The Young Citizen: The Magazine for Young People

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Part of The Young Citizen: The Magazine for Young People

Title: The Young Citizen: The Magazine for Young People
Issue Date: Volume 3 (Issue No. 10) November 1937
Year: 1937
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extracted text: Jm; YOUNG CITIZEN THE MAGAZINE FOR YOUNG PEOPLE NOVEMBER, 1937 A?cil.<>1 1~ v.o. t O I ! ClllJVERSITY ~R~~'./HtLIPfib Centavos Nr 1 1 8 This Magazine Is Approved by the Bureau of Education VOLUME 3 NUMBER 10 NOVl:MBl:R • STORIES The Little i\laya Father's Little Helper I\.Iother's Little Helper '!'he Happy Girl ........... . The Flowers on the Roadside . . . . . . . . Lydia's Thanksgivit1g-Do/0J"es 1'rnsuuu Joe at the Magic Pool-A11tunio Jllmlu.: • POEMS 1937 A Child's Thanksgiving-Lulu de ht Paz-Gabl"icl . Dudu and 1-/. Pa11/asig11i • CHARACTER AND CITIZENSHIP 298 298 29H ;;;;o 301 302 308 ~!)7 29!) Tandang Sora-FmnciScu Ca11 lmllo . . . . . . . . . . . . :lO-~ Good Manners in Listening and Talking-Mu.r1nuu110 ;L Fe/<1sq11c;;; :no Thanksgiving-/. Pa11/r1sig11i a28 e HEAL TH AND SAFETY A Timely Sock-Quirit-u A. Cruz Anlonio-B. Hill Canova .......... . Drill Exu·cises on Health-Aari([)/IJ F. A1111wo • SCIENCE AND NATURE STUDY This Earth of Our;; . Uur Insect Friends anci 1".J.._s Plants About Us Rats as Household Pests • WORK AND PLAY :.n i :ns 318 The Good Readel''s Corncr-/Jo/01·cs Silos :we; Memorize a Poem a Month-./11/iu1w C. Pi11rna :n1 Book W el'k Section . ;n2 Interesting Places-Fol'fmwto A.~u11t·iu11 . . ;;19 Crossword Puzzles-C<'.~arfo R. /A,-,brcrn . . !~2J Enlarp;e Your Vc:cabula1·y-Fl'/icir;i111a Dimaca11ta-Lfr11111H11'Z . ;3:,![ The Young Citizen Pantry-./11fia11a M1flun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :122 Kiko·s Adventures . 327 • MUSIC Playing Soldier-/. Alfmrno 313 Published monthly by the Community I'ublishl'rs, Inc .. T!!I. ;; .. -,fl-89. 40:-i P. Faurn, i\lanih1. Philippines. Entered as Second Cl:i.~s Mail Matter at Mnnila Pci.st Of/irl' or:i May 16. 1~3.'>. Ec!ilc>11:1l Dinclor: ·''-'·"' 1.;. /{""'''"· i'!aff Edito•: /. l'""'"'•f;lli, Contnbutin:r Edito..s: J,,. /iiow C. /'i>wda ancl ,\11/m1iu M11iioz • .St<1ff Al'tist: f'l'dro /'"Y"'"· Bu~in"~~ Mo\nagl!1·: EmiUana r;,.1·du-Uo~alt% SuhSf'ription Price: P3.00 for one yo:!lr of 12 b,ues: $2.00 i?l the United Statea and foreign >'nuntries. Sinl;'ll' copy, aO centavo~. :-;,,1,,.,.,;pti.m>J> a~t' "-' hr. p11id lo Commv.nitv Pv.bliah.en, Inc. n.u; MAGAZIN!; !=OR YOUNG P(;OPL!; November, 1997 THE YOUNG CITIZEN • • !liiiiiii II •• A Child's Thanksgiving Dear Lord, today I give my thanks .to thee, For all the things I hear or feel or see. For the blue of the sea and the azure sky For the moon and stars and sun on high. For the green of gra.ss al)d leaves and trees, For the nodding flow'rs and the fluttering bees, For the rippling stream and the laughing river, For the meandering brooks that bubble ever, For a heart that feels the joy in beauty, F'or eyes that see and lips that utter ecstasy, For many more things of rare loveliness, Lord God, today I offer my humble thanks. -Lulu de la Paz-Gabriel 297 298 THE YOUNG CITIZEN November, 1937 LITTLE STORIES FOR LITTLE PEOPLE THE LITTLE MAY A Father's Little t:lelper This little maya is Father put his old book on the table. singing. He shook his head. "My book is old. Its covers are It is singing, "I am loose." happy. I am happy." "Why are you happy?" asks little Jose. "Why? Don't you know? Don't you see?" asks may a. "What, little bird?" "The golden heads of rice. The heavy heads of rice. Look! The field is all golden with ripe rice." And the maya goes on singing. Father went out. Little Juan came in. He had a little paste and a narrow piece of cloth. Juan pasted the book covers. Then he put a big book over the old book. .\lovember, 1937 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 299 By and by Father came. He sat down beside the table. Mother looked around. There was Baby in a corner smiling happily. He picked up the old book. "Oh! somebody mended my book. It is as good as new." Father was very happy. Little Juan was happy, too, because he made his father happy. Mother's Little Helper Mother was busy in the kitchen. She was cleaning the pots. Baby said, "I want to help Mother. Baby took a clean piece of rag. She went to the book shelf. She put down all the books. "How helpful you are!" Mother said kissing Baby. DUDU AND Dudu is a little puppy AJ!d I'm a little boy; She dusted every book. She dusted I love Dudu, you know, the shelf. Then she put back all the And Dudu loves me, too. books on the shelf. Everyday during the year, Mother came in with a dust cloth. Dudu and I play together; And as we grow bigger and bigger She went to the shelf to dust the books. We continue to play and grow together. She got a book from the shelf. It was But then Dudu will be just a dog clean. She got another and another. And I will be a man. The books were all clean. I. Panlasigui 300 THE YOUNG CITIZEN November, 193i READING TIME FOR YOUNG FOLKS By AUNT JULIA The Happy Girl LITTLE FLORA skipped out of the door of her nipa hut. She was humming a song she had learned. "This book, Mrs. Lopez," and Flora held up her book p1·oudly. "I have read a few pages and I found even the beginat school. She was carrying a little ning very interesting." book as if it were a very precious thing. "You look so happy, Flora," said Mrs. Lopez, her neighbor. "Oh, good morning, Mrs. Lopez." Flora greeted her with a sweet smile. "Why don't you stay in the house to read it?" "My brother is making much noise with his little hammer. Good-by, Mrs. "Are you expecting a big thanks- Lopez." giving dinner?" asked Mrs. Lopez. Little Flora ran off toward a big "Dinner? No, Mrs. Lopez, I do not guava tree. Like a cat she leaped up know what we shall have for dinner. to a big branch. Safely perched on it, Just the same I am happy." "What makes you happy, my girl?" she opened her book and soon found the joy that no dinner could ever give. .\'crvember, 19:17 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 301 The Flowers on the Roadside MINI was a city girl. She had "Ana," the girl answered smiling. pretty dresses and beautiful "Come with me and I shall give you toys. She had a garden of big plenty of roses and dahlias. I h·ave a dahlias and precious orchids. She had beautiful garden." lovely roses growing in large vats. "Thank you. But I don't like· roses from gardens. I like these little flowers On Thanksgiving Day, Mini's parents on the roadside better. These makatook her to. the country for a ride in hiya blossoms are soft as powder puff. their new car. The blue ones look like the eyes of the A little girl was picking wild flowers angels in our church." on the roadside. "What will you do with them?" Mini "What a poor girl!" Mini exclaimed. asked. "She has no garden of ·beautiful flowers. "To decorate our table. We shall Mother, please let me talk to her." have frogs for dinner. I have to go The car stopped and the country girl now." looked up. ·Mini looked at her parents with puz"What is your name, little girl?" zled eyes. 302 THE YOUNG Cl rIZEN .Vovember, IfJ.17' Lydia's Thanksgiving DOLORES TENSUAN • TEN-YEAR-OLD LYDIA sat at her study table .with her chin cupped in her left hand and a pencil in the other. Now and then she would look afar, knit her brows, write some-. thing, cross it out, and look more bored than ever. Finally with an ugly scowl, she put her pencil inside her notebook and closed it with a bang. Her mother who sat knitting opposite her had been silently watching her daughter and asked, "Why, Lydia, what is the matter?" "Oh, Mother, I simply can't do this homework. I've tried several times but it is of no use. No idea would come into my mind," answered the girl. "A problem again in arithmetic, •Washington Elementary School. suppose," suggested Aling Nena. "No, Mam, it is a rough draft for our theme on "Things I am ·Than~ful for." "Well, well, you always enjoy writing your compositions. I don't understand why you find that work difficult this time," said the mother. "Because this is something more serious, more real, Mother. I can't simply imagine things to be thankful about. How I wish we were richer like our neighbors who have magnificent homes, lovely cars, beautiful gardens, plenty of servants, lots of playthings, plenty of fashionable clothes, and everything that could be wished for. Then I can fill pages with the list of things I should be thankful for, but as it is, Mother, . . . well, don't you understand, Mother, why I can't prepare my composition?" asked Lydia bitterly. Aling Nena looked at her child pitifully and was about to say something when they heard a voice calling for Lydia. Lydia peeped out of the window and eaw Corazon, a classmate, who was on her way to school. "Come along, Lydia, aren't you ready yet?" was Corazon's greeting. "I'll be down in a minute," answered Lydia as she got her books and with a, "Mother, I am going," ran downstairs. "Corazon, were you ·able to write a composition about Thanksgiving?" she asked her friend. .\'<Wember, 1937 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 303 "Why, surely, yes, and I have so much in perfect peace. Imagine what a horto thank God for that I had to use two rible condition we would be in, if we sheets of pad paper," laughingly an- were Chinese or Japanese girls. Don't ;wered Corazon. you think we ought to thank God for "You did?" asked Lydia, surprise and that? disbelief shown on her face and voice. "Yes, indeed! Yes, indeed!" eagerly "Certainly, and why not?" answered Lydia as she raised her eyes "Well, I simply wonder how you could to heaven in silent prayer. "What a fill pages when you are . . . er," said thoughtless girl I am! And, and, I reLydia and suddenly stopped for she was member the terrible earthquake last about to say, "when you are very much August. We must be thankful that it poorer than.I." did not last longer than it did; other"What were you about to say?" asked wise, we would have been in the cemeCorazon. tery now, don't you think so? "Nothing," lied Lydia. "May I know "To be sure we would," agreed the Eome of the things you are thankful other, about?" she asked, wondering what her Well, thanks a lot for opening my friend had to be grat~ful for when her eyes to the great number of things I mother had to work in a factory because must be thankful for. A hundred ideas the little amount received by her father are now entering my head and I'm sure as a carretela driver would I'll fill not only two pages not suffice for the bare neces- but even three. Here is our sities of life. library. I'll go to a corner "Above all, cheerfully be- and write my composition gan Corazon, "I am thank- before the bell rings," hapful that Father and Mother pily said Lydia. and all of us children in the Lydia left Corazon and family are enjoying the best went to a corner of the liof health." brary. She was all eager" Why, yes, that is something to be ness to start writing her composition thankful for. How miserable I would but not until she had said a fervent have been if Father or Mother, or Sis- praye1· asking forgiveness f o r he r ter were dead or sick," interrupted thoughtlessness and ingratitude and Lydia. thanking God for the innumerable bless"Then," continued enthusiastic Cora- ings He has given, did she begin the zon, "I thanked God that our country is rough draft. 104 THE YOUNG CITIZEN November, 1937 GALLERY OF NATIONAL HEROES TANDANG SORA (MELCHORA AQUINO> GRANDMOTHER OF THE PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION IS EXILED By FRANCISCO CARBALLO THE CAST MELCHORA AQUINO (Tandang Sora )-Benefactress of Bonifacio and the Katipunan JUAN-Sora's oldest son SATURNINA-Her daughter CAPITAN GENERAL, SECRETARY, MILITARY ATTENDANT, and PRISON GUARD Scene I (TANDANG SORA is accused o.t helping and ha1·boring Bonifacio and his men. Her case, among other things, ing his mustache with an air of great dignity. The SECRETARY sits on his right and peruses a bunch of official papers. The MILITARY ATTENDANT stands at the door.) CAPITAN GENERAL: Well, Mr. Secretary, what is the business for today? SECRETARY: Here is a petition from .the people of barrio Ilawan, asking the government to open a public school for their children. is taken up by the SECRET ARY to the CAPITAN GENERAL, who is I ! 1111111 "'"':,:;'j hW offiiti;~:k- ~/; =-==11 F CAP. GEN.: (With sarcasm) Open a school at government expense? Bah, what a waste of money! There are no better schools than those they already have under the maestrillos who teach them to memorize the catechism and the duties of good Christians with the able supervision of the town cura. What more do they want?-And besides, it is dangerous. to educate the masses, for then we produce many educado agitators who will give the November, J.937 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 305 government plenty of trouble. The petition is disapproved! (Pounds his fist on the desk and pauses briefly.) You better check up the name of the smart filibustero who is leading this movement, so that when any trouble breaks up in that town, we are surB to get hold of our man.-The next business. SEC.: The Court-martial has found Teodoro Kidlat, Jose Talas, and others guilty of · conspiring against t h e church and the government. Reverend Friar Merced considers these men dangerous, and on his recommendation, the culprits are sentenced to be shot on the Bagumbayan Field. The sentence is here for your approval. (Hands the paper to' the CAP. GEN.) CAP. GEN.: (Glances over the pape·r.) Their names sound bad enough, and if the good father believes that these men are dangerous, what else could we do? Let the traitors die. (Signs the paper.) Their execution is approved! (Returns the paper to the SEC.) The next business. SEC. : Melchora Aquino, alias Tandang Sora, of Pasong Tamo, Caloocan, is accused of aiding, feeding, and harboring Bonifacio and his Katipuneros. The military department believes that this Sora is a dangerous woman, anrl that she should be sentenced as another traitor. CAP. GEN.: (Surprised.) Aha, Melchora Aquino, Tandang Sora, an old woman turned insurrecta! This i8 serious. (To the MILITAltY ATTENDANT.) Oye, Ayudante, bring this Melchora Aquino to my presence. MILITARY ATTENDANT: (Salutes.) Yes, Your Excellency. ( LeaveS" the room.) CAP. GEN.: Mr. Secretary, who are interested in the pardon of this woman'! SEC.: Her son and daughter, Senor. MILIT. ATTEND.: (Salutes.) Your Excellency, here is Me!Chora Aquino. 'f.ANDANG SORA: Magandang araw po, Senor. CAP. GEN.: Buenas dias; Are you Melchora Aquino, or Tandang Sora? SORA: I am at your service, Senor. CAP. GEN.: I hear that you are feeding and harboring Bonifacio and his gang o f bandits a n d cutthroats. (Harshly.) What do you have to say for yourself? SORA: I am not an insurrecta, Senor, for I am a peace-loving old woman. You refer to Bonifacio and his men as bandits and cutthroats, but yon will pardon me for saying that, as far as I know, these men are neither bandits nor cutthroats, but are as lawabiding and God-fearing as I am myself. Persecuted and hounded like (Please turn to page 321') 306 THE YOUNG CITIZEN November, 1937 THE GOOD READERS' CORNER Conducted by Miss DOLORES SILOS GRADE ONE Fill the blanks: I }lave two eyes. I -- with my eyes. I have -- ears. I -- with my ears. I have one nose. I - - with my nose. I have -- mouth. I-- with my mouth. I - - with my hands. GRADE TWO Check the sentences that tell what you say: 1. At the table You dance gracefully. Dinner is ready. Do you play the piano? I play the violin. Won't you have some fruit? 2. When getting ready for school You may put on your clean clothes. Do I have to take a bath? I must learn to be polite. I am going to rest awhile. We look very clean and neat. 3. On the street Here comes Luisa. Very well, you may go. Hold your head-up. Do not look behind. GRADE THREE Sometimes when we join two words to make one word, we put a little mark between them. This mark is called a "hyphen." Ex. coffee-pot, twenty-one. Now, place the "hyphen" correctly in these words: dinner pail twenty eight frying pan half peso walking stick half centavo five centavo piece two peso bill GRADE FOUR 1. It takes 2 like me to make a whole cake. I am -- of a cake. 2. It takes 3 like me to· make a whole cake. I am -- of a cake. .Vovember, 193'1 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 307 3. When you give me away you have smaller than one half. My name is one--. three-fourths of the whole cake left. 5. I am what is left when Jose takes My name is one --. one-third of the cake. I am two -of the cake. 4. I am bigger than one-fourth but (Pfoas, turn to pogo 327) Intermediate Grades OUTLINING LESSON 3 FINDING FAMILY NAMES By MISS MARGARITA SANTOS * Directions-Write a family name (main topic) on the blank before each group. Use a capital letter for the first word of your main topic. To find the family name, ask "In what way are the words in each group alike?" Example: Wild animals A. Elephant A. Elephant B. Lion B. Lion C. Tiger C. Tiger 2. A. Goldfish B. Milkfish C. Swordtail 3. A. Fly B. Mosquito C. Butterfly 4. A. Bulacan B. Pampanga C. Batangas D. Tarlac A. Sierra Madre B. Caraballo C. Cordillera A. Rose B. Gumamela C. Camia D. Sampaguita A. Europe B. Asia C. Australia A. Pacific B. Arctic C. Atlantic A. Squash B. Cabbage C. Cucumber D. Lettuce A. Luzon B. Mindanao C. Palawan D. Mindanao 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 'I' Teacher, Emilio Jacinto Elementary School. (Please turn to page 327 for answers) 308 THE YOUNG CITIZEN November, 19.'17 Joe at the Magic Pool By ANTONIO C. MUflOZ There are still many people in our counfry who are superstitious. When someone is sick, they don't go to a doctor until he is very serious. The doctoi· fails. Then they go to a quack doctor. These quack doctors pretend to cure diseases using superstition as their chief instrument. Sometimes through faith, a sick person is cured. It is then that a quack doctor becomes popular and more money comes to him from his victim-'. The following story describes the woi·k of a certain quack doctor. Find out how Joe stopped his dirty work. IN THE town where Joe lives, there is a place called Mahilan. It is about two kilometers· from the center of the town. A river flows through this place. Across the river is an iron bridge. Near the bridge and overlooking the river is a big balete tree. Under this balete tree is a big rock so big that it covers a good portion of the east bank of the river. This rock is the foundation of the east end of the bridge. Many strange stories have been told about the balete tree and the rock beneath it. Some people said that many years · ago the rock was the dwelling place of an unknown Spaniard. At night they could hear strange sounds. Sometimes light could be seen in the tree. Under the bridge the river ripples but close to the rock, the water is still. This st.ill water has the shape of a pool. The people . in the neighborhood call it the Magic Pool because they believe that the strange persons who live in the rock bathe there. One Saturday, Joe and his· friends had their bathing party near the bridge. At noon when his friends had gone home, Joe saw a group of people on the bank overlooking the Magic Pool. Curiosity caused him to join the group. A man was standing at the edge of the bank and talking to someone in the rock. He was muttering something which Joe could not make out. "This man is either crazy or playing a game to fool these people," Joe thought. "The Great Spirit," said the man to the group, "has just told me that your ~ick relative will be well. He wants you to get five pesos in coins, wrap them in a piece of black cloth, and toss it into the Magic Pool. Your sick relative will be ·well on Tuesday at the time when the moon sets." "I have only three pesos here," said an old woman in the group. "It has got to be five pesos and in coins," the man insisted. After a short consultation with her companions,-the old woman was able to collect the amount needed. "The money has got to be wrapped in black cloth," the man reminded the old woman. There was no black cloth available. Joe ran to a house nearby and soon came back with a piece of black rag. "Will this do?" he asked as he handed the soiled cloth to the man. Without saying anything, the man .Vuuember, 1.937 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 309 snatched the rag from Joe and tore it to man took the opposite way. Joe was pieces. He selected a piece about six alone. He looked at the pool. Soon inches square and threw the rest away. suspicion came to him. (Please tio-n to page :J25) "Give me the money," he said to the old woman. The latter gave him a handful of coins most of which were one-centavo pieces. The man then wrapped the coins in the black cloth. With a piece of wire from his pocket, he tied it very well. Then he faced the rock. "Oh, King of the Spirits," he said with his hands outstretched, "kindly receive this gift from the one who suffers and kindly put him back to health." Then he tossed the_ ball-shaped package into the still water of the Magic Pool. It disappeared as soon as touched the water. "You may now go home," the man e.aid to the group. "Y om· sick relative will soon be well." "Thank you," said the old woman. "Give your thanks to him who rules this place," corrected the man. The little group left the place. 310 THE YOUNG CITIZEN November, 19.'11 CHARACTER EDUCATION SECTION Good Manners in Listening and Talking By MAXIMINIANO A. VELASQUEZ * One of the stepping stones to a sue- people with either "sir" or "ma'am," we cessful and happy life is good manners. use their names. If you wish someGood manners in listening and talking thing repeated because you failed to is within the reach of every boy and understand, say "I beg your pardon, girl. Every good boy or girl should Mr. Santos," "I beg your pardon, know how to listen and talk well in so- ma'am," etc. Although "No, sir," and ciety, in the schoolroom, at home, in the "Yes, ma'am" are now quite out of church, in a theater, in lecture halls, Ii- fashion, they are still and will always braries, public places, etc. Young boys be good manners. Don't be brusque in and girls often complain that they do your speech. Use some such expresnot know what to talk about in society. sions freely: "pardon me," "thank you," The only safe rule to follow in this case "excuse me," "please," etc. is to talk about pleasant things with a voice which is pleasant, low, and clear. When you are in a crowd, you should People could easily tell whether you have be a courteous listener. It is said that good manners or you are ill-bred by the good listeners are scarce and popular. way you talk and listen. you can be a good listener and be popuWhen you talk, do not let your mouth Jar among your friends. Don't intersag at the corners. Don't look down or· rupt people while they are talking. If pretend to stare at something in the dis- your friend is telling a joke and the joke tance. Look straight at the person who is familiar to you, don't help him tell it. is talking to you. In answering, speak If you have some ideas to expound or distinctly. A half-open mouth sagging arguments to offer in defense of a prinat the corners, a wandering eye, a va- ciple or idea, don't get either excited or cant stare, and restlessness are signs sarcastic. Don't gossip about the dothat you are ill-bred. ings of other persons. It is a better Don't say 'uh-huh" or "yeah!" in answering a question or "what!" "how?" etc. if you failed to hear or understand. Say: "Yes, father," "No, Miss Usman," "Yes, Mr. Cruz," "You are right, Jose," etc. Nowadays, instead of addressing * Principal, Siasi Central School, Sulu, practice to talk about current public questions, principles, ideas, etc., than to talk about persons, except of course interesting public persons like senators, assemblymen, authors, artists, musicians, etc. Indecent jokes clothed in obscene language have no place in a conversation among well-bred people. (!'lease turn to page J23) November, 1937 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 311 MEMORIZE A POEM A MONTH By JULIANA C. PINEDA Have you ever had a ride on the train? What did you see on the way as the train sped on? Did you see hills and plains? Did you see strange children? Look at the pictures above. A child talks in this poem. He says that a book is like a little train. Find out why reading a book is like riding on a .train. MY BOOK My book is like a little train It takes me over hills and plain I see the Indian boys at play And watch the Chinese children gay. It takes me up to fairyland And shows me elves and kings so grand 1 close my book, the journey's done. I like to read, it is great fun. Read the first stanza again. What things does the child see as he reads hi~ book? Name them in order. Read the first two lines of the second stanza again. Where else does the book take the child? What does he see in fairyland? When he closes his book, he feels that he has finished a journey: Why does he like to read? Read the whole poem again seeing the pictures and remembering the words. After this reading, you should be able to complete the lines. My book is like - - - - - - - It takes me over - - - - - - - I see the---------A,nd watch the - - - - - - - - It: takes me up to - - - - - - - And shows me so grand I close my book the - - - - - - I like to , it is ---My is like ----It me over ----1 the----And the---It me up to ----And me so grand. I my book, the - - - I to , it is ---Don't you think you should be able to recite the entire poem now? Try to. After learning it well, recite it at your "Book Week Program." l I 2 THE YOUNG CITIZEN November, 1937 Have y o u ever If a book is better than gold, how read a book of inter- should you use it? esting stories or very clear descriptions of far-away places? How did you feel toward the hook? Here is a poem in which a child tells what he thinks about the value of a good book. Read it through and find the part that tells about a good book's worth. Read it aloud. Read the parts that answer the fol~ lowing questions. For what two things does the speaker wish? About what things does he read in books? ( Noak means corner) Oh for a book and shady nook Either indoors or out; Here is a poem entitled "The Goops." It tells about what the goops do with the books they read. Are you a goop? If not, how do you handle a book? THE GOOPS The Goops, they wet their fingers '.l'o turn the leaves of books; And then they crease the corners down And think that no one looks. They print the marks of dirty hands, Of lollypops and gum, On picture books and fairy books As often as th?/ come. The poem below tells about children With the green leaves whispering over- who are not "goops." Find out what head they do and what they do not do when Or the street cries all about Where I may read all to my ease Both of the new and old; For a jolly good book whereon to look Is better to me than gold. handling a book. "You are old, little book," the small boy said, "Yet your pages are still clean and white, November, 1937 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 31.3 Your covers are stiff and your corners My margins they kept clean and fair." are straight, "They never used pencils as bookmarks , Do you think at your age it is right?" nor tried "In my youth," said the book, "I came into hands To pull me apart in their strife. Of children who 'handled with care'; They opened me gently, their fingers With such kindly treatment my strength were clean, Words by CAROLYN BAILEY Rub - •-dub-dub! 1fj, i3 ~ ) boom I 1g1 :) ;· :l Snout -do.r your I ij Ji a plllmo or and my looks Will last me the rest of my life." Playing Soldier Music by I, ALFONSO Rub -a - dub -dub / i;>i.ib - ;, _dub-dub - ,;, . dub t r J F J 3 I ;· J J. I sol-drnrs era. marchi.ng mah.e room. mak12 room. )' l1.nap J 11'1; )' J?EJ sack. "' • and J• cockade :II you'll fast·o~ to that I~, J\ J ; 1 ; JI J I )' • ;• > J a pluma or fas ton to that Pick 11p . ~our drum sticks and •toadi - I~ boat. I ij, J ~ 1 ~ :i J I ;· :J ~ 1 .1 2 :£ ~ :;:. I Tho. soldiars ar12 msrch-rng mak.12- room make!. room. · }[4 THE YOUNG CITIZEN November, 19.fi ELEMENTARY SCIENCE SECTION THIS EARTH OF OURS HOW ROCKS ARE MADE This earth of ours is like a huge story book. He who has keen and interest?d eyes can read many an enlightening tale co tell others or to keep for himself. Let us try to find out how rocks are made. Under the seashores there arc forming today thick beds of sand. The rivers bring the rock material down from the hills, and it is sorted and laid down. The moving water drops the heaviest particles near shore and carries the smaller ones farther out before letting them fall. The hard water comes through limestone 10cks adds lime in solution to the ocean water. All the shellfish of the sea, and the creatures with bony skeletons take in the bone-building, shell-making lime with their food. Generations of these inhabicants of the sea have died, and cheir shells and bones have accumulated and been cransformed into thick beds of limestone on the ocean floor. The fine dust that is blown into the ocean from the land. and that makes river water muddy accumulates on the sea bottom as banks of mud, which by the burden of later deposits is converted (Please furn to page ./2.J) OUR INSECT FRIENDS AND FOES THE PRAYING MANTIS Let us wander a little farther into insect land. There is romance among these small neighbors that is as thrilling as the adventures of Robinson Crusoe in his far-away island. Of course. we know that some insects are among our most powerful enemies. bnt there are others that are man's greatest helpers. We shall begin with an insect which appears to be the most pious of all its kind and bows iL'ielf upon its knees as though in prayer. The praying manti~. They are creatures of mystery reverence, fear. They are meek, slow-moving, with oddly ;i.lert faces. But whether they arc s:ints or villains, few people actually. know. l shall lay the evidence before you and let you draw your own conclusions. The praying mantis has a hinge in the middle of its body and the part in front of it has the appearance of a giraffe-like neck. When the hinge bends in che middle. the front part of the mantis sits up straight. It qn turn its head about as can a human being and look from side tC> side. It is the only insect in the world that can do this. The front legs are very long, so November, 1937 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 315 big as to be quite out of proportion to the rest of its body, and have two well-developed elbows with barbs inside to help in gripping whatever they may seize. The mantis is a cannibal. It would as quickl:t eat another mantis as some other creature. Bees. wasps, grasshoppers, are its most frequent PLANTS ABOUT US PHILIPPINE RESINS Our forests contain a large number of trees and other plants which produce seed oils, resins, and gums. A number of such forest products are used locally, while a few enter irito the .foreign commerce of the Islands. The most important victims. But the greatest crime of them all is oil-producing plants, which can be regarded as committed by the female mantis on her mate. The females are larg~r and stronger than the males and when the latter seem to have lost their usefulness. the females eat them up. The egg case of a praying mantis is an artistic. delicately sculptured creation. Down the middle of tree trunks thesz are attached and they give the appearance of a braid. When egg-laying time comes nature gives the fnantis materials with which to work. These are secreted from ics body and she develops a goodly quantity of ftoth. While this is still ,soft, she begins shaping her egg c.ase. Then she places her eggs. some s'ores of them, and covers them with lighter material. When this egg cluster hatch in the following June, the tiny creatures fall prey to many enemies. Many more are eaten than escape. It would seem that it might be that the massacre cf their brothers and sisters when they first apµc2.red had embittered the mantis, and that, through the rest of its life, it devoted itself to laking vengeance on the insect world. Perhaps you have come to the conclusion that the mantis is blood thirsty, greedy, murderous. But on the contrary the mantis are man's friends. They eat nothing that is useful to him. They eat his enemies. They keep down the number of those insects that are harmful to him. They arc important in maintaining that balance in n<lture which makes the world a pleasant place in which io live. strictly agricultural and never wild, are the coconut palm and peanut. Some of the resinous products and seed oils from Philippine forests are used extensively in the preparation of paints and varnishes, while others are employed for medicinal purposes, illumination. and the manufacture of soaps. Resins and gums are produ~ts obtained fro~ the secredons of plants, but are more often secured by making cuts in the bark or trunk. Resins are formed by the evaporation of resinous juices which flow out naturally from the trunks of trees or when the trunks are cut. When they harden they are solid and do not dissolve. in water but in alcohol or in oils. Resins can also be found as mineral resin which are products of dead vegetation. Gum resins are plant secretions and these are the substances that go into thr making of your chewing and bubble gum. Some of the common kinds of resins are al - maciga and turpentine. Almaciga is used as incense in religious ceremonies, for torches, starting fires, caulking boats. as a smudge for mosquitoes. It is exported in great quantities and used chiefly in the manufacture of high grade varnish. in the making of leather and sealing Two kinds of pines found here are sourct?s of turpentine. Turpentine collected from these trees has an appearance of crystallized honey and possesses a pleasant odor. We have many trees that yield resins in our forest in Mindanao, and they but wait the industrious hands of people for them to yield their stored-up· wealth. May scme of the young. eager eyes that read about them be spurred on by the ambition to go after these forest treasures. 116 THE YOUNG CITIZEN November, 1937 Rats as Household Pests You are all familiar with rats scampering ,lCross the floors of your houses. Perhaps most of you keep cats as the natural defense against these common household pests. Or on the other hand you may tolerate them with indifference to live with man and to evade their enemies. Rats are often attracted to a house because there is much food in and abou_t it which they may eat. Rats delight in open garbage cans as flies and cockroaches do. If everything is kept in your home, which is not right. For rats and clean and covered there is less attraction for rats. mice are the carriers of one of the most tcrribk-: diseases known to men. Rats live in filthy places, but ofcen in order to get food •they enter our houses. They cat every kind of food and they destroy much food and other property. They destroy everything they come in contact with such as food crops. mer· chandise. clothes. a n d house furniture: they eat fruits, vegetables, rice, su· gar. meat. and young chickens: they ruin industries, farms. embankments. They are nocturnal in theit habits, which means that they are active at night. They are great travelers both over land and over sea. Not only do rats destroy property. but they may carry disease germs on their fur. The fleas on rats often carry a dreadful disease, buThe best way to get rid of rats is' to trap them. It is very dangerous to try to poison them, for chickens, cats. and dogs may be poi· saned and even the persons living in the house and in other houses. Poisoning of rats is not practical because they may die in· places we cannot reach. rot there. and give a foul odor to the house. Rats are very cautious and are easily frightened. Therefore the trap should be covered with an old piece of cloth or it may be set in some protected place so that it is partly concealed. Rats have a very keen sense of smell and may keep away from a trap because of the odor of human hands on it or the odor cf other rats that have been in the ~rap; there· fore. the trap should be kept clean. The bait should be something with a strong odor so as bonic plague. 1.t is one of the most dangerous to anract the rats like dried fish or liver, but of human diseases because few people ever re· cover from it. There are several kinds of rats. Some of corn, rice, vegetables, or other food may be used. them climb up to the ceilings and nest there while Rats should be buried or burned as soon as ethers grow and multiply in the ground holes they are killed so that the fleas that may be on or dug·outs. They grow in number very ra- them will not go to human beings after the rats pidly. They are also very clever, knowing how are dead and carry disease to them. November, 1937 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 317 SAFETY SECTION A Timely Sock By QUIRICO A. CRUZ* Nonong and Cornelio are inseparable pals. \\:here one is, the other can surely be found. In the school where the two boys arc studying, they arc very popular because they are patrols. Nor.cng is the chief patrol and Cornelio is the captain. They show exceptional ability in the performance of their duties so that Mr. Rolda, the adviser of tht: patrol organization, always assigns them co responsible positions. One of the' most heroic deeds that these two boys did was socking a careless old woman on the jaw. "HEROIC?' I am sure you will wonderingly ask; but, strange as it may seem you will later find out that what they did was really heroic. It was ALL SAINTS' DAY. In the evening, Nonong and Cornelio went to the NOR TH " Gregorio del Pilar Elen{entary School, Manila. CEMETERY. They took with. them four big candles and a wreath of fresh flowers. "Where can they be?" asked Cornelio impatiently after half an hour of waiting. The boys were waiting for their classmates, Ely, .Puring. and Luz. They had agreed the day previous to meet at the main gate and all together visit and decorate the grave of one of their former t(achers. "Here they are now!" exclaimed patient Nouong. "Did we keep you waiting long~" very sweetly from Luz. 'Not at all not at all." replied Cornelio trying to wipe away from his face the expression Of impatience. "Well, let us move on," suggested active. charming-faced Ely. "Let us go," seconded little Puring. All five went into the cemetery and looked for their teacher's grave. It did not take them a long time to locate the place. "Hello, Nonong ! Hello, girls," greeted A'rmando. "Oh! It is you. Is this your sister's grave?" asked the girls. "Yes, I have just finished laying down those flowers. Do you have . ?" "No, no," interrupted Nonong. "We came here to see you and give you these candles and flowers.'' "How kind of you! I do not know how to thank you," gratefully from Armando. "That is all right. Your sister was very kind W us. We brought these flowers to remember her;" replied Luz. (Please HS THE YOUNG CITIZEN November, 1931 HEAL TH SECTION ANTONIO By B. HILL CANOVA Here is Antonio and two of his friends. They are looking for some more boys to make up a volleyball team. Antonio is so husky and strong that he can take part in games with boys taller and older than himself. The boys like tc play with him because he is such a good player and has such a happy disposition. Drinking his milk. sleeping in fresh air, and eating plenty of fruit and vegetables keep him fit and fine. Find two words that describe Antonio. Why do boys like to play with him? Do you enjoy going with a child who has a happy. disposition? What habits keep Antonio fi.t and fine? Drill Exercises on Health By ADRIANO V. AQUINO * I. Choose the correct answer in· the pa,renthesis: l. Intestinal diseases such as choleu, typhoid, and dysentery are spread by the (mosquitoes, fleas. flies) . 2. (Leprous, Tubercular, Insane) persons are taken care of at 'the Santol Sanatorium. 3. (Dr. Trepp, Dr. Trinidad, Dr. Hernando) is the specialist employed by the government at the Santol Sanatorium. 4. Colds may be the beginning of (cholera, diarrhea. tuberculosis). 5 . . (White Plague, Black Death, Bubonic Plague) is a term for the sickn~ss of consumption. 6. (Leprosy. Beriberi. Mumps) is a dangerous skin disease. 7. Proper disposal of garbage is one way to get rid of the (mosquitoes, flies, hookworms). 8. To strengthen the lungs they must be supplied abundantly with (carbon di. oxide, oxygen) . 9. Irregular toil::t habits will cause (indigestion, constipation. appendicitis). 10. (Deficiency diseases, Infectious diseases. ·Contagious diseases) are dist:?ases due to lack of vitamins and minerals in the dier. II. Write Yes or No after each statement. I. Should you drink a glass of water every morning before breakfast? 2. Should you have at least seven or eight hours of sleep every day? 3. ls it a good thing to have a yearly physical examination? 4. Should you eat every time you feel hungry ? 5. Should you think of your school work during me-altime? 6. Is vigorous exercise indOors just as good as vigorous exercise outdoors? ( Please turn to page 322) •Teacher, Efuilio J acinto Elementary School. .Vovember, 1937 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 319 INTERESTING PLACES THE CHINESE CEMETERY FORTUNATO ASUNCION• Have you ever seen a Chinese cemetery? Viewed from the Rizal Avenue extension, a stone-throw from the Manila-Rizal boundary line, the Chinese cemetery would be mistaken for a progressive Chinese community. The resting places of prominent and wealthy Chinese resemble none kiut the homes of rich Mandarines. A beautiful newly painted structure looks more of a residence than a mausoleum. A white .!:.trongly built piece of architecture, fenced by strong iron bars, looks more of a mission house than a tomb. Not to omit the one that looks like a pagoda. and the other that resembles a church. that portion of the cemetery is· indeed a wealthy Chinese community when viewed from afar. *Teacher, Rizal Elementary School. Where there is a sign of wealth there, too, is a sign of poverty. Fur0 ther away are scattered" i:1 an unkept manner scores of half-sunken tombs, mostly unmarked; worn-out crosses totally neglected and weather-beaten niches. There is none in this part of the cemetery to conceal its ide.ntity. COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILIPPINES Department of Public Works and Communications Manila SWORN STATEMENT (Required by A~t 2580) The undersigned, Community Publishers, Inc., owner or publisher of THE YOUNG CITIZEN, published monthly in Manila, Philippines, after having been duly sworn in accordance with law hereby submits the following statement of ownership, management, etc., as required by Act 2580 of the Philippine Legislature: Editorial Director: Jose E. Romero; Edito1·: Isidoro Panlasigui; PubUsher,· Community Publishers, Inc.; B11siness Manager: E. G. Rosales. Owners or stockholders holding one per cent or more of interest, stocks, bonds, or othfr.r securities: Jose A. Espiritu, U, P., Manila; Jose E. Romero, V. G. Sinco, ~Iunila; Philip Weinstein, 619 Rizal Ave., Manila; Manuel Camus, Manila; and Cnyetano Tibay, Manila. Bondholders, mortgagees: None. (Signature) Community Publishe1·s, Inc. (Owner or Publisher) By E. G. Rosales Subscribed and sworn to before me this 25th day of September, 1937, the declarant having exhibited no cedula on account of sex. rseal] (Sgd.) C. M. Picache Notary Public / 320 THE YOUNG CITIZEN November, 19.17 HISTORY AND GOVT. SECTION CROSSWORD P.UZZLES By CESARIO R. LLOBRERA * To students of Phil. History 'C:1 Govt. : You have no doubt seen crossword puzzles published in the newspaper. Have you tried to solve them? Those who have tried may be found that it was quite difficult. On this page there are two crossword puzzles,-one for VII-B and and another for VII-A. If you are in VII-B try to solve the first one; if you are in VII-A make the second one. If you can, solve chem both. FOR VIl·B Directions: Write 11 words which are explained below on the squares. Each number shows where the first letter of the word is to be placed. Each square must contain only I letter .. This puzzle is based on Unit V-Development of the Philippine Government which you are at present studying. I' , I I' I 4 I' I ' I' I I' I I I • 1" I I I I I I I I I " l. (Downward)-A division of land given to a Spanish official who helped in the conquest of the Philippines. Horizontal 2. The real rulers of the towns during the Spanish regime. 3. Nationality of most of the government officials during the Spanish time. *Teacher, Emilio J~.cinto Elementary School. 4. First name of the head of the S.churman Commission. 5. The name of the constitution framed by the Filipinos for the Philippine Republic. 6. The Catholic Church only allowed in th.: Philippines. 7. A body formed to help the GovernorGeneral in enforcing the laws of the government. 8. The highest court of justice during the Spanish rule. ~· Known as the Philippine Autonomy 'Act which is the basis of the gov't. during the American administration. I 0. Filipino official of the town; also called capitan. I I. United with the Church during the Spanish era. FOR VII-A Directions: Write 12 names which are explained below on the squares. This puzzle is based on Unit X-The PolitiCal Ideal of the Filipinos. 2 1 I' I + I' I I I I I I I I I I' I I' I I I • 1• I I" I " I" I - November, 1937 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 321 ENLARGE YOUR VOCABULARY By FELICISIMA DIMALANTA-BERMUDEZ* Read the story. Have you had a sim- heavier shocks set in. Our house shook ilar experience? Note the use of the and the walls creaked. I was so terroritalicized expressions. A TERRIFIC EARTHQUAKE stricken by the occurrence that I left the receiver dangling. We huddled close toThe clock had hardly struck eight gether and prayed as fervently as we when I felt the first tremor of the worst had never prayed before. As the quake earthquake I had ever known. I was grew stronger the lights were put out. at home at that time talking over the Panic reigned and my cousins screamed. telephone with a friend. After a moment of slight rocking the *Teacher, Gen. M. Hizon Elementary School. 1. (Downward)-Kind of government of the Filipinos at present. Horizontal 2. Surname of the President of the Constitutional Convention that drafted the Constitution of the Philippines. 3. First name of the Filipino general who arose into prominence in the FilipinoAmerican War. 4. Surname of one of the priests executed after the Cavite Revolt. 5. The Philippine Independence Law that will grant freedom to the Islands in l 0 years. Was your experience like mine? Tell about it. You may find some of the words in italics useful. 6. The leader of a rebellion in Samar during the Spanish epoch. 7. The recognized leader of the Philippine Revolution after Bonifacio's death. 8. The hero of the Battle of Manila Bay. 9. Surname of the Negotiator of the Pact of Biac-na-bato. 10. Established the first Spanish settlement in Cebu. I I. Last name of the hero of the Battle of Tila Pass. 12. Commander of the Spanish·fleet that was destroyed in the Battle of Manila Bay. (Please tuJ"n to page 326 fo1· answers) 322 THE YOUNG CITIZEN November, 1937 MOTHERS' GUIDE IN CARE OF CHILDREN INTRODUCTION Our body is like a machine that needs fuel to make it do its work properly, oil to make it run smoothly' without creaking, and spare parts for the damaged tissues that need repair. Just as the machine needs not only gasoline but also oil and water to keep it in good running condition, so docs the body need all three. All these are taken care of by the foods we eat regularly three times. a day plus the extras which we eat between meals. If a machine needs attention and care. do you wonder then that our own diet should require the same attention? If we only realize the importance of foods in our lives we probably could save much from doctor's bills and medicine account. Fill your native stove with fuel and cook some food: then compare the length of cooking • Teacher of Home Economics, Emilio Jacinto Elementary School. DRILL EXERCISES ON. (Continued from page 318) 7. Should you study your lessons immediately after meal? 8. Is it a good thing to take a cold shower bath early in the morning on waking up? 9. ls it true t h a t the foundation of good health is a lht !Joung titiitn PANTRY BY MISS JULIANA MILLAN * FOOD GROUPS time with another which is moderately but uniformly heated. The lacter will not only cook the same kind of food at the same time but will also save much more fuel than the first. The same case is true· with people who over eat without realizing that too much food is not only without additional benefit to the body but overworks it at the same time, aside from making it more ungainly to look at. Notice how Smoothly some sewing machine run while others creak all the way through. They arc noisy because they need oil. In a like manner, people who arc like living skeletons are the very persons who arc the most irritable and hardest to get along with. Look around you and see if it isn't the pale, thin and sickly persons who whine set of good teeth? I 0. Should you have some kind of recreation? 11. Is it healthful to expose mats and pillows to the sunshine daily if possible? 12. Is it true that patent medicines are "cure all" mediand complain endlessly against little things of life. Too much oil. on the other hand, will not only prove wasteful, but will also leave ugly marks on the thing that is sewed. Similarly, very stout persons with big stomachs and double chins are unsightly. Just as heavily oiled machines go very smoothly, so are stout persons easy to get along with. They are jolly, boisterous and full of jokes. We need not be very thin nor over-stout in order to be happy and to enjoy life. But, don't think that it is always the rich who are stout and the poor who are thin and sickly. There are poor people who are well nourished even though they eat cheap food. The rich who eat costly food may be undernourished. In order to understand the complicated work of our di.et for our body it i~ necessary for us to know the different kinds of foods and the use of each. cines? 13. Will you allow the sunlight to enter your room? 14. Should you eat partly eaten food hapded to you? 15. Should you take deep breaching exercises every day? (Answers on page 326) N01Jember, 1937 YOUNG WRITERS A PUNISHMENT I DIDN'T DESERVE One afternoon I came home very happy b~cause I was able to recite well in all my subjects. As soon as I arrived I removed my shoes for Mother doesn't allow us to enter the house with dirty shoes. I saw my mother standing beside the door waiting for me. As I came in, my mother began beating me with her slippers. l•cried bitterly for the beating was hard. With tears in my eyes, I asked her what my fault was. She said she saw me get the money from her money purse. I tried to explain to her that I did not get her money but she would not listen to me. She continued beating me and even went to the extent of pinching my thigh to satisfy her anger. To avoid further scandal and to forget the sad incident, I went out to play with some of my friends. No sooner had I left when my mother called me again. On my way I met my brother. He had plenty of candies and much money. I then asked him where he got the money and the candies, but he refused to answer. I wanted to box him but Mother was looking at us, so I controlled myself. I suspected he was the one who got the money. In the evening he slept soundly. Soon he began to talk in his sleep. I awakened my mother. We heard him say that he got the money from her purse. Mother could not say· a word but I saw. in her face that she was sorry for me. She knew THE YOUNG CITIZEN 323 HOW ROCKS ARE MADE GOOD MANNERS IN (Continued from page 314) into clay. Sandstone is but the compressed sand-bank. Sometimes the great heat and, pressure cause the earth crust to crumble; streams of lava spring out through the fissures and pour streams of melted rock down the sides of the fold quite burying in many places the layers of limestone. sandstone, and clay. Between the strata of water-formed rocks there are often created chimney-like openings into which molten rock from below was forced, forming, when cool. veins and dikes of rock material. specimens of the substance of the earth's interior. Tremendous pressure an d heat, acting upori rocks' saturated with water transform them into very different kinds of rock. Limestone subjected to these forces, is changed into marble. Clays are transformed into slates. Sandstone is changed into quartzite, the sand grains being melted so as 'to become no longer visible to the naked eye. The word sedimentary is applied to rocks which were originally laid down under water, as sediment, brought by running water, or by wind, or by the decay of organic substances. Stratified rocks are those which are arranged in layers. Aqueous rocks an· t h o s e which are formed under water. Rocks that are made out of fragments of other rocks torn down by the agencies of erosion are called she had given me the punishment I did not deserve. Mario Santos Grade VII-A' Paco Elementary School (Continued from page 310) Besides being able to talk and listen courteously, you should also be able to contribute something readily to make a social group happy. If you are asked to sing. join a p~rlor game, tell a story, crack a joke, do it promptly. Don't wait to be coaxed like a stupid child. Your refusal is ungracious and is a sign of bad manners. Don't monopolize the conversation. If you are requested to talk or to give your comment. be brief, merry and bright. Don't talk about yourself--of your achievements, of your fine ancestors, woriderful doings, etc. Propriety as well as common sense dictates that it is better to wait for someone to speak of our achievements. Listening politely and talking courteously are some of the earmarks of a well-bred boy and girl. The way you talk and listen are not the sole qualities that will make you a gentleman or a gentlewoman; but they proclaim what you are. They help win a welcome everywhere; they are the letters of perpetual recommendation. fragmental. Volcanic eruptions bring material from the earth's interior. The story of rock formation tells how fire and water, and the two combined, have made. and made over, again and again. the substance of the earth's crust. Rocks are constantly being formed. the changes that have been going on since the world began are still in progress. We can see them all about us on any and every day of our lives. 124 TANDANG SORA (Continued from page 805) criminals by cazadores and guardia civiles, they are forced to leave their peaceful occupations and go in hiding. It is true, Seiior, that I have fed them and others, for poor as I am, I do not forget that I am a Christian, and it is my duty to feed and help my hungry and needy fellowhuman beings. [ have even fed cazadores and guardia civiles that happened to pass our way, atid I never charged them a centavo for the meals. What is wrong about that Senor? CAP. GEN.: But, por Dios. don't you know that Bonifacio and his followers are Katipuneros, and as such, they are enemies of public order and the government, and those who protect and sympathize with them in any way also become criminals and enemies of Spain? And because l have strong proofs that you have done these, you are a criminal and must be punished according to law. SORA: Seii.or, l have not the slightest idea that Bonifacio and his men are enemies of the government. I do know, however. that they are patriots and human beings, and in feeding them l felt I was doing my plain duty towards man and God. CAP. GEN.: (Stands up and pounds the desk with his fist.) The facts against you prove you guilty beyond doubt, and there is nO way out of it. The law must take its course; but in consideration, however. for the past services of your late husband. THE YOUNG CITIZEN Kabisang Okong, who was most assiduous in collecting the King's taxes in your barrio, and the fact that you are a woman, I will have your life spared, and instead of being executed on the Bagumbayan Field, you shall be exiled for life to the Marianas in the Pacific Ocean. Mr. Secretary, the deportation of this woman is ordered. (Sits down.) SEC.: (Writes on the paper.) Deportation to Marianas, yes, Seii.or. SORA: Seiior, if that is to be my fate, I am glad to take my punishment for the sake of my country and people. I only regret that being a woman and old, I have done but little for. their' welfare. CAP. GEN. Ayudante, take this woman to the bartolrna, and instruct the offic('r in charge to ship her on the first boat that leaves for the Marianas. MJLIT. A TTf!ND.: ( S a - lutes.) Yes, Seii.or. (To SoRA) Pronto, to your prison cell. (Both leave the office.) CAP. GEN.: Is that all, Mr. Secretary? This has been a busy day for me. SEC.: Well, there are other urgent m·1tters for consideration. Your Excellency, butCAP. GEN.: Yes, but this afternoon I am invited to a fiesta where [ am the guest of honor, and those matters can aford to wait. SEC.: The pleasure is yours. General. (Both stand and leave the office.) Scene II (In prison TANDANG SORA is behind bars. An armed N ovembe1·, 1937 GUARD stands at the gate. JUAN and SATURNINA arrive.) JUAN: Magandang araw po. Seiior. GUARD: (Ports arm.) What do you wantl JUAN: My sister.and I wish to visit our mother, Tand.ang Sora. GUARD: Have you a pass? JUAN: Yes, sir, hei-e it is. (Shows the pass.) GUARD: (Glances over the pass.) Muy bien, you may enter. (Shoulders arrri.) (JUAN and SATURNINA enter and see their mother behind bars.) · JUAN AND SATURNINA: Oh, Inang! (Each, in turn, kisses SORA'S hand extended between bars.) SORA: Ay, my dear children, God bless you! (Makes sign of blessing.) JUAN: But. Mother. must you really leave us? SA TURNJNA: Oh, you must not leave us, mother dear! SORA: Fate so decrees: those who have interceded for me have failed, and there is nothing more that can be done. We must bow to the will of God. SAT.:But, Mother, ·when shall we meet again? SOR.A: Never again. I fear. my child, for I am a destierro for life in the Marianas. SAT.: Can't I go with you and take care of you during your exile. mother? SORA: No, Tinay. You, your father's ge~ and my life's joy-you my innocent child to suffer banishment with me ? Never. - you don't November, 1987 know what you are talking about, my child. Though it breaks my heart to part with you, my beloved children. I am happy in the chought that you who are left behind will be able to help our people's cause in every way possible. JUAN: That is true, mother. My late father Okong's wise counsels and your undying love for us are engraved in our· souls, and I assure you, lnang. that, as your oldest son. I will 'take goQd care of my brothers and sisters during your absence. SORA: Well spoken, my son. My parting advice to you. my children, is this: Fear not, work hard, be kind to your fellow-men, and continue my unfinished work. Remember that Bathala is an ever-Watchful God. He is just and rewards good deeds and punishes bad deeds among men and nations. He i s t h e strength of the weak. He blesses the just and chastises the wicked. Put your trust in Him. Our patriots have paved the way, and I see brighter days for our country and people. Bitter it is to part. but in distant Marianas, in my prayers and in my dreams, I will always be with you, my beloved children.-The hour of parting has come: kiss me good-bye. (SATURNINA kisses SORA'S face and hand, and JUAN hisses her hand only.) SORA: God bless you, my children. Impart my love and blessings to your brothers and sister at home. THE YOUNG CITIZEN A TIMELY SOCK (Continued from page 917) The children lighted the candles and arranged the flowers on their teacher's grave. While they were happily exchanging news and jokes they were startled by a sudden cry of FIRE! HELP! FIRE! They looked around and saw a woman running here and there confusedly. Because of carelessness her skirt had caught fire. The fire was fast spreading over her. Nonong and Cornelio ran to the woman. "Stop! Don't run! Lie down!" the boys shouted. The woman lost her preseqce of mind and would not listen. Nonong knew what would happen if the woman w.ould not stop running. He ran after her and gave her a s~ck on the jaw which rendered her unconscious. He caught her head as she fell and quickly but gently laid her on the ground. Cornelio, who had followed Nonong. cook otf his coat and wrapped it over the burning portion of the woman's skirt and rolled her. The fire was soon extinguished. Nonong stopped a taxi that was then passing by and requested the chauffeur to take the old woman to the hospital for first aid JUAN: Mother, all your wishes will be carried out. SAT.: Inang, my brothers, sister. and I will always pray for you, and God, the Merciful, will surely bring you back to us some day. SORA: So may it be, my child! God be with you always. darling ones; farewell! (JUAN and SATURNINA leave the scene, and the curtain goes down.) 325 JOE AT THE MAGIC POOL (Continued from page 309) "The man is playing a game and this should not go on," Joe said to himself as he left the place. As soon as Joe reached home. he lost no time in meet'ing Rod. He described to the latcer the scene he had just witnessed. Then together they went to the Chief of Police and told him all about it. "The man," Joe told the Chief, "will get that money tonight when the neighborhood becomes quiet." "That cannot be possible," the Chief argued. "The package although heavy, will have traveled far by that time." "The package is still at the place where it first landed," Joe assured the Chief. "That there is a net at the bottom of the Pool. I have no doubt. The man is too clever to lose it." "What do you want us to do then?'' asked the Chief. "This evening at dark," Joe said, "we shall go to the place. You and your policemen will wear ordinary clothes to avoid suspicion. When the man draws the net, you arrest him." "We may try," was all that the Chief said. That evening three men and two boys were walking towardS the place. The men were carrying their hats and shirts. They lo0ked like people from the corn harvest. Soon this litf Please turn to the next page) treatment. Do you approve of what Nonong did? Some of you do. hue some don't. You may hold a little debate on whecher No· nong was right or wrong. 126 THE YOUNG CITIZEN Novembe,., 1937 ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS ON PAGE 320 Check your answers with these: VII-A VII-B R E 'c T 0 l'A N T 0 N I "' 1·0 R I E s T sl 'G 0 M E z l's P A N I 5 HI l'r IY Io I 1 IN G 5 M c D u IF IF I I IE I 'J A c 0 B 1"5 U M 0 R 0 YI l'M A L 0 L.. 0 51 j'A I G u I N A L oloJ. 'R 0 M A N 'o . "' E y l'c A B I 'I E Tl l'P A T E R N ol l'A I u D I E N C I IAI rt "v 0 N E 5 \"GlolBIEIR N A D 0 R c I 1 I'- I'- lo I l"M '5 T A T E JOE AT THE MAGIC POOL (Contimrnd Trom page 325) tie group disappeared among rhe trees nearby. At about ten o'clock. a man in black clothes came to the bridge. He looked around. Satisfied perhaps that he was alone, he crawled under the bridge towards the Magic Pool. Once more he looked around. Then he dived into the water. When he came out. he had something in his hand. As soon as he was on the river side, the Chief and his companions jumped out of their hiding place and surrounded the man. .. Give me that package," the Chief commanded the man. The man was caught in surprise. He handed the package to the Chief without saying anything. Joe and Rod jumped into the Pool and came out with a black net about two meters squaz:e. "Take him to jail," the Chief ordered his policemen. On the foll~wing' day, the man made a confession. At the trial, the judge gave him a month's stay in jail. Jn the afternoon of the next day which was Sunday, the Municipal President made a speech in the coc}<.pit. He told the people about the arrest and confession of the man who had fooled so many people. He advised them to go to a physician in case of illness. Thus ended the evil deeds of a wicked man. (NEXT MONTH: JOE AND THE DISOBEDIENT BOY) HELPS FOR STUDY AND AND ENJOYMENT What is a pool? Why was the Magic Pool so called? What made Joe suspicious? Why did the man insist on having the money in coins and wrapped in black cloth? Why did the man confess? How was he punished? E G A 5 p I I p I L- A R 0 N T 0 J 01 H - KEY TO CORRECTIONS (Continued f1·om pages 318 & 822) L Choosing the correct answer: I. flies 2. Tubercular 3. Dr. Trepp 4. Tuberculosis 5. White Plague 6. Leprosy 7. flies 8. oxygen 9. constipation IO. Deficiency diseases IL Yes or No I. Yes 8. Yes 2. No 9. Yes 3. Yes IO. Yes 4. No 11. Yes 5. No 12. No 6. No 13. Yes 7. No 14. No 15. Yes .V ovember, 1937 THE YOUNG CITIZEN 327 ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS ON PAGES 306-307 GRADE I GRADE III see smell frying-pan half-centavo two one half-peso twenty-eight hear eat five-centavo piece two-peso bill work GRADE IV 1. one-half 3. fourth GRADE II 2. one-third 4. third 1. Dinner is ready. 5. thirds. Won't you have some fruit? 2. You may put on your clean clothes. INTERMEDIATE GRADES Do I have to take a bath? 1. Wild animals 6. Flowers We look very clean and neat. 2. Kinds of fish 7. Continents 3. Here comes Luisa. 3. Insects 8. Oceans Hold your head up. . 4. Provinces 9. Vegetables Do not look behind. 5. Mountains 10. Islands KIKO'S ADVENTURES 328 I - THE YOUNG CITIZEN November, 1937 THANKSGIVING Every year our people, following the American tradition, sets aside one day for thanksgiving. This day of thanksgiving falls on the last Thursday of November. During that day we as a people, collectively and individually, give thanks to God for the many blessings which he has given to us during the year. The Commonwealth of th~ Philippines is already two yearn o!d. We have shown to the world that we now have a stable government; that we are able to govern ourselves. Our government has enough money to spend for its own operation. We have a good system of education that takes care of the ed!1cation of our children. We have many new school buildings. Every year our health is being improved. We are now healthier than ever. We have also many new roads which make transportation easy and thus helps the rapid development of our natural re. sources. We are happy. Peace reigns throughout the whole country. We are not at war against any people. We are far from the dangers of war. We are free from the worries and miseries causfd by war. For all these things we are thankful to God. -Dr. I. Panlasigui --~------<!) .:r...,,,,,~~<i""'-~~~~~~ ~ Why You Should Read PANORAMA ~ .~ PANORAMA publishes a variety of reading matter, dealing on education, politics, economics, science, literature, biography, humor, travel, and other subjects of interest, gleaned from the world's leading magazines, books, and newspapers and condensed for quick and easy reaUing. The originals are by the greatest writers of Europe, America, and Asia. The material!;; selected are those that are most likely to be of inkrest to ·Filipinos. PANORAMA is the very thing for those who have no time to read, and are therefore missin_g some of the best things in life. One to three minutes will coMplete the reading of the average article. PAWORAMA is read by businessmen, professionals, public officials, teachers, students, clerks, etc. I PANORAMA costs only one pP.so a year. Every issue is of permanent value. You will read it and reread it, and then keep it as a valuable part of your library for yoUl· whole family. App10,ed by the Bmeau of Education-A, B. No. 6, ! ' 1937. . Community Publishers, Inc. 405 P. Faura, Manila ~~~>=!>V-U~~~~""~"J; AHent:ion, School Principals! PHILIPPINE BOOKS APPROVED by the BUREAU OF EDUCATION 1. A PRIMER OF THE PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION by v. G. SincoApproved in Academic Bulletin No. 1, s. 1936 as Supplementary Reader for Grade VII ..... l'l.70 net. (bulispensable in Civics classes, many parts of the textbook on Civics being now obsolete.) 2. VOCABULARY BUii.DING by J. c. 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