The Government Employee

Media

Part of The Government Employee

Title: The Government Employee
Issue Date: January 1933
Year: 1933
Language: English
Rights
Place of publication: Manila
extracted text: Wh t ~nurrumrut 1.Emplnyrr ianuary 1933 CoAT OF ARMS, C ITY OF MANILA C!tity "nurrnment Number REPUTATIOM · -'Confidence SQUARE DEALING FIRST AND LAST For 49 years LA INSULAR has been the LEADER in Native Cigarettes .. For 49 years LA INSULAR has .. been the LEADER in fine Cigars. Now LA INSULAR after years of research has developed the finest blend of Virginia Tobaccos and offers ..... . GOLD ST AR Cigarettes The Gold Standard of Cigarette Values LA INSULAR'S Last and Best Contribution to Quality Cigarette Smokers THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEEforJANUARY. 1933 a .......... Index to CONTENTS of the Special City Govemqient Number January, 1933 PRESENT-DAY MANILA: ITS PROBLEMS AND ITS NEEDS-By Mayor Tomas Earnshaw THE GOVERNMENT OF THE CITY OF MANILA (From Lakandola's Time to the Present Day)-By Filomena B. Pascual GALAXY OF FORMER MAYORS OF THE CITY OF MANILA-By Vicente Diaz THE "HOUSE BEAUTIFUL" CONTEST-By Nicolas E. Adamos DELVING INTO THE ARCHIVES: Mayor Tomas Earnshaw's Program of City Government Activities The Genesis of the Metropolitan T heater . The Construction of Dewey Boulevard Recommendation for the Establishment of a Barrio Obrero On Behalf of the Laboring Classes Three and a Half years After the Issue of Mayor Earnshaw's Program of City Government Activities: A Brief Resume Installation of Ornamental Street Lights Attracting Tourists to Manila An Urgent Necessity: A New City Hall THE OFFICE OF THE MAYOR AND ITS ACTIVITIES-By Agapito Lopez 3 9 13 18 22 24 26 27 29 30 31 32 33 36 SECRETARIAL DEPENDENCIES: The City Sanatorium and Its Activities The City Physician's Office and Its Activities The Playground Director and His Activities THE MUNICIPAL BOARD-By Luis Gonzales THE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AND PUBLIC WORKS-By Charles A . Bauer THE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE- By Victor Alfonso POLICE DEPARTMENT: History of the Manila Police DepartmentBy William Murphy Police Conditions and Activities-By Gregorio Alcid . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. . Police Duties and the Law-By Francisco Geronimo THE LAW DEPARTMENT : Organization and Activities-By Cecilio Apostol The Municipal Court-By Eutiquio Raquid The Sheriff's Office-By Ignacio Aquino THE CITY SCHOOLS-By Florentino Cayco THE DEPARTMENT OF ASSESSMENT-By Julio Francia THE FIRE DEPARTMENT-By Teodoro Gener EDITORIALS CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATIONS INDEX TO ADVERTISERS JANUARY, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE Issued monthly by VoL. III No. 8 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE PUBLISHING CO., INC. Lack 8 Davis Building, 110 Echague, Manila. Official Organ of the Civil Service Employees' Association Inc., of the Philippine Islands A Monthly Journal Devoted to the Welfare of the Government Employees E. E. BAKER. President P. A. Taguba, Sec.-Treas. P. S. de! Rosario, Director F. Aguiling, Director P. Maddela, Director Subscription, P3.00 per annum in the Philippines. United St;ites 8 Posessions: $2.50 Foreign Countries: $5.00 Single copies, Pl.00 for this number only; and P.30 for the ordinary number. ENTERED AT THE MANILA POST OFFICE AS SECOND CLASS MATTER, August 10, 1930. For Index .to Advertisements see page 1 JO. 37 41 41 43 46 52 57 59 63 65 66 70 73 100 IOI 108 109 110 b THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE For JANUARY. 1933 DEFINITE PROOFthat it pays you to own an Insular Life Policy! P549,981.751ws paid in .1932, in cash or crulit, to 66i LIV ING POL/CJ' IIOLDERS of the Insular Life. P225,546.52was p((id in 193:J, in wsh "" credit, to 97 beneficiaries by the Inaular Life. P549,981.75-71% OF ALL PAYMENTS TO LIVING INSURED! Are you one of those people who think-· "You have to die to Win?~n a life insurance policy? 71 o/o of all the disbursements made by the company to policy-holders and beneficiaries! You accumulate for yourself with an Insular Life Endowment, as well as providing that pro· tection for your family. There-we have said it-"die"-the word some p eople are superstitious about. But that's an old fashioned out-of-date idea-as antique as the "die to w in" expression. A savings of PS.00 a month, or more, is all that is necessary to enroll you in the Modern Trend of Thrift. The modern insurance policies of the Insular Life actually are retuming to the living owners, INSULAR EQUALITY-JUSTICE LIFE ENRICHED--PROTECTED ASSURANCE SECURITY- P EACE OF MIND COMPANY INSULAR LIFE BLDG., MANILA. You will have a share in a P9,000,000.00 company, with 22 years of successful experience. Send for personal information, free. .,-,. .-c.:=;;--------."::::•-:.~;1 I BOX 734, MANILA Insular Life. I I 1 am interested in The Modern Trend of . : II Savfns• and Protection-PleaH tend lnfor• • mation about the Insular Life Blue Seal • I ~~ I I I I Name • . . • •• • •• • • • • . • . •. . • • • • • • · · • • • • · · • · · · · • • • • • I I Addre•• • . .. • • • •. ....... · · · · · · · · · · • · · · · · · · · · · · · • · I .. I A ge . ..• , .. .. • .. . Mont:1ly Savings . . . . .I --------------------~---------G. E.- 2-10-33 You mentioned THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE ? We thank you. January, 1933 I THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE TagoJ~·g.~no m.otoriau tTa.Mlat• "Mobiloil stand.a up" aa "Ang Mobiloil a11 matatag;" Miaam.it car own.ere agree bv sa,11ing ''Mobiloil m.ol1'ngtd4L" Mobiloil stands up In Your Car G 0 SLOWLY through traffic on the Escolta. Mobiloil tlfand11 up. When the provincial r~ad of flourishing Misamis stretches before you, let your engine out. Let her have it! Mobiloil will stand up! MOBILOIL STANDS UP because it is made from the world's choicest crudes by the world's most modern refining methods. It is built up from the crude state by over 20 separate refining steps. That'11 why it stands up! Tireless, tough, unflinching-that's Mo· biloil stamina! Today when economy prompts you to make your car· last longer-protect it with MOBILOIL-THE OIL THAT STANDS UP. e Complete the superior operation of your car or truck by using SOCONY GASOLINE-the perfect companion of GARGOYLE MOBILOIL. Socony-Vacuum Corporation We began making oils in 1866, when Dr. Jose Rizal was 5 years old. Kindly mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE in responding to advertisements. ii THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 19;;:~ One of the best that money can buy! You will be pleased with the fineness and cheergiving qualities of ®lh ®rigtnnl Scotland's Choicest! Matured to perfection by great age only. SO,LD AT ALL FIRST-CLASS GROCERY STORES ·------------DISTRIBUTED BY---• T ABACALERA M.D~~~~~LAS Pleas~ say you saw it in THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE magazine. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE COMPLIMENTS Of BENGUET CONSOLIDATED MINING COMPANY BALATOC MINING COMPANY Don't forget to mention this magazine when answering advertisements. iii iv THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE STOP DECAY WITH z?,{~N•TE ME:TA ZMA PRESSURE TREATED LUMBER IS PERMANENT PROTECTION AGAINST ROT AND INSECT A TT ACK It isCLEAN COLORLESS ODORLESS PAINT ABLE Lauan A pi tong Atlantic Gulf & Pacific Company of Manila 11-71 Muelle de la lnduatria Manila, P. I. Do you mention this magazine when writing to advertisers? Please do. January, 1933 January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE Manila Dresses 5ilk-Net and Or0and~ "'LinC:ft'te ARMY ... NAVY ttAT STORE Jdmous t1ll ovel' lhe Wo11d MAlL ORDERS SOLI~l'TED MANUFA<?TURER9 & EXPORTERg 4?0 M. H. del Pilav Cable Address Wholesale ... Retail ONA, /Y\AHILA P.0.801( 309 Don't forget to mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. v vi THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 193~ l ! Compliments of the De La Salle College Taft Avenue, Malate Tel. 5-68-43 MANILA Durilt<i''February we hope you will remember to mention this ma~azine. .Tanual'y, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE ~----' BEAUTIFYING YOUR HOME It isn't such a simple matter as it may seem. It entails quite an outlay and it commands some attention involving details with After you have your house painted--inside and outside- - see that the floors are kept brightly polished. You can which you wouldn't care to be bothered. We are at IP IR 0 ID ILJ C T S save money, time and labor if you will always use YCO floor wax that you your service. Write to our CONTRACT PAINT DEPT. and let our experts make suggestions as to color schemes and other technical details that will bring out the architectural beauties of your house. can buy at a reasonable price, from ANY GROCERY STORE All kinds of floor- hardwood, tiles or cement- acquire a luster that is lasting and protected if treated regularly with YCO- the best locally-made floor wax. Try it! MANUFACTURED BY I _________ _, YNCHAUSTI & co. 348 TANDUAY MANILA TEL. 2-27-50 Do you mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE? Please do. vii viii ! - THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 THE BEST IN THE MARKET! Suppliers: 100% LINEN-The best wearing material all year round. "101 La Mano" Linen Drill is very smart in appearance, and suits made from it will last for years. ALSO SUPPLIERS OF THEGenuine Linen Drills "University S202", "3 Legs 15L", Hilo Ingles "Principe", White Drill "Y. M. C. A.", and Khaki Drills "Wigan", "Stockport", "Medium" and Khaki Shirtings "Jackton" and "Ashford." GENUINE KHAKI DRILL "WIGAN" 8 . . . c.~ ' • .. to ·•~-' •" Over above signature "Holliday Wise & Company", Khaki Drills "Wigan", "Stockport" and "Medium" and Khaki Shirtings "Jackton" and "Ashford" are guaranteed to be of genuine English Manufacture, Fast-dye and Uniform shade. Beware of Imitations! WISE & COMP ANY MANILA & ILOILO Plea2e mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE when writing to advertisers. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE ix - ------~ I Ever Ready and Dependable Safe Economical Whether you use them every day or once a year "Meralco" · Street Cars and Buses Are there for you when you want to use them Dependable Transportation Manila Electric Cotnpany Main Offices: Escolta and David Railway Dept. Telephone 134 San Marcelino 2-19-11 In answering advertisements please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. I I x THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING As Dodge Dealers we are an ince~ral part of the Dodge Transportation Engineering Service. This service Is designed to help all truck opera· tors solve their individual hauling problems. It is a well known fact that for every problem confront· ing truck operators there is on" uuck which will best do the work. To llnd tha• one truck which will work efficiently with th" maXlmum return at the lowest cost is the function of those who are allied with this service. Dodge Trucks are available in both standard and heavy duty classifications which will meet 98% of all hauling needs. There are light delivery units, long bed transport trucks or heavy duty units capable of handling loads Up to 40,000 Jbs. SOLE DISTRIBUTORS: ESTRELLA AUTO PALACE ILOILO LEVY HERMANOS, INC. 536-568 GANDARA MANILA You mentioned THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE? We thank you. CEBU Janual'y, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE PHILIPPINE MADE MATCHES are the SAFEST and BEST on the Market Supreme Quality Braads Known Everywhere "GUITAR" "LIW A YW Ayn - "PALMS" "BLACK CAT" "DRUMMER" - "RIZAL" Manufactured by The Only Match Manufacturers in the Islands PHILIPPINE MATCH COMPANY, LTD. Office: Factory: 625 P. Paterno Tel. 2-85-02 Mandaloyon Plea.e rentember to mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. xi xii THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 Sabe usted... d6nde esta el COLEGIO DE NHtAS que, contando con 64 aiios de experiencia, es modernisimo; que estando dentro de! radio municipal de Manila, est:i en pleno cam po abierto; Y que, habiendose cubierto de laureles enseiiando a 1a espaiiola, conserva su envidiable reputaci6n entre los mejores colegios montados a la americana? No es dificil adivinarloEl Colegio de la lnmaculada Concepcion CONCORDIA (Fundado en 1868) Dirigido por las Hijas de S. Vicente de Paul Se Ofrecen Los Cursos Siguientes: ENSEAANZA PRIMARIA e INTERMEDIA HIGH SCHOOL CURSO GENERAL CURSO DE COMERCIO CURSO DE CIENCIA DOM£STICA El Plan de estudioa es igual al de las eacuelaa del gobiemo Herran 2487, Paco, Manila COLEGIO DE STA. ROSA AUTORIZADO Y RECONOCIDO POR EL GOBIERNO DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS PARA EXPEDIR Diplomas de segunda enseiianza y Certificados de las clases intermedia y primaria Dirigido por las Hijas de la Caridad de San Vicente de Paul Este Colegio tiene por objeto educar cristianamente a la juventud dando a las nmas la educaci6n, intelectual, moral, religiosa y social propia para imponerlas en todos los conocimientos necesarios a que est:i Hamada en la sociedad. Se dan cursos en ingles y en castellano. El plan de estudios en ingles es en todo igual al exigido por el gobierno. Tambien se sigue en este Centro la carrera de pr~fesora de piano, canto, corte y confecci6n, contando para este efecto con profesoras competentes. El Colegio cuenta con un Auto.bus para el uso de las externas que lo deseen. Para informes pueden dirigirse a la Madre Superiora 79 SOLANA INTRAMUROS MANILA Do you mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE? We hope you will. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE OTIO FENNEL SOHNE KASSEL SURVEYING INSTRUMENTS AND ACCESSORIES AGUADO HERMANOS SOLE AGENTS 103 Balmea Manila, P. I. GROUND F LOOR F.rla nizer & Galint:cr, Inc. Rin Hermanos, Inc. Yatco's, Inc. Hale Shoe Compnny Lyric Music House, Inc. MEZANIN E FLOOR MAUREEN'S COFFEE SHOP SECOND FLOOR National Dental Supply Co. R. Renton Hind Philippine Milling Company J. A. Murphy Company G. G. Gordon Bureau of Banking Dr. Antonio Villarama Luis Perez Samanillo (Administration) Dr. Catalino B. Boncnn U. S. Steel P roducts Co. Warner, Barnes & Co .. Ltd. Hongkong &: Whampoa Dock Co., Ltd, Mirrlees, W atson Co., Ltd. General Ship pinP!', Insura nce &: Machinery Nippon Yusen Kaisha Cunard L ine, Ltd. THIRD FLOOR Dr. Francisco Aguado (Dentist) Dr. J. N. Lerma (Dentist) Ferr:ando de la Cantera ( Architect) Consulate of France Benjamin S. Ohnick (Attorney) El Ahorro Insular Philippine Lon~ Distance Tel. Co. General Manai.rer : J . E. H. Stevenot L. R. Nielson, Broker Enrique Santamaria, Broker FOURTH FLOOR Quintin Paredes (Attorney) J esus D. Barrera (Attorney) J ose B. L . Reyes (Attorney) J ose Galan Blanco (Attorney) J oaquin Pardo de Tavera (Attorney) Burroughs, Inc. The Bayer Winthrop Chemical Co. General Manager: Dr. Schwab Sartor iRl Academy G. C. H unter St . Paul Fire & Marine Insurance Co. Century Insurance Co., Ltd. London Scottish Ass. COrp., Ltd. Northern Insurance Co., Ltd. Theo. H. Davies Iii Co., Ltd. Bogo-Medellin Mi11ing Co. Nueva Ecifa. Sugar Mills, Inc. Juan P ili F IFTH F LOOR American Jnternational Under wr iters Corporation Arnericon Asiatic Underwriters, Inc. Asia Life Insurance Co., Inc. Ae r icultural Insurance Co. American Home A!!lsurance Co. Hudson Insurance Co. International Assurance Co .. Ltd. National Union Fire Insurance Co. National Union Indemnity Company Mrs. A. B. Park (Ar chitect & Interior Decorator) Insular Lumber Company Hukins Iii Sells, C. P . A. When writing to advertisers please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. xiii xiv THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 PHILIPPINE ENGINEERING CO. ENGINEERS AND CONTRACTORS lloilo Manila Complete installations of: Stationary and Marine Engines Diesel Locomotives Steam Engines and Boilers Aerated Water Machines Electric Hoists and Cranes Turbines Ice-Making, Refrigerating Machinery Electric Transmission Lines Cebu Rice Mill and Saw Mill Machinery Diesel Tractors and Rice Threshers Pumping Equipments Bucket Loaders, Belt Conveyors and Ditchers Oil-Burning Equipments Ropeways Leather Belts and Packings Oils for Industries Wizard Belt Dressing Anti-friction Metals. PARTICULARS ON REQUEST a "El Zafiro" JEWELRY AND WATCHES 61-Rosario-63 EXPERT WATCH REPAIRING GOLD AND SILVER SMITH ENGRAVING Ask for our Free Catalog P. LANZA Succesor to J. G. BRIMO GENERAL IMPORTERS 61-ROSARI0-63 MANILA Tel. 2-21-28 P. 0. Box 2376 Mention this magazine, please, in responding to advertisements. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE WHY DO MANY HOUSEWIVES living in all districts of Manila and in the suburbs always preferLA PATRIA AMERICAN BREAD? Simply because this golden brown bread is deliciously crisp, fresh and inviting. Baked daily in our ovens of the best ingredients. All our foodstuffs that are made of flour, such as PAN DE SAL, ENSAIMADA, MAMON, BISCUITS, CAKES, as well as bonbons, kisses and confiture are made in a scientific way. YOUR BREAKFAST IS NOT COMPLETE WITHOUT "LA PATRIA" AMERICAN BREAD. BAKERY: LA PATRIA 633 Legarda, Tel. 2-66-33 723 Tabora, Tel. 4-74-03 ~ 143 Villalobos, Tel. 2-63-91 Branches COMPLIMENTS OF STORE: 635 Legarda, Tel. 2-69-80 140 Bustillos, Sampaloc 1459 Sande, Tel. 4-72-88 CALAMBA SUGAR ESTATE AND PAMPANGA SUGAR MILLS We will thank you to mention this magazine when answering advertisements. xv xvi THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 COLEMAN PETROLEUM PRODUCTS ANNOUNCE THE OPENING OF THEIR Master Service Sta ti on At 539 Muelle del Banco Nacional Completely Equipped For and Repair All Types Work of Service 100% Pure Pennsylvania Motor Oils For Sale Always Open Day and Night Service MAKE YOUR HOME THE CENTER OF THE WORLD WITH A 1933 ZENITH RADIO No finer instrumt'nt than the New ZENlTR !or distant receptions. H ere is a radio 10 mal'nificently beautiful in tone that its sound wiU t hrill you to t he core I Come in and eee t his musical masterpiece. Marvel a t its magnificent cabinctn·-And look into the back where you can see t he proof of ZENITH workmanship. EASY TERMS FREE TRIAL ON REQUEST MODEL 210 PRICED AS LOW AS AN ORDINARY MODEL 260 ~r~~~e: :;pp:::!r~.dyne ualng the n ew •ix RECEIVER OF LAST YEAR'S DESIGN :h:u:::..-:: ::::;. s~;ephe~:d:.yne usin1 A CHALLENGE We challenge anyone to name a single demonstrable improvement known in radio which is not found in the new Zenith 1933 line. We further challenge anyone to name another radio line which contains all the improvements found in the new 1933 Zenith line. No cut-price, cut-quality sets are these, but the famed Zenith quality in a modern 1933 radio . . . backed by the oldest manufacturer in radio, by the only exclusive radio manufacturer, by a manufacturer who every year since 1915 has led with revolutionary radio improvements. They give you superiority not in one angle of improved performance, but in all. •Tone quality. The new Zenith brings it to you in life-like undistorted purity over the full range of the musical scale. • Selectivity. Advanced superheterodyne circuits cut in a!J stations sharply, with no cross talk or ghost sounds. •Distance. No set surpasses the new Zenith for. distance, model for model. •Volume. Great reserves of power bring in stations from near and far in fu!J rich, evenly regulated volume, and with fine tone whatever the volume. • Attractive cabinets. The new Zeniths are beautiful pieces of furniture at the same time that they are fine musical instruments and perfected electrical devices. In brief, the new 7-Tube Zeniths ar e All-Star Radios built by an "all-star" manufacturer . . . modern as tomorrow . .. and with that most essential of all qualities: best materials and finest engineering and construction at every point. 702 Rizal Ave., Manila, P. I. Exclusiue Agents RADIO SUPPL y & SERVICE CO., INC. P.T~i.82~:3~~~0 In answering advertisements please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE WARNER, BARNES & COMPANY -----LIMITED----LONDON-MANILA-ILOILO-CEBU-BACOLOD NEW YORK AGENTS: LEDWARD, BIBBY & CO., 106 Wall Street IMPORTERS AND EXPORTERS Shipping Agents Nippon Yusen Kaisha Cunard Line White Star Line Bibby Line Insurance Department All Classes of Insurance, excepting Life, Health and Accident Machinery Department Sugar Machinery, Diesel Engines, Condensing Plant, Shipbuilders and Engineers Agricultural Department Import Department All Classes of Fertilizer Sperry Flour Co. Sugar Bags TELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS "Warner" Manila Office: Perez-Samanillo Building, Escolta Kindly mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE in responding to advertisements. xvii xviii THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 THE TOILET PREP ARA TIONS- 1 WITH A "FILIPINO ACCENT" FOR EVERYBODY Eau De Cologne Lilac Boie Floral Cologne (six scents) Ark ti col Bay Rhum Brillantine Cutinol Eau De Quinine GO-GO-OL Hair Tonic GO-GO-OL Shampoo Hydrogenol La Albina Boie Peroxol Lotion La Bella Albina Watsonal Ylang-Ylang Lotion Witch-Hazel Tone Lotion T HERE is something very reassuring in the knowledge that a product has been found good for mare than a half century. BOIE and WATSONAL Toilet Products have retained the preferences of Fili pi no Women through several generations because they are prepared by B O TICA OIE to match the Filipino Complexions. They come to you now in new lovely, fashionable, rich ftacons, in cellophane sanitary wrapping-you cannot find better quality or more attractive appearance. BOIE and WATSONAL TOILET PRODUCTS ARE USED WHEREVER LOVELINESS IS SOUGHT. FOR SALE AT DRUG STORES Please say you saw it in THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE magazine. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE P AMP ANGA BUS CO., INc. (PAMBUSCO) The Courteous Line The Safe Line Bataan Pampanga Operates in Tar lac Bulacan Nueva Ecija Manila Regular Schedules Good Clean Busses Competent Conductors and Inspectors Regular Service Safety First Courteous Drivers Special Excursions Arranged Have you ever been to the great Filipino-built Angat Irrigation Darn? If not, you have missed one of the greatest sights and works in the Philippines! You should make a point of visiting it! Blow your horn clearly and we will get over, when you desire to pass us. Specially Built Busses for Excursions. Special Drivers to Operate them. Waiting rooms with electric fans Comer Azcarraga & Sto. Cristo, Manila Shops and Main Offices at SAN FERNANDO, PAMPANGA Manila Phone 4-99-86 Don't forget to mention this magazine when answering advertisements. xix xx THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE How to Keep Fit!! When you leave your office be sure to take some pleasant exercise in the open air-and then refresh yourself with the good tastingstimulating beverageCer veza Negra-San Miguel It will strengthen your muscles, tone up your energy and vitality, and steady your nerves. This health-giuing drink is brewed by San Miguel Brewery January, 1933 The Ideal Gift for Every Occasion Is a Box of "LA YEBANA" Cigars We suggest the following in Boite Nature Packing: I-Marques de Melin .......... . . . . ............... .. ...... per box of 25 cigars P4.00 2-Conde de Ixdain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 4.00 3- Corona Real . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 4-Excelentes Y ebana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 5-Especiales Yebana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " &--Long Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 7- Divinos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " We have an additional selection of grades and packings to suit every purse. 4.00 4.00 3.00 2.75 2.25 You can buy them at La Yebana Retail Store on Plaza Goiti or at the Metropolitan Cigar Store in the Metropolitan Theatre Building. Do you mention this magazine when writing to advertisers? Please do. .ranuary, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE BAY VIEW ·HOTEL Dewey Boulevard Also operating the LEONARD WOOD HOTEL 625 Calle Dakota and the following housekeeping apartments: THE AMBASSADOR 827 M. H. del Pilar DEWEY ARMS 860 Dewey Boulevard ST. FRANCIS 731 Calle Dakota BELNORD 719 Calle Dakota DAKOTA APTS. 413 Calle Dakota The Philippine Women's College A PHILIPPINE WOMEN'S UNIVERSITYThis in.~titution lws for years been a university in fact because of the various colleges giving professional co-urses. A petition to the proper authorities has been submitted for the use of the name "PHILIPPINE WOMEN'S UNIVERSITY," beginning next academic year. COURSES OF STUDY-The institution offers varied and complete courses of study for Philippine women of all ages: Kindergarten Primary Intermediate Secondary Fine Arts Regular High School Secondary Domestic Science Combined High School and Domestic Science Secondary Business and Secretarial Training Conservatory of Music PROFESSIONAL AND COLLEGIATE Associate in Arts: Pre-Law, Pre-Education, Pre-Business Regular Normal School Course Bachelor of Arts Bachelor of Philosophy Bachelor of Science in Education Bachelor of Science in Home Economics Bachelor of Science in Business Administration Pharmaceutical Chemist Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy Physical Education Course GRADUATE Master of Arts Master of Science EQUIPMENT.- The campus and buildings are ideally located on a block at Taft A venue, Tennessee and Vermont Streets. The equipment for the complete training of the students is of the best. For information apply to the Secretary, Philippine Women's CollegeTaft Avenue, Manila. Durlne February we hope you will remember to mention this mairazine. xxi xx ii All Goods at ) Special I Discounts ll THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE SAVE MONEY SHOP AT January, 1933 I All Goods at I Special Discounts THE MANILA REMNANT CO., INC. REMNANTS and full p i e c e s goods for Dresses. Regular weekly shipments received of materials in Latest Designs, Colors and Patterns. Sole Distributors of MAREMCO Thread. Wholesale & Retail. HOlSERY, & many other lines. GREATEST Assortment in Silks, Chiffon Vo i 1 e s , Poplins & many other different kinda of cloth. Cable Address: l ALWAYS SOMETHING NEW! The I Main Office: I 535-37 Azcarraga "MAREMCO" Branch Office: 34 Front St., New York. >I MANILA REMNANT CO., INC. ·{ Tel. 4-99-94 I P. 0. Box 2796 J BUILD IN BAGUIO WITH CLEAN, SOLID l Manila. BENGUET PINE LUMBER Common sense urges the builder to buy clean, solid Lumber that is not affected by "anay" or "bukbuk"-as is only obtained from Benguet Pine. Let us co-operate with you when building your Baguio home. Call on us for estimates before proceeding with your plans. Heald's Saw Mill BAGUIO P. 0. BOX 96 TEL. 271 Please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE when writing to advertisers. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE INVESTORS, ATTENTION! SING ALONG SUBDIVISION The Community of Exceptional Growth! Here is what you have been waiting for! A homesite for the family of moderate means. Located near the Sta. Escolastica and La Salle Colleges and near the residences of Dean Maximo M. Kalaw, Dr. Bienvenido Tan and Prof. I. Elayda, at a price you can afford to pay. Payments as low as 'P20.00 per month Call Mr. ARABEJO Telephones 4-98-75 & 5-44-49 or go to our branch office at 705 Vito Cruz ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT & SUPPLY CO. (INCORPORATED) Machinery-Mechanical Supplies-Engineers-Contractors f xxiii 13th & ATLANTA Sts. Port Area, Manila Phone 2-41-42 P. 0. Box 2128 You mentioned THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE? We thank you. xxiv THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 LIBERTY CANDY & ICECREAM COMPANY, Inc. We Specialize in Catering BANQUETS, PICNICS, WEDDING PARTIES, BIRTHDAY PARTIES, SCHOOL GATHERINGS, etc. "LIBERTY" PRODUCTS ALWAYS SATISFY JUST CALL PHONE 2-51-37 426 Bermuda, Corner Ongpin Sta. Cruz, Manila COCONUT OIL PRODUCTS LARDS AND EDIBLE OILS PURICO-FILMA MARIPOSA-SEfilORIT A SAMPAN THREE STAR OIL MAYON OIL LAUNDRY AND TOILET SOAPS GOLDEN STATE BIG BARS AGUILA BLUED BARS SEfilORIT A CAKES STAR CAKES P.M.C. BATH. KANANGA Purico lard in small tins of 1 lb., 1 % lbs., 3 lbs., and 6 lbs. is on sale at all grocery stores. ST AR BRAND BUTIER SUBSTITUTE A Margarine which ia different. Spread it on bread. PHILIPPINE MANUFACTURING COMPANY 244 David, Manila Branches in Cebu, lloilo and Legaspi. Please remember to mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. - THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 I The City of My Birth "Let this Corporation make the city of my birth great in the amenities of life, health and sanitation, and dignity and self ~respect. Let painting, sculpture, music and arts grow under its auspices and make the dwellings of the citizens abodes of joy. Let this city wipe out its blot of illiteracy with all its dirt and uncleanliness, let her citizens enjoy plenty, have strength of body and energy of mind, and be inspired with civic spirit born .of joy; let not the poison of internecine strife pollute her life; let her citizens of all races and all sects and communities unite in goodwill and keep her fair name untarnished and her peace undisturbed-this is my " prayer. -RABINDRANATH TAGORE I - 2 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 Present City Hi.II/ building. which for three dec:ades has withstood all storms from without, and verbul tempests from within. But, the prudent visitor upon crossing its .threshold will tread cau1iousty and speak .'i()ft/y lrsi.ht rausr thi.~ crum/Jliny sht'll to tumMr tfou.1n upon his head. From the Mayor's Office, hi1 official watch~towet, his vis.ion must sUMtp the entire Cit11 in all its m'anilold aspects and activities. Thii «Ills for rtal "11/1vi1ion". THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 3 PRESENT DAY MANILA: ITS PROBLEMS AND NEEDS By Tm1As EARNSHAW i\.layor, City of Manilu The story of the City of Manila and its phenomenal growth reads almost like an epic in the annals of urban development. From a city of comparatively little importance. in 1898, sparsely populated, surrounded A BIRD'S EYE-VIEW by low, marshy lands and studded OF MANILA here and there with edifices and residental buildings the largest of which were of bricks or adobe stone, the City of Manila in the last three deca~~s. has become an up-to-date city, possessed of all modern faC1l1t1es and conveniences that minister to human comfort. Its large, stately edifices of steel and concrete, its sumptuous residential mansions that would be a credit anywhere, its hospitals both government and privately owned, its social, religious, educati~mal, commercial and banking i11$titutions,-all these speak highly of the spiritual and mate~ial pr.ogress i~s teeming i;iopu!a.ti.on has achieved. Whether 1t be m the hne of pubhc ut1ht1es, in the expansion of trade, commerce and business in general. in the domains of science anti education, or in social and spiritual realms, the progress attained has been nothing short of marvelous. No array of statistics which may easily be prepared and adduced, could possibly add to the glamour _of a graphic comparison o.f the Manila of yore to the Mantia of today. Although strictly speaking the credit for all that has so far been accomplished belongs to no particular perso~ or group of persons, yet it must be stated that the progressive changes that have come to the City of Manila were changes brot about by. the advent of American administration in this country, an impartial narration of the accomplishments of which cannot be made without the narration's serving as a well-merited tribute to the progressiveness of the "pi<;>neer" Americans, and. of those who came after them to continue with their genius for organization and with the investment of their capital, the establishment and development of commerce, industries, transportation and communication facilities, which have made Manila what it is to-day. Much of the credit should also-'-and iightfullly-be attributed to the civic courage, the "push" , and enterprising spirit of the leaders in thot and action of the City's cosmopolitan population whose faith in their city led them to envision a bright future for it and who with determination and vim worked to make that vision a reality. Last, ·but not the least, Manila's growth and development would not have been possible bad it not been for the progressive P<>licy and breadth of vision of the constituted authorities, Americans and Filipinos, ably supported in their work by the splendid spirit of cooperation, intelligence and progressiveness of the City's residents in general. It is, therefore, with a feeling of sincere admiration for and due recognition of past achievements that Manila's growth and development is chronicled in these pages. Great and unparalleled as all this progress has been, an adequate conception of the territorial extent of tlfe City and of the manifold problems affecting the various elements comprising Manila's cosmopolitan popLOOKING AHEAD ulation demand that ·as we strive to solve present-day problems or improve existing conditions, we look into the future and, guided by the experience of the past, seek to plan wisely for a greater and better Manila. Thus it is that, without minimizing or detracting from the achievements of . the past, and with an eye single to the remedying of present-day deficiencies while looking toward the future, I say in all earnestness: With all that has been done, much still remains to be done. Foremost among Manila's pressing needs. is the establishment of model. sanitary "workingmen's villages" (Barrios Obreros) provided with standard sanitary houses which may either be leased or sold to bona-fide city ESTABLISHMENT OF laborers at such prices and under such "WORKING MEN'S . . VILLAGES" liberal terms as would mduce laborers to rent or own them. This would afford tremendous improvement of the appalling conditions existing in the slums of the city. Barring unforseen events, the City of Manila will soon see one such "workingmen's village" established somewhere in Tondo. Altho this one will have 1,600 lots only, with an equal number of houses, and each lot and the house on it will be available for lease or sale on monthly payments of P6.00 and Pl 2.00, respectively, the undertaking of the project will, it is believed, convince local contractors and local construction companies of the feasibility of making the enterprise a success, thus paving the way for the establishment of similar projects in the futurea consumation devoutly to be desired and fervently to be hoped! An additional one or two million pesos to the present fund for the filling of low, marshy lands within city limits (Act No. 3352) and for the construction of an adequate system of storm drains, will complete the work of sanitation in many sections of the city where there is "so much to do and so little done" in these directions. Next in importance is the undertaking of a five-year program of street construction and street improvement in new and· as yet undeveloped but already inhabited portions of the City, and the installation therein of STREET CONSTRUC- the necessary electric lighting to illuTION PROGRAM mine these places at night. As there are hundreds of city residents who have constructed strong material residences in undeveloped sections of the city where streets are as yet unopened, it is evident that progress in houseconstruction in Manila is far ahead of the City's capacity to construct new streets; hence the necessity of a five-year street construction program to afford immediate rel.ief to city residents owning their houses under the foregoing circumstances, and as an inducement to other residents to own the houses in which they live. Hand in hand with this street construction program, I would emphasize the necessity of an adequate system of storm drains, which would dispose of the volume of rain and tide wat~rs that flood the city at frequent intervals, causing damage to property and danger to life and limb. Because of the city's general topographical condition, however, even with an adequate drainage systein floods cannot e11tirely be eliminated. The Pasig river is an important artery of communication and no small asset to our local commerce; yet its location is such that it cuts Manila into two sections, each of which is so insepetably intertwined with the ::~(;E:OR MORE i~~~~!~::: ~:~~!; r~!r~~~t~h~i ~~~~ sections is frequent and indispensable. North of the Pasig River is the downtown or commercial district~the Escolta, Rosario, Rizal Avenue, Carriedo and Echague-while on the south side may be found the Government, the churches, the State University, the Luneta, the Manila Hotel, the Post Office, the Bureau of Customs, the Metropolitan Theater and many of the City's sumptuous residences. It is likely therefore. for a Manila resident in the ordinary course of the day's work or play to cross the river, back and forth, several times. Nor is it Manilans alone who make up the great multitudes 4 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 ·Honorable Tomas Earnshaw Mayor, City of Manila Vice-President, Director and Marine Plant Manager of the Earn; shaws Docks 8 Honolulu Iron Works; Vice-President and Director of the El Hagar Filipino; Director, Bank of the Philippine Islands; Director, Vice-President and Acting President of the Manila Railroad Co.; President of the Metropolitan Water Dis.trict; Director of the Manila Hotel Co., Vice-President and Director, Boga-Medellin Milling Co.; President, Finance Committee of the Independence Fund; Honorary President of the Sociedad de Tiro al Blanco Club ; Ex-Member of the Council of Hygiene: Honorary Vice-President of the Philippine Carnival Association: former member of the Philippine Independence Mission in W.ashington, D. C. As a sportsman, he is a member of several such organizations. He was born on the 5th of November, 1867, at the historical town of Cavite, Province of Cavite. His parents were Mr. Daniel Earnshaw and wife, Mrs. Gavina Noguera. He was educated at the Ateneo Municipal de Manila, graduating afterward as Marine Engineer at the Spanish Navy Yard. In 1893 and following years he was Chief Engineer of the Water Supply, Hull and Boiler Inspector of Manila Harbor. and in 1897 he was Director-Manager, of the machin~ shops of Boyle 8 Earnshaw. He was one of the founders of the firm Manuel Earnshaw 8 Co., Incorporated in 1909, of which he was later on, Manager and 1st Vice-President. At present he is Mayor of the City of Manila, Vice-President, Director and Marine Plant· Manager of the Earnshaws Docks 8 Honolulu Iron Works. being one of the stockholders of said company. He has traveled much in the U. S., Cuba, Australia, China, Japan, England, France, Spain, Italy, Switzerland and other European countries. HON. TOMAS EARNSHAW Mayor, City of Manila THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 5 that daily cross and recross the Pasig. From outlying provinces, both near and remote, visitors in countless numbers flock into the city on business or pleasure bent, which adds greatly to the problem of traffic congestion. As a result of all this, one sees a steady stream of both animate and inanimate objects passing over the Pasig-pedestrians proving that even in this automobile age they still retain the power of locomotion: vehicles of endless variety and kind--carabao carts of ancient vintage, "carretelas" and "carromatas", bicycles and "pony buses", taxicabs and streetcars, private automobiles and public passenger buses of every variety of form and color. To behold this motley throng crowding onto our four inadequate bridges-the Jones bridg~. the Sta. Cruz, the Suspension, or "Colgante", and the Ayala bridge-to observe the congestion at these crossings is to realize that the Pasig River constitutes for us both a fortune and a misfortune. The latter aspect is all the more apparent when to the ordinary traffic is added any one of the very frequent special causes of traffic obstruction such as religious. civic. Carnival, and funeral parades, and a host of other parades, processions and demonstrations difficult to classify. On such occasions it becomes apparent that nothing short of two additional bridges at the present time and or two more in the years ahead, will solve Manila's traffic difficulties, or provide for its future needs in this direction. It is for the purpose of meeting this demand for more bridges that the Office of the Mayor and the Office of the City Engineer have made arrangements for the construction of a new bridge where the present "Colgante" bridge is, and another new bridge to cross the Pasig River at Mendiola Street Extension, the former at a probable cost of !'400,000 and the latter Pl.500,000. The construction of these bridges was included among the projects to be financed from the proceeds of a second two-million-peso bond issue. What is to be regretted by all is that the construction of both bridges will-have to suffer some delay, the City Government having temporarily desisted from floating a new bond issue since its present paying capacity and the present condition of the bond market do no( warrant the floating thereof. At the suggestion of Ex-Governor General Davis and his "Taft Memorial Committee". it was decided to make the proposed Mendiola bridge a "Taft Memorial Bridge" costing P2.000,000. part of which to be Federal Government appropriation. The Insular Government and the Government of the City of Manila were to have contributed to the fund for the construction of this latter bridge which, when completed, would have been a two-span concrete arch bridge with 18 meters (69 feet) of clear roadway capable of handling six lines of traffic. However, the "Commission of Fine Arts", Washi_ngton, D. C., which by an act of Congress was given authority to approve or disapprove the plans for the memorial for William H. Taft, interpreted the will of Congress to be that the Taft Memorial should be monumental in 'Character and not utilitarian, hence this idea had to be abandoned. However, the City will renew the effort to have the construction of this bridge undertaken at as early a date as may be possible. Elsewhere in this issue appears a list of public works projects already constructed or still under construction, all financed from the first million-peso bondcissue floated in 1930. Another list shows the projects which, like the Colgante and Mendiola bridge projects, would have been financed from the second bond issue had it been floated. Other ·projects which will be undertaken when funds are available are: the construction of an adequate City Hall to replace the present one: also additional police and fire stations on both sides of the Pasig River. Plans for the new City Hall are now being prepared by the Bureau of Public Works. The unprecedented increase in the number of motor vehicles in Manila and the development of a nation-wide system of highways, have contributed to making the traffic situation in the City a problem of such magniTRAFFIC SITUATION tude and importance as to render it imperative for the City Government to work out, in some manner, a satisfactory solution. A possible way to begin would be to engage the services of a specialist in the subject. Traffic problems pertain to a new and highly specialized branch of engineering known as Traffic Engineering. Important cities of the world have engaged the services of specialists for the study and solution of their own traffic problems. A similar policy could be adopted by the City of Manila were it not for the fact that to secure the services of a real specialist in Traffic Engineering would involve considerable expense which the City Government is not in a position to shoulder at this time. An alternative policy, and one less costly, would be to select one of the engineers already in the employ of the City, provide him with travelling and other incidental expenses, and for a period of one year have him visit large, important cities in the United States to study the best methods of handling traffic and to acquire sufficient practical experience along that line so that upon his return he might be prepared to work out an adequate solution of the City's traffic situation. This alternative policy would be preferable since the total expense involved probably would not exceed P6.000. Free instruction for 39,884 primary school children and 28,033 intermediate and secondary students was provided by the City in 1931 at a total expenditure of P2,29 l.899. 50. This amount is about 20 '7o of the FREE INSTRUCTION total revenues for that year. With City revenues remaining stationary, if not actually taking a downward trend: with the number of school children increasing every year by leaps and bounds; and with the City attempting the even now almost impossible task of providing free primary and secondary instruction, when by law it is in duty bound to furnish primary instruction only. no stretch of the imagination is needed to picture what the school situation will be a few years hence. Unless the City authorities, therefore, with the vision and foresight which characterize constructive statesmanship face the issue squarely, the necessity for an ever increasing yearly appropriation for schools will be felt more and more keenly as the years roll by: and, when the point of saturation shall have been reached, the choice of an alternative will be inevitable. No discussion of the school situation in the City of Manila would be complete unless mention is made of the modern trend in education. Making it legally incumbent upon the Government of the City of Manila to provicfe free primary education to children of school-going age unquestionably has been a wise policy. Our political institutions are such that the Philippine Islands, when assuming its place in the brotherhood of free and independent nations will undoubtedly adopt a form of government most conducive to the institution of democracy in this country. And the best safeguard of the rights of any people living under a democracy is an alert, sane vigorous public opinion-the formation of which would be practically impossible without an intelligent citizenry. Nor is this all. It is a common criticism of the thousands of young men and women who annually leave our primary. intermediate and high schools and other higher institutions WHITE-COLLAR JOBS of learning that, as they commenc_e the struggle for existence, they generally turn toward "white-collar jobs" for their "modus vivendi". To say the least this is an unrea.sonable view of the situation. I have an abiding faith in the inte~ligence, act~vity and industriousness of our younger generation. I believe they are made of the right stuff.--of 6 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 t "' MAP OF THE CITY OF MANILA SHOWING DISTRICT BOUNDARY LINES 1930 CITY OF MANILA. T his map shows the districts into which the city is divided for zoning purposes. Information concerning the residential, commercial. or other zones in any particular district may be obtained from The Department of En2ineering and Public Works, City Hall. ~, -~· ~ MANILA ZONING ORDINANCE INOE:X SHEET SCALE: (I :40,000 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 7 the stufi that should make our future citizenry c.1p.1blc of procuring the welfare and prosperity of our country .-but as long as the education and training that thousands of young men receive in our schools do not qualify them for any particular line of skilled occupation or trade, the search for "white collar jobs" will continue. Honesty, after all, is the best policy, and honesty compels men to apply for the kind of work in which they believe themselves able to give return nluc for wages received. It would, of course, be much better for them if they could heed the slogan: "Back to the farm," or that of "Start a business of your own". or that of ''Be a merchant; a business man." But to engage in any one of these lines of endeavor, one must have special training: and, above all, the facilities to engage in them. Are the thousands of young men who yearly leave our schools given special training along these lines! To the discerning public, I leave the answer. If young men are to be weaned away from "white collar jobs", there should be provided for them institutions of learning where vocational courses are taught and where these young men and women may be trained in the lines of work or manual occupations the products of which are in constant demand in our national life. In a word, there should be organized as part and NEED OF MORE VO· I f h d . I . CATIONAL SCHOOLS parce o t e e ucauona system m this cosmopolitan city a chain of vocational schools and other schools of arts and trades that would answer the industrial and commercial needs of the community and in which those attending may be imbued with the selfevident truth that there is as much dignity in planing a board, in shoeing a horse or in correcting an engine trouble as in composing a poem or writing official communications. Plans and specifications for a vocational school and a school of fishery are now under preparation and when the survey now being made for their establishment in the City is completed, vocational education of at least some of the types needed, may soon become a part of our school system. Hand in hand with the progress attained in commerce and industry, and as affording a sure index of the economic prosperity enjoyed by the people, mention should be made of the THE "MANILA movement for a "Manila Beautiful". BEAUTIFUL" During the last five or six years great MOVEMENT impetus has been given to this movement which, as its name indicates, tends not necessarily to having the growth and development of the City of Manila follow nothing except strictly esthetic lines, but is rather an appeal to the community that in the erection, display or exhibition of either temporary or permanent structures or objects, esthetic considerations be not entirely sacrificed to materialism, so that as Manila grows its growth may not mean the wanton and ruthless destruction or effacement of what little there is of beauty or attractiveness left for the enjoyment of the City's dwellers. Because of business requirements or other circumstances, city dwellers are chained to the city, as it were, a fact which makes their living in the country in the midst of the beauty and grandeur of Mother Nature entirely out of the question. Primarily, the beautification of the City is a government enterprise: but this movement has had the support of the entire community, and the Metropolitan Civic Commission created by an executive order of the Governor General to further the movement has a membership composed of civic spirited citizens of the community and comprising government officials, professional men, businessmen and others. Government efforts in public hygiene and sanitation, ably supported by private initiative, has resulted in the Philippine Lcgislature·s appropriating a revolving fund of one million pesos for the filling of low. marshy RESULTS OBTAINED lands. This brings about the beautification of what formerly were ugly spots and indeed veritable eye-sores. Other ways i~ which the city administration has endeavored to further the Mamla Beautiful" movement are: By constructing new streets: by widening, straightening and extending old streets; by constructing parks and playgrounds, and by planting trees along the streets; by filling in low areas in all parts of the City; by gradually improving conditions prevalent in the slum section; by the construction of comfort stations, the New Luneta, modern schoolbuildings, the Jones Bridge (which replaced the old Bridge of Spain) ; by installing ornamental lights; by initiating the ·movement which ultimately brought about the contruction of the Metropolitan Theater on a section of the Mehan Gardens; by eliminating unsightly posters, billboards, etc.; by changing the surface of some important macadam streets to asphalt pavement in accordance with the five-year street-asphalting program prepared by the City Department of Engineering and Public Works; by holding the yearly House Beautiful Contest, a description of which appears elsewhere in this issue; by dividing the City into different zones, such as residential, commercial. industrial, etc.: and by attempting to have overhead wires and cables gradually laid underground. No record, however of this movement for a "Manila Beautiful" would be complete without mention being made of the marked progress noticeable everywhere in building construction OTHER MANIFESTA- in the city. "Old Timers" who in TJONS OF THE 1898 or shortly thereafter left the MOV.EMEN1' country, would have difficulty now in recognizing Calle Rosario, the Escolta, Plaza Sta. Cruz. Rizal Avenue, Carriedo, Echague, Plaza Goiti, Plaza Lawton, Burgos Drive, the Luneta, and other places, were they to return and give these same places "the once over", so totally different is their present appearance. The thoroughfares in these places have been widened, and the street-lines straightened. There is now a more satisfactory lay-out of the houses, and in many cases the old structures themselves are no longer there. Where in 1898 dilapidated nipa shacks or stone houses with corrugated iron roofing constructed according to the old styie THE BUILDING tiOOM of architecture then prevalent in the country dotted these places, now magnihcent concrete. buildings in the commercial zon~s. fast approaching the sky-scraper variety, and beautiful, private. palatial homes in residential districts, stand in their places. Notable among these are the Uy Chaco and the De los Reyes Buildings on Kosario, the Hagar Filipino, National City Bank, Filipinas Building, Masonic femple, the Crystal Arcade, Roxas Building, Perez-Samanillo, Heacock, Lyric Theater, Fernandez Hermanos, People's Bank and Trust Company, the American Chamber of Commerce, the Cu Unjieng and other buildings on Plaza Moraga, Dasmariiias and the l::scolta; the buildings of the Sto. Tomas University, San Beda College and the Centro Escolar University in Sampaloc; the groups of concrete buildings housing the various colleges of the V niversity of the Philippines, the Nurses Home and the Philippine General Hospital on Taft Avenue; the Paterno Building.the T-V-T Building on F. Torres St., and various other substantial concrete buildings on Plaza Sta. Cruz, the Kneedler Building, the Arias Building, the American Hardware building on Carriedo and Echague: the Free Press Building, the Arguelles Buliding, the Rialto Theatre and . other substantial structures on Rizal 8 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 Ave~ue; the Legislative Building on Burgos Avenue, the Mantia Hotel, the Luneta Hotel, the University Apartments, the Bay-View Hotel, "El Nido", Miramar Apartments, the Elks Club, the Army and Navy Club, the Manila Customs House, Pier 7 and other concrete constructions on the New and Old Luneta and in the Port Area, and many palatial residences recently constructed on Dewey Boulevard, Taft Avenue, Mabini Street and Vito Cruz Street in the vicinity of the Harrison Park. On Plaza Lawton, a magnificent concrete Commerce and Post-officJ? Building, now stands. A few meters from this building, near the Botanical Gardens, is the Metropolitan Theatre, an imposing edifice c6nstructed according to modern, up-to-date plans. These new concrete constructions attest the economic progress and prosperity enjoyed by the country. Since the opening and construction of boulevards and important thoroughfares constitute part also of the "City Beautiful'' program, no effort has been spared to complete the conIMPORTANT THOR- struction of various important street OUGHFARES, CON- extensions. Among these principal STRUCTED thoroughfares which now connect the City of Manila with the neighboring provinces are the following: Dewey Boulevard; Taft Avenue Extension; P. Sanchez; Rizal Avenue Extension and Espana Extension. Thousands of trees bearing beautiful flowers, like fire trees, TREE PLANTING banaba trees and dapdap trees have been planted on both sides of these boulevards. When these trees bear flowers, they will present a striking) y beautiful appearance. In addition to the above, various important avenues and public places in the City are now lined with beautiful ornamental lights which help tb beautify the appearance of the City at night. For the last two or three years, efforts have been exerted to effect a reasonable reduction in the number of existing billboards, and other outdoor advertising signs in the City, THE BILLBOARDS more particularly those on Ayala AND OUTDOOR AD- Boulevard, Taft Avenue, Herran, VERTISING Echague, Plaza Goiti,. Plaza Santa Cruz, and Plaza Moraga, together with other advertising signs in locations that mar the general esthetic appearance of the vicinity. It is in line with this movement that several billboards, including those on the Meralco waiting station on Plaza Goiti, were removed recently. From the very beginning of the effort to improve the billboard and outdoor advertising situation, it has been the policy of the administration to harmonize its requirements and those of the "City Beautiful" movement with the needs of local business. As for parks and playgrounds, the City will carry out the following plans as fast as funds become available: construction of two playgrounds for children, one for the northern, PARKS AND and the other, for the southern part PLAYGROUNDS of the City; equipment and. improvement of all existing playgrounds; improvement of the Mehan (Botanical) Gardens; construction of a park in San Nicolas, another in Tondo, and still another in front of Fort Santiago at Bonifacio and 2nd Streets-work on the development of the last two having already begun; and last, but not least, the improvements to be made at Harrison Park, a brief description of which is as follows: Roads, sidewalks, winding paths, lakes and streams will be constructed at appropriate places through this park. Trees, shrubs, and plants of all varieties found in the Philippines and in other tropical countries will be made use of in attempting to make this one of the most useful and most IMPROVEMENT OF HARRISON PARK beautiful parks in the Orient. In the center there will be a large modern band-stand, with two artistic fountains, one just a little to the north of the stand and the other just a little to the south of it. The band-stand and fountains will have a broad expanse or esplanade around them whereon the people may gather to listen to band concerts and for other purposes. The esplanade will be interspersed with promenades for the enjoyment of pedestrians, while around its entire area there will be constructed ·a broad driveway for motorists. Outside of the oval containing this esplanade, promenades, and driveway, there will be banked groups of firetrees and other brilliantly colored trees giving th. e whole view a most striking and beautiful effect. At the north side of the park, and just west of the picnic grounds, a lake will be made, in the center of which a zoological garden will be constructed. This will be reached by means of rustic bridges. Animals from all parts of the tropical world, as well as some from cold countries, will be assembled here. Picnic grounds are to be constructed containing winding paths and roads shaded by native and exotic trees with flowers of various kinds. These grounds are to border on two beautiful lakes wherein pleasure-seekers may row, as these lakes will be provided with boats, boat-houses, and a refreshment-restaurant parlor. A. children's play-ground is provided for. This will contain all kinds of playground apparatus and a wading pool. Old Fort San Antonio Abad, a quaint relic of the past, is within this park and will be left intact as an additional attraction because of its historical value. MANILA-"PEARL OF THE ORIENT" Depression or no depression, with or without new bond issues, the present administration, with the able assistance and whole-hearted cooperation of the Honorable Members of the Municipal Boards, will always endeavor-as it has always endeavored-to bring about by all the means at its disposal the gradual improvement of the City of Manila and facilitate and foster in every possible way its natural growth and development in accordance with the Burnham Plan. Circumstances beyond human control, official "red tape' and a thousand and one governmental limitations may, and at times do, ret~rd progress along desired lines, or even put at naught well-laid plans for contemplated public improvement projects, but the movement for a "Greater, Better and More Beautiful Manila" will go on. What Manila will look like twenty or fifty years hence, only the far-off voices of the future can tell. But just as the glory that was Rome, the majesty and splendor of "the Eternal City", was not the accomplishment of a .day, so the g_r?w~h and development of Manila, the capital city of the Phthppme Islands, will be the work of Timewith the passing of each year, each succeeding administration, each new generation finding Lakandola's "Maynilad" and Legazpi's "Ever.Loyal City" more and more worthy of the name, "PEARL OF THE ORIENT". THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 9 THE GOVERNMENT OF THE CITY OF MANILA By All}'. FlLO:-..lENO PASCUAL Assistanr Chirf Clerk and Lau.: Clerh , Olli.cc of the 1'.fayor IN PRE-SPANISH TIMES No data arc available as to the nature and form of organization Manila or "Maynila" had for a "government during the pre-Spanish period. However, it may safely be assumed that the natives living in Manila recognized the same tribal institutions prevailing throughout the settled portions of the archipelago. From reliable sources, the government of our ancestors during the pre-Spanish period was aristocratic in form with monarchical rendencies.1 Manila's government under Lakandola and Soliman may very well have been a patriarchal government, that is, a government closely resembling that of the family where the father is the ruler and all obeyed his commands for the good of all in the family. As is generally known, the basic political unit at that time was the family, while a number of families constituted what was then known as a "barangay". Instances were known where several "barangays" grouped themselves together into a sort of confederation. The chief of the "barangay" was the absolute ruler and in him was vested full authority to perform the legislative, executive and judicial functions of government. Manila was at the time of Legazpi's arrival ruled by Lakandola, the chief of Tondo and Raja Soliman, his nephew.2 II DURING THE SPANISH R:EGIME.-FOUNDING OF MANILA The final step in the conquest of the Philippines was taken by Legazpi in 15 70, when Martin de Goiti, following Legazpi's orders, sailed to Manila. Manila was then a Moro settlement occupying both banks of the Pasig River "fortified" with palm trees and stout arigues (wooden posts) filled in with earth, and very many bronze culverisms and other pieces of larger bore. Raja Soliman, chief of the settlement on the southern bank of the Pasig, where today stands Fort Santiago, was willing to be a friend of Spain, but not its vassal. The proud FiliManila of the past centuries, wirh sec~ tion of old wall including the Parian Gate. Foreground . shows the moat lilted with mud and water with ics rank growth of reeds. bulrushes and what~not. Now · reconstructed into a beautiful greensward and used as a playground for school children. pino chief, however, wa~ not able for long to retain his status of political equality with the equally proud Spanish explorer. One had to yield to the other's suzerainty, and, as usual, war was resorted to as final arbiter. Goiti won, but soon left Manila to report to Legazpi in Panay. It is of interest to note that in this conflict Goiti had on his side five or six hundred Visayans (or Bisaya) and one hundred and ten Spanish soldiers. The following year. 157 I, Lcgazpi moved his headquarters to Manila, where Lakandola, the chief of Tondo, and Soliman, his nephew. received him with friendship. On May I 9, he took formal possession of the settlement, and on June 24, formally founded the City of Manila.3 FOUNDING OF THE "AYUNTAMIENTO" OR GOVERNMENT OF MANILA The organization of the municipality of Manila dates as far back as June 24, I 5 71 when Governor Miguel Lopez de Legazpi constituted it and enlisted in its service some of the most prominent Spanish citizens residing in the city at that time. Although by the terms of the Royal Order of August I 4, I 569, Legazpi, as Governor and Captain-General of the Philippine Islands, could have organized any form of government for Manila which suited him best, yet his genius for organization and his policy of attraction made him choose, as the instrumentality thru which the affairs of the City of Manila were to be administered, a governmental organization patterned after the same form of organization in vogue in the municipalities of the Iberian Peninsula--one which, to quote a Spanish author, was a " wise organization of the municipalities worthy to be studied by all publicists, or imitated by all the people capable of citizenship, having produced fruitful results in all times. From its very foundation, Manila was called a city and it was properly termed such because it was constituted by Spanish citizens and governed under the auspices of the King. The order subsequently issued, founding, · or rather confirming the foundation of a colony in Manila and organizing this important municipality of Spanish citizens, was naturally expected from the King whose order signified the will of 10 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 the Spanish monarchy. Thus the City of Manila was established with its proper civil and criminal jurisdiction, with authority to elect its prominent citizens as representativ. es ot the communal power. and forming a corporation which was called the municipality or "The Ayuntamiento". Thes~ representatives exercised their important rights and duties under the supervision of the general representatives of the monarchical power. In exercising this power as Legazpi did in those remote regions, it was ordered that a city be titled "Noble", or "Always Loyal": and as the extent of its jurisdiction, a radius of five leagues was assigned. On the other hand, this authority was modified later, although slightly, with respect to the municipality. delegating the same to its president or to its duly elected mayor. On June 21, 1574, King Philip II approved the proposed titles to the official positions granted for the City of Manila. On May 5, 1583, the King decreed that in the visits to the municipal jails. the ordinary mayor must be given a seat near the "oidores". or members of the "Audiencia". On June 22. 1594. the King decreed that the city must be given "integrity". or what now-a-days would be termed "autonomy". m the administration of its affairs. On November 19, 1595, the City of Manila was declared the capital and the most principal city in the Philippine Islands, having the same preeminance and prerogatives as the other capital cities under Spain's dominion. On March 20. 1596 the city was granted an escutcheon in the middle upper part of which was engraved a golden castle. set upon a colored background. with closed doors and windows painted blue. with a crown above and the lower part set against a background of blue and with a half-figure of a lion, its lower extremity merging into a dolphin, and with the right paw of the lion grasping a drawn sword : the whole figure being done in silver. On May 8. 1596. the King re-issued the former decree regarding the "integrity" of the administration of Manila. On March 26. 1602. King Philipp III ordered the Governor to provide "the noble city of Manila" with a decent seat and public place such as it deserved, stressing the fact that it should always be pleased, so that there might be no cause for complaint on account of discrimination. On June 12, 1656, King Philipp IV ordered the Governor to make all aldermen bis commissioners. providing them wit)]. and employing thell' in offices or posts in the Royal service, stipu lating also that they must be aided, honored and favored, in all cases. On December 8, 1638, the former decrees were revived. particularly that issued on May 5, 1585, regar~ing the inspection of the mails and ~ls.o th~ former re~olut1ons regarding the integrity of the adm1mstrat1on of Mamla. On June 21. 1641. and on June 6. 1686, the King again decreed that the jurisdiction of the city be maintained over an area having a radius of five leagues. King Ferdinand VII on August 25. 1818. granted the ayuntamiento of Manila the title of "Excelencia" and on April 23. 1826. he modified the escutcheon by adding thereto the figure of the Royal Crown. placed above the castle, as a sort of recognition due it for its loyalty. Lastly. the city enjoyed many other privileges which there is not space here to enumerate. It was provided that the city should have two mayors. appointed by the Governor after selection by vote. And it was further provided that the one who received the highest The Escolta as it appeared half a century ago, with its archaic wooden buildings and traditional horse-drawn conveyances. vote should rule in the interior of the "poblaci6n" (lntramuros) and the one receiving the next highest, should rule in the outskirts (Extramuros). The Mayors of " lntramuros" and "Extramuros" heard all civil and criminal matters in their respective territories. but when hearing cases of this nature, they were assisted in their task by assessors. The personnel of the "Excmo. Ayuntamiento de Manila" was composed. aside from the ordinary mayors mentioned above. of a dean of aldermen. Royal ensign, syndicate, inspector of cemeteries, notary public, inspector of city stewards, El Hogar Filipino and National City Bank Buildings. a police judge, inspector of the "Pia" schools (free schools), warden of the forces and ex-oficio alderman, and a chief clerk of the court. In 1893, the Maura Law, taking its name from its author, the then Minister of the Colonies, was promulgated. This l. Po$l Oflil'e Building2. Plm:a Guiti 3. Rh:al A\•enue 4. Plaza Sta. Cruz S. Dasmariiias Street 6. The &.colta 7. Heacock Building S. Jones Bridge 9. Insular Life Buildins; 10. Treasury Buildina11. Manila Cathedral 12. O!fiee of the Government Employee Publishing Co .. Inc. ~ ~ MooERN ~l~DL! Coo1rt1:sy oi tJH· U. S ... , ,.,,,11 Air Coro• THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 11 law contained provmons for various administrative reforms and changes which had long been sought, and was designed to quiet the rising tide of rebellion. But this law, from the general plan of which Manila was excepted, came too late tor the accomplishment of its intended purpose. In fact the reforms for which it provided were never carried into effect until American occupation took place. The form of government obtaining in the City of Manila during this period of the Spanish regime of which we arc speaking, followed quite closely that which prevailed in Spanish America, which in turn was patterned after that of cities in Spain. Manila had the usual Spanish officials, including two alcaldes (Mayor and Vice-Mayor) and regidores \councillors) . III DURING AND AFTER 1898 With the coming of the Philippine Revolution there ensued considerable confusion in government administration. But 5oon followed the advent of American occupation. Immediately upon the taking of Manila by Rear-Admiral George Dewey, a military form of government was organized with the City of Manila as important nucleus of the temporary A s~ction of the largely reconslructed Escolra, looking toward the Santa C ruz church the tower of which may be seen in the distance (center of picture.) government in which General Wesley Merritt was made first military governor. It was at this time that the present City Hall was constructed as government. center for the City of. Manila. As soon as conditions permitted, President William McKinley sent the Schurman Commission to establish civil government in the Islands. Wherever practicable, or possible, beginning with Manila, the administration of civil affairs was taken over and the offices of the Spanish Administration were continued in existence and reorganized with American army officers or friendly Filipinos in charge. The local governments were continued. There was not much 'change in the ayuntamiento except in the Mayoralty where we find that from August 7, 190 I. it was decided to have only one mayor rule at the City Hall. On July 31, 191 O. the Philippine Commission enacted Act 18 3, the original Manila Charter. It provided for an executive Municipal Board. composed of. three members all appointed by the Civil Governor by and with the consent of the Commission, and removable in the same manner. The member of the Board designated in the appointment as president, presided at all meetings of the board. There were then five departments of the City Government under the supervisory control of the Board, namely: (I) Department of Engineering and Public Works; l2) Police Department; (3) Law Department; l 4) Department of Fires and Building Inspection; and \5) Department of Assessment and Collections. There was an advisory Board composed of one member appointed by the Civil Governor, by and with the consent ot the Commission, from each of the eleven City districts (later increased to thirteen) as they existed under the Spanish Government. Its duties were to bring to the attention of the Municipal Board the special needs of the city and its inhabitants, and to make suggestions and recommendations relative thereto. It had the power to comment on. or recommend passage or disapproval of ordinances fixing license fees. or involving the liability of the city in any sum exceeding ten thousand dollars, or denouncing as an offense the violation of any city ordinance and imposing a penalty and line or imprisonment therefor. On June 18. 1908. the Philippine Commission passed Act No. 1869 abolishing the Advisory Board and vesting the government of the city in a Municipal Board consisting of six members. three to be appointed by the Governor-General. by and with the consent of the Commission. and to be removable in the s<rme manner, one ex-officio member, to wit. the City Engineer, and two elective members from the City of Manila, who should hold office for two years or until their successors were ~lected and qualified or appointed and qualified. By the passage of Act No. 2657, known as the Administrative Code of 1916, the government of the city was then vested in the Mayor appointed by the Governor-General with the consent of the Phiiippine Senate and in a Municipal Board consisting of ten councilors elected at large by the qualified voters of the city. Besides the office of the Mayor, there was created the office of the Acting Mayor, the City Engineer being designated to act as such in the absence of the Mayor (Act 271 l -2434(A) ; 2774-4 ~ 3121-1). In case of absence, or incapacity of these two officials or vacancy in their 12 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 At the left. the imposinQ Perez-Samanillo buildina at the head of the Escolta. Center; the handsome home of the Insular Life Insurance Companlj. Plaza Moraga. Right, Luneta Hotel. pos1t1ons. the City Treasurer shall be the Acting Mayor. The present composition of the Office of the Mayor, the Acting Mayor and the Municipal Board is governed by the Administrative Code of 1917. Act No. 2711, as amended. On August 31, 1907, Act No. 1706 was enacted providing for the following city departments: Department of Engineering and Public Works. Police Department. Legal Department. Fire Department. Department of Assessment. Department of Sanitation and Transportation. Department of City Schools. Act No. 2 711, otherwise known as the Administrative Code of 1917. now provides for six departments. as follows: Department of Engineering and Public Works. Police Department. Law Department. Fire Department. Department of Finance. Department of Assessment. The Department of Sanitation and Transportation was.abolished as such and was merged as a division of the Department of Engineering and Public Works. Thus we have the present structure of the municipal government of the City of Manila with the Mayor as the local chief executive and the Municipal Board. its law-making body. FOOTNOTES : 1 Malcolm's Philippine Government, p. 31. •Blair ~ Robertson, The Philippin< Islands, 1493-1898, Vol. XV, p. 48. Gamboa. Philippine Elementary Law. pp. 66-67. 3 Benitez. History of the Philippines. p. 52. • Buzeta, II Diccionario Geographico-Estadisrico-Historico de las Iataa Filipinas. pp. 251-252. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 13 GALAXY OF FORMER MAYORS OF THE CITY OF MANILA By VICENTE DIAZ Secretary to the Mayor The following. let it be seated, is not a~ attempt to write the b~og· r.lphies of the distinguished citizens who. since the advent of A~cncan occupation in this country, h~\'C served a~ ~ayors o~ the City of Manila. Neither is it the intention of the wnter m preparing the follC?wing tines to make an exhaustive, . chronological _and c~mi;>lete review of the achievements of the former city Mayors dunng their incumbency. These are, rather mere reminiscences of one who has had t~e rare privilege of having in one way or another been connected with the Government of the City of Manila from September. 1905. to the present time. The writer has been an cye-wi~ness of. a .good many. if not all. of the e\•cnts herein narrated and. tn. mentioning them tn the manner they arc here set forth. he relics upon his personal knowle.dge and recollection of such C\'Cnts. In the language of Plato and Ulp1an. justice is nothing else but gi\·ing everyone his du.c. Thruout the prep· ;;nation of these lines, the writer has been guided by th~ tho~ that the best possible tribute that as a citizen of this cos~opoht an ~1ty he can render to those whose patrio1ism ;ind unswer\'lng dc\'Ot1on to 'duty han made the City of Manila what it is today, is t_o write out the following reminiscences so as to gin each of them his due, thus rendering unto Caesar the things th.u .ire Caesar's. HON: ARSENIO CRUZ HERRERA (August 7, 190 /--September 18, 1905) His is the distinction of being the first Mayor of Manila during American occupation. The City Government at the time was of course very different from that of the present and therefore Mayor Herrera's problems were different in nature from the problems of tod'ay. Appointed at a time when Filipino participation in the established government was almost nil. and when Filipino-American relations were still unsettled, to Mayor Herrera belongs the credit of having blazed the trail for those succeeding him, and of having proved the Filipinos' capacity to direct their City Government. That he remained Mayor for over four years is an indication that. as local Chief Executive, ·he "made good". that.when weighed in the balance he was not found wanting in those qualities of leadership that make a good executive. . At a time when America's policy in the Philippines was practically unknown, the relations between the Filipinos and Americans unsettled, and the shibboleths of "the Philippines for the Filipinos", "benevolent assimilation" and "the white inan's burden" were eloquently expounded by one side and roundly ridiculed and belittled by the other, Mayor Herrera gave proof of having the courage of his convtcttons ~nd of being fear~ess in the expression of what he thot was right. when, speaking at a public banquet in 1905 in the presence of Civil Governor William H. Taft and other ranking officials of the government. without mincing words in the least, be gave a straightfrom-the-shoulder expression of his views on the then FilipinoAmerican relationship, which views differed radically from the then known pronouncements on the subject. HON. FELIX MA. ROXAS (September 19, 1905--January 15, 1917) Considering the prestige and ability of the first City Mayor, no better choice for a successor could have been made than the appointment of Hon. Felix Ma. Roxas, one of the very _f~w Filipinos for whom Mr. Taft and his colleagues o.n the Ph1hppine Commission had genuine respect and adm1rat1on. By education, culture and social prominence, Mayor Roxas was eminently fitted to take up the task from where his predecessor left it. American-Filipino r~fations had at this time become s1;1fficiently clarified for both peoples to have a better perspectr1_1 e of what the goal of such relationship should be and direct their mutual efforts to the attainment of that goal. It was during Mayor Roxas' administration tha~ the City o~ Manila could be said to have entered upon a penod of truly intense growth and development. Then, too, the first manifestation~ ?f a new trend in political-thot in the City Government admrntstration took place. The Advisory Board was abolished and the Government of the City of Manila was vested in a Municipal Board of six members, three of whom were appointive, two elective, and with the City Engineer sitting as member ex-officio. Popular representation in the City Government having just been ushered in, to Mayor Roxas in his dual capacity as presiding officer of the _ Mu?icipal Boar_d and as City Executive, fell the lot of so dtreetmg the aff~trs of the City Government that only harmony and cooperation should result from the association of the two factions of the Board. which, due to the natural order of things then prevalent, must needs be antagonistic to each other. The handling 14 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 193) of such a difficult situation demanded tact. paticrice and forbearance. and Mayor Roxas proved himself equal to the situation and came out with flying colors. His social connections, his record as an energetic provincial executive and upright Judge who had mastered the law he administered,-all these stood him in good stead in his effort, universally regarded successful. to make his administration memorable in the history of the growth and progress of the city. Upon severing his connection with the City Government and after the enactment of the Jones Law. he was prevailed upon to accept the portfolio of Under-Secretary of Public Instruction, a position which he held with credit until he finally retired from the service of the government. DR. JUSTO LUKBAN (January 16. 1917--March 3, 1920) Of dynamic personality and will power, cautious and painstaking in planning a course of action but persistent and unswerving in its execution, Dr. Lukban typifies the able executive who, having made up· his mind to do a thing, goes ahead and does it regardless of consequences to himself. as Jong as he is convinced it is the right and proper thing to do. He belonged to that type of executives who get things done and expect those under them to do likewise. Dominant but never domineering in his ways, there was no phase of municipal administration during his time that did not feel the influence, the imprint, of his own dynamic personality. In the advocacy and defense of a principle, he was unyielding and uncompromising. Despite tremendous opposition and the great odds against which he had to contend, his administration of the affairs of the municipality was characterized by the great impetus given to the growth and development of the City of Manila. But a few of the most important public improvements undertaken thru Mayor Lukban's initiative and driving force of action will be mentioned: The widening and straightening of Rizal Avenue; the construction of the Jones Bridge; the erection of cement public baths and lavatories; and the construction of various concrete and wooden schoolhouses. Like all men of action. Mavor Lukban had an aversion to publishing beforehand what he intended doing with regard to a given question. Thus it was that. having inherited the "Red Light District" and the public dance halls from former municipal administrations, and altho at the beginning of his own he did nothing and said nothing concerning his precise position on either question. yet it was a fact that all the while he had been pondering deeply on the question and was even then carefully planning the course of action that he was later on to take in the matter. When, therefore, as was characteristic of him, he had completed his study of all possible angles to both questions and had his plans all prepared and ready for execution. the residents of Manila woke up one fine morning to learn that. like a bolt from a clear-blue sky, had come the abolition of the dancing schools and, afterwards, the closini>: of Manila's Yoshiwara District, together with the deportation of its inmates to Davao. where. thanks to Mayor Lukban. many of them are now living the lives of honest-to-!(oodness wives of hard-working plantation laborers. As was to be exoected, Mayor Lukban's action brot him no little harsh criticism an<l considerable legal entanglement. But. to his everlastin11 credit. let it be said in recognition of his vision and far-sightedness that. after he did away with both of them, not one of these institutions ever succeeded in again obtaining a foothold in Manila. The Harrison administration was generally believed to be synonymous with "Filipinization" of important government positions. However. to this very day. very few persons then connected with the City Government know that it wa~ only after Mayor Lukban exerted most strenuous efforts that he succeeded in getting Malacanang to acquiesce in the promotion of Filipino sergeants to the positions of captain in the city police force, and that in view of Malacanang' s persistent refusal to recognize the justice of Mayor Lukban's stand in this respect, there was even a time in the course of the negotiations when the Mayor was ready to resign, so thoroly convinced was he of the injustice to which the Filipino sergeants were then subjected. Yet. to the everlasting credit of the man, let it be said that while Dr. Lukban was Mayor, never did an employee, American or Filipino, have occasion to exclaim "Filipinization ! What inequities have been committed in thy name!" For, when some time after he succeeded in getting Filipino sergeants promoted to police captains there came a general clamor in season and out of season for the Filipinization of certain positions (that of head of an important City Department and certain positions of division chiefs) , Mayor Lukban's fine sense of justice made him turn a deaf ear to all of these unreasonable demands. Instead, he unhesitatingly appointed to these positions ranking American officials who, by their length of service and efficiency, were of right entitled to be promoted. With the coming of the Jones Law and the enactment of the Administrative Code. the Government of the City of Manila was vested in a Mayor and a Municipal Board, the former constituting the executive branch, and the latter, composed of ten elective members who held office for three years. the legislative body of the city. Thus, from a City Government during Mayor Herrera's administration composed of Americans aided by Filipinos, during Mayor Lukban's administration. our local government became one. of Filipinos aided by Americans. Mayor Luk ban's vetoes of certain measures enacted by the then Municipal Board. and his objections in writing to certain "requests" made of him by that body contributed in great measure to the clarification of the duties of the two coordinate and co-equal branches of the City Government and of the cardinal principle qf separation of powers existing between the executive and legislative branches thereof. As a final tribute to the memory of the man, well may it be said of him that the City of Manila became the richer for having had him as its Mayor. But as for Dr. Justo Lukban. he entered the service of the City of Manila a poor man and left it poorer still! THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 15 HON. RAMON J. FERNANDEZ (March 4. /920--Ju/y 16, 1923) His erect figure, distinguished carriage and serious mien at once place upon him the unmistakable stamp of the aristocrat that he is. However, one needs but feel the cordiality and warmth of his handclasp, or enjoy the privilege of a few minutes personal tete-a-tete with him, to convince himself that behind his port! y bearing and his seeming aloofness is a man as human. frank and democratic as the average Juan de la Cruz. Appointed to succeed Mayor Justo Lukban, he received as an inevitable legacy from the latter an elective Municipal Board with an ambitious program of public improvements conceived in the sincere and honest desire to give city residents value return for taxes paid, but approved and carried out at a time when a retrenchment policy. instead, would have been more appropriate. Soon after Mayor Fernandez assumed office, he found the Government of the City of Manila saddled with a deficit in its accounts amounting to almost PZ,000.000. Like the level-headed business man that he is, Mayor Fernandez at once busied himself with the problem of how he could carry on the activities of the city so that, w ithout aggravating the financial situation, the growth and development of the city might go on unhampered. The officials and employees who suffered greatly thruout the crisis then received help in the form of a "bonus" or over-salary. This "bonus" was continued. "Pay-day" which had a habit of coming around regularly, deficit or no deficit, must be attended to. Quietly but efficiently, the man at the helm strove to find ways and means out of the tight situation the City Government was in. Every city official knew that behind the placid countenance and quiet manners of the "Chief" was a man with a purpose, a man who, without bluster or blaring of trumpets was working toward a number of goals and that the least they could do was to put their shoulders to the wheel and "carry on." During this critical period when every now and then certain responsible city officials were wont to be pessimistic or become panic-stricken especially on pay-days, when no official, employee or laborer knew where his salary or wage was to come from or when he would get it, if at all, all turned to the Mavor a. • the one man called uoon, like Moses of old. to lead the City Government out of the wilderness of uncertainty that it was in. T hose were times that tried man's mettle; but, thruout the trying ordeal, Mayor Fernandez preserved a serenity and poise that instilled confidence and optimism among all. The Municipal Bo;ird Mayor Fernandez found in office was not returned by the local electorate when the dection of 1922 came. And toward the end of his administration. to add to his many problems. a Democrat,1 Municipal Board replaced the former Nacionalista Board. T he \Vilson regime in America gave way to the Harding regime. and the Harrison "era of good feeling" in the Philippines gave wa y to the Wood administration. T hru it all. Mavor Fernandez, always "fortiter in re" but "suavitrr in modo", unruffled by seemingly insurmountable difficulties and uncowed by the bitter criticisms hurled at his administration. simply "carried on". too busy with his plans and .Ktivitics to answer his critics back except with his characteristic smile which according to all those familiar with it possesses all the earmarks of an unfathomable enigma. Then. months before the close of his administration . .iust when new -fangled critics had beeun to lambast his administration for his alleged failure to differentiate "administrative theories" from " "administrative practices." whatever this may mean. in a spirit of "malice toward none but w ith charitv for all." Mayor Fernandez. when least expected. made public announcement of the fact that the City of Manila's almost !'2.000.000 deficit had alread y been completely settled with the Insular Treasury and. what was more. there was still a considerable unencumbered surplus available! Important as this achievement had been . yet his administration's chief claim to distinction lay in the relentless campaign Mayor Fernandez waged against gambling, opiumsmoking and other forms of commercialized vice, as well as against graft and bribery among those whose sworn duty it was to enforce the gambling laws and laws against other vices. So relentless and effective was chis campaign that Mayor Fernandez earned the soubriquet of "Terror of gamblers and grafters." Sacrificing rest and the comforts of home, nothing would do but that Mayor Fernandez himself must personally lead the activities connected w ith his anti-gambling crusade. T hus it is that thru his personal direction of all his anti-gambling and anti-opium plans, as well as the m odus operandi for the execution of such plans, Mayor Fernandez acquired such first-hand accurate knowledge of the gambling and opium situa~ion and ~he extent to which grafting and bribe-taking were indulged m by those concerned, chat, for once in the annals of the City Government, paper reports on the vice situation from the city official called upon by law to prepare and submit them became unnecessary and superfluous. Mayor Fernandez was aptly described as a man "fortiter in re; suaviter !n modo", but in his crusade against gambling. opiumsmokmg and other forms of commercialized vice, Mayor Fernandez handled all those guilty of dereliction to duty without !(loves as the unprecedentedly large number of policemen and detectives-Filipinos and Americans-dismissed from the service for cause during his administration would bear out. Ac one single time, several members of the City Police Department were summarily discharged from the service. Great was the stupefaction caused by so wholesale a dismissal of agents of the law: and order. But when· later on it became known that Mayor Fernandez had an actual snapshot taken of the act of giving as well as the act of taking of certain bribe money, and that Mayor Fernandez knew just how much each dismissed agent's share of the booty was. the oublic began co sit up and take notice of the crying need at the time of using without fear or favor the scalpel of summary dismissal and the application of the red-hot iron of public condemnation to the guilty. It might not be amiss to chronicle here that it was this anti-gambling crusade waged bv Mayor Fernandez that culminated in the celebrated Conley case. T here is no space, and neither is this an appropriate occasion for a full review 16 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 of the Conley case; suffice it to say that, as all the country remembers, it was the unexpected outcome of the Conley case that precipitated that memorable Cabinet crisis which, starting with the resignation of Mayor Ramon J. Fernandez, culminated in the wholesale resignation of all Secretaries of the Insular Government and the presiding officers of the Philippine Legislature. the former from the Insular Government and the Cabinet, and the latter from the Council of State. The issue involved in the whole controversy was laid squarely before the bar of public opinion. when, in a special senatorial election, with Hon. Ramon J. Fernandez as Juan de la Cruz' standardbearer, the popular election resulted in the candidate not supported by the people being completely snowed under. Starting his public career. therefore, as Mayor of the City of Manila, Hon. Ramon J. Fernandez ended it as senator of the Fourth Senatorial District, a position he held with credit to himself and to the people who elected him. HON. EULOGIO RODRIGUEZ (July 26, 1923-November 16, 1923) Appointed by Governor-General Wood as Acting Mayor of the City of Manila at a time when political passions ran high, Mayor Rodriguez's term ended when, three months after his assumption of the office, the Philippine Senate refused to confirm his appointment, and just when he had begun to acquire that grasp of the community's needs that would have enabled him to provide for them. HON. GERONIMO SANTIAGO (November 17, /92J-DrCPml>rr 14. 1923 ) Designated Acting Mayor by Governor-General Wood on November l 7, 1921, his appointment was turned down by the Philippine Senate on December 14, 1923, twenty-seven days after assuming office. HON. MIGUEL ROMUALDEZ (February 9, 1924-Augusr 27, 1927) The City of Manila was without a regular Mayor for more than six months due to the refusal of the Philippine Senate to confirm the appointment, first, of Hon. Eulogio Rodriguez and, later on, of Hon. Geronimo Santiago, for the position. City residents therefore, were agreeably surprised when the local papers early in February. 1924, carried the news of the confirmation by the Philippine Senate of the appointment of Hon. Miguel Romualdez for the Mayoralty. A member of the first Philippine Assembly and, at the time of his appointment, a practising attorney, Mayor Romualdez might have assumed the duties of his new office under the most auspicious circumstances; which, however, was not the case. To begin with, it was the general belief that Mayor Romualdez' appointment was readily confirmed by the Philippine Senate because, altho he was not then officially affiliated with the political party in power, yet his political leanings were with the ruling party because of his political background. Just after he assumed office, however, insinuations more or kss veiled went the rounds that before his appointment, Mayor Romualdez affiliated himself with the minority party to which the members of the then Municipal Board belonged, to insure, it was said, cooperation and harmony between the executive and legislative branches of the City Government. A third angle to the situation developed when it was openly bruited about that, being an active member of the "Asociaci6n de Veteranos" of which General Aguinaldo was supreme head, his appointment as City Executive was purposely made to bring about the ascendancy in the City Government of the "Veterano" faction which, as all will remember, had aligned itself against all those supporting the people in the Cabinet crisis, then the burning question of the day. Rising above the din and confusion caused by so many conflicting rumors was the significant fact that Mayor Romualdez' appointment carried the confirmation of the Philippine Senate and, to that extent at least, the stamp of popular approval. It was under such a chain of circumstances as this that Hon. Miguel Romualdez assumed the duties of Mayor of the City of Manila. It was not surprising, therefore, that from the very beginning of his administration Mayor Romualdez had on his hands a none too favorably disposed local press, a hostile Municipal Board and not a few influential members of the citizenry whose attitude toward him was not too favorable. And when protests of one kind or another were subsequently registered against the action taken by the new Mayor on certain official matters, these protests were invariably quashed or the Mayor's action openly upheld by the Governor-General's military advisers, this fact certainly did not help Mayor Romualdez' administration in establishing popularity with the people or in obtaining a just appraisal of whatever later achievements it could rightfully lay claim to. During the first year of Mayor Romualdez' administration, the first problem he had to face was to get the Municipal Board to approve a budget to replace the one which, upon court action instituted by certain City Government employees, was declared null and void by the Court of First Instance. Thruout his administration, he had budgetary troubles of one sort or another with the Municipal Board and on one oc~as!on he ~ven found it necessary to fall back on the appropnat1on .ordmance of a previous year to carry on the activities of the C1ty Government, in view of the failure of the Municipal Board to approve an appropriation ordinace at the close of a given year. Mayor Romualdez' administration must be credited· with having frustrated the attempted purchase on rental basis of six privately-owned wooden schoolhouses the assessed value of which was alleged to be not justified by their actual condition or worth. The administrative investigation conducted into the frustrated sale of this property resulted in the suspension of two or three members of the Municipal Board. Investigations of one kind or another succeeded this schoolhouse deal resulting in ·the term "City Hall" becoming linked with un~ savory comment of all sorts and description and with high officials becoming distrustful of each other. The atmosphere in the City Government became such that Mayor Romualdez himself, in a public utterance, jestingly and picturesquely rechristened the seat of the local government as "City Hell" and for a long time afterwards the name stuck. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 17 Besides the frustrated schoolhouse deal, among the salient events of this time were: The collection of voluntary contributions for the organization of the Rizal Memorial Stadium; the investigation of the filling in of the Stadium site; the entering into of the Haygood contract for the delivery of crushed stone and screenings. and the Rivero contract f9r the motorization of the city transportation service by a private contractor; the widening, straightening an asphalting of the present P. Burgos Avenue; the transfer of the administration of the city markets from the Department of Engineering and Public Works to the City Finance Department; and the purchase on the installment plan or construction of the Lukban Primary School on Calle Dart, the Santa Ana Elementary School. the Burgos Elementary School and the Singalong Elementary School. In the matter of public works, Mayor Romualdez' administration could not accomplish much on account of lack of funds. Mayor Romualdez' outstanding accomplishment, however. as claimed in an address he personally delivered before the Municipal Board, was his successful carrying on what little activities he was able to accomplish without the City Government incurring an overdraft in its accounts. Upon completing his first term. he was reappointed by Governor-General Wood, but a few hours after his departure for an extended tour of Europe and America, the Philippine Senate refused to confirm his appointment, thus bringing to a close his administration of the affairs of the City Governrrent. HON TOMAS EARNSHAW (December I. 1927, to date) Acquiring by dint of perseverance and hard work the technical education which was later on to be his stepping-stone from the rank and file of the laboring class to the responsible position he occupies in the large concern that bears his name and. subsequently, to the managership of the vast business enterprise that the Government of the City of Manila really is,- this. in brief and rapid strokes, is a pen-picture of Hon. Tomas Earnshaw, the present Mayor of the City of Manila. Endowed with a keen sense for the aesthetic and a practical turn of mind that irks at delays and drawbacks caused by government red tape which more often than not, hinders the smooth functioning of government machinery, Mayor Earnshaw' s hobby par excellence is the beautification of the City of Manila. Altho the "Manila Beautiful" movement was begun in a previous administration, it remained for Mayor Earnshaw to give the movement an expression that adequately fits his conception of it. It is this conception of his of what the "Manila Beautiful" movement represents, that from the very beginning of his administration, ma.de him strive to take the City of Manila as he found it and leave it a more beautiful city than it had ever been. For instance, Mayor Lukban brot about the widening and straightening of the street line of Rizal Avenue; Mayors Fernandez and Romualdez asphalted it: but it is Mayor Earnshaw's love of the beautiful that caused him to exert all possible efforts to complete its construction and development and to provide it, as well as the Dewey Boulevard, the Luneta, Burgos Avenue, Magallanes Drive, Plaza Lawton, the Escolta, and other public places in the city, with attractive ornamental lights which add greatly to the their present aspect. Mayor Earnshaw's comprehensive "Program of City Government Activities" which he prepared at the commencement of his administration reveals the thoroness of his grasp of the present and future needs of the city. His future plan for the proposed Harrison Park is another manifestation of the present Mayor's love for the beautiful, while the construction of schools, public buildings, markets, important avenues connecting Manila with the neighboring provinces and municipalities as outlined by him in his above-mentioned program of activities. attests his sense of the practical and of the useful. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE havinl! made this. its current issue, a CITY GOVERNMENT NUMBER. a fairly srnod summary of what has so far been accomplished during Mayor Earnshaw's administration may be had from a perusal of the articles published herein. particularly the article "Present-day Manila; Its Problems and Its Needs", and all information appearing under the caption "Delving Into the Archives." Like the cautious business man that he is. after making an inventory as it were of the assets. liabilities and needs of the Government of the City of Manila and recording the results of the survey he made in the form of a detailed program of city government activities (published elsewehere in this issue) , Mayor Earnshaw, aware of his own limitations and of the truth of the adage"'Man proposes, and God disposes," was careful enough to conclude this document with the following significant statement, "Briefly stated, gentlemen, the above is the policy which I propose to follow while I have under my charge the direction of the affairs of the Clty of Manila. This policy may undergo alteration in cases where such alteration be clearly necessary either because of timely suggestions on the part of that Hononbie Body or because we find it necessary to adjust this policy to existing conditions which, at times, render the besr of intentions impracticable." "El Nido". Constructed by Atty. and Mrs. E . • · Perkins and LVir.ner in the "Houu Btautiful" contest in 19 2 5. 18 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 THE HOUSE BEAUTIFUL CONTEST By LUIS GONZALEZ One of the important steps taken by the City Government to promote the "Manila Beautiful" program is the holding of an annual house beautiful contest. It was initiated on June 5, 1924 by the City Chief Executive, the then Mayor Miguel Romualdez in the followingPROCLAMATION "WHEREAS being the seat of the Philippine Government and the most important city of the Philippine Islands, Manila is called upon to lead in all that means modern comfort, beauty and elegance in citizens' homes or residences; "WHEREAS. all efforts in encouraging the construction of comfortable homes in the City would necessarily result in the beautification of the City itself; "WHEREAS, to secure the above ends it is meet thiH, as in other community undertakings of general nature, some SOM of incentive or stimulus which have always prond effective in furrhering such movements, should be provided those who are in a position to help push the idea to realization; "NOW, THEREFORE, I. M. Romualdez, Mayor of the City of Manila, hereby announce to the public in general that on December 30, 1924, and every year thereafter, on the same date, there will be awarded by the Government of the City of tvlanila to the three residents of the City who have. during the year in which the awards are made, constructed or caused to be constructed the three prettiest, most artistic as well as the most comfortable residences within City limits, three bronze plates for first, second and third prizes. containing in relief the official coat of arms of the Philippine Government and the following inscriptions: PRIZE AWARD OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE CITY OF MANILA to FOR THE BEST CONSTRUCTION IN 1924 "ANNOUNCEMENT is further made to the <ffect that the above a wards will be based upon such terms and conditions as may later on be prescribed and publicly announced by a permanent Jury on Awards consisting of: T he City Engineer Hon. R. J. Fernandez (Senator) The City Architect Mr. The Sanitary Engineer The President, Institute- of Engineers Mr. Enrique Carrion George B. Asp .. ANNOUNCEMENT is made. lastly, that the granting of these awards will be made in the course of public ceremonies fitting and appropriate for the occasion. "DONE in the City of Manila, under my hand and seal, this fifth day of June, A. D., I 924. M. ROMUALDEZ Mayor, City of Manila." The Jury on Awards was thus composed of citizens selected not only for their training to appreciate the beautiful, but because of their knowledge of architecture. In awarding the prizes, the members of the jury took into consideration the comfort, beauty, elegance and the architectural features of every entry as well as its hygienic and artistic merits. Of the six residential buildings entered in the contest in the year 1924, the Jury on Awards decided that only one merited a prize and so the only prize given for that year was awarded to the residence of Judge Jose Abreu at I 040 Indiana. The following year, the Jury awarded two prizes, namely: First prize, to the residence of Attorney E. A. Perkins at 6 I 5 Dewey Boulevard; and second prize, to that of Judge Luis P. Torres. at 611 San Marcelino. In 1926. three prizes were awarded as follows: First prize, the building of Alfonso Tiaoqui at 1157 Carolina: second prize, that_ of Paz Zamora at the corner of P. Faura and Colorado; and . third prize, that of Emilio de Moreta at the corner of Isaac Peral and Florida. Three prizes were also given in 1927: First, the residence of M. N. Tuazon at 596 Taft Avenue; second, that of Jose Araneta at 145 Cortabitarte; and third, that of C. R. Miranda at 141 Plaza Moriones. Besides, honorable mention was awarded to the house of Jose R. Zamora at 1393 Gral. Luna~ Interest in the contest has greatly increased so that buildings whose values range from less than Pl 0,000 to as much as P l ,000,000 were entered. Because of the wide range cf values of entries it was necessary to modify the proclamation so as to afford a fair chance to those of lesser values. So in a subsequent proclamation, and because of the desire of Mayor Tomas Earnshaw to give emphasis to the contest, the entries were classified into groups. as follows: Residence of Mrs. JoS'efa Esca{er, on Arlequi Extension; a prize winner in the contest of 1929. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE For JANUARY. 1933 19 One prize for the most hygienic and artistic residential building, the cost of which does not exceed Pl0,000. One prize for the most h)•gienic cmd artistic residential building, cost of which does not exceed P50.000. One prize for the most h ygienic and artistic residential building, the cost of which is more than PS0,000. One: prize for the most artistic building for business or commercial purposes. One prize for the most hygienic and artistic "accesoria.'' An honorary prize to be given to the owner of the most artistic ground. The Jury on Awards was also reorganized with the following membership: Chief, Div. of Bldg., Const. and lnsp. Dr. Paz Mcndoza-Guazon Mr. C. Mandelbaum Mr. Tomas Arguelles Mr. Alfredo Carrion Mr. Nicolas E . Adamos Residence of .lose Amneta, 14 5 Cortabitarte; a prize winner in the contest of 1927. Chairman Member Member }.,fembu Member Srcrerary Under the new arrangement, the Jury awarded three prizes for residential buildings in 1928; namely, the building owned by Jacobo Zobel. located at 973 M. H. de! Pilar valued at more than P50,000; the house owned by Mrs. Rosario Guidote J . de Basa at 893 ·Lepanto, valued at less than P50,000; and the house owned by Manuel S. Concepcion, located at 1659 Dominga, costing less than Pl 0,000. For business and commercial purposes, the Samanillo Building at 619 Escolta, valued at P500,000, owned by Luis Perez Samanillo was awarded the prize. Honorable mention was given the residential buildings owned by Dr. Vicente Japson at 309 Moriones street and Lourdes Paz Singian Residence of N ieQeS B. de Gonzales, 19 J J winner in the House Beautiful Contest, for houses costing more than fifty thousand pesos. located at the corner of Calle Arquiza and L. Guerrero. The home garden owned by Manuel S. Concepcion, 1659 Dominga. also merited honorable mention. In the construction of the residence known as "La Casona" of Jacobo Zobel, special care was given to every minute detail of its architectural features. To give an insight into its construction, there is quoted hereunder a paragraph from its description prepared by the architect A. Luna de San Pedro, viz: "Todo cl estilo empleado tanto en la habitaci6n o residencia, garage by caballcri7.as, portcria y IJv.rndcria. diseiio de\ jardin. fuen· tcs. etc .. etc .. es cl de RENACIMIENTO ESPA1'10L adoptado e inspirado a las condicioncs climarolOgicas de estos tr6picos. Todos los ex1criores de las cdificios son uatados con el m.:is puro estilo cvidndosc roda composiciOn o ornamrnto quc desdiga el conjunto de composici6n. La sobriedad cxijida par el csrilo de la arquitec· tura fuC base principal sabre la cu.ll se 1lev6 a c.1bo dcsde un prin· cipio la ejecuci6n de las planes y la construcci6n." As to the Samanillo Building. the following is said: "EI estilo de la arquitectura del edificio en general es moderno, de line.is rectas y continuas, procurindose dar todo el valor a las mate:riales empleados. de las cuiles predomina el hormig6n armada. Toda la parte exterior del edficio se ha revocado con una maceria nueva Hamada "CIMENT PIERRE" de Francia. La parte ornamental de escultura se ha ejecucado con cementa extra blanco "LAFARGE" y polvos de marmol de Romblon. El acabado de todos los marcos de acero de las ventanas y la marquesina de las tiendas se ban pintado imitando verde antique." The Jury on Awards. believing that something more than the bronze plate should be given as prize in this contest so 20 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 as to afford a better inducement to the residents of the City to construct buildings with architectur_al features which may be entered in the contest, recommended that the regulations governing the contest be amended so as to include cash prizes :is follows: PI ,000 to the most artistic commercial and business building: PI.000 for the best residential building: P500 for the second and P300 for the third. and Pl 00 for the best and most beautiful garden, but no action on this recommendation could be taken as the City of Manila is not empowHed by its charter to grant cash pr_izes. Constructions awarded prizes in 1929 were those of Mrs. J osefa Escalcr-Fcrnandez on Arlegui Extension and that of Dr. Guillermo Rustia at 919 Taft Avenue, first and second prizes. respectively under Group B, and that of Arthur Wagner at 120 l Ag no under Group C. The garden of Judge Arsenio Locsin was also awarded a prize. The building of Judge Arsenio Locsin is situated ?n Taft }\venue Extension having a clear view of the Manila Bay. It is of the Italian Renaissance type with slight modifications to conform with the general characteristics of the colonial Spanish architecture. Externally, it looks simple_. but it h1s a plan meeting the exigencies of modern requirements of comfort, beauty, and elegance with architectural features carefully designed and grouped to form a well unified structure. The building is of reinforced concrete and of hard wood, roofed with heavy corrugated galvanized iron. The interior is finished entirely with first class hardwood paneling. The Residence of Jacobo Zobel. known a~ "La Ca. <nna". 973 M. H. do/ Pilar. a prize u.:inna in the contest of 1928. floor of the sala is of selected tindalo alternating with molave, while the rest is of narra. The ceiling is finished with <1sbestos paneling. The prize winners in I 930 were the buildings of Carlos Crystal Arcade Building of TaveraLuna, Inc. , Esco/ta, 193J winner in the Hcuse Beautiful Contest For commercial and office buildings, costing more than ,500,000. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 21 Perez Rubio at 150-160 Vito Cruz, Group A: Joaquin Baltazar at 1001 Taft Avenue, Group B. and the Insular Life Building. Group D. Honorable mention was awarded the building of Manuel E. Pablo at 2960 Herran, and those of Mr. Jose Syquia at 1142-46 Dakota and 1810-19 Remedios. Several entries were received for the year 19 31 and prizes were awarded by the Jury as follows: The buildings of Major V. Lim at 168 Vito Cruz and Mrs. Rosario Garcia de Pons at 521 San Antonio, first and second, respectively, under group B and the residences of Mrs. Clotilde Bernal at Navarra-Laonglaan and Mr. Antonio Nera at 15 33 Calixto Dy-Y co, first and second prizes, respectively under group C. In the group for commercial and office buildings. those of Mr. L. R. Aguinaldo at 514-20 Juan Luna and Mrs. Jovita P. Bonifacio at 110 Dart won the first and second prizes, respectively. In the group for apartments, the prize was awarded to that of Mrs. Petrona Nakpil Vda. de Bautista at 558-60 Taft Avenue. Honorable mention was given the buildings of Dr. Eusebio D. Aguilar at 15 70 Calixto Dy-Yeo, Int. and Mrs. Maxima Pobre-Quianzon at 2481 Su lo. Because of the present marked tendency of the residents to construct better houses which may be stimulated and encouraged by the annual House Beautiful contest being held under the auspices of the City Government, there is every reason to expect that the City of Manila will have buildings which will fairly compare with those of more advanced cities. If this program is carried out, undoubtedly the City of Manila will, in the near future. be rightly called "Manila Beautiful". City of Manila OFFICE OF THE MAYOR PROCLAMATION WHEREAS. being the seat of the Philippine Gov<rnment and the most important city of the Philippine Islands, Manila is called upon to lead in all the means modern comfort. beauty and elegance in citizens' homes or residences and commercial houses: WHEREAS. ail effor1s . in encouraging the construction of comfortable homes in the City will necessarily result in the beauti~ fication of the City itself: Geronimo de los Reyes Building ,;Queen of Manila's Skyscrapers" WHEREAS, to secure the above ends it is most necessary that as in othH community undertakings of a general nature, some sort of incentive or stimulus which has always proved effective in furthering such movements, should be provided these who are in a position to help push the idea to realization; NOW. THEREFORE. I TOMAS EARNSHAW. Mayor of the City of Manila. hereby announce to the public in general thJ.t on the second Monday of February, 1913, and every year thereafter. on the same day, prizes will be awarded by th Government of the City of Manila to the residents of the City who, during the year preceding the one in which the awards are made, have constructed or caused to be constructed within the City limits the most hygienic and artistic buildings. the award to be subject to the rules given below: First-The prizes will be g.iven to the owners who, in the opinion of the Jury, have constructed the most hygienic an<l artistic buildings of Lhc classe.~ mentioned. during the year of the contest. Second-An honorary prize will lihwise be given to the owner of the most artistically laid out piece of ground. acco'rding to the decision of the Jury, ina.uguratcd during the said year. Third-The contestants for these prizes wilt file their respective applications with the Secretary to the Mayor, beginning on the day following that of the insertion of the present notice in the newspapers. Fourth-A descriptive memorandum of the building or ground and protographs of the same must accompany the Jpplic.uion. Fifth-No prize will be awarded to the building. the construction of which is not in accordance with the provisions of the municipal ordinances. Sixth-A Jury on Awards is hereby named. consisting of: Asst. City Engineer. Chairman Mr. Vicccrino Edados. Member Col. L. J . Van Schaik. Membec Mr. Alfredo Carrion. Member Dr. Paz-Mendoza Guazon, Mr. Nicolas E. Adamos. Secret.try Member TOMAS EARNSHAW Mayor, City of Manila. The above jury on January 20, 1933, announced the following awards: Group A-Residential buildings costing more than P50,000. First prize, Nieves B. de Gonzales, 915 A. Mabini. Architect, Juan F. Nakpil. Group B-Residential buildings costing from Pl 0,000 to P50,000. First prize, Dr. R. N. Wright, 578 Taft Avenue. Designed by Jose E. Wright, C. E.: Honorable Mention, Dona Filomena R. de Legarda, 176-180 Vito Cruz. Architect, Juan F. Nakpil. Group C-Residential buildings costing less than Pl 0.000. First prize, Dr. Mateo Bautista, Craig, Dimasalang. Group D-Commercial and office buildings costing more than f'S00,000. First prize, Crystal Arcade, Escolta: Tavera-Luna, Inc. Group E- Commercial and office buildings costing not more than P500.000. First prize, office building of Geronimo de los Reyes, Plaza Cerv;rntes. Architect, Juan F. Nakpil. Honorable Mention, Dr. V. S. Afable, Calle Espana. In making this award the Jury was impressed by what the contestant had been able to do with the amount of P85,000, only. Standing out in striking preeminence among the new commercial structures of modern Manila is the Crystal Arcad~, me!ltioned above ~s the prize winner under Group D. This unique and beautiful structure marks the culminafrin of the series of recent building operations which have completely altered the sky'line of Manila's chief business section ~nd transfo.rmed it from a medieval to a modern city. It 1s an enduring monument to the genius of its architect and builder, Mr. A. Luna de San Pedro, well known as the designer of various winners in previous "House Beautiful" contests, among which may be mentioned the Perez-Samanillo building, El Nido, La Casona, the Antonio Nera building, together with the residences of Jose B. Araneta and of Mrs . . Josefa Escaler. Still another handsome edifice is that of Mr. Geronimo de los Reyes, awarded First Prize among buildings costing up to half a million. It too will stand as a worthy monument to its architect and builders. 22 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 DELVING INTO THE ARCHIVES Program of Government Activities Presented by Mayor Tomas Earnshaw Upon assuming the duties of his position as the City's chief executive. Mayor Tomas Earnshaw at once began work on the formation of a plan of activities to be undertaken by his administration. On January 3, 1928. his very complete and comprehensive plan was made known. Present space permits only a brief resume of the activities ·outlined therein. The first subject to which attention was given was that of sanitation and hygiene. In this connection the mayor stated that all means at hand should be made use of in order that the sanitation. hygiene . and improvement of the city might be brought to the highest possible level. To this end he proposed the opening of roads through low and swampy portions of the city and the construction of the necessary bridges across the Pasig, particularly at the point where the extension of Mendiola Street crosses this river. He advocated, for the filling in of the extensive lowlands of the city, the use of the Pl ,000,000 which the city was authorized by the Legislature to raise by issuing bonds to that amountthis expenditure to be made in a reversible form so that the proceeds from the proposed bond issue should become a permanent revolving fund. Additional recommendations to the same end included the construction of both sanitary sewers and storm drains. for the carrying off of surface water. The present system of sanitary sewers. it was stated, barely covers one-third of the city; whereas "public hygiene requires that this service like the water supply should reach all districts. Owing to the limitations of this sewer system the pail service had to be established in zones inhabited by the laboring classes." The extension of the sewers was strongly urged in order to make possible the establishment thereby of adequate toilets, baths and laundries. The system of storm drains was stated to be still more incomplete, and recommendation was made that it be extended to Rizal Park, Rizal Avenue Extension, and Sulucan subdivision. Explaining that the "esteros" are the natural canals for the carrying off of rain-water their sanitation by proper dredging was also urged. "In this manner the effects of floods will be mitigated and the nauseating odors emanating from them during the dry season will be eliminated." THE HOUSING PROBLEM This problem is presented as one of prime importance. The places where "laborers generally live, whether this be in the ancient dwelling places in lntramuros where the habitants are crowded in narrow rooms with neither light, space nor ventilation so indispensable to all human beings, or in the thickly populated districts of Tondo and other districts where laborers live in light material houses erected in swampy places and constructed near to each other without rules or regulations whatsoever having been followed as to their layout, improvement or sanitation. The remedy for this evil must be sought, either by suggesting to the large commercial and industrial concerns that they cooperate in. the solution of this difficult problem by constructing in the imlfl2diate vicinity of their offices and factories, or in any other appropriate place, groups of houses to accommodate their laborers at moderate prices which, together with the laborers' villages (barrios obreros) which the city must necessarily provide in the four cardinal points of the city, would constitute a relief to the laboring classes in one of their most pressing necessities." GARBAGE DISPOSAL "It is advisable that the garbage collected daily be destroyed by incineration instead of being employed for the filling in of lowlands, because of the continuous protests that this system brings about. In order that the service may be adequate, it is necessary that there be one incinerator north of the Pasig River and another south of it." SPRINKLING AND CLEANING OF STREETS AND CANALS "Hygiene requires that the sprinkling and cleaning of streets be done with necessary frequency and care and that, as an effective means of preventing the stagnation of water, and the multiplication of mosquitoes, the canals be given a thoro cleaning at least once a week. To remedy the present deficiencies in the service, the acq~isition of two modern sprinkling trucks with flusher that may be operated one on each side of the Pasig River is recommended. The acquisition of these apparatuses would bring the following advantages: that their use will eliminate the dust from the asphalt pavements, besides effecting the cleaning of the canals. Both of these ad_~ vantages will improve the hygienic conditions of the public roads.' RESIDENTIAL AND INDUSTRIAL ZONES "Section 120 of the 1927 Revised Ordinances establishes these zones in the City of Manila, but this section includes but one part of the city. This fact is the cause of complaints and protests in those places not zonified whenever licenses arc granted to certain industries which, tho not noxious to health are, however, a nuisance since they disturb the tranquillity and rest of the people of those places because of the odor, dust, smoke and noise which they produce. The zonification ordinance should include all the districts in order that the inhabitants may know once and for all what place to select for a quiet and peaceful residence. Careful considtration hereof is recommended in order that this necessity may be duly provided for." BUILDINGS "A City Hall, in lieu of the one we now have, is urgently needed. Aside from the ruinous condition of the present building, it is inadequate for the number of offices housed in it. It lacks safety vaults in which to keep the records of public and private properties, now constantly exposed to destruction by fire. From the efforts exerted toward providing for this necessity, we inferred that the most appropriate step to take would be to obtain from the Insular Government a just price for the old "Ayuntamiento" and, adding to what may be obtained therefor, whatever amount may be necessary, forthwith construct on the south side of the land occupied by the present City Hall a modern edifice with all necessary rooms for the proper accommodation of all departments of the City Government, including the Municipal Court.'' ."S~ho?lhou~es.-One of the most important problems for this city 1s, as 1t always has been, to provide the city schools in ~he. different districts with adequate buildings. A great maJonty of those now used are leased from private partiq and these buildings do not have the conditions that buildings of this nature should possess. The Department of City ~chools urges the construction of the following school buildings: THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 23 I. Manila West High School building. 2. Manila North High School building. 3. Manila East High School building. 4. Herbosa School building. 5. Addition to the Jefferson Primary school. 6. Santa Clara Primary School building annex. 7. Lincoln Primary School building annex. 8. Santa Mesa Primary School building. 9. Soler Elementary School building. For the lease of schoolhouses of private ownership the city spends the amount of 1'266,335.35 annually, which money may be saved by the city's constructing the necessary buildings out of the proceeds of the bonds proposed to be issued as per indication made in that part of this message relating to "'Finance". Police Precincts.-The police force is at present quartered in two precincts: Precinct No. 1-Luneta-which looks after the territory on the south side of the Pasig River with a population of approximately 100.000 inhabitants, and Precinct No. 2-Meisic-which has under its charge approximately 250,000 inhabitants living on the north side of said river. The Police Department makes known the inadequacy of the distribution of the police force and proposes that Manila be subdivided into six precincts which would require the construction, at convenient points, of four additional police stations which, with the two now existing, would complete the six recommended. We believe the reforms required by so important a service to be worth considering and we are of the opinion that the four buildings mentioned should be constructed. The change made fifteen years ago suppressing the precincts in Gagalaiigin, Paco, Sta. Cruz and Plaza de! Carmen resulted to the detriment of the efficiency of the service. Fire Stations.- The Fire Department requests the construction of two more stations,--one in Malate, and another in Tondo--very necessary for the needs of the service due to the ·increase in building constructions in residential districts and the rapid expansion of mercantile and industrial centers. We believe the taxpayers of this city have a right to these improvements if it is considered that they are the ones who yield 60% of what is collected by way of internal revenues thruout the archipelago. Sanatorium.-Neither the Insular Government nor the City Government has, at present, a Sanatorium possessing proper conditions. The construction in the city of a building of this kind is, therefore, a pressing necessity inasmuch as the city has her numerous patients accommodated for this purpose in a house of private ownership." BRIDGES AND WHARVES Under this heading the mayor urges the early installation of ornamental illuminating fixtures for the lighting of Jones Bridge as well as the full completion of the bridge itself; the reconstruction of Las Damas Bridge; the widening and repair of the Preti! Bridge; the proper finishing of the paving and other details of the Dasmariiias Bridge; the extension of Muelle de! Banco Nacional from Callejon Soda to Jones Bridge in order that traffic blockades on the Escolta may be avoided. Among many other recommendations included in the may or's plan are: - The conversion of Harrison Park into "a modern park equipped with the necessary attractive features to induce the public to frequent it in preference to others." ' The extension and completion of Rizal Avenue. The expropriation of property needed for the widening of Dasmariiias Street and its construction in that portion included between Juan Luna and Rosario. The early occupation of the South Cemetery. The immediate demolition of Paco Cemetery, with the preservation of the chapel because of its artistic value and historical interest. The enlarging of the present areas of the most important markets or the construction of annexes thereto because of "'the general demand for more space which would benefit the collection of fees paid for the occupation of stalls." Continuance of the policy of asphalting the streets of the ctiy. Fixing in a visible place for the guidance of strangers and city residents themselves the names of all streets. The rigorous following of the system adopted for the numbering of houses. Improvement of the important service of public lighting. to prevent accidents and for personal protection. The reorganization, at a subsequent time, of the police force and the purchase of motorcycles for the proper control of automobile traffic; also the acquisition of Ford automobiles for the rapid conveyance of reenforcements in emergency cases. Improvement of fire fighting equipment and the installation of more hydrants on account of the increase of new building constructions. PROPOSED LEGISLATIVE MEASURES In order that the city coffers may be regularly furnished with the wherewithal necessary to meet the ever increasing needs of the city, we should request from the legislature the enactment of the following measures: 1 st.-That Section 491 of the Administrative Code of 1917 be amended in the sense that, in the distribution by the Insular Treasury of internal revenue allotments, the maximum allotment that the city may receive therefrom be not fixed on the basis of the allotment in 1909; 2nd. That the City of Manila be vested with authority to impose taxes for licenses and permits on any of the industries and occupations which, to this date, are not subject to the payment of such taxes for lack of power on the part of the city to impose same; 3rd.-That the permanent continuing appropriation of one million pesos provided for in Section 2442 of the Administrative Code of 1917 in favor of the City of Manila, which was omitted in the 1922 Appropriation Law of the Insular Government, be reestablished. ARGUMENTS SUPPORTING THESE MEASURES 1st. The internal revenues collected at present are much greater than those collected in the year 1909 and, therfore, if the distribution thereof is effected on the basis of the present collection, the City of Manila would receive approximately P400,000 instead of P87,500 which it now receives by reason of the limitation imposed in section 491 of the Administrative Code of 1917. 2nd.-There exist, at present, many occupations and industries in this capital city which do not pay the corresponding taxes by way of permit or license fees, the reason therefor being that we are not authorized by the present Charter of the City of Manila to impose such taxes. 3rd.-The reasons which justify the action of the City in requesting that the suspension of the appropriation of Pl.000,000 which, up to 1922 has appeared in the Insular Government Appropriation · Laws in favor of the City, be now raised, clearly appear in Section 2442 of the Administrative Code of 1917 providing for such an appropriation, in that portion of same which reads : "Sec. 2442. * * In consideration of the privileges and exemptions enjoyed by the Insular Government within the city, and the burden imposed upon the city by reason of the location therein of the capital of the Islands, there is hereby created a permanent, continuing * * • ." The fact should be made known that, previous to the enactment of the provision above referred to, the appropriation for this purpose was Pl.250,000. In support of the first and third arguments, mention should be made of the fact that during the fiscal year 1926, the total 24 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 income from internal revenues collected in the Philippine Islands amounted to l"53,339,298.39 of which l"32,236,915.60 was collected by the treasury of the City Manila. From these figures, it may be inferred that 60'/o of this collection was paid by taxpayers of the City of Manila, while the remaining 40 '/o was paid by other taxpayers and jointly collected by the different provinces and municipalities of the archipelago. This service rendered gratuitously each year by the City of Manila, not only to the Insular Government, but to all the provincial and municipal governments of the Philippines as well, entitles the city to make the request in the I st. and 3rd. propositions hereinabove enumerated. The permanent improvements which are necessary cannot be undertaken without considerable extraordinary funds on hand obtainable only thru authorized loans. To this end, we should examine the fiduciary capacity of the city taking into account the bonds issued to date. The bonds issued by the city are ; (a) p8,000,000 for the water and sewerage system. Up to 1926, P4,717,000 has been paid to the credit of this loan leaving, therefore, an unpaid balance of 1'3,283.000 which thru yearly p_ayments will be totally paid up in 19 3 8. (b) 1'5,500.000 for public improvements issued in 1922. (c) l'I.000.000 authorized by Act No. 3352, for the filling in of city lowlands . .. Obligations (b) and (c) subsist and form a total of p6~1~~~0?~~ Metropolitan Water District has assumed obligation (a), by Act No. 2832 the city is. however, held subsidiarity liable for same. This responsibility for the unpaid balance of P3.283,000 is so remote that we may as welt ignore it in this computation. The City of Manila has a right to issue bonds to an amount not exceeding 10 % of the assessed value of the real estate properties within the city subject to tax.Hion. The total assessed value of these properties in 19 26 amounted to 1'249,510.000. Ten per cent (I 0 % ) of this amount is PH.95 I.000 from which deducting P6.500.000, the total of obligations (b) and (c), there would remain a balance of Pl 8,451,000 for future loans in accordance with Sec. 11 of the Act of Congress of May 3 I. 1922. In order to have funds available for urgent improvements of permanent character, it is requested that the necessary authority be requested from the Legislature for the· issue of Pl 0,000,000 worth of bonds. Briefly stated, the above is the policy which I propose to follow while I have under my charge the direction of affairs of the city of Manila. This policy may undergo alteration where such alteration is necessary. . . . to adjust this policy to existing conditions which, at times, render the best of intentions impracticable. The Genesis of the Metropolitan Theater On a day in the month of April, nearly five years ago, seven well-known citizens of Manila received in their mail the following letter, the sending of which marked the initial step in connection with the herculean task of providing this city with its long dreamed of, modern theater. Sir: April 16, 1928. Permit me to inform you that I have this date designated you Member of the Theater Committee in the sincere belief that you would accept this assignment. and that you will lend your valuable cooperation to the realization of the project of establishing a modern theater in Manila the undertaking of which has already been attempted several times. As conslitutcd, the membership of th~ Theater Committee is as follows : Mr. H. B. Pond, Chairman: Hon. Rafael Palma, Member; Hon. B. A. Tan, Member: Mr. A. D. Williams, Member; Mr. Santiago Artiaga. Member ; Mr. Andres Luna de San Pedro, Member: and Mr. J. L. Pierce. Member. Enclosed you will find an enumeration of details that may serve as basis for the purpose indicated. These details may be changed or modified in the manner the committee may deem most convenient. A resplendent gem in the diadem of Manila Beautiful- THE METROPOLITAN THEATER THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 25 Thanking you in advance for your cooperation, I remain Very respectfully, (Sgd.) T. EARNSHAW, Mayor, City of Manila. With the acceptance of their assignments as members of the Theater Committee by the seven persons above named, the final movement for the carrying out of the long-chenshcd purpose was definitely launched. The second step toward the goal was taken. when the co_mmittee, at the call of Chairman Pond, held its first meet1 ng at the office of the Mayor, City Hall, on April 23rd. In view of the significance and importance of this first committee meeting in the history of the Metropolitan Theater, the minutes of the same are given herewith: The meeting was called to order by Mayor T. Earnshaw in his office at the City Hall, at 4 :45 P. M., the following gentlemen being in attendance: Present Mr. H. B. Pond Mt. Santiago Arti•ga Mr. A. D. Williams Mr. J. L. Pierce Mr. Andres Luna de San Pedro A_bsent Hon. Rafael Palma Hon. B. A. Tan Mayor Earnshaw opened the meeting by informing the Committee tbat the City had several times attempted to construct a theater but tbat the project did not materializ.e due ~o lack of capital, on one hand. and co the lack of a suitable site for the proposed theater, on the other, the ownership of the land intended for the purpose being then in dispute. As matters stand now, however. the only thing lacking for the City to consider itself as the rightful owner of this land is the signature of the G~ve~n?r General. As to whether the City can sell this land to any md1v1dual or company who might be interested in this theater business, the Mayor informed the Committee that he had a~ready secured the opinion of the City Fiscal who stated that the Cuy, by resol.ution of the Municipal Board, could sell the land at the nominal pnce of Pl .00 a square meter. .. . . . The Mayor then mentioned the comment by . The Ph1hppmes Herald" in its editorial of April 20, 1928 relative to the need of making the proposed theater of greater capacity than the ~eat~ng capacity intended. Forthwith the Mayor produced the cltppmg and asked the Secretary of the Committee to read it, which he did. After the reading of this editorial. several members of the Committee remarked that the theater contemplated in the editorial is altogether too large for the City of Manila and that were it to be constructed, the performances would seldom see a full house in attendance. Continuing his remarks, the Mayor asked the Secretary to read the Committee an indorsement of Governor-General Stimson dated April 4, 1928 wherein the Chief Executive made reference to the number of lots to be transferred to the City of Manila as actually needed for the theater, and of the fact that no mention has been made to him of how the construction of this theater would be .financed. At this juncture, Mayor Earnshaw relinquished the chair to Mr. Pond who presided over the meeting to the end. The .first matter submitted by the Chairman for the consideration of the Committee was the question of how the theater should be financed,-whether by interesting people from the United States, particularly those owning the controlling interest in foreign moving picture companies. or by having the theater financed locally thru any one of the means already resorted to by other enterprises in Manila. After a thoro consideration of the pros and cons of each of tbtse two possible methods for financing the proposed theater, the Committee decided to make it of record that it was the concensus of opinion among the individual members of the Committee that the proposed theater should be financed loca11y. Following the above decision, ait informal discussion among the members of the Committee ensued as to the manner in which the necessary capital may be secured locally. Two or three means were one after another informally discussed bUt no .final decision was arrived at altho the plan followed in financing the Manila Hotel. as roughly described by the Chairman, was tentatively agreed upon. Briefly, and following the Manila Hotel plan, the proposed theater will be financed as follows : one-third of the cost of the project will be raised by the community, the remaining t wo-thirds to be covered by a bond issue financed from the sin.king fund of the Government. The Committee by unanimous vote decided to designate the Chairman a committee of one to see the Governor-General regarding the bond issue proposition and to interview the Secretary of Finance with a view to ascertaining the possibility of the Go\'ernmcnt's purch;ising theater bonds with Government sinking funds. . The Committee, ;ifter further informal discussion of the deu1\s of financing the proposed theater placed itself on record as favoring the following tentative propositions: (I ) The theater should be large enough to accommodate be· tween 1.200 and 1.500 peopl<; (2) The theater, once constructed, should have auxiliary sources of income so that it may have a fixed or regular income: (3) That these auxiliary sources of income be in the form of a refreshment parlor or roof garden, and professional offices to be conducted in conncelion with the theater: (5) To put up to Presidem P.alma of the University of t~e Philippines the matter of transferring the Conservatory of Mustc to the Theater Building once the laner is constructed. There being no further matter to be discussed, the meeting adjourned at 5 :45, the Comminee to meet again at the call of the Chairman. APPROVED: (Sgd.) H. B. PONl1. Chairman, "Theater Commillee". ATTEST: (Sgd.) VICENTE DIAZ, Secretary, "Theater Committee". Subsequent steps leading to the construction and final completion of the new theater are matters of recent history and are generally known. It will be recalled that in selecti-1g a name for the theater Mayor Earnshaw sent out letters inviting the public to propose appropriate names; and that after consideration of all those submitted. the choice of the Committee fell on that by which the new structure is now so well known. It will also be remembered that it was only by dint of long and hard work on the part of the sponsors of the enterprise that their efforts to finance the venture, met with success. Long and tedious labor was required moreover, to bring to successful conclusion the negotiations for the transfer of the site in Mehan Gardens, from the ownership of the City to that of the Theater Committee. Before the close of the year 1930, however, all these dif. ficulties had been overcome and all was in readiness for the public ceremonies which were to signalize the beginning of actual construction. LAYING OF THE CORNERSTONE OF THE METROPOLITAN THEATRE On the occasion of the laying of the cornerstone of the "Metropolitan Theater Building", November I 0, 1930, Mayor Tomas Earnshaw made the following speech: We are gathered together this afternoon to witness an event of transcendental importance : the laying of the cornerstone of the " Metropolitan Theater Building". Your attendance at this ceremony attests to the importance of the occasion, and contributes to the splendor that should characterize the: event. I consider the laying of the cornerstone of this theater of spcci;il significance, since it. means the reaHzatioil of a long-cherished desire of the community,....:....a desire I made as my own, since entering upon the duties of Mayor of the city. Attempted many times in the past without success, this enterprise is now being undertaken thanks to the support the promoters of the idea received from the Chief Executive of the Islands, the members of the Municipal Board of Manila, the local Chambers of Commerce, government officials, and the public in general. Any mention of the support accorded to this project would be incomplete unless credit is also given where credit is rightly due. I refer to Mr. Horace B. Pond and to rbe gentlemen who, with Mr. Pond, formed the erstwhile T heater Committee.· T o Mr. Pond, formerly Chairman of the Theater Committee, and now President of the "Metropolitan T heater Company, Incorporated", belongs the signal distinction of havfog ·overcome all difficulties standing in the way of the successfuJ establishment of a national tbtater befitting the capital of the Philippines. Of Don Antonio Melian. suffice it to Say that he has imparted the breath of life to important financial institutions and that, having convinced himself that an up-to-date, modern theater in the city is a long-felt need, he has given the Metropolitan T heater project a prominent place among· the various enterprises within the sphere of his activities. We have, therefore, every reason to congratulate ourselves because. at last, the capital of the Philippine Islands. the Pearl of the Orient, will soon be able to boast of a coliseum, a veritable temple of art. constructeQ according to the best and latest standard of a modern theater. And may it please Providence that on another 26 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 happy occasion like this, we may once more gather together here to behold and admire the fruits of our common labor.-a beautiful and stately edifice; the Methropolitan Theater." The ceremonies incident to the laying of the cornerstone were thus described by the Manila Daily Bulletin, in its issue of November 11, 1930: .. A crowd of more than 3.000 persons jammed Co1gante street and Mchan Gardens during the laying of the cornerstone of the Metropolitan Theater yesterday. The1 ceremonies started at ~ o'clock. The laying of the cornerstone was sponsored by Governor-General Davis and Mrs. Tomas Earnshaw. A document signed by the sponsors, headed by Governor-General Davis and Mrs. Earnshaw. was placed in a strong iron box which was deposited in the cornerstone. Along with the signed documents were a copy of the Manila Daily Bulletin. which told the story of the building of the theater, a copy of El Debate and Filipino coins of every denomination. The following is a copy of the document signed by sponsors and the high dignitaries present : On this tenth day of November in the year of our Lord one thousand nine hundred thirty, sponsored by His Excellency, Governor-General Dwight F. Davis. and by Mrs. Tomas Earnshay, wife of His Honor. the Ma1•or of the Ciry of Manila, to whose untiring energy and unfailing faith in rhe civic spirit of his constituents the realization of this splendid projecr is primarily due, and in the presence of representative elements of the entire city, the cornerstone of this edifice was laid. tangible proof that the trust reposed by the community in its leading citizens to provide it wirh a theater building worthy of its culture and progressive spirit has been_ fully and satisfactorily accomplished. (Sgd.) DWIGHT F. DAVIS Mrs. T . EARNSHAW ELLA M. POND FERMINA M. DE ZOBEL S. OSME1'1A M. ROXAS T. EARNSHAW. Mayor RAFAEL PALMA Auesr: H.B. POND HONORIO VENTURA PASCUAL SANTOS ANGEL M. VARELA, Secretary. The ceremony was preceded by speeches which were broadcast by Radio Manila. The master of ceremonies was President Rafael Palma. of the University of the: Philippines. who delivered an o~n· ing address. He said that the bui1ding of the _ theater was a realization of a dream whose purpose was to prov1de pleasure to the residents of the city and those who may come to visit Manila. Mayor Earnshaw. who was introduced by President Palma as the father of the project. spoke. It was the mayor who w~s responsible for the incorporation of the Metropolitan Theater in I 928. Following the mayor, Horace B. Pond, president of the board of directors of the theater and called by President Palma the grandfather of the project, spoke of the difficulties of promoting the proposition and rtlated the ways and means he employed to bring the theater into being. He denied the rumors that directors and officers of the theater were paid. He said that the· task done by the officers of the corporation was done for the· joy of doing. Councilman Santos spoke in praise of Mayor Earnsh.aw's work of bringing the theater into being. Following him Secretary Ventura. the great grandfather of the project, according to President Palma, delivered his address. The theater was planned by Juan M. Arellano, architect of the company who went to New York to consult with Thomas W. Lamb. Inc .. a firm of engineers of the company, The theater is primarily for theatrical performances, operas. concerts and lectures, but as it can be used but a small part of the time for such purposes, it will be operated, when not required for those purposes. for the presentation of sound motion pictures. Particular attention has been given to the question of acoustics._ and the arrangements are such that rhe methods of projection which will come into use within the next year or two may be used. The theater will have a seating capacity of about 1, 700. The building witl also include shops, offices, a restaurant, ballroom and bar. According to the contract signed by the Santa Clara Lumber Company, the rheater will be completed on November 18, 1931." The Construction of Dewey Boulevard Among the noteworthy achievements of Manila's modern period of development was the construction of the splendid boulevard which borders the sandy shore of Manila Bay and the more spacious and scenic portion of which extends from Isaac Peral to Cortabitarte. Formerly known as Cavite Boulevard. and constructed as a single thoroughfare in 1916. the name was changed in 1921 to Dewey Boulevard. and more recently was beautified and converted into a double driveway. The cost of Dewey Boulevard as it appeares today was approximately P167,000. Upon completion of the East Roadway of this boulevard and its opening to traffic on February 5. 1930, appropriate ceremonies under the auspices of the City Mayor were duly arranged, the nature of which will be inferred from the following letter of invitation issued from the Office of the Mayor and addressed to prominent City and Insular Government officials. to the editors of the local papers, an-:! to pron1. inent City residents. Dewey BoulerJard' s twin driveways are diuided by a row of ornamental street lights, while the sides are lined with coconut palms. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 27 On the west side of Dewey Boufovard lies Manila BalJ with its far-famed sunsets. The east side is lined with handsome edifices--apartment housrs, as shown above, and imposing -residences. February I. 1930. My dear Secretary Alu nan : On W•dnesday. the 5th instant. at 5 :00 o'clock in the afternoon. after a brief ceremony in which Miss Alice Davis will participate as sponsor of the event. the City will formally open to traffic the eastern roadway of the Dewy Boulevard, from the New Luneta to Cortabitarte Streec in Malate. May I request that you honor the occasion by your presence during the ceremony? Sincerely yours. (Sgd.) T. EARNSHAW. Mayor, City of Manila. Hon. Rahd Alunan, Sec. of Agriculture .and Nacural Resources, Manila. July I. 1930. What was formerly known as Dewey Boulevard became Harrison Boulevard by virtue of a municipal ordinance passed in 1921. at the same time that the present Dewey Boulevard extending from 25th Street to Estero Maytubig, in Ermita and Malate, was so christened. Its recent improvement and its handsome present aspect constitute a source of pardonable pride on the part of the existing Administration and indeed of the entire community. Recommendation for the Establishment of a "Barrio Obrero" One of the projects in which the present City Executive has ever been most deeply interested is that of providing the laboring classes of the community with more sanitary and decent habitations than those to which many of them have been accustomed hitherto. His plans and proposals in this respect, have, however, met with strong apposition from different elements of the City's population. Meantime, the exact nature of his proposals with respect to the contemplated workmen's communities, or "villages", have not always been clearly understood. The accompanying letters, addressed respectively to the Governor-General and the Municipal Board of Manila, state concisely the Mayor's position on this highly controversial question. Mv dear Governor: The last time I was with you inspecting certain districts of the City to get first-hand information on the housing condition among the laboring classes. I made up my mind to look into the various proposals submitted for the construction of "Barrios Obreros" and recommend_ to you that which is most acceptable. Among the:se proposals, I selected the most important, or that which offers 100,000 square meters of land to be subdivided into 1.250 lots each having an area of 50 square meters. This offer involves also the constiuction of cheap houses on the lots and, for the occupation of such lots with the houses thereon, charge the laborers a small monthly rental, the laborers to become owners thereof at the end of ten (10) years. A subdivision plan accompanies the proposal. In order that the matter may be thoroughly studied, this pro~ posal was referred to a technical committee composed of the City Engineer and the Sanitarv Engineer of the Philippine Health Service for it to draw up a plan in accordance with sanitary requirements, the plan to be prepared on the basis of a total of l. 600 lots. The <Ommittee snbmitted three different •.ubdivision plans--" A", "B" and "C" ,-as well as plans for cheap houses for laborers to be constructed of durable materu.ls at a cost of P500 each Picking subdivision plan "A" as the most economical and feasible of the three submitted. it may be concluded: (a) That for a subdivision of 1.600 lots having an area of 52 square meters each with the improvements necessary from a sanitary point of view, a piece of land with a superficial area of 177.000 square meters would be needed; ( b) That the improvements that must necessarily be constructed in such a subdivision consist of streets, alleys, public mid~ den sheds, drains. and filling in, all of which would cost around.!'440,770; and (c) That the type of cheap houses constructed of durable materials having a floor space of 2 9 square meters as per plan accompanying the committee's reoort coses P500. Item (a), or the item referring to the cost of the 177,000 squate meters of land. is the only item that appears without any valuation. for the reason that its price would depend upon the cost of the bnd per square meter. Should this proposal be carried into exe~ cution. the best means of obtaining the land at a reasonable price would be thru the calling of public bids for the acquisition thereof. In the meanwhile, and merely for the purpose of making a tentative survey of t~e matter, let lt be taken for granted that each square meter of land costs !'4.00. In this case, the land needed would cost !'708,000. Upon the foregoing basis, the cost of a sanitary workingmen' s barrio of 1.600 lots having an area of 52 square meters each and with a P500-hous• constructed thereon, would be as follows: (a) The land (177.000 sq. m.) . . P708,000.00 (b) The improvements . . . . . . . 440,770.00 (c) The houses 800.000.00 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . Pl,948,770.00 According to those figures, each house and lot would cost PI.2 17.98. T his would make it impossible for a laborer earning a wage of Pl.30 a dav to become the owner of the house and the lot thru the payment of a monthly installment, since the latter would be so high .that be would not be able to pay it. .The only way by which this project <ould be carried out would be to make 28 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 the City, and not the laborer, shoulder the cost of improvements. If such be the case, the total cost of the land and of the houses would be Pi.508,000 and each -lot with the house on it would cost P94Z.50. The laborer, therefore, by paying a monthly install· ment of P5.24, after fifteen (15) years, would own the land and . the house. The interest on the capital has not been included in this installmnt. The amount of Pl.508.000 necessary for this enterprise is to be advanced by the Insular Government as a sanitary measure to solve the housing problem of the working class in Manil3. This fund will be reimbursed to the Insular Government without interest, and as the monthly installments from the laborers who purchased i:be houses and the lots on which they are constructed under rhe 15-year basis. are collected. The funds needed cannot be provided by the City Government for the reason that its ordinary as well as extraordinary resources cannot be made available for this purpose. The ordinary funds of the City Government arc invested in such projects as may benefit all the tax-payers : while the extraordinary funds, such a~ the proceeds from bond issue, are invested in public works of permanent charach?r so that the funds needed for the purchase of the land and for the construction of the 1.600 houses in the workingmen's barrio in question will be invested. not for the benefit of the community in general, but rather for the benefit of a part of it only.- the laboring class. To facilitate matters. the City may take charge of the administration of these funds and charge for this administration an overcharge of P0.26 in addition to the monthly installment of 'P5.24 to be paid by the laborer. thus raising this monthly installment to P5.50. In the contract to be entered into with the laborer, it would be a part of the stipul3tion that he would obtain the Torrens Tide to his property only after the oayment of the l::lst installment. thus relieving him of the burden of paying the land tax up to that time. To sum up, the construction of this proposed workingmen's barrio containing 1.600 lots with the houses thereon. requires: (a) A piece of land of I 77,000 sq. m. @ P4.00 a square meter . .. .. . (b) Improvements costing around (c) Construction of 1.600 houses @ P500 each Total P708,000 440,770 800,000 PI.948,770 Butsince the City would defray the cost of Item (b), or P440, 770, t~e Insular Government would have to advance Pl.508,000, only, viz.: for Item (a)- P708,000 and for Item (c)- 800,000 and the Insular Government would recover the mog.ey advanced (PI.508,000) at the end of fifteen (15) years, or when each labore~~purchaser shalt have paid his last installment. This problem has been studied from all possible points of view and no satisfactory .solution thereto has been found ot~r tnan that recommended in this report. This proposal. is. therefore. submitted to the consideration of His Excellency subject 10 such amcndmeii.t as he may deem proper lo make. (Sgd.) Tm1As EARNSHAW. Mayor, City of }.'1anila . His ExceHency, The Governor-General of the Philippine Islands (Thru the Honorable, The Srcretary of the Interior) Manila. Gentlemen: November 28. 1930. I am submitting, for the consideration of that Honorable Body, a detailed project of a proposed Barrio Obrero as presented by the corporation known as the "Barrio Obrero. Inc." The land has an area of 76,000 square meters, located in the District of Tond.o. subdivided into lots of 52 square meters each. The Corporation offers to construct a house: containing 24 square meters on each lot. The Corporation proposes to lease the land and These views give an idea of the improved types of streets and houses which i1 is proposed to construct in the "workers' villages". In the lower letf-hand corner is a disreputable-appearing hovel of the type which it is aimed to make obsolete by means. of the proposed "barrios obreros". the building or sell tame to the laborers upon recommencla;.ion by the City under the conditions contained in the actached proposal. As may be seen, this proposal involves an expense on the part of the City in the amount of Pl40,085.50 for the improvements .enumerated under paragraph "A" and the amount of P73.610.00 for the improvements enumerated in paragraph "B" or a total amount of P213,695.50. The undersigned is of the opinion that the City is empowered to incur these expenses for they constitute public permanent improvements and, for thiit reason. he is wilting to approve the necessary appropriation therefor should it meet with the approval of that Body. That Honorable Body is probably aware of the fact that there seems to be a remote possibility to carry out the· proposed Barrio Obrero if the project. will be financed out of the City funds because of the apparent ..reluctance on the part of His ~xcellency, the Governor-General to approve such a measure as manifested by him when that Body approved the resolution providing for the con~truction of the Barrio Obrero by appropriating PJ.000,000 out of the PJ0,000,000 Bond Issue authorized under Act No. 3456 and when the undersigned submitted his proposition for the construction of the Barrio Obrero to be financed by the Insular Government aod administered by the City. Considering these facts, it is believed that the attached proposition is the best that can be obtained at present in order that a Barrio Obrero may be established in such a congested district as Tondo. After all, the City is in duty bound to undertake the construction of the improvements enumerated herein for they are properly a governmental fune1ion. Moreover, the streets shown in the attached plan are in accordance with the Burnham Plan. Furthermore, this proposed Barrio Obrero will contain a park of approximately one hectare, an area which is u:tre:mely. necessary in the North District and is in accordance with the policy of that Body to establish adequate plaYfirounds THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 29 in the North District. This proposed Barrio Obrero is in accord.mcc with the modern sanitary requirements. Very respectfully, The Honorable. Municipal Board M.i.nila (Sgd.) TOMAS EARNSHAW, Mayor, City of Manila. 2nd lndomment OFFICE OF THE MUNICIPAL BOAD January 7. 1931. Respectfully returned to the Honorable Municipal Board. recommending approval of the herein proposed barrio obrero in Tonda, submitted by "Barrio Obrero, Inc." as recommended by the City Mayor, under the fo11owing conditions: 1-That all the alleys (callejones) of 5 meters, olSidc from those 3 meters wide. be Ceded gratuitously to the City, and suppress the park because these improvements are not in accordance with "the Burnham plan and also because the City contcmp!.1tcs constructing a bigger park in the vicinity of this Barrio Obrero. 2-Extend the street runnin~ transversally for 18 m('lers from C.;ille Pamp.;inga up to North Boulevard. in accordance with the Burnham P lan. usin~ for this purpose the amount set aside for alleys (callejones) of 5 meters. 3-That the plans for the houses of the laborers may be modified by the buyers (1.Jborers) according to their best con\·enicnce. subject tc the approval of the City Engineer. 4-That the two blocks contiguous to Estero Sunog Apog be suppressed. and their place taken by the blocks bounded by Gen. Lukban and R. Fcrn11ndez streets. This is necessary in order to avoid that the lflborers who might have Jpplied for lots in said blocks will be afterwards ordered to remove their houses from said place when said place or blocks will be declared within the commercial 7.one, which has been drawn by the City Engineer and by the HeJlth Office. 5-That the area of land which a laborer may purchase may be more than the minimum set by the corporation. This is to give fJcility to the laborers who may have a greater number of memhcr.s of their respective families and with sufficient means to purchJse a bigger area of land. 6-That a bond be required by the City of Manila from the Barrio Obrero. Inc. The amount of the bond shall be proportion.He to the amount of the de.JI involved: and 7-That the Barrio Obrero, Inc. should accompanv said bond with a duly certified letter of Jcceprance from the "El Monte de Pied;:id" which is holding a mortgage on the land of the said proposed "Barrio Obrero". (Sgd.) ANTONIO C. TORRES Chairman. Committee on Public Service (Sgd.) EUSTAQUIO BALAGTAS Member (Sgd.) J. TOPACIO NUENO Member NOTE: In view of the fact that the conditions herein set forth are in agreement with my objections. I find no reason for disapproving the same, as the Barrio Obrero has always been my project. T. EARNSHAW. Barrio Obrero of the City of A.Jani/a, construction of which has already started on Rizal Avenue Extention. First-class roads arc being built. On Behalf of the Laboring Classes The laboring classes of the Philippines possess distinctive traits. By nature they are disposed to be mild, peaceable and patient. By their masters they have often been subjected to harsh treatment. Always they have labored under the twin handicaps of ignorance and poverty. In these circumtances it is inevitable that they would often be duped by false leaders-be led stray by designing men with an eye single to their own selfish interests. Happily however, the laboring classes have also had their genuine friends. They have found defenders an~ w~ll wishers in all walks of life, not infrequently men m high places who nevertheless have not Jost "the common touch". Conspicuous among these is the present Chief Executive of Manila. Ever sympathetic with the lowly laborer and earnestly desirous of helping to ameliorate hi~ condition, Mayor Earnshaw loses no proper occasion to make known his admirable sentiments in this regard. Last year the Mayor issued an important Labor Day message which due to lack of space can be given here only in in a much condensed form : I heanily congratulate . all regularly constituted labor organizations. their members and a11 labor leaders in the City of Manila, wishing theni ·joy and happiness on the occasion of this year's Labor Day celebration. In this modern age man's labor remains what it has always been-the dynamic force behind all social progress. In recognition of this fact we vcarly celebrate this day.-a dav consecrated to the dignification of human labor. Respect and tolerance toward labor organizations and a '°enuine effort to recognize the rights and limitations of capital should be the dominant attitude of all right-minded men. The present unparalleled financial crisis affords the most propitiOU$ occasion for bringing home to laborers and capitalists alike, the vital reality of the partnership necessarily existing between labor and capital: and thru the production of wealth resulting from this partnership we witness the wonderful progress brought about in the social and economic life of our people. Laborers and employers being each indispensable to the other should work in ba?mony and strive to settle all their differences 30 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 amicably. Strikes and lock-outs with the resultant idleness .are detrimental to the interests of both classes and at the same time affect deeply the interests of a third and innocent party-the public. Mutual antagonism brings failure and destruction; whereas in mutual understanding and friendship between laborers and capitalists there is prosperity and progress. . If I might be allowed to address a fatherly word of adv1ce to laborers whose interests I have at heart because of having once militated in their rank and file, I would ask them to avoid wherever possible the practice of purchasing goods on the installment plan. One of the secondary causes of the present crisis has been the universal practice of purchasing articles on the installment plan. If the laborers would avoid bringing about their own ruin, they should have absolutely nothing to do with this pernicious practice. An :article purchased on the installment plan is expensive for the purshaser. Unknown to him, he is made to shoulder the dealer's profit plus interest on the purchase price. Purchases made on the installment basis create in the purchaser a craving for articles or commodities beyond his present ability to pay. A false standard of living on the part of the purchaser is thus created, and when obligations easily incurred begin to pile up. the purchaser overnight finds himself saddled with obligations he can not meet without mortgaging his future income. The argument that since gradual payments are easy to make they facilitate the acquisition of the articles desired is fallacious because the experience of the human race has always been that "the hardest things to meet are easy payments". Live within your income and shun all temptations to incur financial obligations you are not in a position to mcet,-this is my earnest and sincere advice. As a fitting climax to this year's Labor Day celebration. the laborer should make a firm resolve to help bring about an early rehabilitation of the country·s financial condition. There is much that laborers can do to accomplish this end. Because of their overwhelming number they, more than any others. are called upon to foster and maintain the spirit of confidence and equanimity which the public must girth itself with for the speedy return to normalcy. Down with provocations, with alarms, and with forcible lock outs that disturb and weaken the goodwill between employers and laborers in the ~elution of their mutual difficulties. The re-establishment of commercial credit on a sound basis would go a long way toward bringing about the desired result. (Sgd.) TOMAS EARNSHAW, Mayor, City of Manila. Mayor Earnshaw's sympathy with the labor element is further shown in a letter addressed by him on a certain occasion, to the president of one of the lea~in!f la~or organizations of me country. in response to an mv1tat1on tJ a banquet being given by the said organization. Manila. P. I., May I. 19 31. Mr. Joaquin Balmori, President of the ''Federation of Labor'', Manila My dear friend: Although I cannot personally attend the banquet which those affiliated with the Federation of Labor will give at noon today to commemorate this glorious event, I shall at least be with them in spirit and thought, sharing with them in the celebration of so happy a day by indulging in fond reminiscenses of the best years of my life when, with them, I had a place in the rank and file of the laboring class. It is a pleasure for me to state that due to the wise direction of those who have assumed its leadership, the laboring class of the Phillppines has attained the progress, and has acquired the preponderance and the reputation for dependability which it is now given credit for. The "Federation of Labor·~ is one of the leading labor organizations whose members, being all law-abiding citizens. go about their ordinary occupations and perform their daily tasks without inciting disorder or stirring up agitation of any kind. thus preserving its prestige and dignity, and maintaining an enviable reputation everywhere. I wish to extend mv moSt cordial congratulations to the President of the "Federation of Labor" and to those who share with him in bringing about the success of this splendid organization. Just as the teacher acquires merit through his labors in educating the youth, so should the community render tribute to those who lead and educate the laboring classes since upon the exquisite tact and sound displomacy displayed by those directing the labor movement depends the harmony and coopera· ti on which should al ways characterize the relation between labor and capital. and because this harmonious relation between capital and labor, coupled with the enlightenment and education imparted to the laboring classes by their leaders, constitute the bulwark of the economic and social life, not only of the Philippines, but of the world at large. Reiterating my most cordial and sincere congratulations to the officials and members of the Federation of Labor over the success of this Federation. I am Sincecely yours. (Sgd.) T . EARNSHAW. Mayor, City of Manila.· Three and a Half Years Afterwards With the induction into office of a new Municipal Board, iii July. 1931. Mayor Earnshaw deemed it a fitting time to make a rapid survey of the accomplishments of his administration. This he did in the following address to the members of the Board. Gentlemen of the Municipal Board: I consider it an honor and a privilege to attend this solemn occasion of the formal induction into office of the recently elected councilors, to congratulate them and to tender them my most cordial welcome. To the outgoing councilors under the leadership of the Honorable Rosauro Almario who, as a public official, is conspicuous not only because of his unblemished reputation but also because of his personal merits, I wish to make public expression of my profound gratitude for the hearty cooperation which, thruout their term, collectively and individually, it has been my privilege to have received from them. The work accomplished by these gentlemen during the past three years has been, in many respects, intense. fruitful, constructive and efficient, as the following brief recital of their most important activities will bear out. Legislative measures.-lt was necessary to enlist the aid of the Legislature in obtaining concession that would enable the city to count upon extraordinary means for augmenting its resources in addition to such ordinary means at it has at its disposal for the undertaking of the public improvements enumerated in the program of City Government activities I made public on January 3. 1928. December 3, 1928. saw the enactment of Act No. 3456 declaring the capacity of the City of Manila to issue bonds in the sum of ten million (Pl 0,000,000) pesos. Upon approval of this legislation, the City of Manila is forthwith authorized to issue bonds in the sum of a million ('Pl.000,000) pesos to be invested in permanent public improvements. The proceeds from this first bond issue were allotted for : I. Acquisition of land for the proposed Manila West High School and Manila East High School sites, 2. Installation of lights. Jones Bridge. 3. Expropriation of land and improvements needed for the widen. ing of Calle Dasmariiias. 4. Acquisition of the Emilio Jacinto Elementary- School site. 5 . Tondo park. 6. Construction of the Luneta Comfort Station. 7. Addition to the Paco Market together with the acquisition of a site for depositing the street materials called for by this project. 8. F or hire of architects and engineers and for other expenses relative to the preparation of building plans. To carry out the program of government activities already referred to, the outgoing councilors authorized a further bond issue of two. million (f'2.000,000) pesos to be invested as follows: 1. Co!gante Bridge. 2. Herbosa Elementary School Building. 3. Manila East H igh School Building. 4 . Dasmarifias widening. 5. Muelle de! Banco Nacionalfrom Callejon Soda to Jones Bridge. 6. Construction of the sub-structure of the Ayala Bridge and th• sub-structure of the Mendiola Bridg•. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 31 7. Bambang Market. 8. For the acquisition of the Soler Elementary School site. 9. Construction of two bridges on Calle Soler. I 0. Construction of one bridge on Calle Arlegui. 11. Construction of sidewalks on Iris Bridge. 12. Construction of sidewalks on Tanduay Bridge. 13. Improvement of the Barrio Obrero at the extension of Rizal Avenue. 14. For the construction of a playground in T ondo. December 8. 1929, saw the enactment of Act No. 3669 conferring upon the Municipal Board the power to establish new sources of revenue and on January 27, 1930, Ordinance No. 1925 was enacted to carry out the purpose of the new law. The approval by the Legislature of Act No. 3456 paved the way for the issuance of additional public improvement bonds: while the enactment of Act No. 3669 enabled the city to enhance one of the most important sources of its ordinary revenues. Financial condition.-In the midst of the general clamor over the financial depression, the effects of which are felt in all government dependencies. it is a source of gratification for the Government of the City of Manila to be able to prepare a proposed budget for 1932 without encountering serious difficulties of any kind whatever, nothwithstanding the increased appropriation requested by the different departments to meet their needs, or for the undertaking of improvements already begun, or of new improvements which may be financed with the ordinary resources. Means of communication.-We have greatly improved our means of communication with neighboring places. Coming close on the heels of the opening of Rizal Avenue extension which shortened the distance between Manila and the towns of Bulacan, we have the Taft Avenue extension which is almost completed and which will expedite communication with the southern provinces. Espana extension, which has recently been undertaken, enables us to communicate with the picturesque subdivisions of San Juan de! Monte and the towns of Mariquina and Antipolo. Last, but not the least, P. Sanchez street will soon be completed and this thoroughfare will facilitate communication between this city and the neighboring town of Mandaluyong upon the completion of the bridge that will connect this town with the district of Santa Mesa, and which will be traversed by those who may wish to enjoy the fine views from the fields beyond the attractive golf links, or to gaze on the beautiful scenes in the vicinity of the Wack Wack Club. Important Ordinances.-! shall mention only some of the numerous ordinances, resolutions and regulations ~nacted by the Municipal Board with respect to various municipal activities in which it has had to intervene. The most important, or that referring to the zonification of the city, has been under study by a technical committee and the measure will be ready for enactment by the Municipal Board as soon as some of the points involved have been clarified. Another important ordinance is the "Blue Sunday Ordinance" which is beneficial to the laboring class for it sets aside one day of the week as a day of rest for laborers. The most recent ordinance is the "Anti-Noise Ordinance" designed to afford protection against annoying noises for those who demand adequate hours of rest and quiet. Other ordinances enacted are those referring to the different measures intended to prevent the propagation of vices. to promote public morals. and for other similar purposes. Manila Beautiful.-Official initiative as well as the initiative of private individuals has brought about everywhere the erection of stately edfices that greet tourists when passing such spots as Dewey Boulevard, Taft Avenue, P. Burgos Avenue. the Escolta, Rizal Avenue and its extension. Mention should also be made of the splendid and magnificent buildings in the many subdivisions around the suburbs of the city. As a fitting climax to this building boom. mention is here made of the construction of the Metropolitan Theater which. erected as it is in the center of the city, serves as a model theater building and as a product of the civic interest of the city residents who are lovers of arr. The existence of this series of splendid, stately buildings more than justifies the title bestowed upon this capital city,-Manila Beautiful. Inuestigation of irregularities.-lt is to be said that the various and sundry investigations of last year have shown that the interests of the City Government have not suffered since the irregularities so far unearthed are limited to the corrupt and roguish group of business men who, in order to get what they are after. have resorted to bribery. by reason of which, certain officials who are not over-zealous as to their dignity and reputation have yielded, attracted as it were by selfishness and greed. The exemplary punishment that wili be meted out to the guilty will, it is believed. be sufficient to nip in the bud similar practices in the future. What remains to be done.-My purpose in making a brief resume of the activities of the past is to bring home the fact that much still remains to be done if the path blazed by our worthy predecessors is to be followed. In all branches of the City Government, there is still a wide sphere of activity to be covered. It behooves us to prepare ourselves with energy and decision for the arduous mission before us, and with foresight face our problems as they present themselves. The economic problems confronting the City Government are very important, for upon their solution depends the success of whatever effort we may exert to promote the sanitation. education and welfare of the community. Before concluding, I once more extend by most cordial welcome to the Honorable Councilors who are about to enter upon the performance of their duties under the leadership of the well-known majority leader, Hon. Antonio Torres, who on a previous occasion has ably discharged the duties of this office; and at the same time to bid good-bye to the outgoing councilors, grateful for the cooperation I have re·· ceived from them. I thank you. (Sgd.) TOM.AS EARNSHAW, Mayor, City of Manila. Installation of Ornamental Street Lights During the last four years the City of Manila has been engaged in the task of installing decorative electric lights on a number of its boulevards, streets and plazas. These lights, in addition to being set up on aluminumpainted posts and fixtures, which add to their attractiveness, are of 400 and 600 candle power and are therefore of sufficient strength to brightly illumine the localities in which they are placed. These fixtures are in complete and favorable contrast. with the ordinary glaring street lights hung from ugly, unpainted wooden posts which disfigure the old historic church buildings. the gates of the old walls of Intramuros and many attractive residences scattered throughout the city. Where it has not yet been possible to replace the out of date methods of lighting it is absolutely impossible to secure a photographic view of an old church .or a vine-covered gate in rhe old walls, unmarred by ugly wooden light-poles and cross arms. 32 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 Aside from their decorative value these new lights add greatly to the safety of the localities in which they are found. Motorists and pedestrians are less liable to accidents and people enjoying an hour of relaxation on Dewey Boulevard, The Luneta and in the improved plazas are protected from 1'!olestation because of these lights. The municipal authorities have seen to it that the distribution of these improved lights has not been confined to the aristocratic sections of Manila but has been extended to the more crowded and poorer sections of the city as well. To date they have been placed on Dewey Boulevard, P. Burgos, the Escolta, Rizal Avenue from Carriedo to Azcarraga, Moriones, Katigbak Drive, the New Luneta and its outlets. Also Plazas Guipit, Herbosa, Sta. Ana, F. de! Rosario. Plaza de la Virgen, Lachambre, Leon XIII are soon to have the benefit of these ornamental lights. The electric current is, of course, supplied by the Manila Electric Company under contract with the City of Man.ila and the lights themselves have been erected by t~~ City Electrician, Charles Schoendube. under the superv1S1on of Otis L. Vanderford, Chief of Manila Fire Department and of City Engineer Santiago Artiaga. On Dewey Boulevard there are 120 lights: P. Burgos, 97 lights: Escolta, 29: Rizal Avenue, 36: all of which are of 600 candle power. The New Luneta is supplied with 40 lights of 400 candle power each, arranged in pairs on 20 posts. The current appropriation ordinance carries an item of P55, l 53 for electric current to be consumed by the entire system of ornamen ta! lights. Jones Bridge, never quite complete for lack of funds, has been greatly improved by fitting it out with new lights. It is sincerely hoped that at no distant day the decorative scheme will provide for underground wires and the removal of ugly poles and the clusters of transformer containers resembling basura cans, which now abound. Attracting Tourists to Manila In one respect the tourist business is similar to a number of others of which the poultry industry may be taken as a type. Hens have always laid eggs, even before the ingenuity of man was applied to the task of making them lay a dozen eggs where they laid but one before. Similarly, there have always been men who wandered away to other lands, even though they were not then called tourists. But back in those half-forgotten times neither the eggs produced by the unappreciated hen, nor the money carried by the chance traveler into foreign lands were regarded as anything affecting the national economy of any country. Not so now. Both the despised hen and the disregarded trave!er, have established themselves in places of prime importance. in the economic life of many lands. In Italy. Switzerland, France, and other countries of Europe, for example, a very considerable part of the national income is derived from the tourist business. American travele~ alone are said to have spent hundreds of millions of pesos anuually, in France, during the past several years. Due to a clear appreciation of what it means to a country, and particularly what it would mean to this country, to have a large number of wealthy travelers visit our shores and sojourn among us for a time, a group of our enterprising citizens formed the Philippine Tourist Association, whose mainspring. hairspring. and most of its other springs, are centered in its Secretary, Mr. James King Steele. Manila's Famous Pier 7-one of the great piers of the world. Nearly one-third of a milt in length it afford' an ideal anchoring-place for the palatial liners which bring thousands of toudsts to Manila each vur. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 In furtherance of the Association's purpose to induce more "globe-trotters" to include the Philippines in their itinerary, Mr. Steele last year made another trip to the United States, from which he has but recently returned. December 6, last, he wrote the letter given below, which throws an interesting side-light on one phase of his activities while in the United States and Canada: The Honorable Tomas Eounshaw, Mayor of Manila December 6, 1932. Dear Mayor Earnshaw: During the 19 3 2 tour of the United States and Canada just completed by the Executive Secretary of the Philippine Tourist Association, the Mayors of 26 different cities were called upon and the compliments and r~spects of your good self together with an invitation to visit Manila. and the Philippine Islands were presented to them. In every case these officials seemed highly gratified to think that this courtesy was extended to them and gave considerable time to the Executive Secretary asking for information regarding the conditions here. In order that these calls should make a lasting impression the Executive Secretary took the liberty of having a card engraved bearing your name which was presented on these occasions and left with the Mayors of these cities. The following is the list of cities and Mayors called upon: Oakland San Francisco . Los Angeles Seattle . . Denver Kansas City Minneapolis Detroit New York St. Louis New Orleans . Mayor Davie Mayor Rossi Mayor Porter . . Mayor Dore Mayot Begol< Mayor Green Mayor Jones Mayor Murphy Mayor McKee Mayor Taylor Mayor Wamsley San Antonio Mayor Chambers Portland Mayor Baker Salt Lake City Mayor Marcus Omaha Mayor Metcalfe Chicago Mayor Cermak Cleveland Mayor Miller Boston Mayor Curley Philadelphia MayorMoore Pittsburgh Mayor Benison (Actg.) Memphis Mayor Schutt Dallas Mayor Shubert The Executive Secretary trusts that the work done in this connection under the authoriy and for the benefit of the City of Manila witl meet with your approval. With renewed assurances of esteem. Mabuhay! Philippine Tourist Association (Sgd.) JAMES KING STEELE. ~ Executive Secretary. An Urgent Necessity; A New City Hall. It might seem paradoxical yet there is no disputing the fact that whereas the City of Manila has in the last two decades achieved remarkable progress and development in all Jines of human endeavor, and whereas during that span of time Manila has grown from a city of relatively little importance to a modern. up-to-date city. Yet the one thing in it that has withstood the irresistible march to progress is its City Hall. It is indeed a sad commentary upon our City Government to say that the same City Hall which was constructed during 1901-1903 at the time the administration of the affairs of the City of Manila was still in the hands of the military authorities, is the same City Hall that still greets the eyes of globe trotters as they leave our eight· million-peso Pier 7, walk past the New Luneta with its stately hotel buildings and apartment houses and start on their sight-seeing tour of the city. To make the situation still worse, our dilapidated City Hall appears sandwiched between the stately Legislative Building and the modern and magnificent Metroplitan Theater and Post Office and Commerce buildings. The old moats have already been filled and where before nothing but low, marshy lands greeted the eyes of the tourists as they passed along Calle Bagumbayan, a wide drive and beautifully kept lawn now grace the land~cape. The old Bridge of Spain is no more, its place havmg been taken by the Jones Bridge. Even the tileroofed ado~e ~uildings of the downtown districts have given way to bu1ldmgs of steel-concrete fast approaching the sky33 34 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 scraper variety, but. strange as it may seem, we still have in our midst the same old City Hall! That the construction of a new City Hall is an urgent necessity is borne out by the statement made by Mayor Earnshaw in the following letters: "The most urgent need of the City Government at present is a new City Hall to which its offices and dependencies may be transferred as soon as possible. The present building having been built more than twenty years ago of the poorest kind of material. the posts being of Oregon pine and the rest of lumber of inferior class. its dilapidated condition renders its further occupation unsafe, as may be seen from the enclosed report of the City Engineer attention to which is invited. Valuable government records and other public and private documents are constantly exposed to the danger of destruction by fire because of the bck of adequate, fire· proof safety vaults : and white ants ha"e already begun their work of descruction ... As early as August 14, 1914. the then City Engineer, Wm. H. Robinson, speaking of the City Hall, said in an official report: · · (I) The building. according to available records, was built in 1901-3, Oregon pine being used for the construction throughout. " ( 2) The building is of frame construction with double walls. parcitions and ceilings, and with all columns sheated. It therefore offers ideal conditions for harboring rats, anay and other vermin. "(3) The building is now in an unsafe condition owing to the fact that it is badly infested with anay. " ( 4) The foundation of the building is inadequate, as it is constructed on filled ground. .. ( 5) The building is a fire trap. and should a fire start near the present main stair well on the ground floor. it is the opinion of the undersigned that it would be impossible to get all people out of the second and third floors before the fire escape in the rear of the building would be rendered useless.'' That in A.O. 1932, or eighteen years after Mr. Robinson's report, the City Hall still stands, is explained in part by the following report of the present City Engineer, Mr. Santiago Artiaga : "About two years ago the structure supporting the hall where sessions of the Municipal Board are held was on the verge of collapse and this office was compelled to reinforce the floor and to prevent the overcrowding of the hall and corridors leading to same". Even the "Greater Manila Civic League", an association composed of civic spirited citizens who have in many ways helped push the movement for a "Manila Beautiful", could not but recognize the urgent need of the City Government being provided with an adequate City Hall when it voiced its opinion on the matter in the following resolution: .. WHEREAS, the officials of the City of Manila have for many years made ceaseless efforts to procure the use of the Ayuntamiento Building, but have been unable to do so because of the refusal of the Insular Governmenc to vacate the same; and .. WHEREAS. the inhabitants of the City of Manila are entitltd to a City Hall suitable to the dignity of the !'lational Capital of these Islands and which the people of this city may show, without shame, to strangers who visit these shores ; and " WHEREAS, the tax-payers and citizens of Manila are entitled to a City Hall where the public may enter and transact its business conveniently and safely, and in which the records of J:he city may be safeguarded: Now, therefore, .. BE IT RESOLVED by the Greater Manila Civic League in its own behalf and in behalf of all tht inhabitants of this city, that said League present to the Philippine Legislature, a petition. prayittg that said body take the initiative in ~ausing t.he_ immediate rerurn to the City of Manila of the Ayuntam1ento Building. .. RESOLVED, FURTHER. that tht Secretary of this League transmit copies of this resolution to both Houses of the Philippine Legislature, to th Mayor of the City of Manila and to the Departmen( Secretaries." Having already shown that a new City Hall is an urgent necessity. the question might be asked: What stands in the way of its construction? To answer this question. one should not lose sight of the fact that the City of Manila owns the Ayuntamiento Building. There is, therefore. no need of constructing a new edifice for a City Hall. Wh2n one, however, recalls that the Insular Government, since American Occupation, has used and still uses this building. the reader will readily see that to undertake the construction of a new City Hall without first disposing of the Ayuntamiento would constitute an uncalled-for expenditure of funds on the part of a government entity the financial condition of which is none too buoyant. The sale of the Ayuntamiento to the Insular Government was attempted but, for lack of funds on the part of the Insular Government, the attempt was not successful. It was next proposed that the Insular Government pay the City of Manila in advance the rental for five years so that, with the appropriation of a like amount, the City Government might begin the construC:tion of a new City Hall ; this too failed to materialize for the same reason. All of which, when read in connection with the Explanatory Note prefacing Philippine Senate Bill No. 40 introduced by ex-Senator Manuel Camus during the Eighth Philippine Legislature, will explain in part the seeming paradox mentioned at the beginning of this article: " The object of this bill is to restore to the City of Manila the Ayuntamiento building now occupied by offices of the Insular Government. "It is but an act of simple justice to place the City again in possession of its traditional seat of government and of the property which rightfully belongs to it. The city is helpless to enforce its legal rights to possession; hence the Insular Government should voluntarily grant these rights. " TIM present so-catled City Hall is a disgrace to any municipality, to say nothing of the capital city of a nation. T he building is a veritable fire-trap. It is a menace to the lives of the officers and employees working there. It is in constant danger of instant destruction by fire a calamity which would destroy all the real estate records of the city of Manila, as well as the documents coverin the city's financial and business transactions. In addition to these hazards, the building is so over-crowded and so poorly arranged that the efficient functioning of city affairs is virtually impossible. "It is not as though the Insular government could not make other provision for its department offices. For many years the departmen_ t secretaries, the Chief Executive, and a part of the Legislatui-e found the Ayuntamiento adequate. Now only the departmental offices remain. The Insular government is paying rent to the city for the use of the building. The amount of this rent is sufficient to lease a privately owned building large enough to accommodate the departmental offices. Moreover, the top floor of the Insular building was especially added to accommodate the departmental offim, and is not used for the purpose merely because the departmental heads found it too hot. If a reasonable expe:nditure "will place this top floor in a more comfortable condition, it will not even be necessary to rent any private building. "The present bill provides, first. that the Ayuntamiento building shall be at once turned over to the City of Manila; second, that the sum now appropriated for rental to the city shall be available for renting other quarters or for so improving the top .ftoor of the Insular building that the latter will furnish adequate oflict space and comfortable boa1in1 for tbt d<partmenul offices ... THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 OFFICE OF THE MAYOR / VICENTE DIAZ Secretary to the Mayor Completed the Intermediate School Course (Zambales Provincial High School. March, 1905). Clerk-Messenger, "Young Men's Christian Association" (June-September. 1905 ) . Classroom T eacher. San Nicolas Primary School (September 1905 -March 1909). Editor, "Filipino Teacher" Magazine ( 1908-1910). Executive Secretary, Philippine Teachers' Association ( 1909). Principal Tondo Primary School (June 1909-February 1913. Teacher. Meisic Night School, Much 1917). Completed the High School Course· (National University, 1914) . Bachelor of Laws. Hamilton College of Law. Chicago, Ill. (November 1217). Principal, Sampaloc Intermediate Night School (1917-1920) . Employee, Trust Department. Philippine Trust Company (February 1920-August 1921) . Clerk, Offict of the Mayor (September 192 1-March 1923) . Assistant Secretary to the Mayor (February 1923-June 1931). Bachelor of Laws, Philippine Law School (March 1914). Member, Philippine Bar (1914). Instructor, National University (1926-19'1). Secretary io the Mayor (June 1931 to date). 36 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 THE OFFICE OF THE MAYOR ·AND ITS ACTIVITIES By AGAPlTO LOPEZ Chief Clerk, Office of the Mayor FORMER SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT Under the American regime, the government of the City of Manila was created and organized on August 7, 1901. by operation of Act No. 183 and by virtue of the proclamation of the then Civil Governor, William Howard Taft. Under this Act, the government of the city was vested in the Municipal Board which consisted of three members, appuinted by the Civil Governor, by and with the consent of the Philippine Commission. One member of the Board. designated as president. presided at all meetings of this body. Virtually, the president of the Board was the chief executive of the city. NICOLAS E. A!>AMOS Assistant SecrecarlJ to the Mayor PRESENT SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT With the rapid growth and expansion of the City of Manila, and by reason of its being the capital city of the Philippine Islands, the Philippine Legislature, in 1917, changed the former system of government for this capital city and adopted, in its place, a new one patterned somewhat after that of the City of New York. Manila is now governed by a special charter granted to it by the Legislature. Under this charter, the city is provided with ample powers. It has authority to enact its own ordinances and resolutions, grant franchises to business enterprises, fix its own yearly appropriation, expropriate private properties for public purposes, and has numerous other prerogatives. In fact, the system of government in the city is an autonomous one and independent of the Insular Government. The affairs· of the City Government are now directed by the Mayor, as chief executive, and the Municipal Board as the legislative body. Although the functions of the former are different and distinct from the latter, they work together as one single orporate body. OFFICE OF THE MAYOR By the operation of Act No. 2711. otherwise known as the Administrative Code, and consequent upon the creation of the position of Mayor of the City of Manila, the Office of the Mayor was organized in the early part of the year 1917. - A GAPITO LOPEZ Chief Cl<rh, Mayor's Office The Mayor is appointed by the Governor-General with the advice and consent of the Philippine Senate, and holds office for a term of three years. Besides the Mayor, the office force under him is com posed of the Secretary, the AssistFILOMENO B. PASCUAL Asst. Chief Clerk and Law Clerk. Mayor'• Office THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE For JANUARY. 1933 37 ant Secretary, the Chief Clerk, Assistant Chief Clerk, Record Clerk, Assistant Record Clerk, Mailing and Property Clerk, and several messengers. ACTIVITIES The Office of the Mayor is the central office of the city government, the "clearing house" of all city departments. It receives and acts upon petitions and requests for public improvements, applications of all sorts, complaints, ordinances and resolutions enacted by the Municipal Board. keeps on file all documents and records of the City Government, and furnishes, on demand, certified copies thereof. charging fees for such copies. In all cases, the Office of the Mayor passes upon or takes final action on matters affecting the affairs of the city government, generally basing its action on the recommendation of the department head under whose jurisdiction the matters discussed come. The routine work of the office generally consists of issuing permits for occupations, business, meetings, parades, etc. Likewise, special permits to open establishments or to work during Sundays are also issued by this office. The ratification of contracts covering the sale of lots in the Barrio Obrero, and other similar documents to which the city is a party, are executed in the office by a law clerk and three Notaries Public. The Secretary to the Mayor has general supervision of all clerical work and activities of the Office of the Mayor and is, ex-officio, Supervisor of the City Insane Asylum. He was Superintendent of the City Reformatories prior to the transfer of that department to the Public Welfare Office. The Office of the Mayor, in an administrative sense, also supervises the activities of the City Physician's Office, the Playground Office as well as the disbursement of miscellaneous yearly appropriations of the City of Manila. OFFICE FORCE, CITY MAYOR'S OFFICE First row, left to right: Agapito Lopez Chief Clerk A try. V ic~n te Diaz Sec. to the Mayor Atty. E. Adamos Asst. Sec. to the Mayor Atty. B. Pascual Asst. Chief Clerk & Law Clerk Srcond row: E. Ropclos A. R. Lim M. B. Jiao V. Gonzales G. Sta. Ana J . S. Esteban M . Llorcntc Third row : P. F. Mariano R. Stevens E. Rafael P. Gandare A. Lopez SECRET ARIAL DEPENDENCIES The City Sanatorium and Its Activities Before the enactment of the Jones Law, the education and correction of delinquent minors was entrusted to the officials of the Reformatory School for Boys and Reformatory School for Girls, while the care and maintenance of the insane was under the charge of a religious institution, as were also the Boys' and Girls' Reformatories. With the enactment of the .Jones Law, the City of Manila organized its own City Boys' and City Girls' Reformatory. For the maintenance of the city insane, the City Insane Asylum was organized. Until the year 1927 this institution was housed in a large menieval building belonging to the Roman Catholic Church and located in the municipality of Bocaue, province of Bulacan. During the same year, better quarters for the institution having been leased in San Pedro Makati, Rizal, the Asylum was transferred to the latter place. Just before this last transfer was effected, however, the name of the institution was changed from the City Insane Asylum to that of City Sanatorium. The present City Sanatorium is so organized that the different activities and functions are distributed among several divisions. Each division is in charge of a responsible employee who is directly responsible to the Director-Physician for the performance of the specific duties assigned to him. Altha the Director-Physician of the institution, by the nature of his position, is directly responsible for the general administration of the whole institution, yet under the present system of organization his office is a unit by itself and as such has specific duties to perform. The office of the Director-Physician formulates rules and regulations for the internal regulation of the City Sanatorium: supervises the enforcement of the rules and regulations promulgated for the welfare of the inmates and personnel of the institution; the Director-Physician supervises and prescribes the treatment to be administered to patients suffering from 38 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 different forms of insanity and also personally attends to the cases of those suffering from other diseases and generally looks after their comfort and well-being; the Director-Phyician exercise direct supervision over the work of two nurses and the pharmacist of the institution; he attends also, to the general needs of all the other divisions. The Property Division.-This division keeps in good working order and issues or disposes of the property and supplies of the institution. The issue of supplies, foodstuffs and other commissaries, as well as the keeping of all jewelry, money and other personal property found on the person of inmates upon admission. is a part of the work of this Division. For this purpose, three record books are kept; one for supplies received, another for supplies issued. The third is a record book containing a record of all jewelry, money and other personal property herein referred to. ·In addition. supply cards are kept as individual record of all supplies purchased and received. Monthly statements of these supThe attendants of this division take such precautionary measures as are intended to insure the safety of the inmates at all hours of the day or night, and to cope with any untoward accident, as well as to prevent any possible escape or violent act on the part of the inmates of the institution at any time. The Female Attendant Division.- This division is under the direct supervision of a female nurse. Under her. are four female attendants who perform duties idenrical to those performed by the male attendants. The Information Division.-This division admits visitors to the institution and supplies information requested.by these visitors. The employee in charge of this division sees to it that the door of the institution is open to admit visitors from 9:30 a. m. to 11:00 a. m. and from 2:00 p. m. to 5: 00 p. m. every day. He is also in charge of the ringing of the bell at stated times during the day for the inmates' and employees' meals and also for notifying the .attendants of the arrival of new patienrs. This division keeps a record of PEHSO'.\'.\EL OF TJJE CITY SA~ATORIUM, SAN PEDRO i\IAKATE, RIZAL plies are sent to the City Auditor, while the three record books of this division are always kept ready for inspection by proper authorities. The Pharmacy Division.- This is under the care of a registered pharmacist who takes charge of all medicines, drugs, medical supplies and such scientific equipments as the institution possesses. The registered pharmacist is under strict orders not to supply any medicine or drug unless it be upon a written order or prescription from the Director-Physician. As in the case of the Property Unit Division, this division also keeps the necessary record books, supply cards and inventory of all property entrusted to it. The Male Attendant Division.- This is under the care of a male nurse who supervises the work of four male attendants, as well as the work of such male inmates as, having somewhat recovered their sanity, are able to act as assistants or helpers to the male attendants. These so-called recovered male inmates, whenever they show willingness to do so. are assigned to easy tasks inside the institution. Others who are able and willing to do so are assigned to garden work within the walls of the institution. The male nurse and the male attendants in this division have strict orders to treat all patients under them with kindness and consideration. The work of giving all male inmates compulsory. baths and changes of clothing at stated intervals during the week is one of the duties of this division. Finl row (le/! to rioht) : C. C. Reyes P. F. Queros (Nurad R. de Joe Santos M. R. Ca,tro (Nurse) Dr. R. Syquia Dir.-phu.ician P. Gonules E. Mendoza D. L. Pengeon Secoml row: S. S. Josef P. Mangrobanir G. Francisco A. Santoe F. Franciaco M. Velaaco J. Morales A. Darvin S. Arcega L. Angeles M. Pineda all visitors and other information required by the DirectorPhysician. The Nurses Division.-There are two graduate nurses in the employ of the institution and both of these are in the Nurses Division. Their duties are to supervise the work of both male and female attendants, as follows : (a) To look after sick patients. (b) To carry out doctor's orders and to keep clinical records of the patients and note therin any treatment ordered by the doctor. (c) To keep strict supervision and care of medicines, medical supplies and instruments under their care. Patients' and Employees' Meals.-The s_ upplying of food to the patients and employees is by administration. Its preparation is under the charge of a buyer and two cooks. The institution is able to furnish its inmates and employees with satisfactory food obtained in the open market and fresh vegetables raised by the inmates. The contract for the supply of meat, rice, bread and firewood, is given to the lowest bidder, so that substantial economy is effected in the administration of the affairs of the institution. To prevent the repetition of anomalies alleged to have been committed by the former buyer of the institution, it is now the practice in the institution to assign another person to accompany the present buyer when purchasing foodstuffs from the · market. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 39 Personnel.-The following table gives a comparative statement of the personnel in the employ of the City Sanatorium during the years 1928. 1929, 1930 and 1931: I I I I Classification of. Employees I I 9 2 8 I I 92 9 19 3 0 I 19 31 Total Director· Physician Clerk· Accountant ! I I I I I I I I I Pharmacist I I I I I I I I Nurses 12 12 212 2 Attendants Buyer Cooks. I IO I 10 IO I 10 10 I I I I I I I 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 I- · - 1 - - 1 - - 1 - -1 - - 1 18 I 18 I 18 I 19 I 19 Admissions.-Insane patients of the City of Manila are admitted in the Sanatorium with accompanying commitment papers from the different Philippine Health Service Stations. from the Municipal Court of Manila, from the Court of First Instance of Manila. or from the Philippine General Hospital. All city patients are admitted as free or charity patients; however. any city insane may be classified as paypatient previous to the arrangement made by the office and the family or parent of the insane to that effect. Insane coming from th~ provinces can be admitted only as paypatients. The City Sanatorium also cares for old invalid folks of the City of Manila. There are at present four invalid patients confined in this institution. Discharges.-In compliance with the special order No. 8. paragraph Z3 of the Acting Director of Health, dated AuguS\ 17._ 19 2 9, discharges of inmates are effected after they have been examined and thereafter recommended to the Director of Health by Dr. Elias Domingo, an authorized representative of the Philippine Health Service, who makes his monthly visits within the first week of each month. The average length of confinement of the inmates in this institution varies from six weeks to six months. There are still four chronic patients who have been confined in this institution since its establishment in 1918. Three of these chronic patients have been insane since 1901 and one since the year 1902. They are the last of the original inmates of the institution who were transferred from the Hospicio de San Jose. STATEMENT OF ADMISSIONS AND DISCHARGES OF INMATES OF THE CITY SANATORIUM DURING THE YEAR 1931 AS COMPARED WITH THOSE OF 1930 Number of male inmates admitted during 193 1 ... Number of female inmates admitted during 193 1 Total number of inmates admitted during 1931 Total number of inmates admitted during 1930 .... . . . .... . Total number of inmates admitted during 1931 ...... ... . Decrease in admissions for the year 1931 Number of male inmates discharged during 1931 ... . ... .. . Number of female inmates discharged during 1931 Total number of inmates discharged during 1931 ... . . . . , , . Total number of inmates discharged during 1930 .. . ..... . Increase over the discharces for 1930 . . . .. .. .... . . 146 145 291 296 291 5 132 132 26't 243 21 COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF ADMISSIONS OF INSANE DURING THE YEARS 1928, 1929, 1930 AND 1931 Years M•le Female Total 1928 121 122 243 192-9 108 140 248 1930 I 147 149 296 1931 146 145 291 NUMBER OF INMATES DISCHARGED DURING THE YEARS 1928 TO 1931. INCLUSIVE Years Male Female Total 1928 i 89 94 183 1929 117 118 235 1930 ' 119 124 243 1931 132 132 264 Deaths.-There were nineteen deaths in the City Sanatorium during the year 1931. This institution has charge of 'the burial of its deceased inmates in the cemetery of the Municipality in which it is located. in accordance with the provisions of the Administrative Code of J 917 and the Municipal Ordinances. Upon the death of an inmate, a certificate of death is given by the instiLuLion and sent to the Town Health Officer to secure the burial permit. The family or near relatives of the deceased are duly notified as to the death, if their addresses are available. If their addresses are unknown, notification of the death is sent to the Philippine Health Service upon whose request the commitment of the deceased was made. Upon request of the relatives of any dead inmate, burial may be made at their expense and in any cemetery they may choose. COMPARATIVE STAT EMENT OF DEATHS OF INMATES IN T HE CITY SANATORIUM. DURING LAST FOUR YEARS 1928 1929 1930 19 31 Male 12 12 14 5 Female . . 7 13 13 14 Total 19 25 27 19 Preven1ive Measures.-ln view of the promiscuous grouping of a large number of persons in one single building, it has been found necessary to adopt such strict sanitary measures as are calculated to prevent the occurrence and spread of epidemics. TJ.ie following are the sanitary measures adopted in this connecrion: 1. On admission, patients are inoculated against choleratyphoid, paratyphoid and dysentery, (three consecutive inoculations) . 2. The patients' tanks for drinking water are filled daily with fresh water after sterilizing them with hot water. 3. All refuse is burned. 4. The bath rooms. and closets are washed and disinfected twice a day. · 5. The kitchen is washed thoroughly twice a day and kept clean. 6. The patients' clothes are fumigated twice a week. 7. The female patients' heads are examined for head-lice and suitable treatment applied, shaving of the hair, if necessary. 8. Collections of water, crevices, etc., are being continually filled up to prevent mosquitoes from breeding. 9. Patients suffering from infectious diseases are immediately isolated or transferred to San Lazaro Hospital. 40 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 The follo.;.,,ing impromptu games are taught to pupils in the primary and intermediate grades during recess periods: Grade ] Have You Seen My Sheep? Let the Feet Go Tramp Pebble Chase Former in the Doll Grade IV Round and Round the Village Japanese Tag Drop the Handkerchiefs Toss Ball Did You Ever See a Lassie? Three Deep Oats. Peas. Beans Wood Tag Jacob and Racquel Black and White Cat and Mice Poison London Bridge Blind Target Slap Jack Peggy in the Ring Grade II Skin the Snake Bull in the Ring Grade V Nuts in May Straddle Ball Follow the Leader Pop Ball Cat and Rat Pin Ball K«p Ball Circle Ball Kick Ball Partner Center Ball Porn Porn Pullaway Grade VII 1 Say Stoop ~~t~f.' f.~)1 Cross Tag Grade III War Spud Hang Tag Home Tag Slap Catch Simons Says Catch on Fish Number Change Flying Dutchman Grade VI Last Couple Out Forcing The City Mount Ball Chain Tag Bombardment Game Intermediate Boys and Girls Exponents 4 5 7 Age up to 12 years 13 years 14 years Over 14 years Height up to 54 inches 5 7 inches 60 inches Over 60 inches Weight up to 61 lbs. 74 lbs. 84 lbs. Over 84 lbs. Class A B C D Exponents up to 12 15 18 Over 18 The playground instructors visit the ~chools to ta~e the heights, weights and ages of school children. Pupils are weighed and measured during school hours which neces_sitates their being absent from the classroom three to five minutes. Interscholastic Events.-All pupils, from the first to the fourth grade, inclusive, constitute the first group, and all pupils in the intermediate grades, from the fifth to the seventh grade, inclusive, the second. For convenience in arranging the schedule, the schools are grouped into sections. Preliminary games between schools in each section are conducted and the winning school from each section is eligible to play in the final interscholastic games. Each principal appoints a general manager who becomes responsible for the conduct of the athletic activities in his school. The improvement of playgrounds and athletic facilities, the opening of new play fields, and the acquisition of new playground apparatus contributed in no small way to the successful carrying out of the program during the year. Among the important projects undertaken towards the development PLAYGROUND INSTRUCTORS AND CLERICAL FORCE PUBLIC RECREATION First row (left to right) : L. Zaragoza B. Diaz S. Torres (Pl4l;'gr01&nd Director, Citu of Mu:ni.la) F. Enriquez E. Bautista Back row: E. Ledesma T. Cuaderee P. Abella D. Calupitan M. P . Domingo To enable as many pupils as possible to part1c1pate in the games. a pupil is allowed to compete only in the events of the athletic class to which he or she belongs. In baseball, track and field, and tennis, a pupil is permitted to take part regardless of his or her classification. In the track and field meet for primary and intermediate grades, a pupil is permitted to enter only one event. Under no circumstances is a school permitted to enter teams in the interscholastic events unless the pupils have been properly prepared and systematically trained therefor. The training of pupils for the interscholastic events commences early in the year. ATHLETIC CLASSIFICATION Primary Boys and Girls Exponents 4 5 6 7 Age up to 10 years 11 years l Z years Over 12 years Height up to 48 inches 51 lnches 54 inches Over 54 inches 'Weight up to 47 lbs. 53 lbs. 61 lbs. Over 61 lbs. Class A B c D c E:rponents up to 12 15 18 Over 18 of City playgrounds were the reconstruction of the Osmeiia Park and the conversion into a playground, of the City property on Nebraska Street Extension. Among the important activities of the Office of Public Recreation during the year 19 31 were tile holding of the grand charity-fair-athletics, and exercising direct supervision over the following activities; the different athletic activities of the Manila Interscholastic Athletic Association, consisting of track and field events, volleyball and basketball for boys, and volleyball and indoor-baseball for girls; the activities of the junior athletic leagues formed by the pupils of the elementary grades; the physical education program of the city schools; the national athletic contests; the activities of the National Collegiate Athletic Association; and those of the Philippine Amateur Athletic Federation; commerci<ll and industrial leagues; private schools athletic league; the 4th of July athletic activities and. lastly, the giving of instructions for the carrying out of playground day delll-Onstrations, as well as the holding of athletic programs for Boys' Week. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 41 The City Physician's Office and Its Activities DR. LORENZO C. REYES City Physician From left to right: B. S. Santiago. Pfiarmacy -clerh. Dr. L. C. Reyes. City Physician. G. V. B•lcira. Nurse. S. V. Nunez. Clerk-typist and Attendant. The City Physician, assisted by a registered nurse, a pharmaceutical clerk and a clerk-typist-and attendant is in charge of this office. The City Physician conducts medical examinations. administers injections. makes antiseptic dressings and conducts physical examinations among policemen, firemen, employees and laborers of the City Government. During 1931 a total of 18,304 medical examinations were conducted by the City Physician, 6,959 policemen, 505 firemen, 7.207 clerks and 3,233 laborers were given medical treatment. Among policemen, laborers, firemen and employees, the average monthly medical consultation attended to by the City Physician is 1.496. The number of medical treatments administered every month among policemen. firemen. laborers and clerks averaged 579. 42, 269 and 600, respectively. Since 192 l. the number of consultations has steadily increased so that in 19 31 they averaged 1.496. In addition to these activities, a total of 4.4 39 medical examinations were conducted by the City Physician among mothers and babies in connection with the free distribution of milk under Ordinance No. 875. Of this number. 645 were examinations of mothers and 3.794. of babies. In 1931. 304 babies received free milk from the City. a total of 11,454 cans of condensed milk having been issued to them. The Playground Director and His Activities A Playground Director, eight playground instructors and other subordinate personnel are in charge of the activities of this office, which was organized primarily to look after the physical education of the pupils of the city schools. However, realizing the many advantages derived from organized play, the Playground Director extends the sphere of usefulness of his office in such a way that the Playground Director and his Playground Instructors, in addition to their regular functions, devote a good deal of their official time to athletics among private individuals, local athletic organizations, pupils attending the private schools and the public in general. In order to carry out athletic activities of the city schools more effectively, the Playground Director has divided the schools of the City of Manila into eight groups, each group being placed under the supervision of a playground instructor who sees to it that the various activities outlined in the physical education program of the City of Manila is carried out. These playground instructors, with the cooperation of the principals of the respective schools prepare the athletic schedules of the different city schools which includes a variety of group games, impromptu games, the slogan of this office being "athletics for everybody." Impromptu Games.-Impromptu games are prescribed for the spontaneous free play of the children. A real game instills in the minds of the pupils respect for rules and orderly conduct. 42 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 MUNICIPAL BOARD ) VICENTE BAUTISTA President of the Municipal Board. City of Manila As President of its Municipal Board, the City has one of its own native sons. For Mr. Vicente Baustita was born in Manila, on September 11. 1898. Thus his advent to this mundane sphere was coincident Wlth the scirring days \vhich marked the fall of the power of Spain in this part of the world. and the ushering in of the the new day that was destined to alter so radically the course of his country's history. Properly to prepare himself f or the opportunities which the new rfgime was to bring. Mr. Baustita pursued his studies assiduously with results which are indicated by the fact that he has been awarded four degrees : Bachelor of Arts. Bachelor of Laws, Master of Laws and Doctor of Civil Law. On June 15. 19 17, he was appointed temporary clerk in the office of the Governor-General. December 9, 192 I, he was apointed Fiscal for the ptovince of Sulu. Jn other provinces also, including Cotabato, La Unioo, and Bulacan, he rendered service in a similar capacity. On December 15. 1924. he became Assistant Fiscal for the City of Manila. continuing in this position until January 31 . 1928. Taking an active interest and a prominent part in the events incident to the proposed participation of the Philippines in the World War. he became both a Captain and Assistant Judge Advocate in the Ftderalized National Guard. . THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 43 THE MUNICIPAL BOARD By LUIS GONZAU:S The City of Manila was granted on August 7, 190 I, a charter which vested its government in the Municipal Board composed of five members, three of whom were directly appointed by the Governor General, and two, the president of the advisory board and the city engineer, being ex-officio members. In June, 1908, the charter was further amended so as to give to the people of the City some sort of participation in the government. According to the amended charter, the government was vested in a Municipal Board of six members, three appointed members, the city engineer, and two elective members. Again. in 1916 a further amendment was introduced in the charter giving to the people a much greater participation in the administration of the affairs of the Municipal government. According to the latest amendment the government of the City is now vested in a Mayor appointed by the Governor-General and ten councilors elected by the qualified voters of the City. Since this last amendment of the City charter, the Municipal Board has been controlled successively by the two major political parties, the Nacionalista and the Democrata. Under the present charter six elections have al1<ady been held during the past sixteen years. with the Nacionalista party controlling the Board four times and the Democrata party, twice. In the 193 1 general election the Nacionalistas barely outnumbered the Democratas, electing six of their candidates as against four Democratas. This is the composition of the Municipal Board to-day. Like our national legislature. the Municipal Board. on the very first day of irs term of office, that is. on October 16 of each year. elects its president and selects its secretary who serve during the term of office of the members. After this election it receives a message from the Mayor with the estimate of income and expenses of the City for the ensuing year. From this day until Christm.1s. it devotes most of irs time to the srudy and considcrarion of the annual appropriation for the Ciry which is usual! y passed bcf ore New Y car. This is considered rhe mos! important work this body has to do every year. The City's income is about seven and a half million pesos a year. and the Municipal Board makes a careful plan with regard to its distriburion. The objects and purposes to which the income of the City is allotted are as follows: Education, public works. health, sanitarian. police and fire protective service, charities. rccrearion. and sundry ocher items and expenses loo numerous to mention. The Municipal Board is empowered, tho in a limired way, co impose taxes upon certain business esrablishmcnrs in the City. Due to the expected decrease in the revenues for the coming year, there have been filed measures raising the taxes on certain business enterprises. in proportion to the increased expenses of the City for the maintenance of educational. police and fire protective services, as well as to meet the ever-increasing public demands for all forms of permanent public improvements. Likewise it has occasionally to pass upon rhe purchase and disposal of city properties. such as land, buildings and such important equipment as any department or office may wish to acquire. But before the final approval of the Board is given on any tr.111saction of this nature. the recommendation of the cxccutin branch of the Municipal government concerned is usually considered. MEMBERS OF THE MUNICIPAL BOARD In front, center: J. R. Fajardo. Secretary. From Jefr (round to the riRht) : Hon. M. de la Fuente (Democnta), Minority Floor Leader. H9n. V. Albo (Democra<a) Membtr. Hon. S. Agustin (Democrata) , Member. Hon. T . Mendoz.a (Nacionalista), Member. Hon. M. Nable (Nacionalista), Member. Hon. A. C. Torres (Nacionalista) , Mtmbtr. Hon. M. T . Halili (Nacionalista), Member. Hon. J. Figueras (Nacionalista), Member. Hon. V. Alindada (Democrata), Member, is not in the picture. 44 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 The confidence and trust of the great body of residents of this metropolis are reposed in the members of the Board. They regard them as the protectors and guardians of their welfare and the trustees of their interests. They consider them as the champions of their case against any and all forms of misgovernment and abuse in the public service. so that invariably they come to the Board when they have just cause for complaint against erring City officials. The residents, especially the poor and uninlluential, come to this body for relief against the harshness with which the provisions of the municipal ordinances are sometimes enforced. Not infrequently they appeal to this body for help when unscrupulous landlords eject them from their lands for failure to pay unreasonable rents. This body has become the protector and champion of the interests of the poor residents of the City in their fight against the unscrupulous rich. Many a time, upon its intervention. provisions of certain City ordinances which worked hardship on the poor were nullified so as to relieve them of the great difficulties they were laboring under. The operation of the provisions of ordinances referring to fees for the construction of light material buildings has in extreme cases been suspended so as to give relief to the poor and the needy who wanted a chance to build their ow n homes. The Board in these cases enacts ordinances. from time to time. extending monetary aid to poor persons whose houses are affected by the opening and construction of streets; exempting fire sufferers from the payment of municipal license fees for the reconstruction of their houses and giving them building materials. A study of the development of our City government reveals the gradual transition of this institution from a government of appointed officials to the present government with a legislative department composed of representatives chosen by the electors of the City. We have seen that the administration of this government has constantly improved with the change of this system and the people at large have come to repose more confidence in this institution. With the feeling that thru their representatives they are participating in the administration of their own affairs. the residents of the City show much interest and concern for the welfare of this government. They feel that they are a part and parcel of the system. The present Mayor has shown that he knows how to respect party responsibility in the City government. The Municipal Board has also shown that it knows the limits of its powers and prerogatives. And with this mutual respect existing between it and the Mayor, a sincere and earnest cooperation between them is made possible and success in the smooth and efficient administration of the affairs of the City Government can undoubtedly be assured. CLERICAL FORCE. MUNICIP AL BOARD First row, Left to right: Second row: Third ,.010: L. Simpao A. Maglaya R. Bristol L. Gonzales R. Centeno R. Corte2: J. de San Agustin S. lt<yes F. Gabriel (Chief Clerk) J. Santiaeo G. Ruiz J. R. Fajardo J. Palil@O A. Alcantara (Sec. of the Board) G. Santiago A. Sagum F. Cordero P. Estanislao F. Con.solacion M. A. Zoea R. E. Rt-Y ea F. de loa Santos M. Mananaala M. R. de la Vaca THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AND PUBLIC WORKS SANTIAGO ARTIAGA City Engineer Born May, 1878, at San Juan del Monte. Secondary education acquired at the private school of E. Men· diola. Finished high school course in San Juan de Luran College. Studied medicine for three years and mathematics half a year in Sto. Tomas University. Had to discontinue study in the stirring days of 1898. Studied Civil Engineering at University of Michigan. in 1900, having won a scholarship in .competitive n:amination given by the International Club (now Club Filipino), and graduated Bachelor of Science in Civil"Engineering in 1904. In the service of the City of Manila, became transitman, I 904 : Superintendent of Streets and Bridges, 1914; first Assistant City Engineer, 19 16; City Engineer, 1920. Traveled and studied in Germany, 1910. Professor of Hydraulics and Mathematics in Sto. Tomas University since 19 1 O. Acting Mayor of Manila at various times. Decorated by the King of Spain. 45 46 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 THE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AND PUBLIC WORKS By C. A. BAUER (Chief Clerk. Department of Engineering and Public \Vorks) JOSE G :\RRIDO A.rn.stant City Engineer The present Department of Engineering and Public Works was established in August. 1898. when the City Engineer's office of the Spanish regime was turned over to the military authorities. It was conducted by the military engineers until March. 1902. when C. W. Mead became City Engineer under the civil government. In 190 I the Santa Cru7. Bridge was built by the military. Right in the beginning. the subject of the sanitation of the city was forced upon the attention of the new authorities, Manila like other Oriental cities of that time being without sewerage facilities. It was recognized of course that sanitary sewers were an absolute necessity; but time would be required for their installation. Meantime there was no recourse but to fall back upon the primitive and highly objectionable pail system as a temporary make-shift, pending the construction of underground sewers. It was during the incumbency of Messrs. Owen L. Ingalls and James F. Case, ( 1903 to 1905) that the sanitary sewer system and the Montalban water-works were installed. In 1904 D. H. Burnham and Pierce Anderson came from the United States and made a study of conditions in Manila, which resulted in the Burnham Plan's being adopted In 1905. The old moat around the Walled City and the other low areas were filled in by pumping mud from the Bay and new gates were cut through the City Wall. Retaining walls were built in the Bay around what is now the ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION, DEPT. OF ENGINEERING t'.1 PUB. WORKS F irst row (IP/t to right) : B. de c~s.lro J. San Pedro S. Re!!idor C. Odvina (Plumbing Insp.) J . Garrido (Asst. City En· g ine-er ) J . Gonzales Nufiez (Chief. Cily Gas Laboratory) C. A. Bauer (Chief, Adm. Div. & Chief Clerk) M. Zalvidea ( City Boiler Insp) !i,.. Ruestra I. Noriega M. Dulay Second row: R. S. Sison J . Reyee V. Guisand (Asst. Boiler In· Spector) J. Lanuza F. C. Aca.demia F. Duban E. Katindic A. P. Mesina J. M&. Sa rte ( Gaa Meter Teater) C. Antiquera V. Padilla (Cost Accountant & Special Agent) E. Santiago M. Bautista J. •'Dizon A. 211.rbano M. de Gomaa I. Gonzales R. Morauo Third row: M. A. Cruz J. V. Gonzalea L. Lloret A. Adonai J. R. Navarrt:le P. Bautista J. lcnacio I. O. Umali N. S. Villarin L. V. Calixto V . P. Corvera E. O. Caro B. Anacan THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE For JANUARY. 1933 47 Port Area and the New Luneta and filled in the same way. Later came Dewey Boulevard. In 1921 the Jones Bridge was completed. The carrying out of the Burnham Plan. was begun by the straightening, widening and laying out veys. Sanitation and Transportation and Streets and Bridges. The work of the Department is large, shown by the fact that the average number of employees in 1931 was 2,895, ;ind its activities arc quite varied. DIVISION OF DRAFTING AND SURVEYS of new streets, construction of bridges. parks and playgrounds. The work is still going on. In the last few years new outlets from the City ha\'e been provided by the construction of Avenida Rizal extension. Calle Espana. Calle P. Sanchez and Taft Avenue. There are 2.468.7 13 square meters of streets. of which 686,502 square meters ar~ asphalted. Mr. Santiago Artiaga, the first Filipino to become City Engineer, is the head of the Department of Engineering and Public Works, and Mr. Jose Garrido, Assistant City Engineer. The five divisions of this Department are: Admi1:istrative, Construction and Inspection. Drafting and SurFi r.~ t row (/(:ft to right): C. Rodri:.::ut'7. J. Suiza G. V. Rt>ycs J. Agustines E. 1'~. Hcrbo,;a (Supt.) P. Guevara J. Bartolome 'J'. Darj1urn J. B. Canlas Sn·V'nd row (JJ!a11d:'11r1): N . Cnrlo,; M. Madri. al L. Ylo I'. Limpoco J. Romero B. Javit-r T. Bcnavidt>S A. Ma1i~'al1man A. Sa~uil M. de los Santos Tl.iril row: P . Bustnm~ntc \'. Jose P. Diolrno L . Lorcn7.o A. Roxas M. Absin A. Lara A. Cariiio The Administrative Division or main office of the Department. Mr. C. A. Bauer. Chief. includes executive control and administration. correspondence, records, statistical tabulations, requisitions. time keeping and accounting, while the < inspection section comprises the inspection of boilers and fnachinery. plumbing and sanitary installations, and the inspection and testing of gas installations. If you do not know with whom or with just what office you have to deal. call upon Mr. Bauer: if it is a matter of accounts, sec Mr. V. Padilla. Cost-accountant: if regarding the installation of boilers or machinery, ask for Mr. M. Zalvidca. Boiler Inspector: for gas installations see Mr. Jose Gonzales, he.id DIVISION OF CONSTRUCTION AND INSPECTION Fint TOW (left to right) : V. Simpao J . Evangelista E. Cabuyo C. Santos P. Roldan P. Torres G. Advincula J. Lingao A. Bernardo Seccrnd Yow: M. Alcazar C. Cabrera E. Cecilio ( Ch id Bldg. Ins p. ) J. Litonjua (Supt. Const. & Ins p. Div. ) M. Domingo J. Ocampo R. Tancinco J, Licuanan A . A gan Third row: C. Domingo A. Caaanave I. Ramos A. Sa.n Pedro S. Valencia F. Albuero A. Rubio 'C. Gomez P . Sica ngco M. de Jos Reyes M. Pereda M. Bernardo B. Maniquis Foruth M. Baquiran R. Licuanan C. Enriquez G. Au.nza Cc Deleo row: F. Marin A. Ortiz B. ChavH A. Ortiz 48 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 of the Gas Laboratory, located behind the City Hall main building; while for plumbing installations or repairs. call The Division of Construction and Inspection takes in the examination of plans and specifications. also the inspection DIVISION OF SANITATION AND TRANSPORTATION First row (left to n'oht : M. Angeles S. J oaflui n S. Qu imuyog A. Liwanag A. M all:'kawas A. Alcantara E. Lazam M. Flo res V . de la Cruz J . Cruz A. de la Cruz R. Sa ntos D. Mendoza G. Resano M. Sanios F. Serbolles A. Saracho G. Medina P. Ablog L. Custodio N . Ma riiio E . Ilartolome L. C ruz Z. Quimu}·og D. Ponce Second row: P. Casasola J . Fer rer B. Fulgencio V. Samia E. Flores J.M. Chico F. Catipont B. Yzon F. Pttk (Foreman &: Pound Keeper) P. P. Villa (City Veterinarian) J . P. Ecan (Gen. Foreman of Parka) W. D. Cheek ( Supt.) L. Escueta ( Gen. F oreman of Sanitation ) F . R. Hipolito ( Head Clerk) P. Reyes (Forema n of Ccm. del Norte & City Nursery) W . P . Hunniccutl (Chief, San. Insp.) J. Lanuza 'l'hird row: C. M.aca raig F. Castafieda E. Santos L. Pasion T. Alegre R. Vargas F. Maca rio M. Pecha T. J oeef A. Zapanta A. Carbonell E. Angeles M. Puno R. Pascual F . Ronquillo F. Jimenez R. Carnay E. Lega8pi A. Flores P. Reyes J . Macasaet J . Ramos N. de Leon G. Guevarra E. Mariano D. Bartolome S. Dayquen L. R. Gonzalea A. Magalinan T. Ines S. de Ocampo R. Dandnn s. Bageik (Foreman of Sout h C. Bartolome Cem.) J. Centeno C. Martin F. Martinez J. Torralba P. Limano DIVISION OF STREETS AND BRIDGES up Mr. C. Odvina, plumbing inspector (office in the Philippine Health Service, lntramuros) . First row (lef t to right ): P. N. Marsial M. Montaner (Street lnep.) L. Baut ista (Mechanic) E. de la Vega (Street lnap. ) S. Artiaga (City Engineer) J . Gonzales (Supt. of Streets and Bridges North) J . Rocha (Actg. Street Insp.) C. Alamil S. F ernandez ( Insp. of Dridsee) Second row: G. Manalo A. Valdez J. M. Marcelo P. Villegas B. Cacho R. Cariaso M. San Jose A . Dulata11 J , V. Ferrer S. Ariz.apa Third r()VJ : L. Fabila S. Salas F. Dimayuga L. Maileg S. Ambata of all private buildings erected or repaired. and constructs and repairs municipal buildings. If it happens that you THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 193 3 49 SECTION OF CITY CARPENTRY SHOP are about to repair a house or build one, call up Mr. J. Litonjua, Superintendent, for any information you may need as to the procedure, or ask for Mr. E. Cecilio, chief building inspector. Design and Construction, a closely allied division, designs and constructs municipal structures and passes on plans for reinforced concrete buildings. Mr. Jose Garrido, Assistant City Engineer, is in charge. The Division of Drafting and Surveys, establishes property, street, curb and sidewalk lines, setting permanent survey· monuments. and prepares drawings, prints and maps. Mr. E. F. Herbosa, Superintendent. For matters of line and grade, expropriations, to buy or rent a piece of City land, see him or his assistant, Mr. Jose Agustines. The Division of Sanitation and Transportation, Parks. Cemeteries and Public Grounds, keeps the City's parks, public grounds and trees along streets in order. conducts its cemeteries. has charge of the collection and disposal of garbage and waste, operates the pail system, incinerator for dead animals, the city pound for autos as well as animals. and mosquito extermination. If a tree on the street in front of your house needs trimming, or perchance the garbage collectors nonchalantly fling your garbage can around, or mosquitoes become too numerous, call up or upon Mr. W. D . Cheek, Superintendent. The Division of Streets and Bridges has charge of the construction. inspection and care of streets and bridges, their cleaning and sprinkling. It also has charge of filling lowlands. Mr. M. Alcuaz is Superintendent of Streets for the district south of the Pasig River, and Mr. Jose Gonzales, Superintendent of the North District, as well as in charge of filling low lands. If you think your street is never sprinkled, either Mr. Alcuaz or Mr. Gonzales will give relief or take pleasure in proving that the street is already being sprinkled from two to four times a day. WORK DONE DURING 1931 Buildings. The most important public works project ·begun in 1931 was the "Emilio Jacinto Elementary School, at Velasquez and Inocencio streets, Tonda. It has since been completed. The site has an area of 10,350 sq. m. This is a tw?-story con.crete framed building constructed by contract, costm_g appro:c1mately P265:000: and has a capacity of 1,800 pupils. Minor construction Jobs costing about !'52,803.66 we~e: a storeroom at J efferson Primary School; a .shed at the City Slaughterhouse: four bored-hole latrines; First row (left to right): E. Torres F. Almonte M. Constantino V. Gallardo J. Santos Q. Mandigma T. Marin A. hip C. Alz.adon Scccmd "ow : L. Cutafleda P. Valderrama .J. Ileltran M. V. Bernardo P. Pargas (Foreman) M . Plata (Gen. Foreman) A. Florendo K Medina N. Luna P. Bautista M. Santos Third row: D. Villa.real F. Goniales E. Oliva A. Francisco G. Dionisio J>. Sanche-;; M. de los Sa ntos T. Ramir<'Z K Victoria H. Roque R. Miguela T. Ibale H. Prin~ipe J. llautista !-'mirth T. Toirnigui M. Abelar G. Miranda F. Na\•arro A. Magbanua ruw: 1-{. Gokon M. Gonzales n. St.a. Cru7. C. Villanueva a grandstand at Osmeiia Park: live public midden shed;: and 241 election precints. Various repair jobs on City buildings costing P78,3 l 6.2 l were also undertaken. Street Construction. Activity along this line is shown by the following: (I J AreJ in square meters of streets opened, extended or improved . . . . . . . .. (2) Area in square meters of new streets conscrurted of asphalt concrete . (3) Area in square meters of new s!reets constructed of asphalt macadam ( 4) Area in square meters of new streets constructed of escombro (5) (6) (7) Area in square meters of drive~ay con· structed of asphalt concrete Area in square meters of concrete pavement constructed . . . . . .. Area in square meters of street repaved with asphalt macadam T otal area in square meters of street con· struction, extension, improvement or repavement (8) Number of important streets repaired with macadam stone (9) Number of important streets repaired with asphalt macadam (I 0) Lineal meters of curbs, gutters and canals constructed Legarda Elemenury · S,hqol 10.665.15 10.683.00 785.0Z 1,345.00 2.656.51 1.318.50 17. 598.08 45,051.26 98 69 7.375.82 50 THEGOVERNMENTEMPLOYEEforJANUARY. 1933 Artesian wells and public hydrants: is furnished through 21 artesian wells drants owned by the City. Free drinking water and 361 public hyFilling low lands, Act 3352. During the year 47 parcels of low land comprising an area of 146,405.53 square meters were filled in. which added to the areas filled in 1929 and 1930, amounts to 625,351.19 sq. m. filled under the Act. Boiler, Motor and Machinery Inspection. The fees collected in 1931 as compared with the three previous years are as follows: 1931. 1'28,530; 1930, P29,l I l.50; 1929, P25.595.00; 1928, 1'23,873.00. The number of inspections made and certificates issued while less than in 1930 show a considerable increase over previous years: 193/ 1930 /9Z9 1928 Boiler certificates issued 175 182 178 155 Air tank certificates issued 37 36 29 18 Machinery certificates issued 185 502 368 252 Motor certificates issued 115 107 80 77 Elevator certificates issued 78 74 56 41 Inspections made 2.042 2.270 2.019 1.439 Gas Inspection: Gas explosions are unknown in Manila, due to the excellent control of its manufacture and distribution. The Gas Corporation extended its service by installing 117,652.35 lineal meters of distribution pipe. The City's income for testing new meters was P9,348.00, and for certificates of new installations, Pl 3,385.00. Adding the amount paid for franchise the total is 1'75,204.22, or P4,029.6 I less than the income for 1930. Plumbing Inspection : The estimated cost of 1.952 projects for plumbing installations (including alterations and repairs) was 1'534,320.76, as compared to 1.846 projects valued at P55 l.498.60 in 1930. Drafting and Surveys: The number of lines and grades given for buildings, curbs, fences, etc., was 3, 173, being 206 less than in 1930; 2.345 were for strong material buildings, fences, curbs and sidewalks._ and the rest for light material buildings. Decisions in favor of the City were obtained in 21 cadastral cases, aggregating- an area of 2,768.78 sq. meters, of an assessed value of Pl2,972.90. Expropriations valued at P1 67,494.41 were paid in 1931 , while City property sold was valued at 1'19,444.92. Building Inspection: 1,715 permits were issued for con~tructing strong material buildings, valued at 1'7,477,520 and 1,932 for repair of such buildings. valued at P633.990. 1:he. con~truction of light and mixed-material buildings is d1mrn1shing, 84 permits being issued for construction, valued at'Pl7,720 and 2,950 permits for repair, valued.at Pl22,310. 1.05~ signboard permits, 145 for fences, 297 for temporary buildings and 64 for tanks, ovens and foundations were issued. Th.e total number of permits issued was 6,999, the fees amounting to P103,642.23. The value of all construction for which I 0,446 permits were issued amounted to P8,25.I.540, as compared to P8,580,330 in 1930, 1'9,560,540 in 1929, 1'9,509,590 in 1928, and P7,487 220 in 1927. • Sanitation and Transportation : The City's parks and p~rked areas amount to 1.348,639 square metets, which with trees along streets are cared for by this Division, which also has charge of the nursery, zoological collection and three cemeteries. The city refuse is collected and used for filling low land; 23,995 sq. m. having been filled in 1931. Animals impounded during the year numbered 7,559, and 155 motor vehicles were taken to the pound. Streets and Bridges: Sidewalks constructed in 1931 amounted to 11.003.32 sq. m., curbs 5,173.25 lineal meters, gutters. canals and drainage 9,961.12 Jin. meters. 3, 169 street signs. 41 9 refuse receptacles. I 1 7 boxes for receptacles and 4 3 traffic posts and signs were repaired. Expenditures Asphalting main streets Streets constructed for the Insular Government Maintenance and repair of streets Street maintenance and repair of bridges Operation of machine shop Operation of M eisic carpenter shop Kinds of Pavement Asphalt sheet on asphalt macadam Asphalt surfaced Bituminous macadam Bituminous concrete, macadam foundation Bituminous concrete, concrete foundation Concrete on macadam foundation . Escombro and gravel Macadam Stone blocks Wood blocks Earth Dec.JI. 1930 A rea, sq. m . 15, 131.00 123,984.00 242.951.00 250,742.00 10,280.00 14,348.00 130.127.00 1.409,801.00 30,330.00 13,475.00 4,066.00 I' 28.575.48 21.637.39 430,648.19 26.459. l 9 1.949.94 4,052.61 Dec. 3 I. 193 I Area, sq. _ m. 15.131.00 123,98 .... 00 261.334.10 261.425.00 10.280.00 14.348.00 131.472.00 1.402.868.07 30,330.00 13,475.00 4.066.00 2.245.235.00 2,268.713.1 7 Total length of streets, 517.66 kilometers. HOW TO OBTAIN A BUILDIN<l PERMIT The following information may be useful to those wishing to obtain building permits. - For construction of a light or mixed material building, call at the Construction and Inspection Office. File an application for the work intended; a clerk makes it out for the applicant. This is then turned over to an inspector. After the approval by the inspector it is forwarded to the Sanitary Engineer, and at the same time a line and grade card is sent to the Division of Drafting and Surveys for approval. Once approved by both offices mentioned the permit is ready for issuance after checking and signing by the proper authorities. In the beginning the applicant is advised about when to come back for his permit. In the case of a strong-material building, the procedure is the same, but the applicant must submit a sketch of location, in triplicate, paying the necessary deposit. For strong-material buildings, with plans, an application must be filed, together with three sets of plans (one of tracings and two blue prints) and two extra location plans. Upon acceptance of plans, the deposit must be paid. The plans are to be forwarded to the Sanitary Engineer and line and grade card to the Division of Drafting and Surveys, for approval, after which the plans are checked by a structural engineer. The Chief Building Inspector then goes over the plans to see t?a~ all ordi?ances and regulations are met. Th; plans and budding permit then go to the Superintendent and to the Assistant City Engineer, for approval and signature. After payment of the full amount of the fee the permit is issued. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 19 3 3 DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE VICTOR ALFONSO City Treasurer Born March 6, 1877, in Sta. Cruz, Laguna. He is the son of Francisco Alfonso and Fabiana ·Rivera. Received primary educaiion in the public school of his native town .. after which he attended the Escuela Nor~ ma! Superior de Maestros de Manila (1891-1895) from which he was-graduated: He taught in the public schools of Pagsanjan, Laguna, until stirred by the tumultuous events of 1896 he had to g'ive up his work to join the Philippine Revolutionary Forces of General Miguel Mal var, then campaigning in the provinces of Laguna. Batangas, and Tayabas and remained in the field untit peace was restored and a general amnesty was proclaimed, July, 1901. Being totally unprepared for the changes in political and civil conditions introduced by the Americans. Mr. Al .. fonso did not, nevertheless, lose heart. He started working by accepting the first position available, which was that of a clerk in the provincial treasurer's office of Tayabas at a salary oC"S25.00 a m~nth. Mr. Alfonso, always a firm believer in the principles of the merit system. as upheld by the Bureau of Civil Service, took pan in various competitive examinations conducted by the said bureau. In February, 1907, he was among those few who qualified in the provincial treasurer's examination, together· with Miguel Unson, former Secretary of Finance, and WenCeslao Trinidad, former manager of the Philippine National Bank. In July, 1901, he was appointed deputy provincial treasurer of Tayabas, arid for some time acted as provincial interpreter and provincial secretary. On March 2 J, 1908. he was made chief clerk of the provincial treasurer's office of Sorsogon. He served as provincial treasurer of Oriental Negros from 1909 to 1913, and later in Tarlac. After holding the same position in Nueva Ecija from 1917 to 1919, he was transferred to the Executive Bureau as Special Agent. and later designated as disbursing and supply officer of the City of Manila. On May I. 1921. he was appointed by the Governor-General. with the approval of the Senate,.as chief of the department of finance and treasurer of the city of Manila, ·which position he still holds. Mr. Alfonso also studied law and higher accounting, being a certified public accountant. He is a mem ~ her of the Metropolitan Water District Board and the Philippine Board of censorship for moving pictures. He married the former Miss Luisa E. Lagdameo in February, 1908. They have six children. They reside at I 008 C~rolina. Manila. 51 52 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 THE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE By VICTOR Al.I 0'/SO City Treasurer r\QL:ll. INO CAI.l\:TO AHistcmr C ilt/ Trt'O.\t11t•1 ORGANIZATION The Department of Finance of the City of Manila was organized on May 1. 1921. under the provisions of Act No. 2991, for the purpose of placing in the hands of the Chief of this Department, the City Treasurer, all of the duties and the responsibilities heretofore handled by the Disbursing Officer of the City of Manila, as well as the collection of taxes and other revenues which duties formerly were performed by the Collector of Internal Revenue, who was then ex-oficio City Assessor and Collector. Originally, rhis Department was very small, its employees, numbering only 98, and its duties being limited to those specified in the Act. But it has been steadily enlarged and its employees have been increased to 3 3 5. the present number. How its activities have increased and extended from year to year may be seen further along. The personnel of this office is composed of the City Treasurer. the Assistant City Treasurer and the Chiefs of seven divisions: Administrative. Accounting, Cash. License and Inspection, Markets and Slaughterhouses. Property and Supervision. together with their corresponding employees. POWERS AND DUTIES The City Treasurer, besides being the financial adviser of the City of Manila in accordance with Section 2480 of the Revised Administrative Code, has as his principal duties, the collection of hath insular and municipal taxes. the disbursement of all the expenditures of 1he city. the responsibility for all city properties, and all accounting in connection with the transactions of not only the Finance Department, but also of all departments and offices ofthe City. Likewise, the City Treasurer purchases and issues all supplies, equipment and other property required by the City. VOLUME OF WORK The main sources of revenue of the City, of which revenues the Office of the City Treasurer has the inherent powers to enforce collection, reach yearly, the following approximate amounts: Real Est;>te Taxes Municipal licenses and permits Cedulas Franchise Tax 1'3,900.000 692,000 243,000 234.000 ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION Firat row (left to riohO V. M. Magpoc M. Z. Suilga J. Yaptangco, Chic/ Cl~rk T. R. Daradar, Asat. CM~! Clerk M. Cueto Second rou:: M. Aciag~ F. B. de Leon PP. Velasquez M. P icar E. D Panis A. Calma Third rou1: E. M. laip C. Eetanialao J . Consunji THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEEforJANUARY. 1933 53 LICENSE DIVISION First rot~ (le/t to rig11t) : F. Estanislao Chief. Jt1sp. Scrtion F. Dauis Chi<'/. Wta. & Mccuurc:a Sectiau P. Tangeo Chief, Forc11try Section I. Garcia Chi# , Int. Rev. Section Z. Isaac ChieJ. License Div. I. Tecson Ch.WI, Mun. Rev. Section J. A:rala F. FinHB M. Aquino In addition to which are the rentals, market fees, court coses, fees and fines, sheriff fees and miscellaneous charges of the different departments of the city. According to the existing records, this office ( 1) deals with over 28,000 internal revenue tax-payers; (2) transacts business with about 34.000 persons paying municipal licenses and permits; (3) handles the accounting .of the whole government of the City of Manila; ( 4) collects taxes from 32.834 real estate tax-payers. CASH DIVISION Second row: J , Martin F. Lope?: J. Gloria D. Ta ma yo G. D. Lagasca G. Calapatia P. Ella J. Obmaces M. Lapid E. Javier B. :MedalJa A. Lejarde Third row: .r. Consunji V. fh1igASCO N. P. Misa M. G. Concepcion H. V. Llaca r S. Malva r 0. Ppmarada A. Abalahin R. Gonzales M. Picar C. Villaruel M. Ignacio A. Tapia T. Corpus M. Villanueva The City collects about P25.000.000 internal revenue taxes a year which is approximately 60% of all. internal revenue taxes collected for the whole Philippine Islands. At the same time the City T reasurer collects all of the revenues and disburses all funds of the city; the revenues and expenditures each amounting to approximately 1'8,000.000 a year. In addition the City Treasurer performs all of the duties and offices which under law and regulations pertain to the provincial treasurers. F irat TO W (left to rigllt : A. Navar ro E. Dagal C. Medina G. Sese (Asst. CashiC'r) V. Almanzor (Cashfor) V. SaniJad S. Bautista Second row: M. L opei L. Cruz E. Pascual (Chief, Cedula $ o;!C· tion ) A. Dalabis J. Sanehe:G Valdoria C. D. GueC'o J. Morales C. l poc E. Adiao E. Adiao M. Ursua F. Tuu:on M. Mier Third row : F. Benito D. Navarro R. Barrios M. Bunda (Chief, Real Esl&t.e) E. Cruz D. Virtudozo R. Quer rubin A. Aldaba · F. PoUcarpJo 54 First row (left to right) : P. Constante E. Espinola C. Lucido F. Castillo P. Espino S. Navarro D. de )a Cruz J. Garcia A. P ineda S. Jarmin J. Cruz P . Ramoa A. Gaviola P. Ampil THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 ACCOUNTING DIVISION Fir:.tt r ow (/Mm lcj t lo Ti'1hl): J . S. Lon·nzo J. Rey<'s S. Ga:c ha lian A. Concepcion, Chief Accountant L-. Ca.rag P. Ulanco J. Franco Scco-nd row : E. D. N avarro P. U. Bonilla L. Respicio A. Ramos M. N. Lopez F. P. Tayag E. Paz B. Vargas Third row: C. lpac J . H . Sanchez S. Araoe C. A. Adefuin E. M. Lomibao F. Mercader, Jr. A. Calma MARKETS. STOCKYARD AND SLAUGHTERHOUSE DIVISION Scc<md .,.ow : G. J ocson D. Paguia J, Ga.sgonia R. Valencia A. Scarc~la E. Chinchilla E. Aparri M. Airuila N. de los Santos E. Salat.ar F. Aviado, Superintefldent A. Airan V. Barroso C. Rocha N. Zaragoza L. David M. Dimapilie C. Alano Third row: S. Valeriano D. Lituco S. Kahanding R. de la Rosa M. Corpus E. Dimbla A. Aguirre C. P erucho C. Herrera T . Sah-ador M . Mendoza M. Lanuza M.. Carlos S. Garzon R. Villegas F. Castano E. Bai.ea A. Casal V. Villanueva L. Serrano Galang P. Lac.za D. Ballad J. Sawal F. Ajero F. Dionicio A. Ami.cial R. Carreon (bidden) P. Nocum Fourth row : P . David L. Pineda G. Giao F. Pare T. Panlillo M. Dichosa A. Seri;tado E. Be1cado S. David V. Tagle A. de Leon A. Abaya I. Ramo1 L . Abrantes A. Guiharde J . Trinos D. Maiioz V. Cardenas R. Jimenez C. Batarra J . Jimeno J . Canaleta R. Sta. Maria F ifth rf1~· : C. Nery N. Beltran A. Ochoa F . O riiia R. Tobias T. Notario THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 19 3 3 PROPERTY DIVISION From Ult to right: R. Raymundo T. Salac L. Montes (Chief, Property Div. &: Deputy City Treas.) J. Navarro (Ot.•puty City Treas.) C. Pilapil EXPLANATION OF ACCOMPANYING CHART Adjudication (courts) City Fiscal's office Municipal Court Sheriff's Office 220.296.88 Government Finance Board of tax appeals Assessment Department Finance Department Operation Markets and Slaughterhouses Pails and Septic Vault system Shop Cemeteries General Administration Office of the Mayor Municipal Board Election expenses City Auditor P621.006.40. 377.811.94 274.800.46 SocMI /mprovemenl;; Z3.8Z % ,P2.~-53.37S. 2' Co,P,'hr/ eKfU/7$e5 zs . .:;~ /. Jl"Z.t>~3,.Sll!J.S2 6.02 '7o 3.67% 2.68 '7o Court of First Instance Protective Service Fire City Physician City Sanatorium Artesian welts, public hydrants Public sanitation and inspection Aid to fire sufferers Police Social Improvements Public Co~rect~on Parks, public grounds Public recreation libraries City Schools 2.526.337.89 2.453.375.21 Economic Development 1.184.315.28. Department of E ngineering and Public Works Maintenance and upkeep of P ublic Highways Cadastral surveys Capital expenses Sinking funds Capital outlays Equipments Total 2.643,589.52 . ' ... .... .... . Pl0,301,533.58. 55 2.13 '7o 24.52% 23.82% 11.5 % 25 .66% 100% 56 THEGOVERNMENTEMPLOYEEforJANUARY. 1933 POLICE DEPARTMENT CAPTAIN COLUMBUS E. PIATT Chief of Police Columbus Edmond Piatt, born in Jefferson County, T•nnessee, January the 17th, 1880: was in school until he joined the 4th Tennessee Volunteer Infantry in April, 1898, and se"ed during the Spanish-American War. In Trinidad, Cuba, with this regiment from October, 1898 to April, 1899 : returned home and entered coHege: enlisted in the 4 3rd U. S. Volunteers for service in the Philippines in October, 1899; }anded in Manila, January 1st, 1900; came to the Islands by way of the Suez Canal; served in Saffiar and Leyte; joined the Manila POTice Departm<nt, F<bruary the 22nd 190 I ; appointed sergeant Nov•mb<r 5, 1918; appointed Captain July 13. 1925; appoint<d Chid of Police January th< 20th, 1930; organizod and trained th< Traffic Division of the Manila Police Department and was in command from June, 1922, to August, 1929; built the Police revolver range in 1924 and was range officer in addition to traffic duties until 1929; trained the members of the Police Depart~ ment in shooting until about 80o/o now qualify in the use of the revolver undtr the United States Army regulations. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, ! 933 57 THE POLICE DEPARTMENT History of the Manila Police Department l.ly \\'M. MURPllY Chief Clerk, Pofh·e Dt•purlmt·nt The history of the Police Department of Manila is full of ups and downs, bright sides and gloom: :ilso of service, loyalty and efficiency. It has its drab moments, its hours of excitement. and monotonous labors in endless succession. It had its inception in the Military police in 1898 wllen American soldiers patrolcd the City in pairs. These sol· diers were partially replaced and augmented by Filipino police of the "Guardia Civil" and "Veteranas" of the Spanish days. In January, 1901. a regular police forced composed of approximately 2.000 men in the ratio of two Americans to Captain Gregorio Alcid Assistant Chief of Police chree Filipino officers under the command of an Army super .. intendent of police was inaugurated. A few months later during August, 1901. at the installation of the Civil Government the police force was reduced to I , 175 and before the end of the year 1901 to 900. The City was divided into six police districts of two station houses each with additions of a river and harbor patrol for the esteros, river and bay, and a mounted detachment for the outlying districts and suburbs .. On July 1, 1906, the river and harbor police, mounted detachments and one of the police precincts were abolished, the rank of Lieutenant and roundsman eliminated, and the force was reduced to around 600 members. The cost ot maintaining the Department· was also reduced from over PI.000,000 a year to barely P700,000. In 1916, all of the police precincts except two were abolished, which condition still exists. In 1919, the City having grown to large proportions, the police force was increased to 700 and salaries of patrolmen greatly increased. Since that time the force has gradually grown to 972 and to the two police precincts have been added the traffic and general patrol divisions; also the Secret Service has been augmented. The work of the Department has grown apace, with the growth of the City. The motor traffic problems and of late bands of rowdies incident to the un~mployment situation have added to its work and activities. The Army and ex-Army officer of 1898 and 190 I has been replaced by officers from the ranks. The officers of the Department have passed through the various grades from patrolman to their present positions, while the present Chief of. Secret Service has a long Insular Police experience behind him. he being a retired Colonel of the Philippines Constabulary and for many years Chief of the Intelligence Division of that body. They have gained their present places through years of actual experience and not only know their men and police problems from theory. but also by years of hard knocks. They have lived and learned the life of policemen and unquestionably are thus better able to handle men and the police problems of the City. The soldier uniform of 1898 was replaced by olive drab and caiiamo and later by English khaki. The officers have forgotten the closed collar and now wear open collars and Sam Browne belts. The old 45-caliber Colt revolver has been replaced by Colt Police Positive 32 and 38. Riding crops are swung by sergeants and officers instead of clubs. Night sticks, gas, and motor vehicles have been added. Traffic signals greet one occasionally: the horse-drawn vehicles of the Department went into disuse twenty years ago. But, in spite of changes, hardships, low salaries, increased duties, charges of graft and third degree, and lack of provisions for the aged and infirm policemen, the Manila Police Force has had a brilliant record replete with deeds of valor and heroism, narrow escapes and many dangers, which rarely have come to public notice. Braving the inclemency of the weather, trudging through dust and heat, wading through floods of water and treacherous debris, venturing through dark, lonely , and dangerous streets, fending off attacks of marauders and rowdies, resisting the insidious influences and temptations of organized vice and crime in manifold forms, the bulk of the Manila Police Force has braved the storm and stood the test. Lt. Col. Juan Dominguez, P.C. (Retired) Chief, Secret Service 58 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 193 3 OFFICERS. POLICE DEPARTMENT While we arc prone to publish the weak points and misdeeds of policemen, their heroic deeds are taken as a matter of course incident to the efficient performance of their duties as guardians of the public. If a police officer steps beyond his rights or conducts himself in any way other than as an officer and a gentleman, he is brought to immediate account, bur his acts of valor with few exceptions remain unheralded. He, like the soldier, is presumed to "do or die" without any display or extra reward for gallant action. However, during the last decade he is coming to be recognized more as a human and less as part of a machine. Medals of Honor for valor and Commendations for Meritorious Service in exceptional cases have become more and more th~ order of the day. During the year 1930 the late Patrolman Lonnie W. Duke was awarded a Medal of Honor and the "Roces Medal for Valor" for jumping into the sea and rescuing a Chinese girl from drowning. He found her, pulled her out of the water, applied first aid, and sent her to the hospital; thereby saving her life; but died himself five weeks later, from pneumonia. F'irat row (left to riyl1t): Capt. F. J(ruevH (Cominandini: Precinct No. 2) Chief C. E. f'ialt Asst. Chief G. Alcid · Capt, F. Fores (Commnding Pr~ cint No. 1) Second row: Capt. G. Lugtu (Police Head(luartcrs) S. l\lievcr:i (Chief. Traffic Dh·is ion) Capt. F. Miranda (Asst. Commander, Precint No. 2) Capt, M. Arg-onza (Commancling, Gen. Patrol Div.) On April 25 , 1922, Patrolman (n?w Sergeant) William Prill arrested without bloodshed or v10lence an armed murderer of four men who had boasted that he never would be taken alive. For this deed he was awarded a Medal of Honor ten years later on March 13th of this year. January 18, 1927, Patrolman (now Sergeant) Albino Padlan in company with another patrolman arrested a man armed with two knives and a chisel who defied anyone to arrest him. Both policemen were severely wounded but Patrolman Padlan knocked the man out with his night stick. He was awarded a Department Medal of Honor last March 13. - On September 26, 19 3 I. Sergeant Procopio Beltran climbed up into a dark attic where he overcame a murderer armed with a bolo and revolver who had slain his mast~r and wounded two children. On March 13. 1932, he was awarded the Police Department Medal of Honor and the Roces Medal for Valor for the most heroic deed during the year 193 1. OFFICE FORCE, POLICE HEADQUARTERS Fi1st row (left to right): J. H. Amador U. Carinso E. San l'ascual W. Murphy (Chief Clerk) C. C. Hernandez ( Asst, Chief Clerk) J. Soria F.. V iola P. Gah'ez Second row: N. Tabtab A. Tabtab E. :Macarae.r A. L. Mendoza J. G. Villanueva F. Geronimo J. Malinay A. G. Cipriano J. Marcelo A. Olanday J. Legaspi THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for J ANU ARY, 19 3 3 59 Jn addition to the four Medals of Honor above mentioned three patrolmen were commended for "Meritorious Conduct." March 13, )932: Patrolman Domingo Aquino on June 25, 1931. in company with ex-Detective Rosauro de Leon chased a fugitive for several blocks through congested traffic and crowds of school children, dodging the bullets from the fleeing man and finally cornering him. The policeman did not use his revolver for fear of endangering the crowds on the streets. The fugitive shot himself when finally cornered. Patrolman Fortunato Mercado on October 12. 1931, saw two people climbing out of a kitchen window with stolen goods; both were arrested by him. One February 14, 1932. Patrolman Timoteo Victorino while investigating a robbery found a bundle of stolen property. He watched the bundle and when one of the culprits returned to get it, effected his arrest after a long chase, and secured information as to his confederates. Manila has always been proud of its "Finest" as a loyal. efficient, and fine body of men from the lowliest cop and secreta to their Chief. The personnel. both officers and men, have changed during the last thirty-one years. but some of the "Old Guard" still are protecting our lives and property, and the spirit of loyalty and service of 190 I still prevails in 1933. Police Conditions and Activities By GREGORIO ALCID Assistant Chief of Police The Manila Police Department thru whose agency the City of Manila enforces its police power, operates with a strength of approximately 900 men who are members of both the detective and the uniformed forces. There are at present eleven officers of the force (detective and uniformed). namely : The Chief of Police, the Assistant Chief of Police, the Chief of Secret Service, the Assistant Chief of Secret Service, Chief of the Traffic Division, and six Captains. The secret service force consists of 8 6 detectives, besides the Chief and the Assistant Chief; while the uniformed force, which is apportioned among the Meisic police ·station, the Luneta police station, and the Traffic Division embraces 7 first class and 51 second class sergeants; 30 first class and 703 second ·and third class patrolmen. In order to better understand the present condition and activities of the Manila Police Department, a survey of its organization will be made. EXECUTIVE CONTROL AND SUPERVISION Headquarters The executive control and supervision of the Manila police resides in the Chief of Police, and in his absence, in the Assistant, whose offices are located at the Police Head. quarters. City Hall. Orders are transmitted direct to the different stations and divisions, and the reports of the activities of the latter are forwarded to the Chief of Police at the Headquarters where they are checked up, consolidated, and acted upon. Under the present arrangement, the Chief· of Police acts upon the major policies affecting the administration of the Manila police. while the A~sistant Chief has under his immediate charge the discipline and deportment of the members, besides other matters assigned to him by the Chief from time to time. For the purpose of coordinating the various functions and activities of the police, as well as acquainting all officers with the particular or special needs of the service, a meeting of officers is usually held at the Office of the Chief of Police every Thursday morning, where police questions and problems are submitted, studied, and discussed. POLICE STATIONS Regular Patrol Duties Manila with its vast population and territory has only two police stations under the command of two captains each-the Meisic police station, covering all the territory north of the Pasig River. with an approximate area of 20,430,881.55 square meters, or 7.89 square miles; and the LUNETA POLICE STATION (PRECINCT No. I) Firet row (left to right) : F . Mueller C. F. Kolodzik Sgt. A. Jamandri G Lamez Capt. F. Fores, Commandin~ Cap~ R. Leyerly, Asst. Commanding Sqt. A. Paddan N. Liwanatt R. J. Wessner Second row: E. M. Claudio D. T. Legaspi T. Alvara.do N. San Juan A. Quita D. Julaton F. Orge P. Cargullo L. Sison S. R. Labina Third row: M. Quinee T. Pasuirhtan L. Flores F. Algara C. Weber A. Nugue M. San Juan C. Gomez FOurt.h row: V. Lardizabal M. Quiman L. Trinidad C. Ysln E. Obial A. Romero H. Sandi1iUe A. Lopena 60 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE forJANUARY. 193 3 Luneta police station, covering all territory south of the Pasig River, with an approximate area of 15.163,107.75 square meters, or 5.85 square miles. At present, the total number of men assigned to the Meisic police station is 315 and to the Luneta police station 206. These men are performing regular patrol duties on all the streets of the City of Manila. In 1919, there were already in existence 1.909.163.64 square meters of streets with an approximate length of 225. 77 .. ~ ~ • e l "' .. -~ ~ ~ • e ~ r.. ~ 0: " . . c ..; < ~ .. " r;; :ii kilometers-: but in 1928, nine years after, there had already been constructed 2, 161,64 3 square meters with an. approximate length of 5 0 I. 9 kilometers. Thus, in order to cover the entire City of Manila, the Police Department has to adjust itself under its very limited appropriation, in such a way as to require every patrolman to cover at least two miles an hour during his whole tour of duty. § . . j ~ '§ rll . . .g " ~ . 2 ~ . ~ ~ .2 ... B . ~ 8 ~ ! . . s .':! ] ,.., . B . = 1l . ~ . -~ .. . ~ A . ~ . . s . ~ . :ii .: .:: .:: .. ,.., .. :i; " ;::; 0: "' '° ,.., " <:i " ..: ..: .; :ii ..; .; .; r.i ..; .; ,,; d ..: ,,; ,,; " ,.; I (.) .; .. ~ . :a . " ~ j E 0 . ~ . .: .. ~ 0 ! ~ .., .. ·s j . 5 ,g . . ~ f :: ~ ~ .!: 0 ell " 0 ~ "' .:: :ii .. e -; ~ . ~ . ;,; A " ~i ~~ ..: (.) a ~ ~ 'a "' ..: .. " ,.; z ..; .; ·"' .... ~ " < > ..; 8 ,,; ~ ~ ., ii .; " <:i <:i :ii .; ... ii ii ii :to :l' E .. ii " <:i ..; ..; ,.; "' "' "' "' " " "' "' "' "' THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for-JANUARY, 193 3 61 GENERAL PATROL DIVISION General Patrol Duties The activities of gangsters and all other members of the underworld have of late been noted to be on the increase, so that in order to cope with the situation, it has been found necessary to create a special division whose duties mainly would be to patrol the entire city, especially at night. to prevent robberies. hold-ups and marauding parties. Thus, the General Patrol Division was organized under the supervision of a Clptain. The members composing this division are taken mostly from the two police stations. At present, it has a force of 126 men including the Captain in command. TRAFFIC DIVISION Traffic Duties With the rapid growth of the population of the City of Manila, the tremendous increase of transportation facilities, as well as the new construction of streets. the traffic situation of the City of Manila has become a problem that demands special attention from the police. For this purpose, the Traffic Division has been organized under the command of an officer known as the Chief of the Traffic Divisioa. This division has a force of 177 men including the Commanding Officer. These men are distributed on all important traffic posts of the City, more particularly in the business section of the City, and at points where traffic dangers are greatest. To curb the practice of speed fiends, a motorcycle traffic squad was organized. The men detailed to this duty go after the speeders who are a constant danger to the lives of the traveling public. THE SECRET SERVICE DIVISION Crime Detection and Investigation The duty to detect and investigate crimes in the City of Manila falls to the lot of the Secret Service Division. The Secret Service is under the charge of the Chief of the Secret Service, and has at present a force of 148 men, including patrolmen detailed thereto. For administrative convenience, different squads have been organized, such as: the investigation squad, homicide squad, crook squad. vice squad, warrant squad, and missing persons squad. For the purpose of keeping a convenient record of criminals, it maintains a separate section known as the identification and bertillou section which is under the immediate charge of a handwriting expert. T he investigation squad takes charge of general investigation of the secret s~rvice, while the homicide squad confines its activities particularly to the solution of mysterious crimes against persons. This squad. is composed of men who, by experience and ability, are best qualified to handle crimes against persons. For the purpose of scouring the whole city for crooks. a squad known as crook squad has .. been organized. This squad looks after those who fleece new-comers to the city, of their money, as well as sneak chives and their movements. There is at present in the secret service a vice squad which is the result of the consolidation of all the vice squads of th.e different precincts and divisions. J t was thought proper to consolidate all vice squads under the responsibility of the Chief of the Secret Service in order to better coordinate their work in the enforcement of the anti-vice laws in the City of Manila. The . warrant squad serves all criminal processes of the court within the territorial .i,urisdiction of the City. Recently a new squad known as the alarm squad has been created in the secret service to take charge of the investigation of all lost and stolen properties reported to the police. This squad is the result of the consolidation of the different alarm sections in the several police stations and divisions. It was thought proper to concentrate the work of investigating cases of lost and stolen properties under the responsibility of a competent officer in order to avoid unnecessary waste of time and to provide uniformity in the procedure of the investigation of these cases. This squad is composed of men selected on account of their long years of experience in handling police alarms. POLICE PROBLEMS Adequate Appropriation The Police Department has long felt the need of more appropriation in order to better equip itself in every line of its activities. Under the limited appropriation it now has it could only maintain two police stations which. on account of the extensive territory which should be covered, are hardly adequate to furnish police protection co the whole City of Manila. The reorganization, therefore, of the police force in order to provide for more men appears to be a necessit}'. The creation of more police stations in addition to the ·two we already have. is absolutely indispensable to provide adequate police service to the residents of the City. It appears to be humanly impossible for a single captain of police to effectively supervise the policing of a district as large as that north of the Pasig River, with approximately 220.000 inhabitants, and to supervise, instruct, and control approximately 350 men. The commanding officer of the precinct is required to know his district thoroughly, and he should be held strictly accountable for the instruction. control, discipline. and the manner in which they perform their duty, as well as their appearance on the streets. If the officer's work is to be well done, the work given to him to do must not be beyond his powers. In other words, the precinct he commands should not be so large as to make it impossible for him to know it thoroughly. Hence, the necessity for the creation of more police stations. With the present limited appropriation for the Department, it is not possible to give attractive salaries to men of high training who may want to enter the service. The work of a policeman is arduous, as he is required to stay on his beat eight hours a day irrespective of the inclemencies of the weather, and to render eight hours' service in the station as a reserve, ready to answer call of emergency, and for othrr activities. In addition to this, a policeman, even though at home, is considered to be on duty, as at any moment he is liable to be called and he can not excuse himself by saying that he is enjoying his rest. The same thing can also be said of a detective who is receiving a salary as low as 1'70.00 a month, but who is required oftentimes to render twenty-four hours' service a day. Owing to the risky nature of the work of detectives. it is believed that the Department should be given sufficient appropriation to enable it to keep its members of long ancl efficient service, and to attract men of high attainments. It should be evident to any person that a detective is. or should be. far superior in point of professional knowledge and ability, to a policeman who patrols his beat. As a matter of fact, in other large police departments of the world a detective is regarded in point of knowledge of police work as equal or superior to a sergeant of police and, of course, he receives pay accordingly. It may also be said that in other police departments a policeman is not promoted to be a detective until after years of service and, generally then, only after distinguishing himself in some manner or by showing that he possesses qualities and special ability chat fit him for exceptional police work. POLICE PENSION SYSTEM There are in the service in this department, quite a number of men who, on account of age and disease, have become incapacitated for performing their full duties as police officers. These men have given from 20 to more than 30 years, the best part of their lives, to the City, but are now 62 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 19 3 3 unable to procure a livelihood in any other vocation. At present, a number of these men are occupying special posts where they are not compelled to perform all the arduous duties of a regular p()liceman. While these men are not performing. by reason of their infirmities, efficient service to the government it would. however. appear inhuman to separate them from the service, throwing them upon their own resources. after they have spent the best years of their lives in the service of the Department. But soon the Department will not be able to provide easy positions for all aged and infirm men. Hence, the Police Department is confronted with a serious problem of its own which can not be easily solved without the passage of an adequate pension law to take care of the aged and sick members of its force. g ·u r:: .9; E 3 ~ ~~~~~~ ~ ~Cl~>::Eoo g .j~~~<~ ... THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. I 9 3 3 63 COOPERATION OF THE PUBLIC With all the men chat the Department wants. and the appropriation chat it asks for. it will still fall short of its mission if it cannot enlist the cooperation of the general public. The cooperation of the public is essential to the success of every police department. It is, indeed, a sad commentary to state chat on various occasions. the work of chis department has been greatly hampered due to the cold at1 icude of some citizens who are in a position to assist the police. For instance. quite frequently. citizens who have personally witnessed street accidents refuse to volunteer to tell the police how the accident occurred or to offer themselves as witnesses. The police can not always be expected co be present upon the scenes of accidents. so that unless some civic-spirited citizens come to their assistance. the investigation of the matter is likely to meet with great difficulties and may. of course. end in complete failure. This also happens when serious crimes are committed. The witnesses, or chose who may be able to help shed light on the mystery. remain passive and even refuse to come forward to aid the police in their investigation. It is for chis very reason chat the police are compelled co resort to the services of spies. In fact, if the public would do their bit to help the police by keeping chem informed of macters coming within their knowledge. there would be neither need nor justification for resorting co the use of spies. It is hoped, however, chat when the public shall have fully realized the position of the police they will no longer hesitate to lend their wholehearted cooperation in the interest of all concerned. POLICE CAREER REQUIRES HONESTY, PATIENCE AND INDUSTRY The career of the police is one chat demands sheer honesty, patience, and industry. The path upon which the police tread in their daily work is not strewn with roses, but is rough and rugged, and borders at times upon deep pools of temptation. Only strict honesty, patience, and industry will keep a police officer straight in his course of action. Police are oftentimes hated and shunned. scorned and reviled, and pictured in the most unfavorable light. This fact, however, should not discourage but should keep them ever alive to their mission. The b~sc reward comes. not from the ringing plaudits of the world, but from that feeling of true satisfaction because of having done a duty conscientiously and well. Police Duties and The Law By FRANCISCO GERONIMO In the City of Manila, as in all other cities, the duty of enforcing the laws and ordinances within its territorial jurisdiction, falls to the lot of the police department. Thru the instrumentality of chis municipal agency, the City of Manila enforces its police power. Thus by express provision of law. the Manila Police are empowered to make summary arrests and bring the offenders before the courts, and to exercise such powers and perform such duties as may be prescribed by law or ordinance. It is not enough chat a police officer should have a good physique to enable him to perform the arduous duties of his position and to overcome resistance on the part of those whom he wanes to place under arrest. It is doubly important that he should know when and under what circumstances he should effect arrests. He should be cognizant of the seriousness of his duties and the responsibilities of his acts, especially when the rights of the citizens are involved. He should know whether or not in a particular case it is necessary for him to secure a warrant before he can lawfully detain a citizen. The office of a police officer is created primarily to protect the rights of the people and not to molest them in the lawful exercise of their rights. Hence, police officers should possess a thorough knowledge of the law of arrest in order to avoid committing acts of arbitrary detention in the performance of their duties as agents of the law. Every citizen has a perfect right to be secure not only from unlawful restraint of liberty. but also from unlawful search and he can not be deprived of such right without due process of law. But this right, of course, is not without exception. Under certain circumstances, police officers may invade the private homes of the citizens without, and even against, their consent. Just what circumstances will be sufficient in law to justify the police in searching the domicile oi a citizen .. is a matter that every police officer should know. To secure the people from unlawful search. the law has outlined the steps that should be taken and the requisites that should be fulfilled; and. unless these requirements have been complied with, no polke officer can enter the private dwelling of a citizen without his consent. It is, therefore, very important that the police should be thoroughly conver~ant with the law governing search and seizure in order to prevent any unlawful interference with the sacred right of the citizens to be secure from unbwful search and seizure. Police officers should also possess a fair know ledge of the principles of criminal law and evidence, and must be able to classify the different crimes according to their elements. When an offense has been committed. the police are notified and the investigation commences. The police investigators will then determine what offense or crime has been committed-whether robbery, theft. murder, etc. Having determined the nature of the crime they proceed with the investigation of the circumstances surrounding the commission thereof. Thus. the investigation of crimes belongs to the. police; the prosecution of the guilty parties to t.he judiciary department with the fiscals as the prosecuting officers and the police as the State's principal witnesses. But unless the police investigators are familiar with the elements of the different crimes, they will be seriously handicapped in their investigations. And, in order to facilitate their investigations and avoid unnecessary waste of time, they should also be familiar with certain fundamental rules of evidence $0 that they may be able to tell for themselves in the course of their investigation what evidence they should go after. whether or not the evidence they have so far obtained is of any worth in court, and whether or not the same is sufficient to establish the commission of the crime. Great indeed is the responsibility of an investigator. Of course, the legal phase of the matter is for the fiscal and the court to pass upon ; but inasmuch as the police are in charge of the investigation, it follows that the success or failure of a case will, to a certain extent, depend upon how well or how ba.dly it has been investigated by the police. The enforcement of traffic laws and ordinances likewise renders it indispensable that officers detailed to that particular branch of the service be thoroughly conversant with all laws and ordinances governing traffic. In fact. there is hardly an instance where the police in the discharge of their duties to the public need not be guided by the provision of a certain law or ordinance; and it is indeed difficult to imagine how a police officer can enforce the provision of a certain law or ordinance which by reason of his position he is bound to enforce, when he does not have a clear understanding of the nature and scope of the same. 64 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 193 3 LAW DEPARTMENT ALl'ONSO FELIX City Fiscal A Manilan born and bred, City Fiscal Alfonso Felix first saw the light of day on September 17. 1888, in Binondo. His father was Don Damaso Felix, a lawyer by profession, who died when the subject of this sketch was only two and a half years of age. Fiscal Felix obtained the degree of "Bacbiller en Ciencias y Artts" from the Attneo de Manila. After completing an English course in stenography in the Philippine School of Commerce, Alfonso, at the age of eighteen, became an employee of the Execurive Burno. But after acquiring a knowledge of Spanish stenography thru spare-time study, he was soon engaged as Spanish-English stenographer for the Philippine A ... mbly, at a salary of P250. This post he held until 1910 when be left it for one in the office of the city fiscal the salary of which was only P233. His pecuniary loss however was. compensated for by the opportunity accorded him of studying law in the fiscal's office. Mr. Felix held the position of chief clerk in this office from 1913 until 1919 when he became assistant city fiscal. His rise was rapid and in February. 1929, be became acting fiscal upon the resignation of City Fiscal Guevara. On October 16, 1929, the Legislature confirmed bis appointment as City Fiscal. Mr. Felix married Miss Andrea Lizarraga on December 8, 192 !: They have a family of four interesting children. Fiscal Felix is a member of the Filipino Club, the Philippine Columbian Association, and the Knights of Columbus. He. resides at 1269-D Aldecoa, Malatt. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 65 THE LAW DEPARTMENT Organization and Activities By CECILIO APOSTOL The Law Department of the City of Manila consists. in an administrative sense. of the Office of the City Fiscal. the Municipal Court, and the Office of the Sheriff. but, according to the City Charter, the Office of the City Fiscal is itself the Law Department. The Office of the City Fiscal is charged mainly with the prosecution of offenses. Due to the abolition of the office of City Attorney. the duties of this officer are now devolved upon the City Fiscal. who is. accordingiy. the chief legal adviser of the City, represents it in civil cases. prepares ordinances, opinions, contracts, and other documents involving any interest of the City. T he City Fiscal and his seven assistants discharge their duties, which, in respect to criminal prosecutions. embrace those enjoined by law upon provincial fiscals. Investigations of charges of crimes, misdemeanors and violations of city ordinances arc conducted by the City The first ten offenses for which the greatest number of informations were filed in the Municipal Court by said branch office are: Abandonmcnl of public vehicles in the streets 64 8 c.1.o;:cs Auto Law and Ordinance 2.032 Gambling 1.008 Illegal construction of houses 980 Illegal parking of whiclcs 981 Theft 812 Traffic rules and regulations 4. 748 V.aguncy :md prostirnrion . . . . . . . 1.240 Viol.Hien of municipal ordinance on crudq• to animals 2.904 Violation of sanitary reg ulations . . . . . 698 A total of 30,321 complaints were presented in 1931 in the central branch offices, as against 23.453 in 1930, of which 5,881 were dropped after investigation. At the top of the several offenses for which informations were filed in 1931 is th3t of physical injuries, with 607 cases, as against 3 79 OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE CITY FISCAL'S OFFICE F irst TOI(! (l<!ft to ri11hl) : F . l.onr.a1t-::i Fiscal. his assistants and deputy fiscals. Causes of sudden deaths are also investigated by them with the aid of the Department of Legal Medicine of the College of Medicine and Surgery of the University of the Philippines, by which autopsies and medico-legal examinations are performed. The Office of the City Fiscal is made up of the City Fiscal. seven assistant fiscals, nine special deputy fiscals, nine clerk-stenographers, and nine other subordinate employees. The office has a branch in the Municipal Court, to which are daily detailed one assistant fiscal and four special deputy fiscals to investigate the numerous complaints presented there every day and take charge of the prosecution of cases filed in said court. By an arrangement with the Police Department, two detectives and three patrolmen are assigned to this office for the more effective apprehension of persons accused of crimes. The total number of criminal cases filed by the office in the. Court of First Instance of Manila ·and the Municipal Court in 1931 were 24,440 as against 19.282 in the previous year. Of said cases 19,839 were handled by the branch office. F. N GaC":1;1l·s Asst. F iscal I.. M. Tailadn Asst. Fiscal D. Amador Asst, Fiscal J . Ma. Paredes City Fiscal Alfonso Felix Asst . Fisca l S. Rodas Asst. Fiscal C. Apostol Asst. Fisl"al F. D. Albert Asst. Fiscal G. S. Nan:;1sit D. T. Yntco C. de la Rosa N. C. Iforrn:1 Su:o11tl ,..,,i; F. Abu.J Sp. Dep. F iscal P. C. Mendiola Sp. Dep. Fiscal G. Dacumos A. Santos Atty. E. Ba rot Sp_ Dep. Fist-a l E. A . Abasolu S. P. Dermudez Sp. Dep. F iscal D. A. Viola Sp. Dep. Fiscal G. Victoriano Sp. Dep. Fiscal C. S. Ruperto Sp. Dep. Fiscal J. Villamar Sp. Dep. Fiscal A. P. Montesa I. C. Monsod A. Yatco Third ?'&W : P. F. Ti~no J . de Asis R. A. J ose I. C. Ferrer A . Nafiawa Sp. Dep. Fiscal A. R. Ombac J. C. de V ega P. Tabora M. Aguayo in 1930. Other offenses for which the greatest number of cases were filed in court are: Damage to property thru reckless imprudence Disobedience Esta fa Illegal possession of deadly weapons Insul<s M isdemunors against persons P hysical injuries thr~ reckless imprudence Damage to property thru reckless impruden'c Disobedience Estala Illegal possession of deadly weapons . Insults Misdemeanors against persons Physical injuries thru reckless Theft Threats Unjust vexation Violacion o f ordin~nces 365 110 553 15 ! 102 209 102 365 110 553 151 102 209 102 108 IH I 17 31 2 66 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 These figures show general increase over those for the preceding year. As for other important offenses, t~e following comparative statistical data may prO\'e interesting: Abduction Abuse of chastity Adultery Automobile Law Bigamy Breach of the peace Bribery Calumny Cr·iml'S Concubinage Corruption of minors Counterfeiting Falsification Food and Drug Act Forgery Homicide Homicide thru reckless imprudence Illegal possession of firearms Indecent acts Internal Revenue Law Libel Malicious mischief Murder Opium Law Parricide Perjury Rape Robbery Sedition Seduction Trespass lo dwellings Casrs fifed 1930 91Jl 31 1 l 23 JO 15 I 9 4 49 0 2 22 15 5 10 19 1 13 7 6 3 5 14 33 59 57 67 2 0 12 16 19 8 14 33 7 13 34 29 13 9 20 22 10 7 73 80 1 3 10 6 33 14 103 60 1 5 24 14 32 9 No case. as in former years, was filed in 1931 for arbitrary or illegal detention, nor for violation of the Blue Sky Law. Copyright Law. Marriage Law. Usury Law, Workingmen's Compensation Act. Public Service Law, Pharmacy Law, and Immigration Act. nor for infidelity in the custody of prisoners .rnd documents. nor for illegal exaction, nor for abortion, nor for concealing true name. The tot.11 amount involved in the cases of estafa: robbery and theft prosecuted by the office in 1931 was P4.009.569.83, distributed as follows: estafa cases P3.830,289.94, as against PI.004,770.00 iit 1930: robbery cases, 1'20,448.61 as against !!'20,751.08 in 1930; theft cases, Pl 58,831.28 as against P81.225.16 in 1930. Of 8 civil cases disposed of by the Supreme Court in 19 31. in which the City was interested, 6 were won and 2 lost. During the same year the office appeared in 10 cadastral cases, in which 21 lots of an aggregate area of 2.768. 7.0 sq. meters and a total assessed value of Pl 2,972. 92 were adjudged to the City. In 193 I. the office further filed appearances in 2.357 cases; made 267 coroner"s inquests; prepared 4 bills, 151 deeds and contracts, 154 memoranda; 31 motions in civil cases; 1.238 motions in criminal cases; 39 motions for confiscation of bonds: 94 opinions, and 2 drafts of ordinance. Two hundred sixty-seven cases of sudden deaths were reported to the City Fiscal in 1931 as against 228 in 1930, and 263 autopsies. 99 medico-legal examinations, and 15 special laboratory examinations were made by the Department of Legal Medicine of the University of the Philippines, which also rendered 14 opinions, at the request of the City Fiscal. The Municipal Court By EUTIQUIO RAQUID This article has been written explicitly to depict the history of the city Municipal Court from its ~rst organizatio.n away back in J 901. up to the present; to bring to the pubhc the varied activities and the general services rendered by it to the community and at the same time to guide those who might knowingly or unknowingly be violators of the law so that they may not br \'ictimized by the loiterers around the court. Arsenio Locsin Judge, Municipal Court To begin with, the Municipal Court was first organized under the American Sovereignty on August 7, 1901, by proclamation of the Civil Governor on August 5th of·the same year. The City of Manila was then divided into two district Municipal Courts, namely: The District South of the Pasig, which was presided over by Judge James A. Liddell of Mississippi. and the District North, presided over by .Judge T. L. McGirr of Illinois, United States of America. The Courts have exclusive jurisdiction over all criminal cases arising under the ordinances of the city and over all criminal cases arising under the penal laws of the Philippine Islands, where the offense was committed within the police jurisdiction of the city and their respective districts. The Justice of the Peace Court. however, remained a distinct entity. until after the enactment of the Reorganization Act 3107. The district courts existed until the year 1903, and in 1904, they were fused into one known as the Municipal Court, and it continued to function under Judge James A. Liddell. popularly known as "Judge Solomon." Judge Liddell held .this position until 1907, whtn Mr. Charles A. Low of Maine, was appointed to the position left vacant. After Judge Low, came Judge Charter D. Johnston, who later was succeeded by Judge Manuel Camus. Next to him came the now Mr. Justice Carlos A. Imperial of the Philippine Supreme Court. After him came Judge Carlos A. Sobral and upon his resignation Judge Luis P. Torres. Next to Judge Torres was Judge Arsenio Locsin who held the position · as acting judge from November, 1920, until the appointment of Judge Leonardo L. Garduno. CREATION OF THE MUNICIPAL COURT However, by virtue of the judicial Reorganization Act No. 3107, the Justice of the Peace Court and the MunicTHE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 67 ipal Court were abolished to give place to the Municipal Court of Manila, which was accomplished with the appointment on March 20th, 1923, of Mr. Arscnio Locsin, exJustice of the Peace of Manila, as Judge of the Second Branch, Municipal Court. While Mr. Garduno had newr ceased to act as such, his appointment as Judge of the First Branch cf the Municipal Court was also made at this time. By administrative Order N_o. 29, issued by the Secretary of Justice on March 26. 1923, the Court, which then consisted of only two branches, known as the First and Second, began its work with Judge Arsenio Locsin assigned to try all civil cases and cases for theft and estafa, and Judge Leonardo L. Garduno to try all other cases. Judge Garduno was succeeded by Judge Jose Bernabe, who took the oath of office on January 6, 1926. In addition to the two branches, the Third Branch as provided for by Act No. 3 1 07. began to function on December 21. 1925 , in accordance with administrative Order No. I 28, issued by the Department of Justice on December 18. I 925. With Mr. Arsenic Roldan as presiding Judge. this Branch-which by express proviso of said admjnistrative order is made a juvenile and social relations court-started to hold its sessions in the afternoons for want of room. By virtue of circular. No. 19, by the Department of Justice. the court work has been divided among the three judges since February I. 1930. as follows: Some of the practices, regulations and orders that are being observed in the transaction of everyday business in the three branches of this Court will now be enumerated. FIRST BRANCH The First Branch of the Municipal Court, City of Manila, pursuant to the corresponding Department Order, takes cognizance of all civil cases and of all criminal cases for cstafa. theft and damage to property without physical injuries. Jose Bernabe Judge, Municipal Court _J PROCEDURE IN CIVIL CASES With regard to civil cases, the procedure in practice is as follows: The complaint, upon being received, is entered in the docket, assigning to it .the corresponding number. The summons is issued forthwith, citing the defendant .::ir defendants to appear before the court on the date and hour given in said summons. The summons. as a general rule. is sent directly by the court to the provincial sheriff of the province where the defendants reside, unless the plaintiff :>r his lawyer desires to send the summons. If. in the com plaint, in addition to the prayer, an auxiliary remedy such as the issuance of a writ of attachment or seizure of th.: chattels is prayed, and the court grant.s the petition. the writ of attachment or the writ of seizure of the chattels. as Arsenic Roldan .ft1dar. Muninfwl Cot1rt the case may be, is likewise sent to the corresponding sheriff or is given to the party who has applied for it if he so desires. This writ, either the writ of attachment or seizure of chattels, is issued only after the applicant has sufficient! y shown by means of an affidavit that he is entitled to such remedy and upon filing the bond which the court fixes. On the date of trial and taking into account the great number of civil cases set daily in the court calendar and with a view to serving the public so that they may not be kept waiting. the court revie_ws its calendar and eliminates first the cases whose defendants are in default and after these are disposed of it commences to call and hear the litigated cases. After the decision is rendered, and if the parties are residents of the City of Manila, copies of said decision are delivered to the sheriff of Mani.l;i to be served to the parties, but if said parties or any of them reside outside the City of Manila, the copies of the decision are sent to them by registered mail. After the sentence or judgment has become final, that is, where neither party has appealed from the judgment, on motion of the winning party, the corresponding writ of execution is issued, and the same is sent to the Provincial Sheriff of the province where the judgment defendant resides. for service unless the judgment plaintiff or his lawyer desires to send it to the sheriff of his own accord. After the issuance of the writ of execution, there are many occasions on which incidental motions are filed. For instance, such tS exemption from attachment or garnishment of the salary of the judgment defendant for personal services rendered at any time during the month preceding the writ of execution or exemption from attachment of property constituting the household furniture of the defendant's family. Petitions are also filed with this court quite frequently for the examination of judgment debtors where the writ of executions were returned unsatisfied. In these cases, the judgment de68 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 fendants are examined under oath about their properties. In these cases, the court hears the evidence of the parties in support of their respective contentions before rendering the decision. BONDS IN CRIMINAL CASES Where the party plaintiff fails to be present at the trial of his case on the date set or where defendants are not served with the summons or if served, not notified of the hearing and the case is left out of the court calendar, after a reasonable time the court notifies the plaintiff or his lawyer to show cause within 5 days why the case or complaint should not be dismissed for abandonment. and, if within the time given, the party plaintiff does not take steps to have his case set in the court calendar and have the defendant summonsed, the court dismisses the case for lack of interest and for abandonment on the part of the party plaintiff. Where one of the parties appeals from the judgment of the court, the Deputy Clerk of Court in charge of first branch remits the records of the case to the Court of First Instance of. Manila with all the original pleadings and documentary evidences presented by both parties. Likewise, the records of the proceedings arc remitted to the Court of First Instance ~here this court has declared itself without jurisdiction in e1ectment cases and where the pleadings raise the question of title and ownership over the real property involved. With regard to criminal cases. above stated, once the information . is filed by the office of the City Fiscal, the corresponding warrant of arrest against the accused is immediately issued. In the warrant of arrest the amount of bail ~ond which the accused must give for his temporary release ·~ fixed. H the accused desires to give a cash bond, he may either depom. It w1th the Police Station where he may be taken after Im arrest or deposit it with the Clerk of Court Pedro Carlipio Clerk of Court, Municipal Court in case he may be taken c!irectly to the court. In either case, he will be immediately . released with the notice to him, however, to appear in court the next day for arraignment Personal bail bond in the amount fixed in the warrant of arrest, as a general rule, is filed with the court directly. After arraignment, if the accused pleads "guilty" to the charge the corresponding :penalty is imposed. But if he pleads "not guilty". the date of trial is fixed and subpoenas are issued'to the witnesses for the prosecution as well as the witnesses for the accused if he so desires for his defense. The first branch of this court. in addition to the above activities. performs marriages and authenticates merchant books presented by the local merchants as required by law. SECOND BRANCH When a person is accused for violation of the law, the procedure followed is that after the filing of the complaint in this court, a warrant of arrest is immediately issued against the accused for his apprehension. Once the accused is arrested, the complaint is read -to him for his informotion. If the accused pleads "guilty" the corresponding penalty is immediately imposed and the case is finished. If the accused pleads "not guilty" he is asked whether he d.esires to have immediate trial of his case or not. and whether he has a lawyer or desires to have one. In case the accused is not ready for the trial of his case, a day is set in the calendar of this court for the hearing of the case. after the accused has filed bond for his provisional liberty. If the accused is charged with the violation of a municipal ordinance, the procedure followed is that no warrant is issued immediately for his arrest, but instead a summons is sent to him for his appearance in this court in accordance with the provisions of the Administrative Code. If after the issuance of the summons, the same has already been served to the accused and he does not appear in this court, then a warrant of arrest is issued against him. Once the accused is arrested, the complaint is read to him for his information and the same procedure as above mentioned is followed. When the charge is for felony the accused should" appear personally before the court, especially on the reading of the complaint or charge against him, and also on the reading of the sentence or decision thereon. But when the crime committed is only misdemeanor, the accused's appear!lnce may be made through his lawyer. The bail bond filed for the provisional liberty of the accused during the pendency of the trial of his case in this court, and also for his provisional liberty during the course of his appeal to the Court of First Instance, may be cash or personal-it all depends upon the choice of the accused. Appeals from the decisions in all criminal cases are effected and should be presented before six p. m. of the day after the rendition and ent'ry of the judgment of the Municipal Court by filing with the Clerk of the Court a written statement that the accused appeals from the sentence of this court to the Court of First Instance. The filing of such statement shall perfect the appeal, according to article 24 73 of the Administrative Code. A perfected appeal shall operate to vacate the judgment of the Municipal Court. THIRD BRANCH All arraignments are made in open court. Pleas of "not guilty" by attorneys are admitted, although these happen on rare occasions only. Pleas of "guilty" have always been made by the. accused personally in open court. Oftentimes the judge himself informs the accused of the complaint to verify the certainty of his plea of "guilty" . Bail bonds may be furnished by the accused by delegation. Thac is, the presence of the accused on filing his bond is not required. As soon as the bail is approved, a day is set fo1 the arraignment of the accused. If on the date of THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 69 arraignment the accused pleads "guilty". the corresponding penalty is imposed immediately. If he pleads "not guilty" a date is set for the trial of the case and the accused is made to understand that he bas the right to have his witnesses summonsed by the court. CASES OF MINORS After the arrest of the minor and after the corresponding complaint is filed. the minor is asked first whether he desires to enter trial and to subpoena witnesses. In case he desires to subpoena witnesses the case is set for trial usually the following day if he cannot furnish bond for his temporary release. The trial of minors is held in the Judge's private chamber. After the trial .rnd if the minor is found guilty. sentence is not passed. but is suspended in accordance with Article 80 of the Revised Penal Code. The Court then orders an investigation of the minor. paying particular attention to the economic conditions of his fa mily. the environ - ment of his home. and his physical and mental capacities. discharged from further supervision and his case is dismissed. If the minor cannot be made to follow the terms of probation, he is confined in an institution. All minors arc admitted to bail for their temporary release under the same condition as the adults. excepting in cases of disobedience to parents. when no bail bond is fixed. This is done for the protection of the minor itself against unscrupulous people who on the pretext of helping a minor to obtain provisional liberty .ue in reality bent on exploiting the minors. specially girls. Exception is being made. however. when the parents of these disobedient children are the ones who offer the bail. In this case the bond may be admitted. BONDS REQUIRED FOR PROVISIONAL LIBERTY The new schedule now in effect specifics the amount of bonds demanded for temporary release of the accused in offenses of various kinds. Thest range from P30 in cases EMPLOYEES OF THE MUNICIPAi. COURT First row {l,eft to riuh) : F. Falconi M. A. Tan P. Carlipio (Clerk of Courl) J. de Guia M. Baltazar E. Estrera M. Praxede9 H. Dorja A. Yonzon J •. Ocamr>o !':. Alday JI. Agulto E. kamirez O. Quijano P. Santos P . Marquez F. Garlitos Sgt. A. Herna ndo If after the report of the investigation the court finds that there is no chance for the minor to improve in community life, he is at once placed in an institution for the correction of his wayward tendencies. However, if the court finds t.hat the minor can be relied upon, he is placed on P.rpbat1on under the supervision of the court and a probation officer. Fr!=Jm then on, the case is reviewed periodically, us~ally once a mon~h. to learn of the improvement of the child. The probation officer makes periodic visits in the minor's home to help him in his difficulties. After a minor has been found to have behaved properly and followed the condition of probation after a certain period of time, he is Third row: O. Rulatao I. fl. Ap1dit J. Vi<:('RC"ir• R. Raquid M. M onta G. Cap:uiat F. Atayde F . Perez f'o-urfh rb11•: H. Ga7.r.iii1.rnn C. Nicver11. A. 1Jelonia Other employe-es not a1>pearing in the picture: S. Bayani E. Eliseo J . Cusi E. Requid of misdemeanor (maltrato de obra) . to PI 00 for slight physical injuries, PZOO for vagrants without record, 1'400 for prostitutes without records, P600 for serious physical injuries (requiring 30 to 90 days' medical treatment). up to PBOO in the case of persons accused of being pimps or maintaining houses of prostitution. In case bail is confiscated. another bail in double the amount of the confiscated bail may be furnished by the accused for temporary release. In no case, howevet, shall the amount exceed P800. 70 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 VALUABLE HINTS FOR THOSE ACCUSED For the information of the public the following facts are here set forth: I. One who is interested in any particular case may obtain information concerning it, from Mr. Pedro Carlipio, the Clerk of Court. or from the Deputy Clerk of any branch. or directly from the Judges themselves. 2. All cash bail bonds given in favor of the accused are always considered money belonging to him, and any pecuniary penalty is taken therefrom. 3. All accused who have stayed a night or more in jail are given credit for the time served according to law. and they need not be accompanied by other person so as to secure reduction in penalties. 4. Some of the accused spontaneously plead "guilty" in the belief that if they do otherwise a greater fine or penalty will be imposed. This assertion is absolutely false and malicious and is one way of exploiting the ignorant-poor who have fallen into the hands of the law. The truth is, on many occasions a much lower fine or penalty is imposed on those who plead "not guilty". upon their conviction, than on those who plead "guilty". as the decision of the judge depends entirely upon the merits of the case. 5. The accused are always made to understand that they have the right to a speedy, just and fair trial. In case the accused, for one reason or another, is unable to furnish bail for his temporary liberty. the trial of his case is set for hearing immediately following his arraignment, unless upon petition of the accused himself the trial is postponed for hearing the next day. 6. Let it be understood that there is not on record any summary trial held in any of the branches of this court. All cases are tried in accordance with the provisions of the law with the presence of the accused who is confronted in open court by the prosecuting witnesses even if he is not assisted by an attorney or other legal counsel; and he is made to understand that he has the right to cross-examine the witnesses and present all available evidence necessary for his defense. If the accused informs the court that he has his witnesses, the court orders the immediate appearance of said witnesses for the reception of further evidence in favor of the accused before judgment is rendered. In short, the accused is given all opportunities to defend himself. The Sheriff's Office Reorganized more than three decades ago under the Office of the City Fiscal, the Sheriff's Office has been the true and loyal public servant. It is composed of the sheriff himself. his eighteen deputies, nine prisoners' guards, eight bailiffs. four clerks and thirteen other subordinate employes. A small staff, but an efficient one. It has since handled millions of people's money known as cruse funds subject to refund, realized thru garnishments and auction sales. It has helped inflate the city coffers with its steadily increasing . revenues in fees obtained from such collections. And yet, during the last thirty years, there has not been even the least shadow of suspicion on the proven integrity of any of its personnel! Here indeed is an office the staff of which any chief can well be proud of. Diminutive in size, yet uncomplaining. the sheriff's force copes with the size of job that a personnel twice its size of the common type would find hard, if not impossible, to do. This is better appreciated when one considers the fact that its activities have increased more than 50 % during the lase few years, as figures hereunder given will show. It should be stated in passing chat originally there were four courts of First Instance in Manila--one for each of the four districts of Binondo, Quiapo, Intramuros and Tondo. Hoewever, in the government reorganization at the beginning of the American Regime, these four courts were merged into one only, with three branches. These three branches have now become eight, and yet the personnel of the sheriff's office serving such a big court system has not been proportionately augmented. How such a small staff can possibly do the work it does is explained by the fact that, more often than not. the men work over time, sometimes well into the night. The following comparative figures will give an idra of the work done by the Sheriffs Office: Collections in 1930 Collections in I 9 3 I Fees Trust Fund Total P 23,847.37 Fees 156,322.59 Trust Fund Pl 80, 169.96 Total p 31.335.76 154.813.87 Pl 86, 149.63 This shows that the total collections m 1931 exceeded those of 1930 by PS,979.67. As will be seen in the above figures, collections for 19 3 0 in fees alone are exceeded by those in 1931 by P7,488.39. Yet, while this is significant, it is more interesting to note that fees collected during the first half of 1932 amounted to Pl7,966.00; on which basis, the total collections for the year should aggregate some P35,000.00, compared to only 1'23,847.37 in 1930 and P31.335.76 in 1931. Attachments Citations Certificates of Sale Execu~ions Garnishments Indemnity Bonds Injunctions Correspondence Notifications Orders of Oustor Orders of ArreSt Activiries in 19 31 Civil 599 2.367 720 1.604 988 57 49 2.479 57.996 437 56 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 71 Orders of Sale Orders to take possession Orders to show cause Officers' Deeds Filing Notices Posting Notices. R of I.. Sales Advertised Sales Made Summonses Vouchers prepared Writs of Habeas Corpus Writs of Rcplevin Foreclosures. C. M. Total Citations Notific;ations Orders of Arrest Prisoners Committed Prisoners Incarcerated Prisoners Released . Prisoners Bailed Executions Total Total of civil processes Total of criminal processes Grand Total Criminal 36 3 17 I) 114 :;s 1.742 775 5.60-1 378 -II 2i7 939 77.329 19.996 7,095 1.280 915 742 136 261 1.289 31.714 77.329 31.714 l 09,04 3 It should he noted that the sheriff of Manila serves and executes not only all processes issuing from the Court of First Instance, the Municipal Court and the Supreme Court, but also those issuing from any court in the country-and many other countries. for that matter. He is also the custodian of the courthouses of the Court of First Instance and rhe Supreme Court. and all the public properties therein. More than that, he "shall enforce proper decorum in the court room, and preserve good order in its precints. and shall arrest any person there disturbing the court or violating the peace ... What makes it possible for such a small staff to cope with such a big job? It is teamwork. that essential without which no office, public or private, could succeed. This teamwork is achieved by strict impartiality on the part of the chiefs: by giving unto Caesar what belongs to Caesar, whether merit or dement. Impartially strict but strictly impartial with their subordinates, the chiefs inspire respect and cooperation among their men. The Sheriff's Office is no place for the incompetent, the shiftless. Utmost pains are taken in the choice of its men, thus insuring efficiency and obviating the necessity of emer· gency appointments in cases of absence. "Compaiierismo" is unknown. and the scratch-my-back-and-I'll-scratch-yours spoils seeker is invariably disappointed. This grand total of l 09 ,04 3 processes in 19 31 exceeds that of 1930 by 2,060, and according to available figures, it will be exceeded by that of 1932 by about 5,000. These facts and that of the proven honesty of the Sheriff's Office personnel makes the record of the Sheriff's Office the clean and enviable one that it is. Firat row (left to rigl1t): G. Garcia M. c. Gonules I. Aquino J . Ca.eimiro (Sheriff) J. Garcia A. de la Cruz P. Enriquez THE SHERIFFS OFFICE M. Santos A. Taranu E. E. Montano C. Alvarez I. Tionrico S . S. Serdenia J . L. de L eon I. Hcrmo&'enes M.. F. Buencamino P. Aro Seco11d: D. Carpio C. Pingol D. Cuzman M. P . Ramos E. S. Morales B. Evangelista B. Magaombol A. Simbulan H. M1u-tinez Third row : J. Sarlabu!I M. Jaime R. Fabula S. Jardiniano G. Mntoaa A. Jurado P. Dimaculaiigan S. Colon G. Salomon P. Escalonn G. Pantoja J . Tapia A. de la Cruz J. Fuentea 72 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOLS HARVEY A . BORDNER Superintendent. City Schools He was born in Mt. Aetn•. Pennsylvani•. and gradu•trd from the University of Indian• in 1896. After graduation from tbe University, he taught in the public schools of the State of Indiana. Later, he becamt high school principal in Brookston. Indiana. After resigning this position, he was appointed an instructQr in the University of Indiana which position he held until ~cember. J 90]. In 1902, he accepted an appointment with the Bureau of Education in the Philippine Islands. In 1902. he was appointed Superintendent of Schools in Nueva Vizcaya: in 1904, SuPerintendent of Schools in Bulacan ; in 1911, Superintendent of Schools in Pam~ panga; in 19 12, Superintendent of Schools in Pangasinan: in 1916. Superintendent of the Philippine Normal School: and in 19 19, Superintendent of City Schools, Manila. Since 1916. he has taken an active interest in the Philippine Amateur Athletic Federation and in the Manila Interscholastic Athletic Association. and in various other organizations and clubs. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 73 DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOLS The Manila Public Schools By rLORENTINO CAY<:<> Florentino Cayce Asst. City Superintendent, City Schools The Department of City Schools was organized on September 30. 1901 , under Act 246 of the Philippine Commission, with Mr. Mason S. Stone as the first superintendent from October 5, 1901 to June 13, 1903, followed by Mr. G. A O'Reilly. from June 15, 1903 to April II, 1911: Mr. John D. DeHuff. from June l, 1911 to September 7, 1913; Mr. Walter W. Marquardt, from October 29. 1913 to July 22, 1914; Mr. Luther B. Bewley, from October 5. 1914 to June 30, 1916; Mr. James F. Scouller. from July 10. 1916 to January 15, 1918: Mr. H. A. Bordner, the present incumbent, from February 7. 1918 to date. Its original features have, to this day. remained unchanged except the much enlarged scope of its activities brought about by increased demands for school accommodation. The present school system maintained and supported by the City of Manila is, undoubtedly, the biggest business corporation in existence today in this community. It owns schoolbuildings and school sites worth millions of pesos and every year makes an investment for operating expenses in the amount of not less than two million pesos. For the calendar year 19 3 2. the city of Manila approved an appropriation of 1'2.190.644 for the salaries of teachers and supervisory officials, for the acquisition of equipment, for the purchase of supplies and materials. for the payment of rentals of schoolbuildings, and for other purposes. It has a staff of one superintendent. one assistant superintendent, one chief clerk, 12 clerks, 13 supervisors, 48 principals, 1558 classroom teachers. and 24 2 janitors and laborers. Every year it turns out products consisting of graduates from the elementary schools and from the high schools equipped with the fundamentals of good citizenship. The organization chart on the next page. shows the official relationships existing among the different divisions and members of the staff. ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION. DEPT. OF CITY SCHOOLS F'ir•l r ow (left to righ) : A. J ose L . P . Villanueva A. Pinon V. Clemente D. B. Bagtas G. Ocampo Second ro111: S. Paiiel I.. Gonzalo I. J. Santos C. Calimlim R. Perez E. A. Seludo M. F ernando H. Garcia Third row: P. Jacinto S. Jeremilio C. de Leon, Chief Ci~rk G. Rosario N. Lim J. Longanilln E. Avelino 74 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 The department of city schools is but one division of the Philippine public school system. The administrative cont~ol over the city schools is in the last analysis vested by law m the Director of Education who is responsible to the Honorable, the Secretary of Public Instruction. While the administrative control rests in the hands of the school authorities, the fiscal control is retained by the Municipal Board COURSES OF STUDY The courses of study followed are the seven-year elementary school course, the four-year academic high school course. the four-year commercial course and the special courses prescribed for the Manila Central School and the School for the Deaf and the Blind. Needless to state. the courses of OR~'-~llArlOl'I Ctt41'!'1' Of'~ £. OU'Al1Tt lH Of c>1"i SCllQl. 'L..~ 1'W;JU, P.l, SlCRCTo\RY Of Pl.,l~LIC lllST~l.iCTIO" Pupil~ and His Honor, the Mayor. Every year the school authorities must not only look up to the Municipal Board and His Honor, the Mayor, for funds but they must also submit a carefully itemized budget from which they are not allowed to depart in the administration of the schools. The city schools, as a school system, is unique in its basic organization in that the authority is divided while the responsibility for the success or failure of instruction rests exclusively with th.e school authorities. The present legal status of the public schools offers a convincing illustration of what two separate and independent government entities working in perfect har·mony and in mutual cooperation can accomplish despite the conflicting powers vested in them by the existing law. study are prescribed by the Director of Education for ·all the public schools under this department. The seven-year elementary school course is the same as that followed in the public schools in the provinces; the academic high · school course for the regular high schools is the same as that fol~ lowed in the regular high schools in the provinces. Under the existing rules and regulations, it is possible for a pupil . to complete the seven-year elementary school course in -less than seven years by skipping a grade or one-half grade d.uring t~~ course. I.n the high school. students of exceptional ability are permitted to complete the four-year academic high school course in three years. ASUNCION PRIMARY SCHOOL Firat f'ot.O (left to rioh.t) : V. Arevalo G. SAntoe M. C. A. Siojo (Principal) J. Maneja (nun• ) R. Miciano E. D. Cortez L. Valentin SeC<nUl: row A. Villanueva F. L. Amurao C. J. Ayalde P. Vicencio R. F.epiritu J, Villa P. Rosario E. Monaod I. Vuquez THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 75 INTRAMUROS PRIMARY SCHOOL . ~ . .... Besides the academic instruction given on the elementary school level, the pupils in grades five, six and seven are given instruction in home economics for girls and industrial arts for boys. The work in home economics aims to prepare the girls for practical housekeeping. including cooking, needlework, knowledge of food values, etc. The boys are given training in the elements of plumbing, woodworking, sheetmetal work, electric wiring, bookbinding, toy making and other forms of home mechanics which are closely related to the activities of the home. The elementary school may, therefore, be considered as a training ground for efficient citizenship. It embraces as far as possible the different aspects of community life; it represents a well-directed effort to meet the existing social needs. The academic course in the high school prepares an individual for admission into the University. The training provided comprises a thorough groundwork in the sciences. mathematics and literature. The work in the Philippine School of Commerce is vocational in nature and prepares an individual for bookkeeping, typing and stenography. The special schools which have their own objectives are conducted primarily to meet the needs of students who cannot profit from the instruction given in the regular elementary Jnd high schools. Front row (te/t to right) : E. Reyes F. S. Javit:r c. Rey .. P. D. de Jo.e V. M. Buena.ftor {Principal) F. B. Ocamp0 A. Narciso R. Zapanta C. Reyes Baek row: J. E. Estacio S. Galvez $ . Dulay J. Soller A. Pedro R. Nadal T. !!eyes J. G. Sauco P. T1&1runicar Fr<ml row (left to right) : J. V. Torres N. Dc-lR"ado A. M. H<•rnardo S. Tolenlino R F. Dnvirl ( PrinciJllll C. B. 1lc Aquino n. M. A!hHno f:. AknnWtra J:nrk row: A. l'cnclrnnh• G. S. Vasqun. S. Paulino A. Pndan F'. C. Garcia M. C. Orhino V. A. Tnm K P. Bi1cornin ~- Ejercito F.. Fl'rnanclez II, S. Sagayadan F. B. Sebastian The increased appropriation for public education in the city of Manila is due primarily to the ever increasing total population with its corresponding increase in school population. The city of Manila is rapidly developing along industrial lines; unsettled districts are fast becoming populated. Besides the natural increase in total population, a great influx of residents from the provinces renders more serious the problem of accommodating children both in the elementary schools and in the high schools. The existing ordinance No. 706 which prohibits the admission of children into the city public schools unless their parents are actually and permanently residing in the city of Manila cannot be effectively enforced due to the difficulty of ascertaining whether or not the parents are permanent residents of the city of Manila. THE TRUST FUND INDISPENSABLE The appropriation of approximately two million pesos which every year the city spends for the operation and maintenance of the public schools is spent largely for the salaries of teachers and for the rentals of buildings. Not much improvement in the equipment of the schools and in the improvement of the surroundings can be accomplished; the most pressing needs of the schools have to be partially met out of a trust fund called the school fund which consists JEFFERSON PRIMARY SCHOOL 76 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 MALATE PRIMARY SCHOOL !argely of the proceeds from cine benefits, lunch service, and matriculation fees paid by the high school students and intermediate pupils. It should be borne in mind that the school activities in a modern school are not confined solely to the intellectual development of the school children. Physical education and school library have become permanent adjuncts of a modern school. To meet these needs, to make possible a system of instruction maintained on a satisfactory level of efficiency, the operation and maintenance of a trust fund is indispensable. The proceeds from the matriculation fees are divided on the basis of 60 per cent for library and 40 .per cent for athletics. The proceeds from cine benefits and sale of school lunches constitute the miscellaneous fund. The school fund is subject to audit by the City Auditor. by the auditor of the Bureau of Education and by the audit · Firat row (left to right): N. R. Vergara F. del Espiritu S_ anto P. Tuason S. C. Legaspi (Principal) F. Dani ( Ai:ist. Principal) E. Carcia N. Arce SecO'nd row : A. Lega spi E. Arce R. Natividad P. Naval V. A1·ce T . A. Reyes F. M. Bernardo F. J. Ragasa Third nno: T. C. Salvador A.. Cruz F . Nuval G. Reantaso First row (Ir.fl to riqlit) : G. D. Hernande~ M. I. Quindoy C. Lanot (nurse) l. S. Pol.llacion L. df." Leon J. D. Favila Secr.md TOW: P. Joaquin M. F. Hernandez. G. Mall.ares T. U. Neyra (PdncipalJ l'. M. Lettaspi I. E. Villa ng committee appointed by the Superintendent of City Schools. At the end of each month, the principal renders a financial statement, one copy of which is furnished to thg Superintendent of City Schools. one copy is posted on the bulletin board of the school and the other copy is retained by the principal in his file. All supplies and equipment purchased out of the school fund are listed in an inventory, one copy of which is kept in the office of the City Auditor, another copy in the office of the Superintendent of City Schools and another copy in the office of the principal. It may. therefore, be stated that the school fund is sufficiently safeguarded to the extent that every centavo received and every centavo spent is properly accounted for. The existence of this trust fund entails considerable accounting .ind its collection oftentimes becomes a source of embarrassQUIAPO PRIMARY SCHOOL THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 77 SANTA CRUZ PRIMARY SCHOOL ment to the principals and the classroom teachers. Under present conditions and so long as the funds appropriated for school purposes are insufficient and inadequate for the support of the schools, the maintenance of the special school fund is deemed necessary and indispensable. The principals and the teachers have to render extra hours of service in order to provide the schools with the necessary facilities and to meet the pressing needs of the school children. If funds were available, it would surely be far more desirable to have all of the needs of the school children provided for out of the government funds, thereby relieving the teachers of unnecessary additional work and placing the financial status of the schools on a more stable basis. ADDITIONAL FACILITIES PROVIDED YEARLY There are eight (8) primary schools. twenty-eight (28) elementary schools. four ( 4) intermediate schools. four ( 4) regular high schools and three (3) special schools. with a total enrollment of 70,644 for the school year 1932-193) distributed as follows: primary. 41.828 : intermediate. ] 9,008; secondary. 9.808. The insular government mainFiret row( Ult to right) : F. Llamado P. M.alimban E. Raymundo J . R. Gonzales (Principal) C. Saratan I. Duldula o P. G. Villanueva Second r <TW: P. L. Mariano M. del Rosario L. ·SantoH S. V. Santiago P . Guevara T. Alf\ler L. Franchsco M. S. Santiaao L. U . de Cutro P. M. Florn ca Thir d r <>W : C. Z. lzon F. de Cutro P. Dumandan M. Triados M. C. Cantoria R. Orl'ndain G. Guevarra K Carn>tl'ro (l'rirwip;.' J E. RRsurrcc:l":ion R. A. Montenf'~r , I·: M. ('nst:ii1t·d :1 .r. f\ a~ ;ln:t M. Halili S. M nml'ntn I.. A1rnilinl{ A. Santos A. R. Fahin11 P. I. Cruz A . M . Dikit M. l'. Sika Tl1ird rou: : Jo;. IL P c>rt·z (;. C ruz I •. Reyl ~ P. F ernando F. Ua utista C. Celestino M . C. Santia~o A. M. Silva N . Oli\•as tains and supports the Manila Central School. the Philippine School of Commerce, the School for the Deaf and the Blind and the San Lazaro Hospital School. As the housing conditions improve. the primary and intermediate schools will eventually be converted into elementary schools. T here are 124 buildings occupied by the schools and, of this number, 64 are rented by the city of Manila and one by the insular government. For building rentals alone. the city appropriates the sum of 1'267.808 annually. Notwithstanding the tremendous handicap of lack of funds. the city of Manila has been endeavoring to develop a modern school system and to provi<ie a minimum of elementary education for all its children of school age. In line with the established policy of His Honor. the Mayor, additional facilities are provided each year in the elementary schools at a great financial sacrifice. T he result is that no pupil has been refused admission into the elementary grades. This is a highly commendable achievement when one stops to consider that the city of Manila .is already spending for public education approximately 27.8 per cent of its annual revenue. not including expenditures for the construction of school STA. MESA PRIMARY SCHOOL 78 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 TONDO PRIMARY SCHOOL FlrBt row (left to rigl1t) : M. Policarpio E. Tenorio M. Martin G. Pascual R. Ramos J . Feliciano (Principal) F. Dani (Asst. Principal) M. Juco P. Lumague D. Santos C. Velada M . Manapat S<"cond TQW: M. de Leon L. V l'ra D. Jimenez P. Querubin P. F.van1tcli~ta E. Roldan C. Castillo E. Sta. Mnria F. ff.t:y~ C. Ra.rael A. Castelo J, Hernandez P. Tumalad P. Ramirez buildings and the acquisition• of school sites. This share of the government revenue, devoted to public education, may not compare favorably with the educational expenditures of the city school systems in the United States where 38 per cent of the income of all cities of over 30.000 inhabitants Third row: A. Valencia A. Dujua S. Villanuen J . Santos F. Villanueva R. Colina M. Morales E. Candelaria C. Quijano T. Avancena G. Pintado P. Evangelista G. Bautista IL Samodio J. Morales Fourth. row: J, Giron G. Jacobo I. Aldaba M. Baltazar L. Dionisio N. Romero T. Seva C. Sil!lon de Solis J ... Aranzamendez L. F.spaiia E. Barcelon E. Legarda C. Ladia M. Viviezca R. Seva E. Rodriguez L. del Carmen J. V aldevieeo A. Torres J. Villanueva M. Rodriguez C. Joven S. Dunglao for 1922 was devoted to education, but the fact remains that the school costs borne by the insular government _for primary textbooks and for salaries of insular teachers are not included in the computation of school costs for the city of Manila. (See Statistical Atlas of the United States. 1924, BONIFACIO ELEMENTARY SCHOOL F'irat roao (left to rioht): C. Cuatuera.a I. de la Cruz F. B. Miranda A. del Carro A. Bueno (nurse ) A. J. Reyes ( P rincipal) R. P. Enriquez A. Flores L. Razon Sfl!t'Oftd row: R. de Castro L. Guevara M. Guzman A. Sapinoea C. Ff!l'nandez R.. Santml V. C. Toribio R. S. Corpus C. Yoingco A. Reynado· Third r01tr. P. RiVer& S. Rambs A. Flores M. P. Lucas T. E. Martinet J. Marcos R. F. Garcia E. G. Palisoc M. Panguilinan A. Pansan Fov.rlh row: L . J nocencio A. Santo1 F. Vergara D. Marcos M. V. Domineo J . Reyes M. Agustin F. Francisco C. Yatco M. Malonzu E. C.Ordero V. Puct'da THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 7!) BURGOS ELEMENTARY SCHOOL f'irst row Cleft. to n" ght): J. Vicente P. Limuco T . Bringas B. Francisco V. Mata (Principal D. Nepomuceno E. Lloret G. Fernando C. Ja,·ier Second ruu: : P. Mart ine7. L. Fern1:1.ndt'z R Simbulan M . Jimenez A. Francis<'o M. Villaso\ G. Gan R. Jimenez I. Ignacio E. Roxas S. Rodriguez P. Caneco E. Fernando E. Mojica Department of Commerce. Bureau of the Census, Page 444.) The most important administrative function of any school system is to devise ways and means whereby every peso invested in education may bring two pesos' worth of returns. To insure a high standard efficiency, a term which is correlative with learning efficiency. a corps of supervisors is employed. It is the duty of the supervisors to visit schools. observe the classroom work and offer to the principals help and suggestions for the improvement of instruction. The supervisory function is exercised not only by the supervisors but also by the principals and by the superintendent and the Third row: fl. Antonio J. <lei Rosario A. Francisco 1':. del Rosario V. Trinidad T. Antonio l'. Lloret ' ('.. Legaspi .F. Picacht.T. Eliscs H. Asuncion Fourth row : N. F rancisco M. Tuason J. Ramos A. Gallardo R. Alejandro IL H. Ncrit D. Capino P. Ncpomucl•no '1. Pascual I'. Anta.za assistant superintendent. Every effort is made to create such conditions as are necessary and essential to effective learning. !n other words. our educational machinery called the school, 1s made to function in such a way as to produce young men and young women better prepared for the duties and responsibilities of citizenship. THE TEACHER'S ARDUOUS TASKS The importance of the teachers' role in a modern school system is well recognized by all educators. "As is the teacher so is the school. " T here cannot be any better investment EARNSHAW ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Fir11t row (left to right) : A. L. Ruiz E. J. Andres G. del Rosario F. Romero ( P rincipal ) C. Cruz C. Modesto C. G. Encnrna.cion Sceond row: L. R. Espiritu L. Gard• A. Aniceto A. G. Jorge J, V. Samson P. Panis 80 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 ERMITA ELEMENT ARY SCHOOL of the school fund that to sprnd it for the employmrnt cif capable and well-trained teachers. \Vith the higher professional and academic training required of the teachers must go higher wages. It is not fair 10 exact higher preparation on the part of the teachers and to make them render long hours of service withoui- giving them the corresponding Fir at r010 (left to right) : I. Bernardo F. Navarro M. Torres P. Barrera (Principal) P. Yibar R. Nnvarru J. Pinzon Sn·o11d ro1(': A . Huduan J . Villn.JW.111 S. Guticrrl'z E. Gozun D. Juicu N . Gamit S. M. Ai?u1tlin Third ro11·: M. Endaya F . Castro R. Ri7.al <". Liongson A. Ramos F . Dimalanta D. Santos F01trth rou•: W. La\·engco H. FrancisC'o G. Fuster D. Serion A. Hilario E. Santos financial remuneration. While in some quarters teaching is considered missionary work, the interests of the people which are involoved in public education cannot be made the object of missionary endeavor alone. The economic phase of any profession should not be neglected : so long as we expect to employ teachers who arc hum.rn in every respect, the GAGALANGIN ELEMENTARY SCHOO! . Fir.t reno (left to right) : J . E ncarnacion A. Datoc A. del Rosario J. Gatmaitan C. G. T angco F. Samaniego A. A. Noroii.a ( P rincipal) D. Decena L. Santos C. S. Lesiaapi P. Arevalo P. Santo• Second .,.ow: D. J. Ferrer M. A. Claridades F. R. &guerra C. Caracta V . S. Raiiada N. Teodoro A. Trinidad R. 0 . Estacio F . A. Bautista E. V. FuJgencio L . Lallana Third row: M. Osorio L. Vargas S. G. Ferna ndez C. S. Peiia C. Querubin P. Ali6os A. Bunuan P. Bulaclac P. P . Rednio G. L. Salomra r. C. Puia C. G. Apil Fourth ,.010: V. S. Cla ridade, J. Bautu.t.a· J . V. Carlo C. Reyes M. $. Gabriel M. Crai: C. Lara V. Jante D. Aneele!> B. J. L;cup G. de Leon Fifth rt>W : S. Cruz M. C. Reyes V. San Ju&n B. CaJupitan Teachers not included in the picture are: Miaa M. V. Quila.la Miu E . D. Hernandez Mrs. B. Tupde (Tead:ier Nurse) Mr. L. P'ranci .. co THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. I 9 3 3 First row (left to right) : M. Mariano B. Arteficio A. Cuevas R. Estanislao F. Reyes P. T. Pecson (Principal) E. V. Castro V. Concepcion P. Villarosa J. V. de Li7.a R. Mina GOMEZ ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Second row: N . Gomez R. Vizcarra S. Lansa.iigan V. M. Villanueva R. Comandantc J. Sabile C. Alamia T. Miranda N. J. Alonso !,. V. TaJA\·era A. Mejorada Third row : E. Reyes T. de Guzman S. Conc.epcion F. T. 'l'brno M. Tena CR. C. Nurse.') B. M. Jacinto M. Alvarez L. G. Lontok F. Herrera c. L. Corcuera Fourth D. J . Reyes A. L. Crisoloi:o A. J. Reyes C. Lim Fifth ro1t: : l . B. Yonzon E. Go-Oko M. C. Rcgala D. de Guzman II. R. Dionisio A. T. <lei Rosario I. G. Dogma W. G. Abolencia 81 financial aspect of our educational problem should receive serious consideration. The incentive for better work is removed when teachers' salaries become stationary; social justice and equity dictates that this class of public servants ought not to be relegated to the realms of the forgotten. Every teacher employed in the elementary school must be a graduate of the Philippine Normal School; every teacher employed in the high school must be a graduate of the university with the degree of bachelor of science in education. Teachers in the elementary schools have to undergo six years' training above the elementary school while the teachers in the high schools have to undergo eight years' training above the elementary school. The work in the school is so exacting and nerve-wrecking that every year a GUIPIT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ' F'i'r.•t TOW {left to right): F. n. Flores C. Mariiio S. Velasco M. P. Decena F.. T . Santos (Pr incipal) A. Serrano L. Ariston M. F lorentino E. Calicdan Se~o11d row: H. Santos E. Buhay C. Regalado S . Gumarang P. Villanueva F . Snlila C. Nacu R. Carreon H. C. Cruz T . Melendres Tltfrd row: R. Acosta P. E. Marcelino L. Abasolo M. Fe Gonzales E. Legaspi E. Andrade J,, An~eles Mesa L. Tun.no Fourth row : R. Olivarez P . M. Victoria no J. Guerrero B. Salazar G. Martin .F . Callo G. Y. Alzonn 82 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 1933 EMILIO JACINTO ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Firt1t TOW (/rft to rir1/1 l I : R Rodrii!Ut· ~. R. C. Millnn r. Salas L. Moralt>S J\t. Yarr.n. J.C. PinNla tl'rincip;tl) C. Cru;r, P. Mirnnda C. Antonio Q. llautit;ta A. Carpio S. Domin~(• Sc·rond ro11· : t'. M. Til.!'"' P . 0. Obaltlu C. Castro M. Santos E. Ramirez K del Ro!'nrio E. R. de! Rosario F. H"rnandcz E. Trinidad V. D. Raf11cl C. Fouslin11 C. Malimbftn Third -ro11·: G. Maniquis I. T. Salac R. Cueto F. Rey~ T. Santi&i!O M. Santos L. Cruz A. Aquino Fourth ro11·: A. Mt•ndm.a C. Noroii.a R. Z. Santi1:11w I'. J. Eui:z-enio ~. Nicolas (TE>ad11·r-Nursd I.. de Santo~ I.. de la Paz G. Jimen~ ~. 1". Choko E. Ai!. Q11ilb1tn Filth row: t'. Manalasla:i F ... O. Zapanta S. D. Santoe C. C. NoroiiR S. Contreras 0. Ramos F. D. Aiiasco Sizth -row: 8. Cruz C. Dautiata considerable number of teachers have to stay out of school on sick leave. They have to be in school at least fifteen minutes before classes begin. they have to prepare their board work and conduct the recitations morning and afternoon. In the afternoon they attrnd to extra-curricular activities and athletic games. On Saturdays and holidays. they attend teachers' meetings and athletic games. Some evenings they attend the meetings of parent-teacher associations. Voluntary contributions gJlon· weigh down heavily upon the shoulders of the classroom teachers. They are required to read professional books and professional magazines, besides the local dailies. When all things are considered, it may be stated, without fear of contradiction, that the teacher docs not have any margin for savings. Their unselfish devotion to duty. their loyalty to the task of educating the youth of the city. despite the numerous handicaps and extremely unfavorable conditions under which many of them have to LtG:'\RDA ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Fir11t TOW (left to right) : S. Aquino M. Limjuco C. Filoteo R. Carlos A. Garcia N. Gomez (Principal) C. Loyola R. Florencio 'f. Taal c. Olimpia E. Madamba Secu?td row: L. Centeno P. Villarroel n. Nebres D. Ferrer P. llacan A. Lectura 'f. Roblee E. Ramos A. Mercado L. Chuavenco Third ro'ID : M. Raymundo T. Sobretodo E. Santiago P. Castro D. Valdez P. Mercado U. S. Agustin S. Caftero A. Cruz D. Cantoria Fourth row: S. Guerra B. MendO'l.& P. Samoy J. Rualo P. Caiitto M. Pimentel E. Cantorla P. Cadu.wan l lL Cal&nc THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 19 3 3 83 LICO ELEMENTARY SCHOOL work, speaks highly of the corps of teachers. principals and supervisors now in the service. SCHOOLS AND THE PUBLIC HEAL TH This article about the city schools would not be complete without a brief discussion of the health activities being carried on in the public schools. From the reports received from the field, it may be inferred that the efficiency of instruction given in our schools has been greatly hampered by the poor health of pupils. No marked economy or increase in the efficiency of instruction is possible if teachers are to continue working with such poor tools or poor materials. A teacher lacking in physical vigor is not likely Fir14l row (frft to n'.!lhf) : C. I. Teodoro Jo'. U. Arbolcch1 l>. S. Reye:< S. Lerma ( l'rinripnl l A. O. V cnl•racion K G. cit• Vnh·nd:1 RF.. ft.<-y~ ,..;f'f ' (.11Hl rO'W: T. Canlas 0. S. Pa.-;ctrnl R. I.. Santiw!o I .. Lansangan H. H. Colendrino M. IL Garcia T . Sion G. A. Ventura F. M. Campomnnes M. B. llauti~ta E. Denie.ita 'f'hi,.d row: A . M. lkrnl'lrrtu C. C. Millan .\. P. Juev:o F.. M . lcasas N. N. Mendoza P. M. Pestano F. K Gonzales F. Cruz R. M. Bautista S. Asuncion f 'ou.rth row: F. P. Dacanay I .. Bautist.a P. R. de Leon U. Plantilla M. 0. Deniega C. M. Tarlengco J. A. de la Cruz to prove high in teaching efficiency, and pupils s~ffering froi:i diseases. malnutrition, and physical defects are in no condition to take advantage of the instruction provided. It is, in reality. a waste of public funds to spend from P38 to P50 per pupil each year. for teachers' salaries and overhead charges. for equipment, upkeep. etc. and ignore entirely the fact that a considerable number of the children in the schools are not in that health condition which will enable them to benefit, in the maximum degree. from the instruction which is being provided. School children who are undernourished and physically handicapped fail to make progress, retard the progress of other children by absorbing the greater portion of the teachers' time, fail of promotion and are. in many First row (l.eft to right) : M. F . Jimenez A. D. lnarda A. G. Cruz LINCOLN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL L. B. Barie.an V. Ariston R. Y. Narciso J,. Barican I. P. Salazar B. Bernardo Second row: L. E. Pifiol F. N. Gan F. R. de la Paz B. L. Viray R . J. Y8&&'UD D. G. Silos J. Guzman P. Santos H. Pinto R. Villamin F. D. Natividad P. Hernandez G. Hernandez Tkird roto: J. Martinez R. N. Toribio B. Cutaran N. C. Sison C. S. Carreon B. R. Tuason N. Beltran C. Vuycankiat P. Aleacid F. B. Garcia Fourth row: S. Roxas A. Espiritu S. Cunanan (Principal) S. Cruz R. Veluco S. H. Muhn.o 84 THEGOVERNMENTEMPLOYEEforJANUARY. 1933 LUKBAN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 1-'ro11t rmr (/Pft l o riyht): S cron'l TOW: Third r&w: Fourth TOW.' Not in thr, picture: R. Ruiz C. 0 . (hiOJ.!'11(' R. V . Omaft:i Jo;, Alrnrq11c1, I. EuJ:('nio V. Duque ca,.1il111 ( l'rincipal J T. Castillo M. {;, Diwn V. IL Blasen 0. F. <ionuilt·~. L. hrnacio J . G Carda r. F. Salazar R. Manalo F. T<>jico I.. T. Coria F. Romero A. Fermin C. ValdM. I'. de la Rosa instances, headed towards failure in life. No business organization would neglect so important a source of waste. If. by the expenditure of a small additional amount. a large amount of the waste could be eliminated. a business corporation would consider it a good policy to do so. There arc in all 20 nurses. 2 physicians. 7 dentists to F. C. Goilia Q. Scrran'o P. P t'rct G. Romero F . Ancheta U. Agunnt D. Vilhi.pondo s. M. Dacunay A. Dimalanta E . de Guia M . T. Ligaya Me ndoza F. S. Ruperto R. LopC'z M .M. Caampu('c] A. Mangibin M. I.nrdiznbi1l P. c. Gunzalez min·ister lo the health needs of 70,644 school children. Whenever possible, a thorough physical examination. covering minor defects. general physical constitution. chest measurements, weight, height, condition of the skin, spine, eyelids. sense organs. etc., is conducted. The data thus obtained are used for both immediate and comparative purposes and MAGDALENA ELEMENTARY SCHOOL First row (l1:lt to right): B. Guevarra A . Aguila R. Castillo I. Reyes L . Alivia M . Velasquez. R. Re)o·es H . Talusan (Principal) R. Pacquing G. L. Astraquillo R. Grau P. Cosme F . Hernandez B. Galvez F. Bcrican Sce011d. row: P. Valenci• R. Salvador J. Calve-:. F. Pacquing F . Carreon E. Alina S . Valbuena C. P. Fajardo E. Sa ntiago P. Murriel C. Ar~ F. Prospero L. Roxas C. Oii.ate Ajero V. A . Vcrael Third. row: S. Cru't F . I. ~ntervalo D. Tan L . Ro:11:as E. Roxaa C. T. Reyee G. Aniban D. Pan1aniban M. G. CJaudio Fourth. row : A. Suabillo M. S. E vangelista R. Saclayan THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 85 PACO ELEMENTARY SCHOOL furnish the basis for a constructive program of physical development. At the present time, emphasis is given to the detection of the defects of vision, teeth, tropical ulcers, ancl other prevalent diseases of children. With the limited· and inadequate force of nurses and physicians available, the health examination of school children has been very much handicapped. Besides health examination. children need healthful environment both at home and at school. The schools have First reno (left to rigl1t): C. D. Santns f". Brion<'s P. Arizabal C. Matriano J. Topacio (Principal) S. Enriquez F. Ortcza .J. Enriquez. K A. Morales S n:o11d row : C.:. Mariano T. Albiar K Morales I>. Lim R. Argaw G. de Castro M. Ebro A. Agampan I'. Pagdaganan E. Serenio K Dawis B. G. Conanan 1'hird 7C>1V: J. M. Santos S. Lorena W. Reyes D. H errera J. Lapus A. Matorino G. Campos E. Lawsin T. Campos Fourth row: C. Lingad J. Alba M. Briones very little control over the home environment and it will probably take years before the instruction in personal health, laws and regulations now given in the classroom materializes in the home. The demands made on our schools with regard to quiet and healthful surroundings, playground facilities, and well-lighted and well-ventilated classrooms, sanitary toilets, cheap and nutritious school lunches, and other hygienic requirements have been but partially met. The child has a right to be healthy and the city of Manila cannot do GREGORIO DEL PILAR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Fir11t row (left to right) : C. T y N. Bautista C. Limaain~ J. Zaeariee T. Tan N. Rivera F. Manuel S. Gomez (Principal) P. Castro (A111t. P rincipal) L. Dungca P. Gutierrez E. Areulo L. Cbavea P. Munc~l Second row: B. Buntian M. Sevilla B. Avena G. F.ep•jo B. Trinidad L. Abajar V. Zarasoza A. Ruff F . Garcia S. Laconico M. Eusebio F. Cruz B. Constantino R. Bacho E. del Prado S. Caatro A. Bernardo A. Gabriel S. Aaunclon Thir d r ow: Jo, . Zacarias E. Diangco S. Reyes A. Torno J . Faml I. Nuevo C. Manalo R. Reyes M.. Leaiio R. Decena M. ·Jose M. Tan C. Villegas C. Serrano J. Pablo A. Ravaso F. Felipe Fourth row : G. Pafig-ilinan S. De Jesus J, Arevalo A. Villote A. Remigio J. B. Cruz Q. Cruz J. Rolda S. Tadeo J. Rosas T. Ramirez E. Gutierrez V. Romey R. Alcaraz S. Victoria R. Mercado 86 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 RIZAL ELEMENTARY SCHOOL First row (kfe to right) : Seccmd row: Third row: M. Yujuico F. Barrera A. Santos V. Diaz M. BatungbakaJ M. Cristobal P. Basa P. P. Rey~ (Principlll> L JOC8un R. Sanche;o; G. Jadol P. Anselmo I. Manuel C. Castor C. Dani otherwise than recognize this birthright by extending the necessary opportunity. A VALUABLE AUXILIARY AGENCY In cases of serious illness or of contagious diseases, followup work is undertaken by the school nurses. The nurse goes into the homes of the children. notes the home conditions which surround them and. by a tactful presentation of the needs which women can do much better than men, accomplishes results with mothers which cannot otherwise D. Cueto E. Lacson F. Cervania A. Reyes R. Mozo J. Francisco S. Lacson M. Revallido V. Cinco P. Jacinto J, Chavez E. Paulino F. Morre M. Sernal R. Garcia M. Santos C. San Miguel J. Revallido F. Salvador F. Sanchez J. Toribio S. Reyes T. Herrera T. Gutierrez P. J. Cordeta $. Maniqui!I A. Gutierrez F. Mediavillo A. Manalayaay I. Cabales S. Santiqo J. Cruz F. Olitan be obtained. School nurses also very often establish somewhat permanent advisory relationship with the homes they visit. These home visits made by nurses are exceedingly valuable in improving the sanitary conditions of the hoin~ and no words can here indicate the possibilities of this humane and scientific work. One auxiliary agency of the public schools which is fast gaining ground in the city of Manila is the parent-teacher association. The association has been formed in a number of schools for the purpose of establishing harmonious relationship between the teacher on the one hand and the parents SAN ANDRES ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Firlit row (lefe to rioht) : M. M. Gaudinez T. V. Gaudinec Q. S. Suabillo P. de Guia R. Custodio G. Serrano (Principal) L. Y. Alemania P. P. Paguia L. Domineuez C. ReyeeaRomero E. R .Romero Seeon.4 row: J. A. Roman L. K. Banawa B. 0 . Ramos F. B. Fernandez V; Calixto C. Barros - H. · A. Sta. Juana J. D. Arana C. Santoa Third row: D. A. Canicoea F. Villanueva P. Ricafort A. Castill~Balagot C. M. Du C. L. Seludo I. R. ldai'ioeca F. P. Meneses E. Baranda T. Hernand~Cabel D. Tenorio A. F. Navarro M. R. Oca S. Pargaa J. V. Barros Fourth row: F . Obis po C. S. Balbu J. Torres THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 191\ SAN MIGUEL ELEMENTARY SCHOOL First rou· (left to right) : F:. Daquina P . Ab.a~olo M. S. Hasa C'. T. EnriC)uC'1. ( Prin1•ipal I E. Marqun E. Ravelo V. Silverio Sr' t."011d ron· : P. Inarda C. Hernandt>7. V. C. IWyf"S M. Tongson A. M. Perea t;. Gachalinn B. Villanut•\'a S. Sant~ M. Rodric:m•:t. Third rou:: r . Dnnt!alio .J. Silver io F. A snn<'ion .I. Cn:-:tr11 .J. t-'rn}Tt• 87 on the other. Educat9rs have long recognized the fact that the education of the school children is an important concern not only of the teachers but also of the parents. Instruction provided in the schools cannot be effective unless it is supSAN NICOLAS ELEMENTARY SCHOOL First TOW (left t o right): Seccmd row : Third r rtw: F011rth row: G. Garci.a D. Miranda M. Ramo~ C. M. Descalgo C. Maca.nte P. L. Crisostomo M. Lampa P. T. Sia-Cu nco l. Degollacion R. $. Masongsong J . Ccrtez S. Bautieta T. T, Ortiz M. c. Alegre P. T. David R. R. TRnchuco E. v. Abalateo A. Laiz P. Bernabe P. Buenviaje P. T. Guerrero P. J oeon L. F. Torrijos (Retireil) E. David C. P . Casim S. B. Montoya G. Bijasa J. L. Maneja (Nurse) M. Pacifico M. T. Aragon E. Pineda E. M. Carlos M. P. Ocampo P. David c. F. Rod ill S. Borja C. Pacquing 'I'. G. Miranda J . IJ. Mapanao J, Bernabe D. c. Amador J. D. Paciencin C. Av<-llanot'a S. Rodri&'O s. N . Carcia H. L. Battad J•, GArl'iu A. N. Da\'id (I'rincipal) M. Sia.Cuneo 88 THEGOVERNMENTEMPLOYEEForJANUARY, 1933 SAN SEBASTIAN ELEMENT ARY SCHOOL plemented with follow-up work which should be done at home by the parents. The activities of the parent-teacher association may, therefore, be summarized as follows: "To serve and promote the best interests of the school children." Without the cooperation of the parents the work in the public schools cannot succeed. The school has to rely upon Fir•t row (left to right) : T. S. Hean taso A. V. Velasquez R. de Vera R. Mendiola C. Jocson (Principal) A. C. de los Reye!I C. C. Cuido~ P. S. Enrile S. Tirona SecOfld row: V. Villaruz J. Rodriguez J. V. Camacho C. Calixto E. Ma1iari C. Reyes L. E. Frnncisco F. Pangili~an A. Rainos A. N. Mariilo S. Villaruz Third row; I. Campos T. Trinidad E. C. Cruz C. N. Concepcion T. R. Asuncion E. liaR'aoiaan S. M. Santos the parents for the education of the children outside of school hours.. The school children are kept in school from five to six hours daily for 40 weeks a year, five days a week, including school and official holidays. It can readily be seen that the participation of the parents in the education of their children is indispensable if the best results possible are to be SANT A ANA ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Fir11t TOUI (left to right) : Second row: Third row.:· FOKrth row: F. Bautista S. Rozas M. Duque B. Macabubay F. Sta. Ana C. Encarnacion A. Snap M:. Reyes F . Navarro A. Hipolito G. Manigbas G. Carreon D. Ylanan A. Figueroa A. Panis P. Arcangel M. Semilla R. Tanincco I. Muiioz R. Lorenzo (Principal) J. Merencillo H. Bua.do A. GorosJ><! A. Domin,ao P. Leiva A. Garcia J. Viloria C. Calderon 0. RuelOl!I A. Gamit M. Man: abat II. Bautista F. Pintado 11!.Robori<I J4, Nuarlo THEGOVERNMENTEMPLOYEEforJANUARY. 1933 SINGALONG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL First row (left to rigltt): Seccntd row : Third row: Fourth TOW: E. Ruperto S. Luciano R. S. Peiialosa C. Cruz E. E. Nuiiez C. Tomas E. Hernandez M. Domingo F. T. Cruz C. M. Kemp P . M. Morales E. Dernardo P . Caiiizares (Principal) G. de los Santos A. Pacheco M. T. Aragon A. D. Luz M. Fernandez F. C. Manlulo A. F. Nerio F . Saguil v. Roble\ l. Balian R. Estrada A. Agustin F. Mijaret-\ P. Panopio A. Aure T. Ganaden M. Crucillo G. Ancheta T. Mariano C. Macarana." Fifth row: C. Caballa ll. Punla P. Magla<1uc P. Posadas L. Monteal~re S. Lopez F. Aguilar A. Tanyag 89 secured. The school authorities recognize the contribution of the parent-teacher associations and the material help rendered by them in improving school conditions, without which efficient instruction would be next to impossible. It is to the parents that the school authorities look for help and cooperation in carrying out the educational program for which the taxpayers of the city of Manila are spending annually approximately twc million pesos. SOLER ELEMENTARY SCHOOL First row (left to right): A. F. Juta A. R. Chua 'I'. S. Zapanta M. D. Santos E. S. Hizon M. Herrin E. P . Buenaventura Scco11d row: A. Hernandez 8. Maraiion L. P. Reyes C. B. Navarro N. Manlapaz L. P. Villanueva P. Sobrepeiia R. L. Manalang F. Garcia I. Ramos Third t"OW : Dr. A. Tiongson M. M. Villanueva R. Bafias M. Savares F. Ramae Pourth row: J. Garcia C. I. Teodoro S, Ferrer 90 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 TAYABASELEMENTARYSCHOOl. First TOW (leJt to riuht) : M.. PadJan L. Marfori I R. Ombac E. G. Manalayny P. Bonoan A. V. Arce (Principal) P. G. Gonnlee P . A. de la Roea L. A. Sarni.a M. Caces M. L. Maatoto TONDO ELEMENTARY SCHOO I. Second roU' : B. A. Cabral E. Godoy T. A. Vitan E. Balmaceda M. Palaruan D. V. Yonzon A. R. Ruiz T. A. Villanueva R. Angelea A. Caracd&r R. V. RiiaJ E. Beley J . ARCllOill Thi'rd row : J. S. F. Gonz~:a S. G. Puriaima C. B. Bernalee G. S. Navarro c. U. Santos L. T. Dominguez V. L. Sanb B. Geronimo C. Calingo I. Fiauraci.on Fourth :r010: First TOW (left to "'71tt): M. M. de 108 BeJ'ea L. R. Sanchez G. E. Maglaque B. Cruz M. Pascual E. Romero (Principal) A. C V .illanueva T. Cabezas G. Francisco A. Serna J. M. Carlos Seco11d ro11•: A. Coquia C. S. Lai;!onera G. E. Francisco R. M. Garcia V. Mendoza T. Manapat E. Dalmacio A. Sales L. R. Mendoza D. Cuilao Third ro1v: F. Santo" G. I. Rollan C. Licad s. de Lean J . Andaya A. Razon C. L. Saguil H. AnchE"ta L. Robleti S. Santos M. Pargas f'<mrt'h row: S. Campoa P. Aguilar L. Caparai:i N. Fernando A. de Guzman V. M. Flores M. L. Cavarlez I.. C. Cruz Dr. L. Gaizman (R. C. DentistJ A. Villanueva D. Ramos G. Amado J . Calingo N. Jumin A. Sampang A. E. Cruz C. de Jesua P. Lac&an H. C. F,epejo E. Mai'toto THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 WASHINGTON ELEMENTARY SCHOOL l"irst row (left to right) : C. Perona F'. S. Cantoria L. S. Roque A. Nunga l . V. Samano E. B. Uicbaneo (Pr incipal) G. Cata.niag P. Sison H. Rcibledo D. Reyes F. G. Guevara Firat TOW (left M. Inocencio L. P. Reyes P. Cariiio to right) : I . G. de Ca11tro (Principal) A. Cariiio D. F. Garcia C. Cariiio Second row: E. L. Pa!!t' F. R. Chiapoco R. C. Villabro'Za A . J . Santiago D. Legaspi M. de la Torre L. 0. Nepomuceno A. de Bautista K Roxas .S. G. l'1·istol1al Third r.:J1t• : C. Domim!Ut'? A. 1". Mano(·:-;~ D. Tcmsuan F. Ba rtvloml· F . C. de Leon A. Perona t'. i.PuterilJ .I. H.. Tio11~,.;u11 ZAMORA ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Second row : Third row: E. Bonue L. Mendoza N. Lakandazon M. L . Mansilufigan C. P . Reyes E. Mercado c. del Rosario c. Ciriacru2 A. DominguM G. G. Maturi no c. D. Verdote E. c. Re&urreecion J. Ciriacruz R. J . Lou.no Fourth row : A. D. Morfc B. dcl Valle P. Acosta Xot includrd in t11c picturtJ: .S. P.. Virrey Fourth row: F . Mercnc illo J . Cristobal T. Alano J . P. Garcia D. Ciriacruz 91 92· THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 ZARAGOZA ELEMENT ARY SCHOOL Firet row (left to right) : D. S. P. Buenaventura F. S. Carrillo R. S. Ilorrom~o H . S. Cunanan G, A. Remigio ( Prin('ipul> M. M. Ortiz F.. G. Gardm1111• L.A. AMi:-itio Stctnid row: T. C. Castro R. Calma N. Relevan1e L . de los ReyP!I F. V. Moral~ E. Paguia G. P. Ferrer II. G. Miranda F. G. Df"t"Nin ZURBARAN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Firet TOW C left to rioht) : P. Leaiio A. Zalamea A. Santoo R. Luna II. Lacson V. M. Reyes ( PrincipaJ) E. Rodriguez M. Marella L. Pi:iion C. Y. Guevarra & Santiaso Sec011d row : H. Felicio C. Nasuera A. NotifSa G. Atiiio S. JI. Rejasa C. G. Galvez C. E. Runando R. G. Reyee E. 0. Basilio P. G. Siojo F. Blanco E. Cajaraa N. Sabusa G. Guti..,... TJ&ird row: J. D. llautistn M. Sagas A. A. Santiago V. A. Santiago J. C. Plana!\ M. de! Rosario I>. Je Ll'on Third row: A. del Roaario R. Carpio F. Buco F. Navarro T. Oncena G. Veneracion S. Buihan J, Bunda THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 19 3 3 Fir•t row (left L. M. Yumol D. Jasmina R. Teruel INTRAMUROS INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL First row (left to right) : N. G .. VarJ!"as A. P. Santos T. N _ Pascual I". Abalon M. Geronimo T. Neyra P. GabtiPI T. I.. Patajo Scc011d row: D. VillanucvR E . C. Mateo F. Carballo I l'i-inciJ1al) F. Ocam))tl F. C. Santos MABIN! INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL to right): Second T"ow : Third row : E. Salvano D. Pargas H. Aquino Z. San Felipe A. s. Velasquez B. Villamil M. Santos (Principal) R. Sisson F. Carretero S. Palejo S. Moetacho A. Martinez A. Mananzan S. Karaie A. Sanchez T. Galian J . Mendoza Fourth row: J . Trinidad D. Tinio B. Zamora M. Olien B. Reyes M. San Pedro M. Santos 93 94 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. I 93 3 SAMPALOC INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL First TOW (fr.ft to right) : M. H. Ma.:~110 M. Vclo~o F . Magtibay J.. San ch<'z ( l'rincirial) I.. Enriqm•:;: E. S. Rt>l.!'alaclo .J. 0. l'ann~uit1m Second 1'ow: F.. I.. Serrano M. Calixto K D. lnardl\ V . P ascual M. R. de Jt•s u,; A . S~na I T<'ncher Nund C. Cacda c E. Pascual C. C. Ualtazar C. B. T'iatos ARAULLO HIGH SCHOOL First row (left to right) : C. Sanchez D. S. Garcia L. G. Valencia J. P. Burns (Principal) P. Hernando P. Diokno M. L. Gala ng Second row: M. R. Gilmore J. S. Guerr-ero P. B. Fernandez E. G. Arrinu L. U. Hernande% A. Salindon E. G. o•Man~ Third ro1u: E. G. Nocom J. PeJi.uanda R. Santos M. Tamayo J.. M. Al11uiras D. S obremonte S. C. Decena S. Austriaco E. Joaquin E. M. Cruz Third row: A. Trinidad V. P. Hernand6 H. V. Tiancso R. O. Peralta THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 Firet row (~ft to right): J . Cruz V, Marasigan A. D. Layag P. G. Silos A. Mendoza A. Garon!? C. L. Valladolid St:cond ro1c: F. Tonagbanua A. R. Sanidad A. Silva L. Samonte V. Resurttccion J . Antonio P. R. Astudillo H. E. Alfante V. Malinao Third row: A. S. J aranilla T. Basa E. Smyth R. Hulaonf.! L. Samonte 8. Salvador L. D. Capuii F. Alru Fourth row: N. N. Sylvester H. 8. Sunico E. Pascual F. Leonor E. Romero B. Crisostomo f'ifth raw: C. Mines A. Leogardo V. de Leon A. I. Stickel L. E.Penn R. Gulinao S. Samol)tc N. Franciseu Sizth row: P. Bala B. Alvasan A. Driscoll H. Jimenez M. R. Carlson ( Princip M. de Guzman G. Bautista L. Ver A. N. Nicanor Frcmt row (kft to right) : S. P. Nue-zca L. Flores A. Coduco V . Abelardo E. R. Benavides S. M. England (Principal) E. Africa F. Hilario S. T. GonzaJ~ T. Galvez L. Milaor ARELLANO HIGH SCHOOL MAPA HIGH SCHOOL Second row: c. Tobiaa M. Fernando M. Domingo R. Castaiieda I. Marquez A.O. Hizon E. Buzon L. B. Nolasco A. Ferrer C. Lejano B. Andrenei> P . Samonle Third row: E. S. Gibbons H. Pere?. P. R. Uelmonte C. Yamson E. Alvarez F . G. Dalasico E. Dimagiba A. Ortiz J . F loresca M. Santamaria M. F. Gewald G. B. Parsons C. Bernabe A. M. M aurieio Fourth row: F. Cunanan E. Madmaba P. Delmonte C. 0. Yap A. Gonzales V. Mendoza A. Cabezas P. C. Borloiigan R. Andrews Fifth row: A. Rafiola C. Manalo A. Ortiz D. M. Centeno J . C. Laya 95 96 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 193 3 TORRES HIGH SCHOOL First Tow (left t o right) : S econd row : T. Dizon A. Reyes L. TI. SanWs T.. P. Tapia R. K Agcaoili M . Bautista (Principal) ('. Pacquing F . Hernamkz ( '. de lo~ Hl'Y<'s N . Zat"arins N. R. Cafiizarl's H. F. Arcanl!'cl S. del Carmen A. S. Alzona A . Raym undo F . N icasio F . Mesina C. Rodrig U('Z A. V elasqUl'1. F.. SC'man J,. A .• Jose L. Rigor .I. Leom•s T. D. QuiH1.on D. ScarcllA. MANILA CENTRAL SCHOOL Fr&11t row ( kft to rig ht) : D. Ells E. Potts M. Ely M. Bordner E . G. F lagg ( P rincipal) D. Robb H . Youngberir E . St iver M. F ranks Third row: Ba.ck f'OW: A. Al%ona H. Cabe! M. F..:slrada G. Sa moy J. de la Fue11lc A. Z. Landry J . T. Jo:nriqucz V. C. Carbajosa M. Miles W. Lewi& N . Dy11on J . R ojo S. Olson J. Ziegler 0. Cbillson H . Kreutz D. Fraser H. Steeretedt@r M. Wood J. Siatumanns THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 FACULTY OF SCHOOL FOR DEAF AND BLIND Frot1t row (left to right) : J. Hayes (Principal) R. Fernandez E. Rodenas E. Tejada F. McCann M. WestlincF. Magsanoc G. Polintan Rack row: J, Vitug S. Cristobal F. Castro V. Santos PUPILS OF SCHOOL FOR DEAF AND BLIND The upper picture shows the female pupils and the lower picture the male pupils of the School for the Deaf and Blind. situated in Pfaar;. Rizal. 97 98 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 FACULTY OF PHILIPPINE SCHOOL OF COMMERCE /o'ront row (fr/t to right) : Back row : F. Paredes C. Melencio n. Murphy M. Dauman D. SelBon I.. Reyf'S Frtntt TOtD (left to right) : Cesaria R. Estrella .... Pilar N. de Dimalanta Visitacion C. Gonzalt?9 Gregoria Rodil J osefina Silva ... . . . Gregoria S. Asprer BtUk ro10 (left t o right): Rita Gaerlan . , . .. , . . Honorato Ramos .. Lucinia Chaves . .. . J . Passmore . , . . .. , Carmen A. Ocampo , .. , . . . . Pedro A. Serrano . . .... • , . SUPER VISING TEACHERS Supen'ftor of Grade One Superviaor of Grade Four F. Buenesada W. Cajipe A. E. Magee C. Cuna S. del Prado D. Sulit L. Crur. Superviaor of Encliah in the Intermediate Grades Supervisor of Music and Hand Wrltta.s in the Elementary Gradea Supervieor of Grade Two Asst. Supervisor of Music and Hand Writinl' in the Elementary Grades Supervisor of Grade Tbrel! Indu.strial Supervisor Stipervieor of Home Econnmica Supervisor of Seeond•l"J' English Supervisor of Arithmetic and Social Seiene11 in tbe Intermediate Grades Aast. Supervisor of Mu1ie and Hand Writing in the Elementary Grades THEGOVERNMENTEMPLOYEEforJANUARY. 1933 DEPARTMENT OF ASSESSMENT JULIO FRANCIA City Assessor Born April 12. 188 7, in Pagsanjan, Lagun.J; son of Prudencio Jnd Andrea (Gomez) Francia; married Natividad T rias. in Mabbon, Cavite, June l 2. 1915 ; Children. Jose. Julio. ;rnd Alicia ; member, Institute of Engineers and Architects, Tiro al Blanco, Philippine Columbian Association. Educated as an engineer in the United Starrs, Mr. Francia had yiars of experience in his profession before taking his present office. After attending the Philippine Normal School, 1905, he went ·to America and studied at Western Reserve University, 1905-07. and Purdue University, degree in Civil Engineering, 1910, with summer course at the University of Michigan. 1907, and the University of Illinois. 1908-09. Following his return home he was an assistant civil engineer. Bureau of Public Works. 1911 : surveyor, Bureau of Lands, 1911: surveyor, City of Manila, 19 12: chief computer, Dtpartment of Engineering and Public Works. City of Manila, 1914; superintendent of drafting and surveys, City of Manila, 1916; superintendent of construction and in~ spection division. 1919; chief designing engineer, City of Manila. 1920: and since 1921, City Assessor of Manila, 99 100 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 DEPARTMENT OF ASSESMENT Real estate taxation is a complicated subject. It is as it has always been a thankless task. It is inevitably so because it is a direct encroachment upon the property rights of the people. The duty of distributing th. e tax burden equitably among property owners is the work for which the Depart· ment of Assessment was created in May, 1921. (Act 1991 of the Philippine Legislature. ) Pablo B. Herrera Assislant City Assessor The work devolving upon this Department may be divided into two general classes: First, to determine which properties are exempt from taxation and which properties are taxable. Second, to determine the reasonable or cash value of lands and improvements. The latter class may be subdivided into three groups: (a) Valuation of new improvements. (b) Revision of old improvements. - (c) Valuation of lands. In 1921 the total assessed value of taxable improvements First row (Uft to f"i(JM): H. Juson H. S. Driones M. Santos J. Montalvo F. de Guia I. At:bay M. Lopez M. Paras A. M. Tiamben..-: Second row : L. Coame G. Antonio C. B. Noguera E. Edafio (Chier Clerk and Law Clerk) E . Sancho ( Chief Apprai!ler) F . Luzuriagn D. Cruz L. Paloyo Third row: M.. Galan D. Castro S. SanchE'2: A. G. de las Bayonas B. Bernal A. Aguas J . F . Gonzales A. Perez M. Santiago :& Maranan E. Correa was 1'117,454,867; in 1932, after making a reduction 0f 1'21.257,725 for depreciation, this figure increased to P163.939.83 l. In the case of taxable land the increase was from 1'94,467,508 in 1921 to 1'116,249,123 in 1932. The assessed value of exempt property in 19 21 was Pl 01.15 7 ,050; at present, 1'137.281.943, or an increase of 1'36,124,893. To keep this 1'416,969,897 worth of property assessed all the time at its reasonable value and to assess new improvements valued at 1'5,000.000 every year is a difficult task involving tremendous responsibility. The Assessment Department is being maintained to perform this work. It might be of interest to mention here a few individual properties whose assessments give them the distinction of standing at or near the top of the list. Among the residential properties in this class are those of Jacobo Zobel of which the land is assessed at 1'37,948 and house at 1'109,000: E. A. Perkins, lot assessed at 1'23,259 and house Pl 21,000: Vda. e Hijos de F. Lim Tuico, total assessed value, 1'185.000. Among commercial structures may be mentioned the Insular Life Building, assessed at P850,650, with its corresponding ground valued at· 1'344.544: the National City Bank Building assessed at one million pesos, even; and the Heacock Building at 1'359,952. Then on Dewey Boulevird are the Bay View Hotel, belonging to Dr. H. D. Kneedler, on which a valuation of P2 I 5 ,000 has been placed, and Mrs. F. C. Cadwallader's Boulevard Apartments hotel. assessed at 1'432,393. Perhaps there is no other activity of the city gov. ernment. or of any government for that matter. by which all the citizens are personally and directly more affected than in real estate taxation. This is especially true in the City of Manila where there is a large number of property owners. Even those who do not own property are directly interested because the rents they pay for their dwelling places and offices arc affected by the increase or decrease of real estate taxes. The enforcement of the laws on taxation of real estate is not for this reason an easy matter. The City Assessor is called upon to give a just and reasonable assessed valuation. In giving this valuation, he en . counters the opposition of the owner, who naturally must C. Concepcion C. Naval F. Dimaeulail.ean CLERICAL FORCE. DEPARTMENT OF ASSESSMENT THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 101 prevent any encroachment upon his interest; also he has to see that the government does not lose the taxes it has a right to collect; and finally he must safeguard the interests of all persons who may have occasion to use his valuation as basis for transacting their business. These conflicting interests involved in each single transaction naturally increase the difficulties in fixing assessments. There are property owners who exaggerate the value of their real estate for fraudulent purposes, believing that as an overvaluation will increase the revenues of the city, the City Assessor will accept their statement. But while the City Assessor is interested in raising revenues for the government, he will only do so when not endangering the interests of those who have a right to rely upon his integrity and good judgment. There is another more important reason why the assessed valuation should represent the real value of the properties assessed. The borrowing capacity of the city depends upon the total taxable real property within its boundary. A careless, haphazard valuation will shake the confidence of the holders of the 7, 500,000 bonds issued by the city and will deter others from buying in case the government should decide to place some more on the market. The Assessment Department is now maintained at a total outlay of P56,2 l 0 a year to assume the tremendous responsibility of fixing just and reasonable valuation, protecting, as shown above, the interests of the tax-payer, the revenue of the government, avoid fraudulent transaction by frustrating any attempt to inflate valuation and to establish and maintain the credit of the city in the issuance of bonds. THE MANILA FIRE DEPARTMENT JACINTO LORENZO Deputy Chief, Fire Department It is said that a government can be successfully carried on if its obligations to the public are well performed. The protection of people in time of war against unlawful aggressors must be strong and effective, and in time of peace its avowed duty to protect against impending dangers must be beyond cavil. The Government of the City of Manila since the inception of the American occupation has undoubtedly rendered commendable service to its people, especially as regards fire protection. The so-called "Department of Fires and Building Inspection" was organized during the time of Governor William H. Taft on August 7, 1901. with Frederic R. Dodge and .John W. Hoey as Chief and Deputy Chief, respectively. The Department was composed of 96 members with a budget of 1"14,769, the population of the City then being 219,928; which may be compared with the present 183 fire fighters protecting the more than 300,000 (estimated) people of Manila.. with a total annual expenditure of 1"300,297. Gradually, in consonance with the speedy growth of Manila its fire protective scope expanded during four years 1901 to 1905 as follows: The San Nicolas, Santa Cruz, and Paco Fire Stations were organized on August 14, 190 I: Tanduay, on August I, 1902; lntramuros, February 14. 1903: Tondo, August 25, 1904; San Lazaro, on May 16, 1905. By 1918 the population of Manila had grown to 283,6 1) ; yet only one more station was added to take care of the 60,000 addition to the City's inhabitants, namely, Santa Mesa Fire Station placed in service on December 2, 1920 . . A conservative estimate of the increase in population from 1918 to 1932 is 20,000. In spite of the tremendous influx of people with little growth in the Fire Department, the citizens of Manila are receiving a surprisingly good meas· ure of fire protection, the average per capita fire loss being kept down to P3.9 l. CHIEFS After Chief Frederic R. Dodge and Deputy Chief John W. Hoey, the helm of administration was successively un· dertaken by : Hugh Bonner, late chief of New York City Fire Department; served from December 28, 1901 to July 13, 1904. Lewis H. Dingman, served from July 20, 1904 to November 1. 1919. Otis L. Vanderford, the present incumbent, was appointed on November 1, 1919. DEPUTY CHIEFS John W. Hoey rendered services from August 13, 1901 to August 7, 1904. Frank Moffett, from August 18, 1904 co October 9, 1906. Clarence F. Samuelson, from December 4, 1906 co April I, 1916. Otis L. Vanderford rendered service as deputy chief from May 15, 1916 to November I , 1919, when he was promoted to his present position as Chief of the department. Jacinto Lorenzo was appointed on December 16, 1919. CITY ELECTRICIANS Frank Moffett, September 14, 1901 to August 18, 1904: Earl L. Tatum, November I. 1906 to March 29, 1908: Harold E. Young, August 4, 1908 to June 6, 1913 ; Irving C. Hartigan, August 11, 1913 to May 21. 1920; Charles A. H. Schoendube, October 16, 19 20 to date. MOTORIZATION In the early operation of the lire protective service of the City our horse-drawn engines which of course were much (Continued on pa.ge 1011) 102 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 FIRE DEPARTMENT CAPT. OTIS L. VANDERFORD Chief, Fire Deportment Mr. Otis L. Vanderford was born in Monroe. Georgia. U. S. A., on October 15, 1877. He rendered services from August 16, 1898 to April 22, 1899, w ith the 3rd Infantry of Georgia. and from July 18, 1899 to March 17, 190 1 w ith the 29th U. S. Vol. Infantry. Mr. Vanderford was connected with the Manila Police Dep.ucment from March 18, 190 I to June I, 1907 when he transferred to the Manila Fire Department. On October 2. 1911 . he was promoted to Superintendent of Fire and Police Alarm Systf:m. and in a.ddition thereto he was designated as Acting City Electrician from April 4, 19 12, to August 11 , 191 l. He was promoted to Chief of Construction and Repairs on December 1, 1912. and to that of Deputy Chief of Fire Department on May 15. 19 16, and lastly, as Chief of Fire Department on November I. 19 19, Chief Vanderford has an excellent record as a fire fighter. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE For JANUARY. 1933 103 CENTRAL OFFICE, FIRE DEPARTMENT From left to right arc: C. Hipolito (Fireman) M. Samodio (Record Clerk) T. Gener (Chief Clerk) A. Angeles (Clerk V. de Ocampo (Fireman) (Continued f1·om page 101) slower than the gasoline-propelled apparatus were replaced by Thomas and Webb motors. The exigencies of th~ service under existing city conditions required that our fire fighting equipment should be completely motorized. On .January 30, 1914, motorization was completed under P. G. McDonnell, Chairman. Committe on Fire of the Municipal Board of that time with a cost to the City amounting to 1'79.877.06. The apparatus purchased consisted of five Christie tractors and six Alco auto-truck chassis. The vast wealth and numerous lives of persons destroyed by fire imply that there is every reason to make provision for a well-organized fire protective force. The cry for more effective and up-to-date fire protection did not escape the attention of our worthy City fathers. April 26. l 932. the City acquired four new American La France apparatuses, modernly equipped, which cost P80,000, to replace three of the old, engines and one ladder truck. FIRE PREVENTION A renewed move for the protection of the City inhabitants against the tremendous waste resulting from unnecessary fires was inaugurated when Governor-General Leonard Wood SANTA CRUZ FIRE STATION Lower photo 1howa the aame men with one o( their fire·figli ting engines. Fir.~t row (left to rig/ii) : P. Apccial F'. Sison M. Garcio L ieut. S. Paii:rnn Capt. T . F. Mcintyre (Chief of Station) Lieut. F. Sis.on E. Santo~ I. Si!ion D. Tugade .c;rctn1d row: V. Mania A. Tornito P. Macapagal E. Canlas S. Gutierrez T. D. Fulgencio F. Libunao E. Zaide Third row: G. Cabrillas J. Tabifo M. Morales D. Siflon E. Samio F. C89uw.ic 104 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 OFFICE OF THE CITY ELECTRICIAN declared that the first Saturday of March of every year should be dedicated to Fire Prevention, as per Proclamation No. 14, series of 1924. This proclamation was amended by acting Governor-General George C. Butte, making the first Saturday of February of every year the Fire Prevention Day. B)' virtue of such proclam,Hion of the Governor-General. the Cit)' of Manila has adopted a Fire Prevention Decalogue. which runs thus: I. Keep your house tidy. Do not allow rubbish to accumulate. 2. Do not throw away a match until every spark is out. 3. Keep matches out of the reach of little children. 4. Do not set the lamp near the edge of a table or in an)' place where it may be struck. Front row (kft to ri11ht): Manuel Bullicer A rsenio Fabian Juan B. Estrella Sot.erD Ma~lipon Marcelo G. Ramus Maximn Ocampo Mii:uel Aquino Andres C11rpio 11tu:/; ,·ow: Marciano Sudio Cenon Balaa-ta~ Juan Mangaban Apolinar Villamor Agustin Nuguirl F laviano Ramos Juan Dijamco Felipe Siran Rufino Soriano PoneiRnn Snn .Tunn 5. Do. not set the lamp too close to curtains or anything that will take fire easily. 6. Never pour kerosene into fuel or kindling-wood. 7. Always put out the fire in the stove when you leave the house and before you go to bed. 8. Watch your "plancha" while ironing. Fires often result from carelessness in disposing of ashes. 9. Never throw away a cigarette stub ;without being sure that the fire is out. I 0. Never smoke while lying in bed. The Manila Fire Department solicits the assistance of the individual citizen in case of fire by immediately pulling the TANDUAY FIRE STATION Upper vholo (11•/t t o riglit) : Lieut. A. Ang<'ks Capt. F. Reyei\ Capt. J. Roco ( Chie( of Station) Lieut. I.. Cn\imquim t .ieol. n. Aloiin Scc011d TC1TV: F . Lagro!>& J . San P t!dro M. Leonardo A. M. Shmn C. Nombre S. C ristob1 I T . Gonzales I.. V. Santana M. lmperial C. Erpe.\o I'. Almojuela S. Salvador A. M111i11dlinan P. Castro G. Artates F. Dailganan J. Danson J . M. Victorio J . Danson T hird row : M. Obrino E. Cru~ F . San Pedro •r. Sison Lower 'Picture 11haw1 the same men with their Dre .nsines. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 ~J\NT A MESA FIRE STATION f'ir.~/ roir tl•·ft '" r•!lht) : ~- S. J.iwaum~ ,\. Mt'IHl01.a J .it'Ul. V. ,\,;j11:i.• n. Ar1·ill:1 S1•1·(11ul r ow: (i. d~· Gu;m1:rn A. Orent:ill M. I~nu.cio !<'. Pinacuk M. Manalo D. Al'enl'iun 105 nearest fire alarm box. as well as by giving prompt notice if in the near-by premises there arc any probable fire hazards. The \hnila Fire Department is always at your <lisposJ!. Finl row (left to rioJ, 1 I : T. Alarm.a M. Aunyanl!" CP. pt. J. Reyt·s Capt. C. A. Barker Lieut. N. Roqu(.• F. Can)apan J . Villanueva J . de Guzman Sec&nd row: R .. Cruz A. Silverio E. Ebeo A. Rebano C. Arros:;-ante J. Nilo J. Reyes D. A!foncillo J). Gervacio F . Artall!s L, Mendiola Third row : J . R Alfon l'o A. Ricoi1a S. Gutierrez l\f. Ramos SAN NICOLAS FIRE ST A TION Lower picture shows the same men with their fire-engines. 106 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 SAN LAZARO FIRE ST A TION Up1u·r 7Jhoto (/(off to ·riph l ) : U. de Leon S. T. Nam<1 (F,n,:(iH1..'~·r) R. Rona.. -; ( Capt.. Chil.'f or .Sta. tion) V. VicC'nk ( Lieut<'nant ) J. Linsao D. Reyl':< S econd r ow: F. Fontnnilla A. Jagoring $.Ferrer A. Ba.sito F. Ramajo F. Villega!\ First row (left to ripht): J. Po\i<'!arpio J. Ronquillo (Lieutenant) R. Tajosa (Captain and Chil'f or Station ) S. Abella D. Sa ntos S(•c:o11d row: M. Gallardo G. M<lchucar S. Moje M. Pcdrosl\ C. Man1.ano INTRAMUROS FIRE STATION Lower photc-The aame men with one of their nre--68'bdna enr intt, THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 19 3 3 PACO FIRE STATION ]<'irft T OW (left fo right) : F. Maglaya B. Y uson Capt. C. Cruz Lieut. J . Cruz C. Gon za i('F> T . Rona ~ .'frcond row : R. del Rosario I.. Garcia F. Hizon W. D. Dongon M. Marcelo R. Reye& D. E mbrador A. V ergara R. Tuaiio D. Esgul'rra Lieut. S. Gar<"i1t. Capt. A. Mnn1u1•7. J.'. Garcia H. l~nnciu Scecnul ro11·: E. Mulanv A. Medina N . Quimzon F. A 11uino M. R. Villari\'ft A . Ma nJ;:"ilit TONDO FIRE ST A TION LoweT photo &bowe 'the same men with one of their fire·fichtinr ens inee. 107 108 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE For JANUARY. 1933 EDITORIAL-S THE A THENS OF THE EAST The city of Corinth was long famed among its contemporaries as ··The Eye of Greece." The historic capital of that highly civilized land, however, the peerless city of Athens, has been much more widely known down the centuries as the center of art and learning of the ancient world. Certain it is that in the heyday of her glory, that queen among cities stood without a rival in respect of the culture and learning which graced her civilization. What ancient Athens was to her time and place, so Manila should be in her own time and place. That is to say, she should be the Athens of the East. the great center of art and le:irning. whose fame as such would penetrate the remotest parts of the Orient and attract . to her shores those from neighboring lands who go forth in search of opportunities for educational advancement and the highest attainable culture. Toward this as a goal. we think our fair city might well direct her progress for an indefinite period. Not that we would have her discontinue the material improvements which have so signally marked the past two or three decades. By no means this. But we would see the chief emphasis placed on the cultural development of the community, on the building up of all agencies which conduce to moral and spiritual advancement; to true refinement of living and nobility of character. With Tagore, India's illustrious philosopher and sage whose beautiful prayer forms the preface to this number we may well join in the wish that painting, sculpture. music and the arts may flourish in our midst, and that the dwellings of all our citizens may be abodes of peace and joy. THE FATEFUL DECISION The passage of the Hawes-Cutting bill with its provision requiring acceptance by the people of the Philippines or more strictly speaking, their representatives, as a condition of its going into effect, places the country between the two horns of a dilemma ; and two very sharp horns at that. We are now very much in the position of a hungry man before whom is placed a savory dish served as mushrooms. but which is in fact of unknown character. If the dish proves in reality to be mushrooms, he will have enjoyed a meal fit for the gods and his hunger will be appeased. But if it proves to be toadstools (using the word in its popular sense of poisonous mushrooms) the result will be an irreparable tragedy. Dubious as the effects of this so-called independence measure may be, so far as Philippine and American interests are concerned, there is a third party that is playing entirely safe. We refer of course to the Cuban sugar interests-largely New York capitalists, to whose activity, limitless funds and vast propaganda, the enactment of this legislation is chiefly to be attributed. However, the savory mushroom is not spurned because of the vile source from which it has sprung. Nor is the Hawes-Cutting bill necessarily to be rejected merely because of its vicious and ignoble backing. though this is undeniably a potent reason for regarding it with great caution. What is called for at this juncture of affairs is sober judgment. Hasty and ill informed decisions are not in order. Still more perilous are decisions which are the outgrowth of pride, pique, prejudice. or passions of any kind-even "patriotism", of the sort that is so much in evidence. The model citizen will remember that the destiny of his country probably is hanging in the balance. and, divesting his mind of all emotion and every selfish consideration. he will weigh long and carefully all arguments touching this momentous question; so that his final decision will represent the utmost that he possesses in wisdom. unselfishness. and conscientious judgment. CITY GOVERNMENT ABROAD Contemplating the remarkable accomplishments of our municipal government as presented in the foregoing pages one can but imagine what might be done under a better governmental system than that which is now in effect. Naturally our present system has been patterned largely after those of the United States, where municipal administration admittedly leaves much to be desired. Much might be gained by adapting to our use the best features of more mature systems such, for example. as that of England, where local governments have been operating not for decades but for centuries. and where good methods have -naturally been evolved as a result of this long experience. There. "officials have learned that life is much more enjoyable if people work together co-operatively than if they continuallv look for trouble." Under the English system, all really administrative offices have been made appointive, never elective; and they have attracted an able, honest. and in many cases even a brilliant personnel. the sine qua non of good administration. Methods of municipal administration well worthy of study have long been in vogue not only in England but also in various cities of continental Europe. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY. 1933 109 CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATIONS The Bureau of Civil Service announces an open competitive examination for TEACHER to be held on April 7-8. 1933, in Manila and in all provincial capitals from which applications are received within the stipulated time limit. Applicants must hJYC the foltowin~ minimum qualifications : Either ( l) completion of a four-year course in education or fi::radua. 1ion from a college or uni\'crsitr of recognized standin~ requiring four years of study or J 20 units on standard subjects, 18 of which units must be in education: o r ( 2) ~raduation from the Philippine Normal School or qualification in the junior teacher examina1ion supplemented in eithn case by one year of experience after such graduation or examination for each year lackinJ? of completion of a four-year collegiate course. The subjects and weighrs are as follows: Thesis 20 Mathemati(s (arithmetic and algebra) J 5 General information (including current events) 20 Principles of teaching and educational measurements 25 E ducation, experience and training 20 To be eligible, competitors must obtain a general rating of at frast 70c!c and a rating of at least 50% in thesis. Two days of fiw hours each are allowed for this examination. The first two subjects will be gi,·en on the first day and the third and fourth subjects on the sc-cond day. Applications should ht filed with the Bureau of C ivil Service ;is early as possible. as Jdmission may be closed as soon as a suf. ficient numbers of applications has been received to meet the needs of the service. TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT SUSPENDS ELIGIBILITY A Leyte subscriber submits the following inquiry : "I am employed in the Baybay Agricultural School as a storekeeper at the rate of P40 pn month, payable from the store operation, as temporary employee. I have been employed in this store for four years. I am a third grade civil service eligible. Is there any hope of becoming regular ? To whom shaH I apply in case I ask for such change of status?" To the above query the Bureau of Civil Service gives the following an~wer: "The running of the period of eligibility of Mr. Leodegario R . Arradaza in the third grade examination held on May 11. 1923, was suspended by his temporary employment as storekeeper and mess manager in the Baybay Agricultural School. Leyte. on July I. 1930. In case Mr. A rrad;iza is separated from· the service without prejudice to reemployment his eligibility will be ritended for a period equal to that remaining to his credit w hen he was temporarily employed, to be computed from the date of separation." Application for change of status should be made 10 the applicant's chief- in this case the superintendent of the school. The Board of Medical Examiners. on February 14-17. hold an examination for those desiring to practice medicine, surgery. or midwifery in the Islands. These examinations are held at the Bureau of Civil Service, Muralla Street. lntramuros. APOLOGY T he publishers regret that the 214 pages which comprise this special issue did not afford sufficient space for both the regular and the special articles. and therefore it was found necessary to omit practically all of our regular features. T hey will appear in the next issue, soon to be published. We have to ask further indulgence of our readers in view of the fact that the volume of work involved in the printing of this large edition was such as to delay considerably its publication. VACATION CLASSES AT BAGUIO The Bureau of Education announces that the Teachers' Camp at Baguio will be open from April 1 to May 31, 1933. Secondary classes in normal subjects will continue from April 17 to May 27. Professional classes for supervisors and elementary principals. from April 24 to May 19. T ransportation rates from Manila to Ba~uio are: First class. Pl 2.11 : third class. '1'4.83. Manila-Baguio, round trip. 120 days' limit: First class. P21.10: third class. P8.78. I: I: Express trains leave Manila daily at 6 : 5 5 and at 8: 00 A. M. IMPORTANT NO.TICE Watch for announcement in the February Number of valuable prizes offered. in connection with the Community Assembly Contest. Of particular interest to Fourth-Year students of all secondary schools both public and private will be this announcement of additional prizes to be given the winners in the above contest. Also in the FEBRUARY NUMBER: THE GRATUITY LAW-(Text in full ) QUIVERING LEAVES-' (A short story) - By F ELIX FIDE;L PAZ THE REVISED PENAL CODE-By FLoRENcro CARLOS TRIALS OF A CUSTOMS GUARD-By MANUEL HERNANDO THE HA WES-CUTTING COMPROMISE WASHINGTON AS A CIT IZEN AND A SOLDIER And other features you will want to read, and keep for reference. MANILA BUILDER AND BOOSTER The great transformation which has taken place in the appearance of this city and which is to some extent mirrored an the pages of this issue, has been due ·in no small part to the courage. enterprise, and faith in the future of Manila displayed by its principal· builders and business men, typical of whom is Dr. H. D. Kneedler, head of the realty company that bears his name. One of the city's pioneer realtors. Dr. Kneedler has been a successful operator and has the credit of having erected the handsome and modern Bay View Hotel on the water front. DR. H. D. KN EEDLER 110 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE for JANUARY, 193 3 INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS IN THIS ISSUE This index is published as an aid to the reader, but the publishers assUftle no responsibility for errors or omissions. "A-Il-C" Bed Factory Co. Abdon, Fe-lino (Sculptor) Ahuig, Rosalia Acme Films, Jnc, Ai::uado Hermanos Pai;tc :xlv iii . . . xciv lxx:«iii xxxi;c :xiii Aguilar Machine Shop xdv Ajl'uinaldo, L, R. . . . . lxiii Alhambra Cisi. & CiJ! . . it.Hg. Co. :iclvii Alonso, H. . . . . lvii Alvaran Tailoring lx:<xvii American Exchange Co. xcvi American S.S . .Agencic~. Inc. lxxx Amor Studio . . . . xc,·i Ang Uulakan Jxxxii Ang T ibA.y • . ... , , Jxx iv Anl! Tunay , . . . . . . . . xciv Antillon, Francisco, Dr. . lxxxviii Antipolo Bus Transportation lxxxvi Army and Navy Hat Store v Arte y Trabajo . . . . . . h. Asia Life lnsurance Co. xc As11ociatcd Oil Co ....... .. . Atlantic. Gulf & Pacific Cl'l. Automobile Ass. of t he Phil. Ayala y Cia . .. . B. n. B. y La J(lcal Ilal!'tas, T. R. Ba1rnio Cold Stores Baguio Grocery :-cxxvii xcii bx:ti lxvi lxxxiii Jx"ix lxX\·ii Tiao:?uio Trading Co. . xciv Da~uio VallC'jo Hotel . . . . lii Daluyut, Sotero . . . . . . . . . . . . lxxxiii Bank of the Philippine Islands lxxiii nartolome y Javier . . lxxviii Bartolome y Sevilla . . . . lxxxviii Bartolome Tran~portlltion xdv Day View Hot<>} . Ha7.ar Si<rlo XX . . . . Deech"s Carriage Fact or y . . . xxi )x)(xii Rcm::uet H otel . .. . , . . . . . . . . . . . lx:xvii Ilenguet Consolidated Mining Co. . iii Bennett. lne., P . M. . . . . . Hi Bernabe Studio . . . . . . . Jxxxvi Donifaa. Antonio . . Jxix Dotiea Boie . . . . . . . . . :n·iii Ilotica de Sta. Cruz I Botiea lnsular . . . . . . . . h\'i Bouffard Hnos ...... , . . . hx\·i nunsta Ng Pina\!tiY&"'Ran )x)(XViii Dush, Joe Chemical Co. Inc, . , Hii C. S. Chua.Kee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lx:ucvH Cadwallader Gibson Lumber Co. Iii Calamba Sugar Estate . . . . l(V Camacho's Hat St ore . . . lx:-1,;vjj Cansipit, Inc, Gregorio M. hiii Cantera, F. de la . . . . . xciv Carrero, Vidal & Co., Inc. lxxii Castillo e Hijos, C. lxxiv Central A zucarcra d<>I Norte . xliii Central Electrical Service XC\' Central Ful'niturc Co. . . . . lxxxh· Cheng Sioni:? Lam & Co. . . . . . . )ix Chic~o Portrait Company, The lxxvii Ching Chonn Sing . . . . . . . . . XC'\' Chua Loa & Co., Inc. . . , . Jxxviii Chua Lua n & Co., Inc. . . bxix City Grncery .. . . .. .. . . .. . .. . . :d Co TI:m Lin~ & Co Da n Kiat . . . xcv Co Chun Hunt .. .. _ xcv Co Setenst & Co., Edua rdo . lxxviii Co Ya Co . . . . . . . .. . . . lxxxvi Co\eJ!io de la Concordia . . . :<eii Cole:;io de la Consolaci6n .. , . . I Colegio de San Juan de Letran xii Colegio del lleaterio . . . . . . . . . . . . xciv Coleman Petroleum Products, Inc. x vi Colc'Yio de Santa Rosa , ... , . . . . . . xii Columbia Hotel .. , ... , .. , . . . . . lxxxiv Cpa. Gen. de Tab de Fil. . . . ii & x:<v Commercinl Rrokerue Co., lnc. lx:<xiv Congr<'&S Hotel ..... . .. . ... . . , lxx"Xiv CIHl~rative System S.o.les Co. xiii Corona Supply Co. . . xcv Cruz, Catalina L . de . . . . . . . lxx;ii;vii Cruz de Francisco, I rene . . . . . lxx;ii;iii Damo's Choe. & Cof. Factory , . h:xx De Jesus Gutierrez Art Shop , . . lxxvi De La SR.lie College . . . . . . , . . . . . . va De Luxe Dry Clea ning , . . . , . lxxxviii Decora Arts & Photo , . . . . . . . lxxxvlii Dee C. Chuan &: Sons , Inc. . . . lviii Dee T ian & Co. . , . . . lxxvi Destilcrias Ayala, Inc. . Jxiii Dy Pac &: Co.. Inc. lxlv Earnshaws Docks & Honolulu Iron Works, The . . . . . . . . . xx::.:iv E ast Beach Trading Co. Jxxxvii Eduardo, P . . . . . , . .. _ . ... . . , . . xciv E l Aguila, F iib. de Tab. y Cig. . . )viii El Arle--Shoe Store . . . . . . . . . . . . xcv El Darato . . . . . . .... , . . . . . . Jxxxv El BriJlante _ . . . . . , , . xciv El Dorado Oil Works . . . . . . . . . . xcv El Hogar Filipino .. . ..... . . . , xlviH F~l Lujoso . . . . .. .. . , , . . , . . . . lxxxviii El Luzon CarriaE"e-Factory liv .t: lxxxix El Minalefio .. _ ... El Oriental .. . El Oriente ......... .. . El Oriente.La Prueba El Sol Mayor El 7.afiro . . .. . . . . . Elcctricnl Supply Co., Inc. Elisa's Ifoauty Parlor Page lxxxviii Jxxxiii lxxxii xii ii xiv ii xiv xlix xciii E lser. E . E . . . ....... ... . · · xi vii xxiii Em::dnccring- Equip. & Supply Co. Erlamrer & Galin~er, Inc. Ermita Grocery, The liii Jxxv F..sco Shoe Store . . . .. E.o;cultura de Juan Castillo Estrella Auto Palace .. Estrella Studio .. Eusebio, Teodora G., Dr. Express Welding Service, Inc ... xx ix lxxxvii J'.'.Ciii Jxxvi Fanlo y Cia., Inc. ]xvii Far Eastern Colle~e . . . . . . . . . I::.:'.'< ix Farmaria de Manuel Zamora . . . )xii Farr6 Enitint>cring Develop. Co. XXlCvii Favorita Studio . bx)(viii Fernandez y F errer, I nc. . . . . . . lx::.:vi " Filipina<;" Compaiiia de Seguros )xvii Filipino Expert, Inc., 'fhe . . br.:xxviii Fine Art Sutdio . . . . . . . . . . Jxxxviii Fisk Tire Co., Inc. of the Phil. b:xi ForbNl, Munn & Co., Ltd. lxxii Fox Studio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xciv Franklin Baker Co. of the Phil. lviii Fukuyama, Nishina & Co., Ine. Gabriel Chemical Producb liii Gaerlan & Co., Denita . . . . . xciv Genato Commercial Corporation l:xxiii Go Ho Lim . . . . .. . Ii Go Sini;:co Sons & Co. Co Tuico & Co . . .. . . Cold Ribbon Tpw. Repair Shop xciii Gonzales. E . T . . . . . . . X<'iii Gotauco & Company, lnc. . . lxviii Guan Juat Soap Mfg. Co. . . . . lxxxiv Guttridge & Chambers, Inc .. , lxxviii Hair, Little & Picornell , . . . . lxxi Halili, Tomasa Francisco, Dr. lxxxviii Hali Ii Tran:iit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ix Hanson, Orth & Stevenson, Inc. lxxix Hap Hoo Machine ry Shop . . . . . lxxx H eald's Saw Mill . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxii Hispeno Philip. Imp, & E xp., The lxv Hoc Chuan Ho , . . . xciv H oc T ek & Co. . . . . . . Jxxxviii Hua T oo & Co . .... ldeal Aera ted Wat.<-r Factory . lxxxiv Ideal Auto Repair Shop . . . . lxxxviii Inhelder, Walch Co., Ltd. , . xevi Independent, Welding b:xxiii Insular Furniture , .. , .... . , . . . . lxxiv Insular Life Assurance Co .• Ltd. . . a l11ternational Advertisinll' A!'.!cncy xci International Const. Works . . . . xlvi International De~iizning School Jxxxvi Irternationol Huvcstcr Co. of P hilippines (Rack Cover) Jacinto Her mnnos ... . J 11panesc Bazaar, T he J erusalem Dazaar .. . . Jose, Pedro J .• Dr. . . . . ... . Jose Transpor tation, Angel . . lxv .. li xciv 1xxviii Kapala ran Machine Shop . , . lxxxvii Kian Hua & Co, . . . . . . . . . Jxxxviii Kim Dee Foundry Shop . . . . Ixx Kim Ki Grocery Kine Hiap Hing . . . . .. , . . . . . . xcvi Kinkwa. Meriya.su Co., Jne., P. I. lxuv Kuenzle & StreiCf, Inc. . . . . . . . . xlix Kuy Lim Lumber Company . , . . )xxii Kwonii Me Chan . . . xciv Kwong Wine Lung . . bxxviii La Alegria .. . , . . lxxxv La Boda de Oro lxxxvi La Central . . . . . . . . . Jxii La Ciudad de Nankin . . . . . . . . xciv La Confianza Furniture Factory . xcv La. Constructora lxxxiv La Copa Distillery . . . . . . . . . . La Dicha. Cigar & Cii:;aret~es . . xciv La Economia xciv La Femme Chic . xciii La Importante . . . . . . . . . . . . lxxxvii La Insular . . . . Inside front cover &: Jxl La Isla de Cuba )xvi La Lulu . . . . Jxxxvi La N obleza . . . . . . . . . . . . xcv La Palma de Mallorca . lxxxh• La Pa.risen . . . . . . . xcvi La Patria . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . , . . . xv La Tondefia, Inc. . . . . . b.:i & Jxxxix La Villa de Ran Yoni:; • lxxxvii La Yebana Co., Inc. xx Laboratorio Arguelles ;xx.iii Labrador, Benita . . . xc.".'! Laodahl, Inc, J ohn . . . . bu Page Legaspi Landing , . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxiii Lejarde, Antonio (Pawnshop) . . xcv Leung Ming & Company . . . lxxxvi Leung Shank & Sons, lnc. . . lxxvii t:uS!ngYGia~P~nd~an. Slipwny) lxJi~: Liberty Candy lcecream Co, Inc xxiv Lim Tua.co & Co., I nc. . . . . XC\·i Lim Tuico, Widow of F. M. xcv £~~°:~:;~: ~~~~iz.Int' .. ixx~:i~ Loyal Hotel xciv Lucky Studio , . xcvi Luis Bros. . . . xciv Luna de San Pedro, Andres . . lxxiii Luna Studio . . . . . . . . . I Luzon lirokerage Co .. Inc. lxiv Lu:·.-.n Cabaret .. .... . lxxxvi Lyric Dcauty Parlor xcii M. Chuakay & Company Jxxiv M. Y. Saa Co. . . . . . . . . . xcv Ma.bu hay Picture Co .• Inc. lxxxv Macondray & Co. (Singaloni:c Subdivision) . . . xxiii Madlangawa·Fash1on Tatlormg lxxxv111 Maixon Alv; Weill . lxxxv Malate Gau.ge &. Auto Repair Jxxii Malig Electrical ....... . Maluenda y Cia. ... , . . . . . . . . xcv Manalo's Auto Supply, Inc. . . Jxxxv Manigbas Auto Supplies lxxxvii Manila Auto Repairs . . . . . . Lxxxvi Manila Col. of Ph11r. & Dent. xxxviii Manila Electric Co. . . . . . . . . . . . ix Manila Gas Corporation xx vii & lvii Manila Harn('SS Co . . . , . . . . . Jxxxv Manila Hat Store- & Factory lxxxii Manila Hotel . . . . . . . liv Manila J ockcy Club . . . . xxviii Manila Oxy-Acetylene . . .. , lxxxviii. Manila Plastic, Wood. & Cem. . . xlviii Ma nila P lumbing Company . . . . . . lix Manila Railroad Company . . . . . xxxii Manila Remna nt Co., Inc., The . . xii Manila Sash Fact.ory . . . . . . . . lxxviii Manila Shell Art.s Works . . . . . lxxxvi Manila Steam Laundry . . . . . . . . Ixxxv Manila Supply ... , . . . . . . . . . . . Ix.xx Manila IOc and 20c Store . . . . . xlviii Manila Trading & Supply Co. . . xxxi Mnrfll Motor Replacement Co. . lxxvii Marsman & Co., Inc. xx.xviii Mayon Dyes . xcili Mayon El~tric lxxxv McGuire & Utinsky , , . . lxxxi ?rtenzi & Co .. Inc. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . lx Metropolitan Theater Company . . xcii Moga Auto Supply . . . . , . . . . . . lxxxv Monte de Piedad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lxviii Moonlight Studio ..... , . . . . . . lxxxviii Moreno Electric . , . . . lxxxvii Mountain Uakery . ... , , Jxxx Mountain Supply Store Iv Murphy Co., J. A, . . . . . . . . 1 N, & D. Stahle Co., Inc. Jxxviii Nakpil, Juan F . . . . . . .. . .. . . . xcii Naseor, Inc.. K. . . . . . bii National Ad\.·erti!>inK . . . . . . . . . . xeiv National ElectricaJ Supply . . . . . Jxii National University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ii N estle & Anglo-Swiss Milk Co. xxxvi Ne w Ideal Studio . . . . . . . . . . . xciii New Manila . . . .. . . .. . .. .. . . .. xliv Nippon Bazaar . . . . . . lxxi Occidental Hardware Co., Inc. . Ixxvii Olan's Electric Shop . . . . . . . . . lxxxvii Oriental Furniture. Inc. . lxxxiv & xcv Oriental Saw Mill . • . .. . . . . . . . . • . . 1 Oriente Hotel ... , , ... , ....... . · lxxii Osaka Ba.zar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lv Ow Yong Pun Shek . . . . . . . Ixxx Oxy-Acetylene Welding . . . . . . . . . . Iv P . P. Gocheco-GO -Sing Goe Co . . )xiv Pacific Commercial Co. . . . . . . . . . xxvi Palace Studio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lxxxvi Pampanga Bua Co., Inc. . . . . . . . . xix Panciteria Far Eastern-Hotel . . xcii Parpana Machinery & Welding Ixxxvi P arsons Hardware Co., Inc. . . lxxxiii Pa.gay Trans portation Co., Inc. xxxiv Pellicer & Co., Inc., Manuel . . . . lvi People's Shoe Co. . . , . , . . . . . . . . lxv Philippine Aerated WatPr Fat':troy xcv Philippine Bfll Factory . . . . . . . . xlix Philippine Carnival Association xxx Philippine Designing School . . . lxxxi Philippine Engineering Co. . . . . . xiv Philippine Land Improvement Co. xxxv Philippine Law School ... ' . . . . Jxxxii P hilippine Mlltch Com pany, Ltd. . . xi Philippine Manufacturing Co. . . xxiv ;~~~p~~~e & MB:!~d s:r~~ c:; i~~:. 0lx~~ Philippine Refining Co. . . . . . . . . . lxi P hilippine Wom~n's CoUeg-e . . . . ::ii:xl Photo Ffoiabinsr Corporation • • . • lxxii OUR ADVERTISERS ARE INVESTORS-GIVE THEM RETURNS Pineda & Ampil Mf~. Co., Inc. Pineda &: Co., M. PaSEe . lxix b:xKv Pines Uazaar . . . . . Plaza Hotel ... Porta, Pul':> y Cin. ?ortillo's Hat Store Presby & Co.. S. A. . .. )>ujaltt', Mistuel, S. en C. Punsalan Tailoring Purity Candy Kitchen tluiazon, J R.cint-0 & Co. lx::.:x . lii bx xch· , . lxiv . . . )X\'i ... b:xxvii . . . lxxxi xcvi Radio Supply & Service Co .. Ramirez Co., Domin~o E. Rex Shirt Fat'tory lnc. ::o;;vi lxxxvi l"xxvi Reyes & Co., Florencio Reyes, Geronimo de los ....... . Reyes, Lorenzo C., Dr. ( Katiali.s) neyno~ri & Son, Emilio lxxx xxxvi xxxv ]X~IX Rl•lto St••dio Rio y Olabarrieta . Ix xvi b:x::.:v Rizal Iled Factory, The Rosendo Dychauco • . .. . . Roxas y Compaftfa Rl!ssell, C. . . . xcv I xix xliv S. Arellano Choa Siong . . xcvi Salandanan. Tomns Z. lxxxvii Snmanillo, Luis Perez , xiii San Beda College . . . , . . !'l:x.xix Snn Francisco del Monte lix San Juan Heh:thts Addition , .3rd Cover 5an Mi<?uel Brewery xx San Miirnel Dairy F11.rm Jxx~·i Santa Mesa Dairy Farm lxxxix SAnto T ornae University Ix Santo9. F. . . . . . . . . . . . . . lxxxix Say Kim Chien<? & Uros. . ::.:civ School of Household lndu;oit ries xciii Senit Kee & Company lxxh: Simeon 0. Suan . . . . . . . . . . . xxxv Sin Hwa Hat & Umbrella Fy. Jxxxvi So Put Co. . .. .. .. . .. .. . . . lxxviii Socony·Vaeuum Corporation i Soliman, R ...•........... , . xciii Solioni;rko &: Co., Dalmacio . . . . h::xvi Solocan Development Co., Ltd. . . lxv Star Ricycle Store , .. , . lxxv Star Engraving . . , . , . . . . . . lvi Suburban Theatres, Inc. lxxiii Sulit Hermanoa . . . . b:xxvl Syyap, Pedro liv Tae:uibao'a Hat & Reptile Fact. TAkahashi & Co., lnc. . . Taller de Maria no Ramon Jao Taller de Gera rdo C. Cruz Taller de Dioni.~io Pebiloiia. Taller de Jose Sanchez TaUer de L. Fiirneroa .. Taller de Valentin Sunico .. TaHer de Anacleto de Leon Talleres de M. D. Celis Tan C. Tee & Co. . . . . .. Tan Gatue. Alejandro P .. Tantoco. HilR.rion . .. .. . . .. ·Jvi .. Ji Jxxxvii . Jxvli .. xiv . . lxxi lxxxv lxxxix Iv lxlUCii Jxxxiv bx xvi Tay Shing Hardware Co. , . . Te::.:u Co .. (P. I. ), Inc., The lxxix xciv I vii xcvi Tokyo Grocery . . . . . . . Tong Cheong Son Co. Tuason l! HijoS, C. Tuason & Sampedro, Inc. Universal Photo Service Univeuity Tailoring .. . Uy Hoo &: Company . . . Jxj . ..... xi Jxix . . . .. . . I . .. luxiii lxxxiv Valeriano Auto & Elec. Sehl. . . . xciii Varadero de la Quinta .... , . )xviii Varadero de San Miguel . . . h:x::dv Vfcente. Maximo . . . txxvii Victoria Studio . . . . . . . . . . . lxxxv Victorias Milling Co., Inc. . . . . lnlv Vitejl'elmann. Schroeder & Co., Inc. lviii Villeg-aa Tranaporfation, S. H . . xcli V iuda e HU011_de Oniz Jiac Kim xciv V05rue Bea uty & Ba rber Shop . . Jiv Vulcano Er.gineering Co. . . . . . . b:viii Warner Dam es & Co., Ltd. . . xvii• Washington Cold Stores, Inc. , . b:xxiv Wuhini;:-ton Hotel, The . . . . . . . . . xlvii Weinstein Brothers . . . . . . . . . . . lvi Weat and Whitaker ..... , . . . . . . . lix WHtttn Chemical and DruP. Co. xciv Western Equipment & Supply Co. xiv Whoopee Cabaret . . Jxxvii Wise & Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii Yangco, T eodoro R. . . . . . . . lxvii Yee Wing .. . . . . .. . ... .. .. .. .. xciv Yek Hua Trading Co .. poration l:ii::xv Yek Tonir Lin Ins. Co., Ltd lk."t Ynchausti & Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii· Yu Cong Eng & Co. . .. . . . . ._ . l:niz Yucuanae~ Drug Co. . . . . lxiii Zigzacr Hou-I . . . . . . .. . . . _ . . xlis Zuemr. F . E. • • · ~ . .• . • , . ...... xlvi Zuluu;a y Erquiaga ... . . . . . , . . .~evi January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT ~MPLOYEE CENTRAL AZUCARERA DE BATS........... Bais, Negros Oriental Capacity ....... 2,500 Tons Per Day II GREETINGS ii CENTRAL AZUCARERA DE TA RLAC........ San Miguel, Tar lac Capacity....... 5,000 Tons Per Day _ General Managers: COMPANIA GENERAL DE TABACOS DE FILIPINAS 212 Marquez de Comillas Tel. 2-25-81 In answering advertisements please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. xxv xx vi THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 So Many Uses for IVORY Soap! "Dust and germs cannot compete with Ivory-Clean", declares one enthusiastic Ivory booster One of the prize -winning IVORY SOAP letters "JVORY Soap holds first place fo1· personal cleanliness. Although it may not be true that all clean bodies are healthy, yet all healthy bodies are clean. This was my mother's belief and practice, so she used Ivory Soap to cleanse us and our belongings, with such frequency and regularity that it never occurred to any of her family to do otherwise. "CLEAN bodies call for clean clothing-clothing that smells clean, looks clean and is clean because it is washed with a pure white soap that does not stain, does not make the clothing harsh, nor wear it out. Use Ivory Soap for launderingWe do. "Father said he was the family Columbus who discovered that a bit of Ivory Soap and a damp cloth on spots saved many a cleaner's bill. Be that as it may, Ivory is the dry cleaner, rather the damp cleaner which saves our family so many cleaners' bills-an important item in a family where there is a professional man who must be kept spotless. Use Ivory for cleaning spots -We do. "Washing dishes....,..what a problem! Make a warm suds of Ivory, put in your dishes, they wash easily and quickly this way. Then rinse and dry. It's easy, it's quick, it's safe. Try Ivory for all kitchen tasks-We do. " 'Save the surface and you save all', believe many. Clean and )seep clean the surface of all your furniture, your doorknobs and everything in the way of household equipment that children touch, and you are saving the fall],ily in health. Continue to enjoy your reputation as a good housewife and a careful mother by wiping off your furnishings with Ivory. then follow with a dry cloth. Dust and germs cannot compete against Ivory-clean. Try it-We do .1 "Do you clean your teeth with Ivory? Clean teeth with soap, you say! Not just soap-with IVORY. It's so mild, and it really cleans away the early morning taste, and cleans the gums and teeth. It's safe, healthful and refreshing. After using rinse with cold water. Use Ivory on your toothbrush. We do! Yours sincerely, "MILDRED RUMBOLD." IVORY SOAP 99-44/ 100% Pure "It Floats" Buy Ivory Soap from your dealer! The large size Ivory cake for laundry, household uses and the bath; the dainty "Guest" cake for face.and hands. When writing to advertisers please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE ''Those good old days!'' I'll heat water with ~'INS7}~~ {~~~~.~.J The Modern Way A LOT of us recall those clays and they don't present any "fond recollections" either. Heating water for a hot bath in those 'good old clays' was nothing short of a job. Those clays are gone ... except for those who still think the old way:; are best ... and these are becoming fewer. With the modern GAS WATER HEATER all you have to do is turn on the ga::i and water and go to it. No trouble, no wait, and all the hot water you want just when you want it and as hot as you want it. The prices are reasonable, with generous discount for cash, or liberal terms to those \Vho desire terms. The "PICCOLO" GAS water heater illustrated is popular for the average family. Come in and see the various other types; let us arrange to install one for you. MANILA GAS CORPORATION Display Room Regina Building Do you mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE ? Please xxvii xx viii THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 COMPLIMENTS OF MANILA JOCKEY CLUB Announcement The Manila Jockey Club will hold horse race on the 5th, 22nd, 26th, 27th and 28th of the coming month of February, the last three days being denominated Ofici ales". "Carreras Anuncio La ''Manila Jockey Club" celebrara carreras de caballos, los dias, 5, 22, 26, 27 y 28 del proximo mes de Febrero siendo las de los ultimas tres dias las llamadas carreras oficiales. Jn an•werinir advertisements please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE To counteract salary cuts and the after effects of the Reorganization Plan. The wise employee merely adjusts his mode of Jiving thru ca1·cful stud:; of the prevailing new low prices-you can bet your last cent families of Government employees SA VE more nowadays because they insist on ESCO and no other. Good shoes you have been accustomed to buy at P8 or P12 can be had today at from P4 to P5.80! Smart to look at, a comfort to wear, snug in fit, and priced right-that's ESCO, everybody's favorite shoe! ESCO SHOE STORES 615 Escolta and 333 Legarda Don't forget to mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. xx ix xxx THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 Here it comes at last! The Greatest Annual Eve.nt In the Orient 1933 CARNIVAL AND EXPOSITION February 4 to 19 Second Horticultural Show A Wonderful Toy and Novelty Exhibit Interesting Livestock Fair Extensive Provincial Exposition Music Band Concerts These are but a few of the features of this year's big festival. So, get the Carnival Spirit! THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE . J~.nuary, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE The Pride of the The Motorists' HighwayFriend There is no other car these days that will answer the transportation needs most creditably .. . that will afford the mrner endless satisfaction . . . on the high\\·ays and by-ways ... better than a FORD V-8. consideration . . . the smart design , rugged construction, comfortable riding and unsurpassed dependabilit~· form a complement that makes the FORD V-8 a peer in its class ... a big money saver . . . the true friend of the motorist! The low initial cost and surprisingly economical maintenance are a prim~ Another important angle in the ownership of a car is ifs servicing. Ford owners are always assured of genuine Ford service in every way wherever they may be, from Aparri to Zamboa.nga ... genuine Ford parts are available any1ch rrc at a nry small co.~t ... there i.~ no time lost and therefore money saved. There's contentment in Ford ownership. Ask for a demonstration from your nearest dealer. BRING YOUR OLD CAR OR TRUCK We will accept your old car or truck 3~ainst the purchase of a new Ford. Please bring it to our showroom for appraisal. "After We Sell We Serve" TUNE IN: For Se1·vice Radio Program every Tuesday and Saturday from 7 :45 to 8 :00 P. M. over KZRM, Radio Manila. MANILA TRADING & SUPPLY COMPANY Main Office and Display Room: Port Area (Malecon) MANILA xx xi xxxii THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 Our Baguio-Ilocos Express and La Union Express carry dining cars for first and third class passengers. Meals are prepared and served by the Manila Hotel. Try them. Prices are moderate. Ask for the Menu and you will surely like the dishes. Dining aboard our Express Trains is an experience you will genuinely enjoy. In addition to food that glad· den< the journey you will find the Dining Car a delightful place to chat with companions, to sip your choice drinks, to smoke your favorite cigars, or to glory in the full clear "·ision of a beautiful scenery. Three express trains leave Manila every day for San Fernando, La Union~:55 A. M., 8:00 A. M. and I:rn P. M. All express trains are provided with Bus connections at Damortis for the City of Baguio. Round trip tickets are issued at reduced prices, good for 120 days. Bus connections at San Fernando 9 La Union, are made with the Northern Luzon Transportation for the Ilocos Provinces up to Laoag. Not Merely Travel When you plan a trip, either on business or pleasure, consider the means of transportation as carefully as you consider your journey. Look for Comfort, Safety, and Dependable Means of TransportationThese are found in MANILA RAILROAD coaches, which are provided with all travel conveniences. TWF.NTY·FOUR HOUR GARAGE SERVICE Our gara~e facilities in Baguio are complete. Closed cars or the latest models and of different types are available to suit our patrons' convenience. For sight-seein~ and excursion trips within the City or to distant points. our Garage in Baguio is best prepared to sen·e the traveling public. Go to Bontoc and from there to Banaue and Kiangan through the Ifugao country of striking contrast•. See the famous rice terraces classed among the won· ders of the world. Accommodations in hotels and rest houses iire excellent. Our Garage Rates Are Very Reasonable SMALL CARS CAN BE HIRED AT 50 Centavos per trip. For further information inquire at the orfices of the Benguet Auto Line in Baguio. Tels. 250 and 901 Manila Railroad Colllpany Mention this magazine, please, in responding to advertisements. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE LEGASPI GARDEN "OUR MOTTO IS TO SA TIS FY" Coolest place in Manila-No doors!-We never close! Between Pier 7 and Manila Hotel SPECIAL CURB SERVICE Drive to the curb---Toot your Horn-A Courteous Waiter will Serve You in your Car. Mint Juleps Made from Mint Grown on the Spot OUR LUNCH COUNTER The longest in the Far East. Unexcelled light lunches and fancy dishes. Coffee that is good to the last drop. Pies, Cakes and doughnuts, like mother used to make. You will like "Legaspi Garden"---cool, comfortable. A wonderful view of the bay and its sunset. SPECIAL TABLES FOR LADIES OUR SODA FOUNTAIN Is the most up-to-date in Manila. Only the purest of syrups and fresh fruits used. We Serve Magnolia Ice_ Cream in any flavor, brick or bulk. Special Service to Automobile Parties. Information regarding City or Provinces gladly given. Legaspi Garden is a cool and enjoyable retreat, day or night. DANCING EVERY EVENING Special Also COMPLETE LINE OF CHOICE LIQUORS AND BEERS Attention Dinners, to Provincial Banquets and COCKTAILS, PUNCHES, RICKEYS, FIZZES Parties Teas U.S. AND P.I. CIGARS AND CIGARETTES ALL BRANDS During February we hope you will remember to mention this maaazine. xxxiii xxxiv THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 STOCKHOLM (SWEDEN) THE BEST THE WORLD PRODUCES 6 H. P.-60 H. P. SIZES CARRIED in STOCK FOR IMMEDIATE DELIVERY Send For Prices And Catalogues Heavy Duty Crude Oil Marine Engines The Earnshaws Docks & Honolulu Iron Works 110 Second Street Exclusive Agents RIDE IN A ''P ASAY" BUS IF YOU GO A~YWHERE IN MANILA, RIZAL OR CAVITE, TAKE THE RED BUSES AND ENJOY RAPID, COMFORTABLE AND SAFE Transportation COURTEOUS EMPLOYEES Maniln P ASAY TRANSPORTATION CO., INC. Manila Office: 55 Alejandro VI Tel. 2-26-28 Manila Main Office: Tambo, Paraiiaque Tel. 5-76-64 Rizal Kindly mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE in responding to advertisements. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE xxxv DR. NORBERTO ANACLETO Dr. LORENZO C. REYES, Manila, Orion, Bataan, P. I. This is to prove to you and to the public that I contracted ECZEMA on almost all parts of my body and nothing cured me except the KA TIA LIS within the twenty days that I suffered from the skin disease. So from August, 1931, I have been recommending to everybody the use of the KATIALIS on all SKIN DISEASES. Truly yours, (Sgd.) DR. NORBERTO ANACLETO. This letter is one of the many testimonials we have received which speak of the result of using the KATIALIS. The KATIALIS has cured many persons of skin diseases such as PRICKLY, HEAT, DHOBIE ITCH, SARNA, ECZEMA, BLISTER, GRAINS OF THE FACE including those which appear after shaving, PIMPLES, WHITE SPOTS, FRECKLES, BOILS, ABSCESSES, ANTHRAX, DANDRUFF, CHAFE, all kin.els of WOUNDS, ULCERS, etc., and it will completely relieve you from suffering if you give it a chance. The KA TIALIS also cleans and beautifies the face, and it is a quick remedy for "SOBAQUINA'' (bad smell from the armpit) and mosquito bites, bedbugs, fleas, chicken lice and small insects. · Ask for KAT/ALIS at your drugstore or use the coupon below. DR. LORENZO C. REYES, 405 San Lazaro, Manila. Enclosed please find 1'1.20 for which send me one jar of KATIALIS. Name ......... .. . . . . .... .. .. .. .. . .. . ....... . Address ....•. . .... . · .. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · THIS BEAUTIFUL HOUSE Was Sold to Mr. Melecio de Jesus We can construct for you a house like this on a lot of 1,000 sq. m. in Rizal Avenue Hills. It will only cost you P800.00 down payment, the balance payable at the rate of P85.00 a month. For further information call up Philippine Land Improvement Co. Third Floor, Insular Life Building Plaza Cervantes, Manila Telephone 2-14-57 ENAMELS- PAINTS-OILS- VARNISHES For Quality Ask "RADIO" & SILLERS TELEPHONES 2-21-46 & 2-21-47 P. 0. BOX 2527 CABLE ADDRESS "SOSUAN" MANILA SIMEON 0. SUAN DEALER OF Hardware, Paints, Plumbing & Electrical Supply 324-326 ECHAGUE MANILA Please say you saw it in THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE maiazine. xxxvi THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 THE NAT.URAL MILK FOOD "LACTOGEN" is pure, fresh, full-cream milk, with extra cream and natural milk sugar added, made germ-free and dried by "Lactogen" processes which also preserve unchanged the valuable mineral and vitamin content of the raw fresh milk. "Lactogen" is thus made, in all important respects, exactly like breast milk. Even the most delicate baby can take "Lactogen" as his sole food from birth. Nestle & Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Co. Z P. 0. Box 538, l\lanila I enclosed 10 centavos in stamps for which please send me a sample tin of "LACTOGEN." Name . . ..... . . . .. .. . . ...... . . . . • . • . ... Address Ideal Office Rooms for BUSINESSMEN a n d PROFESSIONALS The Geronim9 de los Reyes Building "QUEEN OF MANILA'S SKYSCRAPERS" M ARKING another milestone in the architectural and building progress of Manila's business district. Now Available-Rooms of all sizes to suit your particular need. Well lighted and ventilated with all modem conveniences. Centrally Located with entrances on Plaza Cervantes and Dasmariiias Elevator Service for 24 hours Plenty of Parking Space on Dasmariiias and Plaza Cervantes Apply or write: Room No. 211 Telephone No. 2-10-20 January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE xxxvii FARRE ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT COMPANY MANUFACTURERS' REPRESENTATIVES & BUILDING SUPPLY DEALERS DEPARTMENT Offers to our Building Public: ADENSITE-Liquid-Integral, used in gauging water on concrete to water-proof, in mass, plaster or stucco; hardens, densifies and dust-proofs all concrete work. LIGNI-SALVOR-"Best Wood Preserver." An oily penetrating wood preservative, anay-and rotproof that does not peel, blister, crack or wash off. Applied by brush, spray or dipping. COLORUNDUM-Dry powder, cement colorant, applied to cement finishes and floors, of non-fading, non-slipping, water-proofing and hardening qualities, of ceramic tile appearance and beauty. MAFTEX-A thermal insulatiug Fiber-Board, offering great structural strength and plaster-bond, slow burning properties, sterile insect-proof and accoustical qualities. FIBERLIC-Pressed Fiber-Board, of extreme lightness, strength and durability. CRAFTEX-A water-mixed Plastic Paint for texture surfaces for wall board, plaster, water color, concrete, brick and cinder block walls. Then sized and colored as desired. CEMCOA T PAINTS-Paints for all purposes, for interiors and exteriors, decorates and damp-proofs wallsurfaces, applied on concrete, brick, stone, plaster or stucco, wood or metal surfaces. Comes in all standard colors. Applied by brush or spray. WILSON VENETIAN BLINDS-Of Wood or Aluminum for exterior or interior needs, with interior controlled Ventilation and Light movements. · Write or call on us for your Building Needs- We will be glad to serve. MAIN OFFICE & SHOW ROOMS SHOPS & WAREHOt:SE Crystal Arcade Bldg., Escolta P. 0. Box 2738, Manila.-Tel. 2-33-24 CABLE ADDRESS: "FAENDECO" PURE CRYSTAL CLEAR 4 7 Cristobal, Paco ASSOC IA TED OIL COMP ANY You mentioned THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE? We thank you. -1 I I I xxxviii THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 SOCONY GASOLINE STATION Greasing, cleaning cars. Vulcanizing tubes Repairing punctures. FREE AIR FREE WATER Best assorted Stock of Fisk Tires. Responsible & careful attention. Operated by MARSMAN & CO., INC. BAGUIO HEIDENIA KEROSENE STOVES Most economical consumption of Kerosene. Free from all danger of fire or explosion. No wick, pump or preheater required. Noiseless & odourless, simple in operation. Demonstrated at our office at Stewart Building. MARSMAN & CO., INC. BAGUIO Do you wish to study in the College of Pharmacy best known in the islands because of the ability, efficiency, and experience of its already numerous graduates? All the former presidents of the Board of Pharmaceutical Examiners and Inspectors including the present incumbent, are graduates of this College. The prominent Filipino manufacturers of patented medicines, like Delfin Santos Ocampo, Primo Arambulo, Rosalina Ongkiko (Rosel), etc., are our alumni. The greatest number of pharmacists serving provincial hospitals are from this College. Our graduates are efficient professionals and prominent citizens in their respective localities. Do you wish to study in a college whose foremost professors have almost twenty years of experience in teaching and have - had special experience in the subje~ts they teach? Do you wish to study in a college which does not charge special fees for laboratory facilities and which gives students equipment free of charge'7 Study in the Manila College of Pharmacy. Do you wish to study in a College of Dentistry whose graduates because of the thoroughness of instruction given them and because of their efficiency in the work, all pass the Board Examinations? Study in the Manila College of Dentistry. Do you wish to study in a institution, which in the celebration of its College Day, not only returns the balance of the money collected from the sale of tickets to its students in proportion to their respective amounts of sale but also spends actually for prizes and a number of other tilings? Study in the Manila College of Pharmacy and Dentistry Corner Felix Huertas and Mayhaligue Please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE when writing to advertisers. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE Compliments of SAN BEDA COLLEGE - lif + ·1 ' J - 'l Ask lor free Catalogue SAN BEDA COLLEGE xxxix E. Mendiola, San Miguel MANILA P. 0. Box 2227 THE ACME FILMS, INC. 2215 AZCARRAGA AGENTS and DISTRIBUTORS FOR TALKING MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT RADIO-TIFFANY and PATHE PRODUCTIONS OPERA TING THE RADIO THEATRE Watch For Announcements of these Coming Releases HELL'S HIGHWAY . with Richard Dix and Tom Brown A Stirring Tale of the Prison Road Gangs "DEVOTION" "ROCK-A-BYE" "KING KONG" "SECRETS OF THE FRENCH POLICE" Do you mention this magazine when writing to advertisers? Please do. xi THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 P2,000.00 IN. CASH PRIZES Pl,440.00 IN TEXT BOOKS HOW TO ENTER THE CONTEST (a) Buy a PASS for fi admissirins to either Savoy or Tivoli 'Theaters for only ONE PESO with COUPON F ree. (PASSES may be bought from our store or from our salesmen.) This PASS will entitle the holder to any seat (Balcony or General Admission) at either Savoy or Tivoli Theaters, in addition to the privilege of entering the contest, anrl a 5'/o discount on fu~ tur~ purchases from 521 Echague f'144.00 worth of "DORIC" Fountain Pens INAUGURAL CALCULATING CONTEST From 10 a. m. December 4, 1932 to 8 p. m. February 28, 1933 Everybody's credit is good with us. Come and open your credit. We are open till 8 :00 p. m. daily except Sunday. We have a fresh stock of everything you need-hams, canned goods, fruits, etc. We have also school supplies. Everything at the lowest possible price. BUY FROM US AND SAVE! CITY GROCERY HOW TO ENTER THE CONTEST our store during the contest. (b) Make a Cash purchase of 1'10.00 worth of merchandise from the "CITY GROCERY" and obtain a COUPON for the contest and a PASS for 4 admissions to eith~r Savoy or Tivoli Theaters FREE. Coupons must be deposited in our deposit box at the "CITY GROCERY", 521 Echague. Coupons must bear the full name and address of th., owner and the exact time and date they were deposited. Manila Telephone 2-69-83 IMPORTANT: A pass holder will be admitted 5 times or 5 persons at one time. Encourage Philippine Industry By buying the products of Philippine Factories "MA YON" Stoves are designed to meet the requirements of Philippine cookery. Mayon stoves use any kind of fuel; and are: ECONOMICAL-PRACTICAL DURABLE C. TUASON E HIJOS, INC. Manufacturers of Cement Tiles and Mayon Stoves. Office: 1174 Factory: 1182 Malate Manila Please remember to mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. J 5-71-29 Tels. I 5-44-20 January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE COLEGIO DE SAN JUAN DE LETRAN 1630-PIONEER OF FILIPINO ENLIGHTENMENT AND CULTURE-1933 Founded and Conducted by Spanish Dominican Fathers RECOGNIZED BY THE GOVERNMENT All Instructions In English Modern and Complete Laboratories OFFICIAL COURSES: SPECIAL COURSES: High SchoolElementary SpecialPreparatory Medicine and Law leading to A. A. Obligatory: Religion - Spanish - Military Science under the direction of Major Vicente Lim, P. S., with real guns and elegant 1;1niforms. OPTIONAL: Music - Painting Drawing - Stenography - Typewriting. We furnish comfortable and well-equipped rooms for boarders and half-boarders at moderate rates. I ASK FOR FREE CATALOGUE I Phone 2-39-91 P. 0. Box 146 MATRICULATION OPENS MONDAY, MAY 22nd CLASSES BEGIN JUNE 5th, 1933 TUITION FEES PRIMARY First Grade .. Second Grade . .. .... . . .... . ... . . Third Grade ... . Fourth Grade (with certificate) INTERMEDIATE Fifth Grade .. . . . . . .. . .. ... . . . . . Sixth Grade . . . . . . .... . . ... . . .. . . Seventh Grade (with certificate) . . . p 47.00 47.00 47.00 52.00 p 60.00 60.00 65.00 SECONDARY First Year . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . Second Year . .. . . . ... . . . . . .. . .. . Third Year _ . . . . . . . . .. . ... . Fourth Year (without diploma) COLLEGIATE First Year Pre-Law ... . . .. . .. . . . Second Pre-Law (without diploma) Second Year Pre-Med. (without diploma . . .. . ... .. .. .. . . . . .. . . . _ These amounts include tuition, military drill, athletics, library and College magazine. p 80.00 84.00 95.00 100.00 , 80.00 90.00 140.00 Other expenses: Entrance fee Pl0.00 (for new Students only), cadet uniform, books, diplomas, certificate of graduation, breakage, etc. Boarders (in addition to the above fees)-P480.00. This amount includes board and lodging, light, water and baths, mail an.d ordinary assistance of doctor and medicine. Half-Boarders (in addition to the tuition fee)-P240.00. This amount includes only breakfast, dinner and lunch (merienda) on all regular school days. Do you mention this macazine when writing to advertisers? Please do. xii xiii THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 VVORLD'S LOVVE.ST SUBJECTED TO SENSATIONAL SLASHINGS PRICES OUR F AM 0 U S RADIO READING TABLE LAMPS many different shapes and d e s i g n s . Values up to PIS.00. 57 piece irreen irlass Dinner set, 6 dinner plates, 6 Bread plates, 6 Cups, G Saucers, 6 Salads, 6 Sherherts, 6 Berry, 6 Glasses, 1 Butter, 1 Sugar, 1 Preserver, 1 Creamer, 1 Pitcher, l~L ft VALUE P18.00-NOW r9.75 NOW P3.75 and up. Sugar Bowl, Butter Dish, Creamer (Green Glass) Value P2.00 -NOWBridge Lamps Wonderful Assortment Values P7.00 23 Piece Tea Set Pl.98 10 DESIGN Floral, Yellow Tan, Cottage, Blue Bird, Three Flowers, Tan Border, Scenic, Sun Flower, Violet, Two Flowers. ~ ~ 98C. ~IU1 '(fjJJ 7 PIECE Berry or Salad Set (Green Value P2.00 ·-NOW98c. THOUSANDS AND CO-OPERATIVE SYSTEM SALES CO. THOUSANDS OF Leaders and Originators of Low Prices. OTHER BARGAINS 2 STORES-642-46 RIZAL-66-68 ESCOLTA NOW - 'IJ1•rfJW. ·'" \\: . ""'·'/ ·' '!O'lti P3.75 Glass) SPECIAL 49C. Colgates Shaving Cream Palmolive Shaving Creams Not over 2 to a Customer DR. WEST'S famous TOOTH PASTE OUR 19 Regular SOc PRICE C. NOT OVER 2 TO A CUSTOMER Kindly mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE in responding to advertisements. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE El Oriente~La Prueba -Fabricas de TabacosP. 0. Box 590 732 Evangelista Telephone 2-14-88 Manufacturers of all the popular shapes Packed under renowned labels. COMPLIMENTS of CENTRAL AZUCARERA DEL NORTE 203-4 Cu-Unjieng Building, Escolta Manila You mentioned THE GOVERNMENT EMl'LOYEE? We thank you. Tel. 2-16-68 xii ii xliv THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 Broad-minded Employers I This is the smart !tome of Don J'vlanuel Earushaw, President, Tfro al Blanco, /i'o-rmer Commissioner to H'ashington, a.nd who today is a prominent 1l1anilfL bwdnessman. NINE REASONS for the superiority of standard, cast-in-place RAYMOND CONCRETE PILES 1. They are tapered. 2. They are protected with a reinforced sheet steel shell, which retains the driving resistance. 3. The driving r~istance created is wholly maintained. 4. The form in which the pile is cast may be inspected from tip to top. 5. Obstructions displaced during driving cannot be forced back into the concrete by back pressure. As well as a considerable number of employees-who for years had been paying rents and until recently owned not even small houses they could c31l their own, are now living in beautiful homes which they pay rent-like monthly installments and which will become theirs in the near future-You'll see many of them in NEW MANILA (THE ARISTOCRATIC SUBURB) Other reasons :-Unquesti"nably the healthiest suburb; high land, constant health-giving br•cze, blowing constantly from the sea and the tall shade trees, clean wide roads and all modern city conveniences, such as-Electric Light, Telephone, City water, Artesian water, Church, Colleges, Schools, market, etc. THERE'S NO WISER CHOICE FOR YOUR . FUTURE HOME! JUAN YSMAEL & 348 Echague, Manila Tel. 2-23-40 LOADING TEST General Agents ONE RAYMOND CONCRETE PILE PHILIPP!itr" GOVERNMENT CAPITOL BU1LOING GROUP CD., Inc. Sunday and Holidays Call Tel. 6-87 -25 G. The concrete in the sheH retains its moisture contents and by means of the protective covering no extraneous materia] or defect can affect the setting of the concrete. 7. The tops of the piles are clean cut and 100% effective. 8. They may be jetted without loss of cross section, and then driven. 9. SPEED,-require only a single operation by the driver. C. RUSSELL-PHILIPPINE REPRESENTATIVE Room 519, Insular Life Building, Manila, P. I. Please remember to mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE B.P.W. Makes Test of Dry Cells ...... and here is the result! DRY CELL "A" DRY CELL "B" 119 hours 226 hours HELLESEN'S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262 hours THIRTY SIX HOURS more than its nearest competitor! And the test was for continuous use with no opportunity to demonstrate its exceptional recuperative powers. It is a decidedly interesting test for those who want greater dry cell economy. WESTERN EQUIPMENT 117-125 T. Pinpin Tel. 2-24-67 We have a full stock of these long-lived cells ready for you. We get regular shipments to insure the minimum 'shelf deterioration', in itself a guarantee of longer life. If you use dry cells for any purpose, get HELLESEN'S. They make economy effective. & SUPPLY COMPANY P. 0. Box 2985 Manila ANNOUNCEMENT We have newly installed a modern machinery for manufacturing iron-windows, door, fences with decorations, and all steel materials for house purposes. Any designs desired, at moderate prices. See us before you go to others. You are welcomed. TALLER DE HERRERIA DE DIONISIO PABJLOi"tA All iron-railings, windows, doora in this beautiful Arcade Bldg. have been supplied by ua. 711-713 Elcano, Tondo Tel. 4-99-06 Sometime during the month of March this shop will move to its new building on Reina Regente, Binondo, just opposite the City Pound. During February we hope you will remember to mention this maaa~iDe. xiv xlvi THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 Solue the Perpetual Problem. of Continuous Bu-qinq IN DURABILITY STRENGTH LASTING AND EXCELLENT WEARING-QUALITIES NOTHING EQUALS CLOTH NO DOUBT FROM THE l'OL'IT OF SERVICE AND SATISFACTION, JNDL\:'> HEAD V .\Lt: E STANDS FAR ABOVE ANY OTHER F ABRIC IN THE MARK ET TODAY SOLD IN ALL DRY GOODS STORES IN 6 DIFFERENT WIDTHS IN WHITE, AS WELL AS, IN 39 LOVELY COLORS TO MEET DISCRIMINATING TASTES ENGINEERING WORKS THAT SPEAK FOR THEMSELVES! BUILT FOR ETERNITY WITH BEAUTY and ECONOMY Orion River Bridge Bolbok Waterworks Balanga Waterworks Talisay River Bridge P reti! Bridge Cristobal Bridge, Calamba Las Damas Bridge Cafehan River Bridge Atlag River Bridge Tullahan River Bridge, cte. ALL OF THEM BUILT BY The SEVILLA BRIDGE connecting Manila with Mandaluyon, Rizal and leading w Wack Wack Club--One of the outstanding products of the engineering ability of A. J . Salcher. INTERNATIONAL CONSTRUCTION WORKS, INC. A. J. SALCHER S55 F. B. Harrison, Pasay, Rizal General Manager and Supervising Engineer Telephone- 5-17-27 Don t forget to mention tbia maeazine when answerine advertisements. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE xi vii EL SOL MAYOR (MUSIC STORE) P. 0. Box 21 3 546 Rizal Avenue Manila Tel. 2-59-69 W e are specialists in repairing old and new violins for the perfection of their tone and quality. \Ve are selling all kinds of stringed instruments, together with a complete line of accessories for the same; also brass instruments, instrument cases and sheet music at moderate prices. Call on us and be served promptly and to your satisfaction ADRIANO N. M AR IANO Manager FAUSTO M ARTIN Proprietor Washington Hotel BAGUIO OF COURSE . . .. . For an honest-t~i;:oodness vacation. Daguio is t he place; and in BaR"uio there is only one place for you THE WASHINGTON HOTEL the most conven iently located in town a nd the only hotel where you can get 100 cents value f or every peso you s pend 1. MODERATE RATES.- 2. EXCELLENT CUISINE (AME RICAN, F ILIP INO, EUROPEAN AN D CHINESE) .- 3. W F.LL VENT I LATED ROOMS.-4. EVERYTHING C LE AN AND SAN IT ARY.- 5. COURTEOUS AND EFFICIENT SERVICE.- G. TIEAUTIFUL V IEW. For particulara apply to the Manager The Washington Hotel Baguio, Mountain Province P. 0. Box 148 36-A-36-B Session Road ACCLAIMED WITH ENTHUSIASM ~Ll!JJE: ~~ElJm;(QJNJ VIRGINIA The new ALHAMBRA creation BLUE RIBBON Virginia Blend CIGARETTES 20 cigarettes-IO cents-Try them to-day ALHAMBRA CIGAR & CIGARETTE MFG. CO. For the last 36 years the acknowledged leaders in high grade tobacco products. E.E.ELSER INSURANCE OF ALL KINDS 400 Kneedler Building Phone 2· 24· 28 Manila, P. I. Please say you saw it in THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE maga zi11e. xi viii THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 "EL HUGAR FILIPINO" Sociedad Mutua de Construccion y Prestamos Fundada en 1910 PREST AMOS Se anticipa dincro con las mayorcs facilidadcs, reintegrandose las cantidadcs adqniridas por los prestatarios con la madnracion de sus acciones. lntereses--e n Ma nil a 9% Con los prcstamos asi obtcnidos, sc pnedcn adquirir propiedades, edificar casas, rcparar cdificios y librar paetos de retro y otras hipotecas miis costosas. Pidanse infornwcionc.~ en nucstrn Oficinri Central Juan Luna, esquina Muelle de la Industria P. 0. Box No. 105 A. MELIAN, Presidente Manila M. M. RINCON, Gerente Sleep-Comfort-Joy Prices 50% lower than foreign beds Come and get them TRADEMARK: A-B-C BEDS is the answer We also sell Mattress Pillows Mosquito Nets, etc. EC ON 0 Ml C-0 URA 8 LE-8 EAU Tl FU L FINISH OF FINE WELDED TUBINGS Our Beds Are Guaranteed "A-8-C" BED FACTORY CO. 168 Rosario, Manila Lorenzo Alba Uy Manager Tel. 4-88-fl When It Comes To Arts Consult Us! MONUMENTS MAUSOLEUMS STATUES IMAGES WOODEN AND CEMENTED ARTS OUR SPECIALTY An Image you need at Home MODERATE PRICES Manila Plastic, Wooden & Cemented Arts FLA VIANO J. TAG UIBOLOS, Proprietor 948 Bilibid Viej~ Manila, P. I. MANILA lOc and 20c STORE NEW LOCATION-312-314 RIZAL AVE. COME WHAT AND SELECT YOU NEED Kitchen Utensils, Household Goods Toya, etc. BRANCHES 1. 119 BUSTILLOS-SAMPALOC 2. 539 AZCARRAGA-TONDO 3. 180 REAL-INTRAMUROS Carnival Visitors: We. cordially invite you to See our Display Rooms at Our Intramuros Branch. Please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE when writing to advertisers. · January, 1933 THE GrrVERNMENT EMPLOYEE xlix ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS and REPAIRS Motor and Fan Repairs Our Specialty Electrical, Telephone and Radio Supplies of every description. ELECTRICAL SUPPLY CO., INC. 957 Ongpin MANILA Tel. 2-14-58 The World Prefers the Best More So If the Best Costs No More UNCLE SAM Shoe Polish Is Known to the World as the Best. Ask lor it! KUENZLE & STREIFF, INC. Sole Distributors Manila "Your Home Away From Home" Zigzag Hotel BAGUIO, P. I. Rooms with or without bath, hot water runs to all parts of the house. All rooms well lighted and ventilated. An excellent and varied Cuisine, Spotlessly Clean. SPECIAL MONTHLY RA TES The entire staff is at your service from the moment you register. Popular Rates Home Comforts Comfortable Beds at reasonable price! We Manufacture Beds of Different Sizes and Styles We Sell by Wholesale & Retail Philippine Bed Factory 630 Soler Tel. 2-53-90 Manila During February we hope you will remember to mention this magazine. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE The Sun Never Sets On Hammond Tanks OIL GASOLINE MOLASSES STORAGE TANK Manufacturers and Exporters of STEEL TANKS AND STEEL PLATE CONSTRUCTION HAMMOND IRON WORKS 227 Perez Samanillo Bldg. Escolta, Manila J. A. MURPHY CO.-Agents January, 1933 COLEGIO de la CONSOLACION ORIENTAL SAW MILL Under the Direction of the Augustinian Mothers OFFERS Domestic Science, High School, Intermediate and Primary courses, as prescribed by the Government. English is the language in all the curricula. MARIANO R. BARRETTO, Prop. Contractors, Builders and Lumber Dealers Tel. 2-21-63 P. 0. Box 2042 313 Tanduay Manila, P. L AIMS to develop sound judgment and an upright conscience side by side with intellectual training and cultural attainments. Large grounds enclosed by stone walls furnish facilities for daily recreation and wholesome physical development. BOARDERS, Half-Boarders, and Day Scholars are received. For further information apply to THE REVEREND MOTHER SECRETARY 260 San Rafael Manila Tel. 2-50-90 Modern Science Scores Again! GALISATUM (LUNAS GALIS) For effective results against skin diseases like prickly-heat, dhobie-itch, ringworm, boils, chafing, pimples, mange, hong/cong-foot, eczema, forunculosis, dandruff, herpes, acne, etc. ADAPTED FOR THE MOST DELICATE SKIN BOTICA DE STA. CRUZ DR. CARLOS JAHRLING T I J 2-10-29 Plaza Goiti es: I 2-10-33 Manila UNIVERSAL PHOTO SERVICE Official Photographer of the Government Employee Magazine EMILIO MAGLALANG PAotogra.11h.er Kindly mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE in responding to advertisements. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE "NATIONAL UNIVERSITY" Main Building .... 385 Lipa Street, Sampaloc, Manila lntramuros Branch 109 Gral. Luna Street, Intramuros, Manila College of Law 86 Anda Street, lntramuros, Manila OFFERS COURSES LEADING TO: Associate in Arts Bachelor of Arts Bachelor of Science in Education Bachelor of Science in Education with Home Economics major Muter of Art6 in Education AHociate in Commercial Scienu Bachelor of Science in ComDoctor_ of Dent.al Surgery Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering llachc>lor of Laws OFFERS ALSO COURSES IN: Two--Year Collegiate Normal leading to Elementary Teacbel"9' Certificate Preparatory Law Preparatory Medicine Gen~ral Hi~h School Course HiG"h School Home Economica Elementary Course Registration-June 5 to 7, 1933. Opening of classes-Elementary and High School-June 5, 1933. Collegiate-June 5, 1933. Holda Classe11 Duri11g the Long Vacation for· CoUegiat.e Student's, R<'peater!I; in the High SC"hool (in the N. U. onb·), public and private t>chuol teachers. ReE'istration Classes open April 1-17, 1933 April 17, 1933 The NATIONAL liNIVERSITY is the BIGGEST pri· vate institution of learning in the Philippines today. It continuou~ly puts up new buildings every year to adequately house the increasing number of students. For further particulars, or requests for catalog, address the Registrar, National University, Manila. TAKAHASHI & Co., Inc. IMPORTERS & GEN. MERCHANTS 753 TABORA, MANILA PHONE 4-96-19 P. 0. BOX 220 GO HO LIM IMPORTER AND EXPORTER ARMY & NAVY CONTRACTOR We import eggs and other products from China which are sold locally by wholesale or retail. Details are furnished to Pro· spective Buyers. 28 Bazan St., Quiapo Tel. 2-14-81 MANILA P. 0. Box 30 Baguio, P. I. J Bazaar No. 30 Telephones I Garage No. 7 The Japanese Bazaar H. HAYAKAWA General Merchandise GARAGE CARS FOR HIRE Dispensary Household Remedies and Prescription Service All kinds of Toilet Articles Pines Studio Developing & Printing Baguio Views and Photo Supplies Please say you saw it in THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE magazine. Ii Iii THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 COMPLIMENTS Cadwallader Gibson Lumber Co. 63 Nagtahan P. 0. Box 602 OUR COMPLIMENTS TO THE CITY GOVERNMENT USERS of UNION OIL PRODUCTS P. M. BENNETT, INC., SALES AGENT UNION OIL COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA MANILA Baguio Vallejo Hotel EL HOTEL MEJOR SITL\DO Y MA.S CENTRICO EN BAGUIO A precios m6dicus ; se garantiza excelente trato, buena cumida y magnificas y ventiladas habitaciones. Instalaci6n de Agua Caliente y Fria. PRECIOS DE HOSPEDAJE COMPLETO 0 SEA HABITACloN, COMIDA, ETC. HabitaciOn para una persona sola P6.00 por dia Habitaci6n para dos personas a PS.00 por dia cada persona Habitaci6n par a dos personas a Pl20.00 al mes cada persona PRECIOS ESPECIALES PARA F AMILIAS Y NINOS TAMBIEN RECIBIMOS CONTRATAS PARA CONFERENCIAS The Heart and the Happiest Spot of / Plaza Goiti I Manila J Tel. 2-20-15 / PLAZA HOTEL C. Z. CUENCO Owner and Manager We do catering for banquets, etc. It will pay you to trade with us. Accommodations: American plan, per person . . P4.00 daily-up European plan, per person . . 1.50 daily-up Meals: Breakfast . . . . . . . . . . P0.80 per cover Luncheon . . . . . . . . . .80 " " Dinner . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.20 " " Special Filipino, American and European menus prepared on request. Don t forget to .mention this magazine when answering advertisements. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE !iii "RHEINMETALL" TYPEWRITERS are used everywhere. Look for the name and convince yourself of its quality, durability by buying one. JOHN LANDAHL, Inc. Sole Agents Phone 2-17-86 Manila, P. I. 979 Muelle de la Industria NEW . • • I~ Legislative Topics reorganization am! standardizations of pf)sitions and s:i.laries in the Government service will soon be put into effect owing to the depression now being felt everywhere, especially in our industry and in our business. The Bureau of Commerce and Industry has taken the first step toward PROTECTIONISM in urging the general use of our native products by all, from the highest official to the humblest messenger. Nor should this Protectionism reduce to idle words only. It must be put into actual practice by all Government entities and by the general public. We are retailing and wholeselling at very low prices a variety of products manufactured and capitalized by Filipinos, including household necessi ti~s, toilet articles, and medicines. WE SHALL DE PLF.ASED TO HAVE YOU VISIT OUR STORE. Gabriel Chemical Products and Drug Store Manila 1101 Soler Tel. 2-29-91 BETTER! Nothing is like ii before in SHORT WA VE RADIO. The RCA Victor INTRA VARIO Model R 24 for short and standard-wave reception Only Pl 4.25 Monthly No interest Free Trial on Request RCA Victor Co., Inc., International Division, Camden, N. J., U. S. A. General Distributors: ERLANGER & GALINGER, INC. lloilo 601-Escolta-609 Manila Cebu Established 1913 LI SENG GIAP & Co. GF.NF.RAL MERCHANTS rnIPORTERS AND EXPORTERS COMISSIONS. CONSI<:NATIONS & A(;}<;NCIER Hend Offke 129 M. tlc llinondo 1'. 0. !lox :rn;;o TclephotH' -1-9G-60 MA N ILA, P . I. AGENCIES: LONDON . NF.W YOHK CHINA, JAPAN CAHLJ<; ADDRESS "LISENGIAP" CODES: PRIVATE CODES BBNTLEY'S WITH APPENDIX A. B. C. &TH EDITION UNIVERSAL TRADE CODE AND \'OJ.LER'S 12 .FIGURE SY STI-:M ACMg CODE USED BRANCHES LEGASPI, LIGAO & GUINODATAN ALHAY NAGA, NATO, TIGAON, GOA, AND SATIANG SOUTH CAMARINES DAET NORTH CAMARINES RICE MILL NAGA, SOUTH CAMARINES DAET, NORTH CAMARINES ROSALER. PANGASINAN MOTOR VESSEL AND STEAMSHIP OWNERS Bleaches Removes Stains Destroys Odors And Kills Germs CLENZAL For Sak At All Drug And Grocery Stores JOE BUSH CHEMICAL CO. 129 Plaza Sta. Cruz Manila You mentioned THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE? We thank you. !iv THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 COMPLIMENTS OF PEDRO SYYAP Filling Contractor 230 Tejeron Tel. 5-74-13 Manila EL. LUZON Carriage Factory 336 Moriones, Tondo-Manila-Tel. 4-81-80 AMADO GARCIA Proprietor Specializing inAUTOMOBILE AND CARRIAGE GARMENTS, AWNINGS, CASES, DUCO PAINTING AND MACHINES, ETC. We aliio repair all kinds ol Electrical troubles. MANILA HOTEL One ;,f the World's Great Hotels PREFERRED for its HOSPITALITY By Those Who Appreciate The Best Without Extravagance ROOMS FOR PROVINCIAL VISITORS AT INVITINGLY LOW RATES The MANILA HOTEL is your BEST ADDRESS IN THE CITY NOT JUST A HOTEL . . . IN A SETTING NOT DUPLICATED ANY OTHER PLACE IN THE WORLD . . . OFFERING EVERY COMFORT AND REFINEMENT POSSIBLE IN THE WAY OF ACCOMMODATIONS. H. C. "Andy" Anderson, Manager. Beauty Shop Service "Combo" Ringlette and "Frederics" Machines Haircutting-Waving Specialized Attendants 323 M. H. de! Pilar Ermita Tel. 5-47-70 Manila Please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE when writing to advertisers. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE JUST RECEIVED Porcelain Enamel Glass Toys S chool supplies porting goods ilk and cotton goods Ware Kikkoman Soy Canned goods "Kato)" mosquito de- Asahi Beer atroyer Toilet goods "lmazu" Fly powder "lmazu" Insect killer Lamp Shades "Meiji" evaporated Aji-no-moto milk "Merry" condensed Salt milk Onions and potatoes Etc., Etc., Etc. Savory OSAKA BAZAR 332-346 Echague Manila P. 0. Box 881 B h j 503-5-Rizal Avenue ranc es\ 1003-5 M. de Santos, Tondo TALLER DE PINTURA Y ESCULTURA de ANACLETO DE LEON 630 Evangelista, Sta. Cruz MANILA VEN DEMOS Latas para Polvos y Pomada Etc., Etc. CONSTRUIMOS Maquinas para Panaderia Piezas de Automobiles Etc., Etc. OXY -ACETYLENE WELDING Taller de Maquinaria y Soldadura por Oxi-Aceteleno 837 M. de Santos Tondo, Manila 4Z--PHONE US-WE'LL DELIVER IT-42 MOUNTAIN SUPPLY STORE L. K. LING, Prop. A fresh stock OF EVERYTHING you may need to make your vacation or residence in Ba~uio entirely pleasant. LIQUORS, GROCERIES, DRY GOODS, CANDY, CIGARS CIGARETTES, STATIONERY, etc. MINE & MILL SUPPLIES A special department caters to the demands of the Baguio Mineral Belt. HARDWARE AND PLUMBING MATERIALS BRASS OR BLACK IRON GLOBE VALVES Paints & Oils ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES AND MANY OTHERS. Prompt and Courteous Service Prices Decidedly Reasonable MOUNTAIN SUPPLY STORE 1 Market Plaza (Opposite Gas Station), Baguio, P. I. Do you mention this magazine when writing to advertisers? Iv !vi THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 Compliments of Manila Shirt Factory and Dry Goods Store MANUEL PELLICER & CO., INC. 44-46 Escolta Manila NOW IS THE TIME TO BUY IF YOU WANT TO SAVE MONEY !lc111dnr !'riu: H. U. D Drawers P0.45 S ilk Socks . . . . . . 0.40 Silk TJnrlC"r Shirts 1.75 Silk 'fies 1.00 T owel Kimonos . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . 2.50 Lustre light English Uro:1ddoth Shirts 2.95 Brush Wool Sweatt•rs . . 2.50 Sweat shirts fleece lined 2.50 P lnu Pon~ee Pajama. 2.95 Wool Blankets . . . . . . 6.50 Baby Wool fllankcts . . . . 2.50 Purl" Silk LnciiL'S S t(Jcl;inv.-. 1.9!) Mosquito N et s 2.50 Towels U . S. Ma rl<' 1.50 Face Towels U . S. Mnrle . .. .. ... • • . , , . , 0.30 Children's Silk Socks 0.35 Pure Wool Baby (~ pieces) set , 5.50 Corsets . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.50 Terceopelo Slippers 2.60 GLASS WARES & PORCELAINS Water Sets (6 glasses 1 Pit<"her) P:J.50 Cut g)ni;s Water Set3 (6 ~l8S!<e11 1 T'itch<'r) 7.50 23 Piece~ TM Set.3 fleautiCul design 9.00 Hand Painted Plates (3 sizes ) 4.50 T hermus Bottles 3.50 Hrdurrd /'ric" ro.20 c11.. 0.27 C'a 0.69 ca. 0.17 ca. 0.!)8 ca. 0.88 ca. 0.95 ell. 0.88 ca. 1.15 suit 1.19 ea. 0.6!) ca. 0.i5 ea. 1.20 ca. 0.55 ea. 0.12 ea. 0.15 pr. 2.45 5et. 1.50 C'Q. O.i5 ea. tJ.16 &el. 1.45 set. 1.95 set. t .35 doz. 1.35 set. WEINSTEIN BROTHERS NEW YORK-MANILA 621 Rizal Ave.- Next door to the Cine Fox All Cuts in this issue were made by the ST AR ENGRAVING CO. Tel. 2-41-70 670 Rizal A venue, Manila CABLE ADDRESS : "GUIBAO" MANILA. Main Store Tel. 2-84-4 7 Factory Tel. 5-48-43 You are cordially invited to visit the most complete assortment and attractive display of genuine Reptile Leather Goods and Novelties. We also have all kinds of Philippine Hats and Handmade Embroideries. TYPICALLY PHILIPPINE PRODUCTS FROM PHILIPPINE RAW MATERIALS Remember your friends and relatives back home with "GIFTS" of Reptile Novelties, Hats, and Embroiderie>, from the Philippines. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. G. TAGUIBAO'S HA TS & REPTILE FACTORY Main Store: 96 Real St., W. C., Manila, Factory: 1106-A Tennessee St., Manila. l'lea•e remember to mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. January, 1933 T ll F: G 0 V E R N l\l E N T E M I' L O Y E E A Modern Gas Range for the Holidays The best things to eat are cooked at home and modern GAS Ranges make this easy and successful. Come in and see the many new features that make GAS Ranges so desirable. MANILA GAS CORPORATION Display Room: Regina Building TEXACO GASOLINE MOTOR OIL THE TEXAS CO. (PHILIPPINE ISLANDS), Inc. Manila Cebu lloilo Legaspi America's Best Known Shoes FOR THE CONSERVATIVE MAX TRL\I. GLOVE FITTING KID SHOES WITH STOUT OAK SOLES --.. .. 1 6139 "H. ALONSO" 105 Escolta 107 W. L. DOUGLAS LADIES SHOES HA VE SET NEW STANDARD OF VALUES IN FEMININE FOOTWEAR "H. ALONSO" 105 Escolta 107 in answering ~dvertisements please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. hii !xiii THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 The More You Smoke The More You WantEl "AGUILA" Products CREADORES REG/OS CORONAS FA VORITOS "El Aguila" REAL PRESIDENTES EL AGUILA FABRICA DE TABACOS Y CIGARRILLOS, INC. 86 Plaza Dilao, Paco, Manila P. 0. Box 1027 Telephone 5-68-04 Quality Tools and Cutlery Inferior to noneBetter than most! Viegelmann, Schroeder & Co., Inc. 456-466 Dasmariiias Manila, P. I. FRANKLIN BAKER COMPANY OF THE PHILIPPINES Central Office PUREZA, SANTA MESA Manila We Purchase Coconuts SAN PABLO, LAGUNA FACTORIES Manila San Pablo DEE C. CHUAN & SONS, INC. SAW MILLS & LUMBER DEALERS 16-24 SOLER, BINONDO MANILA, P. I. 4-88-26 PHONES ~ 4_ 96_ 83 P. 0. Box 474 Please say you saw it in THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE magazi11e. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE "If It's MET AL We'll Make It!" Our Experience is always at your service. A phone call from you will instantly bring an expert to advise-measure up . .. .. and estimate for any description of Metal Work. Manila Plumbing & Metal Works, Inc. Wm. J. LATIE, President and General Manager Shops and Office: 15 Pascual Casal, Manila Tels. 2-43-22 and 2-43-71 P. 0. Box 2613, Manila COMPLIMENTS OF CHENG SIONG LAM & CO. MANOCO GASOLINE TRACTORA & MARIPOSA KEROSENE MANOCO LUBRICANTS 1001 Dagupan, Manila P. O. Box 1524 Telephones 4-96-06 & 4-96-50 DEL MONTE SUBDIVISION San Francisco del Monte, Inc. (The Land of Promise) Good Roads, School, Market, Bus and Telephone Service-15 minutes from Plaza Goiti. All the advantages of City and Country Life. Lots suitable to the size of every one's pocket book. Partial Payments. No interest. Address P. 0. Box 528, Telephone No. 2-16-36, 227 David, Manila. MAX FACTOR'S SOCIETY MAKE-UP A complete line of cosmetics to enhance and preserve your charm and beauty Face powder in 9 alluring color shades Rouge and lipstick in perfect color harmony Available at Leading DealersAgents WEST & WHITAKER Kindly mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE in responding to advestisements. !ix Ix THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 Patronize Local Industries All kinds of school supplies Pads, Composition Books Envelopes all sizes All manufactured in th~ Philippines Ask foi· SENORITA BRAND MENZI & CO., Inc. Manila, Cebu & Iloilo LinRARY UN IVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES All t he ornament in t his bt"auliful building has been supplied by us. An old establishment sup plyinir ne\v ideas and a real innovation in Pl'Oml>t. etficient service, Monument, Pantheons, Mau11oleum11, Tomb9tones, Statues, Clay Modeling, Concrete Ornaments Columns. Capitals, Artistic Ornamental Cril1 Work in Bru s and Bronu. Metal designs for decorative purposes, Marble and Bronze decorations, Sculptural Reproductions by E lect ro-Galvan izing, E lectro-P lating with all metals ; repairing and construction . Rizal Ave. 639 6 Katubusan 17 Arte y Trabajo PASCUAL ZAMORA MEDINA Manager Prompt S ervice P hone 2-18-38 HALILI TRANSIT Our passenger trucks are especially built for comfortable and safe riding, and are most appropriate for SCHOOL AND COLLEGE OUTINGS EXCURSIONS-PICNICS-PARTIES CLEAN - COMFORTABLE - RELIABLE Careful Drivers Courteous Conductors Dependable Service VERY REASONABLE 533 Azcarraga PRICES Manila Telephone 4-74-51 COMPLIMENTS OF SANTO TOMAS UNIVERSITY When writing to advertisers please ~ention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE "PATRONIZE HOME PRODUCTS" -fa the slogan of the day. GASANOL The best and most economical fuel for Cars and Trucks of all m;1 kes Tried and proven most successful PRODUCED IN THE PHILIPPINES VISIT OUR EXHIBIT AT THE CRYSTAL ARCADE ROOM No. 218 November 5-January 31st, 1933 REPUTATION-CONFIDENCE FOR 49 YEARS LA INSULAR HAS BEEN THE LEADER IN NATIVE CIGARETTES FOR 49 YEARS LA INSULAR HAS BEEN THE LEADER IN FINE CIGARS NOW LA INSULAR'S LAST AND BEST CONTRIBUTION TO QUALITY CIGARETTE SMOKERS '' G 0 LF'' CIGARETTES VIRGINIA BLEND To the Business-Minded Public of the City of Manila We offer our Services as Printers-Binders-Stationers Rubber-Stamp Makers TONG CHEONG SON CO. Y. C. SING General Mo.nager Office Shop Cu Unjieng Bldg. Phone 2-15-71 321 Barbosa Phone 2-14-23 PHILIPPINE REFINING COMPANY IN CORPORA TED Manila Cebu PURCHASERS OF COPRA PRODUCERS OF COCONUT OIL, COPRA CAKE AND COPRA MEAL. We Solicit Direct Shipments of Copra from Producers and Provincial Merchants. 1035 Isaac Peral MANILA Tel. 5-69-51 Do you mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE? Please do. lxi !xii THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 K. NASSOOR, INC. GENERAL IMPORTERS Manila Cebu, Cebu 250 David Magallanes KHAKI DRIL Two Gold Medals Guaranteed-Fast Color Registered Trade Mark Made in Manchester, England. Approved by British Government Standard Test. If you want economy try the best at the least cost. LA CENTRAL OF J. DREYFUS WATCH AND JEWELRY STORE DEALER IN FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION P. 0 . Box 1174 29 Escolta Tel. 2-21-12 TIKI-TIKI MANUEL ZAMORA EL ORIGINAL-EL MEJOR Todas las madres deben tomar TIKI-TIKI MANUEL ZAMORA para que sus bebes no contraigan enfermedades. La eficacia de! TIKI-TIKI MANUEL ZAMORA preparado por Don Manuel Zamora, es reconocida en todas partes, y hoy dia es objeto de muchas imitaciones. Al comprar TIKI-TIKI, exija TIKITIKI preparado por MANUEL ZAMORA. DE VENTA EN TODAS LAS FARMACIAS Preconizado por los eminentes Medicos contra el Beri-Beri infantil o Taon. ONICO FABRICANTE: FARMACIA DE MANUEL ZAMORA 928 R. Hidalgo, Manila Tel. 2-65-25 IMPRENTA DE MANUEL ZAMORA PRINTERS-TYPESETTERS-BOOKBINDERS 928 R. Hidalgo, Manila Tel. 2-75-05 NATIONAL ELECTRICVICENTE MAURICIO & CARLOS A. MORENO ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS AUTHORIZED BY THE GOVERNMENT CONTRATISTAS DE INSTALACIONES EL~CTRICAS AUTORIZADOS' POR EL GOBIERNO Office Tel. 2-31-50 326 R. HIDALGO MANILA Rt-sidence T el. 5-73-93 P. O. Box 1168 We receive all kinds of Electrical contracts for permanent and temporary Installations and we also repair all kinds of Electrical Apparatus: Dynamo, Motor, Dictaphone, Fan, Flat Iron, Coffee Perculator, Hair. Dryer, Toaster, Massage, Resistance, Rheostat, Chafing-dLSh and Curling-iron. Electric parts of Auto car, Storage Battery, Dynamo, Motor, Starter, all kinds of Magnetos, Spark coil, Volt- and Amp-meter, Etc. Recibimos toda clase de Contratas de lnstalaciones Electricas permanentes y provisionales y reparamos toda clase de Aparatos Electricos: Dinamos, Motores, D1ctapones, Massages, Ventiladores, Planchas, Cocinillas, Tostadores, Resistencias para cines, Cecadores de pelo, Reostatos, Escalfadores y Rizadores de pelo. Partes Electricos de Autom6vHes, Acumuladores, Motores Autom:iticos, Dinamos, toda clase de Magnetos, Bobinas de Chispas, Volmetros y Amperometros, Etc. Do you mention this magazine when writing to advertisers T Please do. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE !xiii Fine Finish-Economical-Durable Sold E xclusively by L:RA"GUJJY/-ILIJO 514-520 Juan Luna, Manila Cebu-Bacolod-Iloilo G. M. CANSIPIT, INC. CUSTOMS BROKERS and FORWARD ING AGENTS S. 0 . de Fernandez Building No. 51 Escolta- Room 202 PROMPT EFFICIENT DEPENDABLE SERVICE IS OUR AIM WE AIM NOT ONLY TO SERVE BUT ALSO TO SATISFY WHEN IN NEED OF A CUSTOMS BROKER CALL PHONE 2-38-03 A Wonderful Product of DESTILLERIAS AYALA, INC. The most popular in the Philippines for 98 years Take a cup before meal to help your apetiteGINEBRA DOBLE EXTRA GINEBRA EXTRA GINEBRA AYALA GINEBRA SAN MIGUEL GINEBRA NACIONAL DESTILLERIAS AYALA, INC. 630-652 Echague, Manila YUCUANSEH DRUG CO., INC. P. 0. BOX 1761-MANILA, P. I. Address : 436 Dasmariiias Manila Tel. 2-20-84 Direct Importer Jobber and Wholesaler If we have not yet had the pleasure of serving you we wish to announce our modern, completely equipped and stocked Retail Drug Store at 436 Dasmarifias Street, just behind and opposite the Crystal Arcade Entrance. We have a Prescription Department in charge of a competent Pharmacist. Our stocks of drug sundries, household remedies, cosmetics, boudoir and bathroom supplies are most complete and inclusive. Being direct importers, our prices are low and most inviting. We shall be pleased to serve you. YUCUANSEH DRUG CO., INC. Don't forget to mention this magazine when answering advertisements, lxi\' THE GOVI-:RNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 DY PAC & COMPANY, INC. Office and Yards 1022-1060 Juan Luna, Tondo P. 0. Box 1239 Cable Address "DYPAC'" Tels. 4-95-61 & 4-95-91 Manila, P. I. MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS in all kinds of PHILIPPINE LUMBER BRANCH WASHINGTON LUMBER COMPANY Office and Yards 808-818 Juan Luna, Tondo Telephone 4-90-88 Manila, P. I. LUZON BROKERAGE CO., INC. Derham Bldg·. Tel. 2-24-21 Port Area P. 0. Box 591 Manila, Philippines Licensed Customs Brokers Bonded Warehousemen Foreign Freight Forwarders P. P. Gocheco-Go Sing Goe Co. T ABLERIA-F ABRICANTES DE CAJONCITOS y CONTRATISTAS DE OBRAS Oficina Central: 1219 Azcarraga, Tondo, Manila Tel. No. 4-96-30 Sucursal : Mabuhay Lumber 938 Azcarraga, Tonda, Manila Tel. No. 4-72-30 Why you should insist on "°'~~E~~"'-1' '\,'\-i: BONll . ""~ 1. Outstanding shade of pure white 2. Improved printing surface 3. Better writing surface 4. Greater strength and durability 5. The de Luxe of all "Sulphite Bonds" 6. Attractive appearance and· High Price "feel" gives prestige to your correspondence. S. A. PRESBY & CO. Sole Agents In answering advertisements please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE The People's Shoe FOR MEN, WOMEN AND CHILDREN High Quality Shoes at the Lowest Cost Go to your dealer now and ask him for PEOPLES SHOES They areSTRONG, ECONOMICAL AND STYLISH If your dealer cannot supply you, order direct from us. C.O.D. orders accepted if accompanied by deposit. People's Shoe Company Manila Factory: 311 Soler-Tel. 4-97-86 Stores: 122 Ground Floor Crystal ArcadeTel. 2-63-38 Cor. Escolta and Plaza Sta. Cruz-Tel. 2-52-12 JACINTO HERMAN OS TABLERIA FABRICA DE PUERTAS Y VENTANAS Oficina: 1007-15 J. Luna, Tondo, Manila Tel. 4-80-34 Deposito: 1666 Juan Luna, Tondo, Manila Tel. 4-87-37 THE HISPANO PHILIPPINE IMP. & EXP. GERARDO G. GARCIA, PHO!'. GRAL. LUNA, No. 14 al 18, INTRAMUROS P . 0. Box 884 MANILA. P . I. Almacen de vinos y conservas de America, Filipinas y Europa. AI por mayor y detalle, con marcas exclusivas. Representante de los fabricantes de armas de Eibar de B. Echevenia y Garate Anitua, con sus especialidades en pistolas Star y otras armas insuperables hasta el dia. Compliments of THE SOLOCAN DEVELOPMENT CO., Ltd. and THE RIZAL PARK CO., Ltd. Mani I a Paterno Building No. 18 Sta. Cruz Bridge, Sta. Cruz, Manila Don't forget to mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. !xvi THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 B. B. B. y La Ideal FABRICA de CIGARRILLOS PICADURA Y MASCADA l>E Co Cuanco y Cia. St;CESORES F. SAEZ CO TIONGCO No. 542 Echague, Quiapo Manila Tel. No. 2-36-52 P. 0. Box 2047 Comisiones y Consignaciones Exportaci6n de Tabaco rama Miguel Pujalte, S. en C. Manila, L F. Plaza Moraga No. 9 Tel. 2-10-26 ANALGINA ARAMBULO Registered. Authorized and Awarded. Do you feel sick? Why not cure it? The A N A L G I N A ARAMBULO gives complete relief and effective remedy specially for RHEUMATISM, NEURALGIA, HEAD-ACHE, WOUNDS, STOMACH-ACHE, DIARRHEA, CHOLERA, ASTHMA, COUGH, TOOTH-ACHE, Etc. BOTICA INSULAR No. I Quesada-P. 0. Box 976--Tel. '1·82-06 Manila, P. I. MADE IN THE PHILIPPINES. For Best Quality and Fair Prices Call on us La Isla de Cuba Groceries-Liqueurs 223-239 Carriedo Manila Please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLO~E when writing to advertisers. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE I xvii ''FILIPINAS'' COMPARfA DE SEGUROS ASEGURAMOS SU: VIDA CASA MERCANCfA MOBILIARIO BARCO CARGAMENTO AUTOM6VIL Facilitamos Fianzas Judiciales y Fianzas para Armas de Fuego. Pidanos lnformes. Atendemos gustosos a todos. "Filipinas" Building 21 Plaza Moraga P. 0. Box No. 745 Telefonos Nos. 2·17-63 y 2-41-32 LfNEA de V APO RES a Cavite, Guagua, Bataan, Zambales, Masbate y Sorsog6n TRY-TRAN Linea de Autobuses entre Manila y Zambales Y ANGCO MARKETS BAZAR VILLALOBOS Fincas adecuadas para Establecimientos TEODORO R. YANGCO 421 Muelle de la Industria SR. EMPLEADO: No se preocupe si le rebajan el sueldo para nivelar los presupuestos. V d. puede nivelar el suyo comprando en nuestro establecimiento, donde encontrara buenos articulos y precios mas baratos. Ademas estos articulos, contribuyen con un tanto muy elevado los ingresos del Gobierno, pues algunos pagan el 50 % de clerechos de Aduana. AYODESE Y AYUDE A SU PAiS FANLO Y CIA., INC. Ave. Rizal 616, Manila TAtlER DE MAOUINARIA de GERARDO C. CRUZ Meccinico Propietario Oficina : Residencia: 626 Azcarraga, Manila 1237 A. Rivera Durinir February we hope you will remember to mention this ma11aziue. !xviii THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 VARADERO DE LA QUINTA SHIPBUILDING AND ENGINEERING WORKS 549 Echague St. Manila, P. I. Telephone 2-35-90 P. 0. Box 719 FOR HOME BUILDERS If you are ready to build up your home, now is your chance to take advantage of the present low prices for lumber. For cheap and quality Philippine lumber that you would need for your home building, always consult us before starting on the job, and we are sure that you would be surprised of our low prices for any kind of lumber. Gotauco & Co., Inc. CONTRACTORS AND LUMBER DEALERS Central Office: 214 Soler, Manila Tels. Nos. 4-97-21 and 4-96-7-1 Vulcano Engineering Company Engineers & Contractors Steel and Concrete Bridges, Piers, Wharves, Steel Tanks, etc.; Structurul, Machine and Boiler Shops ; Bronze and Iron Foundries. Shops, Office and Foundry Muelle de Ia Industria and Sevilla P. 0. Box 2902 Tel. 2-29-26 MANILA In extending the GREETINGS OF THE SEASON We also wish to REMIND you that with the entrance of the NEW YEAR it is time to prepare Your FAMILY BUDGET Don't Forget to set aside at least lO'fo of your INCOME and deposit it every month with the bank that pays 41/2% to 6% on Savings Account 5 'fo on Fixed Deposits MONTE DE PIEDAD AND SAVINGS BANK OF MANILA with 50 years' service behind it P. 0. Box 1071 E. MARCO Director-Manager { 2-13-79 Tel. 2-27-41 2-13-40 Do you mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE ? We hope you will. J::nuary, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE "Maria Luisa" Fabrica de pastas para sopa, fideos, macarrones, cintas y pasta cortada ''Venus'' Fabrica de chocolates y cafes 515 Padre Herrera, Tonda Manila T elefono 4-95-20 Razones deben de tener los---------,., PROPIETARIOS ARQUITECTOS Y CONTRATISTAS Que siempre han preferido nuestras MADERAS De ellas quizas jamas os convencereis hasta que sepais LA CLASE de madera que <lamos por EL DINERO que recibimos. HACEDNOS UNA VISITA CUANDO NECESITEIS MADERAS. Tenemos de toda clase. ASERRADORA MECANICA DE TUAZON Y SAMPEDRO, INC. Tableria Filipina (Lagarian) Fundada en 1880 Calle Globo de Oro, No. 8171 Tel. 2-37-56, P. 0. Box 746, Manila Pineda and Ampil Manufacturing Co., Inc. IMPORTERS AND EXPORTERS 997-999 Muelle de la Industria Manila Trade Mark: P AiVICO Vendemos Abonos para Ca11a Dulce, Palay y otros: Sulfato de Amonia de Alemania mar<'a AB-SF Pamco No. 1 para obtener alta polarizaci6n Pamco Especial para obtener alta polarizaci6n Fabricantes de Pamco Plasterboards para Zaquizames y particiones Fabricantes de Ventanas, Puertas, Molduras, Aceite para Pintura y otros OBSEQUIO DE Roxas y Cia. We will thank you to mention this magazine when answering advertisements. I xix !xx THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 KIM BEE FOUNDRY SHOP We are government contractors for making Brass, Bronze and Iron Castings. Tel. 4-75-75 226 Azcarraga Ton do Manila, P. I. A Most Precious Gift to you and to your Family! One Peso (-P-1.00) only per year Insures you for -P-1,000.00 You, as head of the family, cannot, of course, afford to have yourself and dependents unprotected against calamities. By paying only 1'1.00 yearly, you will be insured for Pl,000. In case of accident you or your heirs will be indemnified as specified in the policy. Any person between 15 and 70 years of age can be insured . No medical examination required. Ask for full particula rs THE YEK TONG LIN FIRE & MARINE INSURANCE COMPANY, LTD. Underwriters of F ire and Marine Insurance, Fidelity and Surety Bonds of all Kinds. 320 Dasmarifias St. P. 0. Box No. 93, Manila, P. I. Telephones: 2-39-06, 2-15-98, 2-31-93 - - - - - - - - (COUPONl- - - - - - - - The Yek Ton1r Lin F ire & Marine Insurance Co .• Ltd. P . O. Box No. 93, Manila, P . I. Gentlemen: E nclooed please find ONE PESO (1'1.00) for which plea11e issue me your N EW TRAVEL and PEDESTRIAN INSURANCE POLICY. Name • ......... . ... . Address . Beneficiary . . . .. . . .. . • . • . . . • A ge • .• • •• .. . . . . He orahe ia my . . G. E. Despues del rudo trabajo cotidiano tome una taza de CHOCOLATE LA INDUSTRIAL PORT A, PUEO Y CIA. Til•fonos 553i2 y 21069 c ... o~l~l~!"-'H Lit. Montes Inc. FUNDADA EN 1848 MAPAS, CROMOS FINOS, RELIEVES, CARTELES, y F.ABRICA DE CAJAS DE CARTON, Etc., Etc. Magallanes 40 Manila, I. F . Tel. 2-13-77 P. 0. Box 116 Please remember to mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE USE OLYMPIAN CANVAS SHOES Durable-Comf orta'ble -Convenient Price Sold Everywhere NIPPON BAZAR (Sole A uent) Cebu Manila DEALERS IN GERMAN AND AMERICAN PIANOS, CLASSICAL, POPULAR AND NATIVE SHEET MUSIC, MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS AND ACCESSORIES. THE PHILIPPINE MUSIC STORE, INC. P. 0. Box 1611, Tel. 2-63-75 241 Carriedo, Manila JOSE SANCHEZ MACHINE SHOP Oxy -Acetylene and Electric Welding Shop 927 -929 Dagupan Street, Tondo, Manila Tel. 4-71-31 ,.,me"lb Re•tlN CETAPISR.1 l iu.o, ..... • ot • ro.u.1.•A T. o,,. FISK The tire with the 7 plus features of added value: Air-Flight Principle- Silent, Deep, Non-Skid Tt·ead DesignAll-Cord Process- All Cord BreakerMultiple Cable Bead- Balanced Construction. Rim Width Stream Line TreadFISK TIRE CO., INC., OF THE PHILIPPINES P. 0. Box 657 122 Novaliches Manila, P. I. You mentioned THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE ? We thank you. Phone 2-37-80 lxxi lxxii THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE J anuary, 1933 ORIENTE HOTEL The American Family Hotel with prices in accordance with present living conditions Only a few minutes walk to the Bl"Sl:\' ESS CENTER Excellent and prompt Service Up-to-date Conveniences PHONE 2-3ti-5:l 121 Real, W. C. W. C. JOHNNY Manager FORBES MUNN & CO., LTD. 1 l:l Muellc de Binondo Tel. Nos. 4-97-44-4-96-08-4-97-30 GENERAL MERCHANTS-IMPORTERSEXPORTERS AGENTS ROYAL INSURANCE CO., LTD. When buying KHAKI ask for genuine Tres Soldados. Look for selvage stamping. Kuy Lim Lumber Co. 804 Juan Luna Tel. 4-89-42 Manila SE CONFECCIONAN PUERTAS, VENTANAS, REMATES Y TABLAS CALADAS A PRECIO ECONOMICO Lumber Dealer WHOLESALE & RETAIL COMPLIMENTS of CARRERO, VIDAL & CO., Inc. Coconut Oil Manufacturers. Isla de Provisor, Paco P. 0 . Box 1275 Manila MALATE TAXICAB TWENTY-FIVE YEARS OF PUBLIC CONFIDENCE In line with its policy of giving the best in transportation service the management of the MALATE GARAGE wishes to announce to the public that in addition to its present service it will operate taxicabs in the City of Manila under the name MALATE TAXICABS. F or twenty.five years throul[b honest endeavors of o!fering prompt and efficient eervice to its customers the MALATE GARAGE has won public confidence. Jn this taxicab service the public is guaranteed: 1. PROMPT AND EFFICIENT SERVICE. 2. NEW CARS WITH CLEAN WHITE SEAT COVERS. 3. COURTEOUS AND EXPERIENCED DRIVERS. DIS TINGUISHING FEATURES: Green top. Radio streaks on both eides a nd on spare tire cover. WHEN YOU NEED A TAXI ALWAYS CALL FOR THE ON!-.: WITH GREEN TOP Tel. 5-69-66 Compliments Photo Finishing Corporation D eve I op in g-Pri nting-Enlarging 114-116 Escolta, Manila LEUNG YEE PANDACAN SLIPWAY Builders of Motor Boats, Launches, Lorchas, Wooden Scows, Steel Lighters, All Kinds of Iron Work and Repairing, Et.:. OFFICE AND SHIPYARD Pureza St., Int., Sampaloc. (Beside the last Bodega of P. V. 0.) Tel. 6-75-73 Manila, P. I. P. 0. Box 1397 HAIR, LITTLE & PICORNELL STOCK AND SHARE BROKERS Insular Life Bldg. MANILA Tels. 2-18-44 & 2-18-45 MEMBERS MANILA STOCK EXCHANGE Purchase and sale of all classes of Philippine and foreign securities undertaken. Enquiries solicited. F IRST-CLASS CONNECTION WITH NEW YORK AND SAN FRANCISCO Mention this magazine, please, In responding to advertisements. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE lxxiii The Bank of the Philippine Islands The Oldest Bank in the Philippines Authorized Capital . . . Pl0,000,000.00 Paid up Capital 6,750,000.00 GENERAL BANKil\G OPERATIONS SAFE DEPOSIT BOXES FOR RENT Head Office: ~fANILA , P. I. Branches : ILOILO, CEBU AND ZAMBOANGA. P. L Cable Address: "BANCO" CORRESPONDENTS IN ALL PARTS OF THE WORLD A great help towards independencean interest-bearing SAVINGS ACCOUNT The Cream of Milks Rich Nutritious Delicious Pet Milk-A Superior Product Genato Commercial Corporation 1079 R. Hidalgo Tel. 2-10-98 MANILA COMPLIMENTS OF ANDRES LUNA DE SAN PEDRO and JOSE G. CORTES Architects, Engineers and Builders OFFICE CRYSTAL ARCADE Tel. 2-29-07 Escolta, Manila P. 0. Box 2907 SUBURBAN THEATRES, Inc. Operating CINE APOLO CINE ALEGRIA FOX UNIVERSAL ACME COLUMBIA CINE RENO Showing MALAYAN BANAHAW UNITED ARTISTS PARAMOUNT AND OTHER INDEPENDENT FEATURES Office Cine Apolo Rizal Ave. Tel. 2-70-32 We will thank you to mention this magazine when answering advertisements. lxxiv THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 M. CHUAKAY & COMPANY Rice Merchants IMPORTERS & EXPORTERS BONDED WAREHOUSE We .accept deposits of palay Buying and selling of pa!ay and rice BRANCHES CE!\TRAL OFFICE 2G7 Juan Luna, Rice Mills: Cabanatuan-Tel. No. 151 P. 0. Box No. 1517. Tel. No. 4-92-G6, Manila, P. I. San Nicolas, Gapan-Tel. No. 7313 Baluarte, Gapan-Tel. No. 7111 Nueva Ecija, P. I. TALLERES DE ESCULTURA, MARMOLERIA Y PLATERIA de c. CASTILLO ' e HIJOS ( Premiado en la Exposici6n de F ilipinas con Medallas de Oro y Plata) Se recibe~ toda clase de trabajos consistentes en imligenet, Andas, Altares, P ulp1tos, Marcos Ta.Jlados y Bordalesas de Oro y Seda. Etc. L3.pidas, Panteones Monumentos y Mausoleos de Marmol 7 Esta.. t uas de Cemento, E tc. Calle R. Hidalgo No. 309 (antes San Sebastia o) Sta. Cruz Tel. 2-61-67 The ''Acid Test" FOR FOOTWEAR "The proof of the pudding is in the eating", says an old proverb. This is the experience method of testing commonly known as the "Acid Test." Try it on any ANG TIBAY Shoes, Slippers or other Footwear; they'll survive the most rigid test. ~~'r r:ar.. "W~ r-i.· 1)' TORIBIO TEODORO, 710-714 Ilaya, Manila VICTORIAS REFINED GRANULATED SUGAR A PHILIPPINE PRODUCT USE ITS ENERGY GENEROUSLY Manufactured "F'rom the Cane to the Crystals" By VICTORIAS MILLING CO., INC. Victorias, Occ. Negros Do you mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE? We hope you will. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE ixxv A RECORD ACHIEVEMENT OF "ST AR" & "SUNRISE" BICYCLES Manila-Batac, /locos Norte 516 Kms. in 60 Hrs. These two young men, Paterno Bulong and Andres Artates, riding STAR and SUNRISE bicycles, established a new rec<Yrd in bicycle endurance, by negotiating the distance, from Manila to Batac, I. Norte, 516 Kms. in 60 hrs., starting Dec. 17, 1932. An emphatic introduction to our bicycle is unnecessary. Its splendid performance will speak for itself. For particulars apply to STAR BICYCLE STORE 1907 Azcarraga Manila P. 0. Box38 Cyclists: Be Sure That You Use "STAR" & "SUNRISE" in the Carnival Races The Ermita Grocery Caters to the ARMY AND NAVY FANCY CANDIES FRESH FRUITS AND VEGETABLES WINES and LIQUORS The Place to Buy Fresh Roasted Pili Nuts 96-98 M. H. DEL PILAR Call Tel. 2-16-56 for City Delivery Quick LASTING RELIEF from HEMORRHOIDS If you suffer from Piles, you have probably tried a dozen remedies-will you try one more, on a money-back guarantee? ROCOL is a NATURAL remedy ... not a patent medicine. It was made by Mother Nature and has been lying in the earth for two million years'. Its story reads like a fairy tale-Its results like magic. Pleasant, cooling, heeling, safe. No dangerous drugs, no burning, no stinging. Hundreds who have u£ed it say it makes Piles disappear. INSTEAD OF EXAGGERATED CLAIMS we say this: Try one tube of ROCOL. If you are not COMPLETELY SATISFIED with the results, return the tube and the entire purchase prtce will be refunded. ROCOL PREPARED BY NATURE THRU THE AGES ONE DOLLAR May be bought at the following drug Sto,.es: Farmacia Central, Inc . .... Yucuanseh Drug Co., Inc. Rizal Ave. Pharmacy . . ...... . . Farmacia Liwayway .. ........ . Metro Drug Store .. . ........ . . Farmacia Oriental .. . .... . .... . Farmacia Manuel Diy ... .. ... . Farmacia Moderna ........... . Farmacia Excelsior .. .. ... . ... . Farmacia Hensonina . .. . .. ... . Farmacia Milagros ........... . Ricafort's Dispensary .. .. . .... . International Drug Store . .. .. . Jarmacia Victoria ... . ....... . Rosario Dasmarifias 711 Rizal Ave., Manila Azcarraga, Manila 1121 Ave. Rizal 519 Sto. Cristo 601 Legarda, Sampaloc 822 Clave!, San Nicolas Pandacan, Manila Real, W. C. Madrid, San Nicolas Moriones, Tondo Bustillos, Sampaloc 622 Trabajo, Sampaloc In answering advertisements please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. lxxvi THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 The Express Welding Service Oxy-Acetylene Welding Repairs in all Jines of machineries; mounting of boilers, Rice Milling Apparatus and Saw Mills; Oxy-Acetylene and Electric welding of all kinds of metals, etc. WE OFFER MODERATE AND REASONABLE PRICES PROCESO I. ZOLETA, Manager 93~ Azcarraga, Tondo Tel. 4-71-56 Dalmacio Soliongko & Co. TalJeres de l\-1-aquinaria FundiciOn, Herreria y Caldereria Tel. 4-89-60 341 BARCELONA, SAN NICOLAS MANILA, P. I. REPARACIONES y Montajes de toda clase de Calderas, Maquinas lndustriales, Agrico)as y Marinas. Soldaduras por Oxi-acetileno y Eiectrico. Precios razonables. Sen·icio satisfactorio. GENERAL REPAIRS to all kinds of Boilers, Machinery, Agricultural, Stationary and Marine Engines. Oxy-acetilene and Electric Welding Reasonable Prices Satisfactory Service The HEALTH DRINK for · Everybody RING UP 2-59-68 PURE FRESH AUSTRALIAN COW'S MILK BUTTER MILK, Creamery BUTTER Whipping CREAM, Cottage CHEESE SAN MIGUEL DAIRY FARM THE ·HOME OF CONTENTED COWS 444 AVILES MANIL,\ RIALTO STUDIO 456 Dasmariiias P. 0. Box 541 Tel. 2-36-19 We off er special prices for students and Government Em· ployees. Picture Taken Day and Night Dee Tian & Co. Manufacturers and Dealer~ in all kinds of PHILIPPINE LUMBER 1518 Azcarraga Manila Tel. 2-18-47 Dormitorio Todo Lujo Desde P25 al mes Existencia Limitada FERNANDEZ Y FERRER, INC. Sucesores de ADOLFO IRURE, S en C 138 T. Pinpin Box 818 Tel. 2-21-85 1-"-~-E~ - s~ _ NE R O M ~t~ " ECONOMY EFFJCIENCY NO DANGRR RAIN AND WON'T EXl'J.ODF. WIND PROOF 'I FROM 100 TO 3,500 CANDLE POWER DlFFBRENT MOL> ELS -----ALL KIND OF SPARE PARTS For fiahi119, haciendas, streets, ships, ho11se11, sto.,.cs, warehouses, schools, churche11, quartels, reataurant., fieataa, etc., etc, Ask for catalog and prices. BOUFFARD HNOS. Office in Cebu 6.J8 Avcnida Rizal Office in Jloi)o 91-93 MagaJlanes St. Manila, P. I. 72 Iznart St. Sole Agent.a for the Philippi-n.e lslainds. AMAZING OFFER IN PHOTO ENLARGEMENTS 16" x 20" for P3.80 N ow is your CHANCE to have your pictures enlarved at a fraction of what othe rs charge. There are picturC8 and s napshots of your dear ones. photos of those departed, likeness of Daby, pictures of college days, wedding pictures, etc. J"a.me Street or barr io Town - All these ca n be perpetuated a nd enlarged to adorn the most exclusive sanctuary of ~·our home, to be ailenL remembrances to your children and your children's children. FREE I a hand-tinted reproduction of photos enlarged with every order. U!!!e coupon DE Jesus GUTIERREZ ART SHOP. 830 Teodora Alonso, Manila. Enclosed pleue find . . . . photos to be enla rged to 16" X 20". I am remitting P. . . . . . in adP rov. Don't forget to mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE lxxvii We may live without PORTR,\ITS-But not so well: THE CHICAGO PORTRAIT COMPANY 931 R. Hidalgo Manila A world-wide organization of artists who have served all nationalities with life-like PORTRAITS for the past thirty-eight years. OCCIDENTAL HARDWARE COMPANY, INC. 636 Azcarraga, corner 781-789 Juan Luna St.. Manila TEL. 4-88-73 BENITO GO BIO PRESIDENT & GENERAL MGR. We have a complete line of carriage materials, building supplies, Corrugated and plain galvani~d roofi~g iron sheets, Cements, steel bars, steel plates, pamts, oils and varnishes. WE HAVE A COMPLETE LINE OF OILCLOTH, RUBBER CLOTH, LEATHER CLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHERS, FOR AUTOMOBILES, CARRIAGES, AND CUSHION SEATS. OUR PRICES ARE REASONABLE. WE CORDIALLY INVITE ANY PERSON INTERESTED TO INSPECT OUR STOCK. CHEVROLET P ARTS AND AUTO ACCESSORIES TRUCK AND AUTO TIRES TEXACO GASOLINE OIL & GREASE AUTO BATTERY SERVICE STATION MARFIL MOTOR REPLACEMENT CO. AUTOMOTIVE SUPPLY IN FRONT OF YANGCO MARKET TEL. 4-73-19 651 AZCARRAGA, MANILA F. Y. MARFIL Prop. a.nd GeJL Ma'lt4oer Whoopee Cabaret is waiting for you to-night, Wher~ Whoopee Girls are, with Whoopee Musicians, where the Whoopee cheap drinks with a kick to serve you at Whoopee Cabaret Pasay, Rizal Don't forget and ask for Whoopee Managers. LEUNG SHANK & SONS, INC. GENERAL MERCHANDISE Groceries, Hardware, Plun1bing, All kinds of Paints and Oil, Dry Goods, Liquors & Cigarettes Agency: Standard Oil Co., Liggett & Meyers Tobacco Co. FHEE DELIVEHY SEHVICE Session Road J.1, Ba~uio, :\It. Pro,·ince I'. 0. Box W-Tel. 21 BAGUIO GROCERY CO. For your groceries and supplies call on us. Prompt and courteous service. Your satisfaction is our motto. 2 Session Road Tel. 100 BENGUET HOTEL ROOMS AND BOARD OPEN DAY AND NIGHT A comfortable place to stay while you are enjoying yourself in Baguio Monthly Rates : P70.00 Daily Rates : P4.00 ~ P60.00 ~ P3.00 P80.00 P5.00 Delicious Food llfadc To Order; Picnics, Excursions, Parties, Etc. UP-TO-Date Service is our " Motto" City of Baguio P. 0. Box 164 Talleres de Pintura, Escultura, Plateria y Carpinteria de MAXIMO VICENTE Imagenes, Andas, Altares, Pulpitos y otros trabajos de talla. Ebanisteria y Carpinteria, Marcos artisticos, Ornamentos de Iglesia, Bordados en Oro, Lapidas, Monumentos, Mausoleos, etc., etc. LOS ENCARGOS SE HACEN CON PRONTITUD Y ESMERO R. HIDALGO 812 TcJefono 2-27-38 QUIAPO, MANILA, I. F. In answerini:- advertisements please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. lxxviii THE GOVE~NMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 Dr. PEDRO J. JOSE EYE-SIGHT SPECIALIST Private Optometrist of the Manila Railroad Co. Be Fair to Your Eyes! If you are suffering from eye strain or headaches, be sure to ha\·e your eyes scientifically examined by me. Yon will find my PRICES reasonable. Do not delay! 15:19-A Azcarraga Sta. Cruz, ;\lanila (};ear Arranque ;\larket) Tel. 2-76-42 N. & B. GARAGE The Largest Hire Car Service in the Philippines Lincoln-Packard-Studebaker-Ford Main Office Port Area P. 0. Box 1873 Tel. 2-35-21 T ABLERIA LA SUERTE CHUA LOA & CO. LU~1BER MERCHANTS, BUILDING CONTRACTORS AND CIGAR BOX FACTORY OFFICE AND YARD "1045-1049 AZCARRAGA TELEPHONE 4-80-73 MANILA, P. I. BARTOLOME Y JAVIER 62 M. de Binondo Tel. 2-28-36 CUSTOMS BROKERAGE LIGHTERAGE TRUCKING Telepho';io 2-18-09 P. 0 . Box 247 Cable Address: "COSETENG'" Eduardo Co Seteng & Co. M a nufa(':turcrs of LUMBER, CIGAR BOXES AND BUILDING CONTRACTORS Eor.: AllOO Co SP.Tl':!'<G c,~11. M111uzycr 602-610 Tanduay St. Manila, P. I. INSURANCE FIRE-MARINE-AUTOMOBILE EARTHQUAKE-WORKM.t:N· 3 COMPENSATION GUTTRIDGE & CHAMBERS, INC. General Agents Caledonian Insurance Comp:iny, Estd. 1805. Legal & General Assurance Society, Ltd., Estd. 1836. Norwich Union Fire Insurance Society, Ltd., E'std. 1797. OFFICE: 12fl Juan Luna TELEPHONE 4-90-64 so PUT co. IRON WORKS Leaders in all kinds of Foundry Work Workmanship and Materials Guaranteed THE GRILLES of the New Post Office Building, done in our shops, are our specialty 525 Jaboneros, San Nicolas, Manila-Tel. 4-80-79 MANILA SASH Factory (Rufino Co & Company, Prop. ) 786-88 Echague, Manila We manufacture all kinds of Windows, Doors, Sashes, etc., also we are Building Contractors RUFINO CO Manager Tel. 2-42-11 Mention this magazine, please, in responding to advertisements. J!:nuary, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE lxxix HILARION T ANTOCO CUSTOMS BROKER Land and Water Transportation 106 Muelle de Binondo, Manila Tels. 4-90-25 & 4-90-42 A Genuine Filipino Institution FAR EASTERN COLLEGE offers COLLEGIATE COURSES Leading to the Title of Associate in Arts (General Course) Associate in Arts (Preparatory Law Course) •HIGH SCHOOL AND INTERMEDIATE COURSES Faculty Exceptionally Strong 520 Evangelista Tel. 2-26-71 A Distinction and Achievement in Creative Painting & Plastering CraftmanshipExecuted the painting and deeoration oC the following important buildings: Metropolitan Tlua.lre CeTttral Stud0'nt Church G. de los Reyes Bldg. L. R. A"uinaldo Bldg. U11 Yet Bldg. nula..ea.n Capitol P M ig Ca1Jitol School of H110~ & Sa-nitotion. V. I'. Prin<'C Tht.atrc Elite Thea tre Paterno Building Painting Advices and Estimates Given on Request. EMILIO REYNOSO & SON Painter• a.nd Conbra.ctors 20 Plua Hor&ll'a. Manila WE IMPORT DIRECT FROM America and Foreign Countries Hat and Umbrellas of the Finest Quality and Latest Modes Call and See Our Latest Shipment Tel. 2-56-57 We also manufacture here in Manila all kinds of hats and umbrellas at the lowest possible prices. Our stock is unsurpassed in quality and price for local made goods. CHUA LUAN & CO., INC. HAT & UMBRELLA MERCHANT Binondo, Manila, P. I. 310-312 Sto. Cristo Tel. No. 4-85-47 Compliments of BAGUIO COLD STORES Cold Storage Meats and Products from America and Australia P. O. Box 45 Insist on this brand when buying your soyBaguio, P. I. Toyo ''ARA\V (soy) Tel. 321 is of such concentrated goodness that it goes farther than other brands. This famous good appetizer is made of finely selected soya beans prepared by experts tha t makes it distinctive. Give it a trial in your own home and see the difference! Manufacturers and distributors SENG KEE & COMPANY Wholesale Merchants 622 Nueva, Binondo Tel. 4-97-20 YU CONG ENG & CO. TABLERIA "LA FUERZA" Tel. 4-93-89 696 Juan Luna, Manila, P. I. We sell all kinds ol Lumber and accept Construction Contracts for Buildings HANSON, ORTH & STEVENSON, INC. Manila, P. I. Exporters of Hemp and Other Fibers IMPORTERS-INSURANCE STEAMSHIP-AGENTS Chaco Building Tel. 4-90-18 BRANCHES: New York-London-Merida-Davao Cebu-Iloilo Do you mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE? Please do. lxxx THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 "PINES "PINES BAZAAR" GROCERY" K. YAMAMOTO Baguio, P. I. P. 0. Box 23 Tel. 275 MUNKRO LAMPS The Best by Test MUNKRO BRAND STANDS For DURABILITY-ECONOMYEFFICIENCY All Sizes of MILL-TYPE and GASFIELD Lamps. Just Received Sole Agent: MANILA SUPPLY Wholesale & Retail Electrical Dealers MARTIN SUACO-Prop. 2054-2056 Rizal Ave . .P. 0. Box 2378 Tels. 2-21-74 & 2-78-84 OUR GREETINGS To The Government Employees: When you build your home or paint your house, use our materials of quality. You can buy such materials from us at reasonable prices for quick dciivery. We are importers of and dealers in Builrler's Hardware, Cement, Plumbing Supplies, Paint and Oil of genuine HUBBUCK. FLORENCIO REYES & COMPANY 424 Azcarraga Manila Telephones: 4-95-74 and 4-73-29 COMPLIMENTS ol Ow Yong Pun Shek "VE-TSIN" Sole distributor for the Philippines P. 0. Box 696 Tel. 2-27-48 424 Poblete Manila; P. I. HAP HOO MACHINERY SHOP ANTONIO SAENZ General Steel, Iron and Brass Works 805 San Nicolas, Manila Tel. 4-80-30 MOUNTAIN BAKERY Abanao Street No. 2, Baguio P. 0. Box No. 112 Tel. No. 352 Grocery, Efectos de Bazar y Hardware Chocolate & Coffee Factory 739 Dart, Paco, Manila, P. I. PHONE 6-49-27 P. 0. BOX 2350 ESTABLISHED 1923 GUARANTY H. C. DAMO'S CHOCOLATE is l!'IJaranteed to contain no mixture of peanuts. It is made of absolutely pure cacao and milled by machines of electric power. AMERICAN STEAMSHIP AGENCIES. Inc. Ship Agents-Brokers-Charterers PHILIPPINES Agents for KOKUSAI KISEN KAISHA "KOKUSAI LINE" Manila Office 511 Masonic Temple Telephone 2-42-78 P. 0. Box 3004 When writing to advertisers please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE lxxxi LEARN CUTTING & DESIGNING OF MEN'S GARMENTS in the PHILIPPINE DESIGNING SCHOOL Take a complete course in Cutting, Designing and Fitting of :\Ien's Garments. Successful cutters a.II over the Philippines prove better when they learn our ~asy systC'rn. The Philippine Designing method is the most efficient and thorouirh cwr originated in the J'hilippines. The simplest ever dcvis<'d to produce perfect results. It is easy to learn and just ~s easy to use. This school has originated new methods, new systems, new ideas with best results, in modern constructions of all kinds of men's garments. Individual instruction by G. E. REYES, a New York Graduate, fonncrly dir<'ctor and founder of the Manila Designing School. now director and proprietor of the Philippine Designing School. DAY AND EVENING CLASSES Terms, reasonable. Convenient payments. PHILIPPINE DESIGNING SCHOOL 438 Ave. Rizal Manila, P. I. We make good candies by expert Filipino candy makers. PURITY CANDY KITCHEN 527 Pefiarrubia, Binondo Tel. 4-96-51 P. 0. Box 646 DISPLAY & RETAIL at 711 Folgueras, Tondo (Near Divisoria Market) SUBDIVISIONES Vito Cruz Extension y Sa n Andres "E" Sc n·nckn magnifieos lotcs de terreno C'llC'lavados en la Cindad de :l[anila <lcsdc P-!.00-el metro ""'"lrndo. Bstos lotrs sc Yrn<lrn tamhi(,n a plazos pagamlo mcnsnalmr ntc deS<lc f'l0.00- al llH'S, sin m{1s ant icipo qnc cl importc de nna nwnsn,llid:ul. Bstas snh<liYisioncs Cll<'lllan <'Oil scni<'io de 1111. clectrien, ngna potable, ~ras y telt•l'ono. Tambien cucntan con magnificas ralks ronstrui<las. RAZON AYALA Y CIA. Hagar Filipino Bldg. Tel. 2-42-9G MANILA Compliments of McGUIRE & UTINSKY Contractors and Engineers 6 Barraca, Binondo Telephone 4-95-62 P. 0. Box 1699 You mentioned THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE? We thank you. Ix xx ii THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 FUERTEX For mcn·s drawers. there is no equal to Fuerte:< comfort. strength, and economy. Yee cheaper than the wife can make. Use Fucrtcx and p.11roni1.c home industry. ANG BULAKAN Ivlanufacturer 799-80 1 Tabora, Manila Talleres de Maquinaria IJE D. CELIS Fundicion y Herreria. Soldadura Oxi-acetileno, Renouamos piedras de los M olinas CJ conos para Maquinaria de arroz. tambirn reparamos plantas Elrictricas CJ plantas de Hiclo. especialmente motores de aceite crudo, etc. Representado por el Ex-inspector CJ montador de la Philippine Engineering Co. SR. RUFINO VIVAR. Antonio Rivera 802-6 Tondo, Manila Tel. 4-76-9l PHILIPPINE LAW SCHOOL COLLEGE OF LAW-NATJONAL UNIVERSITY Office and Main Bldg. 86 ANDA, INTRAMUROS Rcg-idration begin~ Classes Open May 15, 19:J3 June 5, 1933 The biggest private law school in the Islands with the strongest faculty. The leader of all private law schools in the bar examinations. For further Information or request of catalogue Apply: the SECRETARY Marcela's Beauty Parlor Neatle, Frederics and Croquinole Methods We SellGENERAL HARDWARE AND CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS Cement-Paints and Oils-Gasoline and Petroleum BAZAR SIGLO XX DE Teodoro R. Yangco No. 101 Plaza <lei Conde Tels. 4-97-04-4-97-06 BRANCH: 542 Azcarraga, Cor. Tabora Tel. 4-99-05 Manufacturer tY ExPorter of LADIE$'•0ENTLEMEN'$ PHILIPPINE HAT5 KAND·l'\Allt'-PHIUPPINl El'IBROIDfltD SMOCl\ED VOILE DRES$Er> WHOLESALE <- RETAIL --- - - --HATS MADE TO ORDER Ill ANY SHAPE WANTED - Marcela's Beauty Parlor Finger Wave Is Our Especially and Marcel Wave Please remember to mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE lxxxiii Recibimos to- EL ORIENTAL Especialist.a en das clases de' rcparaciOn de piezas de Ma- TALLER todas clases de quinarias. y Lcimp<lr<ts d<> DE gasolina, pc~ tambiCn, recitrOleo, alcohol bimos trabajos MAQUINARIAS y FonOgTafos, de montajes <l<-• etc. todas clases de DE 536 Ongpin Maquinarias, Binonclo, etc. CATALINO S. DYTIANQUIN Manila IRENE CRUZ DE FRANCISCO Buying and Selling BAGOONG and DRY FISH We carry on stock fresh fruits such as: LAN ZONES, ORANGES MANGOES, BANANAS CHICOS, ETC. GO! Ilaya Branch Manila. P. !. 86 :Muelle <le Divisoria BEST QUALITY-LOW PRICES Ha rdware-Carpente1', B/,acksmith And Machinist Tools-Agricultural And Farm Jniplcments-A uto Accessories-Carriage-Household and Fancy Goods-Pianos-Phonographs and Musical Instruments-Sole Agent.~ fo1'-Hupmobile Ca1-s "6"-"8"- Also Fishel' Trucks-"See 0u1' Used Cars." PARSONS HARDWARE CO., INC. 805 Echague St. Manila, P. I. ROSALIA ABUIG PROVISION CONTRACTOR Nos. 1-2 P. Ducos, Quiapo Tel. 2-51-42 Manila Wholesale Dealer in Fresh Fish, Talakitok, Lapulapu, Taniiginge, Dalagang Bukid, Zambuanga Red Snapper, Shrimps, Prowns, Torsilio, Talahita and BAN GOS Style Fit Individuality r 610 Rizal Ave. Manila BRIDGES-BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES -ENGINEERING PROJECTS-DESIGN S AND SUPERVISION. SPECIF!CA TIONS-ESTIM ATF.S-IN VESTIGA TIO NS -REPORTS-VALUATIONS AND ADVISORY SERVICE. T. R. BA GT AS CIVIL ENGINEER 529-531 Padre Herrera, Tondo Post-Office Box No. JG Office: Guison Bldg.-Room 2-Second Floor 755 Ave. Rizal, Manila SOTERO BALUYUT CIVIL ENGINEER AND CONTRACTOR 371 Calle Raon 371 Tel. 2-12-84 DESIGNS-SPECIFICATIONS ESTIMATES-SUPERVISION CONSTRUCTION BUILDINGS-ROADS RAILROADS BRIDGES Port Works-Irrigation Systems Correspondence Invited Laboratorio Arguelles ESTABLECIDO EN 1921 TRABAJOS DE ANALISIS, SUEROS, VACUNAS Licencia No. 1 de la Junta de Productos Biol6gicos Gobiemo de las Islas Filipinas DR. M. V. ARGUELLES Physician-Medico 806 Raon, Manila, Tel. 2-10-61 Vacuna antigeno contra la tuberculosis, usada por mucho medicos. Vacuna antitfica sensibilizadas, etc. '---------K:::indly mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE in responding to advertisements. lxxxiv THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 CENTRAl FURNITURE CO. (DY HONG & CO.) ESTABLISHED IN 1900 1l!akt1"S of Distinctive F urniture Excfof;iVI~ Design.B for Discrimina.tiny People L argest Stock of Ready-Made Furniture 333 T. Pinpin, Manila Tel. 2-14-86 ORIENTAL FURNITURE INC. Contractors and Manufacturers of all kind of Household Furniture, Office Furniture, and Store Equipment QUICK SERVICE AND REASONABLE PRICE LIM CO CHUI President F actory ancl Store : 342 T. Pinpin, Binondo LIM SIA Ma.nager Telephone 2-60-57 INSULAR FURNITURE CHUA LIAN SUN LTD., CO., FURNITURE MAN UFACTURERS AND DEALERS WHOLESALE & RETAIL Contractors for household furnishings and office equipments 355-357-359 T. Pinpin Phone 2-32-80 VARADERD DE SAN MIGUEL L. A. Chee & Co., Prop. Builders of AU Ki11d8 of SHI PS, ST EAM AND MOTOR, LAUNCHES LIGHTERS SCOWS, LORCHAS. ALSO SAIL AND LIFE~BOATS, ETC. ALL KINDS OF IRON WORKS. 200 TONS SLIPWAY. ESTIMATES FURNISHED ON ALL PHASES OF SHIPDUILDING AND REPAIRING. INQUIRIES SOLICITED. P . O. Box 1244 745 Echa~ue, Manila, P. I. Compliments of GUAN JUAT SOAP MANUFACTURING co. P. 0. Box No. 1804 913-919 Jaboneros St. Manila, P. I. COMPLIMENTS of the IDEAL AERATED WATER FACTORY 540 Sto. Sepulcro Paco, Manila Phone: 5-53-61 COLUMBIA HOTEL RESTAURANT & ICE CREAM PARLOR MANILA, P. I. Excellent service at Banquets and other social functions. Open day and night. 50-60 111. H. de! Pilar 106-108 San Luis Our Specialties: Fishing- Nets and Supplies Cotton Twines and Ropes Ta~al Braid and Hats Chemical and Drugs Tel. 2-34-60 Dental Sur;;ical Instruments and Supplie1 Re-LY -on seals and complete materials for Lemonade Factory. Etc., Etc. THE PHILIPPINE NET & BRAID MFG. CO., INC. (Incorporated 1913) PAULINO MIRANDA S AMPEDRO, Mor. P. 0 . Box 320 Tels. 4-95-85, 4-95-63 343-345 J. Luna., Manila, P. I. AMERICAN FAMILY HOTEL (Congress Hotel) 551 M. H. del P ilar, Manila P . 0. Box 547 Tel. 6-73-94 We invite visitors t o call and ins pect our hotel a nd see the many advantages offered befc.re making a rrangements for accomodation elsewhere. T. WRIGHT Prop. and Manag£"r Permanent Guests Solicited TEL. 2-32-42 P . O. BOX 1608 466 DASMARIAAS THIRD FLOOR ROOMS 6 AND T MANILA Commercial Brokerage Co., Inc-. CUSTOMS BROKERS RECEJYING & F ORWARDING AGENTS LAND & WATER TRANSPORTATION "IDEAL" Bicycles from Germany Only P49.00 Cash Guaranteed Quality Children's Bicycles, Velocipedes, Baby Carriages Bicycle Acce£sories, Etc. LA CONSTRUCTORA Y. Bun S. & C. 332-334 Gandara TAN C. TEE & CO. CONTRACTORS AND DUILDERS Bridges Culverts Wharvca Bui!di'lf.DB Pi era Co11atrucU011. Pilc-drivi11g Administration Repairs and Dcm-0lishing AFFILIATED WITH PORT LEBAK LUMBER CO., INC. WhoLualf" and Retail Lumber Deal.en Box Factory-Sash and Door MouldingFancy Uoards Olfice: 530-644 Axiles Tels.: 2-26·76, 2-11-90 Manila P. 0. Box 2271 LA PALMA DE MALLORCA 154 Calle Solana (e~quina a la Calle Real) Intramuros HOTEL-RESTAURANT-PANADERtA Y REPOSTERfA Ma1Jnffieo cdificio situo.do en el sitio m:U centrico de Jn Ciudo.d Murada. Grandcs, espaciosas y cOmodas habitacione• amuebladns l'On lujo y confort moderno. COCINA F.SPANOLA Y FRANCESA Nuestro grandioso salOn, es el predilecto de Jag mlis distinguidas cJases SOCiaJes pa ra SUS fiestas, banquetes y recepciones. Los banquetes y comidas especiales que s irve LA PALMA DE MALLORCA, son generalmente reconocidos y apreciados. UY HOO & COMPANY ELECTRICAL SUP PLIES AND GENERAL MERCHANTS 629 ONGPIN, MA.NIU. P. I. PHONE 2-33-10 ELECTRIC C ABLE ADDRESS : " UYHOOCO" MANll.A CODE USED BEN'l'L£YS Fixtures, Fan Motor•, Flat Irons, Lampt, Shades, Corda, Witl!9, Conduit and Jdouldinir. Etc., Etc. Direct Importers from United States, Europe and China. Compliment• ol Washington Cold Stores, Inc. 512 Echague Tel. No. 2-33-88 Manila, P. I. Ple•se say you saw it in THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE magazine. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE lxxxv FOR BEST RESULT, let us clean your d€licate fabrics, especially silk and woolen, under the most up-to-date and safest method. MANILA STEAM LAUNDRY Dry Cleaning & Dyeing Telephone t51-653 Mng-daJena 4-96-89 Manila Special sen·ice: Bay, Hotels, Dormitories & Homes MANILA HARNESS CO. TRUNKS, SLIT-CASES, HARNESS, SADDLES, HAND-BAGS, AND ALL KINDS OF LEATHER GOODS 41 Escolta 43 Manila,P. I. P. 0. Box 1921 Tel. 2-17-97 "EL BARA TO" THE MOST POPULAR WHOLESALE & RETAIL JEWELRY HOUSE IN THE PHILIPPINES The BEST VALUES are all stocked for your euy selection at the LOWEST possible prices Diamonds, Pearls, Precious Stones, Watches, Tablewares, Solid Gold Chains, Religious Medals and Novelties, Etc. 300 Carriedo, Manila, P. I. P. 0. Box 60 Tel. 2-51-58 TEL. 2-80·03 P. O. BOX 2166 PLEASE ADDRESS ALL CORRESPOJ\DE~CE TO MABUHAY PICTURE CO., INC. EXHIBITORS OF CHl!\ESE SILENT, SYNCHRONIZED AND TALKU\G PICTURES 724 On1pln St. Manila, P. I. We have a complete stock of Automobile Acceaaoriea and TIRES MANALO'S AUTO SUPPLY, INC. Battery Charging, Vulcanizing and Welding 608-510 Azcarraga Tel. 4-91-88 P.O. Box 1544 Manila LA ALEGRIA BENITO GONZALES 375-377 Sto. Cristo, Manila Telefono 4-89-12 Se recibcn encargos de pro,·incias harinas, aziicar y otros. Venta al por mayor y rnenor. Almacen de comestibles y bebidas de Europa y de] pafs_ Taller de Maquinaria de Luis Figueroa Machinery Repairing Foundry Shop and Welding LUIS FIGUEROA Prop. 1009 Azcarraga, Manila Tel. 4-84-21 COMPLIMENTS of RIO y DLABARRIETA Shipowners, Lumber Dealers Merchants and Consignees. 701-703 San Fernando San Nicolas MANILA VICTORIA STUDIO 657 Dart-Paco-Manila Tel. 5-41-56 TAKING PICTURES DAY ANO NIGHT W c Also Take Pictures Outside of Our Gallery-Such as Groups of Students-Societies and Picnics. ENLARGING nnd DEVELOPJ:S-C EXPE RT HAIRDRESSER Do Your Shopping This Year at MAISON ALEX. WEILL 453 Padre Gomez Manila Kinkwa Meriyasu Co. P. I., Inc. Manufacturers of Undershirts and Importers of General Cotton Goods. 451 Juan Luna, Manila P. 0. Box 1-161 Moga Auto Supply & Service, Inc. (GEN. AUTO REPAIRING & SERVICE STATION) Phone 325-Baguio--Rear of Zig-Zag Hotel .... WE CALL FOR AND DELIVER CARS .... M. PIN EDA & CO.-Maker of Fine Hats Brcuich of the L QffOf!Bt Hats Store and FadorJJ in Balitwao Om>oritc : New York Hotel Nos. 105-107 Real St., Walled City, Manila Wholesale and Retail, Import and E xport Hats Made to order in a ny shape wanted Mam.ufacturer• am.d E';rpqrlera of all kitnds of Philippine Hata. Distributor of E1ectrical Materials Embroide'T'JI Drc1tse• and Reptile Leather Good11. MA YON ELECTRIC A. S. DEL ROSARIO Cerlified Electrical Contractor 50-4 J..e.,arda. Manila TEL. 2-33-44 M. PINEDA, Prop. Installing The best electric light:INSTALLATION- REP AIR-SUPPLIES- TEMPORARY ILL UMIN A TI ON GENTLEMEN : We offer FREE INSPECTION of your electric wirin2 We do electrical work at a very low price We furnish estima te frt CALL Tel. 2-33-44 and opcm our credit with us. Do you mention this mag!lzine when writing to advertisers? Please do. lxxxvi THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 PALA CE STUDIO K. TANAKA, Proµ. WE TAKE PICTURE DAY A'.llll NIGHT 189 REAL, W. C. MANILA, P. I. TEL. 2-82-77 SHELL-ART OF THE PHILIPPINES A NEW LOCAL 11'IJL:STI!Y WORTHY OF YOLR PROTECTION BEAUTIFUL, ARTISTIC t:SEFUL ARTICLES FOR YOUR HOME MANILA SHELL ART WORKS Hei.:ular H our - to hour Sen ·il:e to A n tipolo, Hizal 49 Plaza .McKinley, Intramuros ANTIPOLO BUS TRANS. 303 A zcarraga, Manila Tel. 4-93-74 Mnin Oflicl." Antipolo, Rizal P. I. . Bl."auliful Hushes for E xc1:r,.;iu11s and l'ic11ics •.,·it Ii caJHH:itil·-> from :Hi lo 50-Pass. r;xl•t•ptiona lly lo w r11k>i-' ,!(>ud d(•Jl('ntlahll! dri vers -SEE OR CALL USREX SHIRT FACTORY T RADE (REXJ M A 10; GENERAL IMPORTERS Mtt.kcr of fine Shirt.s and Pyjam1.1:1 "OUR SPECIALTY" Shirt~ a nd P yjRmas Made T o Order I n bu)·ini; Shir ts 336 Rcgidor, Quiapo Ring up Tel. No. 2-26-87 for our Hf'prest>nla th·e wit h samples and price 11uotat ions. Always insist for our Murk "REX" Manila ESTEBAN ltAMIREZ, ftt,111aurr P O L ICAH.PO DOMINC:O, A.~ ... 1. /H(f11uy1:r E. RAMll!EZ. DO.\llNGO CO.-MACHINE SHOP We a ccept ft'pairs in a ll Ji n~.-s of ma chineries ; mou ntinG" of boUers, Crude Oil v.nd Ga~olinc 1-;n.:ines. E ng ines of Ships and Launches. Rkc- Millin\.! Apparat us and Saw Mill,;. We nlsci m:ccpt Iron ond lJronzc cast.ing" : Oxy-Acl't)·leno und E ll·ctl'ic WeldinK of all kinds of metals, clc. OUR PRICES A RE MOD1'.:RATE AND REASONAOLE TEL. -1-97-70 OFt'lCB AND SHOP-330 Moriones, T ondo M A NILA. P. l . LUZON CABARET Maknti, Rizal· H Y AUTOMOBILE GO V IA T EJ ERON UY STREET CAR TAKE PAS IG C ARS 16 MINUTES F ROM P LAZA GOITI Cool, Spacious, Ventilated Dane<.- F loor-First Class llar At J::conomy l' l'ice!I Courteous Service To All- Pa rt y Reservations Made Give t: s A Call Tabora 702-706 Tel. 4-97-66 C. DUFF, Prop. LA BODA DE ORO GLASSWARE AND HOUSEHOLD UTENSILS Branch Sto. Cristo 504-506 Tel. 4-88-87 PARPANA MACHINE RY & WELDING 808 ANTONIO RIVERA P. 0 . Box 2512 MANILA Office: Tel. 4-88-06 Residence: Tel. 2 79-95 MANILA AUTO REPAIRS 822-A Rizal A venue Ma nila- Tel. 2- 66-39 GENERAL AUTO REPAIRS AUTO ·ror. UPHOLSTERY WORK AND SPRAY P AINTING REBUILDING OF AUTO BODIES A N U.-WOODWORK FELICIANO MANUEL, Chief Atecha.11ic 'fEM: STOCL ES ELVIAA, Ma.naoer SULIT HERMANOS Machines Shop & Soldering by OxyAcetylene 813 Folgueras, Tondu Manila Tel. 4-92-49 "LA LULO" ALMACEN DE COMEST!nLES VICTOR GANTIOQUI, l'ro]J. Vt>nta de vari:is nrnrc:1s de ha1·ina, H'l.Ucar 1·efina<lo, centrifug1HJ0, en genf'ral, efcclos paru Panaderia y otros comestibles, etc., etc. Recibcn enca t'gos parn pro\'incins u 11recioi. !"nzonablcs. 530-5'12 A uar:-av-o , M:miln Tel. 4-73-06 CO YA CO Wholesale &fill lktail Wl• -;di all kinds and makl'R. ·la.I Sto. C r i,.lo Tel. ·l-~1'1-19 Ma nila, I'. 1. Compliment::; of SING HWA HAT & UMBRELLA FACTORY 680 A-B Ylaya St. P. 0. Box 2426 Manila Tel. 4-99-81 Official Photographer The Government Employee Magazine BERNABE STUDIO Manila 1868 Azcarraga Tel. 2-52-91 P. 0. Box 973 ALEJANDRO P. TAN GATUE FLAG MAKE R-GENERAL MERCHAN'l' Maker ol Flags of aJl Descriptions, Mat.tresses, Cushions, Table Cloths, Napkins, Mosquito Nets, Etc. We Ship Anywhre. Delivery Free Within· Cit y L imits. 521 Miaer icordia, Sta. Cruz, Manila Phone 2-51-27 P . 0 . Box 139!9 Leung Ming & Company BAGUIO BAKERY Dealers in a ll kinds of Canned Goods, Groceri~s. Li<1t1ori1, Dry Goodi1, H a rdware, lht.kery, l:tc. Also Al!C'llt>I of the Asaociatl?d Gasoline & Cycle Motor Oil. l"r<:c H ome Delivery w ithin Ci.tu L imit11 N o. 1 Sci1sion Road P . 0. Uox No. 81 llaguio. P. J. Tel. No. 34 THE I NTERNATIONAL DESIGNING SCHOOL My real purpose in founding t his school i11 to offer a more complete knowledKe in this line of art. My specialty in the sartorial profession is that I am a irraduate of the famous school in N ew York. "Mitchell American Gentlemen," a nd have been practising t.hia art t or more t ha n 30 yeara, in different tailorini;r shops, such as '"Cosm opolitan T ailorina-.'' W indan Str., H ong kong, ( 1912-1915) ; "The W ashinK'ton Tailoring," lloilo, Iloilo (1920-1921) ; "Ea "Oita Bazaar ," Manila, ( 1916-1919) and I a m Ex-Chief Instructor a nd Technical Adviser .,r t he Tailor ing Dept., Batangas Elementary School, Datang DY, ( 1926-1931) . So anyone desiring to ha ve a n indepe ndent. prof~sion, may call personally at my uf iice, Escolta., corner N ueva. No. 108. P. 0. Dox 23~4 NORBERTO TUASON, T echnical Director. Plea• e ment ion THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE when writin~· to advertisers. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE lxxxvil 608 A,·enida Rizal FOR FIT, STYLE & COMFORT, TRY Punsalan Tailoring LA VILLA DE HAN YONG KIM TONG HING & CO. Elcano St.. No. 529 Tel. 2-18-79 Tel. 4-81-7:1 'Ve make VATS (Cawas) for making sugar from cane JUICe which are different from the ordinary. \Ye a lso rccciYc soldering jobs and materials of excellent qualities are used all from Han Yonv.. TALLER DE HERRERIA NAVAL DE MARIANO RAMON JAO ELCANO 509, BINONDO TEL. 4-85-55 OFICIN.\ 7J.1 Ilaya Tel. 4-95-30 ALVARAN TAILORING I. E. AL V ARAN 11/n~tcr Cuft<'r RESIDENCJA 156 Prudencia 158 Tondo LAIMPORTANTE TALLER DE HERRERIA 726-728 SOLER. MANILA Tel. 2-52-59 CHUA-SING Contractor & Manager MANIGBAS AUTO SUPPLIES AND BATTERY STATION Sells Casing, Inner Tube, Gasoline, Oil, Grease, Patches, Valve Inside, Sparplug, Valve'!>, Shl'llac Tape and all accessories for Automobiles, etc. Repairs Battery, Battery Charge, Lightering, Dynamo, Generator, Starter. Receives Auto Repair, Painting, Tolda, Vestidura, Etc. 615·A A zcarraga., T ondo Manil:t "CAMACHO'S HAT STORE" 693 Ilaya, Binondo, Manila We carry in stock the different kinds of Philippine a.nd Foreign Ha.ts at moderate prices. We are makera of fine U. P. Cadet Helmets and capes, l!tc. Cleaninr. Bleacbini and Dyeing of Foreii:n and N ative Hats our specialty. Try us and be convinced. Prompt and good service guaranteed. TEL. 4-80-84 C. S. Chua-Ke TALLER DE HERRERIA 552-554-556 Calle Elcano Manila, P. I. SALANDANAN OXY-A CETYLENE WELDING AND CUTTING SERVICE We receive all kinds of Weldin{! Oxy-Acet ylene such es Tank, Boi11?r, Automobile, etc., concerning steamboats. Works are guaranteed. TOM.AS Z. SALANDAN AN, Ma:nager 711 cAz.carraga Manila, P. J. Tel. • . ESCULTi.JRA, ORNAM.ENTOS Y PINTURA de JUAN CASTILLO ller.iben toda clase de trabajos cimsi°'lentcs ni.: Ornamentos, Im:l.genes, Marcos, Tallados,. Lti.pidas, Panteones , 'Monunientos, Mausoleos de Marmol, Estatua,; de Cemento, Etc. 514 Evangt"lieta T el. 2-79-42 Manila KAPALARAN MACHINE SHOP Oxy-Acctylcne, Electric VVelding-, Tool Sharpening (vaciador) BENITO BELTRAN Prop. and Manager 1005-7 Azcarraga Manila Tel. 4-7fi-~:! T<tller de Maquinaria General Electrical Installations R. M. MORENO ~65 R. Hidalgo Tel. 2-~:i-:ir, ELECTRICAL EXPERT REPAIRS-ARMATURE RE-WINDING A. C. and n. C. Work Automobile and Radio Electric Equipment CAT ALINA L. DE CRUZ GF.NERAL MERCHANT We '°11 dresses already made fol' all occasions with eleganc~ and satis~ faction. Wholesale and R etail 684 Ylaya Tondo Manila Tel. 4-80-67 OLAN'S ELECTRICAL SHOP Batter y Scn·ice and Auto Repairs 93 Doroteo J osc, o:orner Teodora. Alonso Tel. 2-84-45 "THE ALL- AROUND SHOP Elect ric Motors. Ma'.!nctoes, Generators. Ilalteril'S, Auto Genera tors, Auto Wiring, Batte1·y Charging. We guarant~ prompt and satisfactory F.et"vicl?. FLAVIANO C. OLAN, Manager J. LIWANAG'S TAILORING l'rop. and Cutter We attend to every detail of your requirements. Have us mo.de your suits. 819 Riirnl Ave. Maniln THE HOME OF FINE S UITS EAST BEACH TRADING CO. Cable : Eastrad, Mnnila 113 M. H. de! PilRr Cod('B: Ilentley's & Private P. 0. Dox 1965 MANUFACTURERS & IMPORTERS of Pongee Silk, Crepes, Silk Goods, Kimonos. Pajamas, Underwears, Night Gowns, Sha.wls, Embroideries, Table Linens, Drawn Work-., Laces, Lace Goods, Rugs and Carpets Also a Whole Line of Chinese N ovelties, Etc. Etc. Whole111ale a.nd Retail During February we hope you will remember to mention this mar-isine. lxxxviii THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE Ja!luary, 1933 "DE LUXE" DRY CLEANING AND TAILORING N. C. MILLAR, Prop. E xpe rt cleanin~ and Press inl!'. Free collection and delivery within the city limits. F or fitnl'ss, .comfort and stylt>, han! you r suits onkrl'd at ··oc Lu-.:c T:iilorin~.' · e26 Ave. Rizal, Manila Tel. 2-51-15 Ora. Tomasa Francisco Halili Diseases of Women. Ohi;1f'l r it·!', an(I Children's Dis1•:J;<.('s C011s11ltation /lc mrs: From !l :00 to I:! :tJO A. M.-·1 :00 10 i :00 P. M. Res. Address: OCfit'e Address: 1430 Wru.hini,.-ton G-;'9 Ave. Rizal Tel. 2-G8-G3 Tel. 2-5G -02 ZAP A TE RIA "EL LUJOSO" F.MPORTUM OF STYLI S H QUA LITY SHOF.S We TC"Pa ir and make sh,!<''< to ordrr :r.,; ot:llEltTO p~; L A p A Z, } 'TOJI. F act ory and Office: 144 llu;;Ullos, Sampaloc Manila DR. FRANCISCO ANTILLON DENTAL SURGEON Olfice Address: Residence: 827 Yla ya 3-A Lake San J ua n, nizal Phone 6-~5-22 "INDEPENDENT" 1011 Azcarraga, T ondo. Ma nila T el. 4-76-83 Oxy-Ac~tylcne W~Jding and Ma chinery St•rvice Welding nil kinds of "I\frtal" s uch as: Jjrass, Alum , C. Iron, Stt:C'l, cspecially a ll piece par ts o{ A utomobile•, Boitcr.i, Cylinders, S hips, etc. Repair ing all kinds of Machinery, Boiler s, Marine-engine, Ag ricult ura l a nd R ice Mill. T. R. RECANIA, Prop. MANILA OXY-ACETYLENE STEEL CHAIR FACTORY Ma.nufacturer of Steel Cltair$ 1031 A zcar raga, T ondo Tel. 4-84-54 Manila We solder or \Vclder boiler s, par ts of aulomobil(!s and pieces of every a p parat us, such as aluniinium, brash, iron of a ny kind or st eel by our Oxy-A cetylcne and E lcc. Welding. Niekcl P lating. l S AnEL O l-1. DEL P I LA R, Prop. "FAVORITA STUDIO" de A. B. CAMPA&A I LA YA 926, TONDO E s pecialist a en las a m pliaciones y r eproducciones. Se retrata diariamentc de 7 :00 8. 12 :00 a. m. de 1 :00 a 6 :00 p, m. Nuestro taller ofrece a sus favorecedores n n servicio basado en pr ocedimientos m oder nos de artes fotogr ti.ficos. PEINADORA GRATIS BUNGA NG PINAGTIYAGAAN Hatter of VICENTE C. JIMENEZ 2223 Avenida Rizal, Sta. Cr uz, Manila Our specialtiesBleach ing Make Hats-such a s H elmets a nd .Caps We guara nty prompt and satisfactory service \'\'"hen it comes to auto repairing call up IDEAL AUTO REPAIR SHOP 1424 Azcarraga SALUSTIANO DE DIOS, Proprietor Manila Tel. 4-93-36 MOONLIGHT STUDIO 317 Juan Luna, Bdo. DAY AND NIGHT TAKING 1'2.00 Dozen with two Premiums MANILA Tel. 4-82-82 "EL MINALENO" !J-[anufa.cture of au kinds of modern grilles f or windows, doors, f ences, fire-escapes, collapsible gates, etc., at modera.te prices. Office: "EL MINALEi'l"O'' CARLOS Y. SILVA ContractOT 814 Ongpin, Sta. Cruz, Manila, P. I. HOC TEK co. TALLER DE FUNDICION Tel. 4-89-84 613 Elcano, Binondo, Manila, P. I. THE FILIPINO EXPERT INCORPORATED 314 Echague, Manila, Philippine Islands. P . 0 . Box 1036 Tel. 2-73-11 WATCH-REPAIRER, J E WE LER AND E NGRAVER. Photographs are Ageless! The years only make them more precious. For that photograph you have long wantedDeveloping, Enlarging, and Coloring DECORA ARTS & PHOTO FINISHING F. CASTRO, Manager 914 Dart Paco Manila Dr . Moises G. Bartolome Dr. Ramon S. Sevill_a DRS. BARTOLOME AND SEVILLA DENTAL S URGEONS ORAL S URGERY AND PYORRHEA CLIN IC: 625 F.c:hegue, Quia po, Manila Tel. 2-66-14 FINE ART STUDIO 921 Ylaya, Tondo, M a nila Interior and Exter ior Pictures Taken-Moderate Prices Z. PABILONA, Pr oprietor If you wantFit, Style, Elegance Order your Suits To Madlangawa-Fashion Tailoring I. MADLANGAWA, Prop, 553 Azcarraga Tel. 4-73-19 Manila Compliments of KIAN HUA & CO. 224 Rosario St. P. 0. Box 540 MANILA, P. I. KWONG WING LUNG WHOLESALE & RETAIL GROCERS Telephone 5-'12-86 P. 0 . Box 1021 1443· 5 Herran, P aco :Manila. P . I. Do11 t for&"et to mention this magazine when answering advertisements. January, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE lxxxix NOT-Women, Wine and Song But .... BEAUTY MUSIC and LINTIK COCKTAIL We invite the General Public Our Products Are Guaranteed to visit and try our CARRIAGE FACTORY This is one of c >Ur recently constructed trucks for the HALILI TRANSIT, for which firm we have built many of them. You can see them and convince yourseJf of the quality of our makes. WE KNOW HOW TRUCK and AUTOMOBILE BODIES DUCO PAINTING AWNINGS EL LUZON CARRIAGE FACTORY 336 MORIONES TON DO Mention this magazine, please, in responding to advertisements. XC THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 Gets P7,500 Cash ~""'or One Foot The photograph above shows Mr. W. F. Savale, District Manager for the Philippines of the Asia Life Insurance Company giving Mr. Filemon Ortega, of Tarlac, Tarlac, a check for P7,500 cash for the Joss of one foot under the terms of his combined life and accident insurance policy with that company. On July l, 1932, Mr. Ortega applied for a P15,000 policy with the Asia Life Insurance Company. Three months later he was returning home from a bird-shooting expedition with a friend. He was riding on horseback with his shotgun suspended across his shoulders. The horse ran away, Mr. Ortega was thrown and the gun exploded shooting Mr. Ortega's leg so badly that the foot had to be amputated abo,·e the ankle. Never before has the value of this kind of protection in these islands been so clearly demonstrated, for this P7,500 check-the largest ever to paid out for an accident of this character in the Far Ea•t-has been a source of great assistance and comfort to Mr. Ortega and his family in their misfortune. The Asia Life Insurance Company has many policy holders in the Philippines and merits your confidence not only because that company offers very liberal terms but also because they have never failed to pay all claims promptly without the necessity of legal procedure or any formality whatsoever besides filling out the necessary claim papers. SAVINGS and PROTECTION ag.ainst ALL HAZARDS THIS IS WHAT YOU WANT Detach the coupon below and mail it to us at once and we will advise you the rate at your age for a policy similar to that supplied Mr. Ortega above. MUA LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY Samanillo Building, Manila P. 0 . Box 2776 Without obligating me in any way pleas!' send me r·ompletc infot'mation fol' my age regarding your SPECIAL COMBINATION POLICY. Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Occupation . . ..... . ... . ... . .. . . .. . . .... . Address Date of birth . .. .. . . . . ...... .. ..... . . .. .. . . .. .. ... ... . . . . . ... . .. . . . . . .... . .. . . Weight .... . ....... . .... . .... .. . . ... . . . Height .. ... . .. . .. ... . .. . . . . . . .... . . . . . Mailing in this coupon is the one act in your life that you will never regret For WITH AN ASIA LIFE POLICY "YOU REST ASSURED" Do you mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE? We hope you will. January, 1933 SURVEY SAMPLING DEMONSTRATION THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE COPY LAYOUT ART YNCHAUSTI & CO. FOUNDED 1854 INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY FOUNDED 1831 LA INSULAR CIGAR & CIGARETTE FACTORY FOUNDED 1883 TABACALERA FOLDERS BOOKLETS CATALOGS FOUNDED 1871 DIRECT MAIL CINE SLIDES OUTDOOR Sole Advertising Solicitors for Provincial Telephone Compahy Directories. P. M. ESCAT MANAGER 333 CRYSTA!, ARCADE TEJ,JWHONJ<; 2-23-:n When writing to advertisers please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. xci xcii THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1938 JOIN THE Incorporated under the laws of the Philippint• Islands on October 12, 1925 A membership in the Automobile Association vf the Phili pp i ne~ will entitle you to I. Free emblem 2. Free mechanical first aid 3. Free tire change 4. Free transportation of emergency supplies of ga soline or oil to any car within city limits. S. Free towing when the car is disabled beyond emergency repairs, to home of the car owner, or to any other shop in the city 6. Free Legal Service 7. Free Pl,000.00 Travelers' Accident Policy. METROPOLITAN THEATER BUILDING Offices Rooms and Shops for Rent at Reasonable Rates Ideal location and parking space For information apply to The Secretary, Metropolitan Theater Co. Phone 2-18-49 COMPLIMENTS OF SOFIA H. VILLEGAS Filling Contractor Vito Cruz 812 Tel. 5-66-58 Manila LYRIC BEAUTY PAR LOR • . . . Hair Curling- any style you may wish Hair Waving-either large or smaU DAY AND NIGHT SERVICE CATALINA MUYOT DE NICOLAS, Prop. 505 Azcarraga Tel. 4-74-22 SANTIAGO S. NICOLAS Former watch-repairman with Estrella de! Norte and El Meridian ; 25 years continuous experience. All work guaranteed. Work at patrons' homes accepted. LA NECE'SIDAD MERCANTIL J ewels and jewelry at low prices 505 Azcarragia Phone 4-74-22 Compliments of Juan F. Nakpil, P.A.S. (Member Philippine Architects Society) In answering advertisements please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. January, 1938 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE xciii Sensible Wives: Be More Useful and Pleasing to your Hubbies and Kids. Fair Maidens: Prepare for your Opportunity, lest He will find you Wanting in Domestic Qualifications. Single, Married and Widowed Women alike: . Here is a Voc:it.ion that Will Put You on the road to Prosperity. Study DRESSMAKING, FOOn PREPARATION and DECORATIVE WORK in th~ niftiest and most up to dat<> of All schools of its kind in the City. TR.AUE CO~IE to the SCHOOL OF HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRIES 801 Lepanto, Corner Azc:arraga, Manila, P. I. f.racluation eXC"rC'i:->C's, l\larch 4. tH:{3. :X<.>xt course brgins March 6. MRS. PACITA WALTER AZARRAGA, Dean. Furnwr'11 l1u•f 1"•1dor i11 Cluti:iitf/ :!, The Natiounl Tcadtet•s' Collcoc /ui;filut1; .,f 'l'r'(0 /11w !oy•1 THF. IlF.ST OF AJ.T. l.i\'C~ h1.·:1ut;.· UIHI h;:1•pi11t•:;:<. Ct•ntral Officl': VALERIANO AlJTOMOTIVE & ELECTRICAL SCHOOL (Formerly Philipp:ne Trade & E:;'inccring School) J-12-:lH Malabon St, corner ni~.ul Avenue, Sta. Cruz, Manila P. 0. Box 2;.,77 Tel. 2-69-30 "Are You Mechanically Inclined'" AUTOMOBILE LEARN EASY -::!:! Pa,·i", Tondo. Muniin T.·I. The automobile industry offers a sp),,.ndid opportunity for mechanically inclined men. The only wa y t o prepare for a bette r position in the Automobile Business and in Motordom is through theoretical a nd practical study. Courses in Automobile are offered by Valeriano Automotive and E leet rical School. Scicntilic facial treatme nt, p1.•rmant"11t wavin:,: lin;..:-cr wavinl?, croriuiJ:rno!e c'Jr!s , m:1nicurin~. hair-dyeing are yours at v1.. ry reasonable prices. LA FEMME CHIC HAIR DRESSING & BEAUTY CULTURE SALOON MANUELA TA~Q L'I:>;"TIC-Prop. Try us, and be satisfied. Ring up for an appointment. 2284 Azcarra:;a Tel. 2·t'~-78 F. SANTOS OFFJCIAL AND COMMERCIAL PHOTO· GRAPHER OF THE HERALD AND MABUHAY DEVELOPING, PRINTING ENLARGING & FRAMING 1038 Ave. Rizal Tel. 2-10-s.i Manila Our Graduates arc our credentials. Students from other Schools in the City have trans· ferrcd to this School. Visit Valeriano Auto· motive and Electrical School before enrolling in any other school. No previous experience is needed. We gUarantee your success or mo· ncy back. Classes throu~hout the year. Coursea Offered: • Certified Automotive En1tineer Aut:omotive Mechanic Automotive E lectrician Automobile Driving Battery Expert Welder For JJO,Tticu.la.r11 sec or write the President J. A. VALERIANO Founder of the fm;t Automobile School in the Philippines R. SOLIMAN BEAUTY PARLOR HAIR DRESSER Keep Your Hair Sparkling and Alive Call on us for u Finger 1Vave, Massage, or a Manicure 18 Career-Corner R. Hidalgo Tel. 2-18-23 Taller de Maquinaria, Herreria y Fundicion y Soldadura· por Oxy-Acetyleno de Valen tin Sunico OFFICE: PANCITERIA FAR EASTERNHotel & Restaurant 10!1 Pl:i7.a Sta. Cru7. l'hmws: 2-:1<.:rn-2-67-2ii Our p·ricc rcdurr(l 50'/~ now Tlw most t-conomical Luxurious Chin<'i<e Pancitcria in Manila Well Ventilutcd Private Rooms Attentive and Courteous Service Abundant H.nd Excdl<'nt Cood Elevator free to Hnof Garden Free home delivcry-~~:inila or Province "GOLD RIBBON" TYPEWRITER REPAIR SHOP G~VEHNMENT CONTRACTOK Phone 2-G0-92 I'. 0. lh:x 2790 1004 Rizal Avl'nue SUL Cruz. Maniln Es pecialist in Typl•writc r of all makes, Add;n~.~ and Calculntin:! machint·s. Phonographs. Cash Hl:!i;:istcr, Iron Snfc, llindini,: Clock, J;;lrc· tric fan, Ronl-O Du1>licator, etc. Guarantee: Prompt cnul f:f/h·ic11/ Sn1·irc /\. L. RAMOS, Manar11:r. FRESH MILK From Healthy Cows Pure Fresh Unadulterated Also Buttermilk and Cheese P roduced under Sanitary Condition~ Use orir genuine milk a-nd avoid substitutt•s and s111dhdic products. SANTA MESA DAIRY FARM Tel. 6-76-'13 902 Cordeleri21 DR. TEODORA G. EUSEBIO LAOY DENTIST 814 Ylaya Manifa NEW IDEAL STUDIO 395 R. Hidalgo Tel. 2-79-59 '\\·e take pictures outs ide of our galler)·s ucb as Groups of Students, Societiee and Picnics. ENLARGING AND DEVELOPING Paseo Azcarraga 216 Tel. 4-88-28 Residence: 1108 Cavite St. E. T. GONZALES OPTOMETRIST & OPTICIAN 21 years Experience Moderate Pri"ces • -1543 Azcarraga Manila BRANCH 321 Legarda, Sampaloc In front of "Cine Moderno" Tel. 2-75-25 Elisa's Beauty Parlor Tel. 4-84-23 909 Ila:ya. Tondo Experienced Since 1919 YOUR CHOICE OF ANY STYLE OF PERMANEN'f WAVING BY USING FREDERICS, CAVSONS' AND NESTLE METHODS EzcluaWc diatn·butors BRANCH 609 Azcarraga, T ondo Entrance "Ideal Barber Shop" CA VSONS' .. REALISTIC HAIR FRIZZLER .. ..CAVSONS' HAIR SHINER .. Hair curler that will not destroy the inherent strength, color and Juster of the hair. .. CA VSONS' HAIR DRESSER .. UP·to-date dresser for the hair. F or making the hair glossy and stron.:. ..CA VSONS' HAIR SHAMPOO" Odorous hsir clea ner. In answering advertisements please mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. xciv THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 SAY KIM CHIENG & BROS. DRY GOODS AND NOVELTIES 46-48 Rosario Cor. 200-2-4 S&n Vi~ente, Dinondo P. O. Uox 1451 Manila, P. I. VOA. E HIJOS DE ONG JIAC KIM Chineleria y Chucheria Special Christmas Sale 527-529 Sto. Cristo Manila P. EDUARDO Filling Contractor Gravel, Sand, Stones, etc. 753 Aguilar Manila For your car t:-oub:e,; Call up Tel. 2-76-20 MALIG ELECTRICAL SERVICE AND AUTO SUPPLY 1024 H1znl Aw•., Mun ila N. K. CORDERO f'. M. MALIG Office In charge Chi1'/ t."lcctr ician LA ECONOMIA Shirt Factory 902 Ylaya, Tondo, Manila Contractor by MRS. CRISTINA L . DE G ATMAITAN Proprietor LUIS BROS. FILLING CONTRACTORS VUtdcn. Gra.va.. Are1l4, Piedra$, Cal. Ccmcnto, La.drillo• v Baldo8'14 Precios Rat.onable~ MARCOS S. LUIS 806 Folgueras, Tondo, Manila Tel. 4-74-60 JERUSALEM BAZAAR 745-747 Tabora Everything we sell is less in price. PEDRO J. YSRAEL Import.,,· and Exporter 674 Ylaya Manila Tel. 4-93-70 948 Azcarraga Tel. 4-71-30 LOYAL HOTEL If you look for comfort and diet best for your hWth and most economical f or your purse, nobody can offer you, but we, with our courteous and unlimited day and night 11ervice. ISMAEL BAUTISTA Gcnera.l Manager COMPLIMENTS of TAY SHING HARDWARE CO. Gen.eral Ha.rdware a.nd Elutrical SuP7Jlie1t 1035 Laveures, Manila Tel .f.-91-29 ANG TUNAY Slipper, Harness & Shoe Factory Aleo selling Reta.zos, Poplin, Percules. Towels, Rayon, Plain Crepe, Printed Silk, Printed Pranel, White Sheeting Coco Crea, etc. We sell by meter or by kilo. DALMACIO S.A.NTlAGO, Prop. Main Office: 627 Sta. Me.:ia, Manila HOC CHUAN HO General Mcrcha.nt a'11d Hair Pomade Factr>r11 Ideal Margarine Factory T. Kalaw Ng Khe, Prop. 626 Florent ino Torres, Manila Tel. 2-27-36 BAGUIO TRADING COMPANY GroG~:: ~i;~~~~~·pc~!tc:~~ ¥i~;:!lis~esDry Reasonable Prices Prompt Delivery Service Iii-II 8~si;ion Rond Tel. 20, lla~uio COMPLIMENTS of BARTOLOME TRANSPORTATION 33 Plaza Dilao, Paco Manila Tel. 5-65-93 LA CIUDAD DE NANKIN Cigarette Factory 414 Salazar Manila Tel. 4-86-90 FOX STUDIO de N. ADACHI Herran No. 2041, Paco MANILA SAVE MONEY Don't throw your old hate away. Have them cleaned and blocked at PORTILLO'S ot Pl.51) only Manila .f.16-417 A. Mabin i COMPLIMENTS of COLEGIO DEL BEATERIO 157 Sta. Lucia, W. C. Manila COMPLIMENTS of F. DE LA CANTERA Civil Engineer 324 Sama nillo Bldg. Tel. 2-25-90 Manila Talleres de Escultura FELINO ABDON Escultor 631 Evangelista, Sta. Cruz, Manila LA DICHA Ci:;ar and Cigarette Factory Wishes PROSPERITY AND HAPPINESS 'fHiS NEW YEAR to all The City Hall Employees a.nd Laborers YEE WING CALDERERO. CONTRATISTA CONTRACTOR Boiler-Maker Iron Work No. 1001 Velasquez, Tondo, Manila Don't say Soda--"Say VIVA" THE WESTERN CHEMICAL AND DRUG CO. Tel. .f.-!>9-52- P. 0. Box 1017 763 Magdalena Manila, P. I. EL BRILLANTE de D. TRINIDAD E HIJOS 152 Escolta Manila T el. 2-53-34 J ewelry, Watches, Engraving, Wat Repairing, Gla~swares and Tablewares KWONG ME CHAN Toyo, Vinagre and Achara Dealers WOON HO 440-442 T. Pinpin BENlTO GAERLAN & CO. SUGAR AGENCY Cable Address: "CHINHUACO P. 0. Box 24(0-Tela. 2-lg..31, 2-84-90 326--3!!8 Nuev&. St. Manila. P. I. AGUILAR MACHINE SHOP CELESTINO AaUILA..B, Prop. Expert repairing of all kinde of machines-Steam Enlrine. Crude Oil and Gasoline. Acetylene and Electric Weldin11r, our 111ecialtJ'. 216 Lacandula, Tondo Tel. "4·88-U Bn.L BoABDa Housa Posn:u SIQ1"B NATIONAL ADVERTISING Promoter of AdfUlrlVifl{1 Proild.9 148 Guipit, Sampaloe Manila, P. I. E. SIKAT Manaa-er Telephone 2-36-H We will thank you to meution this magazine when answerinir advertisements. J~nuary, 1933 THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE xcv CANDIES, BISCUITS and REFRESHMENTS M. Y. SAN CO. 69 Eseolta. Manila T<"l. 2-56-28 FUKUYAMA, NISHINO & CO., INC. Importers and Exporters 129 Juan Luna P. 0. Box 346 Tel. 4-75-73 Manila HUA TOO & CO. Importers of Chinese Goods 1102 San Fernando Manila COMPLIMENTS OF THE PAW NSHOP of ANTONIO LEJARDE 13·19-1351 Rizal A ve., M anila Established, Year 1912 TEL. 2-55-56 LA COP A DISTILLERY Alcohol and Liquors 929 Magdalena, Manila Tel. 4-95-06 CO BAN LING & CO BAN KIAT HARDWARE, PAINT AND AUTO SUPPLY ALMACENES DE PINTURAs·, HERRAMIENTAS Y EFECTOS DE CARROCERIA, ETC., ETC. 197-199 Rosario, Binondo T el. 2-20-69 ANGEL JOSE TRANSPORTATION COMPLIMENTS of the "LA CONFIANZA FURNITURE FACTORY" 372 T.· Pinpin Manila, P. I. Office Store: Tai. 2-69-67 GO TUICO & CO. Hats, Ropes & Caramelo Dealer 374 Sto. Cristo Manila Tel. 4-88-36 COMPLIMENTS o! CHING CHUAN SING Grocery Stor<' and Sh<"ll Ga..;olinc Dealers 531 Mlle. dc ninondo Tel. 4-81-92 Manila -FOR RENT RESIDENCECA\' ITE nOULEV ARD-llcnutiful rN>iden('e al 12';5 M. H. de! Pilar locatc.-d near Cnvile lloulevard. Apply REAL ESTATE OF WIDOW & SONS OF F. M. LIM TUICO 200 Rosario, Manila "EL ARTE"-Shoe Store Made to Order and Repair GREGORIO DEL ROSARIO Proprietor 618 R. Hidalg-o, Quiapo, Manila CO CHUN HUAT Chocolate & Coffee Factory 712 Dart, Paco Manila Tel. 5-48-01 BEECH'S CARRIAGE FACTORY 267 San Marcelino Reparador de 'l'oda Clase de Autos y Fiibrica de Trucks CENTRAL ELECTRICAL SERVICE We are aellini electr-ical m ater ials, repairini: motors, <>lectric fane, everything electrical. Call us by phone. We render a good service. 248 Ong pin, Binondo Tel. .t-86-88 VISITEN LA CASA Maluenda-Escolta Ultimas Novedades Smoke LA NOBLEZA Cigars 409 Tayuman, Manila, Tel. 4-97-84 THE RIZAL BED FACTORY Manufacturer of Iron Beds and MattrHBes Manila, P. ]. 783 Av~. Rizal P. 0 . Box 2188 ASK FOR A FREE CATALOGUE ESTRELLA STUDIO 466 Nueva St., Binondo Manila, P. I. We take good pictures with Moderate prices. CU Ml'DIMf:NTS OF ZULUAGA Y ERQUIAGA P. 0. Ilox N o. 20G3 Clave en Uso: A. U. C. MANILA TA TIACO-LEGASPI-LIGA0-1 RIGA-HU I../\~ llARAG UAN-CAT ANDU AN gs IS LAS FILIPINAS COMPLIMENTS OF EL DORADO OIL WORKS 616 Nat. City Bank Bldg. P. 0. Box 1171 Tel. 2-23-~2 Manila Dir~ct Importers Wholesale a nd Retail Complete Stock of D.M.C., M.F.A. and C.B. Embroidery Threa rfa at the lnw(•f;t prict-s GO SINGCO SONS & CO 129 Rosario, Ma nila KIM Kl GROCERY KO PIO CO, Prop. IMPORT ER Wholeaa/c and Retail Gro('C'rs Phones; 2-41-77, 2-66-50 122 Villalobos MANILA, P. 1. PHILIPPINE AERATED WATER FACTORY WHOLESALE 712·720 Misericordia P. 0 . Dox 176• RETAIL Manila, P. 1. Telephone 2-11·52 ORIENTAL F URNITURE, INC. Contractors a nd Manufacturers of all kind of Household F urniture, Of fice Fur niture 1md St.ore Equipment QUICK SEftVICF. AND REASONABLE PRICE LlM CO CHUI, Pre1. LIM SIA, Mgr. Factory and Store : 342 T . Pinpin. Binondo Telephone 2"'60-67 Complim ent• of th-e Seaacm CORONA SUPPLY CO. PE YTOK, G. s: CORONEL, Ma714ger Secretarr1 Importer of Paper and Stationer ies, Distribu· tors, Sporting GoDda, Publisher of Books and School Devices, Bookbinders, P rinters and Etc. 400·402 Juan Luna, Binondo Manila, P. 1. Tel. 4-82· 12 P. 0. Dox 2161 ROSENDO DYCHAUCO 1908 ESTABLISHED 1908 Direct Import, America, Amoy, E urope, Hongkong Goods, Wholesale and Retail, Chinaware, Glassware, Lamps, Flowerpot, F ishnets, L inen Thread, Shell for Window, Enamel Ware, Etc., Etc. 318-320 Santo Cristo St. Man ila, P . I . Tel. "4·93-60 Do you mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE? Please do. THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE January, 1933 STUDIO No. 2 Soler, Canto Azcarraga Manila Tel. 4-87-2C Si Vd. desea encontrar 11na Galeria amplia y ventilado, como t ambien de los retratos de las nuevas creaciones, venid a visitarnos para que asi se convensan de! todo. Tambien recibimos toda clase de trabajos al ampl'laciones, oko pastel, al crayon y otros m[is concernientes al ramo. Precios moderados y conwncionales. Prontitud y Esmero. TOILET ARTICLES-MEDICINES FOR DRUG STORES-SUNDRIES 1;v~n Mr. Cod, monopoliBt 1wod11ccr of r ·1Hllir1-r oil. h<:s rrdniowlerlyul thut l>cal 1rilh us 111Hl ~d a S fluarc deal. Ou1· goods arc .inst as good, yet wc sell cheaper t.han anr other <lcakr an~·\1·hcrc. We have in stock everything ~·ou need. OSSIN is "" enormous improv('m<·1'\ on hi~ own pn•durt. In fact, hi~ offs1>rin1? fairly be-ams with joy whf'n the :;poon lilk·d with lhl: S\ \"<.•ct crC'amy Ossin comes in hight, becautie h(' k nows; "IT T ASTE5 SO GOOD" FREE CITY DELIVERY-CALL BY PHONE Aflc r e very meal he categorically insists on hnvinl!' his !ipoonful of Ossin. OSSIN is the only German- CODI.IV ER OIL Jo..:MULS10N on the market and hl'ing mixed with YOLK OJo' EGG it greatly enhances the curative and restorative value of thl' pure- codliHr oil. AMERICAN EXCHANGE COMPANY For safe al all Dnir1 Stores Agents: INHELDER, WALCH CO., LTD.-Manila ••ormula.:-Codlivcr oil 40';{: Yolk of' C~I! 10%: Cale. Lactate 0.3%; Cale. HypophoS 0.3'/<- : Tnurn.canth . .i.2 1/ ~ ; Ad. Dest. 45.2% . (Manufacturers' Representatives) Imt>orters & Exporters (Established in 1920) 807-809 Soler, Sta. Cruz Tel. 2-55-45 FREE Estimates for your future building project S. ARELLANO CHUA SIONG BUILDING CONTRACTOR & LUMBER DEALER 627 Soler Tel. 2-69-09 We receive all kinds of works speciall11 in tyw:~~:n~Jcln';l ~'t~e::'S:ie~~af:o8~ f:::, :c,~,[ Satving ma.ch.inc, etc. WITH ONE YEAR GUARANTEE JACINTO QUIAZON & CO. TYPEWRITER REPAIR" SH OP GOVERNMENT CONTRACTOR 1311 Avenida Rizal, Manila Tel. 2-76-28 LUCKY STUDIO l 11 2 San Fnnnnd() Tel. .t-81-02 Day and Night S ervice Reasonable Price -BranchesNl'w S tudio 1011 Snn Fernando Beauty SlUflio 555 Nueva ESTAULtSHED 1900 KING HIAP HING MJUROR F.4.CTORY Tel 4-84-36 P. 0. Ilox 2545 • 105 Salazar Dinondo, Manila -GLASSIt's use assures bright , cheerful interiors. Tha t.'s why everbody likes to use it. U'hy 11ot try a. gla3s of our dcliciO'U.$ wi11c11! IVc 111a11ufrut1trc rr.ll kinds of Lii1uor, wi1u:s (1Jld 41.cohol! Since 1852 DEST!LERIA LIM TUACO & CO., INC. ESTABLISHED 1852 !i27-54:J Gandara St. P . 0 . Ilox 487 Manila, P. I.- Telephone 2-70-57 BAGOONG-DRIED FISH ALL KINDS OF PHILIPPINE ISLANDS Mrs. BENITA M. LABRADOR (Cable Address: "LABRADOR") 646 Haya, Manila Tel. 4-93-46 LA PARISIEN DRESSMAKER. EMBROIDERY AND HEMSTITCHING. LUCIA BARDELOSA Proprietor San l\Iareclino 88 Tel. 8-51-83 l\Innila Don't Say BEER Say CASCADE TOKYO GROCERY 625 R. Hidalgo Sole Agency Philippine Islands Don't forget to mention THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE. GUARANTEED VALUES UNPRECEDENTED! UNUSUAL! BUYERS TAKE NO RISK! INVESTIGATE! This Company has faith in a large measure of prosperity in the near future and offers contracts on lots in its two highest sections by which Buyers pay according to bona fide increases in values. There has never been offered a more straightforward, safeguarding contract. It is possible and comparatively safe for this Company because of ADDITION HILLS unequalled values and the practical certainty of rapidly rising values and prices. BE A PROPERTY OWNER! INSURE AGAINST THE FUTURE! Good real estate is the only possession that cannot burn up, blow away or be stolen and, if at the edge of a growing City like Manila, is sure to steadily increase in value. Sections "H" and "I" adjoin the Wack Wack Golf Club and the new, wide Pasig Boulevard Extension (the short route to Pasig) and is the highest land that can be supplied with Metropolitan Water. These sections offer a magnificent panoramic view of Manila and mountains and are, without question, the choicest and coolest residential sites adjoining Manila,. Without such unequalled advantages and many others we can show you, our new contract guaranty would be foolhardy and ruinous to this Company. But with them we take practically no risk and Buyers none at all. A 10% discount will be allowed until completion of Pasig Boulevard Extension. Investigate now before prices are raised and discount withdrawn! J oh·n D. Rockefeller, the wM·ld'~ riche.~f man, Rays, "Bwy whe>·e th e property tnw1t increase fn value and when~ it is for the intere!tl of the seller to ha1'e fhut property grow. Don't delny. Get in while yo11 r.a1 1. Life has a habit of favori11g decisive men." EXTRAORDINARY HOME BARGAINS We have several fine homes for sale on <>x · tremely easy terms and at prices THAT WILL ASTONISH YOU. 11 People who accunrnlqte real money nei,•er do it 1t1erel11 by sa pi11g."-Henry Ford. " Rent Estnf .~ i!t any growi ng com munity is the MO"eaf. arid safeRf of nil h11•e,qfmenf R, btcau.qe c u1 the p op1tlation trib1tfai·y to it be com es gr ea fet· and denser , values stead-ily ri~e."-H e 11 r y },fcll·gant/in11, JI/It/I imi/lona ire. P. D. Carman Co., 210 Arias Bldg., Manila. Without obligation please send information on a guaranteed lot requiring about P . . .. . ... mon~hly. A bargain home and lot at about P . . .. . .. monthly. Name . .. . . . .. . .. . .. . .. . Address ...... .... . .... . Occupation . . .. . . . .. ... . . . . . to meet modem hauling needs! POWERFUL ® SPEEDY @ BEAUTIFUL Behind every INTERNATIONAL Truck stands over one~quarter century of automotive engineering experience and one century of manufacturing activity. Operate An International! INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY OF PHILIPPINES 154 M. COMILLAS MANILA, .P. I. BRANCHES IN CEBU-DAVAO-ILOILO-LEGASPI-TABACO-TACLOBAN-VIGAN Su.ar New• P reu, Manila