Young Citizen

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Part of The Young Citizen: The Magazine for Young People

Title: Young Citizen
Issue Date: Volume 1 (Issue no.8) September 1935
Year: 1935
Language: English
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extracted text: .. ILD HEALTH DAY NUMBER THE YOUNG CITIZEN The only magazme m the Philippines published exclusively for boys and girls' The YOUNG CITIZEN is read in the best homes of this countryAmong our subscribers arc children of Senator Osmeiia, Secretary Quirino, President Bocobo, Justice Jos~ Abad Santos. Judge Manuel Camus, Judge Jose C. Abreu, Judge Mariano Albert, Under-Secretary Vargas, Director Arguelles_ of the B1:1rca1i of Science, Director Eulogio Rodriguez of the Nation:il Library, Director ~lorcncio Tamesis of the BurcJ.u of Forestry, Dean Francisco Benitez. Major Paulino Santos of the Bureau of Prisons, Major F. Segundo of the U. S. Army, Atty. Manuel Lim, Dr. <Jumcrsindo Garcia, Dr. Pedro Lantin, Dr. Leandro H. Fernandez, Insular Collector of IntCrnal Revenue A. L. Yatco, Architect Juan M. Arellano. Mr. Isaac Barza, Mr. Gregorio Anonas of the Metropolitan Water District. Deputy Insular Auditor Jaime Hernandez, Mr. Arsenio Luz. Lditor Mauro Mmdez of the Philippines Herald, and other leading professionals, educators, and businessmen of this country. Subscribe Today! THE TRIBUNE MAY 15, 1935 l,, .... J M A YB E . \l.~~?,~!~~lf you don't mind, we like to say welcome to "T~e -1 · Young Cilizcn," the lalcst entry into the field o~ Phil· ippine journalism designed 11rimanly for the boys and girls. The new young people's monthly carries a piclurc i~ color in the cover and has a formal that 1:; easy on the eye and even alluring to the grow:> <"' ing intelligence. It is attractively illus' { trated in the manntt of the modern civilised books for children. We think it is the first thing of the S91:t to he liJcally confected ·for local consumption and as su(:h desen-es a word of notice from our direction for historical pur1>0ses. From the looks Of it, it Is not anything hastily it:::!e~ ?e ~ulfi:~vii~~ow;~!~.fdi8::c:a:~.;:r'·~~t:~e~e'\~~ lie terest of a good cause-in the first and until the sec.ond at or third i.ssue. A good many contemporary magazin~ ~~ ;fr~~i~t~f:fbl:o~~o:~t~i::i;r;e!i~~n!h;th;~:;:d ofh_~hfoo1: ho of the wont "editor" appended to his name socially or he otherwise. "The Young Citizen" appe:i.rs competently edited; we ha,·e failed to notke, from fir0>l examination any In. horrifying infantalisms such as are frequently pu~<>ib~e in literarv efforts to impro\·e infants. Its material 15 of e,·en heaithy and edifying without degenerating into soppy pap; we ha,·e not detected-as yet-any note of special 1iropa~anda for any coterie educa~i~nal. ~I~~ }~~a!• ~\~C~r~~~i~~ ~:t~~~:: r~: :e~~~~ ~ ~~~r:s:::~si~1:S~ ceptible period. A11parently n~ne or our potentrnl r~s cisti hu·e as yet taken hold of 11 for 1mri1osc~ ~f special indoctrination. But don't tell us wc arc g~·mg some \lCOJl~ni::~~:. we hope "The. Young ~itizen'' v:·m lh·e o!' ~1~ ~~11~ced i~;~ ~~;~~~~~db:~~:~o::t~!v:;~~~~~t~:~~ ~~n~;: -~~I' flicts the ad,·anccd cnses of youthful messmhsh1p. Our ;.cl ideal is that youn~ citizens shouhl grow up halancc.d ~r ~~~t r:~~11~n~il!~'l~~:.:n~r~r;!~:;:~~{,~et~~1t:e~'"~a~ul~~111! mm·h to (!ilot the young through the t_r1cky ~hoals of their must ini11ressionable years with suatablc literature ~i' of the momcn1. ' I Wcc\11cs1lay. May 15, 1!)35. ;, I -·._.II. .f./,. n Approved By the Bureau of Education for Public Schools Community Publishers, I n c. 405 P. Faura, Manila Tel. 5-76-86 Jht 'ftoung (itiltn THE MAGAZINE FOR YOUNG PEOPLE PUBLISHED MONTHLY • Volume 1 Number 8 · Ente1·cd as S.ec"nd Class Mail Matte1· ut the Manila Post Office on May 16, 19J5 This Magazine is Approved by the Bureau of Education for Public Schools The Message This Month HELPFULN£SS -THE . BEAUTY OF THE COMMUNITY This Month SEPTEMBER, 193s A Child's Wish (A Poem)-Lu!u de la Pnz HIS We like to live in a clean Brave Brother (Little Stories for Little Peoplace. Of course, we like ple)-Amtt Julia .. 197 to live not only in· a cleJn How A Child Can Grow Big and Tall-Dr. M. place, but also in a clean ~/' itlno · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · and- beautiful place!. Chi!- ice I&"norance (A Story)-Ant.onio Hl:J dren are ~roud and glad r.o ~; ~~~~-y~~-n-~ ·«~~~~~1:; -~Yangco) show their homes to th~'1r; -Alva.ro f,, Martinez .... 198 200 fr~ends if they are clean and Do You Know 'What You Eat-Efigenia Uibeautiful. People are proud chanco ..... ~. 201 of their own town if it is The Story· of .Sesshiu and the Mouse (A Story) clean and beautiful. Elizabeth Latch ................... . 203 Last month we talked T~J~~:e~~1~e; ;!ii: ~eggar Boy (A Story) 204 about the djfferent ways in The Discontented Gumamcla Fairy (A Story) which school children cJn -Ligaya llictorio Reyes 206 207 help make .our community A Child's Problem--Lina ,\ti. ·santirego . clean. Now, what can we The Sky and The Stars (Draco, the Dragon) 20fl do to help make our community beautiful? Well, there are many different ways but let us mention only a few which schooi children could easily do. First, let us make our hofue and its surroundir1g beautiful. Let us place some flo~ering plants on the wi11dows, and make a flower garden in the yard. Perhaps our tu~hers- can show us how to make a garden; how to arrange the plant~. :flowers. stones, shells. etc. in cfrder to make the gard.:n beautiful. Second. ,Jet us make our public buildings and placi:s also beautiful. Old buildings should be cleaned and painted: broken fences repaired; ugly shrubbery and advertising posters removed; etc. School children cannot do much in this matter but f Plcase turn to page 211) Breakfast for School Children-Lucinia Cha'ves-Peralta . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 Hobby Page (Bamboo Stand for Photograph) Gilmo Baldovino .. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 Pictol"ial Page . . . . . . . . . . . .... 210-211 Among the Boy Scouts (Washington Jamboree Ce,lled Off)-Ferwmdo Pimentel 212, Learning the Use·of New Words 213 A Health Game . . . . . . . 213 The Care of the Teeth-:;-D1·. G. Eraiia . 21·1 Character Education Section (An Old Library Book)-Jose Felicfrtno 214 Ethiopia-A Country That May Lose Her Independence . 215 Pen and Pencil Circle . . 21f: Books to Read 218 Anywhere and Everywhere 2rn This Month Years Ago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 Kiko's Adventures 22{! Thoughts for the Young-D. A. Hernandez 220 The Skylark (A Song)-Antonio llfufwz . 221 Good Citizenship (Serving the Government) 22:~ Drawing Lessons for Little Artists-Gilmo Baldovino 22~ My Pets (Poems)-Alvaro L. Martinez . . 224 Election of the First President of the Philippines 224 Nepa (A Poem)-Lulu de la Pn.z 2~4 Interesting Places-San Francisco de! Monte 225 Cross-Word Puzzle . 226 Every Month In 1'HE YOUNG CITIZEN you will always find: Stories Young people will. read , 2,gain and again - storieS ; that build character, folklore, fanciful _stories, and £.ducational stories. Poems that the young people of thP. Philippines lo\.·e. Contests and Things-To· Do Games, puzzles, things to make, cooking, drawing, etc. ,: Art, History, and Nature Study Beautiful photographs and{ entertaining articles - and stories which can really en.: tertain and interest young people in these important subjects. Interesting Features The Pen and Pencil Circle,. which stimulates creative expre!:sion ; the Hobby Page, which opens the way to new interests and develops initiative; and the Citizenship Page, which instills practii:al ideals of good citizenship in the boys and girls whQ to· morrow will be the leaders of the world. Book Chats About books and authors young people will be inter-· ested in. Science and Health. Talks ~n scientific subjects, special recipes and menus, articles on health and sani- · tation. EditoYial Dfrecfor: Jose E. Romero. Contributing Edito1·s: Juliana C. Pineda, Encarnacion Alzona, Emilia Malabanan, Ursula B. Uichanco, I. Panlasigui. Subscription Price: P3 for one year of 12 issues; $2.IJO in the United States and foreign countries. Single copy, 30 centavos. ~!~s~~e~;·t~f~:na~~~o ~~~~obv:~ho. L11tsch. Pub'ished by COMMUNlTY PrBLISHERS, INC., 405 P. Faura, ~fanila, Philippine Islands. Subscriptions are to be, .paid to COMMUNITY PUBJ,ISH~RS. ll>lC. 405.P. Faura, Manila, P. I. Repl"oduction of any matter herein is prohibited •. THE YOUNG CITIZEN A CHILD'S WISH \\·ish I were a moonbeam, In a silve1· sheen of ll'hite, Filtering through the cla1·kness Bathing all the \\'oriel ll'ith light. Then I could play hide ancl seek, With the clou<b ancl ghostly trees. I could peep through the "·inclo\\'s Where the children lie asleep. I might he \'el'Y tiny, Yet I kno\\· that I can helpThe heavens keep in beauty And the darkness turn to light. S<'11trmher, J9.J!i SP.ptembe1·, 1935 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 197 LITTLE STORIES FOR LITTLE PEOPLE · BRAVE BROTl-IER By Aunt Julio ·"MOTHER, please let' me chop the firewood for you." Ernesto begged. "No, my boy, you are too small. Run along and play." "But, Mother, I am five years old. And I am strong. The other mothers let their boys go to the sea. They catch fish and crabs. They pick up clams and shells." "Later when you are bigger, my little ·man will work for me. Just now you can only play with your sister." Ernesto's sister was only three years okL He followed her around. · He would hold her arms and say, , "Don't go there, Baby. You will fall." When Baby put her finger in her mouth, he would say, "Don't do that. You will get sick. You must listen to me. I am older." . Ernesto felt he was a man. He thought he must always watch Baby. He would often say to Father, "If I did not take care of Baby very well, she would fall down the stairs." One day Ernesto and Baby were playing oli,the sidewalk. A big boy came. At first he watched them. Then he picked up Baby's shells and threw them into the middle of the street. "You bad, bad boy!" Ernesto cried. The boy ran away, sticking out his tongue at Ernesto. Ernesto stamped his feet. "Come back here. I'll sock anybody who is mean to my sister." Ernesto was a brave boy. He would not cry even when he was. hurt. He was not afraid of bad men. He was not afraid of giants and witches. But he was afraid of the dark. ·He could not go into a dark room alone. He would rather go without drinking if he had to get up when the lights were out. One night after the children had been put to bed, Baby called her grandmother, "Lola, please give me a drink." The grandmother did not answer. She thought Baby just wanted to play. , "! want a drink. I want a drink." Baby repeated. The older people would not pay attention to Baby. She had II\any ways ·of playing tricks on them. Ernesto got up and felt his. way to Baby's bed. · "Come, Baby, I'll take you downstairs,"' he whispered. E:mesto took Baby by the hand. The~ walked slowly out of the· bedroom. They felt their way down the stairs. The dining room was dark. Ernesto took a glass from the cupboard. He walked carefully. He left Baby in a corner. "Stay here, Baby," he said gently. 'I'll get some water for you." In a minute, E~nesto was back. He held (Please turn to page 217) 198 THE YOUNG CITIZEN Septemlwr, t9.'J5 I-low A Child Can Grow Big And Tall By Dr. M. C. !CASIANO * My dear readers of the YOUNG CITIZEN: I have been asked to tell you something in this Child Health Day issue of your magazine. I was supposed to talk on skin diseases or on intestinal worms. But I am sure it is not diseases you care to read about. You like something more beautiful, so I will tell you of a pleasant and interesting account of some children in a certain school. I want you to know that I love school children, that I have visited many many schooli; in several countries of the world and made a great number of li.ttle friends in those schools. It is about one of these schools that I am going to tell you. I still remember the incident as if it we1·e only yesterday, although this happened several years ago. One beautiful afternoon in a town not many miles away from the city of Boston in America, I was watchin;~ an excited class of students. It was weighing day and they had just finished weighing. The teacher had read the records of every pupil and was trying to find out why some children gained markedly in weight, a few hardly gained at all and one or two actually lost weight. By the way, to these children the business of gaining in weight was a serious job and they were really trying to attain their . purpose. They slept very long hours; they ate plenty including milk, eggs and vegetables; some even drank several glasses of water just before going to class so they would weigh more. All these things they did because they wanted to be healthy and they knew that growth is a sign of health. And this is true. Everybody knows that one plant is healthier than another when it grows faster anl bigger. If you watch two fields of rice you know that the one with taller plant~, with wider and greener leaves is the "'Chief, Section of School Health Superv:ision, Bureau CJf Health. healthier. The rice plant that hardly · grows, that has narrow and yellowish leave8 is a poor plant and will not produce much grain. The same is true of the child. One who grows heavier and taller from month. to month is healthier, as a generai rule, than one who hardly grows or is not growing at all. What was most wonderful in· this class was the fact that with few exceptions, everyone seemed to be gaining steadily in weight. The secret of this, according to the teacher, was that the pupils knew what made a child grow and they all did their best to do the things whiGh make for growth. Now you will perhaps ask me, "What makes a child grow?" The answer to thi;; · you will learn from those children themselves. When they were asked by the teacher what made them gain in weight the following answers were given: One child believed that he gained in weight after his swollen tonsils were removed. Another child thought he increased in weight since he began taking daily baths. This made him sleep soundly every night as he was not bothered by any itching sensations. A third child explained that he played daily out of doors and consequently had more appetite. A fourth child told the class that she felt much better since she learned to eat plenty of vegetables every day. Now, can you answer the question yourself? In case you cannot, hear the advice of the teacher to her pupils: 1. Try to eat plenty every meal, and include milk or egg and vegetables and fruits in your diet. 2. Sleep long hours with windows open. Try to go to bed before eight every night. (Please turn to page 226) Sevtemher, 1995 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 199 W~AT ·PRICE IGNORANCE A STORY By An~onio Munoz IN the year 1920, an electric light plant was installed in a certain town. As it was the first time that the people in that town saw electric light, it was not strange to find a crowd of people around a lighted bulb gazing at the wonderful light and quarreling about how the light got there. Once a man named Andres who was considered wealthy in his barrio came to thi; town to shop. At about 5 :30 in the afternoon, he went to visit a friend who happened to be the municipal secretary of that town. The two were sitting at a table when all of a sudden a flood of light overspread the space about them. Andres w&s thunderstruck. He looked at the lighted bulb ih dumb astonishment. His face was the picture of fright. The superstitious belief common among barrio· folks seemed to be taking hold of him at that moment. He looked at his friend. The latter was smiiing. Surely he was amused. The expression on the secretary's face, however, relieved the frightened Andres. "What is that?" the latter asked. "How did the light get there? I saw no one approach that round thing. I'm afraid it's the spirit, and, believe me. something is going to happen. Yes, something is going to happen!" "Oh, that is our light here. We do not use the bulky lamp any more. At six o'clock every evening, it lights itself," explained the secretary. "Where do you put the petroleum?" asked the puzzled barrio ma.n. "I see no container there." "That kind of lamp does not need any oil," said the secretary. "Once it is hung, t:her2 is nothing else to do. The light comes out at six o'clock every evening." "Marvelous!" exclaimed Andres." Where did you buy it?" , "In that store," replied the secretary pointing to a Chinese store. "Friend, please let me have your lamp. I'll pay more than what it cost you," begged Andres. "I have another," said the secretary, "and you may have it." Then he got the bulb and the socket which he wanted to use in his room. There was already a long piece of silk cord attached to the socket. Andres did not ask any questions. As soon as he had the bulb and the socket, he went directly home. On the way he planned how he would surprise the barrio friends. Early the following morning, he hung the bulb in the sala of his house. Then he went out to invite his neighbors and friends to a supper that night. "I have a surprise for you all," he told them, "but you must be at my house just before sunset if you want to witness the most wonderful event." "Yes, we'll surely. be there," his friends assured him. After dinner that day,· Andres killed a pig and some chickens. He told his wife, Maria, to cook enough rice for the guests. He also ordered three jarfuls of tuba. At 5 :30, everybody was there. The chair; were so arranged that they formed a circle around the hanging bulb under which stood a table covered with steaming meat and rice. "Friends, look at that thing," said An· dres pointing to the bulb. "That is very. (Please turn to ]Jtlge 202) 200 THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 19$5 WHEN , THEY WERE YOUNG/ TEODORO R. YANGCO By Alvaro L. Mortinez DON TEODORO R. YANGCO, millionaire and philanthropist, sat reclining in his roomy armchair. His venerable aged head was comfortably resting against the back of the seat when he told me this little incident in his boyhood life. As I looked at him I could not but feel the greatness of his heart which has made him the greatest of philanthropists in the Philippines. His face showed a kind smile which made one feel at home with him. "I was a rich man's son," he began, "but I was brought up as a poor man's child." A look of pleasant recollection beamed in his eyes. "I was educated in Lundon," he went on. "When the time for my return to th.e Philippines came, the employees of my father ·hired an orchestra to meet me at the boat. They wanted to give me a royal welcome for I was a rich man's son. This was done without the knowledge of my father." Again there was the smile of recollection on his face: He seemed happy as he thought of his boyhood. I kept silent and allowed him to continue talking. "When my father found out about th~ orchestra, he became angry and drove the ·men away, saying, 'Do you want to spoil my son?'" "You see, he did not believe in noisy welcomes. He believed in simplicity. He tool{ me home and we had our meals together." "That night, being very tired from the voyage, I slept very soundly. The next morning I was awakened by my father. H~ shook me out of my be"d, saying, 'Teodoro, Teodoro, wake up-it's already six o'clock. Is this what you learned in London-to sleep until six o'clock in the morning? Dress up and sweep the floor and dust the fables in the office.' " "I said to myself-'is this what you sent me to London for, to become a janitor ir·. your office?' Of course I did not say this cut loud." "Do you mean to tell me, Mr. Yangco," I asked, "that you were the one who was made to clean the offices of your father?'' "Yes," he answered proudly. "This was · my work for sometime. My father believed that if we must order men to work and do things for us, we must be able to do them · ourselves.'' There was a brief pause during which I merely gazed at him, admiring the gent!~ personality that was expressed on his face. "I had very little time to study. I used to read my lessons on my way to school and at night before going to bed. My father, however, never allowed me to study late because he said it was bad for my eyes. I did not enjoy the games and the pleasures that you are enjoying now.'' "But I am not sorry "for that," he went on," because if my father had not trained me like that, perhaps I would not be what I am now. You see, now that I am old, I do not need to work if I do not want to. I only go to my office once in a while because I have my manager to take care of everything." (Pleci~e t.urn to pa,ge £15) September, 1935 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 201 DO YOU KNOW W~AT YOU f:AT? By EFIGENIA UICHANCO' HAVE you ever heard your mother make complaints? No, but . . . wait and listen to everything that.she says! She has only one common complaint. This is what she usually says to her child, "You have not eaten, as you should, at meal time. I think you'rl better take purgative." (Many times children make so much fuss at the tables that they hardly eat anything. They won't drink even milk, nor eat green leafy vegetables or beans that mothers offer them.) "Oh, no! Mother," a child would ordina· rily respond. "I have eaten plenty of biscuits (or sometimes candy, chocolate, cakes, flG. t fTui\; i.n clu':5~e.Y (:>: I) FIG. 2 A frui~ .;u~ lenq~hw~ (.-.: t) FIG. 2 Afruitc.utc.ro""'"''-(><1) etc.) on my way from school." This practice seems to be a general one among aU children. Watch yourself a~ou go out together from school, or as you go out of your houg.:~ in company with other children in your neighborhood. . Don't you eat, or want to eat, almost anything that comes along your way? Now let me tell you an incident that aetually happened in one of the districts in • Principal, Burgos Elementary School, Manila. Manila. Maximo. Boroiigan, Florencio Garena, and Rodrigo Buna are school children who live in the same neighborhood. Of course, there are other children who live around their vicinity. They usually play together. One afternoon while they were playing, Mrximo, an adventurous boy in the group, felt hungry. He looked for something to eat. He found the fruit growing in clusters. They resembled the young coconut fruit (only th~t they are very much smallEr). He l::oJ!rnd a cluster of fruit. He oprned one and discovered some seeds in it. He tasted a seed, and it tastgd like a peaflG. 4 A ma-ture Le.,f (;.:.!) nut. He was very much discovery. "Boys and girls, come. to eat! Come and have Maximo. flG. ~ A yQtm.i l£af (x 11 delighted at his Something nicfl some!" shouted The children gathered around Maximo. They were all anxious to find out what Maximo had discovered for them to eat. Upon seeing the fruit, Rodrigo, the eld· est in the company, exclaimed, "Stop! Don't eat the fruit! My mother told me iOi THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 19.'15 that that fruit is poisonous. She said that the leaves or the green barks are used for plasters. They can cure stomach-aches or sprains. No, don't eat the fruit." "But the seeds taste like peanuts, and peanuts are not poisonous," insisted Maximo. "And I can feel the oil on my fingers. See! (holding up her hand)," remarked L•ilita, the little girl in the group. "Leave Rodrigo alone! Let the rest of us feast on the fruit," threatened Florencio. All the children present, except Rodrigo, began to eat the t11,ba fruit. Rodrigo could no longer resist the temptation of the voracious spirit of his companions. Disregarding what his mother told him about the fruit, he joined the party and ate a few seeds. After a certain length of time when the children had resumed their game of kicking empty cans, some began to complain of head-aches and dizziness. They all went home. Not long afterwards, news in the neigh - borhood was passed from house to house. This was the news, "The children who were playing together a while ago are suffering from nausea (dizziness and vomiting)." Some of the children confessed to their mothers that they ate the fruit claimed by Rodrigo's mother to be poisonous. The parents knew that it must be the fruit of the tuba growing in their neighborhood. An ambulance was sent for, and the suffering children were taken to the hospital. Now, the children are well, are back in school, and are more careful than ever not to eat what they do not know without their elders' permission. Other children may profit from the experience of those children who ate the tuba fruit by examining the sketches on pai;e 201. Note: Tuba is sometimes called "talang-tangan" Ol' "tangan-tangan tuba." The tree grows from one and one half to about three meters high. WHAT PRICE IGNORANCE (Contilmed from vage 199) wonderful. Without any petroleum .or oil, without the aid of a match, without even touching it, light will appear inside that round thing immediately after the sun sets this evening." "Wonderful!" they all exclaimed. Soon the sun set. It was g~tting dark inside the house. All was still. With beating hearts, they waited for the wonderful event. Five minutes passed. No light. Ten minutes, twenty, half. an hour, one hour -still there was no light. It was dark, very dark for the lamps in the house were thrown away that morning. They would not be needed. Andres relied upon the wonderful light of the bulb. Then one by one the guests slipped out of the house each carrying ·a portion of the food on the table. At about. eight o'clock;•Andres noticed that his friends were all gone. Still he hoped to see the light coming forth. A man passed by carrying a torch of dry coconut leaves. Its light reflected on the E<ide of the bulb. As Andres's attention was wholly on the dim outline of the bulb, he di<i not notice the light from the torch outside. . Up he jumped when he saw the reflected light on the side of the bulb and exclaimed, "It's coming! It's coming! Call the neighbors, Maria. Call them all." But when the man with the torch disappeared, the reflected light on the bulb also vanished. He sat down again shaking hfa head. He was downhearted and went to bed that night without any supper. In the morning, he went to the town with the bulb. "This is not good and I'm through with it," he said to the s~cretary. "I had a big company at home last night and the stupid thing didn't give any light at all. Talie it back. I have no need for it. The worst part of the game is that I have thrown away all my lamps and now I have to buy new ones." The secretary laughed and told him why it did not give any light. Then he pointed to the wire which extended from (Please ,furn to page 205) September, 1935 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 203 The Story of Sesshiu and the Mouse (Concluded from Augu•I /\'umber) Retold by ~lisabeth Latsch THE temple had grown dark. Sesshiu had heard the priests leave in tlH cart. He had heard its rumbling over the cobblestones. He had longed to go along. But here he was, tied to a column in the great dark temple. It all came from being so very, very fond of painting. "I wish I were anywhere rather than here. wish I were Sogaro, the herd boy. He is always hungry and always in rags: but he is -out in the fields all day, and he has a little whistle. And the great white oxen eat-; from his hand, and no one ever ties him up. I wish I were the old blind beggar who stands by the temple gate. I wish I were anyone but me." How dark the temple had grown, as dark as the fluid in his inkpot. The temple seemed endlessly large and fearfully stili. His arms and shoulders began to ache whe1·e the ropes were fastened. He was quite fatigued. His legs grew weak .and his head grew dizzy. Why the moon must have come out! There was a beam of moonlight dancing on the floor and it came directly over the head of the Goddess of Mercy, Kwannon. It was beautiful. Sesshiu, the little artist seemed all alive again. And he whispered, so softly and pleadingly, "O thou Goddess Kwannon, help me." He grew very sad when he noticed that the goddes~ did not seem to hear him. He thought, perhaps, he was much too small to be listened to. The tears began to flow freely and fell upon the floor of the temple. When Sesshiu discovered the little pool oftears at his feet his bare toe began to move around in it. He began to draw. There, it was finished. Something with pointed ears and a very, very long tail. Why, he had drawn his little midnight visitor, the little grey mouse, Nezumi! But what was th~t? The tail was mov_ing l\bout. The little swift feet were carrying the long little grey body over the floor. There was a knawing noise, something was ripping. The rope seemed to be loosening, there w2.s no longer that pain. And the1~ a sudden jerk and the rope fell to the floor. He called to his friend but Nezumi had disa.ppeared. It was so like a dream. Sesshiu was much too overcome to walk away. He fell to the floor in a little heap. When the priests returned to the temple the next morning Sesshiu was still sound asleep. A peaceful little smile hovered around his lips. "Look, Brothers of·mine, a miracle has happened. The boy coµlci have never unfastened this rope. I had tied his hands securely behind his back He is indeed a being under the protection of the Goddess of Mercy, Kwannon. Since such is the case, that the Goddess lends a helping hand, then, be it so that Sesshiu become an artist." Thus it is written in the old, old legend that Sesshiu became a wonderful artist. He understood the plants, the insects, the birds, the animals, the mountains and valleys, the brooks and the rivers and into hi~ pictures he put them as true and as real as they were in his out-of-door wonderland. 201 THE YOUNG CITIZEN SeptembeJ., J .9J5 Chapter six AMONG STREn BOYS AS the street car stopped at the foot of Pritil bridge, a group of boys rushPd toward it and thrushed their newspapers into the windows. All of them, except one who looked very timid, catered to the first-class passengers. The timid one avoided the crowd and approached the men at the rear. A man with a dime on his extended hand was beckoning to him. He was running toward the man when another boy elbowed him aside. The timid boy retreated murmuring, "I must not be discouraged. I'll do better after a few days. Then we shall not have to beg and Lolo can stay at home." . It was Tonio who had turned newsboy. He stood by himseif and watched the other newsboys at a distance, for he had learned to distrust strangers. The other newsboys amused themselve~ by annoying the passing girls with impertinent remarks or by telling stories of how they had played dirty tricks on Chines<; peddlers. "Yesterday with my sling shot I hit and broke a bottle in a Chinese peddler's basket. And that was at a distance of about fifty meters." One of the boys boasted. · "Is that all? The three of us swooped THE ADVENTURES OF A BEGGAR BOY by Julio Cesar Pena upon a junk peddler. I got his hat anci threw it into the 'gutter." "I swiped some old sacks," put in anothfl'. "You should have heard the toothless old pig scream." Tonio overheard the conversation butkept his head turned away. He determined to keep atoof froin the other boys. He was busy planning means by which he could invest his expected profits when he was startled by the unintelligible jabbering of an old Chinese bottle peddler. The Chinaman, accompanied by a policeman, was pointing to Tonio. He was trying to per. ~uade the policeman to. arrest Tonio, allegmg that he was one of the three boys who attacked him the previous day. Tearful and quivering, Tonio protested his innocence. When he looked around, he saw that the group of boys had disappeared. Luckily for him a salesman in a nearbv store testified in his favor, saying, · "This boy could not have been among those rowdies. He stays in this cornet· every day all by himself." Tonio then and there decided to hawk his newspapers in the alleys rather than stay in a place with the other newsboys. Although he did not want to give his Lolo any cause for worry, Tonio felt it his duty to relate to him the happenings of the day. He was frightened in spite of his determinHtion to be brave. As Tonio ended his narration, the old man calmly said, "I knew no harm would befall you, my boy. I have been praying for you the whole September, 1935 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 205 day. You yourself must not forget to make the sign of the cross and say the names "Jesus, Maria y Jose" before you leave the house." "I do, Lolo. And I repeat my prayer even in the street." "That is right, my boy." After a pause, he continued, "If you would only carry my cane with you! I believe it is possessed of luck-bringing powers." "Perhaps I do not have to carry it around, Lolo. An'Jl.>ay we have it in the house." During his first week, Tonio made three pesos. He was not satisfied, for he thought Will Rogers and Wiley Post Killed The world famed American humorist, Will Rogers, and the round-the-world flier, Wiley Post, were killed instantly when the airplane in which they were flying crashe<l to earth in Alaska. It is said that the boys and girls in the United States and in other countries were deeply grieved to read of, the tragedy that befell their screen friend and the greatlr admired flier. It was, indeed, a shock to people throughout the world. The bodies of both men were brought by airplane from Alaska. Will Rogers was he could have done better. But his Lolo was glad. He saw that he had not been mistaken in the boy. The following week, Tonio did much better. He started his rounds very early. A number of early office goers had learned to depend upon him for their morning news. Tonio .always finished his stock of news pa. pers. There was something in his voice and his manners which made it hard for people to turn down his offer. At noon when there were no papers to sell, he carried his shineshoe box and offered to shine peopk's shoes while they smoked and dozed. For five centavos, he rendered a piece of excellent ~rvice. In less than a month, his Lolo was con¥inced that Tonio could earn enough foi· both. They did not have to draw upon their savings. On the contrary they could lay by a little sum every day for the opening of the school, which was only a month off. WHAT PRICE IGNORANCE (Continued from pctge J.<J9) his house to the electric plant which was close by. He took Andres to the plant and showed him the machine. He explained how the light would go to the bulb. "Oh, I see!" he murmured. "I should have questioned a little more yesterday. I was really very hasty. I ·have learned a good lesson. Yes, I should think well before I do a thing. Haste really makes waste. Good-bye," he said to the secreta1·y and went away. buried in California and Wiley Post ii, Oklahoma. 206 THE YOUNG CITIZEN Sq)fember, 1935 T~E DISCONTENTED GUMAMELA FAIRY By Ligaya Victorio Reyes A TINY Gumamcla fairy sat upon her green scalk and surveyed the world around her. She was a very young fairy. and th:! world of the garden looked n.:w and grand and enchanting to her wondering eyes. She saw the haves oi the Ylang-ylang tree stretch far out into the blu~. merging into the outlines of the sky with a faintl·1 blurred harmony. She watched th€' green and yellow blossoms swaying gracefully in the breez·~. breathing forth a fragran<c that was de~p and strange, with every motion of the wind. Sh.: wished, with a great, great wish. that she were way up among those blossoms. She wanted to be gone from thi~ lowly ftowc1 of the Gumameb upon which she· reclined and be cradled· among the thick foliag<! of the Ylang-ylang. There perhaps she could look around. and see tht: tops of the tJll buildings which w~re outlined in the distance. She would then put out her hand and reach for a star, for th~rc the sky. would be very close indeed. The tiny Gumamela fairy heaved a small ~igh. With reluctance, she removed her gaze from the Ylang-ylang boughs and let it wander around. Jt rested for a brief moment upon the little cucharitas that bordered the garden path. She had refused their invitatiori to come down and play. Thm she looked at the Rosal tree, a beautiful combiriation 0f dark green and white-the white of scar-like blossoms that opened so trustingly to the light. "If I were within one of those flowers." the little Gumamela fairy thought. "how well the red of my dress would blend with the background of white. And I will he so sweet and so lovely that people will adore me." And the little fairy (vain little crzature!) stretched her neck haughtily and waved ::. tiny wand with condescension. That done, she deserted the Rosa! and let her gaze travel through the length and breadth of the garden, drinking in each lovely scene that the place revealed. She wove discoritent after discontent-wishing· now that she were a sampaguita, then wishing again that she were a rose. then forgetting all these wishes to wish again that she were a tall. regat scintillating, dahlia. Afler some moments; the little Gumameb. fairy succeeded in making herself completely miserable, so she sank into the red depths of the GumameL:i for a long cry. Little sobs rose and fell in her tiny bosom. and her tears fell like dew upon the thirsty heart of the flower. She was so engrossed in her sorrow that she was startled by a group of children who had entered th~ garden. When she. looked up. they. were running around in glee, watched indulgently by a pretty girl of twelve, the oldest of them all. One little ·boy ran to the rose, and tried to pluck it. But the rose, as every one should know, is a very haughty and quarrelsome beauty, and she replied with a stir.g ~o anyone who would break her off the stalk. So the little boy removed a bleeding finger and put ic tearfully into his mouth. The Gumamela fairy shook her head in condolence. She saw ·a little girl reaching up to get a Rosal. but the v·oice of the oldest girl rang out sharply in warning. "No, Nenita, that is for sister's corsage when she goes to the ball tonight." "Not even one little flower?" Nenita pleaded. "Not even one," the oldest girl said with importance. "Sister is going to a White Dance and she will need all those blossoms." Nenita r;:;n away disappointed and stood with another little girl who looked wistfully at the Ylangylang tree. "I want ~ome Ylang-ylang for my sampaguita string," she said hopelessly. "But they are so high above." With her arm around Nenita, she-went about the garden in a forlorn way. The Gumamela fairy followed them with sympathetic eyes. She heard them warned off the Sampagu.itas, "which were for the altar." ~hey dared not go near the lilies nor th~ dahlias, because they knew that those were "Sister·~ favorites, and she would spank them if they evt>r tampered with the regal flowers. Besides, "lilies and dahlias are not good to play with, anyway," as th~ boy expr~ssed it, and they certainly could not play with the roses and the orchids. September, 1935 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 207 A C~ I LD'S PROBLEM By LINA M. SANTIAGO • I love my mother because she is very dear tO mC'. The only thing I do not like in her is that shz talks a lot. She calls me names if I do not listen to her at once. She scolds me if I do not go [.) school. She hates me if I do not come home early. When I play, she tells me to stop. When I run away from home. she whips me. But after all, sh~ is my mother. Father likes his work in the factory, but be doe5 not care to know about my needs in school. He tells me chat Mother has to take care of them. But Mother fails to do so because she is very busy. My teacher is very good to me. She is very kind. She says that I have to buy pad paper, peii. and ink, book covers, and give thirty centavos to the Red Cross. When Mother knows those things, she says she has no money yet. Irr school. I play alone because my classmates do not like me. They move away from me because they say that I smell fishy. My teacher says th.:t I have to take a bath every day but Mother says that I have to put on new cloches every time I take a bath which means more work for her. My teacher tells me to have a toothbrush, a face towel. and a clean handkerchief. I told Mother about my teacher's requirements and she says that she does not know what to do with it. She says also that I can use Father's toothbrush and handkerchief. I learn some rhymes in school which say" No more coffee, no more tea Drink milk, and only milk for me." "Away with tea, away with coffee, Milk and eggs are good for me." * Zamora Elementary School. The four children looked around helplessly, thdr enthusiasm of a moment ago dampened considerably. Then the oldest girl had an idea. She ran to th~ Gumamela plant, and pulled off a gorgeous red flo\v"Look!" she said, "the Gumamela is just ide<!I for our games. It is so red and so bright, and no on~ will be angry if we te·ar them to. pieces. They are here for us t'o play with. Come on, pull some. We can still play our game." The children shouted with glee. They ran to where the oldest girl sl!'ood and started to pull off some of the 1 big flowers. The tiny fairy scrambled up to the tallest blossom, thrilled by the turn of But I cannot put them into practice because Mother gives me coffee and at times tea. Another rhyme says.' An apple a day Keeps the doctor away" But apples are dear. My tea.::her says that children must eat fruits and vegetables, and· eggs, toO. But I do not always find them at home. Mother says she cannot •buy them every day but only on Christmas, New Year. and Patron Saint Day. She says that Father's earning is not enough for the family. I am growing taller and thinner. My teacher tells me-"Do not move," "Sit still," "Keep ·very quiet," "Stop plafing," "Look at me," and many others. I" simply cannot do those things. I do not know why I like to move her:e and there every minute of the day. To me. the domestic pets a_t home and _the insects in ou'r garden are better Off because · they ·are actively free. The kittens and the puppies run and jump under the _watchful eyes of their mothers. The young of the mosquitoes wriggle in the water every time I peep into our big water jar. I see the butterflies fly from flower to flower,. and the dragon-flies playing overhead. Why can I not be active like them? . My· teacher says, "Study these ," "Do that , " but I cannot see how useful those things ar? to me. She tells me to work on the projects hue they are not interesting. If I tell her that I do not like the· projects, she says that I am lazy and dull. She hates me when I tell her to give me useful projects because she says chat I know more than she does. If I do not obey her, she lowers my grade. I am facing a difficult problem, what sha11 I, do? events, They were getting her flowers. preferring them above the more beautiful others. They were going co play with her flowers. because they "were just right.'' She saw the chi!dren run out of the garden, their dresses fiery with the radiant rJ?d of the blossoms. The Gumaqiela fairy heaved a sigh of relief. Shi:! looked up at the Ylang-ylang tree, with its fragrant blooms swaying securely in the breeze. She looked at the haughty rose, at the regal lily, and at the radiant dahlia. Then she drew her robes about her and smiled. Still smiling, she went to sleep. The wind caressed her little face, serene and lovely in its contentment. 208 THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, J"!JJ5 Tl-IE SKY AND Tl-IE STARS DRACO, nu: DRAGON DI.A.CO 0 U have often read or heard about a Y frightful monster whose breath was poisonous and who fed upon men and animals. People of olden times believeci there was such monster and called it dragon. People of today believe that the dragon existed only in men's imagination. One of the constellations near the north pole is called Draco Or the Dragon. At ~ P. M. in August, it can \le seen just over the North Star, which you should be able to locate by thi.s time. Although the stars in Draco are not very bright, it can be recognized without difficulty because of its form. Look at the picture carefully. There a1·e five stars in its head and thirteen fairly bright stars in its body, while three dim Jit. tie stars are in the end of its tail. Its body makes a great curve down and around the Little Dipper. The lower part of the body lies between the Big Dipper and the Little Dipper. The ancient people, who were highly imaginative, saw this constellation as a terrible Breakfast for School Children By LUCINIA CHAVES-PERAL TA ' Thinking that breakfast is not important, many children go to school without it, or hurry through their first meal. Such children show lack of interest in their studies. They feel and look dull. They don't feel like playing because they lack the, necessary energy. A school child should eat a good breakfast, especially because the interval between the evening and morning meals is very long. Breakfast should be eaten slowly and with enjoyment. Give at least half an hour to it. While breakfast is a simple meal, it must be carefully planned so that each member of the family will ha'Je the food he needs. Fruit is a good appetizer with which to start breakfast. Every child of s'hool age should drink at least one glass of milk everyday. Coffee and tea contain no nourishing materials and should be taken only when mixed with plenty of milk. Some breakfast menus for school children Papaya I poached egg I sq. inch butter 2 pieces of bread (pan de sal, small size_, l glass of milk (medium size) Small atis I saucer oatmeal with milk 2 slices American bread 1 sq. inch butter native cheese-~~ /1 thick, 4" long, f1 311 wide I cup chocolate Bartana 1 plate rice I fried fish (slice dalag or milk fish) I fresh tomato with little salt cup coffee with plenty of milk * Supervisor of Home Economics, Division of Clty Schools. dragon. This is the story they told about it. Draco, while on earth, sought to make war against Minerva, daughter of Jupiter. She was the goddess of wisdom and inwntion. In anger she seized the dragon with its twisted body and hurled it into the heavens. It stuck in the sky before it had time to uncoil itself. There you will find it twisted between the two bears. THE YOUNG CITIZEN 209 HOBBY PAGE Conduded by gilmo baldovino BAMBOO STAND FOR PHOTOGRAPHS BOYS and girls, here is an easy and in expensive way to make a photograph stand out of bamboo. You can make it as a birthday gift for your parents, your brothers, your sisters, and your friencls. The illustrations above show how the bamboo-stand will actually look when finished. Wouldn't this be attractive for your personal little desk or on top of your own bookshelf? I have omitted the measurements of each part because photographs are of so ma11y different sizes. So in case you have a bigger one, you may, therefore, make the barnboo-sta11d bigger. This stand although named "bamb00 stand" is not made of bamboo alone. ·rt has four pieces of bamboo. The support for the glass is of metal sheet (tin or brass sheet), and the base is of wood. It is very necessary to do straight ann clean cutting to square the edges perfectly by polishing all surfaces to a sheer and unmarked finish. This will make yam work much neater and more attractive. The photograph is held between two diagonally topped glass sheets which, in turn, are held in a groove of the bamboo on the sides: These glass sheets are supported below by a metal sheet. The two pieces of bamboo which hold the two vertical bamboo pieces are fastened on tli.e wood base by screws. To assemble the pieces, the first thing to do is to apply a little paper paste on the back of each corner of the photograph. Then place this on one of the glass sheets and place the other glass over it. To assembl~ the other pieces, first, fasten one of the hori. zont;al bamboo parts on the base. Then insert the vertical bamboo piece throtJgh the slot. After this, you must attach the metal support. The other bamboo parts are the1i attached on the other end of the metal support. When every part or piece is placed right and tight on its place, screw the secimd horizontal bamboo part. Then insert the glass sheets into the grooves. The best finish which I can suggest fm· this is to use transparent varnish for th.: bamboo and color wood-paint on the wood. 210 .VIOLE.TA MILLAN 1-B, Emilio Jncinto Elemcutary School, Manila THE YOUNG CITIZEN A- I CHILDREN CARMENCITA S~NTAMARIA 2 ycar!j old · · LITTLE CARPENTERS a.t work in the can1cntr11 slto1' of the Elite Kinderga1·ten, They are: Francisco· Gonzalez, Manuel Gancayco, Lionel Gamboa, Rafael Tdas, Jr., -Arcadio Zavalla, Clemenle Uson, Jr., Generoso V.illanueva, Jr.; Carlos Alvear, Jr., Romulo Lai·a, Robert Hahn. P CT 0 R AIDA GENER Hcallhiesf P11JJil in 'h"· Ri .. .,,l Ele'?tcntary School, Manila · JOSE NEPOMUCENO l'/1-A,' Sta. Ana Elcmcnta1'y School, Manila 13 years old SPptemllfH', J .9J5 THE YOUNG CITIZEN PAGE The World's Favorite Child Actress Wearing Some of l-4er Attractive Frocks The· top-cqat ·and poke bon · net are pink flannel with redchecked ribbons. ·The coat coJ .. lar and cuffs are red-checked gingham. The gloves are whit!.! to maich the shoes· and socks. Blue .ind white linen cut in bolero effect with back and front pan"l. a neck drawstring of braided wool with cuddly balls. 211 White broadcloth dress with colored letters of the alphabet scattered any~here . Horizontal pleating forms the yoke and extends beyond to make the perky sleeves. Inverted ·pleats at 'either side giv·e plenty Of .room fN ' romping. · Shirley hopes that other little girls will like these dresses, too. 212 THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 19!15 THE NATIONAL SCOUT JAMBOREE that was to be held in Washington the last ten days of August was unfortunately cancelled. This was to be the greatest boy get-logether in American history. The reason for the cancellation of the jamboree was the infantile paralysis epidemic occurring at Washington. D. C. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, America's number one Scout, on the advice of the health authorities had to call the Jamboree off. It was feared that with the thirty-thousand boys concentrated in a limited space, the danger of contamination was too great to be risked. However, we wer·.: assured that it was with the greatest reluctance and after all possible measures had been carefolly studied and considered, that this was.decided upon. It was a pretty hard job to disappoint, not only the actual thousands of Scouts participating, but also their brother Scouts. parents. relatives, friends and sympathizers of the great Scout MoVement. So when we come to think of it!, we realize that this gathering includes an enormous number of persons. Multiplying the number of parents, relatives and friends that every Scout participant has, by thirtythousand, we will get a fairly big sum total. That the Jamboree was to be the greatest and bes[ yet staged in Scouting history in America. can be seen from the program planned. There were to be dozens of demonstrations and exhibits everyday. The demonstrations included: every kind of outdoor fire that man from the Stone Age to the present has ever built: how to save drowning persons in every conceivabl<! situation; and a great variety of stunts. drills, exhibiBeggars in Austria Linz, Austria. Because the number of beggars on the streets of Austria are growing they are all going to be sent to a camp. The busy citizens of th:! country claim that the beggars are a great nuisance if left to run around on the street dirty and ragged. They claim, too, that they are ashame to have visitors from foreign countries think that Austria cannot make better provision for her beggars. So instead of subjecting the beggars to a street life they will be given a chance t.o work for their food ·and clothing. Whenever a policeman discoven a beggar on -the streets of Austria, he is obliged to take him to the station. From there the beggar is sent to a camp. It is in the camp where he is given work to do. And in return for this work each beggar will receive clothing and food and in most cases also sleeping quarters. tions, games, hikes. visits to all places of notable and historic interest in and around Washington, D. C In fact, it was to be the whole S~out World in minia-: cure, represented by every scout region in America and scouts from sixty other nations. They had all been invited to pitch their tents with the Boy Scours of America in this glorious ·celebration. And not only this, but fam'aus leaders and guests were to have visited the encampment. Besides Pre.>ident Roosevelt and manY other famous Scourers, this list also included hundreds of men unusually prominent in many fields and professions: great avi3tors: great baseball players; great boxers: great mo. tion pictures and great radio actors, etc. All this, was what thz Jaffiboree was to have bee1! Nevertheless, our. efforts in trying to send a delegation to this Jamboree have not been wasted. Our boYs were granted a spzcial privilege. They are to continue their journey as previously planned. They are to visit ~resident Roosevelt and other notable.,i and present them with typical Filipino gifts. As <i matter of fact, by the time this message is published· these events will have occurred. The boys have already visited New York. They were given rousing welcomes by Scouts and Scouter:; . wherever they went. They were shown every courtesy and consideration throughout their 'half-way round the world journey.·' Expzriences like these should serve as an incentive to every Boy Scout to make good in Scouting and .10' realize how fortunate he is to be a member of such a great and world-wide organization ( Smallest Motor in the .World Kiev., Ukraine. The smallest motor in the world has just been made by a sixteen year old boy in Ukraine. Victor Nikitashenko has made it. It weighs only 1.6 grammes which represents not quite one-sixteenth of an inch. Some parts can be seen only through a magnify. ing glass. A two-volt battery runs the miniature motor. The size of the armature is five millimeters in diameter. There arc 405 twists of thin wire on it. The model has been clo.sely examined by the Institute of Physics of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences. The Academy has found it to be genuir.r working model. This .;;rrangement gives the beggar a cleaner and healthier life. It gives him a chance to become a useful citizen. Septembc1·, 19.15 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 213 LEARNING THE USE OF NEW WORDS Read the following story to find out if you remember the words you learned two months ago. For breakfast, Pacita had -1 8J of oatmeal gruel. She used a / in eating the oatmeal gruel. She had a fried egg on a ~ , two rolls of bread on a (_.:~ , chocolate in .:i ~ and milk in a 8 She stirred the chocolate with a / and sipped it from the ry . A 1-lEAL TH 6AME Check the good health habits in this list. Copy the numbers of those you have checked and compare with the list on page 224. 1. Eating much candy between meals. 2. Sleeping ten hours. 3. Sleeping under a mosquito net. 4. Sleeping with windows open. 5. Reading facing the light. 6. Eating green mango-. 7. Eating bananas in the morning. 8. Drinking water between meals. 9. Eating breakfast at recess. 10. Taking a bath immediately after breakfast. 11. Sewing at twilight. 12. Eating hot porridge for breakfast. 13. Drinking cocoa. · 14. Playing out of doors. 15. Deep breathing 16. Eating lunch hurriedly. Pacita sat on <: ~· • She wanted to sit on J ' but her mother would not let her becau~e she was forming the habit of leaning. back. You should be able to fill the blanks with th~ correct words: a - - - of chocolate Stir the coffee with a -a - - - of milk a - - - of gruel eggs on a--bread on a - - - Sip your , / "soup from a - d When Shopping for WEDDING and BIRTHDAY You cannot lean ba~k when y~u sit on a -an--a - ./iL Gifts Don't overlook our store. We offer a·finc variety of gl~ssware, silverware an~ noveltirs -"Escolta goods at New York . factorV' prices"-We specialize in wedding and birthday gifts and you are bound to find something suitable for your purpose-we deliver your purchase safely packed in beautiful boxes. WEINSTEIN BROTHERS t:JEW YORK-MANILA 619 - Rizal Avenue - 623 next to Fox Theatre 214 THE YOUNG CITIZEN Septembel', 19.15 The Care of the Teeth By Dr. G. ERAJ'iA THE mouth is the gateway to the rest of the body. The food and drink that we take pass through the mouth, that is why W'! must be sure that the mouth and teeth are kept de.m and in heal thy condition. Most people look clo~e ly a·t the food before taking it to be sure it is clean, but many forget that their mouth and teeth are n0t as clean. A. mass of "matter" or pus arounr;I th? tooth or at the tip ·of the root may exist through neglect for months or years without the knowledge of the individual. This pus is poison which m.w be the cause of many bodily diseases. A pare of the pus is mixed with the food and swallowed which may cause stomach. kidney. liver or intestinal tro'..1ble: another portion goes with the blood stream which is deposited in other parts of the body causi~g he.art dis~ases. rheumatism, blood poisoning, etc. To aVoid this bad result we must take good care of our teeth. The children must be taught to cleJn the'ir teeth as soon as they are able to use tooth brush even in tender age. They must learn to care for their milk or temporary teeth as well as the perm:\· nent ones. Special attention must be given in such a way that no candy or food particles are left in the pits, along the grooves or between the teeth. If they are left to remain there. they ferment and become an ideal place for microorganisms (germs) to grow. The combined action of the fermentation and microorganisms is the cause of decay especially in the case of new young teeth for they are tender and easily decay. A- close watch must be made on the little holes. Waiting until the tooth with hole aches is a big mistake. If a tooth with hole begins to ache it is a sign.that the pulp (commonly called nerve) is in a diseased condition. The dentist, in treating it, devitalizes the pulp (kills the nerve). The tooth thm becomes dead which is no IOii.ger a part of the.living body. It is only a foreign body in the mouth which sooner or later gives trouble. It is, therefore, advis· able to have the small hole filled in before it starts to ache to keep it alive and to avoid more expense and trouble. The teeth do not grow to fit the face but the fac..! grows to fit_ the teeth. If the teeth can be made to assume their true, normal dental arch, which is the keystone of the developments of the bones of th.! face, the rest ~f the face develops in corresponding symmetry· and beauty. To avoid the malposition of teeth it is especially important to watch the growth of the second (permanent) set between the ages of six and twelve years. The first ones to ap(Please t'lrn to page 215) Cl-IARACTER EDUCATION SECTION An Old Library Book Speaks By JOSE FELICIANO * I AM an old library book, worn-out and shabbv. I have just been inspected, and.the verdict of "no longer serviceable" has been passed upon me by the chief librarian with much regret. ~his is a consolation to me, for he knows how to appreciate my worth. Consequently, I have been withdrawn from circulation. after having rendered years and years of faithful service. P9or me to rest at last-perhaps not to rest but to perish. I have hea~d that others like me have been mercilessly thrown into the flames to be reduced into nothingness-ah, what a sad fate! But after all. maybe this is best, since one can be of no more use. I am. therefore. reconciled to my fate, whatever it may be. I know that now I am not·fit to be seen by hum;i._1 eyes. I am badly mutilated·and perfectly misshapen. My cover is all broken and frightfully dirty. What leaves remain of me are loose, torn, and soiled, and on them you can find all kinds of marks and stains. I shoUid probably not be handled without gloves. But I saw better days once-th3t was in the beginning of my existence. As you could well imagine. I was then spotlessly dean. I was quite proud of. my looks. being made of paper of high quality and bound beautifully in cloth. A more attractive ·book than I was, you could hardly find. Then began my life of ceaseless activity. From the day I was put on the shelf. I havC been very much in demand. I have been in the hands of :di sorts of borrowers, including the most careful as well as the most careless; but it is the· careless on~·s that I remember better because they have caused me so much pain. Now I shall tell you about the most careless borrower that has ever handled me. The moment I saw him I could tell what an unpleasant time any book would have in his company. He was.exceedingly untidy about his person. His hair was unkempt. His camisa Was very much soiled around the neck, and he kept it unbuttoned. His shoes looked as if they had not been polished for weeks. When I heard him tell the librarian that he wanted to borrow me, I felt as though I were being. pricked by pins a11d needles. But what could I do? I was at the mercy of every borrower. Passing into his hands. I led an utterly miserable existence. He did not care what he did with me: he would drop me on the floor ·or on the ground and think nothing of it. After reading me, he would mark * Academic Division, Bureau of Education. SPptember, 19.15 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 21 lj l:Tl-llOPIA A COUNTRY Tl-IAT MAY LOSE l-IER INDEPENDENCE IN the. ea~tern part of Africa lies Eth1op1a. ·it used to be known to most people by the name ot Abyssinia. Ethiopia is the onlv independent state in Africa. It is lo:.ated · almost entirely on a high plateau. The countries around Ethiopia are all colonial possessions of Eilropean states. There is AngloEpyptian Sudan on the west; Italian Somaliland on the south-east: promised that France would always have the right to run trains into Ethiopia. Now Italy wants to build a railroad through Ethiopia in order to connect her two colonies. Eritrea on the north and Italian Somaliland on the south. But the present Er_npe•·or of Ethiopia, Haile Selassie, does not want. Italy to build a railroad in his country. In spite of this, !vlussolini, the Italian Dictator, is British and French Somaliland on determined to get into Ethiopia. Ip the east: and Eritrea, also Italian, fact, during the last five years a part on the north. of Ethiopia, about 6 miles long, has Unfortunately, Ethiopia has no b·~m occupied by Italians. Mussosea-coast a~d. therefore. no ·sea-port. lini is sending thousands of Italian '1 he things she buys from other soldiers to fight their way into that countries arc first shipped to Djibuti. country. Many of them have alDjibuti is a French port in French re,1dy landed in Africa. But th1?y S_omaliland pn the Red" Sea. From have been unable to start fighting. this port all cargo for Ethiopia i~ The heavy African ~ains (ailing day st:rl.t by the only train that runs to ar~d night are very harmful to the Addi~ Adaba, the capital city. This h~alth of the Italians. This month ratlroad is run by the French. of September, when the rainy seaso•1 Ethiopia's former Emperor, will be o.ver, the war might start. whose name was Mcnelik, allowed Emperor Haile Selassie is a very France to build this railroad. To educated man. He always keeps h~!p France in building it, Ethiopil himself well informed about the contributed some money and fur- m.:any important thin°gs that happm nished workmen. Menelik also throughout the world. He does not want his country to lose her independence. If Italy does manage to get her soldiers ·into Ethiopia, she might make the Ethiopian people her subjects. The emperor is very fond of his people. He ha~ allowed them to keep their old customs and traditicns. He did not want to force them into the many modern ways of living. "Not so quickly," he said, "my people wili understand the n':'w wz.ys better if they get used to them slowly." Ethiopia was one of the first of Christian countries. When St. Mark fh:d from Egypt, he went to Ethiopia. That happened thirty y·ears after the deatli of Jesus Christ. f\t that. time the Ethiopians accepted Christianity. The Emperor of the Ethiopians claims to be a direct descendant of the great wise King Solomon aad thC' beautiful Queen Sheba of whom stc)ries are told in the Bible. This ml'ans that the people belo"ng to a vny old race. The Ethiopian emperor is also known among his people as the King of Kings and the Conquering Lion of Juda. .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ (he place by inserting a pencil or 3 ru:er, or by turning down a cornu ::>f the leaf. No matter how wet 01 dirty his hands were, he would not wipe or clean them before handling nie. He drew figures on some of my pages and sPilled ink on two o:· three other pages. What a relief it was, when he handed me back to the librarian. Dear Children: I understand that soon I shall be turned to ashes. I have no regret~. knowing I have served you well. I have only one request to make of y(,U before I take my final leave. I wish you would treat the coming generations ·of books more considerately than you have ever treat!!d us before. I need not tell you how t:::> handle us, because your teachers have repeatedly told you how to DON TEODORO R. Y ANGCO (Continued f1·om vage 200) Before I went to see Don Teodoro Yangco to talk about his boyhood days, I was wishing I had had a boyhood like his. I thought that he. being the son of Don Luis, th.! millionaire, had a wonderfully plecisanc life. a life without work, a boyhood with all the desires healing in a boy'.s heart, fulfilled. Ho\\'ever. I now realize that after all, the hcirdships during our boyhood arc what make us great men when as we grow older. Don Teodoro R. Yangco taught me a lesson. .:an. for books. But if I must say a parting word, I wish you would carry this with you: Treat books as you treat your best friends. THE CARE OF THE TEETH (Continiwd ,from page 214) pear among the permanent teeth are tht• first ( 6-year) molars. Their appearance takes place at the age of six years located just behind. the two te01porary molars on both Sides of the mouth. They are four-two upper and two lower. In most cases these teeth are neglected because thi!y a1c taken for temporary molars. They are extremely important in the. mouth as they are the mOst usefrJ ones in chewing and serve JS gl1 !de in che growth and position of the rest. Teeth need exercise as muscles do. Food which requires much chewing help make the teeth strong and healthy. People who fred exclusively on soft diet gener;.1ly have the poorest teeth. "A man is known· by the ter:th he keeps." 216 August 9. 1935 D-..!ar Aunt Alma, I am a new subscriber co the Young Citizen. My name is HJ.meda Din. I am in Grade V I-13 ~ My farhcr is from Delhi. lndi>. One rime my father told me that hz would take me to India. P eople S;:\}' that ·it is very hard ·to live 'n India. My mother. a Filipina. said that India is a far country. -vv·~ would take a long voyage. l am afraid of the big waves. I do not know my father's language. I think. 1 should not go to India. Mother likes to go. Do you think ·it i~ proper for me not to go With rher.1 to th is far away land? T his is my pmble~. Aunt Alma. Y ou will hdp me solve this as you have helped others. Thank you. Aunt A:ma. HAMEDA DIN Emilio Jacinto Elcmcntw·y School, Mattila D~·ar Hameda, You should be glad to go to ln - dic and see your father's home. I nm sure other children will em'l/ yo11 for this chance of seeing a very in:eresting country. Go by all mrans and write to me about your C.'t:: periences. A UNT Al,M,.\ Dear Aunt Alma, Do dre~ms come true ? I h ave had sweet as well as horrible dreams. One of the horrible dreams I had disturbs my mind whmev~r I recall it. This dream is abouc father being shot to death by a con· THE YOUNG CITIZEN vict. Father is a captain in the Poli<;l~ Department. ·He was shot while he was in his usual round. Oh, how l hated the unknown nian ! I had wished I had a gun to shoot the murderer. I woke µp with ~ea.r.s in my eyes. I did not tell this dream to my father because he docs not believe in dreams. But I am afrzid. I wish he . w ere a principal in a school like M rs. J uliana C. Pi· nrda. I will have no fear that the b;u.J men will take my father aw:iy from my mother's side. My fath~r gives us our daily. bread. We need him always. · Hamedtt Din; whose fathe1· i,s f rom. Drlhi, h1dia Some people say dreams come true, others say they don't. Aunt Alma, tell me something about th~se dreams. Your friend: POTENCIANA LUGTU Emilio Jc ccinlo Elementc,;•y School, Grade l'/-B ' D"ar Potenciana. Your dreadful dream must huve heen caused by your own constant frar . of your father's safet y. I don't September, 1"9-15 bdieve it could be a prediction of u.:hat might come true. Do not think of the dangers to which your hither is exposed. Think of the noble service he renders society as a police captain. Think how brave· ant.1 faithful to duty he is. Fill your mind u;ith beautiful thoughts and y6u will not have bad dreams. Of course, everybody will die sometime in sbme form. But dyin(1 in the performa~ce of duty is tht most glorious death. I hope your father, who is hriown as_ an excelle_nt shot, UJill live long. arid render many more y~·ars of service. Dear A unt Alma, Since it is raining and I can not play I shall write a description of my school. M y school is located on ·v eiasquez Street. le is made of concrece. It is cwo stories high. 1t is one of the most beautiful schoo!s in MaOila:. It is big and V:.ell venctl:il('d, h s shape is like capital let· tee U. There are 45 rooms. O n ch~ first floor are the rooms of th~ primary children, the principal's offic~. the library, the shop, the kitchen, and two toilets. On the se.:· ond floor are che rooms of the intermediate children, the rest rooms. th~ nurse's clinic, the porch and cwo toiiets. Our toilets are modern and are kept spotlessly clean. My school h:1s a big playground w ith fl.owcrir.~ pla_ ncs along the sides. I .hope you will come once and visit my school. Sincerely yours, LEONARDA FERRER E. Jacinto Elem. Sclwnl Tondo, Manila Di·ar Leonarda, ·Thank you for your description of the EmiliO Jacinto Elementary School. I believe children who haoe m ; yet ·seen the building will have some idea of it. I have heard that it fr a very imposing one. I shall a8h other school children to tell :i.i ahout their schools. 'AUNT ALMA Septcmbc1 ·, 1.9.j5 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 217 1 " e uoot1c vn.oto represents the young 1 >eople of a num1.1cn· of 0 10- prt>min.ent Manila fcm ilies. Tkese boys and girls a.re het·e shown in the costumes in which they pm·tici1,ated .in a prov)·am of the Cosmopolitan Bnltcr and Dancing Sch"ol of n.•hich Mme. L. Adameit is the Principal insfructrcss. Jn this grand opening scene of the Doll Shop Ballet 1z,ppcared the following bo'JIS and gfrls: DOLLSHOP: Shephcnl!-Pacita Ubaldo and Sally Hardem; M(ckeu Mouse-Mila Cach-o; Mini Mou.se-Mercedes Lasa; Rabbits-Ma1·11chi Cacho, Luisa Lichauco, Cecilia Elizalde, John Stewart, Chcuito Ba.utista; Polka Coquet-Mitos Sison; R11mba-Ma,.iles Cacho; Dutch Ensemble-Alice Morales, Teresila Fabella, Candida Roa, Com::on Tnlio, Annie Matias, Gilda Macara.ig; Toe Doll-Delie Cacho,· T1·01npe1·-Ccirmrm La&a. The ARMY~· The Commanding Gcneml-Ca.rlos Rom11{0, Jr. ; The P.rivates-Titi 1tnd Toti Sison, N eno and GoUo Abn rn, Han-y Mage and Gnigorio Ramu.lo; Marquiz and Mat·qulztt-Virginia Macondg mid A urnea. Tulio; Danciti.fJ Dolls-Valeria and Mimi Hvidt, Regina Ab1·eu and Elcnita Eliza{de, IA1cy Mro·phy and Amaya Jnchausti, Glorin Avecilla ond Hildeptu·d K,·ohn. 18t row-Gloria Alvear, Rafael TriaS, Jr., Arc:adio Zavalla, Francisco Trias, Ca1·los Alvear, Jr. (the hos f) , Tito Ca1·lola, Generoso V illmmeva, Jr., Raul Fores, Mitos Sison. 211d row-Buddy Gonzalez, Josy Gonzalez, Litri Ganzo11, Maria Lu.Ua Dnmian, Rene Celeste, Hilario Clemente, Jr., Jean and Jo Ann Alviado, Baby Li?njap, Glmia Castro, Elsa Santos, Zena1'da Gfl.rcia. St·d row-Donati L111u:m·, Man1tel Gnnca.yco, Pila.,·ing Carlota, DelJJ Zn:valla, A,·cadio Zavalla. Mancia Gnn::hitonm a, RosaU'rtda So1·ia.no. Rosm·io Castro, Pacitn: Abadilla, Luz Goitcayct>, Margarita Ga.rch1torena. 4th 1 ·011J- Pepe Carlota, Tito Clemente, Nen~ Ca.1·lota, Betty Alvear, Jennie Dn1ett. BRA VE BROT HER HELPFULNESS- THE stop in just planning and making (Continued frnm page 1.97} (Continued from page 1.95) the garden. Each group of children the glass to Baby's mouth. In that they can suggest this plan to their should take turn to take care of way Baby got a drink that night. pa-rents. th plants and gardens throughout At the breakfast table the next le would be a good idea if schovl the year. morning. Baby said. children can group together and Planting trees along the main "Papa, Brother is very brave. He r:)Jke it their own project to plant ro..:ds or- str<>Ns would add ·to the took me downstairs last night. h flowering plants. around a menu· beauty of the t6wn. was very, very dark." m~nt, make a garden in thr pla7.J, Surely the children and the grownln front of the church. the market, ups, the whole people of the commu"Were you 'noi: afraid?" Papa the presidencia, and their school. nity, wilt be happy and healthy if asked. "No. I was not afraid. Brother Of course the project should not their town is clean and beautiful. held me by the hand. We walked "Of course. Brother is brave." Let us help make our own town vrry, very slowly. We did not fall. Mother said. "Brother is brave like or barrio clean and beautiful. even though it was very. very d;irk." Papa ... · Dr. I. PANLASIGUI 218 TV In lhe- Four Seu All M,n are Brot!iers.--CONFUC/US In the Augusc number a list of J.1panese stories appeared. These n:prcscnccd some of the best stories tr?.nslated into English for the boy~ ar.d girls of other countries. This month we shall take a little reading trip to China. But be fore we begin let us plan to visit some of the many interesting Ch;ncse curio shops in Manila. The pretty and inexpensive fittle nick nacks in these shops and the beautiful Chinese porcelain, the Chines\! pottery, the Chinese embroideries and the carved pieces of Chinese furniture wil1 make us mu'h more familiar with things Chinese. Then w hm we read the Chinese legends .:.r Chinese history stories we caa picture much easier a~l the delicat.! colorings and carvings that are in so many of the Chinese homes and Chinese temples. Of course, there are mJny poor people in China who can not afford co have such love! y things in tJ-.eir homes. But very often tho! members of these poor families are the very ones who work in che sh~)PS and studios, where they make these beautiful things. Again and ai;:ain we see them described in che fairy tales and other stories of China. THE CHINESE FAIRY BOOK by Frederick Martens has quite a uice selection of different kinds o! fairy tales. There are seventy-three stories in this. book. The stories an· arranged into different groups, su'h as, Nursery Fairy Tales; Le gends of the Gods; Tales of Sainls and Magicians; Nature and Animal Tufes; Ghost Stories; Historic Fairy Tales; Literary Fairy Tales. WONDER TALES OF CHIN1\ SEAS by Frances Jenkins Olcott. This book which is illustrated by Dugald Stewart Walker, has two THE YOUNG CITIZEN particularly interesting chapter:>. One is called, A Tiny History c..:f China. and the other is A Tiny Dictionary of Strange Chinese 1 hings. The main pa1t of the book is filled with legends. short tale~ and folklores of China. SHEN OF THE SEA by Arthur Bowie Chrism.an was voted to be the best children's book of th~ year l 926. Mr. Chrisman was pr~ sented with a medal. called the Newbery Medal. (Every year the children's librarians of the United Sr ates vote for the best childrc.>n ·s book of the year.) THE WIND THAT \\'OULDN'T BLOW ·is another book by Chrisman. How lvlr. Chrisman came to write these d:a.rming Chinese stories is rather interesting. For many years he at~ i~ different Chinese restaurants i11 California. Eventually he becan~e very friendly with one of the restaurant owners. Tbc owner of the restaurant soon diScovered that Mr. Chrisman seemed to enjoy listeningto Chinese stories. Mr. Chrisman gn·w to like the stories so much that he decided co write them down evuy time he heard a new one That is how the two titles above c.i.me to be born. Both of these books are illustrated by Elsie Ha.1oselriis with silhouette pictures. THE CHINESE TWINS hv Lucy Fitch Perkins belong to thr favorite Ti.µin Stories of All Land:•. Boys and girls who have not read them can ask their playmates how good they are. MR. CHICK. also written by Lucy Fitch Perkins. is a title not so well known. See if your school or your public library hJs it. THE RABBIT LANTERN by Dorothy Rowe contains stories of Chinese boys and girls. Miss RowO!, who wrote these, stories, was born September, J9,'J5 in China. She grew up with many Chinese boys and girls. so she knows a lot of interesting things about lh·:m. TRA YEUNG SHOPS is .llrn written by her. PAGEANT OF CHINESE HISTORY by Elizabeth Seeger is so attractively written that any boy .•1;d girl of fourteen will find it immensely i.nteresting. The autho1 io; so very fond of China that th.! boys and girls will feel ic throughout the book. YUNG FU OF THE UPPER YANGTZE by E. F .. Lewis. is one of the bzst stOries written for boys .m.d girls. This book. too, was Jwarded the Newbery Medal Prize as the best book of the year 19"3 3. The story is about a boy who has spmt his childhood days way out in the country or province. One dar he and his mother move to a hr:. city. Yung Fu becomes an appr~ntice to a master coppersmith. The many adventures which Yung F\1 ·has make an unusually interesting story . SPENDING THE DAY IN CHINA, JAPAN, AND THE PHILIPPINES by S. L. Jean tells about the customs and activities and doings of the boys and gids ,in each of these countries. Those who arc in the fourth and fifth gr.Jde will enjoy this book. PICTURE T A L ES FROM 1 HE CHINESE by B. Metzger ccutains twenty-three Chinese nursery and folktales for boys and girls frnm six to ten years of age. The stories are mostly about animals aJ1<~ magic. THE CHINESE MOTHER GOOSE RHYMES compiled by i. T. Headland is a picture book for the little people. It has photographs of Chinese mothers arld ChinP.se chi!dren. The M o t h e r Goo:>e Rhymes are printed in two languages, Chinese and English:"This one's old. This one's young. This one has no meat. This one's gone To buy some hay, And this one's on the street." E.M.L. SPptember, 1.935 ANYWHERE and EVERYWHERE Speaks As Many Languages As He Counts In Years Michael Gibson is five years old H:? speaks five languages. Michael'-; father and mother are American. His father is an American Ambassador. Of course, Ambassador Gibson is sent to many countries by Uncle Sam. So far. wherever the Gibson family has lived, little Michael soo.i learned the language of the country in which he. was staying. Michael r.oW speaks English, French. Flemish. Portuguese, and Tyrolese. Mother Cat Takes Care ·Of Eleven Puppies In Mi:. and Mrs. Abella's home in Cebu, Cebu there lives a very friendly mother cat. Not long ago the mother cat gave birth to a lit· tie kitten which died a few days later. At the same time the good oid house d6g also gave birth to eleven puppies. When the mother cat disco·:ered the puppies she began fondling and licking them. Now she feeds them with her fresh milk every da} while the mother dog goes out walking. So we learn that cats an<l dogs can be quite good friends after the}' know each other long enough. V..' e usually, however, hear the dogs hark at the cats and the Cats spit at the dogs. And how thick the cat's tail can get when a dog comes along! But this mother cat in Cebu seems. to be quite diffe,rent and very kind and friendly toward the baby puppies. A Gigantic Globe Of This World Of Ours THE YOUNG CITIZEN This Month Years Ago 219 On September 15. 1898, the Filipino Revolutionary ·Congress met in the church of Barasoain near Malolos, Bulacan. Eighty-tin~ deputies, gathered there from all parts of the Philippines. The President of the Philippine Republic, General Emilio Aguinaldo, delivered his message to the Congress. Congress was then organized with Pedro A. Paterno as President, Benito Legarda as Vice-President. and Gregorio Araneta and Pablo Ocampo as secretaries. Its principal work was the ratification of the declaration of independence of the Philippines, and the framing of a const~tution. That constitution is now known to us as the Malolos. Constitution. The republic then establishe~ did ,not last long. But ten years heri.c~ it will rise again. through the center of it you would hc:ive to walk the distance of fifteen fc£t. The atlas, which is really the proper name for the globe, wiH turn around on its axis steadily jmt Iik(' this earth we live upon. It will be illuminated from the inside with electric lights. Each country is very visible on it. Some things can be seen better than others be"Wait!" It is seldom that passengers who have never travelled on this stretch fail to inquire. "Where are we?" "Wait," replies the conductor. Indeed, it gets to be a Very puzzling situation to strangers. But in dut time after much more questionir.~ they learn that the name of the st.llion is reaIIy Wait. (However, name in the local dialect which is cause they stand out, that is, they used in that region is Pockaj, meanarc brought out in relief. Especially ing wait.) frontiers, waterways, railways and airways of each country. are very. very clear. The atlas will turn rn slowly on its axis so that anyone Girl of Fourteen Stationmaster can observe it carefully. It will She must be the envy of many a m;:ke six revolutions during one boy. When a young Japanese girl h0ur. The l~rge Atlas Institute of reported that her father, who was tht> Union of Socialist Soviet Republic is but a short distance from where the globe will be located. the station master at Sho, Japan, had fallen ill, the fourteen yt>ar old girl was permitted to .take over his duties. The owner of the line realiud that -the girls' family would h,1Ve no other source of income and In Moscow, Russia. a giant globe Wait! Wait! Wait! so it was through his kindness that is being placed in a city·park, called When a train arrives in a certain the girl was given a responsibility. the Central Park of Culture and station in Czechoslovakia the guard There are thirty tram services which Rest. The globe is fifteen feet in c;.;lls out "Wait!" Thereupon, the sl11.· has to diicct and supervise every diameter. If you were to pass right passengers hear the porter call out d;:y. 220 THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 19~~5 KIKO'S ADVENTURES - He was a careless cook. by ~ilmo baldov'il'lo l'LI. 1:£.'t r"7,M.~---: T'l..A T-1< S". -·;;NPW, 'l'PR. "TH'f' I-SJ+ __ _ Thoughts for the Young By D, A, HERNANDEZ IN your effort to develop in your- po!iceness is decidedly not a result take delight· in handling a broom self a .good character. rernem- of Cold calculation of what conse- and sweeping the floor and yard her that habits are not the on- quences impoliteness may bring of their homes. See how many ly elements that constitute its found- upon oneself. Such politeness springs mothers and elder sisters have to ation and its power. from a deeper sentiment o_f love. of do the work themselves while these Yes. you should form the habit respect, of humanity. Such bebavi0r school children, whom they tire of doing certain things in the ~ight is the fine breath of inner goodness. themselves to death in order to send way. and unless you do such things But most of our so.called habits to school. do nothing but play. hibitually and not merely from im an.: not rooted deep in the sou!. Now, dear boys and girls. chis pulse, you cannot be said to have Sometimes we do certain things in is all wrong. and there is somea well-built or established character. chc right way only under certJin thing wrong in the way they deHabics should be so formed anci cirl"umstances. For· example, we vclop their character. And what is should so impel you that you feel find children who observe certain wrong? Here it is. and remember th(m to be as strong and as span· bi.:autiful forms of conduct in deal- it- They have ilot formed in their caneous as your inborn instincts. If ir.0 with their teachers and forget hl'arts and minds those ideals from you act politely from an idea you them or even consciously violate which our acts should spring. those have been taught in school abouc thrm in dealing ·with others. We ideals that give color and meaning the value of politeness. thinking of find. too, children who are polite to to all worthy acts and deeds. The it everytime you find occasion co their teachers only as long as they habits that they form or .have show politeness in your behavior. an~ in their charge. formed have no root in their guidyou have not truly formed the habit Just observe their rooms in inp- beliefs, convictions. sentiments. of being polite. school. Consider the diligence with Doing certain things in certain The best test or one of the best which the pupils clean the floors ways with no better idea than pleasing their teachers and getting a good te~ts of politeness is seen when a person suddenly finds himself in a fit of anger. When one is excited by a violent feeling, his power of thinking is generally much hampfred, darkened, or diminished. If. in spite of the violent feeling that possesses his mind. he does not ut· ter harsh or insulting words, then he can truly be said to have formed the habit. and make them as shiny as mir· rnrs. You. can find no pieces of paper lying about. You step on the cold and slippery surface and feel delighted by the total absence of dust. We say that these pupils ar~ daily forming the habit of clean· liness. We may suppose that they h<:.ve formed the good habit when the school closes and they go home for a lodg rest. gr..1de, they fail co develop ideals that will last throughout life. When a child has set before his mind a certain ideal of conduct. a deep and geli.eralized feefing for what !s right and good. his habits of action have such a strong foundation that they will never forsake him. He will never forget them. He will be as hard as stone in the face of the st1ongest temptations. More than Such politeness is not merely a But go and visit most ot their that. he may· not have the habit quality of external behavior. Such homes. See how many of them of doing a certain worthy act, an September, 1995 Words by J. l-logg !'.ii.rd. of the Wild ts thy I#; THE YOUNG CITIZEN The Skylark d JI 22! Music by Antonio Munoz Tanjay, Negros Or. <..c>i.l -da--r-- ne.ss, .!::>lithe-some "nd cum-.be,-:.... less, La.y a~ loud ra-r- i-n. lh.e. down.7 cloud., I ff~ ~ ~ h 5w-eet be- Hy >na-t- ""' o '.,,,.. moor- - la.nd t ... a-1 bi.-r-!:1-.... lov"" L"Y"'- ':JW"'S i.t "'"-_'"',.. --9y' <j8-V<2- . ;,1::. ~m.-l:>lem of ha;p-fc-r-ess, f>lesl:- cs l:k_y .Jw .. ll-in~ place,. lllkre, on th.y dew- y w ""3 , wk,,.." a.rt H"'u jour--ney-i"'j? l~&kf ,#,~ &Jlj 18JJ1j#/J~dl ;J Oh.! to a-bide Lt"\. th.e. des-er-l- with -1\\ee,1.)in:L or the. -wi.L-ckr-1'ess. Thy l".Y;. ti"'. heav-,-e"'-• Hy lov"' 015 on. e.a.rl1',~),,..J. ot th.e- wi.l-.J..,...-1'.ess. act that is still new to him. but h~ all your work. In the face of an dcrstanding them. This is a ·very will perhaps inevitably form the entirely new problem. your habits bad habit, for it means mental·lazi habit by reason of that deep and may help you, but they may prove ness and what they call mental flabgcneralized feeling for what i~ right more disastrous to you. You should, biness. anC what is good, so strong and im- therefore. not depend upon your pelling in him. habits alone. Habitual ways of doThe main defect of our educa · tion, then, is failure to form those Lacking in this fundamental ele- ing certain things in a certain way habits of action that develop from mmt. your education will be almost may be right under certain condi- a certain fixed, well-defined ideal of useless. Nay, it may prove. a real tions, but not under other condi- conduct. Habits are just habits. harm to you. Education may only tions. There are no ~stablished idi::als beshow you more effective ways of At your age this is perhaps hard hind them, ideals that control them doing what is not right and good. to understand, but keep it in your wherever they go. convictions that And then you should -remember. n.ind and light will gradually comf' will inspire them and strengthen above all. that what: is right and to you as you grow in years. Do throughout life. Convictions are what is good are things that depend, no• form the habit of reading and the soul of a good character. Habnot upon habits, but upon reason. remembering things so easy that you its are just tools with which conYou cannot let your habits perform do not have to think at all in un- victions are made effective:. 222 THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 19.'15 lCiOOD ITIZfM/HIP rrimt jobs. We give these jobs tc om party henchmen. It is a priv · ilcge for them to hold these jobs." This legislator thinks that the spotf~ s~1stem is good as long as the men they place in government jobs arc not their relatives. In order to prevent this bad practice, our constiSERVIN6 THE 60VERNMENT tl<.tion requires that appointments ~o the civil servise muse be made on! r according to i:he merit and fitness ot the person to be appointed. The~e qualifications are to be determin·~d hr means of competitive examinations. There are· positions, however, which need not be filled by examinations. These are the confidential or technical positions. and positiom b} which government policies a1c determined. A citizen of the Philippines may serve the country in many ways. But the most direct way of rendering this service is for one to be either a soldier or an employee or officer of the Government. The tint cl<iss of service is called military service and the second, civil service. There are different classes of civ· 'ii service. officers. Some are _elected such as municipal presidents, provincial governors, and members •.)i the legislature. Others are appoint~ ed, such as the heads of executin d1:partments, chiefs of bureaus, ckrks, stenographers. and other min0r employees of the Government. All of them rnay be cl~ssified incu two groups: political officers and non-political officers. Most of the political Officers ar1• elected; but some are appointci.l. such as the heads of the executive departments. They represent in :\ way the political party to which thCy belong. They hold office during a brief period of time, generall v th1ee years. Wheri defeated in the ekctions, or when their party fails tu get a majority of the ,votes at thl? election, these political~1officus ceuse to hold office. " The non-political officers do not represent any political party. They mzy be grouped into two classes: (I) The judges and (2) the oi'ficers or employees performing the everyday functions of the Governrnrnt. The judges, as we have already seen, are made by the Consti. tution independent of outside control. The highest political leader in the executive or legislative departments may not tell them what they should do. The independence of the judges has always been considered necessary by every person. The officers and employees uf the Government performing th~ rcvtine duties of Government <lat bv day, such as clerks, stenographers, as!>;stant heads of bureaus and offices, are sometimes known as administrative officers. They have not al ways been gl.ven the independen'c that the}' should have. There was a time when these administrative em.ployees 'Were all removed whenever a change took place in the men having the power to appoint them. For instance .. when the Republicari.:> of the United States defeat the: D1'mocrats, most of the admini'\cr;itive employees are changed. They a1c replaced by followers of the Repi.:.blican Party. This system is c<11led the Spoils System. The party under this system uses Government positions as rewards to their men. This is a treacherous act to the taxpayer, because it is he who pays the salary of the. government offiars and employees. It is not the politic.ii party that furnishes the money fat salaries. The taxpayer, therefore, has the right to complain against the spoils system. Once appointed to a civil service position, a person should not be changed juSt because a political leader does not like him. Neither should he be expelled from his office just . because a political chief wants to pu~ hi.s favorite man in his place. So that these things may not happen, the constitution says that no perso!l occupying a civil service position mz:.y be removed from office except when there is cause for his removal. The constitution wants us to consider a public office as something belonging to the people, not as th·~ property of any man of any polii:ical party. It should be used by the person who fills it for the benefit of the public, not for his personal benefa. Because of this, men should br chosen for a civil . service positio11 for only one reason. That reason is A few weeks ago a member of that he is able to do the work well th.: Philippine Legislature was said and that he has the character re· to ha:ve stated the following: "V..f'! quired to hold the office in a propt:r do not appoint r~latives to govefn- manner. DOG PROTECTS HIS MASTERS' HOME Near a village in Malabar. lndil, tl--.e dog rushed at the snake and a fight 'to the finish took place be- grabbed the -cobra's head between tween a cobra and a house dog. The hi:: teeth, shaking it violently. But big cobra snake was trying to enter the poison which the cobra had inthr house of the dog's masters. The jl:'cted into the dog had taken efdog seeing that the cobra was at- feet and the. faithful animal fell tempting to pass through a hole in over dead. However, the dog too, the house went after it. The snake had given the cobra its death stroke raised its head and struck the dog and it fell from the dog's mouth a a number of times. Greatly angered lifeless body. September, 1935 THE YOUNG CITIZEN "TREE:5' 11 ·-J.iow·To ·Dl;AW;r1''<£S• ·-e>Y • 'SIMPL'i:OPLAN'C • · 'f',£f'R£S CNTATION" DRAWING LESSONS FOR LITTLE i1ow"To Dr-.Aw A fUNNYfAcc 1. Df?,AW A ~<;;:<:TANGL\:: AND DIYI D<;;: IT A<:;; ';)HOWN. 2.D1'AW AN OVAL INSIDQ. Z. ADD T\.I<;;: N~f,~Yb'~ L:..:.'..'.=-i=:::._.:.......".!~.Llil!O MOUTiJ AND 'tAf.S. 4. TlKN D'MW T~£ Mil'.. ·ttow ·To ·E:'NLAT-.C.E-· ·fl CT U~f:".3 · L Df:.AW f'S'RF<:CT '3C,ZUA'¥.'i:S ON 'T-\.1£ t'ICIUR'i'.' Of; DRAWNG 'TO B~ S'NLARG~D. 2. DJ"-AW 'bQUAL NUMB£\(. OF LA"'G't.R 'SQUAf.QS: ON YtlUF; PA P£K '3. 11---l--1-1---= COPY: BY FOLLOWING 1'1-l<;;'. 223 Fln'ST Df'...AW i-\.1£ 'SMALL OVAL N~ 1. T+lfN ADD T.\JQ LAt\G{'. OVAL N£ 2, i\.1£'N N2 6', N~4 , AND N~ 5. (A GOAT'S Dl\AWING) LIN ~S f"'OM "3G_UAR~ TO 5Q.UAl(.b.~"""'-""'6!!!.L--Ll!-~~__JL__L__J _ _L__J 224 MY PETS by Alvaro L. Martinez My Pig and Cat My mocher bought A little pig. It said to me Oink oink. My sister found A pretty cat, Meow .meow It caught a rat. I love my cat I love my pig. Meow meow Oi~k .. oink My Dog My little dog Is black and white. It is so good Ir. does not bite. It plays with me From morn till night. We are good friends And never fight. THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 19J5 Election of the First President of the Philippines On the 17th day of this month w-<. shall have the election for the first president of the Philippine Commonwezlth. It will be the firs( time in the history of the Philippines that the Filipinos will enjoy the right of choosing the he::i.d of their government. For hundreds · oi years the chief executive. of the Philippines has been either a SpaniarC or an American. On the same day the vice-pre'>idr:nt of the Philippine Commonv.. ec:.lth and the members of the National Assembly will also be elected. My Doll I have a doll With eyes of blue Her lovely name Is Mary true. She says ~amm'a And goes to sleep. My little doll Is good and sweet. ~~~~~~· On November 15th this year all the officers, who will be elected this n~cnth. will begin to perform their duties. It is on that day that the new government of the Philippines will be inaugurated. That government is the Commonwealth of the Philippines. The candidates for' the office of President of the Philippines are Manuel L. Quezon, Emilio Aguinaldo. and Gregorio Aglipay. The voters of the Philippines are tO select which onl'. of these three persons shall be the chief executive. Every voter. therefore, has a very important duty to do in the selection of the heacl oi our government. He has to convince himself that the candidate he sehcts is t}Je most capable person among the three. We should re mrmber that the President o'f the Pliilippines will be the first Filipinr) head of our government. Upon the success of his administration deprnds very much the prosperity of the Filipino nation. NEPA £} \l\1 ~~m1 s~/ ' ~ \tJ 'Ooli fot> lhe h brl~K (ir11ai· ~ -< ~ill\ -=; 1 "" ~~ 11-m~k'!J me. I groW /o sfrO))_g arid fa// N-is for our Nation of brave strong men For our country they'd serve with might and brain, E--is for Economy that we should have Our country's goods to protect and !i~Vc P-is for Philippines-these sun kissed isles IJ-l(eep~~~~l~ 900(/ AT ALL DEAl..ERS t'arnalion Evaporated Milk., flRllC ~rile to P.C.C. -.;, Manila for New p REM I u MS Premium Catalog Of hemp, coco palms, and sweet sugar canes. A:__is for Azure-the blue of our sky, With Justice to all, for Nepa we'Il die. LUISA DE LA PAZ Answers to "A Health Game." 13 14 4 12 15 September, 1935 INTERESTING PLACES San Francisco del Monte For a week-end retreat for City people, San Francisco del Monte is an ideal place. So close to Manila, )'Ct so province-like in atmosphere, it offers a change at once wholeTHE YOUNG CITIZEN 225 Sons of Great Men often Work as Laborers Washington. D. C. President . companionship with men who earn Roosevelt's youngest son. John their living by the sweat of their Roosevelt, is now busy working as brow. Furthermore. by request ot a laborer in Tennessee. He miglH the President of the United States, just as easily have chosen to seek .1 John Roosevelt is not receiving any joh as office clerk with the Tennessee Valley Authority. Instead h~ payment for his service. The Pres·· some and refreshing. Wild flowers is working with a pick and shovel idcnt says, "Now that there are so many laborers in need of money, I ask that my· son w6rk without benefit of a pay envelope." The President, of course, is maintaining his son John during the young man's stay in Tennessee. bloom along the roadside in profusi0n-grntle makahiya. starlike lantana. bright sunflowers. Clumps of bamboos here and there give sheltct to the ominous "tuk6" and offer refuge to the persecuted. iguana. A stroll up and down the rolling hills affords a healing exercise - ~o th!!- gouty . and rheumatic. The bracing air and bright sunshine tone ur the anemic and cheer up the low in spirit. The shady nooks alqng Pure Milk-during his vacation months. John i<> a student at Harvard University and now during the hot summer days he is getting the soundest ex· pcrience that any young could get ·-hard physical work and close tl-e streams invite the dreamer to ser.d his thoughts soaring among tLe fleecy clouds that flirt with the breeze. or the inveterate reader to pt•rC into ·'volumes Of andent lore." T0 the students of the secrets of rocks and layers of clay, the thousand and one land features reveal the miracles that time and weather have wrought. N~xt time you want to flee from the dust and hum of the City, drive. ride. or hike out to San Francisco del Monte. MILKMAID CONDENSED MILK All children love Milkmaid Milk and you can have nothing better or more wholesome. Wit.h rice or spread on bread, it is a real treat. Save the labels and exchange them /01· Splendid Gifts. Nestle & Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Co. MANILA .JLOILO CEBU ZAMBOANGA Don't fail to mention THE YOUNG CITIZEN when writing for catalog or gifts. 226 THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 1935 CROSS-WORD PUZZLE 2 2. Part of the head 2 3. Note of scale VERTICAL I. Sound of a bell 2. Kind of bread 3. 3rd person singular present indicative of Be 5. Neuter pronoun 6. A trap , . To challenge 8. A large package of goods 9. A pronoun (feminine gender: I 0. A conjunction 1 i. Very small 13. Last in order or at the end 14. To employ 1 ) . Preposition 18. Sins (verb) 24. Some or an indefinite numb~r 25. An insect 27. Part of verb "to be" 29. Exclamations 3d. A number '32. Snake-like fish 31, Consumed 35 Devour or swallow food 37. Obtain 3 8. Paddle a boat 40. Possessive pronoun 42. A house pest 43. Masculine pronoun ~ORIZONTAL zc, Railroad (abbreviated) 27. First half of a girl's name lf. Not yes. 30. To attempt 31. An article 3-). Reverential fear H To behold 3n. A preposition 3 9. Note of scalC' 40. A pronoun 41. Corre!Jtive of either 4 3. To strike something 44. Fight between nations 46. Short for sister 4 7. Sun (Spanish) 5U. Past tense of bite 52. 2.000 pounds 54. A verb 56. Not at any time 59. How babies say "daddy" 60. Anger . 62 .. Join 6 3. Crowd in riot 65. To sniff 6(:. Xmas song HOW A CHILD CAN GROW !\ (Cuntiniwd f1·om page 1.98) 1. Journey . ' 3. Sleep alone so you may feel 4. It blows more comfortable. Get rid of bed8. Lads buys, protect yourself from mos· 9. What is the man doing in thz quite bites and cover your body picture? with a sheet or blanket to avoid 1 L.. To rip catching cold. 14. Strong 15. A number 17. Largest plant 1~1 . To be sick 20. Part of the foot 21. Before 4?. Bar 46 Lonely -48. Pre~osition 49. Allow 5(r. An insect 5 ! . Industrial Research edJ 5 ; An old horse SJ. Raw mineral (abbreviat57. Nickname for Vivienne 53. Neither 60. Prefix, meaning not 61. "He" in Spanish Short for mother 63. 64. Body odor (abbreviated) 4. Play out of doors every day, but stop before you get tired. 5. Keep your teeth and skin clean by frequently washing them. Brush your teeth twice a day, take a bath at least twice a week and wash your h;tnds at least before handling any food. 6. Move your bowels daily and us<' a sanitary toilet. 7. Drink plenty of water between meals. If some day I happen to visit your school and J see in your class weight record that your weight is increasing steadily from month t0 month. I shall be very happy with the thought that perhaps you still remember this story of "HOW A CHILD CAN GROW BIG AND TALL." AN ANSWER ON Why Printing Estimates Seem To Differ Sometimes you receive a wide rangr of quotations on what is apparently the same piece of printing. All printers probably figured on the same pap~r and size. but lhey differed on the one thing you could not exactly specify -quality. Each quoted on his particular quality. It is diffcrcncc---the style. design. taste, workmanship-that gives personality to printing and governs the price at which printers sell the product of their plants. Quality Pnntiny is the only kind we do. UNIVERSITY OF Tl-IE Pl-llLIPPINES PRESS Printers • Bookbinders • S~ationers • Publishers Telephone !i-76-86 • .40.5 Padre Filura, Manila HAPPY HOUR BOCJl<(f Color picture books-famous old fairy talcs. favorite vcrsc'i, simple modern stories. Just the kind of books srnall children like best. THREE LITTLE KITTENS THE THREE BEARS HANSEL AND GRETEL LITTLE BLACK SAMBO THE UGLY DUCKLING CHICKEN LITTLE THE PIED PIPER THE LITTLE RED HEN THREE LITTLE PIGS THE STEADFAST TIN SOLDIER JACK AND THE BEANSTALK HUMPTY-DUMPTY AND OTH ER FUNNY PEOPLE FROM MOTHER GOOSE THE POSTMAN THE MOTORMAN THE POLICEMAN THE ENGINEER THE FIREMAN THE DELIVERYMEN Price: 60 Centavos Come: :to ouT ·shop. Tiit COMMUNITV PUBLISl-IERS, INC. 405 Padre F aura, Ermita Manila (across f1om the .Jlteneo) The MODERN ENCYCLOPEDIA for Cl-llLDREN (Complete in one volume) The Richest Treasure You Can Give Your Children 1,200 pictures 300,000 words !:very Picture and '!:very Paragraph Answer Your Children's Question Haw Much Do Your Children Know? All Jcti\'C. giciwing minds hunger for facts. They are eagrr for answers to hundreds of qurstions. They want pictures that tdl things ·and explanations that thl'y (.111 understand. They w-.1nt knowkdgc that will lead them to succl'Ss in lifr, stimulating information that will put them ahead in their work at school. Give them tile right books and they will learn eagerly. Put The Modern Encyclopedia for Children before them and sec how quickly they become entr.mccd in its rich pages. This entirely new and original work is the "Open Sesame" to the whole vast trt:asury of knowledge. It leads the children on a never-ending voyage of discovery into dazzling wonderlands. The· amazing story of the heavens. the marvels of animal life. the secrels of nature, the birth of mankind and its triu91phant progress through the pages of history, great stories from all nations. things to make and do, new games to play-here, in simple words and vivid pictures arc the precious things of human knowledge, vital to sensitive minds. a great and essential ~rst experience that you can give your children TO-DAY. THE MODERN ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN is the first work of its kind within the reach of every pocket. In one handy volume, it will be your children's constant companion. Every elementary school should have this book in the library Approvnl by the BurCJu of Education for Elcn_1cntary Schools Sold exclusively by Communitq PublishErs, Inc. 405 P. Faura, Manila TeL 5-76-86