Culture of Vegetables, Prepared by the Bureau of Plant Industry.pdf

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Part of The Local Government Review

extracted text: Culture Of Vegetables, Prepared. By The Bureau Of Plant Industry Ampalaya.-Ampalaya grows on ordi· nary garden soil, but thrives better on a soil rich in humus. Plants 4-5 seeds per hill 5 cm. deep in rows 120 cm. apart and 80 cm. ~etween hills in the row. Later on thin the plants to 2-3 per hill. Provide trellis for the rainy season crop; the dry season plants, how ever may be allowed to creep on the ground. Cultivate with hand tvol or :mimals.·drawn cultivator- when the vines begin to climb or creep, as the case may be, and plow between the rows a week later. A hectare of land requires about 6-S kilos of seeds. Batao._:_Batao succeeds on OI'(linary garden soil, but grows best on loam soil. Beans (:Bountiful an·d Kentucky Wo: nder) .-P~ant these beams during the cold season from October to November or later during the rainy season. The seeds should be sown direct in wellprepared furrows, about 80 cm. to 1 meter apart in the case of field planting. For backyard planting, the soil should be well dug and pulverized. Under bbth conC')itions, the d1 'stance of planting should be 50 cm. apart, depending upon the richness of the soil and the method of cultivation employed. 'Wleeding and cultivation are done when the weeds begin to appear and every now and then befor·e the plants begin to bloom. The Kentucky Wonder needs trellis, while the Bountiful can be grnwn without trellis or pole. Usually, from 6 to 8 k1 ilos of seeds are needed to plant a hectare and form 2 to 3 seeds are allowed per hill. Cabbage.-The soil and cultural requirements of cabbage are :s.imilar to those of pechay. The distance of planting should be 70 cm. by 60 cm. Dressing w,ith 250-300 kgm. of ammonium sulphate is necessary. Early measures for the prevention of insect and disease attacks should be taken. Chayote.-Plant the chayote fruits on seedbed. After about 3 weeks transPage 596 plant them in the field at a distance of 2 m. by 2 m. Provide lattice or trellis for the vine to climb. The fruits may te harvested in 3 months or .so from planting. Thi.s vegetable is best grown in cold regions. Cowpeas ..... Cow.peas succeed well on we!l-dra.ined loam or clay loam soil. Plant the seeds in a thoroughly prepared land in -rows 30-50 cm. apart in the row. Cultivate the field when the plants are about 30 cm. high with a 5-tooth cultivator and plow between the rows after a week or so. Ai hectare of land require.3 7-9 kilos -of seeds. Eggplant.-A r1 ich soil or one that is light, .porous, fertile and well drained, is b12tter for eggplant culture. Sow the seeds in the seedbeds or seedboxes, cover with fine sandy :soil, and then water sufficiently. About the fifth day after germination, prick the plants in another .seedbed. In about one month from pricking transplant in a well-prepare.d plot or field at 60 cm. by 80 cm. CuL tivate, weed, and water occasionally. If the plants grow stunted, apply a liberal amount of well-rotted manure or nitrogenous fertilizer. The seed requirement per hectare is 500-700 grams. Garlic.-Plant direct in a thoroughly prepared field with a sandy loam or clay loam soil. Use the small-sized bulbil:s as planting material. Plant the seeds in rows 30-40 cm. apart and 10-15 cm. between hills in the row. Set the bulbils with their tips above the surface and press the soil gently around the base. Weeding, cultivation, and regular watering should be done, with application . of fertilizer during the growing 'Period. Allow the bulbs to mature in the field before harvesting for drying and curing. Kibal.-This legume does well on loam or clay loam soil with good drainage. Plant in hms 80 cm. a.part in the row and one meter apart between rows at the rate of 3-4 seeds per hill. Allow DECEMBER, 1949 the plant to creep on the ground. Cul~ tivate with a 5-tooth cultivator or hand tool when the p;ants are about 20 cm. tall, and plow between the rows a week or so thereafter. To plant a hectare of land, 6-7 1 kilos of seeds are needed. Lettuce.-Same as mustard. Planting should be in dril1s or holes, either by directly sowing or by trans.planting the seedlings. Transplant at a distance of 20 cm. by 30 cm: Mustard.- Same as pechay. Onion.- Onion thrives well on any kind. of soil with sufficient supply of moisture and good drainage, but a porous, mellow arid friable soil with an adequate supply of available plant food is ideal. Onion (big bulb) is usually propagated by seeds. A hectare of land requires 3-4 kilos of seeds. The distance of planting is 15-20 cm. in the row, the di.stance between rows or ridges for single~double-row system being 40-50 cm. for hand cultivation, and the distance for animal cultvation 60-80 cm. The seedlings are transplanted at the age of 5-7 weekis. The plants should be cultivated whenever necessary. 1 Watering should be more frequent in the light, sandy soils than in heavy or clay soils. Rice paddies may also be 1 planted to onions after the rice crop has been harvested by cutting the rice stubbles close to the ground and by using straw (7-10cm. in thickness) as mulch to minimize the use of irrigation water and to con· trol the growth of weeds. The crop matures in 3-4 months after transplantin(!. Matured bulbs are recognized by their shriveled tops or softened necks. Native onion.-Same as garlic. Patani.- 1 Patani grows on well-drained ordinary garden soil, but thrives hest on rich loam or clay loam ~oils. Prepare the .]and and plant in furrows 1-1.2 m. apart each way. P'rovide siakes for support. Weed and cultivatt) 0ccasionally. Hill the rows of plants before puttinl! trP.llis. A hectare of land ref!Uires 5-6 kilos of seed. Patola.-Patola p,-rows. best on welldrained clay loam 1soils. althoul!h ordinary garden soil if well-drained will also DECEMBER, 1949 do. Plant in hills 1-1.5 m. apart. Weed the field whenever necessary. In field planting during the rainy season crop should be proviued with trellis. About 6-8 kilos of seeds are needed per hectare. Pea,s.-Plant peas direct in furrows 80 cm. apart and 50 cm. between hills in the furrow. Cover the seeds with fine soil about 5 cm. thick and press them lightly so foat the soil will be compact about them. As the seedlings develop, hilling should be done around the 1 plants When the vines begin to form provide trellis between every two rows for· the plants to climb over. Keep the soil well cultivated and irrigated. A void the use of too much nitrogenous fertilizers to obtain a high yield of pods. 'Planting ~hould be done during the cold season ('November to January). The crop is ready for harvest in 2 months or so from planting. A• round 6-8 kilos of seeds are n·eeded for 1 hectare. Pechay.-For pechay culture, a rich and well-drained soil is .preferable. Beds in the open garden must be raked or the soil 1 sifted until it is worked into a fine tilth. Mix thoroughly rotted manure before planting. Either broadcast or drill in furrows in a we!Lprepared land or in seedboxes under halfshade. Transplant in a bed 50 cm. by 1 m. at 40 cm. bw 30 cm. iW.eed and cultivate regularly with a hoe or plow. A regular application of. nitrogenous fertilizers at the rate of 300 kilos of ammonium sulphate per hectare twice a month 1 should be made. '.Wutering should be done every day during dry w<:ather. The seedage per hectare is 0.8 to 1 kilo. Radish.-Radish thrives best on rich, well-drai ned loam soil with an ample supply of moisture. Drill thinly in shallow furrows and cover very lightly with fine soil. Planting should be about 20 cm. by 50 cm. Ridge the soil along the rows if big roots are d2sired. Radi~h muot have ample moisture, otherwise the roots will be tou.gh and stringy. Cultivate and weed occasionally, · Matures in 20-50 days from planting .. · A hectare of land needs 14-20 kilos of Page on seeds. Sitao.-Sitao thrives on well-drained garden soils but a rich loamy soil iS to be preferred. \P[ant 3-4 seeds at 1 m. by 0.75 m. and later on thin to 2 plants. A:bout 5-6 Kilos of ,seeds are needed per hectare. Pole the rainy season crop. The dry season planting may be allow_ ed to creep on the ground. 'When tne plants are about 20 cm. high, cultivate and weed them with a hoe or a 5-tooth cultivator. A week thereafter ridge the soil at the base of. the plants. Squash.-Squa.sh grows best on well, drained and rich loam soib. Plant 3-< 1 . seeds per hill at· 1 m. by l.5m., and later on thin to 2 plants, which should be allowed to creep on the ground. About 4,5 kilo~s of seeds are nEede\] to plant a hectare of land. Segiiidillct,S.-Segui.dilla1 s succeed on ordinary soil but a loam soil i's to be preferred. IHant in hills 1 meter apart in the row and 1.5 m. between rows, at the rate of 2-5 seeds .per hill. Provide poles or trel lis to support the plant. A hectare requires 6-8 kilo1 s of seeds. Talinum:- Talinum .can be grown both from cuttings an d o:eeds, but cuttings are preferable. It will grow on · any kind of well-drained soils 'but a loamy soil is preferable. Prepare cuttings l 0-15 centimeters long and 1 plant in well-drained land at 40 cm. by 60 cm. The first crop may be harvested in two · weeks or so after planting. Tamilan.-This legume requires a well-drained loam soil. lflrep·are the land .properly and plant 4-5 seeds per hill 40-50 cm. apart in the row and 60 cm. apart between rows, or d.rill thinly in well-ureuared furrows 70-80 cm. apart. Weed ·,cultivate occasionally, and water. IWlhen the vines are formed. hill the rows of the plant. About 5-7 kilos of seeds are needed to plant a hectare. Tomatoes.-The soil and cultural reouirements of tomatoes :i.re similar to those of egg-plants. Abont 300-400 grams of seeds: are necessary to plant a hectare. The distance of planting is 50 cm. by 80 cm. Upo.- Same as squash in field .p!antm.g. Page 598 Beautiful fVords for Christmastide EXTENSION OF REMARKS of HON. MAURICE J. SULLIVAN of Nevada IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tuesday, December 19, 1944 Mr. SULLIVAN. Mr. Speaker, under leave to extend my remarks in the RECORD, I include the following letter published in the Washington Star . of December 13, 1944: To the EDITOR OF THE STAR: The following lines were written by Fra Giovannni in 1513: "I salute you. I am your friend, anu my love for you goes deep. There . is nothing I can give you which you haVP. not got; but there is much, that while I cannot give it, you can take. No heaven can come to us unless our hearts find rest in today. Take heaven. No peace lies in the future which is not hidden in this precious little instanl· .. Take peace. The gloom of the world is but a shadow. Behind it yet within our reach is joy. There is radiance and glory in the darkness, could we but see, and to see we have only to look. I beseech you to look. "Life is so generous a giver, but we, judging its gifts by their coverings, cast them away as ugly or heavy or hard. Remove the covering and you will find beneath it a living splendor, woven of love, by wisdom, with power. Welcome it, grasp· it ,and you touch the angel's hand that brings it to you. Everything we call a trial, a sorrow, or a duty, believe me, that angel's hand is there; the gift is there, and the wonder of an overshadowing presence. Our joys, too: Be not co11tent with them as joys. They, too, conceal diviner gifts. "Life is so full of meanings and purpose, so full of beauty beneath its covering that you will find earth but cloaks your heaven. Courage then to claim it; that is all. But courage you have; and the knowledge that we are pilgrims together, wending through unknown country our way home. And so at this Christmas time I greet you. -FRED E. THOMPSON. DECEMBER, 1949
Date: 1949
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