight of the meeting was the election of officers. The following were elected : Mrs. Paz Inovejas, President; Mrs. Marciana S. Francisco, Vice-President; Mrs. Maria E. Villarosa, Secretary; Mrs. Carina L. Magbag, Treasurer; Mrs. Arcadia Sabalones, Auditor; Mrs. Resurreccion R. Revilles, Sgt.-at-Arms; Mrs. Paulina J. Garces, Sgt.-at-Arms. Board of directors: Mesdames Iluminada V. Martelino, Gloria Hawkins, Helena H. Navarro, Gliceria A. de Leon, and Jacinta S. Mercado. Mrs. Flora R. Oppus is the club adviser. The officers, still waiting to be inducted into office, held their first i.nformal meeti:ng especially called by Mrs. Oppus to discuss important business. The first important topic taken up during the meeting was the holding of a send-off party for Mrs. Hawkins, a member of the club's board of director. The Hawkinses were leaving for Tuguegarao where Major Clifford Hawkins is the new zone dental surgeon. Mrs. Oppus proposed the holding of an afternoon mass and novena for Our Lady Mediatrix of All Grace at the PC Chapel beginning May 22nd up to the 31st; and a general communion in the morning of June 1st. Everything was carri'ed out successfully as planned by the adviser and the different commi ttees. During the mass the officers' laPCWC Issues President Appeal The Philippine Constabulary Women's Club whose revival was initiated by the able lady of our PC Chief, Mrs. Brigida P. Ramos, aims to promote the welfare of the PC personnel in general, and the families of enli sted men in particular. As ladies of the PC officers, we should all try to make this organization as succesdul if not as good as its prewar predecessor. Every tiny bit of help is neede~ . The club officers alone can not make a go of things. Every member should le:id a hand. General Ramos in his talk during our induction ceremonies issued a challenge and expressed the hope that our club would not be another example of "Ni-figas kugon." We have accepted the challenge and let us show, not to the Geueral alone but to eYery one else, that we will not give up, not until we have accomplished the task we have imposed on ourselves. Let us all therefore work and strive. CONCEPCION CALDERONMARTELINO President, :f'.CWC dies sang the "Ave Maria," the "Salve," and other appropriate songs lovingly dedicated to Queen Mary, Mother of God, our all-powerful intercessor. The officers and members of the PC Women's Club, Eastern Visayan Zone ehapkr pose fer a picture at the PC Recreation Hall, Cebu City. Thl'y have on top a series of activities. .Jane, 19·19 Page 3fl JJ.ow bud';! id fhe ,PC WOMEN'S CLUB? commanders. These ladies were instructed to organize PC Women's Club chapters in provinces within their respective zone. A province may organize a PC Women's Chapter if it has a minimum of 15 members.- If less. than 15 the ladies in a particular province will be members of the zone chapter. Provincial chapters, however, must be part and parcel of the zone chapter. B ARELY two months in existence since its organization last March 18, the PC Women's Club can now count with certain accomplishments-concrete and reaL Our adviser, Mrs, Brigida Ramos, lost no time it1 inspiring the club to undertake different projects, Hers is a busy mind with varied interests- interests particularly dedicated towards making the club render valuable service. Driven by an overwhelming enthusiam for a good cause, the dub has initiated projects for the welfare of PC men and their families . Wehave lately opened a club, a 1ibrary, and a nursery class for chi ldre>J of enlisted men. The class started on April 8, 1949 and is held from 9 to 11 every day except Saturday. At present there are 48 pupils under Miss Soledad Santos. A glass of milk is given each child free of charge everyday during recess. Milk is donated by Mrs. Consuelo S. Perez, wife of Speaker Perez. The first week of June we opened another class for pre-school nge children. This class opens at 8 :00 a.m., so that starting J une G there are two classes, one from R to 10 and another, from 10 to 12. We were able to get from the National Federation of Women's Clubs of the Philippines a cash :i.id of forty pesos a month for one school year starting this month for our nursery classeR. 'l'he books in our children's library 1 are all from the National Feder'.ltion of Women's Clubs also. We have at present 150 volumes. By the e11d of this month we will be getting another 100 volumes. A place appropriate for home extension classes is being put up now. We expect to have it opened very soon, not later than the second week of June. In these classes, food preparation, food pre:>ervation, home decoration, dress making, and child care will be taught to wives of PC enlisted men. These classes, like the nursery class, are given free. In her desire to enhance ihe opening of the classes, Mrs. Ramos volunteered to make donations of her own. A similar class wi ll also be opened in the near future for ladies Page -10 of officers in the Philippine Constabulary. In line with the PC Wome11's Club pl'Ojects for the welfare of P C enlisted men, we thought it wise to have a grade school within the camp. It was unanimously agreed in our last meeting on May 18, to r equest General Ramos, the PC chief, to make r epresentations with Mayor Nicanor Roxas of Quezon City for the opening of a barrio school for children of enli-sted men within Camp Crame. We are earnestly hoping we shall succeed in this matter. In this last meeting it was also agreed to put up another nursery class in Yiew of the inadequacy of the nursery class at present being held. Inasmuch as these classes are held for the benefit of children of enlisted men in the PC, we decided, to solicit a cash aid of Pl00.00 from the monthly earnings of the PC Officers' bowling alleys. A request was sent at once to General Ramos sohciting his authority to grant us this monthly sum. Tn order to make the P C Women's Club truly national and embracing in its scope, circular letters have been forwarded to the wives of P C zone As one writer puts it: "Live together on terms of mutual affection." Thus the PC Women's Club plans to help boa.st the PC Band so it can once. more attain its prewar fame and prestige. For thi·s purpose, a music concert will be held at the Rizal Memorial Stadium sometime next October. Our untiring president, Mrs. Concepcion Martelino is leaving no stone unturned to make this affair a success. Well, folks, this is all for now. Indeed, the PC Women's Club is a very busy little bee. We'll give you more information on our activities next time.-AMP ARO . 0. ACAB At The First ... (Continued f r om page 39) Miss Soledad Santos is a r eal paragon of patience with her pre-school age pupils. In less than ten days, she was able to teach them the Bahay Kubo folk dance which amused the audience. Little Teresita Gozun, daughter of Col. and Mrs. Modesto Gozun rendered a piano, selection. General Ramos, just back from an inspection trip in the provinces, dropped in just as the gathering was obut to break up. The interior of the chapel of the Ea.stern Visayan Zone, PC, in Cebu City. The religious activities of the zone are centered in this chapel. KHAKI and RED / .·~~c ;::.J '·i . ~· ........ J Tel. 2-65-27 230 13th ST., Port_ Area Manila GENUINE AND REPLACEMENT PARTS FOR ALL MAKE~~~cARs & TRUCKS Waenu GARAGE EQUIPMENT o\MERICAN HAMMERED PISTON RINGS LUBRICATING EQUIPMENT Beoideo theoe world famou1 trademark1 we carry in alack what We al.ncerely be· lieve to be the lar11eat 1election of automobile parta arid acceaaorie1. Our pricea are reaa:>nable becauae we operate our buaineaa on larrc harnoyer with ,mall profit. -·ACCESSORIES & TOOLS WAGNER .LOCKHEAD BRAKE FLUID & PARTS ELECTRICAL TOOLS PROVINCIAL INQUIRIES GIVEN PROl\1 l'T AND CA REFUL ATTENTION . \\'RITE TO US FOR FULL I:\FORi\I A TI ON HAMLET, SHAKESPEARE CLASSIC, SOON TO THRILL MANILA FANS Hamlet, universally acknowledged to be William Shakespeare's greatest masterpiece, is quoted and referred to every day, wherever the English language is spoken, by countless thousands of people who have never read the play. This alone is proof that, from the day it was written, the story of Hamlet has gripped the world's imagination, and the beauty and Two !>renes from "Hamlet," a movie epic that,. will entertain Philippine einemaddkts starting next month. Page ·12 strength of its writing has colored the everyday speech of the ordinary man and woman in the street. When he made Henry V, Oliver was able to present it as a pageant of brilliant splendor and fast-moving action without in any way sacrificing the more serious undertones of the story. In Hamlet he has not only been faithful to Shakespeare's masterly storyperhaps the first great psychological drama ever written-but has also infused into it a speed and urgency ancl movement that is wholly cinematic. Ancl what a story this is! Staged amid .. 11 the grandeur of the Royal Court ,f Denmark here is a tale of murder and intrigue, of revenge ancl treachery, of love and suicide, of madness and despair, of fatal delay ancl even more fatal action. Hamlet, the noblest work of England's greatest dramatist, has passed into the world's store of literature. This ·film, the achievement of England's finest actor and most imaginative director, is now offered to the world in the sure belief that it will take its place among the historic presentations of this historic drama. Our Pride ... <Continued from page 34 l yalty, will support his nation, comp what may. This daughter land of America, sprung from the hardy stock of Asia, will not be awed by difficulties. It will live and endure the shocks of time. This is our faith and this is our resolve. With the he:p of the Divine Providence, our stepf will be illumined by the shining countenance of truth and of righteousness ... our spirits will be eased fron1 th<:' weariness of toil by the grace of knowledge that our people's hr ,ipiness is our goal. •. Our independence is our pride and our honor. We shall defend our nation with our lives and our fortunes. As a poet wrote long ago: Let independence be our boast Ever mindful what it cost. Ever gratefu l for the prize, Let its altar reach the skies. KHA KI ar.d - Pleasant news for you! THE NEW DODGE with GYROMATIC* Transmission Yes, for you the new Dodge is really pleasant news. It is so much better than ever . . . in so many ways. For example, you can drive all day without touching the gearshift lever ... or using the clutch! That is because of the sensational new GYROMATIC* Transmission. It does all the shifting for you ... automatically. Besides that, the GYROMA TIC Transmission lets you select the time you want to change to another gear. And it combines with All-Fluid Drive to give you smoother acceleration, too. Here is additional pleasant news! The beautiful streamlined styling of the new Dodge does not sacrifice your comfort, convenience or safety in any way. You will also be pleased with the smooth performance of the improved 1-head engine. And the new " sea-leg" shock absorbers give you a softer, safer ride over rough roads and around curves. These are but a few reasons why the new Dodge is pleasant news for you. Come in and see it today! Here it is ... the new NEW BEAUTY ••• with extra <omfort. Seats are chair-height ... and wider than ever. You have plenty of comfort .•• and plenty of room. NEW BEAUTY ••• with extra vision. Larger windshield, lower hood, lower front fenders give you better view of the road ahead. *Extra equipment on Dodge "Coronet" models only. ON DISPLAY AT UNITED MOTORS (P.I.), INC. ECHAGUE-AYALA, l\IANILA, PHILIPPINES, TEL. 3-26-"!I • t . snow run clean '-"g\t\e ecause of revoluf ionary ~, --~ tP -~ Here's an oil that constantly works to clean your engine and keep it clean. D0n't be alarmed when Shell X-100 darkens quickly. Be pleased! That's the detergent additive, "X" Safety Factor, doing its work. Gummy deposits from piston rings and valves are removed. These harmful impurities arc dispersed as minute particles through the body of the oil, thereby enabling the engine to function efficiently. The detergent "X" Safety Factor 111 Shell X-100 removes all the hardest deposits from your engine. Shell X-100 prevents new deposits from forming. Your engine remains free from accumulated dirt and carbon impurities. So you use less oil! Remember a clean engine is a powerful engine. '·