The Young Citizen : the magazine for young people

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Part of The Young Citizen: The Magazine for Young People

Title: The Young Citizen : the magazine for young people
Issue Date: Volume 2 (Issue No.9) October 1936
Year: 1936
Language: English
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extracted text: . This Magazine Is Approved by the Bureau of Education VOLUME 2 NUMBER 9 OCTOBE:R 9 3 6 e STORIES Little Stories for Little People-The Ca1·eles~ Girl-Aunt J11li(I :::46 Reading Time for Little Folks-The Wonderful Book 247 The .Good Readers' Co-rner-Mrs. Juiiana C. Piricdn 24~ Martin and the Bad Giant-Anlonfo Mwioz 252 Cadena de Amor-LigayH V. Reyes ....... _. . . . . . . . . . 254 The Golden Image of Sri Visaya-Alice J<'nw1>t1n li1 yant . 25G • POEMS The Thunder-Lignyu V. lfry(',<; To a Dama de Noche-f,11fll de la J'a;:, . To a Champaca-L11l• de la P(tz .. It's Not Too Late-Nol'lni Fargas Sun .Pranks-Wi1_1i/red Lewis • CHARACTER AND CITIZENSHIP 245 250 2o0 ~61 261 Life of a Trainee-Fortunato Asuncion 260 My First Fight-Rcstitnto Carpio ... _. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 Among the Boy Acouts-Homcio Och1111yco (ltid Rica?'do de la Cruz 265 Closing the First Semester-Di·. /. I'crnlasigui 272 ti HEALTH & SAFETY The Sanest Wish-Dolores Tcnsuan · How a Candle Started a Fire • SCIENCE AND NATURE STUDY Common Flowers This Earth of Our:; Curious Things Around Us Little Pick-Ups-G. B . . Santolan Barracks-Fo1·t111wto 1ls111tcion The Month of October • WORK AND PLAY Hobby Page-Hmv to Make an Aeta Doll-G. B. Kiko's Adventures Drawing Lessons for Little Artists Little Entertainers • PICTORIAL .. • MUSIC Rain-/. Alfonso . • YOUNG WRITERS' SECTION .. • PEN AND PENCIL CIRCLE . 267 268 249 250 251 251 263 271 25!! 262 270 271 25~ 261 :wn Published monthly by thl' Community Pulilish.,1·s, In., .. Tl'l. 5-76-86. •IO.~ P. F'aura, Manila, PhiliJ>pines. Enki•ed a-; Secon1' Class Mail Milttu al Manila Post Office on May 16, 1935. Eclito··i,,I Dir»clM: ./<>.«' F:. Ro"'r,·o. Staff Editor: /,iyaya V. Reyes, ContributinR: Editors: Jul.ia11a C. Pineda, I. Panlas•'gui and A11to11fo .lfmioz, Staff Artist: Gilmo Baldovi1w, Business Manafl'er: .·llfrcdo de [,ara. Subscription Price: P3.00 for one year of 12 issues: $2.00 in the United Stales and foreign countries. Single copy, 30 centavos. Subscriptio>1.<1 arc t.o be paid to Commturity Publishers, ln~. THE MAGAZINE FOR YOUNG PEOPLE. October, 1936 THE YOUNG CITIZEN The Thunder Rolling, grnm.bling, mumbling low, The Thunder thunders to and fro, Shaking houses, shaking trees, Scaring children, birds and bees. Grumbling, mumbling, scolding loud, Calling every little cloud Home from playing peek-a-boo With the wind and sunbeams too. Scolding loud and scolding long, The Thunder sends his dripping throng ~cuttling down and clown and down, Wetting mountain, plain and town. The tall trees shake, small houses quake, The Thunder laughs without a break, I Then spent with glee on this long spree, The Thu.ncler sleeps contentedly. L. V. Heye" .Z46 THE YOUNG CITIZEN Octobt:r, 1 !JJ6 ~~~~~~"~¥,~~~<f~,. .. ~,.,,~,,.,,,,~,.,, .. ,.f,",.<f~,,.~~"'/,"~~~~M.l't.. I LITTLE STORIES FOR LITTLE PEOPLE I tl By Aunt Julia ;},.~fA/~>-~'~!/.;';~~~S~V>'r.".>0~~;~,,.~~1,;~~~~~~~t,t,~~~t;~~,.f;Q< The Careless Girl "Dela, Dela, where is the needle?" "The needle?· The needle?" Dela repeated to herself as she tapped her forehead. "Mother, I must have left it on . . . the sofa." "Is the sofa the right place for a needle? Go and look for it.?' "It is not on the sofa, Mother," Dela callee\. "Look for it. You might have dropped it on the floor." Dela looked clown. Then she looked up. And she looked around the room. "Look for it on the floor," her mother suggested . Dela tlj.c\ not want to stoop. "It is not anywhere, Mother·." "Last week you lost a needle. Y esterclay you lost another. And today you misplaced a third." ''O Mother, you need not worry so much. A needle costs less than a centavo." By and by, Dela's friend, Anita came. "Dela, Father is taking us to town to see the parade. How would you like to go with us?" "Hooray! Yes. I shall ask Mother if 1 may go." As soon as her mothe1· said "Yes," Dela rushed into her bedroom and pulled her Sunday dress from the hanger. Rip! A piece of edging was almost torn off her pretty dress. Angry with herself, Dela cried, "Mother, please let me have a needle and a piece of fine thread." "I don't have any. Run to the store and buy a needle," her mother answered. As Dela started to go, she heard the honking of an automobile. "It is my father," Anita explained. "He cannot wait any longer. I have to run along. I am sorry, Dela," And Anita ran back to the car. Dela was disappointed. But she knew she was to blame. In her anger, she seized the cushion on the sofa. She wanted to throw it into the farthest corner. "Aray! What is that?" she cried. "It must be the needle," she thought. She pressed the cushion between her hands carefully. There! The bright head of a needle popped out. To Dela, it seemed · to be grinning and saying, "Good for you, ca1·eless girl." · October, 1986 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 247 READING TIME FOR LITTLE FOLKS The Wonderful Book MARIO MOUNTAIN RIVER MARIO was a city boy. He had not seen a river. He ·had not seen a mountain. "Mother," he said one day, "I want to see a river. I want to know what is found in the river. I want to see a mountain." "Yes, dear, some day we shall go to your father's home town. There you will see a river. From your grandmother's window you can see a mountain." "But, Mother, I want to know about a river now. I want to know what• moun-· tain is." "Run and play, my boy. When you are older, we shall go." "No Mother, I do not ,,vant to play now. I want you to tell me about a river. I want to see a mountain." "I am too busy to tell you about them now. Here is a book. Read it. It will tell you about things _you do not know." Mario opened the book. He turned ·its pages. There were many pictures. There were pictures of animals. There was a picture of a river. There was a picture of a mountain. "O Mother, this is a wonderful book. It has many beautiful pictures." Mario began to read the book. It told him about a big river. Many boats went up and down the river. The boats canied coconuts, lanzones, and oranges. Mario read on and on. He did not have to go away. He could read about rivers and mountains in the book. "What a wonderful book, Mother,". he said. Choose the correct answer: 1. Mario lived in the (country, city). 2. He wanted to see a (river, driver). 3. What did his mother give him? (a book, a hook). 4. There were many (pitchers, pictures) in the book. 5. He read in it about a (little, big) river. (Check your answers by reading the story again.) 248 THE YOUNG CITIZEN October, 193G II The Good Readers' p,·Cned;;==·· rner I ~o~n~d~uc~t~ed""'b~y~M~rs~·~J~u~li~a~na~C~.""'~~""'~~~""'~~""'~~,,,{( Grade One Lita went to the market with Mother. Mother bought many things. Mother bought a big fish. She bought some mangoes. She bought some vegetables. She bought the mangoes for Lita. She bought a can of milk for the baby. ~ I ~ I. Draw a line from the picture to the name. mat mother basket ·market money a bottle of milk mango a can of butter man a can of milk monkey a cup of milk Grade Two Father took Dan for a walk. They did not go to town. They went to the woods. Dan saw flowers of different colors. He saw many big animals. He heard the beautiful songs of little birds. Dan clapped hi8 hands. He laughed and shouted. Fill the blanks with words in the list. big woods different happy beautiful sad Dan took a wal'c in the The flowers were of --- colors. There were --- animals in the woods. The birds sang --- songs. Dan was very---. ·'i' Supervisor of Intermediate English, City Schools. II. Check the correct answer. 1. Lita went to the (basket, church, market). 2. What did Mother buy for Lita? (some apples, some mang-oes, some milk). 3. What did Mother buy for the baby? (milk, meat, silk). Grade Three A little boy about four years old was standing at the middle of the street. "Mother! Mother!" he shouted. People stood ¥Ound him. A policeman came. The boy tried to run away, crying, "Moth. er! Mother!" "Don't be afraid, little boy," the policeman said. "I shall take you to your mother." Underline the correct an,swer. 1. The boy was (hurt, lost, killed). 2. He called his (father, brother, mother). 3. (A postman, A policeman, A fireman) came. October, 1936 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 249 COMMON FLOWERS A young flower that is still closed i$ called a bud. Examine a gumamela bud. The little bud is protected by green things that look like little leaves. These are called sepals. How many sepals has the gumamela? Hold a gumamela flower and compare it with the above drawing. Learn the names of the parts. The yellow powder is called pollen. It is placed at the end of the stamen. The stamens grow from the pistil. The petals are the parts of a flower that attracts you most. Why do you like flowers? You like the gumamela, yellow bells, and morning glory i--" ---8ud fe!'als GUMAM~LA fLOW£R. 4. The boy was (afraid, glad, worried). 5. The policeman was (cruel, careful, kind). Grade Four The man walked up the narrow path. The path was shaded by bent bamboo trees. The creaking of the swaying branches and the occasional calls of the gecko broke the silence. No man, not even a friendly anifor their bright colors. Why do you like the ylang-ylang, sampaguita, and paraiso? Some flowers are used for food while others are used as medicine. · Below are headings under which you may list flowers belonging to each. Fragmnt Flowers 1. Champaca 2. ~~~~~~~~~ 3. ~~~~~~~~ 4. ~~~~~~~~ 5. ~~~~~~~~Food Ffowers 1. Squash flowers 2. ~~~~~~~~~ 3. 4. 5. Brightly-colored flowers 1. Gumamela 2. ~~~~~~~~ 3. ~~~~~~~~4. ~~~~~~~~ 5. ~~~~~~~~Flowers Used for Medicine 1. Manzanilla 2. ~~~~~~~'-c3. ~~~~~~~~4. ~~~~~~~~ 5. ~~~~~~~~ ma! was in sight. Choose the correct answer: 1. This is a description of a place in the (town, city, country). 2. The place is (gay, ionely, dangerous). 3. The man walked through a (shady, hot, dark) place. 4. There were (many, few, no) people in the place. (Please turn to pag.e 255 for the answers to the questions on "The Good Readers' Corner.") 250 THE YOUNG CITIZEN OctolMr, 1936 This Earth of Ours In the previous numbers of "The Young Citizen," you read a gre.lt deal about the heavenly bodies. You have learned that some of them gee their light from the sun and are called planers. Our own eat-th is one of the planets. Although the earth is our own home, there is much about it that we do not know. The earth is so old that we cannot tell how old it is. lcs age cannot be' found in books. Those who study the materials that make up the earth gives its agl! by the bones of animals and stones found deep under the ground. When you are older you will learn how. men study the story of the growth of the earth. Let us study what wise men say about the materials that make up our earth. It is believed that the earth is a solid ball, the inner pare heavier than the oucer pare. The outer 'covering on which we live is called the crust. This crust is made up of a rocky mass. Part of this mass is solid rock while the rest is composed of loose materials such as soil, sand. and gravel. On lowlands you find soil. sand. or gravel. On the hills and mountains solid rock shows ac some points on the surface. When the earth was young even the outer part or cruse must have been very hard rock. As it grew older, many causes broke up the crust forming soil. Now the soil we know is not entirely made up of broken rock. A great portion of it is made up of decayed plants and animals. This de~ cayed matter makes che soil very rich. Choose the correct answer, I. The earth is a (star, planet, moon). 2. Men try to tell the age of the earth by (read~ ing books, studying the stars. studying bones and stones under the ground) . 3. The crust of the earth is the (center, interior, outer part). 4. Soil is (a mix cure of broken rock and decayed matter. broken-up rock only, decaye~ planes only). Turn to page 257 for the answers to chese questions. TO A DAMA DE NOCHE Dainty little flower so milky white Why do I see you only at night? . Like the moon above night vigil you keep, While all your sisters lie asleep. I_ love your fragrance that night insects woo, From e'en afar I shall know you, By the white of your dress and scent so rare, Queen of the Night, you're so fair! TO A CHAMPACA I mistook you for an Ylang-ylang, When once I saw you from afar, Till I came near I never learned How much more beautifol you are. You-with your lovely dress of reddish gold, And perfume of delicate scent, How much sweetness in you unfold! What gladness to the world you lend! Lulu de la Paz October, 1936 THE.YOUNG CITIZEN 251 r~:::;:~~~~~;~~~~~~~.~~~~~~~:~;~:~~~:;~:~,-i t::::.:-xx.;~x.;z.u~ .. ~ .... ~·-·-·-~·-·"'··.- .. .-......... r-=---·-·-=---n:.,.:.r.-.u .. :.r~ .. :.r .. :.r .. u~~~ .. ~~ HARMFUL INSECTS THE MOSQUITO You have read about the honey bee and chc dragon fly and how they are of help to man. Whil<! some insects are our friends. some arc our enemies. The mosquitoes disturb our sleep when they bit>? us. They may also make us sick. Some mosquito:!S spread malaria and other kinds of fever. Ii you know the story of their life, we can tell how chey can be destroyed. The female mosquito lays her eggs on standing water. The tiny eggs form little rafts. After a day the eggs hatch into che active little animals called wrigglers. Watching them, you will notice that the wrigglers go to the surface of the water to breathe. If they arc prevented from taking in air ac che surface of the water. they will die. It is easy co destroy mosquitoes while they are wrigglers. Pouring petroleum on the stagnant water where they live will kill them. Do you know of other ways of killing them? THE FLY Another troublesome and offensive insect is the housefly. It lives in dirty places and feeds upon man's food and decayed things or on horse manure. ·It lays its eggs on these places also where there is plenty of food. The flies increase in number very rapidly. The feet of the fly have hairs that carry germs. When the fly walks on our food. ic leaves the germs on the food. It carries germs of cholera. typhoid, and other dreadful diseases. Protect yourself from diseases spread by flies by covering your food and destroying the places where they lay their eggs and feed upon. LITTLE PICK-UPS blj g. b. CHIASMODON NIGER The Chiasmodon Niger lives in che deepest part .of the ocean. It has been found that this curious fish prefers to live a mile down in the pitch-black depths of the sea. This fish has a very big elastic stomach. It can swallow other fishes bigger and three times longer than itself. COMMON SLUG The Common Slug has 30.000 teeth. It has more than any other living creature in the world. The eyelike object that y6u see in this illustration is not an eye. It is .a hole thru which the Slug breathes. 252 i'HE YOUNG CITIZEN October, 193fl MARTIN AND Tl-IE: BAD GIANT (A continuation of the story, "The Fairy's Gift") By Antonio C. Munoz WHEN MAR TIN reached his home, he gave the sack of be_rries to h.is moth~r. E~rly the next morning. Mart1h and his mother. went to the town to sell the berries. During the . days that followed, Martin did all he could to help his parents. Every morning he took his father's provisions to the place where the latter was working. On Mondays he carried the soiled clothes to thi! river for his mother. In the afternoon he was there again to bring back the washed clothes. When his parents did not need him, he always went to th~ woods to gather wild berries or to cut wood for fuel. He did not see his Fairy Godmother any more but he knew that the kind lady was with him wherever he went. Although the presence of the magic needli! in his pocket made him feel quite safe, he never forgot the fairy's last words. "YOUR FINE CHARACTER IS YOUR MOST POWERFUL PROTECTION." Martin. there~ore, did his best to be good always. In the middle of the dense forest, lived a bad giant. Oftm at midnight. this wicked giant would go to town and rob the people of whatever money they had. Once a week, he would carry away a child. The people believed that those poor children were eaten by the giant, for not one of them ever returned. The people did not know what to do. They were afraid of the giant. They fled in terror whenever they saw him coming. Martin did not know anything about the wicked deeds of the giant. One day. as he was selling berries in the town, he happened to hear. a group of three frightened people talking about the bad giant and his weekly visit that night. "This. means another,lost child!" si~hed one. "And some more bags of money," added another. "Whose child will it be?" asked the third man. "Nobody can tell," was the first speaker's answer. Martin had heard enough. He knew what was going to happen that night. ·He picked up his empty basket and went home. It was getting dark for the sun had set. "YOUR FINE CHARACTER IS YOUR MOST POWERFUL PROTECTION. THRUST THE NEEDLE INTO THE BODY OF ANYONE WHO WISHES TO DO YOU HARM. AND NO MATTER HOW STRONG OR BRAVE HE IS. HE WILL BE AT YOUR MERCY." These last 'words of the fairy rang in his ears as he sat in his little room. They seemed to urge him to go and save the town from further harm. It was about eleven o' dock. The whole house was still. His father and mother were asleep. Slowly he walk~d 'on tiptoe toward the door to the street. As fast e.s his legs could catrv him, he walked toward the l'own. When h0e reached the marketplace, the church clock struck twelve. His heart beat fast as he saw a huge figure coming. It was the bad gia~t. As soon a'\ the giant was near, Martin stood un and oretended to run. He wanted the giant to catch him. The giant easily caught him. With two bags of money in his left hand and Martin in his right, • the giant walked straight towa.rd the forest. Soon they reached his home. The gianes house was made of logs. It was big enough to accommodate a hundred carabaos. The interior was lighted with torches. A stove made of limestone occupied one of the corners. In another corner, the giant ·had his bed which was made of logs. A buri mat was spread on a thick layer October, 1.936 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 253 of dry leaves which served as mattress. A big t~ble stood in the center of the one-room building. It was the giant's dining table. Under it. Martin saw a heap of bones. They looked like the bones he saw in the cemetery when he went there with his mother on All-Souls' Day. The giant placed the two money bags on a shelf He told Martin to sit on a stool. .. Don't move," he warned the boy, "for if you do, I'll crush you to death." "Look!" the giant continued as he pointed to the heap of human bones under. the table. "If you don't behave well, your bones will be there. too. before morning." Martin shivered although he had the magic needle in his pocket. Suppose the needle would not work and suppose the good fairy had stopped protecting him. He knew that the ~iant would cat him. In his mind, he had a picture of ·the giant feasting over his ~casted body and dropping his bones on the big heap under the table. The giant went out of the house. He returned with an armful of firewood which he threw int.J the fire. Then he got a pointed iron bar and sat down opposite Martin. "Come here. little boy, for J'll tell you a bed· time story before we go to bed," he said pretendin~ to be kind. Martin stood up and went to the giant. The needle was in his hand. "S-s-s-i-rrr." he stammered, "I know now how powerful you are. The world should make you a king for nobody else is stronger than you. Nobodv else is wiser or wealthier than you. Before you tell me that bedtime story. please allow me to kiss your foot to show my respect and admiration." The giant plactd the two money bags on a shelf. "You may." Martin knelt down and held the gi~nt's foot J.i if to kiss it. Then he drove the needle into the soft part. The giant shuddered. A look of revenge was in his face but that was all he could do. He had lost control of himself. The needle had done its work well. Then the giant was still. His face was calm. His body was alive but Martin knew that his bad character had left him. It was a fight between the good and the bad and the good came - out victorious. Martin stood up and looked at the giant again. A change had come over the latter's .face. It was no longer cruel. There was kindness and humility in it, instead. The giant also stood up. He stroked Martin's 'head. Then he got a sack and put in it all the bones under the table. He got all the small bag'> 01 money and put them in another sack. He tied one of the sacks to the end of a pole and the other sack to the other end of the same pole. After that, he held Martin's h.md and the two went out into the dark. Soon they reached the cemetery. Thi! ,giant poured out the bones at the foot of a cross which stood in the center of that home of the dead. Martin heard him sobbing. They left the plac~ and went to the town. The giant placed the money bags on the doorsteps of different houses. He was returning them to Jhe owners. When the last bag was returned, he pressed Martin's hand and said, "Thaak you." The giant walked toward the forest. It was dawn. The eastern sky was b~ginning to brighten. Martin ran home. His father and mother were still sleeping when he car:ie. He went directly to his little room and lay down. The sun was high in the sky when he woke Up. He ate his breakfast and then helped his parents as usu~l. 254 THE YOUNG CITIZEN October, 19/16 CADENA DE AMOR By L. .. V. R. Do you hear that? The wind is singing a lullaPy. Somewhere, there must be a little fretful baby for whom the wind is singing so sweetly. Th~ wind does little things like that for the little ones he loves. He fans their hot broWs. He lifts up thei[ kites. He sings them songs of streams and mountains and of the wide, wide sea. He brings Lhem tales of little foreign children: of the linle African and the fairhaired Norwegian and the snugly bundled Eskimo. And one time, he planted a plant for a little sick boy. The wind was roaming one evening when he saw this little sick boy. The little boy lived with his family in a poor room in a house which stood beside a di.rty street. There was a wire fence between the street and the house, but the little boy .:ould not .help seeing the dirt and the mud for th~ fence was so bare. He had been sick for such a long time that he was tired of lying in bed, and seeing the dirt and the mud did not make him feel cheerful. So that evening. as the wind was passing. the little boy cried softly. The wind stopped when he heard the weak sobs of the child. He touched the hot brow and fanned the wan cheeks, but the little boy went on sobbing. "He is so unhappy," thought the wind, "and crying is bad for sick children." The wind thought about the little boy as he shook the trees around him. He tried to blow the fragrance of the dama de noche towards the little boy's bed, but even this sweetness could not cheer him. The wind entered a rich man·s flower garden and rested there while the moon touched every flower with light. Then an idea came to him. Flowers are what the little boy need," he said to himself. "How happy he would be if I could plant some for him." So the wind went around begging the flowers for some seeds. He approached the red rose first. for the wind thought this the loveliest of flowers. "I am sorry," said the rose sweetly, "but my seeds are so carefully guarded. If you take them, I will die.'' The wind, of course, could not kill such a beautiful flo_wer, so he went to the dair..ty camia. He found out that the whole camia plant must be pulled if new flowers were to grow, and looking: at the tears upon the camia petals, the wind sighed .and left it alone. All the flowers were willing to help, but they could think. of no way to do this. At last. tired and discouraged, the wind came to thi: Cadena de Amor which grew abundantly by the back fence. Clusters of tiny flowers st~red up at the moon. whilt" the heart-shaped leaves moved to and fro, inviting the breeze. The wind gaz(!d long at the vine and said softly. "I shall not ask the Cadena de Amor. It is so big and tall that moving it and growing it will be very diff.cul t." The wind heard low laughter. He turned roun<l and round, but he could find nobody who could have laughed. Then he noticed the heavy vine shaking. and a voice, swecc and clear, drifted from it. "Silly wind," it said, "I a!11 Che plane who can help you. Do you notice the litde seeds that hang dry and brown from my sides? These little seeds can one day become great plants which will C<!VCr Lhe biggest wall and conquer the largest fence. Shake some of these little seeds and take them away. Thev will grow with little care and make your litclc friend happy and well." Octoba, J!IJ6 TI-IE YOUNG CITIZEN 255 The wind wondered at all this, but he did whilt the vine had asked. and with the tiny seeds, he blew himself off to the little sick boy's home. The littl<? sick child was asleep, buc tears still stood beneath his eyelids. The wind dropped the little seeds along the fence, and left them there. Several days !Jt('r, a row of little green things peeped out of the ground beside the fence. Thcv clung to the sunbeams which had strayed there and pulled themselves up to the first line of the wire fence. Later. they drunk in the dew of the night and put up their heads for some more. Day by day they did this, till their weak stalks grew and grew into a pretty, healthy grctn. The first leaves smiled up at the window and seemi:d to call to the little sick boy who lay on his bed, sad and tired. ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS on page 248 GRADE ONE I. 1. market 2. mango 3. a can of milk II. 1. market 2. some mangoes 3. milk GRADE TWO 1. woods 2. different 3. big 4. beautiful 5. happy GRADE THREE 1. lost 2. mother 3. policeman 4. afraid 5. kind GRADE FOUR 1. country 2. lonely 3. shady 4. no o'ne morning, the little boy looked out of hio; window. He looked first at the mud and the dirt of the street and sighed. Then he saw the row _:,f vine plants creeping up the fence. "How nice they look~ .. said the littl~ boy. and for the first time since he got sick, he smikd happily. Every morning, he watched the little vines grow. 'He saw them grow and grow until very little of th~ dirty street could be seen from the window. They grew and grew till they reached the top of the fern.:~ and covered the dirty ~trect entirely. Then one lovely morning, the boy looked out of his window to sec lhe first pink blossoms lying like jewels against the deep green of the beautiful leaves. "Mother~" he called happily. "my pla.nts have pretty flowers. They arc pink and tiny. Come and sec them." The wind heard the boy's happy cry, and he hummed to himself with pleasure. "Thz little one will soon be well," he said, "he has become so happy agam. Ye'i, the little boy grew well. He became very strong and very tall. He was. able to build a fine house. Along the fence and close to his own room. he planted se~ds from his old plant of Cadena u'<! Amor. Will you look over there? Do you sec those little flowers which smile so gayly up at th.: sun~ Those arc the great grandchildren of the first little blossoms which covered the dirr-v stw.•t anJ cheered a lirrk sick lad as he lay in bis ro"Jm, wairin~ for death. 256 THE YOUNG CITIZEN Octobcl", 1936 The Golden Image of Sri Visaya :J3y ALICE FRANKLIN BRYANT (Con!tnued from September Issue) NOT more than five yards away from him stood a short black boy with kinky hair. His white teeth showed in a broad smile, but Pablo saw at a glance that he held a bow and arrow in such a way that he could aim and shoot instantly. Pablo was ')O frightened that his hearc almost stopped beating. If he ever got home again, he would stay there! He did not know what to do. With the Ncgrito boy so near it was impossible for him to get up and run away-to try to do so might be a signal for the boy to shoot. And, even if he could get started, he r~alized that he would have no chance to escape from the Ncgrito, to whom the forest was more familiar than the multiplication table was to him. But the Neg::-ito boy was not slow in noticing Pablo· s expression of foar. He dropped his bow and arrow into an easier position and laughed as though the whole situation were a huge j?ke. ''Don't be afraid," he said. "I wont shoot you. But ·what are you doing here? People like you never come here. All this forest belongs ·to my folks, and all the things to eat in it belong to us. But, if you are hungry, I will give you something to eat. And ;1gain he laughed. Pablo heaved a deep breath of relief-fortune was smiling on him. after all. in what had seemed his darkest moment. "Thank you.'' he said. "You are very kind. To tell you the truth, I'm terribly hungry. I haven't had a bite since Yesterday noon, and nothing but a green coconut then." .. We can soon find something," his new friend replied. picking up from the ground a wild chicken he had already· shot that morning. "Suppose you clean this chicken and make a fire while I look around a little." The boy starred away, stepping lighcly and noiselessly through the forest, and Pablo set to work ~vith the help of his bolo to clean, 5kin, and cut up the chicken. Then he made a fire and put the chicken an.d some water in his can over the fire to boil. Surely this was a good and very interesting world to live in. It was even pleasant to be hungry now that he knew he would soon have something to eat. And this boy with the kinky hair who had fright· ened him so-wh~t a good scout he seemed to b~! It would be fun to get acqu:1inred with him. Scarcely had Pablo put the chicken on to coOk wheh the boy returned carrying a huge wild camote all rough and covered with little roots like coarse hair. He cut this into pieces and removed the can of chicken from the fire while he buried them in the ashes, then replaced the can: Up to this time the two boys had been too busy ·to do much talking, but now, having collected J. little pile of fuel. they sat down and pro::ceded ro get acquainted. Each of them was a great curiosity to the other. Once or twice in his life Pablo had seen Negritos in his town: but they had worn clothes-ragged ones, indeed-and Pablo had never so much as spoken to one of them. Now this boy wore nothing at all except for a belt of braided rattan and a loin cloth made of the soft inner bark of a tree. In his belt was thru<;t a bolo-the same kind Pablo had brought with hipi. On the other hand, the Ncgrito lad had never seen a boy like Pablo, and was equally curious about him. At first they were both a .trifle shy and ill at case with each other, but within a few minutes they began to feel pi!rfcctl y at home. The Negrito boy _said his name was Ulan. Rain. "Because," he said, "it rained very hard the nigh!" I was born." He lived in the little setclement thal Pablo had passed through the day before. Octobe1·, 1.998 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 257 Pablo told him abouc his home with all the cousins .and uncles and aunts, and his father's salary cut and the depression-though I am afraid Ulan did not underst;md salary cuts and depressions very well-and about his coming into the interior in quest of gold and about his getting lost and finding hiS corn all eaten and scattered by the monkeys. Ulan listened sympathetic~lly, even when he did not understand: and Pablo finally told him that, if he would help him to find gold. chey could each share equally in all the wealth th2t would come from it. Ulan thought he had never seen any gold. but suggested that lfter breakfa.St chey might rernrn to the settlement or camp where he lived and ask the old ones if they knew where gold might be found. At first Pablo had a little difficulty in understanding Ulan. He spoke Visayan, the language Pablo always spoke at home and with his playmates. But Ulan pronounced some .of the words a little differently, and occasionally' used a word that was strange to Pablo. Soon, however, each grew used to the pronunciation of the other, and there were few words to be explained.* It took a long time for the· yams to cook, and before the boys raked them out of the ashes they had come down to such details as Pablo's cloth(!S * So far as is known the only place in the world whe1·e pygmies or Negrito:;; have a language of their own is the Andaman Islands. Elsewhere they speak the languages of their nearest neighbol's. and the marks that had been burned on Ulan's arms. Ulan was parcicularly delighted with the institution of pockets. What a convenience! He had always had JO carry things in his hand or in a basket, or if they were small enough, stick them in his ear. Otherwise-except that they. looked nice-he did not think he would like clothes. They would always be catching on the branches and making such a noise you could never get nea~ enough to an animal to shoot it. It would be fine 'to have the pockets withouc the clothes! The marks on his arms were burned there, he said, to cure him of a fever. "Did it really cure your fever?" asked Pablo. "Why, yes, of course it did," replied Ulan, "and it was a very bad fever, too." Then he took a bunch of leaves to use as a holder, lifted che can of chicken from the fire, and raked out the pieces of camote. Using their ever useful bolos, they speared pieces of cbicken from the steaming soup· and laid them on leaves until they cooled enough to be beaten. Thereupon they- feasted heartily, and were entirely too busy to indulge in further conversation. After that thty picked up the pieces of camote that were left and started for the Negrito encampment. When they were about half w~y. they heard, som.J distJnce ~o their right, a horrible squealing and i.hreshing about. For the second time that morning Pablo was frightened, but being with Ulan gave him a feeling of safety. This forest was Ulan's homehe would know what to do. He motioned Pablo to fol1ow him, then plunged noiselessly into the foust on their right. Pablo tried to walk quietly, but he did not succeed very well. His new friend was annoyed ~ith him,. and motioned him to be more careful. Now the frightful squealing was very near them. and they walked more carefully than ever. Ulan carefully pulled aside some vines that hung from the branch of a tree and motioned Pablo to approach and look through the tiny opening. (To be continued) Answers to questions on "This ~arth of Ours": I. planet. 2. studying bones a~d stones under the ground. 3. outer part. 4. a mixture of broken rock and decayed matter. 258 T HE YOUNG CITIZEN PICTORIAL AMONG Tl-IE l-IEAL Tl-llEST October, J.9.1rl Conchita Noroiin Maritt Mc,.cecles Belmonte Jll(rn ()11i11los, Jr. Danf.c Cruz October, 1936 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 259 ~=~===Y=P=A=G=E====J I-low To Make An Aeta Doll Before you make an Aeta Doll, I will ask you a question: Do you know who Aetas arc? I have no doubt that you can answer this question without opening your geography. But in case you have forgotten, I will tell you about the Aetas. The Aetas are the original people of the Philippines. The Aetas are commonly called negritoes. The adult Acta is very much shorter than an average Filipino. He has a flat nose. His eyes are far-apart. His hair is black and kinky. The A'etas do not build houses like yours. They live in the forest and mountains. They do not cuitivate the soil. They live by hunting wild animals. Most of them wear no clothing. Now that you know about the A~tas. let me tell now how to make an educated Aeta Doll. Before you start, get these ma'teri.als: an old black stocking or a piece of black cloth, cotton or kapok, needle and thread, a piece of organdy, a piece of colored cloth for your doll's apron, a piece of thick cardboard. some paste and two small white buttons. Whether it is a black stocking or a pi~cc of black cloth that you found. cut it and sew on the dotted CJ') _) F';.,. 5 line as shown in Figure I. Leave the bottom open. 'Through this opening, stuff it with cotton or kapok evenly. Cut the piece of cardboard as in Figure 2. Cut it in a way that its diametc:r is larger than the diameter of your doll. On this cardboard. sew. nail or paste the bottom of your doll. to make her stand. To make the neck and waist, you must tie a black thread around where you t~ink her neck and waist should be. In this step, she will look as in Figure 3. Now sew the two small white buttons for her eyes. Now make her mouth and two dots for her nose with your needle and thread. Untangle the threads of a small piece of black cloth. Gather the threads and crample them in your hands. These crumpled threads will be her kinky hair. Then appiy a little paste aroun~ her face and drape the crumpled threads on it. Sew on a little turban as shown in Figure 4. Now make her arms lik~ that in Figure 5. The procedure is lik~ Figure I. Make her a dress as shown in Figure 6 (a straight kimono). Finish her with a colored apron and place a colored cloth like a big handkerchief around her neck. 260 THE YOUNG CITIZEN October, 1.9.'/6 LIFE: OF A TRAINE:E: Incredible, But-By Fortunato Asuncion (A trainee is one who undergoes training. In this case it is military training that was undergone.) A trainee-he was a father, to be exact-released a sigh of relief when h<' came out of the gate of the once Manila Garrison. Directly, he went home. How happy the small family was! The son who was the noisiest of the group stared at his father f ~om head to foot. The father upon noticing this stood .H <mention, perhaps to impress the young son, or perhaps to display his uniform-a sanitary inspector's uniform. as someone remarked. "I will be a soldier like father." boasted the boy who stood erect. put his chest out and gave an awkward military salute. Happily, rhr couple laughed. truded over the limit of the meter stick. His height and weight were being determined. In another corner was a dreamy-eyed fellow who found much difficulty in passing the vision test-how would he when he said blue for orange .1nd C for lly A. B. L. R. A mounted white crow is owned by Mr. Adriano G. do? Gorastiza. of Pasay, Rizal. Another crow, spotted with white, was once kept alive by Mr. Felix ~suncion, of Magdalena. Laguna. Beef can be preserved for three or four months when ~levated thirt) feet from the ground at Haight's Place, Mountain Province, believed to be the coldest place in the Philippines. Meat easily spoils when kc pt inside the house at Haight' s Place unless it is preserved some way. "You are eager to be a soldier. E? In the other corner was a huCesar, aren't you? You might man sack filled to che very neck change your mind when you learn hopping and jumping with much the hard !if.? I spent there," said difficulty. In the center of'the ha:t When the waters of the Pasig River and the Manila Bay rise only a few feec. most parts of the City of Manila become flooded. Manib stands on ground which is but one foot above high water. and there are even places in the city which <1re below high water. the father to the son. was a man whose heart was being ··no tell us, Father, whac you examined by a physician. The The population of Cebu, a small did there." phycical examination was long and island, is almost equal to that of Father, mother, and son gathered thorough. I was filled with jov Mindanao. one of the largest isin a small room. The father be- when the head doctot pronounced lands in the world, which is heganWe were in' the assembly hall p.;:.ssing a line of doctors and thei~ assist<l;nts. "Take off your shirt!" commanded the first assistant. ''Your pants!" barked the second. " your shoes!.. " your socks!" your everything!'' "Father, do you need to do that to be a soldier?" interrupted Cesar. "Aren't you ashame to take df your clothes there? I think. I just can't. I'll be terribly embarr.:i.ssed." "But you have to," continued the father. "Obedience is the first thing to observe in military life." Then he continued. The hall offered a very peculiar sight. In one corner was a tall man -exceedingly tall for his head prome fit for the work. faved to have enough natural In the afternoon of that first day wealth and resources co support the whole population of the Philipwe were given our supplies-rift.~. pines. b<:.yonet, belt, sling, ecc. After findir.g our quarters, we retired. Thus, The smallest bird in the Philended our first day in the training ippines is only as large as an ordicamp. uary person's thumb. MANILA STEAM LAUNDRY DRY CLEANING & DYEING 651-653 Magdalena, Manila TELEPHONE 4-96-89 Special Service: HOTELS, DORMITORIES' and HOMES October, 1936 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 261 RAIN l!)ric by Lulu de la Paz "'4fusic b!J I. Alfonso I~)~ 8 ;YrDJ tEJf=1~-=$tf ~ # ~ t i Ir J r ) I l l hoar ihe J,;P _f;"q dcopsof rd;<'\-, They fall drip ,drip,dr;p, on lhe- w1·n-dow pane, Or 1. prd-ly Ii.I-II._ ~h,\ -dren al play, !told oul- lhc;, hands lo .,..lc.h lh~ d;op• of,,;,;,, Or . ~. itH 1i=3==1_'.-if=-~~~~-..L-1- .P Ji! J ) JJ p;\- - \-e". pal-ter like sw,d \,\-_j\C:.., fe-el on \he broaJ. s<de-walb or or. \he. slr.._\ And bl»he )'o""j peo -pl<- w.\h Prum originul dr<twinys /Jy ·Prcfro Felipe )' i· J• , Ji I J J Iha! lulls m<.. · ~o SUN PRANKS By Winifred Lewis I saw some leaves on the way to school, Made green by the yellow sun; The vine ran over an old brown house And on to another one: The vine was covered with flowers redIf you were that yellow sun, Would you make red blooms on bright green vines, And houses brown, for fun? 262 TH!: YOUNG C!TIZ!:N Kiko's Adventures- b; gilmo baldovino October, 1936 BOYS and GIRLS I of OTl-lE:R LANDS - I IN the market place or business center of every town, you find Japanese bazaars and ice cream parlors run by Japanese. The Japanese are successful businessmen. They are courteous to the customers. Would you like to know more about them and their country? The Jap:mese live in Japan. There are so many Japanese that their country is crowded. Mariy of ... them work hard in the factories for small wages. The Japanese are industrious people. Their country is one of the greatest manufacturing countries of the world. THE YOUNG CITIZEN 263 INTERESTING PLACES Santolan Barracks By Fortunato Asuncion Half an hour walk from the newly constructed- Camp Murphy, .still stands the Santolan Barracks which have withstood the test ot t1me-why not, they were con.:structed out ot stones and hard wood. lV1arks ot old age can be uctected m and outside the desertca 1Ju11dings. .rrom a curve, as the road to tne !Jia'e 1s stopmg downward, che s1ce 100Ks desolate and abandoned-::.o.ve 10r a rew mpa shacks that line rne ngnc s1ae Of the stony pacn. n nuge biack water pipe can be ::.u:u on tne ngnt cernunaung m a uuuomg WhICh wa.s once. cne mcer hOll::.e or lVlamia s water supp1y::.u rne people say. n 1one1y uon gate, without any imce accached to 1t, idly stands to greet tne strayed v1s1tors or cne place. Low-rooted bulldmgs wh1cn nave outgrown their. usetuJness are hned on the left side. Just in tront or these 1s a yard in the middle or which is a tall flowering tree without any flower and a warm-out tountain without any water. Inclosing these are wide-spreading branches of mango and acacia trees. dressed as we are, in European costume. Others, who looked the best, are clothed in beautifully colored kimonos. These kimonos look like long gowns. Their favorite food is ric~ and uncooked fish. Japanese children always rake off their wooden shoes before entering the house. This is the reason why Japanese houses are very clean. Both boys and girls have their own Protected by a bamboo fence is a d~ep ravine where W.Jter lazily flows. Standing against the bamboo fr:ice, you can feast your gaze at th~ b1.:autiful sight-below is a clear winding stream; further away is a vast expanse of. green things dotted here and there by the roofs of distant houses; and above is the beautitul blue sky. True or false? 1. Santolan Barracks, like Camp Murphy, is in Rizal Province. 2. It will take you about thirty minutes to reach Santolan Barracks from Camp Murphy. 3. Many soldiers are still stationed in Santolan Barracks. 4. People say that one of the buildings was a filter-house. 5. Clear cool water shoots upward from the fountain. 6. Many people have built their own homes near Santolan Barracks. 7. Santolan Barracks is a gay place. 8. A tall tree loaded with flowers is in the middle of the yard. The other festival is given to honor the sons of the family. And this is celebrated later in the same month. In this occasion, big fishes made of paper are hung in front of all houses. A little fish is hung in honor of the baby boy. The bigger ones are for the older boys. Perhaps you often wonder why Japanese here in the Philippines The children of this country special holidays. One of these fes- hang paper fishes in front of their have yellow skin. Their hair is rivals is called the Feast of the houses or stoies in the month of shiny black like ebony. Their ey-::~ Dolls. This is celebrated by the Ivlay. They do so to celebrate their are black and slanting. Some arc girls early in the month of May. ]Boys' Day. 264 THE YOUNG CITIZEN October, 1936 I~~] AND ~ CITIZENSHIP ~-=-'-~ My First Fight By RESTITUTO CARPIO * (You might haue had a fight with some boys of your age. As you read this true story of Crispulo, find out wheth11r you did the same thing that he did in his first fight.) I think I must be six or seven years old at that time. Poroc, whose real name was Fructuoso, lived just across the street. He was my playmate. We used to shoot at swallows with bows and arrows as they darted down the street at sundown. It -;o · happened that Wf' both took aim at one whose flight was very low. Swiftly whizzed our arrows into the air and soon I saw something fall to the ground. Both of us took to our heels, I ahead of him. The bird was only stunned because we used blunt arrows. "That bird is mine," Poroc demanded. "No, it was my arrow thai: got her," Crispulo answered, for that is my name. "So you won't give it to me, eh?" he growled. "No, I won't," I shouted at the top of my voice. Before I knew it, he had grabbed me by the waist. thrown me down against his right leg .. and away I fell into the ditch. As I got up, I ran straight home crying, and related the ·incident to my father. He, however, did no.t sympathize with me. Instead, he gave me three sound whippings with a piece of rattan the size of your small finger by causing me to lie on a bench face down. He said with a firm ·voice, "If you can't fight, don't fight!" I've had several fights afterwards and never reported about it to my father. I've learned to have confidence in myself. Happily, I owe it to my first fight. Questions on the Story I. Why was Crispulo .whipped by his father? 2. What did Crispulo dO when he had other fights afterwards? 3. Do you know of some boys who acted like Crispulo in his first fight? Relate it. 4. If your lessons are hard, do you usually ask someone to help you? 5. Tell an incident of how you overcame a difficult task either at home or at school. 6. Select partners and have an informal play of • Teacher of Character Educatioll. th.is story. 7. An American woman was walkin.g along Rizal Avenue. Her child stufilbled and fell as he tottered after her. If you were in the place of th.is woryian, which of lhe following would you do? a. I would help the child stand up. b. I would encourage the child to get up by himself. · · c. I would spank the child. INSIST on getting "LA PATRIA" AMERICAN BREAD everyday Familie~ of ex<1uisite tJt.ste have always Pre(ered them because o( their nutritive qua\ltil's. OUR AMERICAN BREAD are baked in MODERN GAS OVF.Ns' 1:hru hygienic meth~d. We used only materials of superior qualitythat is why the bread is clean, spongy, agreeable to the taste and nutritious. Various HOSPITALS, HOTELS, RESTAURANTS, AND DORMITORIES SERVE "LA PATRIA" AMERICAN BREAD EXCLUSIVELY TO THEIR PATRONS. :a~~!~.~:. LA PATRIA 63~T~~:r~. Tel. 2·23-94 Tel. 2-69-80 M. PAGLINAWAN, Mgr. October, 1936 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 265 AMONG THE BOY SCOUTSBy l-loracio Ochangco and Ricardo de la Cruz A Scout HOW CAN YOU BE ONE OF US? (Continued from the September issue) S) Adventure in Woodcraft It is proposed that at each progress level ln Se'nior and Rover Scouting that each individual or Team or Circle plan with the adult leader involved a real outdoor adventure, securing advance recognition of it as qualifying ~s an "adventure" and involving mastery of being comfortable and safe in all weathers in the out-of-doors. This may involve the construction of his own comfort equipment and devices; it may involve making the necessary precautionary plans for a band of such Scouts going on a canoe trip, a cruise (Sea Scouts) , building trails in National Parks, making studies of bird migration, exploring watersheds for State authorities, surveying Indian trails. co-operation with museums in excavating Indian mounds or geologic ·"finds." While we should recognize that in many cases these young men are already well leaded up with things to do in church. school. work. social life, it is well to chart. these opportunities not impl,ying that each will do all these things. but e~riching by JOKES Teacher-"Ricardo, form the three degrees of comparison of brave." Ricardo---''brave, braver, bravest.'' Teacher-"Good.' Gregorio, form the three degrees of comparison of much." Gregorio---"much. mucher, muchest." Teacher-"Delfin. why do we have skin?" Delfin-"to protect the meat inside our body." Teacher-"How would y6u stop the bleeding from a cut in the head?" Juliano---"I will tie a handkerchief with a knot around the patient's neck." Pacifico giving a riddle. "What is in the middle of the street?" Floro---''Stones. '' Pacifico---''No.'' Class-what?'' Pacifi.co---''A traffic policeman.'' such listing the choice which they shall make in terms of the demands upon. their own ·time. After all. this is a supplementary program to home, church, school and community life. 6) Rauer Socials Under proper auspices and leadership it is quite desirable that a program of social activity involving the presence of young ladies be developed in Rover Scouting. The exact nature. of these occasions will vary with the community and the churches and schools and homes involved. but the tone and qual. ity a,nd spirit of them can be of the best, everywhere Musicals, literary evenings, amateur dramatic e:vents, dinners, dances, bridges, are among these already used. The presence of the Rovermasters and committeemen and their w"ives provides not only a proper chaperonage but a fine opportunity for theo;c adults to enjoy association with these young men and women znd to give indirect training in such experjences which are an important phase of adult life. 7) Health--Recreation--Athletics Rover Scouts should ''Be Prepared'' by keeping in good health and to that and should undergo at least an annual health check.up. Also each should plan out a program of health practices involving de· finite recreation. The truly broad life is a balanced life and in it recreation is essential for both physical and mental health. Young men of these ages need opportunities for vigorous outdoor physical activity. Since most Senior Scouts will be in High School (more because of the new leisure znd employment trends) it is natural to expect them to take advantage of the abundant opportunities for athletic activities afforded there. Increasingly, we are being reminded of the ills and evils attendant upon competitive athletics and of the desirability of young men havihg vigorous physicJI expression not necessarily competitive but more concerned with vitality. The whole emphasis of Scouting on the out-of-doors points here to the opportunities for hiking. skating, skiing, coasting. moun· tain climbing, canoeing, rowing. and swimming. These offer a fine supplement to the types of school ath.letics widely practiced. (To be continued) 266 THE YOUNG CITIZEN October, 193G MOTl-IERS' GUIDE IN CARE OF Cl-llLDREN Cereals are grains or seeds of cultivated grasses used for food. They are the staple food of mankind and hold first place in their diet. They contain all the food groups but not in the right amount and are therefore, eaten along with fish, me·at, and other foods to provide the correct amount needed by the body. They are generally classified as heatand-energy-providing foods because of the large amount of starch they contain. Some, however. like oatmeal. wheat, and corn, contain a considerable amount of protein also and are then classified as tissuebuilding foods, too. . There are many kinds of cereals like rice, corn, wheat, oats, barley, and rye. But of these, the most widely used are rice, wheat, corn. ;md oats. Rice, the staple food of the Filipinos and other Orientals, is generally divided into non-glutinous (ordinary rice like elon-elon, macan, calivo, etc.) and glutinous rice (malagkit). Non-glutinous rice, the daily food of the Filipinos, is generally prepared hard-boiled (sinaing). Other Orientals. however, like the Chinese and Japanese, prefor it soft-boiled (rice gruel). ~Whole grain rice is sometimes popped (po? rice) or prepared into rice pudding artd porridge (champorado). Ground rice is also pre:Pared into "puto seco" by the Tagalog and in· tc "bijon" and "misua" by the Chinese. Palay is sometimes popped also and together with a little syrup is sold in the form of "amp.:w." The tender grains of glutinous rice ( malagkit) is often prepared * Teacher of Home Economics, Emilio Jacinto Elementary Schoo]. Tl-IE !I oung titiltn PANTRY THE IMPORTANCE OF CEREALS Miss Juliana Millan * into "pinipig"-pressed, pounded and winnowed-a preparation similar to rolled oats. The mature grain is generally prepared into "puto maya, suman (ibos, lihia, antab, maruekos), bico, puto sulot, guinatan, bibingka, and champorado" (porridge). All of these preparations, except the ·last, Call for ~h~ help of sugar and coconut for serving. Glutinous and non-glutinous rice are often combined and ground in· to a paste-like consistency (galapong) with the aid of the native grinder (gilingan) and prepared into "bibingka (riCe cake), puto bumbong. bola-bola, buche, puto, cuchinta, palitao, mayablanco, tikoy and okoy.'' Most of these require coconut and sugar either in thf preparation or serving. A third variety of the native rice is the colored one. (pirurutong l which is commonly used in the p;:eparation of "suman," "puto maya," and "puto bumbong." This one hasn't gained the same popularity as the other two, probably because it is only used as a sort of garnish and not as the b~.sis of most native cereal dishes. Cenat Protein Fat Rice 7. 8 0 .4 Corn 8. 9 2.2 Wheat IO .4 .o Macaroni I I. 7 . 6 Oatmeal I 5. 6 . 3 Corn is another cereal that goes hand in hand with rice as the staple food of the Visayans. It is prepared in much the. same way as the hard-boiled rice of th' Tagalogs <:nd eaten with fish, meat and other viands. It is also boiled and broiled on the cob, when it is served between meals. Tender grains of corn sautt?ed with lard, garlic and a little salt is palatable. Mature grains are .generally popped (pop corn) or boiled into "binatog" (hominy). Like rice, it is ground into a paste-like consistency and prepared into "calamay" and other native dishes. Wheat is the staple food of most Occidentals. It is ground into flour and baked into breads, biscuits, cakes and cookies. While this is the daily bread of }he Occidentals, the Orientals resori to it only to break the monotony of their diet. Macar.oni with cheese is the most popular Italian dish. Macaroni is the staple food of the Italians while rye or brown bre~d is the daily food of the Russians and Germans. We can conclude then, that. while "cotton is the fabric that clothes the world," cereal is the food that feeds the people. Below is a table showing the: c·Jmposition of some cereals: Mineral Starch matter Water 79 .4 0.4 I2.4 75. I 0 9 I2. 9 75 6 0. 5 I2 .5 72 . 9 0 IO. 8 68 .0 . 9 7. 2 October, 1996 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 267 HEAL TH AND SAFETY SECTION DOLORES TENSUAN * One day, before the silent reading. of the story, "The Wishing Ring." I asked my pupils this question: ''If each one of you had a wishing ring which was good for only one magic wish, what gift would you ask for?'.' All hands were in the air. Everyo~e was very eager co express his greatest desire in life. Majority of chem wanted to have wealth above everything else. some boys wished to have automobiles. guns, yachts, etc.; others wanted to have success. whereas, some of the girls desired beauty. Each one tried co explain The Sanest Wish \vhy he chose the particular wish he mentioned. There was one little girl who sat very quietly. She is Rosario, the modest, sickly girl, who always seems to prefer listening to talking. ··Now, Rosario, you have not told us what wish you will ask your wishing ring. Do tell us what you desire most to have." I asked. The girl stood and with a soft, trembling voice, as if afraid to let her classmates hear, answered, "I wish to have good health, Miss Tensuan." Some of the pupils laughed at what they considered a queer wish *Teacher of Health, Washington Elementary School. .r=~.-==~= "'~~£'::~ AD)rwhettil.Witbo\lt relrlc· .-eitilllbDletlia.or6wymlllr, ••tiool · · ADdfaomtheontoJOIWPGd:l'J",1 Elimllt:hat'lila4otmDt.'Xllrn itlpurit)randwil!«m..., __ ~e:.~~!o:;d;~~~ ~~~~~~~~ las I• dded. Nothins i• ~" manrUUorev.thefr.n.ttuli.al ~~;::i:s;1g E :;:;,;; 'withtlM!Dlltllrl1flawir, . aupply you, aend ua the cood nouriabm~t Mlaame and~ •FRlilJl::f;aht .... tlui 1¥Hou Hll.K. GETZ Bll..,o•j"'. Cc CO - ..... ..,_ llLtl:'. . • nq t.n~~ and timid, thin and pale Rosario, cowered in her seat as if sorry about what she had said. I was so much touched by the pitiful condition of the girl that I realized then and there the great suffering she must have endured from being sickly. With a silent prayer that God grant her that wish. I told the class that Rosario's wish was the sanest and the best of all wishes mentioned. From the expression on the faces of the pupils, I could see that they found it difficult to believe that good health must be the uppermost desire of everyone. I was so eager to make them realize the importanc~ of good health that I forgot entirely about the story which was to be read.' Before I knew it, I had already talked on the importance of good health for three minutes. I'm glad to say that the moment I fin· i.c.hed the talk, the doubtful looks cf my pupils were changed to smiles of pleased appr~val. For the benefit of other pupils who consider wealth, beauty, and success as more desirable than good health, I repeat in writing what I told my class. Do you know that good health is the most precious wealth? It is the secOnd great blessing that mor(Continued on page 268) 268, THE YOUNG CITIZEN How A Candle Started A Fire When the discussion of daily news came up in Jose's class, he reported this item: "A Child Was Burned to Death." Jose told the following story: Mang Sebio was a very thoughtful father. Many times during the night, he got up to see if his children were sleeping peacefully. Sometimes he would wrap a child up in a blanket or kill mosquitoes that dared enter the mosquito net. There were five children lying side by side under a very wide mosquito net. As usual Mang Sebio got up that night. Holding a lighted candle up, he peered into the mosquito net. A number of mosquitoes were flyin~ around while some were on the children's faces. By their distended stomachs, Mang Sebio saw that they had already feasted on his children's blood. With an oath, the cld man crawled into the mosquito net. Placing the candle in a corner, he began crushing the ill-fated mosquitoes between his heavy palms. He was so 3bsorbed in catching mosquitoes that he did not notice that a corner of the flimsy net had caught fire. The fire spread instantly. In a panic. Mang Sebio roused the rest of the family. He carried four children out of reach of the fire. When he returned for the fifth, the fire was so big that he could not reach for the child anymore. Jose's teacher asked, "How could the accident have been prevented?" This was Jose's answer: "A candle should not have been used. A lantern was better.~· Another boy said, "The safest thing to use in that case is a flashlight." What do you think? Tl-IE SANEST WISl-I (Continued from page 267) tals are capable of; a gift that money cannot buy. Many of you desire wealth, success, and beauty. Of course, all these things are necessary in life. but have you ever stopped for a moment to consider j~st how useless these things are if you don't have good health?· Can you enjoy all the luxuries that wealth can give you if you have to stay in bed? Of what importance is success if you are too sickly to make use of it? Let us say. you finished your career with the highest honors, but c<'ln you m!)ke use of your learning if you are a tuberculou's person? Many of the girls desire beauty aboVe everything else. but do you know that beauty is absolutely useless if you are sickly? On the other hand. if you are healthy, you can attain success, and to some extent beauty. Good health helps boys and girls and men and. women to do to the best of their ability their daily tasks at home, in school. on the playground, in business, and everyWhere. Without it. the biggest and best things in this world would not have been done. Nobody will be successful in any undertaking if his health is very poor be ca use ·success. like a big building, needs a good foundation and that foundation is good health. \Vith good health for your capital. you can also attain wealth. How does good health give you beauty?, you may ask. Good health, more than a;.ything else, makes you better-looking. Have you. ever seen any of your playmates after they have been ill? If so, you know how pale and thin they looked. What happened as they began to get well? Did you notice how round and rosy their faces became? Even beautiful girls and handsome boys will begin to look ugly and unattractive if they neglect their health. Good health usually means rosy cheeks, a clear skin. glossy h<air. October, 1936 and erect posture. and hard muscles. Many of you think that good health simply means, not getting sick. It is more than that. Don't you experience some days when everything goes on like a song? You just cannot walk, you feel like skipping and running. It ~eems as though you cannot keep still; you like to laugh. ·and sh9ut and sing! Nothing worries you; you could not be angry! You are cheerful. and happy, ready for everythingplay, work, or wh.atever comes along. That, children, is the feeling of Health! What would y9u nof give to have everyday of your life a day like that one? Do you now agree with me that being endowed with good health is the sanest and best wish? It's Not Too Late 'Determination By NOEMI VARGAS * When once my _teacher told me that I practice simple cleanliness. I little heeded what she said, For my own benefit. But I'm still young, it's not too lat~ To make up for what I haven't done; I have resolved to do it all. So now, I have begun. J\t morn, when I w·ake up to start, I brush my teeth and take a bath, I keep myself neat, very clean. And now, I'm very glad. I don't forget to brush my teeth. At evening 'fore I go to bed, I don't stay up too late at night To lose my full night's sleep. I did not think that I could win- - Such kind respect from all my friends Since having practiced cleanliness, I say. It's Not Too Late. "' Teacher, Intramuros Elementary School. October, 1936 Emilio Jacinto Elem. School Manila. P. I. Sept. 3, 1936 Dear Aunt Alma, le gives me great pleasure to tell yOu about the Nepa Day in our school. All the teachers wore native dresses. Some of the children. too, wore clothes made in the Philippines. I attempted to wear my native dress but I was afraid the boys would tease me. So, I just s;;.tisfied myself with looking at those in their nepa dresses. The lady teachers in their modern balintawak costumes were as beautiful a.c: fresh flowers blooming in ·the garden. Respectfully yours, Elizabeth Santos Dear Elizabeth. Wearing native costumes is one way of observing Nepa Day. I hope>, however, that your teachers taught Teachers: Do you want to motivatt? theme and letter writing? "The Young Citien" offers you a long-awaited chance. Encourage your pupils to correspond with our young 'writers whose names appear in the "Pen and Pencil Circle" and in the "Young Writers' Page." We shall publish the best themes, letters, even poems written by your pupils. Please see to it that they are your pupils' own work. THE YOUNG CITIZEN THE YOONG CITIZEN ~JOU other ways of making every day a Nepa Day. Aunt Alma Tanjay, Negros Oriental Dear Aunt Alma, I am sending you this letter to kt you know how popular "The Young Citizen'' is. In our school there is a big library. We have several copies of your magazine. When we are told to read magazines, the boys and girls rush to "The Young Citizen." We like your stories because they are interesting and easy to understand. Your admirer, Asuncion Villaflort!s Dear Asuncion. It is good of you to tell us that the children in your school like "The Young Citizen." I have received many letters abo.ut the magazine from pupils of Tanjay. I think that the children of your school are active and wide-awake. If you have a picture of your school. send it to me for publicati on. Lovingly yours, Aunt Alma Tanjay, Negros Oriental Dear Aunt Alma, I live in Barrio Buyao but I am studying in Tanjay. I am your c.dmirer. Please tell me your name and where you live. I should like to have a picture of yours. Your admirer, Basilia T orrcs Dear Basilia, I am sure you are more interested ir:1 young girls like you. You may YOUNG WRITERS 269 A SPANKING I RECEIVED A mischief I did nearly cost me my life. A cart pulled by a carabao and loaded with .big bundles of firewood was the cause. The pile seemed to beckon to me. I climbed up the pile and sat proudly on top oi it. The bundles rolled down and I rolled down .with them. How I escaped being killed was a miracle to me. When my father heard of my accident, he gave me the worst spanking I got in many years. Timoteo Pascual-VI-A Rizal Elementary School AN AUTOBIOGRAPHY I was born on one of those frightful days when there were frequent fights between Chinese and Filipinos. My mother took such good care of me that I grew to be a very heal thy baby. When I w JS three years old, I was sick with dysrn tcry. I pulled through because of my mother's care. I had a very dreadful experience. I shiver even now when I remember it. An insane man ran toward me when I was playing. He almost succeeded in killing me. Onet.' I was almost run over by a. truck I lost my father years ago. l Jm supported only by my mother, who works in the cigar factory. My ambition is to earn money and make my mother happy. Pilar Rovero-VI-A Riza~ Elementary School fi.r.d a good fri~nd among the chi/. dren whose letters are published in different numbers of "The Young Citizen." I am Aunt Alma and um 1herefore old enough to be your aunt. Lovingly yours, Aunt Alma 270 THE YOUNG' CITIZEN Octobe?', 1996 DRAWING CUT-OUTS LESSONS OF WHITE PAPER You Cal) Easily Make Your Own Posters It is easy to fold a piece of paper or a piece of thin cardboard. After folding, we can make a fan. or cue it freehand and we can prOduce a string of funny paper figures. But cutting a piece of folded paper freehand is not easy. Cut-outs like lhe ones on this page can be done easily with the help of a small pair of scisso rs. They say, practice makes perfect. You may practice cutting figures like these on the page: Simple pictures from magazines or your favorite storybooks will make very good mocfels · for you. But if you wish to make your own, you may sketch your ideas on a piece of white paper. Arrange your figures .1s vou wish them to appear. The pencil line will be your guide in cutting. After cutting, get a piece of colored paper for the background of your figure~. The best colored pap~r for these cut-outs are dark green. dark blue, dark-brown, dark red or black. Heavy colored paper for the background will make your figures appear very well. The last thing to do is to paste .your cut-outs on the colored paper. You may think that pasting is the easiest <Jtep. Pasting is easy but it is also hard. It is hard because if any of the paste scatters on the colored paper, your work is a failure. Remember t_hat cue-out is an art. If your work is not clean. it will not be presentable. FOR LITTLE ARTISTS October, 1936 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 271 ){~. _ _ ,,,,~,,,,,,,,,_,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,.,~,,,_,,.,.,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,.,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,.~,,,~,1 i LITTLE· ENTERTAINERS I }(~~~~~¥/>~~~~"f;.~~~"'A'~~~~ Shirley's Charming Manners There is no doubt tha[ Litde Shirley Temple is a bright little actress. Her. num.erous successful pictures are proofs of beautiful performances. Every time her new picture comes to town, we crowd the theater to see her. To us, she is a good little entertainer. We know little Shirley from what we see of btlr in the movies. But people who know her personally think she is not an actress at all. Why? Because wha[ we see of Little Shirley in [he movies. is the real 'Shirley Temple. The Shirley Temple of the movies is the Shirley Temple in real life. She is naughty in most of her pictures. She is really naughty, like other girls. in. real life. Her charming manners in the pie· cures are her own. 'When you sec her in a picture, remember, she is not acting. She is giving us wh<1t she really is. One day, a month ago. she gave a luncheon. Her guests were grownups. They were ladies and gentlemen who write for the newspapers and magazines. While all were enjoying eating, one of the guests had an .accident. This gues[ spilled a glass of ·water all _over the. table· cloth. The guest was very m·uch embarrassed. But Shirley said. "Tha['s all right. I do that too, quite often. I just spilled mine a little while ago!" Now, dear children, is she not a little lovable girl? THE MONTH OF OCTOBER Lih the month of September. or a goddess. Its name was taken October was no[ named after a god . from the Latin word which means eight because it was the eighth month in the old R~man calendar. The most important festival ci.:" lebrated by the ancient Romans in the month of October was the festival held in honor of Ceres. Ceres was the goddess of hai:'vest. It was she who caused plan.ts to grow and flowers to bloom. She had a lovely daughter whose name was Proscrpina. One day. Proserpina was picking some flowers on a meadow. Pluto, 'the king of the underworld, saw her and carried her away in his chariot. He took her to bis dark palace which was never reached by the sun's rays. Proserpina was very sad. She wanted to be with her mother. She missed the birds and flowers. She refused to rat the food prepared in Pluto's kingdom. Pluto sent messengers co' the earrh ro find some fruit. The messengers came back only with some dril.'d pomegranate seeds. GINGER. A Young Singer She mak('s ltCI' 11,·uy to people's hearts with her smile {/Jlcl her voict', Ceres worried so much over her daughter that she neglected her du- , ties. Flowers wilted. The grains failed to ripen. The people began to complain. Heeding the people's cry. Jupiter asked Pluto to Ice Proserpina return to her mother. Plu · to promised to do so provided the ~irl had not eaten any food. It so happened, however, that Proserpina had already eaten six pomegranate seeds. Jupiter, therefore. decided that Proserpina must stay with Pluto for six months and live with her mother on earth during the remaining six months of the )'(J.C. 272 T HE YOUNG CITIZEN The Message This Month Closing the First Semester October is the end of the first semester of the school year. We have already gone one half of the year and another half is still before us. It is good at this time if we ti·y to make a list of a few things that we should do while we are in school. Let us, for example, look at the following list: 1. Attended my classes every day. 2. Came to school on time every day. 3. Studied and prepared faith fully my lessons in .all my classes every day. ,1. Have learned many new things in different subjects. 5. Obeyed my teachers wiliingly and gladly. 6. Helped in the necessary work that must be done in our school buildings. 7. Helped keep the classroom clean and neat. 8. Helped keep the g1·ound of our school building clean and beautiful. 9. Helped my classmates when they needed my help. 10. Have done my home wGi·k promptly. 11. Wrote my examinations without help. 12. Have not prompted my classmates during recitations. 13. Have not destroyed any property of the school- books, desirn, tools, etc. 14. Played with my classmates according to the rules of the game. 15. Obeyed all the rules of the school. There are many other things but these are enough to give us good samples of what we should do in school. Let us score ourselves on the list. See how many we have done and how muny we have not done. It should be our aim to have a 100": score. How many of us have a perfect score? -DR. I. PANLASIGUI Oc:lvba, l.'J./li A Word to School PrincipalsCONSIDER THESE FACTS: THE YOUNG CITIZEN PUBLISHES MATERIALS FOR COURSES IN ELEMENTARY SCIENCE, HEALTH EDUCATION, CHARACTER TRAINING, CIVICS, HOME ECONOMICS, HISTORY, AND READING. THESE MATERIALS ARE FRESH AND PURELY PHILIPPINE. THEY SERVE MOST PERFECTLY FOR SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL FOR GRADES I TO VII. TWENTY SUBSCRIPTIONS FOR YOUR SCHOOL COST 1'46. THESE TWENTY SUBSCRIPTIONS ARE EQUIVALENT TO FIVE OR MORE SETS OF SUPPLEMENTARY READERS; AND FIVE SETS OF SUPPLEMENTARY READERS WILL COST YOUR SCHOOL 1'300 OR MORE. WHY NOT THEN CONSIDER 20 SUBSCRIPTIONS FOR THE YOUNG CITIZEN FOR YOUR SCHOOL? COMMUNITY PUBLISl-ll:RS, Inc. 405 P. !=aura, Manila THE PSYCHOLOGICAL METHOD of developing ideals in children is to present specific traits of character in story form. Teachers of character education find difficulty in finding appropriate stories for different traits. This phase of the teacher's problem is now solved with the coming out of Stories on Conduct by Panlasigui The stories are taken from 1·eal life situations of Filipinu children. IN REPLY ADDRISS TH[ DIRECTOR Of EDUCATION MANILA,P.I, COMMONWEAL TH OF THE PHILIPPINES DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION BUREAU OF EDUCATION MANILA September 21, 1936 The Commulli t y Publishers, lno. 405 Padre Faura, Manila Gentlemen: This is to advise you that Panlasie,ui' s Stories on Conduot has be.en approved as a supplementary reader in Grade v. Approval of this book will appear in the forthcoming Academia Bu.lJ.etin. 39047 Very respectfully, !JUT Director The price is f'l.60 net. This book is sold only by COMMUNITY PUBLISHERS, Inc. 405 Padre Faura Manila, Philippines