Rare Periodicals

The Young Citizen: The Magazine for Young People

Media

Part of The Young Citizen: The Magazine for Young People

Title

The Young Citizen: The Magazine for Young People

Issue Date

Volume 3 (Issue No. 8) September 1937

Publisher

Community Publishing, Inc.

Year

1937

Language

English

Subject

Children's literature, Philippine (English)

Children's literature.

Philippine literature (English)

Rights

Place of publication

Manila

extracted text

SEPTEMBER, 1937 ae. Oentavoa This Magazine Is Approved by the Bureau of Education VOLUME 3 NUMBER 8 SEPTEMBER 1937 • STORIES Joe's Wonderful Box-A11lonfo C. M111i11: .. , .• , .. , .•. , • •. • . 2:~1 Josefina and Her School Work-/<;/i1m :11,u·11111·z 2:16 The Spider and the Ant-Do1·1·to Pro·«s-Sulit 2:17 The Stc-ry of Ginger-/J. /IHI c.nun·" . 2:i8 • POEMS Child's Health Day-/ •. rfr fr1 /'a:-Gt1l1rif'/ Little Things ........ , . . . . . . , Fair Filipina!li-Elixf/ .1/r11•q11r:. •..... , , ... • CHARACTER AND CITIZENSHIP Gla!'ls in the Road-R J/ill C:t0HHm • • . • • 24-1 A Scout i11 Brave-Ri<'<fi'dtJ dr fo Cr11:: . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 • HEAL TH AND SAFETY Stealing Ride!"-Q11iric1, A. C1"11 ~ Antonio-B. Hill Cmwvu ........... , ........... . A Doctor's Story-Elisc1 .Wa,-q1u'.> Healthy Childr<!n-/. l'r111fflsig11_i • SCIENCE AND NATURE STUDY This Earth "Jf Ours . . . . . .......... , .... . Homes in the Animal Kiflgdo1u ......... . Plants About Us .......... . Fleas as Household Pl•:-;t:-: . . . . . . ...... . Water Flowers-Fort1111r1to :ls1111t·io1• • WORK AND PLAY The Good Readers' ('orni!r .. . Leaming New EX~Jl'es:-;ion:-; ....... . Things to DL-lJ. Hill Ctuw ''" .. . Kiko's Adv!.!ntures .................•..... The Young Citizen Pantry-J11,'it111<1 .llillt111 Color Me .... , , , , , . Jokes ....... . • MUSIC The Clock-/. Alfo11so 250 250 251 252 ::!5::! 240 242 ::!-l:i . ........ 247 ::!i18 2ii<i ;W:I . . . . . . . 24!1 Publi><hed monthly by th .. Community Puhli><ht•rs, hu-.. '1'1·1. .·,.:,i;.i;9 • . jO,j I'. Fimrn, )l:mil<1, Philippinea. Entered a! Seeon~ C.IRllB Mail MdUt·r at M'lnil:i. l'<>st Oflicc "" May JG, l!o:lr.. 1111ia~~toc:·i,..~=~1.: f.:~~a!;.11~f0:-::i°',1 ~~!~'j,, ~U~0:~: •1·~.~~ ~~.. 1 ~~~ .. ·i· •. ~~=i~i·~~~:::.~ · ~:~~~~.~:~ M1m:i.p-l'r: Emifiana (;a,...ia,..JfaHO/t•s Subscription Price: P3.00 for one ynr of 12 i11~ue11: $2.00 i!! the United Stutes aml fm· .. i~n ('('OUntriea. Sina"le copy, 30 eent.a'IO>'. Soi/,,,.,,·i11ho•111 o•·.., IG l1f' ,,.,;n· lo C<?mmu .. it11 Pu/>l;.her~. Inc. THE MAGAZINE FOR YOUNG PEOPLE: September, 1981 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 233 Child's Health Day 'I'hey asked me what Child's Health Day means, Of what significance it is They asked for what Child's Health Day stands 'Mong all other important days. Child's Health Day means good food to eat, Eggs, pure milk and fish or meat, Green vegetables and apples sweet Papaya or banana treat. Child's Health Day signifies good rest, Eight hours of sleep to give us zest. Early in bed and out at sunrise, 'J'o start the day with ·healthy ways. Child's Health Day means pure, fresh air, From hills or mountains, field or dell. It 'means the tropic sun's caress, Also plenty of good exercise. Above all things Child's Health Day ~tands, For healthy children of our land, They with bodies strong and clean, Full of vigor, might and vim. On Child's Health Day we honor them, Whose faces with health and happiness beam. In them the hope of a nation lies, Both in time of war and peace. -Mrs. Luisa P. Gabriel 234 THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 1931 LITTLE STORIES FOR LITTLE PEOPLE Joe's Wonderful Box By ANTONIO C. MU1'10Z In this story, Joe has another aclven· !U1·e more interesting than that which you read last month . • 4n impo1·tant lesson in conduct is taught in this sto1·y. Fini out what it is. On Friday afternoon, the principal went around the classes to collect the sales from the pupils. Everything went on smoothly until he came to the Fifth Grade-2 Class. The principal noticed when he entered the room that one THE pupils in Joe's school were busy. of the girls was crying. An operetta was to be staged on "What's the matter, Miss Cruz?" he the following Saturday by the asked of the teacher. intermediate pupils. Those who were "Maria lost one peso," the teacher not taking part in the operetta were ei- replied. "That money was a part of ther helping in the construction an<l. her. ticket sales. She put it in her box decoration of the stage or selling admis- just before she left her home. When sion tickets to outsiders. It was a hen- she reached the school, she put the box efit show and every' intermediate pupil in her desk. When I told the pupils was given three pesos's worth of tickets that you were coming soon to collect the t~ be sold to friends and relatives. All sales, she got the box and opened it. sales were to be turned over to the prin- The remaining tickets were there but cipal on or before Friday. .the mone~· wrapped in a piece of paper was gone." "Are you sure, Maria, that you had the money in the boxT' the principal asked. · "Yes, sir," the girl answered. "I September, J;J.J7 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 235 even looked into the box before I placed it inside the desk to be sure that it was there." "Did anybody know that you had money in the cardboard box?" again 2sked the principal. "I don't know," Maria replied. "Of course, every pupil knows that all ticket sellers have money with them this afternoon for this is the day we are to report tile sales and turn the money over to you." "Do you suspect anybody?" "I have ho idea as to who got the money." "Do you think it was stolen by someone from another class?" "I don't think so." "Why?" "Because pupils from other classes do not come into our room. Miss Cruz does not allow them unless she is present." "Then one of your classmates got it." "I am sure of that although I cannot point to any particular pupil." "Miss Cruz," the principal said addressing the teacher, "I shall come back ~.fter the last period. Please don't let anybody out until I come." The principal went out of the room and the teacher went on with the interrupted recitation. As soon as the principal came to the Fifth Grade -1 Class, he told the teacher that he wanted to see Joe in the office. A few minutes later Joe and the principal were seated in the latter's office. The office was a narrow room adjoining the library which was vacant in the afternoon during recitation periods. "What do you think of that, Joe?" the principal asked after he had told the iittle detective the story of the loss of the money and the result of his investigation. "I suspect someone," Joe said. "I noticed his strange behavior while the pupils were on their lines this afternoon." "Who is he?" the principal asked. "I can't tell you now but you will know who he is before you go home this afternoon," Joe assured the principal. "I shall come back after class so that we shall make the final investigation. Please tell the teacher not to dismiss the class until we come and not to allow anybody to go out before that time." "I have already told her that," was the quick reply. "Please send a note to Mr. Torres asking him to excuse Rod and me," Joe requested. "I should like. to do something in the shop and I need Rod to help me." (Please tu1'11 to vaoe 26l) 236 THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 19.17 READING TIME FOR YOUNG FOLKS Josefina And Her School Work Miss ELISA MARQUEZ * JOSEFINA was in deep thought as she sat alone in the sala of their small house. Her books were on the table just in front of her. Her mind was so absorbed that her mother who came from the adjoining room was able to approach her without her knowledge. Seeing the condition of Josefina, the mother put her hand lightly on her daughter's shoulder and inquired, "Are you sick, Fina? Tell Mother what she ·can do for you." Josefina gave a start and buried her face in her hands. She sobbed very much. "What ails you, dear? Are you sick? It is not like my daughter to be hiding things from Mother. Come and tell me the trouble," comforted the mother. "Mother," Josefina began, "please let *Teacher, San Miguel Elementary School, Manila. me leave school. Let me just stay at home to help you." "Why, Fina?" asked the mother. "I never thought you would hate· studying." "But, Mother, I think I shall not pass the course. I feel that our work in school is really getting harder. I am afraid to fail. My classmates shall tease me," explained Josefina. "Don't get discouraged," consoled the . motlier. "You are still very young and have the time to spare. Don't be afraid to struggle. Not everybody is born intelligent but always remember that in this world, nothing is impossible. Work more, study harder, and you will find that in the long run success will be yours, too. "I do not want to struggle," revolted Josefina. "There is no use, Mother, I fhall surely fail." "Fail? To fail will not harm you. If this is the way ycu feel, I think I really should be than'.<ful of your failure in school work. I would feel it more if I see that you pass now and then fail to solve your own problems in life later." "Oh, Mother, you are cruel," protested Josefina. "Not in the least, Fina. You must understand my point. In this world there is no true gain unless you have the pain to get it. Bear in mind that the sweetest victory is that one which is gained after a hard battle is fought." S1·11rcml1er, 1937 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 237 The Spider And The Ant LORETO PARAS-SULIT A strong· wind blew a poor, tiny "Very well," agreed the spider and ant into the web of a big, black he showed the ant how to get out of his spider. web. · "Ho-ho-ho," the fat spider laughed wickedly. "Now, my busy ant, you will rest forever in my stomach." The little red ant trembled in fear. "Please, kind sir, spare me," it begged for its life. "If you can give me two ants in exchange of yourself, I will let you go," said the spider, trying to be kind for once in his life. "Yes, sir," answered the tiny ant, "If you will let me go, I shall drop a grain of sugar near your web. That will attract many ants to your home and you can pounce on all of them." "Then, what do you want me to do, Mother'!" asked Josefina who was beginning to see her mother's point. "I want you to change your mind about studying. Study more diligently and don't be afraid to struggle. If after you have struggled, still you fail, then don't give up. Try again," advised the mother. Pick out the correct answers: 1. Josefina's mother taught her to be (kind, persevering, down-hearted). 2. "There is no gain without pain" mean: (a) Sell the goods at a high price. (b) He who does not work shall not eat. ( c) Be kind to others. The ant dropped the grain of sugar near the web as he had promised. Soon many ants were gathered about the spot. 'l"he spider watched carefully for his opportunity. Then without warning it descended upon the numerous ants. Alas, for the spider! The ants suddenly swarmed over his fat black body. More and more ants came to help their brothers. The tiny ant watching near.by saw the spider being conquered. "His greed caused his death," the ant said. 238 THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, l 9.i7 The Story Of Ginger By B. HILL CANOVA Dear Young Citizens: Come gather around and I will tell you the true story of my life. I am a little yellow cat and my name is Ginger. I have not had a very long life, but it has been rather interesting considering that I am a cat. When I was born I was so very, very younl: that I do not remember the place or the time. The first thing I can remember, about my life is one morning : I· was walking along on the wet pavement in the town plaza of J aro, Iloilo. ··A light rain was falling, the wind was · blowing and I was so cold. Not know-ing what else to do. I crouched down in the shrubbery. I was too hungry to be able to think very, well. I do not know Jtow !Ong I sat there shaking and shiver"Here," offered the tall lady, "take my handkerchief and wrap it up." I was so tiny then that the handkerchief was large enough to wrap me in. The short lady put the handkerchief around me snugly. "Will you carry this?" she asked the tall lady as she took something out of a small paper bag. The tall lady took the article and the short lady put me in the bag. "Now," she said, "the wind can't blow on the little wet thing." She left my nose, ears and eyes poking out of the bag so I could get plenty of air. She held me close to her and it felt mightly nice to be carried in a paper bag by a kind lady right through the plaza of my home town on a rainy day. I didn't say a word. I only sat still thinking how nice to be getting warm. ing. . . A warm place means a lot to kittens . . Presently I heard somethmg gomg, · "We must hurry home" suggested the ''\~p,. tap; tap:." . I looked 1:1P and t~o tall lady, "and give th~ little creature ladies were hurrl(!ng.along m the ram. • m f d H · ta i shall I all When I saw them J thought, "It must l~?"e 00 · ere is a x ' c be nice to be !~dies and have some placP. "Yes," agreed the short lady. Then . ~~n!~~m!~ ~::;r~a:!tt:,~;h a n~o;~~~tt!: ~he spoke to me, "Yes, little kitty-cat, you shall have something to. eat soon. gp." Although I was ever so weak You are just skin and bones. The taxi ffom hunger I managed to trot right to will take us quickly." them and give a few· faint meows. "A taxi," I thought, but really I didn't "You poor little thing!" both ladies think about the taxi very much for I was exclaimed. (One of these ladies was too busy thinking of the food the two short and one was tall so I will speak ladies had mentioned. Now that it is of them as the short lady and the tall all over I wonder how many cats have lady.) Thi; short lady stooped and ridden in a taxi. scooped me up in one hand. When we reached the home of the tall "Look how thin and sick it is. It is lady I heard dogs barking. I crouched cold too," she said. as low as I could in my paper bag and S<"pt.cmbc1·, 1937 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 239 the lady held me close to her and spoke kindly so I did not feel afraid. The short lady was visiting the tall one and they both went into her house. As they went up the stairs the husband of the tall lady asked, "What is that in that bag?" "Some fresh meat," laughed his wife. "No, just a bundle of bones," corrected the short lady. I did not mind them making jokes about me for l could tell that they were going to be good to me. They took me he becomes accustomed to food," suggested the tall lady. "That is right," said the other lady, "Now, little kitty, you must take a nice long sleep here by the kitchen stove." She made a little bed for me with an old towel. I do not know how long I slept. The next thing I remember I was stretching and yawning on the little bed. When I opened my eyes there the short lady was bending over me. "Yes, you tiny little thing, ~ou slept . like a top. How about something more to eat?" to the back porch and quickly warmed a bowl of milk for me. Then they gave me a small fish. I did GINGER "Well, I was still hungry and something to eat sounded good to me. This not like to eat so greedily but I was so hungry that in just no time I had lapped all the milk and gobbled down the fish. The place looked so strange to me but I felt ever so much better than I had felt when I crouched in the shrubbery in the plaza. "The little dear is still hungry," said ,_t,he short lady. "Since he has been without food for so long I think it is not wise to give him too much at first. Suppose we give him a small amount every two hours until time she gave a bowl of rice and milk with a little sugar on it. This was so good and made me feel stronger but still I had no interest in playing. I just sat under the stove blinking at the cook as he went about his work. After a little the short lady came with a basin of boric-acid solution and small pieces of cotton. She washed my face, particularly my eyes and ears. I was still too weak from hunger to think about my looks. I did not feel like· squirming to get away when the lady washed my face. (Pleas<' h!l"tl to l'agc 259) 240 THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 1937 THE GOOD READERS' CORNER Conducted by Miss DOLORES SILOS GRADE ONE 1. What can a bird do? A bird can ---. 2. What can a horse do? A horse can ---. 3. What can a cat do? A cat· can ---. 4. What can a dog do? A dog can ---. GRADE TWO 1. Who is stronger? (girl-boy) 2. Which is cleaner? (garbage canwater can) 3. What is better? (to work-to sing) 4. Which is nicer? (flower-leaves) 5. Which is bigger? (carabao-flyl GRADE THREE Tell about the shape of the following: An orange - - - Anegg--Atable--A banana--GRADE FOUR If the words of a pair mean the same, draw a line under "same." If they mean the opposite or nearly the opposite; draw a line under "opposite." 1. neat-clean (same--opposite) 2. soiled-dirty (same-opposite) 3. quiet-noisy (same-opposite) 4. above-below (same-opposite) 5. unhappy-sad (same-opposite) 6. strong-healthy (same-opposite) GRADE FIVE FOLLOWING DIRECTIONS Can you do these? 1. Draw a nest in the tree. 2. Put a leaf in the bill of the bird. September, 1931 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 241 3. Put two leaves on the flower. arm. 4. Hang an umbrella on the girl's . 5. Put some flowers in the basket. .GRADE SIX CLASSIFYING WORD PUZZLE GRADE SEVEN GUESS Directions: Fill the blanks with the 1. Write these names on your paper: correct words. Sample: An automobile has f.our wheel8. Living Room Bedroom Dining Room 2. Write these words under the name to which they belong. Samples: Living Room Bedroom Dining Room piano bed plate Begin here: Words-radio, glasses, plates, dressing table, flower vases, jar, dresses, armchair, cups, pitchers, phonograph, bowls, piano, wardrobe, knives, fruit comb, magazines, newspapers, rice, books, gowns, pins, saucers, fish, meat, album, pillow, blanket. Begin here: 1. A bird has two legs and two --. 2. A cow has two white --. 3. A clock has a face and two --. 4. A cat has a long --. 5. A carabao has two --. 6. A heron has a long neck and a long--. 7. A rooster has a big -- on its head. 9. An owl has two big --. 9. A bookcase has many --. 10. A clown has a funny face --. (Please turn to page 148 for the answers) 242 THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 1937 Learning New Expressions LORETO PARAS-SULIT Read the story below. Have you ever the paragraph aloud, emphasize carefulhad a similar ~xperience? As you read ly the italicized expressions. A RAINY AFTERNOON One afternoon the sky suddenly dark- (b) Check the group of words that ened and then it rained in torrents. tell about the things that happened that The canals on the sides of our road were rainy afternoon_ t-urned intq small, swift rivers. I took my hat and raincoat, put on my rubber boots and went out to enjoy a wetting. The rain beat down upon me heavily but I did not heed it. I splashed about in · the water and shouted with great glee. (a) Answer the following questions using the italicized expressions: 1. How did the sky change? 2. How did the rain fall? 3. What did I do before I went out in the rain? 4. What did the rain do to me? 5. How did I act in the rain? 1. The sky suddenly darkened. 2. The thunder roare!l. 3. It rained in torrents. 4. The sun hid itself. 5. The road was dry. 6. I splashed about in the water. 7. I put my rubber boots on. 8. I took my sweater and umbrella. 9. I shouted with glee. 10. A rainbow came out. Now can you describe an experience you have had with the rain? (Please turn to page !55 fo1· the anBWtWB) September, 1937 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 243 MEMORIZE A POEM A MONTH Do you ever hear people say, "That is just a little thing"? Think of little things around you that are beautiful. Read the poem and see what little things are named. Which are the dearest things on earth? LITTLE THINGS When God makes a lovely thing, The dearest and completest, He makes it little don't you know? For little things are sweetest. Little flowers, little birds, Little diamonds, little pearls; But the dearest things on earth Are little boys and girls. After reading the poem several times, be able to fill the blanks : When God makes a --- thing, The --- and completest, He makes it --- don't you know? For little things are ---. Little ---, little ---, Little---, little---; ' But the dearest things on ---. Are little --- and ---. Fill in the missing lines: .When God makes a lovely thing, The---------~ He makes it little, don't you know? For-----------, Little flowers, little birds, But the dearest things on earth Are ----------Now you should be able to recite the entire poem from memory. You may recite it in class in connection with your "Child Health Day" program. 244 THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 1937 CHARACTER EDUCATION SECTION Glass In The Road By B. HILL CANOVA MISS ABELLO · lived a good distance from the barrio where she taught. She was glad of this because she enjoyed the walk to school in the mornings. She liked to watch the growth of the rice fields from week to week. It was interesting to pass the same banana tree every morning and study the ripening fruit. The sunshine and cool breeze seemed to give her an appreciation of the world about her. One morning as she went along the road, thinking what pleasant day it was, she noticed three of her pupils a short distance ahead of her. The three boys, Andres, Vicente, and Tomas, were talking and laughing. Suddenly she saw Vicente pick something up from the road and place it by a fence post. The other two boys went on and Vicente soon overtook them. Miss Abello wondered what he had put by the post. When the bell rang and the children marched into the school room Miss Abello greeted them with, "Good morning, children. Isn't this a wonderful day?" "Good morning, Miss Abello," the children replied, "Yes, it is a nice day." · "Suppose," suggested Miss Abello, "that we each tell what we saw on the way to school and we will know who had the most interesting walk to school." The children liked the idea and Luz offered to be the first to tell what she had seen. "Very well, Luz, you may talk first. Tell us what you saw that interested you." "I saw my auntie and her little baby. 'fhey were going to our house to see my mother. I hope they will stay at our house until I get home this afternoon." "I hope they do too," said Miss Abella. "Pedro what did you see?" "I saw some people taking some chickens and eggs to the market. I told September, 1fJ81 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 245 them that my mother wanted to buy some eggs today and told them how to find our house." "That is good. Perhaps you helped the people and your mother too." Jose was anxious to tell of what he had seen. "I saw our neighbors harvesting their rice. As soon as I get home from school this afternoon I am going to help them. We get a share of all we gather." Several of the children told of intere8ting things. that had happened during their walk to school. Miss Abello asked, "Vicente what did you see?" "A broken bottle," was Vicente's brief reply. Some of the children laughed and wondered what could be interesting about a broken bottle .. "Just how did the broken bottle interest you?" asked Miss Abello. "It frightened me." "You do not mean that you are afraid of a broken bottle?" Some of the children smiled again at Vicente's answer. "No, Miss Abello, I am not afraid of a broken bottle, but it frightened me to see it in the road because I thought of what harm it could do. If some one without shoes should step on it they might get a serious injury from it. Also a horse or carabao could be badly hurt by it. Too, a piece of glass could ruin the tire of a car and cause an accident." Miss Abello and all of the children, except Tomas, listened gravely at what Vicente had said. Tomas still smiled and said, "I always wear shoes when I walk on the road and we have no car. I saw the bottle but did not see why I should bother to move it." Vicente stood up quickly and asked permission to talk again. Miss Abello nodded permission. He turned toward Tomas and explained, "Some of your friends have cars. Many of the poor people have to walk on the road without shoes. Many animals have to pass the road. Do you care nothing for your friends, the poor people or the faithful animals?" "Oh, I did not think of all of that. I saw you move the bottle, ·but I did not think why you did it. I am sorry I laughed at what you said. You are more thoughtful than I." "It seems to me," said Miss Abello, "that Vicente has taught us a very fine lesson this morning. In fact, I think he has given us two lessons,-one in thoughtfulness and one in safety." 246 Ptec11 or paper to dh'ld.e the eand and lo ... THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 1931 THINGS TO DO WATCH THE ROOTS By B. HILL CANOVA Lo•in. and •and Loam Soil Did you ever watch roots grow? exactly the width of the third glass and Perhaps you think, "The roots are in a little taller than the glass. Stand this the ground, how can we watch them piece of paper in the middle of the third grow?" Well, it is very easy and you . glass. Fill the glass on one side of the will be surprised to find how interesting paper with sandy soil and on the other roots are. This is one way to study side with loam soil. roots: Get three glasses (old cracked Examine your grains of corn and glasses will serve the purpose as well as make sure that they are good firm good glasses, or glass bottles with wide grains. Insert a knife in the glass bemouths will do), a piece of paper, about tween the glass and the soil. Push the three handfuls of sandy soil, and three soil back just enough to drop a grain of handfuls of loam soil, and three grains corn in against the side of the glass, reof corn. move the knife carefully. In the glass Now you are ready to start. Fill one that has both sand and .1011m place the glass _with sandy: soil. Fill one glass corn in such a way that one half of the with· loam soil. Cut a piece of paper grain will be in the sand .and one half September, 1987 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 247 of the grain in the loam. Each grain Write down the date of planting, and should be about two inches from the top put down the date each time you look at of the soil. Put enough water in each the glasses and a few remarks on each glass to make the soil moist. Wrap a grain. You might also keep a record of dark piece of paper or cloth around the just how much water you put on the soil outside of each glass. Place the glasses and how often you watered. iu a place that will get the morning and You will be surprised at how many afternoon sun. It is best that the mid- roots one grain of corn can send out. day sun does not shine on them. You will be surprised at how fine and Keep the .soil moist and about every delicate some of them are. If you get three days remove the dark cloth and two or three of your friends to make tnke a look at your grain of corn. Es- this experiment at the same time you pecially notice the grain in the glass make it and then each of you visit the with the two kinds of soil. Note on ·"experiment station" of the others, and which side of the glass the roots seem to see who gets the best results, you will grow the better. find that three grains of corn can teach It will be more interesting if you keep you some things you did not know bea record of how each grain grows. fore. Try it for yourself. KIKO'S ADVENTURES 248 THE YOUNG CITIZEN Septembsr, 1937 ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS ON PAGES 240-241 boy GRADE I fly neigh pur bark GRADE II water can to sing leaves carabao GRADE III round oval square loi:ig GRADE IV same same opposite opposite same ~ame GRADE V Living Room radio flower vase armchair phonograph piano magazines newspapers books album GRADE VI Bedroom Dining Room dressing table glasses dresses piates wardrobe jar comb gowns pins pillow blanket cups pitchers bowls cups knives fruit rice meat saucers fish GRADE VII 1. A bird has two legs and two wings. 2. A cow has two white horns. 3. A clock has a face and two hands. 4. A cat has a long tail. 5. A carabao has two horns. 6. A heron has a long neck and a long bill. 7. A rooster has a big comb on its head. 8. An owl has two big eyes. 9. A bookcase has many books. 10. A clown has a funny face. September, 1931 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 249 Word3 by CABOLYN BAILEY The Clock Music by I. ALFlNSO I f) & ;J I J J J I J J J I J H J J I J '( I His tac:e 1<> so so - lemn 1:1nd round as · 'fl moon e:: Why one 1s so short. and the olh-er so ·lonsa_ l@~JI J J J l·J J JI rjj~"I And. Oh, so e>< - cefZ.d1n~- ly neet I Aod ooe ~ mo"• f•.C '"d oo• •I~ I (~ ~ oJ II= ~ ~ " I J J " 1 • ~ < I~ ~ ¥I Tic!\- toci<. 1 T1ck-tod' .1 Tick-tocfJ Tick-toe!\ I Jj;:J '(I the clock ~ ,. I ~ Tick-tock! Tick ·tocl\/ J Tick -t:ock Tick -tocl\ 250 THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 1937 ELEMENTARY SCIENCE SECTION THIS EARTH OF OURS WHAT IS SOIL? Last month we learned that the earth is continually changing, chat parts of it are transferred to other places, or are broken into smaller, finer pieces with the help of wind, rivers. and p!Jnts and animals. By means of these actions which are called weathering and erosion soi! is formed. Let us now see how soil is formed from rocks. If we exanline a big piece of rock. we usually find no soil on it. But during the rainy season very tiny plants called lichens manage to grow HOMES IN THE ANIMAL KINGDOM THE DEN OF A BUMBLEBEE Wherever there are flowers, you will sec a bumblebee gathering pollen and honey from the blossoms. She is larger than the honeybee: she is dressed in black with yellow trimmings, furrylooking or velvety. If you live where you can ·take a walk across the field or along the edge of : the woods you may see her flying very slowly. ·on its surface. During this growth the plants humming a tune with her wings. It will be a dissolve a little of the surface of the rock so that when the masses of the plant fall from the rock, s0me rock particles fall from it. More water faHs. more plants grow, and more and more soil material is built up. These may be carried by rivers or even rain water and the soil is carried to other places. When det>p beds of rock soil have been formed, these are enriched by fine sand, dust or clay blown by the wind. In addition to rock particles the soil contains humus which is the decayed bodies of animals and plants. All kinds of soil contain water in different amounts. When soil is composed of finely divided particles a film of water covers each particle. These fit together and form tiny canals (Please ttn·n to page 26.'J) lcw tune her house-hunting song. You know that different people like different kinds of houses. Animals also choose different kinds of homes. Some cave dwellers live in damp dens as you have read about the earthworm. Some prefer dry ones. Some like them in the shade. Some would rather have them in sunny places. Where would you like your home to be? It so happens that the bumblebee and the field mouse like exactly the same sort of cave. A den is a cave. This is very pleasant for the bumblebee for all she needs when she goes househunting is to find a vacant den that a field mouse September, 198'1 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 251 has left. That is what suits her best of all. Sh€' may have to do a little house cleaning, but the chances are that the furniture suits her very wdl as it is. The nest of dry grass tbat the field mouse made is good enough for her use. When the bumblebee has chosen her den, she gathers some pollen. and a little nectar from"" spring flowers. With this she makes her first loaf of bee-bread. She does not eat it herself, hq.t places it in the nest in her den and lays a few eggs on the loaf. She broods her eggs like a mother bird. covering them over with her body. When the eggs hatch, their mother goes out to fetch much polkn and nectar to mix for their food. When the bee babies grow up. they help take care of thei'r baby sisters. ··All the children of the queen bumblebee arc workers until late in the summer when there arc some diffenmt kinds of 'children that grow up in the den. Some of these different ones are sons who go by the nam€' of drones, and some are daughters who are called young queens. Neither the drones nor the young queens work in their mother's home. The young queen sips what nectar she needs from flowers and she helps herself from the honey she finds in the den. After a while she takes a nap. It is a long one. It lasts from August until April or May. When she is ready for this nap. she goes away quite by herself. She finds a place along a sandy well-drained bank and there digs a tiny den. On the sandy floor of that wee bedworm she lies, cozy and quiet, a little sleeping beauty waiting for the kiss of the spring to waken her and send her humming on her way while she hunts a bigger den in which to bring up her family. Are not insects among the busiest creatures on earth? PLANTS ABOUT US THE FOREST OFFERS YOU PILI NUTS Every Christmas there is present at our tables a very welcome sight,-pili nuts. How we all love them. And how we have nearly broken our teeth trying tb crack them, finally giving it up in favor of the more successful method of ·breaking it between a door"s hinges. What a sad end for the pili nut that has traveled many miles from a far. wet forest to reach your table. The pili nut is one of the natural -products or the Philippines. It is found in the forests in the Bicol region. in Mindoro, Tayabas. and Mindanao. It is a valuable food, either raw or cooked. It contains an oil which is pleasant in taste. It is also rich in protein. a food found in meat. So it is worth all our troubles of C!acking it. The pili nut ma..y also be made into. candy. In regions where the pili grows it can also beuscd as a shade tree. It is a beautiful tree. It grows to a reasonable height and produces leaves all the year round. It is strong, it lives long. and it is seldom uprooted. Pili nuts are in season from the month of May to October. When the ·fruits are to be picked, they are cut off from the branches. Sc.metimes when the tree is low, a bamboo. (Please turn to page 268) 252 THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 1987 Fleas As Household Pests We all like to have dogs and cats at home as pets. But sometimes they may keep in their bodies tiny creatures that may harm members of the family. These are fleas that live on and suck the blood of animals. They transfer human diseases from lower animals. The fleas may leave the dog or cat arid go to the persons living in the house and try to suck blood from them. There are several kinds of fleas. One kind lives on rats. If the rat dies the flea has to find some other animal from which it may suck blood for food. When the fleas are thus forced to leave the rat they are not always able to find another rat so sometimes they get on persons and .mmetimes they carry from the rat to the per.'ion a very dangerous disease called bubonic plague. So when a rat is killed in your home either by your cat or by yourself. it should be buried or burned immediately before any of the fleas leave it, for the fleas will not stay on a dead rat. Fleas ·may lay their eggs on the hair of animals, or they may lay them in cracks of the floor or in corners of th~ house where dirt has gathered. When the eggs are laid on the hair of the animals they soon drop off since they are not glued to the hair as the eggs of lice are. In this way the eggs are scattered over the holise and sw~pt into cracks and corners. They are also found on th.: floor where the dog or cat often lies. Unltss disturb~d the eggs stay there until they hotch. When we have dogs or cats about the house, we should often spray the floor with kerosene or boiling water to kill the fleas that may have been dropped by them. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Interesting Places WATER FLOWERS FORTUNATO ASUNCION* Standing at the end of the road several meters from a fair-sized cylindrical reservoir, and which in fact is the edge of a hill. one's self will be filled with delight at the beautiful view below. f-cllow the water bed from the extreme left to the extreme right with your eyes, and your gaze will be met by a low-roofed concrete building. This is the filter house of the now famous Balara Filter Plant. After the water leaves this place, it is much purer and safer, the people there claim. From the middle of an ascending road. near "' Teacher, R i z a I Elementar:r School. the filter house. can be seen the beautiful water flowers. They look so pure and are indeed very <'::tractive. Arranged in several straight rows, blooming in crystalline purity. holding up their heads as if to catch thl" gentle dewdrops from th• blue sky. they sparkle in all their freshneSI.. They never wither, nor do their color fade. They are not fragrant for they are only water that assumes the shape of flowers. This flower-like water comes from a huge black pipe to which are joined several small tubes -so constructed that the water coming out resembles the morning glory flower-not in color, though, but in appearance. September, 1917 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 253 SAFETY SECTION Stealing Rides (A True Storv) By QUIRICO A. CRUZ Ricardo .md Jose are brothers. Both are in the fifth grade and are in the same section. One Monday morning they ate their breakfast a little later than usual and so they had to hurry to school. "Walk a little bit faster," said Ricardo to his younger brother, Jose. "We might be late." Without safing anything, Jose walked faster and kept pace with his brother. Just then. a Halili truck slowly passed by. "Come, let us steal a ride. This truck will pass by our school," Ricardo said to his brother a5 he began chasing the truck. "No, I'm afraid." protested Jose. "All right, if you wan~ to be late, you may go on. I must have this ride," and with a jump and a swing, he was there on the step-board at the end of the truck, holding on a small iron bar. Jose was left behind. He walked on and on and after several minutes he reached the school in time. "Where is your brother, Jose t' asked Mr. Nils when he saw Ricardo's seat vacant. "Is he sick?" "No, sir," replied Jose. "Where is he then?" Jose could not answer at once. He told Mr. Nils what Ricardo did in his effort to come to school on time. "Something might have hclppened to him." Jose said to himself. He was very much alarmed. Horrible thoughts clouded his mind. bid h'e meet an accident? Was he carried to a distant place unfamiliar to him? Where could he be then? The whole morning passed. Ricardo did not <:ppear in school. Jose hurried home to sec if he was there. To his amazement he did not find Ricardo in any of the places where he used to play when out of school. He was not in the s~ving: he was not in the see-saw: he was not in their neighbor's yard. Jose's heart seemed to have jumped to his tluoat. The thought of Ricardo's meeting an Mcident made him run frantically up their house to report the case to his parents. "Father," he said as soon as he was up. "Haven't you seen ?" Jose. did not finish what he was about to ask. In bed, he saw Ricardo lying very straight. His left leg was carefully bandaged. His left cheek was slightly bruised. "There he is. Jose. He told me everything. I am glad you did not follow him. His thighbone is fractured and he has to undergo a painful and dangerous operation. He will be taken to the hospital at once," said tlie father. Jose stood motionless by the bedside. What, if he, too, stole that ride? He shuddered at the thought of it. 254 THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 1937 HEAL TH SECTION ANTONIO By B. HILL CANOVA Once Antonio read in a book "All work and no play, .makes Jack a d,ull boy." Now this put _ the boy to thinking. He asked his mother. ··If all work and no pla}'. makes Jack a dull bo}'; will all play and no work make a dull boy, too?" "To be healthy and happy every one should have a program with work and play in it." ad\'ised his mother. So it is, our litcle friend Antonio working away in the garden. His appetite for fresh vegetables. too. makes him enjoy gardening. What motto put Antonio to thinking? How did he change the saying? Say ir. Give two reasons why he enjoys gardening. Do you hlve an appetite for vegetables? Name other things for which you have an appetite. A Doctor's St~ry MISS ELISA MARQUEZ * Ben had been sick in bed for more than two weeks. He was at first a victim of typhoid fever but complications had set in and his condition proved se riou~. Days passed. With the careful vigilance of Ben's mother and the careful treatment· of the doctor. the boy's condition greatly improved. The doctor declared that Ben was already ouc of danger but of course should be careful not to gee a relapse. He was to stay in bed for ~bout two weeks more. One morning as Ben was being examined by the doctor. he asked in a faint voice," Doctor. shall I never get well? I have stayed in i.his bed for ever so long · and I am getting tired." · "Have patience, my boy," consoled the doctor as he held Ben's hands. "Your mother and I <'!re trying hard to make you well. Remember, however, that our effort would prove in vain unless you help us. " "Help you? What do }'OU mean. Doctor?" ~sked Ben. "Well. B~n. you remind me of a story I once rCad in a magazine," responded the doctor. "What is the story about? Please tell it. Doctor," begged Ben . .. The story is short and I chink I'll tell it. " and the doctor released Ben's hands. His mother sat on a chair near the bed. ·~A iittle boy, probably as young as you. once fc:!l into a great subway in New Yor~ ... began the doctor. "He was badly bruised and was taken to a near-by hospital. Upon reaching the hospital. the doctor began to examine the boy. The boy's face twitched with pain. He ,drew > long, deep breath and said. 'I wish I <ould :>mg. " 'If you think you can sing, then you may.' said the doctor. "Before the doctor had fully finished his senunce. t.he boy began to sing. The boy's voice was so sweet and brave and when the song came •Teacher, San Miguel Elementary School, Manila. September, 1937 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 255 to an end che listeners applauded. The doctor continued with his examination. The boy was suffering greatly as shown by the wincing of his body hue soon he sang again. The nurses and attendants who heard the sweet child's voice gathered to hear the song. Through all the pains and sufferings from the examination. the boy's voice never faltered. "At last the doctor was through with the examination and he announced. 'Little man, I can't find any broken bones in you. You will !l.oon be all right.' ·"To this the boy answered. 'I guess it was thE' singing that saved me. I always sing when I frel bad.' " ""How courageous!" admired Ben whm the doctor \vas through. "Yes, it was the boy's courage that saved him and it is your courage and cheerfulness that will help us," explained Ben's doctor. ··If that boy can sing in spite of his pains, then I can be cheerful and patiently wait until I can at last enjoy the out-of-doors with Mother and my friends.'; said Ben as a· new light sparkled ir. his eyes. . , · "That is the boy and. if you will do as you s<iy. then your stay in bed will be shorter," encouraged thl? doctor. '"How delightful~ I think your story has helped me much. I am already feeling better.'' SOMETHING TO THINK ABOUT 1. How did Ben feel before the doctor's story was told? 2. Why did the boy in the doctor's story sing? 3. What effect had the story on Ben's attitude? FAIR FILIPINAS 'Neath the skies bright cerulean hue, Rose .our fair native land; Wich people ever brave and ~rue. Ever active to fight the foe. Rare pearls in here we find, Nestled beneath the deeP blue sea. On sunny spots and luxuriant lea Busy workers. we everyday see. Filipinas fair! Proud must you be For you're rich in Nature's bounty; Richer still in dutiful men, You can compare with any land. ELISA MARQUEZ KEY TO ANSWERS From page 242 (a) 1. The sky suddenly darkened. 2. In torrents 3. I took my hat and raincoat and put on my rubber boots. 4. It beat upon me. 5. I splashed about in the water; I shouted with great glee. (b) 1; 3; 6; 7; 9. 256 THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 1117 DRAWING LESSONS FOR LITTLE ARTISTS Try this Cut-Out September, 1991 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 257 AMONG THE BOY SCOUTSBy Ricardo de la Cruz" A Scout Is Brave "He has the courage to face danger in spite of har. and to stand up for the right against the coaxings of friends or the jeers and threats of enemies. Defeat does not doUJn him." Recently, a number of Boy Scout heroes were .-..warded medals of heroism, in token of recognition for their •undaunted courage to risk their own lives for the sake of others. John Noble, formerly a Tenderfoot Scout of Troop 70, Manila, was awarded a Silver Life Saving Medal for saving the life of his father. who was nearly drowned in Manila Bay after their sailboat capsized on January 30, 1937. Lone Scout Clarencio Lelis, a Tenderfoot Scout from Tribe l 0. Gub.at. Sorsogon. received a Bronze Life Saving Medal for saving Antonio Enaje from drowning in the ocean. on February 6. 1917. First Class Scout Eladio Montilla of Troop 529. Jaro. Leyte, received a Bronze Life Saving Medal for saving Gregorio Quilaquil from drowning in the Cabayongon River on April 22, 1936. The victim was unconscious when the rescuer re~ched the shore and the Schaeffer method of artificial respiration was applied. These boys deserve the warm congratulations of every brother scout. They are brave lads. In accomplishing what they have done, they risked their very lives. River accidents do not occur everyday, however, and a thoughtful Scout might want to know how he can be brave always. and thus live to the tenth point of the Scout Law, even if he fails to receive the honor of being awarded a medal for heroism. Bravery does not lie merely in such eloquent demonstrations as daring rescues and courageous attempts to preserve human life. Bravery is of • Publicity l\fonager, Philippine Council, B. S. A. two kinds. and one of them.-although the less sensational, perhaps.-is the more heroic of the two--moral bravery. Moral courage is the fortitude to resist tempt~tions and wrong inclinations. Hardly an hour passes when a man is not assailed by evil thoughts almost on every side of him. As Scouts, we are taught to be brave,-not only to risk our lives and personal safety for others, but also to fi~ht off the daily tempJ:ations that attack us. Have you ever experienced sitting in a class1oom during an examination, with beads of perspiration on your brow. and the realization that without outside help. you will not get a passing mark? Have you ever felt that urge to glance at your seatmate's paper and se~ his answers? Then those are the times when your moral bravery is being put to a test. The more will it be of a test when your seatmate happens to be a "kind" one, and offers to help you voluntarily. Will you accept his help and thus pass in the examination ( Or wilt you thirik seriously over such an act and resolve to fight the temptation off. come what may in the f1:1ture? Accept his help, and you pass; refuse it, and you fail. Havr you the courage to face failure? Have you that spirit of justice which tells you not to copy your neighbor's answers, since it is your oWn fault that you yourself, do not know th~ answers to the questions? If you have that spirit.-then you are a real Scout, for you are morally brave. A very excellent display of moral courage. ] beheld one rainy Sunday afternoon. inside a Japanese refreshment parlor a block away from our Troop meeting room. I was seated in one corner of the parlor, and the door being shut to prevent the rntrancr of the rain (it was raining very hard), it was quitr dark inside. The electric bulb in the center was (PleaBe turn to page SB.!) 258 THE YOUNG CITIZEN September, 19.?i MOTHERS' GUIDE IN CARE OF CHILDREN Jht !loung titiitn PANTRY MORE ABOUT DESSERTS GULAMAN CUSTARD bundle ~ulaman coconuts eggs k sugar large can evaporat~d milk 4 tsps. achuete juice or any desired coloring Break the coconut. g~ate the meat and extract 9 cups coconut milk. Remove I cup of sugar from the 1 kilo. and put in the rest . in the coconut milk. Add the achuete juice and boil. Put in the gulaman stirring frequently until it is dissolved. Beat the eggs well and add the evaporated milk. Pour into the boiling gulaman, stirring all the while to prevent the egg from curdling. Boil and remove from the fire. Boil the reserved I cup of sugar with Vz cup of water. Line the jelley i:noulds and custard moulders (lanera) with this. Pour in the gulaman mixture and leave aside to set. Remove from the moulder and serve. "' Teacher of Home Economics, Emilie Jacinto Elementary School. (Continued From thf! previous Stick a toothpick thru the mixissue) BY tun:. If nothing sticks to it. the cu~tard is done. Remove from the moulders and serve MISS JULIANA MILLAN * cold. CUSTARD (J.,ECHE FLAN) 12 egg yokes large can milk 1 ~1 c sugar Beat the egg yoke. Put in th< milk and add the sugar. If desired. grated lemon rind ( dayap) may be added for flavoring. Get Yi cup sugar and ~·~ cup water. Boil until big bubbles are formed. Line the custard moulders (lanera) with this and put in the mixture. Put the moulders in an empty frying pan and put water enough to reach half-way of the mouldU. Cover the moulder with a clean piece of petroleum can. Heat the mixture. When the mixture hardens a little. transfer live charcoals to the top of the petroleum can. GULAMAN bundle gulaman c water !4 k sugar Boil the water< Put in the gulaman. When dissolved, add the sugar. If desired add a few "pandan" leaves for flavoring. Strain into moulders and set aside to cool. Remove from the moulders and serve. Fresh fruit. like · lacaran banana. chico, and mango may be pared, sliced and· put in the moulder before pouring the mixture. Canned fruits too. like? pineapple, peaches, pears may be added in ~ like manner. Fresh and ca~ned fruits may be mixed together in the same moulder also. In such cases we shall have Fruit Gulaman. September, 1937 THE STORY OF GINGER (Continued from page f!39) "There," she said, "that makes you look better, even if you don't like ic.·· Several times during the day someone gave me more milk and a little fish. That night I was given a soft bed in a box. As far as I know that was the first bed I had ever had. I can - not remf.mber where I had spent the nights before the two ladies picked me up in the Plaza. The next day the Sun was shining so I was taken out for a sun bath. In the garden I saw several cats. They belonged to the tall lady. I am sure they had never been hungry in their lives. They were so fat and full of play. A mother cat was giving one of her kittens a bath. I wanted to go near and play with the kitten but I was so shy that I only crouched by a tree. What else do you suppose that I .saw in that garden with the cats? You may be surprised when I tell you that there was a nice brown dog romping and playing With che cats. He played with them as if he was THE YOUNG CITIZEN their big brother. Did you ever know of a dog with such lovely manners? During the second day I was fed several times and allowed to sleep by the stove. That afternoon the short lady came into the kitchen and picked me up saying. "You are just a handful of cat. Would you like co go home with me? I have a little boy, Tino. who would be so pleased to have a linle might like you. He is a kind lad and I think you will like him." I was not anxious to leave che house of the tall lady. cl.id not think any house could have so much food and ·good cheer. However. the short lady bundled me up in. her a;rms, she and the call lady got into a car. and off co the wharfs w.: went. This was my second ride in a car. This time I was feeling ·SO much stronger than I had felt during my first ride, and I tried to take more notice of what was going on. The lady held me up on her shoulder and I looked about. thinking what big world this is. When the short lady and I sailed away for Negros on the S. S. Tanon I was held up to the rail to give the tall lady a farewell look. I put my tail and ears up as proudly as I could to show her how well she had fed me while I was in her home. As we floated ouc the mouth of che lloilo River I saw an airplane land in the near-by air port. I thought, "Well. I have traveled in a paper bag. in two cars and am now on a ship. I wondered if I should ever fly by plane. I rather doubt it. I think planes are better suited to 259 people than to cats. I wanted to walk about and explore the ship, but it wabbled about so much and I did not feel strong enough to keep from falling. The short lady placed a chair for· me bes,ide her own chair, and I dozed along as she stroked my back. It is nice to have your back stroked when the ship rocks. 1\t din_ner time the table boy gave me some rice and fish. I think he must be a very nice boy for he helped me so gently from the chair to the deck when he gave me the food. And, Young Citizens. do you .. know that kittens appreciate_ gentleness, particularly on rocky boats? Nothing very exciting happened during the night on the boat. I sat. wrapped in some· thing warm, in a chair beside the lady's cot. The wuther was smooth and the moon shone brightly. As dawn came I saw the eastern sky turn gray. then a deep red and gold. Just before the sun was up we land·ed at S.a.n Carlos. Cargadors catried 'the lady's baggage ashore. but she would trust no one to carry me. She took me in her arms and made me fee! safe when we went down the gangplank. I could see· the water below. and as you know, cars do not care to fall into water. The lady. her baggage and I all got into a calesa. I thought. "My, my. there are so many ways to travel-paper bags. cars, ships, calesas." and I wondered what next. When we rea~hed the house everything was so still. Nothing. except the big red roo.ster and a frw hens. were stirring 260 about. We crept into the b.:ick door. The lady peeped into the bedrooms. Every one was asleep. She moved about quietly and gave me some milk. Ne11..t she washed my eyes, ears, and paws with a boric-acid solution. She whispered into my ear. "You play around and I'll take a bath, and perhaps by that rime Tino will be awake. He is going to be a proud little boy when he see you." I walked slowly. slowly all through the house, looking under chairs and beds. I made up my mind that this would be a nice place to live. The milk I had had was so good. I could hear the water splashing in the bathroom. When the lady came out she was fresh and clean. She took me up and ro,Id me. "Now let's go into Tina's room. I expect he is awake." We peeped in and there on the pillow was a small boy with soft, brown eyes wide open. "Oh!" he said, a little startled to see the lady, "you are at home. When did you get here. Oh!" he repeated when he noticed me in the lady's arms. "What is that?" "A kitten. It is for you.'' "Thank you," he cried and sprang out of bed. He took me in his arms ever so gently. ''Good, little kitty.'' he said as he rubbed my back and head. He felt so warm that I started purring at once. "Is it really for me?" the little boy asked. ''Yes, you are to be its mas1er." "It isn't very ht," noticed the ·boy. THE YOUNG CI f!ZEN "No. I am afraid ir has had a hard life thus far. We must feed it well and help it to grow slrong.'' "I'll let it have my egg for breakfas1,'' offered Tino. "We'll have an egg cooked for you and one for 1he cat 100." said 1he lady. Tino dressed quickly and went to 1he kitchen to tell the cook (0 prepare an extra egg for breakfast so 1he cat could have one. As he s1ood about 1he kitchen wailing for breakfast he noticed 1he spice cans standing on the shelf. On one of the~ he noticed the word "ginger." He did not know h9w ginger looked so he opened the can and peeped into it. "Why, it is just the color of the kitten." he said to himself. He ran in 10 the lady and shouted, "I have found a name for the kitten." "Thafs good, what is it?'" asked the lady. ''Ginger.'' "Why, that is a fine name. The kitten looks as if he had been powdered with ginger:" "Tino went hopping back to 1he kitchen calling, "Ginger, Ginger, Ginger.'' Breakfast was soon ready, and whal do you suppose I had to eat? An egg and some bread soaked in milk! Did you ever hear of such a lucky kitten as I? Tino fed me many times during the day and I soon felt like playing. Tino had some marbles and pingpong balls. He rolled them and let me chase them. h is lots of fun batting September, 1937 a pingpong ball with your fronl paw and then chase it all through the house. I think it is good to Tino to let me share his playthings. He has a liule brush and everr day he brushes my coal. I pur and pur while I am being brushed. I have been with my Ihde master several days ~ow and am as happy as a kitten can possibly be. I am never hungry and am growing fatter and stronger all the time. All of my life that I can remember is just one week and I have told most of lh~ important things 1hat have happened to me during 1hat lime. As I said in the beginning, I was so young when I was born that I do not remember the 1ime and place. Tino says I must be about a month old. A month is not a very long life. I hope to live much longer and hope to stay with Tino all of my life. He says there is a cat across the street that is fourteen years Old. Perhaps I shall get acquainted with him some day and ask him how it feels to be so very, very old. It is now time to go to sleep, and all young cre3tures n~ plenty of sleep. If anything else happens to me that I thPnk will interest 1he Young Citizens I'll write you about it. Being a cat, of course, I can't actually write, but I'll put my mark by my name so you can see that this . is a really true story. Good nighl, Young Citizens. GINGER September, 1937 JOE'S WONDERFUL BOX (Continued from page 185) "Rod is Rodrigo Villas, your classmate, isn't be?" the principal asked. ""Yes. sir," Joe replied. Joe gave the note to his teacher. Rod and he went to the shop. At four o'clock they were back in the office of the principal. On the table, Joe placed a box about a foot long, a foot wide, and a foot high. It was covered with black paper. On the front side of the box was pasted a paper 0cut-out of the head of a skeleton. Between its two sets of teeth was an opening in the shape of a mouth. At the back was a round hole about an inch in diameter. Joe got an auger from Rod and bored a hole through the partition. When this was dcme, he carried the box to the library. He placed it on a table close to the partition adjusting it in such a way that the hole in the wall occupied the center of the hole in the back part of the box. To make the box firm in its place. he nailed the back corners to the wall. Then he went back to the principal's office. To the wall he nailed a bow with a fixed arrow the point of which was painted red. The arrow was about two feet long. A gauge was fixed on it in such a way that when the arrow was drawn. its red point would look like the tongue of the skeleton and when shot, it would come out eight inches from its mouth. After Joe had explained to the principal how it should be operated and how it should be. used in the investigation at five o'clock, he covTHE YOUNG CITIZEN ered the box with a sheet of manila paper. They locked the door of the library and that of the office. A few minutes before five o'clock, all the pupils in the class of Miss Cruz passed into the library room. The principal and Joe entered when the pupils were seated. '"Children,"' the principal said ... I told Miss Cruz to bring you here for this is a more suitable room for the investigation than any other in the building. After a careful study of the case. I have come to the con cl us ion that a member of your class si:ole Maria's money. Who that pupil is. I do not know just now but I have something in this room which does rlot tell a lie. Neither does it make any mistake in picking out a guilty person. It loves the truth and hates anybody who lies. Sometimes it goes as far as killing a liar with the skeleton's tongue." "Let me tell you, children," continued the prinCipal. "how this thing came to be with us this afternoon. When I came back to the office from your room, someone told me that the boy who did the mischief is a member of your class. When I asked for the nanie of the wrongdoer. my visitor told me that this wonderful thing would tell me his name." "Now look," t11e principal said as he uncovered the black box. Everybody including the teacher w a s thunderstruck. They stared at the hideous :figure of the skeleton on the front side of the box. Some turned pale. Others turned away their 261 faces from the ugly figure. "In identifying a wrongdoer," the principal went on. "the first thing to do is to gather all suspects and then let them stand one by one before the box at a distance of about six inches. As a suspect stands, he should say either, 'I AM INNOCENT' or 'I AM GUILTY' as the case may be. Nothing will happen if everyone tells the· truth but if someone tells a lie, the sharp tongue of the skeleton will dart forward into the body of the liar. Remember, the box never makes a mistake.'' "You are all suspects. Each of you will now stand six inches from the box and say, 'I AM INNOCENT' if you did not get the money or 'I AM GUILTY' if you got it. Miss Cruz, please read the names as they appear in the register." the principal concluded. The teacher read the first name, Pedro Abante. The boy stood up, went to the box, and said, "I am innocent." Nothing happened. M i s s Cruz continued calling the names of the pupils and each time a name was called, the pupil concerned stood in front of the box and uttered the words. All went well until the teacher came to No. 17. "Marcelo Quintas," called the teacher. Marcelo did not move. He was pale. "Come, Marcelo.'' said th~ principal. "You are wasting time. The girls .have not had their chance yet, you see." Marcelo did not stand. He put his face on his forearm 262 which rested on the desk and cried. The principal took him to the box. ''Please don't let me go near that box," Marcelo begged. "It is not necessary. I shall tell you the truth. I stole that money because I had nothing to report to you. My uncle borrowed my sales yesterday and today he has no money to return. I was afraid you would punish me if I could not report the sales so I got Maria's money when the pupils were 'out on their lines. Of course, I would pay Maria as soon as my uncle will have returned the money he borrowed. "Were you doing right when you got Maria's money?" asked the principal. "No, sir. but I was. thinking only of myself right then," Marcelo replied. · 'Wh~re is the money ? '' the principal asked again. ·'Here it is." Marcelo answered as he put his hand in his pocket. From it he drew out a small paper package containing coins and handed it to the principal. ·'Bring your uncle here tomorrow,'' he said to Marcelo. ··1 want to see him." ··You may now go home," he said to the class. As soon as every body had gone away. Joe and the principal went to the office. They found Rod still peeping through a tiny hole near the bow. He had been watching for any signal from Joe while the latter was in the library during the investigation. ·'Thank you, boys," the THE YOUNG CITIZEN AMONG THE BOY SCOUTS (Continued b'Mn. pa.ge 151) dim and its light was badly diffused throughout the place. Three tables away from me. directly beneath the electric bulb, was a noisy group of boys. Their faces were familiar to me, and even their manner of conversation was not strange. They were the members of the "Black Pirate" gang, a notorious association of mischievous street boys, shoe shiners, and the like, who indulged in egg-stealing escapades and neighborhood brawls at times. T h e leader w a s a ''tough'' boy of fourteen. w horn they called "Max." His name was Maximo. As I was s:tying,· they were very noisy .-so noisy, indeed, that at the time when the excitement among· them seemed to be at its highest peak, I quite forgot the cake I was munching. I diverted my full attention to the group and was not principal .said to Joe and Rod. '"That was splendid work ... The two boys grinned at each other and passed out. (Next month: JOE AND THE BURGLAR) HELPS FOR STUDY AND ENJOYMENT Why were the pupils busy? What happened in the class of Miss Cruz? Why did Joe use the box instead of telling the principal to search Marcelo? That would have been a shorter way. What do you think happened when Marcelo's uncle met the principal ? Was Marcelo punished ? If so, tell why and ·how. Ssptembe1', 1937 surprised to find among them a boy who had recently joined our troop. Apparently, he was the target just then of the entire group. All statements seemed to be directed at him, and a boisterous laugh which, e~ery now and then could be heard, was. as I could see, an attack against him also. The natute of the controversy. I soon found out. "A sissy-that's what you are!" Maximo's voice was loud and full of scorn. "Won't smoke now, eh? Look!-" and he suddenly faced the group. "Look at ·our Boy Scout-he won't smoke!'' Laughter followed. Joel. (that was the name of the victim) was silent. His face was pale and his eyes were red. He rose to leave, but Maximo clutched his shirt and forced him down on his chair. "Won't smoke, eh?"' asked the malicious leader of the "Black Pirates," as he whiffed a wreath of smoke and blew it straight into Joel"s face. "Yes, I will not smoke," came the firm voice of the little 12-year old Tenderfoot. "Our Scoutmaster said it's bad for small boy~speci-ally Scouts, -to smoke. and I believe him. I will not smoke!" "That's what I told you be· fore," butt in Nano, a boy of thirtien. This Boy Scout business will soften you up and make you a sissy instead of a man." "Smoking"doesn't make you a man," Joel retorted scornfully. "But you can't deny that beSeptember, 1931 fore you joined this Boy Scout affair, you smoked, no? When you became a 'Black Pirate' last year. you were as good as anyone of us in smoking. no?" Nano snapped his fingers contemptuously. "That was when I was not yet a Boy Scout, and as ignorant as any of you are. Now, I know it's not good to smoke. I took the Scout Oath last week, and I promised not to smoke. I will not.'' ""Then you are no longer one of us!'' came the r:asping voice of Max. "You're through, as far as being a Black Pirate is concerned. We can't accept sissies around here!·· Complete silence fell on the group. for each one of them knew the significance of being ousted from the gang. Eagerly. I watched rhe boys. "All right!" Joel stood. and pushed the chair backward with a loud noise. ··All right!" he repeated·. hitching up his trousers. and his voice, louder than before. 'Tm going away from your foolish. dirty 'Black Pirate' gang. Mother has always told me it's not good, and that all of you are bad boys. I used to disregard her advice, but I know it's true now. 'Tm not going to smoke. And furthermore, I'm quitting your gang. Go where you will and do what you like. I'm through with you from now on!" THE YOUNG CITIZEN THIS EARTH OF OURS (Continued from page 150) upwards. These are known as capillary passages and these help water to ascend from below to the roots of plants. In color the soil may be black, gray. brown, or even dull yellow. It may be either clayey and compact or sandy and porous. The fertility of the soil directly affects us. Many people live in places where the soil is fertile because they can make an easier living there. Now let us see what the different kinds of soil are. Soil that remains above the bed rock from which it was formed is called residual soil. Soil that has been carried From the place wh;re it was formed and deposited somewhere else is called transported soil. Volcanic soil is erupted from volcanoes. What kind or kinds of s01l are found in yOur locality? Tell your classmates what experiences you have had with the soil of Antipolo, of rice fields, in your garden or near a river bank. THE FOREST OFFERS ( Contintied {'rom page 151) ladder is used. The nuts are also allowed to drop to the ground as they do when fully ripe. Then the husk is removed from the nuts by soaking them With that, the little boy strode out of the parlor, into the rain, and ran across the street, to take shelter inside the Drug Store there. 263 JOKES Teacher-"lf you would apply for a position what would you put in the body of your letter? Luisa-"I have read in the newspaper that you are in need of a typewriter. I am very glad to apply for th_e position." Moises-''Why are you limping, Cirilo? Is your foot sore?" Cirilo--''No. '' Moises-"\Vhy don't you walk straight?" Cirilo--"Because I stepped on the horse manure of the carabao. '' Pacifico--' 'Why do you have a black eye?" Adriano--' 'Because of that beautiful new classmate of ours.'' Pacifico-"Did she strike you with her wooden shoe?" .Kdriano-"No, while looking at her, I bumped my face. against the wall." in cold water. In about an hour the pulp is removed. The nuts are then dried in the sun. Another method is to allow the husk to rot off by piling the nuts in a shade. Then the pili nuts are gatheied and packed and shipped for export. Some of these finally find their way to our homes. 264 THE YOUNG CITIZEN Septembe1·, l 9J7 Healthy Children Every year we set aside one day to make everybody think about keeping one's self healthy. During the month of Septembel', specially on September 7 of this year, our school children a!I over the Islands are reminded to keep themselves healthy. Some one has said that "health is the greatest of all possessions." It is indeed better than wealth; it is better than power; it is better than fame; it is better than education itself. Cer· tainly every one will agree that .a he:;ilthy farmer is better than a sickly king. For what is the use of wealth, power, fame, or education if one is not healthy? A sickly person cannot enjoy as much as he should whatever wealth, power, fame, and education he possesses. We want our people to be healthy because we want strong body to develop our country-to till our lands and to manage our commerce and industries. · We want our people to be healthy because we need strong and well developed body to protect our country from enemies-foreign peoples who may come to invade us. We want to be independent. We want our people to be healthy because it is only through good health that we can be really happy-to enjoy the many blessings of our own country and our God. Health gives us joy and happiness. As school children, therefore, we should try our best to keep ourselves healthy. Healthy children to-day will be the strong healthy men and women tomorrow. Sickly children to-day will be the sickly and weak men and women tomorrow if they live long enough to beconie men and women. Healthy children are the best insurance for a healthy and prosperous people. -Dr. I. Panlasigiii _j Why You Should Read PANORAMA PANORAMA publishes a variety of reading matter, dealing on education, politics, economics, science, liter~ture, bicgraphy, humor, tra,•ei, and other subjects of interest, gleaned from the world's leading magazines, books, and newspapers and condensed for quick and easy reading. The originals are by the greatest writers of Europei America, and Asia. The materials selected are tho11c that are most likely to ~e of intf!rest to Filipinos. PANGRAMA is the very thing for those who have no time to read, and are therefore missing .some of the best things in life. One to three minutes will comPlete the reading of the average article. fANCIRAM . .\ h; rend by businessmen, professionals, public officials, teachers, students, clt:rks, etc. PANORAMA costs cnly one pl!so a year. Every issue is of permanent value. You will read it and reread it, and then keep it as a valuable put of youi· library for youa· wholli! family. Apprond !:ly the Bureau of Education-A. B. No. 6, s. 1937. Community Publishers, Inc. 405 P. Faura, Manila Attention, School Principals! PHILIPPINE BOOKS APPROVED by the BUREAU OF EDUCATION 1. A PRIMER OF THE PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION by v. G. SincoApproved in Academic Bulletin No. 1, s. 1936 as Supplementary Reader for Grade VII ..... Pl.70 net. (bulispensa.ble in Civics classes, many parts of the textbook on Civics being now obsolete.) 2. VOCABULARY BUILDING by J. c. PinedaApproved in Academic Bulletin No. ·10, s. 1936, as Pupils' reference for Grades V, VI, and VII. To be purchased in sets ... · . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . P0.56 net. 3. COMMUNITY EDUCATOR in 2 volumesApproved in Academic Bulletin No. 3, s. 1935 as Pupils' reference for Grades VI and VII on agriculture, gardening, health, social and economic conditions, government, politics, etc. also approved as students' reference for secondary schools. Price for the set of 2 books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P4.00 net. 4. CHARACTER EDUCATION READERS-Stories On Conduct by I. PanlasiguiA.B. No. 13, s. 1936 as Supplementary Reader for Grade V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pl.60 net. 5. CHARACTER EDUCATION READERS-Thinking of Others by I. PanlasiguiA.B. No. 6, s. 1937, as Supplementary Reader for grade IV···--···········--····--······ Pl.40 net. Sold Exclusively by COMMUNITY PUBLISHERS, Inc. 405 Padre Faura Manila, Philippines