The Arellano Star

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Part of The Arellano Star

Title: The Arellano Star
Issue Date: Volume V (Issue No. 1) August 1949
Year: 1949
Language: English
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extracted text: ©qr i\rrllaun ~tar Official Student Organ of J. Sumulong High School and A. Mabini High School, Arellano University, Manila August, 1949 GONZALO M. JURADO Editor-i11-Chief GUILLERMO C. DE VEGA Managing Editor BAYANI ROMULO MAGDALENA N. GALARACA As1wciate Editors LEODEGARIO ALFARO CARMEN EUST AQUIO News Editors FAUSTINO RUIVIVAR S11orfil & .11ilitary Edit<>r EVANGELINA M. RESUS Literary Editor THERESITA VITA F:reha 110('8 & Girls' Section LIBERT AD RIVERA Soridy Editor LEONARDO SUAREZ COSETTE DELA CRUZ Tagalog Bditors MAXIMO A. ALBERTO VICENTE YEE Circ-ulaticm Managers ALFREDO BALAJADIA Adt•ertising Manag('r ALBERTO TOLENTINO Staff Artist ZOSIMO NAVATO Assistant Artist MR. AMANDO SAN PEDRO Tagalog Seeti'm Ad11iser MRS. NATIVIDAD I. MALOLOS Fa<"1dt11 .-ldt•i.srr Pres. Cayco on Academic Freedom-Rosalinda Orosa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Tears of a Hose (Verse)-Eleonor del Carmen . An Incident in Quezon's Life as a SoldierGuillermo C. de Vega ................. . Forgetting-1\1. Mendoza ............... .. .. , I shall Not Ask for More (Verse)-Noel O. Pan 10 That Everybody May Know-Gonzalo M. Jurado 11 Famous 'Vords of a Famous l\lan--1\Ianuel L. Quezon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 The Cry of Balintawak-Bayani Romulo The Wonderland That ls the Library13 Carmelita Escover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . 14 Library Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Our Roving Reporter 17 Some Facts About Pres. Quezon . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 I Am a Filipina-Dorinda Ma. Alfaro . . . . . . . . 19 The President Speaks ...... .. ..... ......... . Convocation Highlights 20 22 Election Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Planning and Establishing a Restaurant ..... , 41 \Vhat Students \Vho Have Transferred from Other Schools Say . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 EDITORIALS, 3 - PICTORIAL, 23 -1'.'EWSMONTH, 26 - EXCHANGES, 35-TAGALOG, 36 - SNOOPER, 47 The ARELLANO ST AR I have sworn upon the Altar of God hostility again3t every form of tyranny over the mind of man. -Thomas JeffHson Volume V, No . .1 August, 1949 Editorials* GODSPEED TO L'S students the month of July has a great significance. It is more than the usual and inevitable coming in of another season. :Much more than that, it ushers in another year of progress and enlightenment which will be another step forward in the realization of our ambitions. We welcome its coming. Our presence in school today, however, only makes us aware that the problems we face have become more varied and complex. 'Ve cannot simply fold our arms and watch the struggle to solve them go on. \Ve must take an active part in their solution. But first, we need the knowledge, the education to solve them. These problems may never be solved. But as long as there are men determined to acquire an education and be lifted from the dark abyss of ignorance, there can be no room for despair. The success of that struggle hinges upon the degree of our diligence in our studies. Education· is the crying need of the hour. We are in school now in 'l determined attempt to fulfill that need. Arellano University, our school, has grown symbolic of the best in education. Keen followers of educational trends have not failed to perceive this. It is of com· mon knowledge. Thus, in choosing Arellano to lead us, we have not erred. We have the will and the means. May God speed us on our way. G. M. J. QUEZON-THE MAN MANLTEL Luis Quezon died at a time when hate and misunderstanding veiled the world. Five years ago the hearts of men, burning in the height of fury, cooled suddenly at the news of Quezon's passing. The people of the world knew him better than any other Filipino, living or dead. They honored him as they did their own heroes. So to let pass unnoticed the day of Quezon's death would have meant to them a disrespect to the memory of their own heroes. That is why on that day the world was plunged in grief. The sorrow that the people of all nations had upon the ·passing of a statesman of note was inexpressible in terms of words. Verily, Quezon died, but the imperishable service he rendered unto mankind will live long in the hearts of men. The cause to which he consecrated his life will forever be remembered. 3 Youngsters might ask who Quezon was. The answer might well be that he was the man whose personality and leadership went unchallenged, whose voice rang as thunder here and abroad pleading for freedom, justice and equity, whose heart was imbued with patriotic fire. It was Quezon who worked for Philippine Independence, even risking his health. The clamor for a man of Quezon's magnanimity and talent has been at no time more insistent than today. The crying ·need of the time is a man of Quezor/s leadership. On Quezon's death anniversary, people, high or low, pay homage to the memory of a man who nobly died so his people might live free. Guillermo C. de Vega FREEDOM OF THE PRESS (This wa.~ the 1ri11ni11g t·ditorial in the ('ditorial 1niting tilt for cditor.~hiJ! of the Arellano Star.) WE ARE in a democracy. Our country is ruled by the people through the officials whom they elect. These officials are human beings and, as such, are subject to human frailties. They often bungle the governmental administration. \Vithin the rights of the people, guaranteed to them in a democracy, lies the power to make an administration the efficient and honest instrumentality that it ought to be. Here is where freedom of the press comes in, the right of the citizen to raise his voice, no matter how humble, however insignificant, against those things that he believes should be corrected. Indeed, if the press is muzzled, all the rights contained in the constitution are hollow and democracy is a mockery. For the press is the mouthpiece of the people. Through it the popular mandate finds expression-it is the voice of the people and that voice is the most dreadful weapon that exists against a scheming tyrant in the government. Thus, if a government is to receive the people's support, the freedom of the press must ra-ever be curtailed. It must always remain inviolable. This freedom, however, must never be construed as complete liberty. Just like other liberties, it also has limitations. Never is it a freedom to preach rebellion, stir up unrest, spread incorrect news· or smear others' honor. It is a freedom intended for useful and constructive ends. Nothing, indeed, is more comforting than to realize the progress of man that has been made possible through his use of this freedom-the freedom of the press. 4 G. )I. J. OUR COVER This issue we saw fit to honor the memory of a great man, MANUEL LUIS QUEZON, Statesman and Patriot, Lover of Freedom, Advocate of Social Justice, Baler, Tayabas, August 19, 1878, Saranac Lake, N. Y., August 1, 1944. PRES. CA YCO ON ACADEMIC FREEDOM (Reprinted from the Manila Chronide) By Rosalinda Orosa HUNT for persons guilty of subversive activities should take place in the swamps of Candaba and not within the four walls of a university," Florentino Cayco, president of the Arellano University, said yesterday afternoon when asked for his opinion on the proposed order of the department of education to screen all teachers in both private and public schools with a view to purging all communists from Philippine schools. Cayce pointed out that the teaching of communism and the facts of communism per se is not \\·rong and that if college ~tudents have no mind of their own and cannot distinguish between what should be practised and what should not, they have no business going to college in the first place. ' ' If to entertain ideas about communism is to be a communist, then I am one and so are many others," President Cayco continued. "I have been reading books on Communism. The university library has books on Communism as well as books on Catholicism and the indoctrination against any idea is undue interference with academic freedom." Elucidating his point, Cayea said that the reading and the study of Marx's Das Kapital by a student in economics is entirely legitimate. If a student wishes to study the different economic systems, he cannot ignore the study of Das Kapital, and for a professor to prohibit his students from its study would be to suppress the student's freedom of thought, Cayea said. The proposed order of the department of education to screen professors in all institutions of learning was believed to have bf9en prompted by the current case involving Mrs. Louise Fernandez, a Far Eastern University professor, who was accused of propagating Communistic ideas in her class. Asked whether he thought the proposed order would precipitate an unnecessary and feverish "witchh u n t i n g ' ' in the schools, Cayea replied that the consequence of the order would be entirely de.pendent on the definition of communism and more important still, on the definition of a communist. These definitions, Cayea said, the department of education has not given. "There are all shades of communism," he said, "and for lack of a definition of what a communist is, I can close a 1949 The Arellano Star 5 6 The Arellano Star August school on the ground that its faculty members are communists after judging them solely from my own standards." The university president expressed the belief that the fight of the department of education is not against communism but against communists. But precisely because of its failure to specify what a communist is· the projected screening of professors will inspire fear and a feeling of insecurity in the teachers. The fear of the consequences of such an order will be like a sword of Damocles dangling over the teachers' heads, Cayco said. Cayco said that any order to dismiss teachers who are in sympathy with communism would be a curtailment of academic freedom. When one is in sympathy with communism, it does not mean that he is a communist, Cayco * asserted. The university head believes the world would be better off without class struggle; it would be a genuine democracy then. However, a genuine democracy and the process by which it can be brought about are two different things, and working for a genuine democracy does not necessarily mean resorting to subversive activities, he pointed out. ' 1 As long as a person does not commit any act which is meant to destroy the existing order, I do not believe he should be punished," President Cayco said. 11 In democracy the government is only the instrument of the people-and if it is a government of, by, and for the people, how can the people go against their own interests?" President Cayco asked in conclusion. Tears Of A R.ose By Eleonor del Carmen She was a lovely rose Which flowered into bloom One moonless night in June. Not a star nor an eye Watched her petals open, While the wind made music in the dark. No Romeo came to woo her No warm caressing hands Appeased her loneliness. Until the golden sun Kissed and dried away her tearsThe morning dew. AN INCIDENT IN QUEZON'S LIFE AS A SOLDIER By Guillermo C. de Vega here is no need to elaborate on the immo1·tal services President Manuel L. Quezon has rendered to his people. Much has been said of them. But I shall relate briefly an incident. which prov-ed to be <me of the most important steps towards Quezon's becoming a man of note. Fighting between the American forces and the ill-equipped Filipino soldiers was concentrated in only a few spots. Many of our country's able generals had been either killed or captured. One of these captured generals was believed to be President Emilio Aguinaldo of the •rstwhile Philippine Republic. 'To ascertain the veracity of this news, General Mascardo, head of a small guerilla force in Bataan, ordered an able .and trusted follower to surrender to the .American garrison under Lt. Miller stationed in Mariveles. The man selected was a youthful, promising major -Manuel L. Quezon. It was early dawn of a day in April· 1901, when Quezon, clad in a shabby 'Uniform and barefooted, descended the rugged slopes of Mariveles Mountain, Known for its wilderness. With resourcefulness Quezon endured all the ·hardships that God gave him to test his perseverance. In spite of hunger and failing strength he managed to reach Mariveles, in due time. As pre-arranged, Lt. Miller received Quezon. .After a greeting between the two the lieutenant declared Quezon a free man. Quezon decided to tell Lt, Miller the mission which General Mascardo had entrusted to him. He then l•arned of General Aguinaldo's sad plight, that he was kept in Malacaii.an as a prisoner of war. Quezon, calmness written on his face, asked the lieutenant if he could stay until the next day. The lieutenant, though a little suspicious, respected Quezon's plea. That night there was impetuous barking of dogs. Then silence. Suddenly a barrage of bullets threw the people in the streets into commotion. Quezon, through a hole in the wall of the quarter where he was assigned to spend the night, saw that a hundred yards away from the garrison was a batch of guerrillas, all from his unit. A hand-tohand battle ensued but the guerillas were no match for the Americans. An investigation was immediately made after the melee. Quezon was flabbergasted to learn of the intention of his comrades to put an end to his life, because they believed Quezon had betrayed the mission General Mascardo had confided to him. He could not believe they would think this. For deep in the recesses of his heart he knew he had done nothing treacherous to his comrades and country. All that night Quezon was sleepless. He wanted to explain everything to his comrades, but how? They might not believe him and instead they might play lightly with his life. The next day a small boat landed Quezon in Manila. He then proceeded to Malacaii.an Palace, which he had been longing to see since childhood. The American General, upon learning of 1949 The Arellano Star 7 8 The Arellano Star August Quezon's mission, without much ado, motioned him to go to the room across the hall. Quezon, filled with joy, mechanicaly walked toward the room. When he caught sight of General Emilio Aguinaldo alone in the room, a prisoner of war, he was stunned. He felt as if someone had hammered his head, His tongue was paralyzed, and he couldn't utter a word to his general whom he respected with awe: whom he considered as the hope of his country, Finally, after he had recovered from the shock, he was able to whisper in the vernacular the mission General Mascardo had given him. At first the general made no reply. From the expression of his face, Quezon detected a clear sign of suspicion. So he showed a scar on his neck as a proof of his being a Filipino soldier. Only then did his general begin to answer him. He instructed Quezon to tell The Cry of ... (Continued from page 13) ing our independence through peaceful means. Bonifacio was irked by this attitude of Dr. Rizal but neverthless he determined to carry on his plan at any cost. Membership in the Katipunan increased by leaps and bounds every day. Its suspicious activities however did not escape unnoticed by the Spaniards. They were reported to Governor Blanco, but the governor ignored them and did not give full credence to the reported existence of the society. It was Mariano Gil, Augustinian curate of Tondo, who, through a Filipino traitor, discovered its significance. As a consequence of its discovery mass arrests and imprisonment of memGeneral Mascardo that General Mascardo had all the responsibility to assume as to whether to surrender or not. Quezon, unashamed, shed tears, though in front of his general. After wishing his general good-luck Quezon left with a heavy heart. Quezon went directly to Dr. Alejandro Albert's house, where he spent his night. That night thoughts of Aguinaldo and the future of his country lingered in Quezon's mind. He had accomplished his mission; yet he could not sleep. The capture of Emilio Aguinaldo, the laying down of arms by his countrymen, and the taking of the oath of allegiance to the United States of some of his Genrals, meant a lot to him. It meant to him the loss of freedom, oppression and trampling of the rights and happiness of his people. However, history proved these fears to be groundless. hers and suspected members took place_ This however did not weaken the morals of those arrested. This time, more than ever, the members were determined to fight the Spaniards. At the call of Andres Bonifacio, the supreme head, and Emilio Jacinto, the brain of the Katipunan, hundreds of Katipuneros met on the night of August 26, 1896, at Balintawak where they resolved' to start the uprising. As a manifestation of their loyalty to the cause, the members present tore their cedula personal and shouted the first cry "Long Live the Philippines" which became known in our history as the Cry of Balintawak. Thus was heard the voice of a people who were held in bondage by Spanish tyranny for more than three centuries. FORGETTING T'S interesting - this thing called forgetting and what it can do or undo for us. 00 Take for instance the many fires caused by careless ones who 11forget" to put out the fire in the stove before they go to bed-or the case of the>se who "had noticed that faulty wiring all along and ahvays resolved to have it fixed every time they saw it" but who somehow "forgot" until the early dawn they awakened to a "very hot" feeling and the smell of something burning. But that is quite sordid. Let's take something else. For instance, th c case of a husband who comes home at 1 :00 A.M. with the excuse that he had been "working overtime at the office" because business was that heavy. He does not, however, succeed in convincing the little woman· because he had "forgotten" to wipe off that tell-tale lipstick mark from his nose. Or - the bookworm who worked all night to prepare his homework but got a "zero" nevertheless because he "forgot" his masterpiece at home. Again there is the only too common case of a bus passenger who digs into one pocket - then fumbles with another and another, still refusing to bf'Jieve that he really has "forgotten'' his fare, while the impatient, often irate, conductor stands by. Then there is Dagwood who in his hurry to catch the 7 :15 gralibed his coat and rushl!d off, unby M. Mendoza mindful of the shouts of a frantic Blondie, managing to hang on to the platform and finally edge his way inside the car only to be greeted by loud guffaws from the car crowd because he ha~i "forgotten" his pantis. And there is the young-married husband who has to put u.p with a Lady Baltimore Cake which looks more lik~ something Lady Baltimore had stamped her foot upon-because the .. sweet young thing" who was his wife had the recipe book all right but had "forgotten" the baking powder. Then there iis ~ the fiery orator ~) who ,in the midst N::, If= of his philippics (~ ! and with a clench~· I: ed fist dramatical- ·. . . JQ]ill.J J ~~ ly poised in the = L ::::':l .A" air suddenly pau- - '~Ai~/. ~. a ses - and contI- >~/,~1,1~ nues to pause and · ;;..: pause, until the audience get wise to him and boos him-and he retires behind a screen- of embarraGsed coughs. But look at the ingenuity of man and how he can make even "forgetting" serve his ends. There is for instance the young man who persuades his "date" into taking a ride out into the country. Then tactfully his motor stalls and he is very effusive in 1949 The Arellano Star 9 10 The Arellano Star August his explanation to the young lady that he had "for gotten" t I) "fill up". member" - knowing that on his remembering and forgetting depends the life of the defendant. Then we can't miss the perennially young who stay so because they convenient'ly "forget" to count their birthdays after the thil'ty mark. Anyway, he tells her, let's wait for a "push", though he very well knows that the idea is very unlikely. Then after a convenient half-hour or so has pasised, a car comes along and the motor only too easily responds to the "push." Consider, also, that man who accom;plished the feat of having five wives and who gaye as answer to the judge's "How come?" - the fact that everytime he met a new girl he "forgot" that he had been married before. And now look at how it provides me a graceful excuse for having written what is now supposed to pass for an informal essay on such a subject as forgetting because I "forgot" to write out this assignment earlier. Honest, I did! Then there is the witness who takes the stand after a briefing by his lawyer and who, even under the most gruelling cross-examination by the prosecuting lawyer, stands pat on his "I do not re---oOo--by Noel 0. Pan I shall not deign To dare your heart Nor for a smile Shall I even crave I'll be content To pray the while And burn my worship Incense from afar That then its smoke fviay rise and fill You with the warmth Of my desire. I shall not ask for more. THAT EVERYBODY MAY KNOW By Gonzalo M. Jurado EN years from now, I shall write a book and I shall call it "My People- Now and Ten Years Ago." Then I can record the progress and achievements that the Filipino people will hav~ made during that ten-yeqr period. Fo~· now I do not want to write about th:::! t!"iings I see around me. They certainl I give me sleepless nights and afford nothing but pain to my stricken soul. But what should I write about if I were told to write now'! Much. I might recall with pride that day a month ago when a Filipino surgeon succeeded in removing the entire left lung of a patient without inflicting any harm in so doinga feat that can hardly be duplicated the world over and is scarcely conceivable. Or I might mention Senator Madrigal's promise to apportion his salarY., for one term into scholarship awards that the poor and deserving students may continue their studies. Or I might exult over the eloquence of Ambassador Romulo in the United Nations, and how he showed to the world the Philip,pines' cap.r.:.city for self-determination. But I would not allow myself to discuss the immigration racket. Neither would I comment on the surplus property scandal which only very lately rocked the entire country. Nor would I touch on the peasant problem in Central Luzon, or how innocent men and women, boys and girls, lose their lives when caught in the crossfire. Neither would I take pains to describe the 'barongbarongs' and shacks that house so many of our people and the tattered rags that arc their clothes. Most particularly, I should leave alone those shocking charges contained in the impeachment proceedings against President Quirino, lest the generation that is to follow will learn that P5,000.00 was spent for the President's bed while citizens were dying or were left to die in the gutter. These things do not speak well of us now. Think of what embarrassment and shame we shall cause the succeeding generations if these are all recorded. ''My People-Now and Ten Years Ago" is the title of the book I shall write in 1959. Its ,pages will be full of worthy achievements, for then, we shall have overcome these things. We shall have disposed of our surplus property scandal and immigration racket. The peasant movement will have been solved. The masses' cry for vindication will have been stilled for they will have security and peace, I know. They may not live in mansions, but no more will they be imprisoned within the dark and dingy walls of 'barong-barongs' and shacks, for then, those will be no more, I hope. New raiment will have taken the place of the tattered rags that once upon a time were their clothes. Then mine will be the rare opportunity of writing all these achievements that everybody may know. 1949 The Arellano Star 11 FAMOUS WORDS MAN-MANUEL "] prefer a government run like hell by Americans.'' * OF A FAMOUS L. QUEZON Filipinos to one run like heaven by 111\ly loyalty to my party ends where my loyalty to my country begins." "Has the progress then made by the Philippines benefitted our voorer population? The poor still has to drink the same polluted water that his ancestors drank for ages . . . His children cannot all [Jo to school . "I don't resent the fact that people are against me." "I love to face those who criticize me, for I am sure that the only way of getting at the truth is by facing t.twse who do not agree with you." "But, it seems to me questionable whether any government has the right to demand loyalty from its citizer1·s beyond its willingness or ability to render actual protection." 11 /n reference to the men who have accepted positions in the commission establis/tE;d by the Japanese, every one of them wanted to come to Corregidor, but you told me that threre was no room fur them here. They nre not "quislings". Quislings are the men u:ho betray thcfr country to the enemy. 1'/ie::;e men did ivhat they have been asked to do, while they were free, under the protection of their government. Today they are virtually prisoners of the enemy. I am sure they are only doing what they think is their duty. They arc not traitors. They ar-e the 'Victim,c; of thefr adverse fortunes of war and I am sure they have no choice. Besides, it is most prol>able that they accepted their positions in order to safeguard the welfare of the civilian population in the occupied areas. I think, under the circumstances, A m.erica should look upon their situation sympathetically and understandingly." (The last two quotations written in 1942.) 12 excerpts from President Quezon's letter to General MacArthur The Arellano Star August THE CRY OF BALINTAWAK By Bayani Romulo IFTY-THREE years ago, on the twenty-sixth of August, the voice of the oppressed people in this part of the world was heard. It was a cry for freedom, a cry against the oppression, injustice and tyranny of the Spanish government. This event is now known as the Cry of Balintawak. The Filipino people ever since the first attempt of foreign invaders to land on our shores, have been known as a freedom-loving people. They hate oppression. This was proven by Lapu-lapu when he fought Magellan in Mactan and in similar battles that took place in different parts of the Islands which foreign aggressors tried to invade. But against the superior might of the Spaniards the resistance of the natives was futile. They lost in their struggle until the Philippines was completed dominated by Spanish rule. The reign of Spain in the Philippines was characterized by tyranny and oppression. Although the main objective of their mission was to spread Christianity, un-Christian acts were perpetrated. Abuses of all sorts were commited. People often revolted but were always subdued. The Spaniards established schools and colleges. These produced wise Filipinos like Rizal, Luna, del Pilar, Lopez, Bonifacio, Jacinto, and others who later became the leaders of the people. Tired of living in a corrupt government where no freedom dwells, these men wrote books and propaganda against Spain. They enlightened the darkened minds of the people, and when the people were beginning to see the light they demanded reforms. Spain granted some reforms but the major evils in the government still remained unchecked. Realizing this situation our leaders thought of independence as the ultimate way of leading a better life. One of the leaders who believed in complete independence was Andres Bonifacio. To achieve this end he saw the necessity of armed revolution. He was 1inspired by . the American revolution, the French revolution and the biographies of great leaders. On June 7, 1892, Andres Bonifacio founded in Tondo, Manila a secret society called the Katipunan. The main aim of this organization was to wrest the government from the Spaniards and to establish Philippine Independence through the use of force, Dr. Jose Rizal was made its honorary president because of his popularity and influence among the masses. Although Dr. Jose Rizal was sympathetic to its cause he did not favor the ideas of a revolution. He believed that it was premature to start an up-rising with limited forces and without the soild backing of the intellectual and rich classes of Filipinos. He believed in secur( Continued on page 8) 1949 The Arellano Star 13 THE WONDERLAND THAT IS THE LIBRARY By Carmelita Escover Library Assistaut ' 1 There is no frigate like a book To take us lands away Nor any courser Jike a page Of prancing poetry. "This traverse may the poorest take Without op1 press of toil How frugal is the chariot That bears the human soul." These lines express how great literature can create and open new worlds of vision, lofty thoughts and action; how books can invite a high school boy and girl to the realms of goblins and fairies, castles and princesses and to the unlimited beauty of the sky, nature and things. Books help to create in one's self a world of ideas, a world of exclusions from sordid realities, a magical world of make-believe-a wonderland. Every high school boy or girl is fully conscious of the throbbing and active life around his home and school. He is carried away by a wonderful feeling of curiosity to explore the world of fancy and imagination. He loves to create an imaginary world which will help him develop a real taste for, a·nd keera appreciation of, good literature. How shall a high school boy or girl cultivate to the greatest extent his capacity of developing the power of the mind to see what the ordinary eye cannot see? How can he unlock the treasury of thoughts? How can he enter the gateway of the land of makebelieve? How can he stir his imagination to poar higher than the walls of reality? How shall he awaken his soul to sublime thoughts and flavor of everyday life with a touch of joy and hap1 piness? The high school boy or girl who has loved and enjoyed his books will want to bring a larger part of that Jove to manhood. While the greater part of man's life is spent on making a living, what more can a boy or girl ask if his leisure hours are spent with the great minds of the world? To these bewildering questions, the Arellano University Library holds the key that will unlock all doors, and satisfy every mind's desire. The library awaits every boy and girl and will help them select a book and to see what wealth is being kept on our shelves. The library has an understanding personnel to guide the students in their exploration among books, periodicals and references. The library has purchased and processed a considerable number of books for the high school level, for we understand the vital need of the students today and that is library tools and facilities to open their minds and develop keen appreciation of good literature. Our library is rich in books and materials which will transform every boy and girl to a heroic and remarkable hero or m.ake him abhor a sinister villain. The library reading room is cool and comfortable. The lights are being adjusted to prevent eye-strain. The charging personnel are friendly and iare ready to assist any boy and girl who approaches the charging desk. 14 The Arellano Star August 1949 The Arellano Star .15 The library is equipped with books for enjoyment; the high school students are invited to look over our books and magazines, too; to make use of our daily newspapers and be informed of current news and events to be able to form correct and valuable opm10ns. Thus the Arellano University library welcomes our high school students to the vast treasury of thoughts from the great minds of the world . • LIBRARY RULES All bona fide students, faculty members, and regular employees of Arellano University are entitled to borrow books and other materials from the Arellano University Library, subject to its rules and regulations. I. Library Hours The Arellano University Library is open from 7 :00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. on week days and from 9:00 a. m, to 4:00 p. m. on Sundays and holidays. II. Library Identification Card 1. Every student enrolled for the current semester will be given a library iden~ tification card free upon Presenting his enrollment papers; and accomplishing the library application form. 2. A student losing his Library Identification Card will be given a duplicate upon payment of 1'1.00. 3. The Library Identification Card is valid only: (a) If the owner's photograph is attached to it. (b) If the library seal is embossed on it. III. Books Books in the Arellano University Library are grouped into: 1. Group A: General Reference Books; Periodicals 1. Examples: (a) Dictionaries (b) Encyclopedias ( c) Yearbooks (d) Atlases ( e) Handbook (f) Periodicals: I. Magazines 2. Newspapers 2. These books may be borrowed for a period of two (2) hours only and may not be taken out of the Reading Room. 16 The Arellano Star August 2. Group B: Reserved Books: 1. Any book or pamphlet may be put on the Reserve Shelf upon request by any instructor for the use of his class. 2. Reserved Books may be borrowed for a period of two (2) hours and may not be taken out of the Reading Room. 3. One hour after a student has returned a particular reserved book, he may renew it, unless it is in great demand. 4. Reserved Books no longer needed by a certain instructor will be returned to the shelves for general circulation. 3. Group C: General Circulation Books: 1. All books not grouped under A or B are called General Circulation Books. 2. A student is entitled to borrow not more than two (2) General Circulation Books at a time. 3. General Circulation Books may be kept for a period of seven (7) days and may be renewed for the same length of time, unless they have been reserved by other students. 4. No book will be renewed unless it is first presented at the Desk for proper notation and recording. IV. Fines Fines are charged for all books kept overtime. 1. A fine of twenty-five centavos (l'.25) will be charged for every Reserved Book or General Reference Book or Periodical for fhe first hour it is overdue, and ten centavos (l'.10) for every additional hour. 2. A fine of one peso (l'l.00) shall be charged for ev,ery Reserved Book kept overnight without permission from the Desk Assistant. 3. A fine of twenty centavos (l'.20) shall be charged for a General Circulation Book for every day it is overdue, including Sundays and holidays. THE PROPER OFFICIAL RECEIPT WILL BE ISSUED FOR EVERY FINE CHARGED. V. Discipline 1. The Library is a place for study and research. Therefore, CONVERSING, SMOKING, and EATING are not allowed in the Reading Room. 2. Willful violation of these rules will cause the suspension of library privileges for one week and repetition of the same offense after due warning will be reported to the President for proper disciplinary action. VI. Losses and Mutilation 1. A book or any library material reported lost must be paid for in accordance with Administrative Order No. 2, s. 1949, dated April 19, 1949, issued by the President of Arellano University. 2. Any book or any library material destroyed or mutilated by any student must be replaced or paid for within fifteen (15) days after the commission of th<l act. 3. Failure to settle all library accounts after the specified date will be reported to the proper authority for action. These rules are issued for the protection of every one concern·ed. Ignorance of. the provisions contained herein is not accepted as an -excuse. OUR ROVING REPORTER This section will be devoted to opinions of teachers and students on current topics. If you want to get the cross-section of opinion rega;rding some vital topics send your question to us and our roving reporter will gel the answers for you. -Editor ON ACADEMIC FREEDOM Academic freedom should be observed in the classroom if the students are to be enlightened on topics of vital importance to them. Teaching the principles of communism, for example, in the classroom does not mean advocating its acceptance. Teaching it will only help the ~tudents weigh their opinions on which government is, really good for men. Teaching it when the occasion calls for it is academic freedom. There is no harm in teaching what the student should like to know, provided the teaching is done without pl'ejudice or bias regarding the matter under discussion. There should only be caution in the giving of accurate facts on the topic being discussed and opinions of the teachers should be left out-not imposed on the students. The students will form o;pinions of their own, if the discussion had been accurate, intelligent, and impartial. Mrs. F. B. Lacsamana If teaching about communism in the classroom aims to destroy -democracy, we should certainly be against it for the classroom is no place for subversive doctrines. But if discussing communism aims to show the difference between democracy and communism, the teachers should not hesitate to do so. We believe that democracy will be more lasting and beneficial if we allow free discussion of ideas in a classroom if it is founded on truth. Mrs. C. L. Moral Knowledge can advance most rapidly by unfettered search for truth, by complete freedom in imparting the truth to the students. Mrs. G. Capino I believe there should be academic freedom in all schools and universities. Teachers and professors should be given a free hand with regard to their ways and means of teaching and imparting knowledge to their students. As long as a teacher or professor does not commit any act or crime against the esta:blishe'd rules and regulations of a university, then he should be given every freedom with regard to his teaching and imparting knowledge. 1\fiss Marina N. Capistrano 1949 The Arellano Star 17 SOME FACTS ABOUT PRES. QUEZON 1. Pres. Quezon was born on the vr-ry day of the town fiesta of Bale-r, his home town, at exactly seven o'clocl~ when the church bells werie ringing for the seconP, mass to be celebrated in honor of the town patron saint, San Luis. That is why his mother gave him Luis as second name. 2. As a little boy he was almost drowned while swimming along the beach of Baler. His companion, Father Angulo, was drowned. 3. As a young man, he clubbed a Spanish corporal who tried to force him to be an accomplice to his (the corporal's) evil designs on one of Quezon's cousins. 4. He joined the Revolution as a second lieutenant but he was promptly promoted to first lieutenant when he was able to capture a band of Iadrones in the town of Aliaga who had robbed and murdered an entire family in the town. 5. After the Revolution, when he had recovered from his malaria he worked as a clerk for twenty-five pesos in the Monte de Piedad, a pawnshop which had been established as a charitable institution. 6. He obtained his A.B., Summa Cum Laude, at the University of Sto. Tomas. 7. He was admitted to the bar in April, 1903. 8. He first assumed public office as provincial governor of Tayabas in 1905. 9. When he was elected Resident Commis•ioner to the United Sta~es in 1909 his knowledge of English was so limited that he could not even carry a simple conversation for any length of time. To overcome this obstacle, he hired a teacher to give him grammar lessons. But loo soon gave up his teacher and decided to teach himself with the aid of newspapers, magazines, books and a Spanish-Englieh dictionary. He learned faster that way, and five months later was able to d.eliver his maiden speech on the floor of the House of Represmtatives. 10. He brought the Jones Law to the Philippines in 1916. 18 • • PHILOSOPHY FOOTNOTE There is no wholly satisfactory substitute for brains, but silen'Ce does pretty well. The Arellano Star August I AM A FILIPINA By Dorinda Ma. Alfaro II ~ AM a Filipina-a descendant of those shy Maria Claras who - - served as inspiration to - our Rizal, Luna, and Mabini. My country = is rich in its green and virgin wilderness that patiently awaits the magic touch of man. I descended from a lineage of modest and hospitable women and my forefathers were fearless and strong. I am a Filipina. The blood that runs in my veins is red as living embers, a symbol of my being courageous. I am not tall but I am stately enough to be called a woman with firm convictions. I am not beautiful as a Greek goddess nor do I possess a white complexion. I am proud of the brownness of my skin, and under it pumps a heart that is gentle, tender and pure. I am a Filipina, a product of those devote women who clung to good traditions and beliefs and always kept the home fires burning to keep the glow and warmth of companionshi1 p alive in every Filipino home. My forefathers are of a hardy stock of Malayans who honor manual labor. I believe that life is a constant struggle for existence, a long chain of varied activities, temptations, tears, joys, laughter. I am a Filipina and a lover of democratic principles. I believe in an honest and clean government unstained by any sign of scandal. I hate government officials who cheat the common people out of their money. I will denounce men who, blinded by the glitter of gold and mere "pabagsak," will sell their birth-right for a mess of pottage, I value the sacredness of the ballot for I believe in a healthy republic immune from frauds and block voting. These are my obligations, and being a Filipina, I will never evade them. I am a Filipina, a descendant of a liberty-loving people. My ancestors fought for that liberty from the very beginning until the famous battle in the malarial jungle of Bataan and on th~ rock of Corregidor. My brothers entered the resistance movement against the Nippons. Now, I am free after long years of foreign rule. Living in a free land, abundant in lilting bird's melodies, rich in the life-giving warmth of the sun and cradled by the amber waves of the sea, is indeed wonderful. As I look around me I can feel the soft carressing touch of the breeze penetrating the loose fibers of my dress. I sigh with joy because I belong to this land and was born a Fili1pina. -oOo-The most efficient water power in the world is a woman's tears. -Wilson l\fizner 1949 The Arellano Star 19 President Cayco Speaks When it broke out in the local press that the Secretary of Education would issue an order to purge the schools of teachers who are "undesirables" because they talk about ideologies other than Democracy, President Florentino Cayco of the Arellano University came out vehemently against the proposition. President Cayco stands four square for academic freedom as being a concomrnitant of Democracy, as a Jefferson or a Voltaire would. We believe in the wisdom of the President, for Democracy can only thrive well where there is an enlightened citizenry. And enlightenment comes only as a result of the free trade of ideas. The President's sally was a splendid show of courage if we consider the fact that private schools, like the Arellano University which he heads, are all under the supervision of the Department of Education. And if we consider further that he was the firs·t - and the one and only - school executive who assailed the attempt to curtail academic freedom it was amazingly magnificent. We do not want to lift our own bench, so to speak, but the temptation so overwhelms us that we feel it righteous to express the pride that we entertain for our President. We are proud of our President not because he has virtually hurled a chal-· lenge against a superior which during these days is a feat by itserf, but rather because he has proved that even at this lamentable state of our democracy there are still men who are not afraid to stand for their own convictions. We are proud of him because verily it could now be said that the academic freedom which the Arellano University professes and which other institutions of learning also profess ls not only academic freedom on paper but a reality. Those who know Pres. Cayco will tell you that the man has one love: Democracy and Freedom. And when he came out of his esoteric seclusion and spoke his mind boldly on the question of the proposed ''Witch Hunting" in our schools we were not surprised. He is no fossilized orthodox: Nor is he a fanatical democrat. He very well knows his Democracy and will fight for it. In the matter of academic freedom, like the immortal Voltaire, his mind runs along the same channel, "I disagree with what you say but I shall defend to the death your right to say it". And for his valiant stand, well may the words of Jefferson which now adorns the door of the President's office be attributed to him: "I have sworn upon the Altar of God hostility against every form of tyranny over the mind of man". 'What Communism really is, nobody among us in this holy corner knows. Not even the CUFA which is supposed to know has tried to define what it is. For lack of a definition, Pres. Cayco pointed out with deadly precision, one "can close a school on the ground that its faculty members are communists after judging them solely by (his) standards". The Government tells us that Com20 The Arellano Star August 1949 The Arellano Star 21 munism is bad, Yet it does not tell us what it is. Worse still, it would even forbid us to know what it is. Is that the way of Democracy? It is that very idea of compulsion that is revolting to us. It is an. affront to all lovers of freedom. To force men - free men - to think as another may wish them to think1 is "thought control". Shades of totalitarianism which Democracy professes to abhor! What Communisn.1 is, the students want to know, - let the people know; whether it be an idea, a germ, or the devil itself. This is the way Democracy ought to be. Let it be revealed and exposed. Let it be discussed in the classrooms, in the plazas, everywhere, for if Communism is really bad, as we believe it is, there can he no fear, because to paraphrase Pres. Cayco, in a government like ours which is of, by and for, the people, how can the people go against their own interests? --oOo-What we obtain too cheap, we esteem too lightly; it is dearness only that gives everything its value. -Thom.as Paine Knowledge comes, but wisdom lingers. -Tennyson Whatever you have, spend less. -Samuel Johnson Music is love in search of a word. -Sidney Lanier Danger gleams like sunshine to a brave man's eyes. -Euripides The direction in which education starts a man will determine his future life. -Plato 'fo remind the man of the good turns you have done him is very much like a reproach. -Demosthenes Nothing is so difficult but that it may be found out by seeking. -Terence I could not bear a mother's tears. . ... -Cicero TO ALL STUDENTS You may have ideas. Write them down. That's how writers are made. Nobody ever became a writer by mere idea-ting. All writers became writers by writing. If you want to be a writer, write-and send your contributions to the "Star." CONVOCATION HIGHLIGHTS 1. Immediately preceding the Convocation was a flag ceremony at exactly 7 :45. 2. Subject of favorable comment was the exem1 plary behaviour of the students throughout the convocation. 3. Council President Gonzalo M. Jurado's introduction of the guest speaker elicited the remark from Pres. Cayco that it was the best introduction he had heard of himself. 4. Emcee of the affair was Estrella Rivera, vice-president of the Council. 5. The Glee-Dramatic Club made its maiden bow in this convocation with two nunibers: Jennie Pedron's masterly rendition of Chopin's Fantasie Impromptu and the combination of youthful grace and charm that was the folk-dance, Surtidos. Credit: Dr. Corazon 0. de Jesus. 6. GI earnings from the President's speech: I have always been a lover of simplicity. To be able to attend the high school is a privilege ... So do not dissipate your energy. . . and do not waste your time. All young people have the possibilities and potentialities of leadership. If President Quezon were alive and in the service of the government today: Would he indulge in these surplus deals and enrich himself at the expense of the government? Would he permit election frauds? Would he allow government employees and police officers to accept bribes? Would he spend money belonging to the people and which should be spent only and exclusively for the welfare of the people to advance his personal interests? Respect and honor the memories of our heroes but never indulge in exaggerated hero-worship. 22 The duty to select a good leader is incumbent upon all. The criteria for judging a good leader are: 1. Ability to lead. 2.. Character or honesty. 3. Courage to do what is right. * * * The Arellano Star August PICTORIAL THE PRESIDENT defines what qualities a good leader should possess. 1949 The Arellano Star 23 24 The Arellano Star August ~_;__,,.-~ KEEP 'EM PLAYING-an "ine\"itable" at every Arellano activity is the A.U. Drum and Bugle Corps. SURTIDOS-an assortment of rrace and charm. 1949 The Arellano Star 25 THE H. E. laboratory room where girls learn that "the way to man's heart is through his stomach." A COZY nook in the homey H. E. buildin&'. NEWS MONTH J. smmLONG SCHOLARS The scholarship awards this year were copped by practically the same students who had the privilege last year. Those who obtained the highest grades in their respecti\'e years were awarded full scholarship, while those who obtained the second to the highest were given partial scholarship. Those who obtained third to the highest were given semi-partial scholarship. This year's full scholars are the following: Fourth Year-Gonzalo M. Jurado, Evangelina Resus, Estrella Rivera, Jose Ramos; Third Year-Carmen Eustaquio, Dario Punsalan, Ester C. E.RESUS J. RAMOS C. EUSTAQUJO E. SIANGIO Upper Row: D. PUNZALAN J. DE GUZMAN Bottom: C. BOCO Siangio; Second Year-Jose de Guzman, Conchita Protacio, Carlos Boca. Partial scholars are the following: Fourth Year-Teresita Barrozo, Arturo Gonzales, Theresita Vita; Third YearPara"luman Camaya, Lolita Fortuna, Rogelio Subida; Second Year-Patrocinio Velasquez. The following are semi-partial scholars: Fourth Y car-Constancia Alimangohan, Miguela Sordan, Josefina Alvarez; Third Year-Libertad Rivera, Hilario Ramos; Second Year - Andiolina Rebaya, Teofilo Yap, Camila Puertas, Aurora Chan, Romeo Liamson, Salvador Luna, Luningning Alberto. First year students who graduated as valedictorian and salutatorian from the elementary school were also given full and partial scholarships, respectively. 26 The Arellano Star. August 1949 The Arellano Star 27 EDITORIAL STAFF Editorial aspirants to the Arellano Star fought it out last July not with steel and blade but with pen and ink. The young hopefuls sweated it out for almost one and a half hours. The editorial exams consisted of a general iest which included general information, current events and modern English usage, and editorial writing on any of these topics: Freedom of the Press, The Role of a School Paper, My School and I. GONZALO M. JURADO New Editor The temporary staff which will go on probation for a permanent appointment are the following: Editor-in-Chief-Gonzalo M. Jurado Managing Editor-Guillermo C. de Vega Associate Editors-Bayani Romulo and Magdalena N. Galaraga News Editors-Leodegario Alfaro and Carmen Eustaquio Sports & Military Editor-Faustino Ruivivar Literary Editor-Evangelina M. Resus Exchanges & Girls' Section-Theresita Vita Society Editor-Libertad Rivera Circulation Managers-Vicente Yee & Maximo Alberto Advertising Manager-Alfredo Balajadia Staff Artist-Alberto Tolentino Tagalog Editore-Leonardo S. Magos Cosette dela Cruz ORGANIZATIONS The campus has begun to hum with activity again now that the go-signal has been given to different campus organizations by the Director. The line-up of advisers of the dif· ferent organizations remains unchanged, with the appointment of the following faculty stalwarts released by the Office of the Director: J. Sumulong High School Student Council-Mrs. F. C. Crisologo Senior Class Organization-Mr. A. San Pedro Junior Class Organization-Miss M. C. Saturnino Sophomore Class Organization-Miss F. L. Pangan Freshman Class Organization-Mrs. R. S. Bartolome Forensic Club-Mr. E. P. San Jose Glee-Dramatic Club-Dr. C. 0. de Jesus Welcomed by the student body was the revival of the Glee-Dramatic Club under Dr. Corazon 0. de Jesus who is herself a singer and thespian of no mean ability. JUNIOR POLICE The Manila Junior Police of the Arellano University was recently organized with the selection of the following officers for the current school year: Captain Ramon C. Nadora, First Lt. Teodulo Bermudez, First Lt. Mel.anio Bayan, Second Lt. Valeriano Mapalo, and Second Lt. Alberto Mafialac. Leaders of the girls' division are First Lt. Evangeline Davis and Sergeant Solemnidad Pasamba. The primary aim of the Junior Police is the maintenance of order in all school activities within and outside 28 The Arellano Star August the university premises. Items lost or found can also be recovered through the help of the force. Mr. Amando San Pedro is the advise1 to the organization. STUDENT COUNCIL In a meeting of the J. Sumulong Higr. School Student Council held last July 23 at the University Social Hall, the following were elected officers for the p1esent school year: Gomm lo M. Jurado, President; Estrella Rivera, Vice-Pre~ ident; Gertrudez Alfonso, Secretary; Carmen Eustaquio, Treasurer; Edga ~· Icogo, Press Relations Officer; Ramon Sanchez and Angel Dominguez, Sergeants-at-Arms. As the initial activity of the council, it sponsored a convocation on August 19, the late President Quezon's birthday, at eight o'clock in the morning. President Florentino Cayco was the guest speaker at the convocation. The executive committee managed the affair with the council president as chairman, and Benedicto Tayzon, Ramon Sanchez, Josefina Perez, Gertrudez Alfonso as members. The committee on invitation was composed of Edgar Icogo, chairman; with Pascual Flores and Raul Tamayo as members. Committee on P.:::.rticipation was com1 posed of the following: Carmen Eustaquio, chairman; Ro&:.rio Palacio, Nenita Garcia, Dionisio Ruiz and Baldomero de la Cruz, members. Adviser to the Student Council is Mrs. Felicidad C. Crisologo. NEW SYSTEM It was learned from the Office of the Director that beginning this school year the grades obtained by the students for every grading period will not be given directly to them but will be sent to their parents. Director Galimba said that some students do not show their grades to their parents especially when they are unsatisfactory. The aim of this new policy is to inform parents about the class standing of their children, and to urge parents to cooperate in encouraging them to study harder. HIGH-GLEE DRAMATIC CLUB The High-Glee Dramatic Club under Dr. Corazon 0. de Jesus held an election last Thursday, August 4. The following are the elected officers: Carmen Eustaquio, President; Benjamin Manabo, Vice-President; Magdalena N. Galaraga, Secretary i and Jesus Reyes and Gloria de Larmente, Treasurers. The club at present has sixty members but it is still open to future members. In the high school convocation the participants came from the club. The club plans to present weekly dramas or short plays. To build up funds, it will sponsor a benefit show in the second week of October. Club members shall not worry about the expenses because they will earn what they will s.pend. However, the success of the club will depend upon the members themselves, their willingness to work hard and cooperate. SENIOR CLASS ORGANIZATION To coordinate their activities, presidents and representatives of all fourth year classes met recently and formed the Senior Class Organization. The officers elected were the following: Juan Pagol, president; Pascual Flores, vice-president; Gertrudez Alfonso, secretary-treasurer, and Marcelo Ele, press relations officer. After the election, a committee was created to draft the constitution and by1949 The Arellano Star 29 laws that shall govern the body. Chairman of the committee is Gonzalo M. Jurado, with the following as members: Edgar Icogo, Angel Dominguez, Ernesto Palma, and Maximo Cornelio. The organization intends to awaken in all fourth year students a feeling of oneness and a unity of purpose. It intends to put an end to what happened last year wherein each class held ,parties and other affairs exclusively for its own. The adviser to the organization is Mr. Amando San Pedro. JUNIOR WO)JEN'S OllGA'.\'IZATION E. RIVERA Junior Women·'s Prexy Girls are in again to grace the school picture. The Junior Women's Organization was formed in a meeting of all girl representatives last July 23. Elected were the following officers: President, Estrella Rivera ; Vice-President, Theresita Vita; Secretary, Evangelina Resus; and Treasurer, Ester Siangio. Representatives to the organization are: Zenaida Beltran, Patrocinio Samson, Magdalena Galaraga, Nolita Duclayna, Gertrudes Alfonso, Carmen Eustaquio, Lolita Fortuna, Epifania Romey, Milagros Agcaoili, Teresita Alvarez, Patrocinio Velasquez, Josefina Perez, Leticia Abasancies, Amelia M. Jurado. FACULTY REENFORCEMENT The faculties of the J. Sumulong and the A. Mabini High Schools have been reenforced with the addition of two new teachers, Miss Lydia Crespo and Miss Marina N. Capistrano. Both are recent graduates of the College of Education of our University, Miss Capistrano having been graduated Cum Laude. Both were very active student leaders during their college days, Miss Crespo teaches biology classes in J . Sumulong High School while Miss Capistrano handles first year English classes at A . Mabini High School. The injection of "new blood" into the faculty is expected to give more vigor and vitality to the faculty. SECRETARY TO THE DIRECTOR What is calculated to give more efficiency to the administration of J. Sumulong High School was the approval of the appointment of Mr. Jose de Guzman as Secretary to the Director. Jn this capacity Mr. de Guzman will take charge of records, memorandums arrd. the like of J. Sumulong High School. He may also act for and in the absence of the Director. Mr. de Guzman is a member of the faculty and teaches mathematics and general science. FRESHMA!\' CLASS ORGANIZATION Spearheading the move for a more vigorous school spirit, the Freshman Classes organized themselves formally last July 23 at a meeting of all first year representatives where they elected the officers for the organization. Elected were the following: Paula Ardales, President; Prudencio Ricote, Vice-PresVETERANS VOCATIONAL INSTITUTE 467 Quezon Blvd., Quiapo Manila Courses oUeredDiesel Master Mechanic Auto Master Mechanic Driving and Trouble-Shodding 30 The Arellano Star August ident; Esperanza Ocampo, Secretary; Josefina Perez, Treasurer; Amelia M. Jurado, Press Relations Officer, and Frankie Walzykowski, Peace Officer. The organization will hold an acquaintance party in the near future. Plans are underNay to make the affair a success. At the OJ>ening of the meeting, Mrs. Rizalina S. Bartolome, adviser to the organization, gave the members a brief lecture on the importance of good leadership. Reminding them of the duties of good students, the adviser said that first year students must always be active leaders in all phases of their school life. ENROLLMENT Director Jacinto S. Galimba in an interview last week declared that the enrollment this year has soared to 2,500, the biggest so far in the history of Juan Sumulong High School. This is an increase of more than 400 over last year's record. Evidently inspired, Director Galimba embarked on a clean comparison of Arellano University with other institutions. While other institutions have resorted to all means of publicity to attract students, Arellano University, he declared, has never done that and has always kept silent, yet students continue to flock to its portals and jam its classrooms. He then proceeded to state the reasons why students have always chosen Arellano to lead them in their quest for intellectual uplift. uArellano University is not a commercial enterprise. It is an institution dedicated to the fulfillment of a sacred mission-to serve God and Country. Its aim is not only to uplift the intellect but also to build character and develop manhood. To that end/' the Juan Sumulong High School head pointed, "Arellano University has dedicated and committed itself." "It is the policy of this school to serve the students in all phases of their educational life,'' he continued, "and that policy is centered on efficient instruction. And we have the instructors to give that instruction." STAR OFFICE With the completion of the new building under construction, the hitherto officeless Arellano Star staff may find itself in an office at last, if it doesn't get crowded out again. The Star adviser has made a request with the Administration for an office plus office equipment which will enable the staff members to get the real feel of a school paper. AMHS STUDENT COUNCIL The first day of August marked the organization of the A. Mabini Student Council with Mrs. Catalina L. Moral as adviser. The officers elected to run the general school activities for the school year 1949-1950 are the following: GuiIlermo C. de Vega, president; Leodegario Alfaro, vice-president; Asuncion Cruz, secretary; Ana Cads and Gloria de Leon, treasurer and assistant treasurer respectively; Guarino Escoto, representative; and Alfredo Balajadia, PRO. In his extemporaneous speech the president appealed for the students' cooperation and for the officers' sense of responsibility. IMPROVEMENTS AT MABIN! With the hiring of new, husky janitors a lot of improvements has been made for the convenience and comfort of the student•. Worthy of note are: the cleanliness of classrooms, corridors, and the library. The surroundings now 1949 The Arellano Star 31 add beauty to the building because of the plants around. The students this year will find their studies more pleasant and easy, with the purchase of new and more textbooks for the library. The clamor of evening students for better lights has been automatically solved with the installation of brighter fluorescent lights. No doubt students will have nothing to complain of as practically all their needs have been provided for. BOOK DONORS The Philippine Social Life class last summer, under Mrs. Duran, donated six good books to the A. llfabini High School library. These books were purchased from the proceeds of the informal dance held at the A.M. H.S. hall. The books are as follows: (a) Social Cancer (b) Reign of Greed (c) World Almanac (d) Malayan Race ( e) International Dictionary (f) Everyday Speech The active officers of the Philippine Social Life class under Mrs. Duran last summer were: President-Florentino Arbuleda Vice-President-Alberto Arevalo Sec.-Treasurer-Adoracion Padilla Representative-Helen Gayon Reporter-Florante Diamante ROLL OF HONOR The Director of the A. Mabini High School released the following scholars for this school year: Fourth Year 1. Manuel Cochico . . . . . . . . . . 91 % 2. Ruben de Ocampo . . . . . . . 91 % 3. Cosette de la Cruz . . . . . . . 90 % 4. Lourdes Ponce .......... 90% Third Year 1. Illuminada Figueroa . . . . . 92% 2. Felina Alcos ............ 92% 3. Vicente Yee ............. 91.66% Second Year 1. Pedro Osias 94% 2. Anatolia Banta . . . . . . . . . . 91 % 3. Luis Figueroa . . . . . . . . . . . 91 % PARTIES The fourth year section two class of the morning session started the ball rolling last August 6 when they held an acquaintance party at Teresita Barrozo's residence. The party was attended by the members of lthe class and their friends. Management of the affair was undertaken by the class officers headed by Raul Tamayo, president. Best wishes were showered on Mrs. Socorro B. Asuncion, teacher of English of J. Sumulong High School, last August 7. Among her many well wishers were Director Galimba, co-teachers and her students. A lively barn dance sponsored by Jose Juanillo and Juan Degorio, both seniors of J. Sumulong High School, was held at the Juanillo residence in Mandaluyong last August 7. Guests were largely senior students. GIRL'S CLUB PARTY The Girls' Club of Juan Sumulong High School gave an acquaintance party last August 14th under the leadership of Estrella Rivera, president. There were special features consisting of dances, parlor games. The parlor games were candle race, threading the needle, apple peeling and musical bouquet contests. Prizes were awarded to the winners by Mrs, Socorro B. Asuncion. The party was held at the Arellano Social Hall from 2 :00 to 5 :00 p.m. (Continued on page 35) ELECTION RESULTS J. SUMULONG Morning Session: IV Special-Estrella Rivera, Pres. Maximo Cornelio, Vice-Pres. Zenaida Beltran, Sec. Genoveva Abdon, Treas. Oscar Vita, Sub-Treas. Jose Abrantes, PRO Vicente Cubacha, Peace Officer Mr. Fructuoso E. Ancheta, Adviser IV-1-Gonzalo M. Jurado, Pres. Theresita Vita, Vice-Pres. Evangelina Resus, Sec. Florencio Sevilla, Treas. Doseptimo Bangit, Rep. Eliza Addauan, Rep. Fortunato Roxas, PRO Arturo Galut, Sgt.-at-Arms Miss Simeona C. Manahan, Adviser IV-2-Raul Tamayo, Pres. Edgardo Pineda, Vice-Pres. Lucia Tandiama, Sec.-Treas. Bernardo Estamo, PRO Aurelio Repato, Rep. Ramon Barado, Sgt.-at-Arms Gregorio Garcia, Sgt.-at-Arms Mr. Enrique P. San Jose, Adviser IV-3-Ramon Sanchez, Pres. Sancho Sanchez, Vice-Pres. Marcela Francisco, Sec.-Treas. Marguerite Rumbaoa, Rep. Dionisio Capistrano, Rep. Mr. Amando San Pedro, Adviser 111-1-Sulpicio Bartonico, Pres. Constancio Corpuz, Vice-Pres. Socorro Sordan, Treas. Proserfina Rivera, Sec. Valeriano Mapalo, Sgt.-at-Arms Mrs. Demetria C. Domingo, Adviser III-2-Carmen Eustaquio, Pres. Almario Hermosura, Vice-Pres. Teresita Dionisio, Sec. Celia Silvestre, Treas. Rodolfo de la Fuente, Sgt.-at-Arms Mrs. Felicidad C. Crisologo, Adviser III-3-Baldomero de la Cruz, Pres. Ester Siangio, Vice-Pres. Remedios Perez, Sec. Evangeline Davis, Treas. Pedro Yamsuan, Sgt.-at-Arms Miss Milagros C. Saturnino, Adviser III-4-Justiliano Amil, Pres. Lydia Suarez, Vice-Pres. Cecilia Gugol, Treas. Remedios Mata, Sec. Ramon Nadora, PRO Bernabe Mortell, Sgt.-at-Arms Salvador Inocentes, Sgt.-at-Arms. Mr. Jose Ga. de Guzman, Adviser II-1-Guillermo Tran, Pres. Romulo Flores, Vice-Pres. Honorata Santos, Sec-Treas. Rufino Bella, Sgt.-at-Arms Miss Francisca L. Pangan, Adviser II-2-Dionisio Ruiz, Pres. Romeo Yamson, Vice-Pres. Lourdez Cunanan, Sec. Virginia Paredes, Treas. Ponciano Ponce, Sgt.-at-Arms Mrs. Marina Capistrano, Adviser Il-3-Salvador Luna, Pres. Arturo Cleofas, Vice-Pres. Luningning Alberto, Sec.-Treas. Mrs. Honorata Quintana, Adviser II-4-Rosario Palacio, Pres. Gloria Tolentino, Vice-Pres. Consuelo Mia, Sec.-Treas. Mario Aparejado, Sgt.-at-Arms Ricardo Malimit, Sgt.-at-Arms Mr. Jose Ga. de Guzman, Adviser 1-1-Prudencio Ricote, Pres. Magtangol Guinigundo, Vice-Pres. Caridad Santos, Sec. Clementino Pragasa, Treas. Mrs. Natividad I. Malolos, Adviser 32 The Arellano Star August 1949 The Arellano Star 33 1-2-Erlinda Victoiino, Pres. Tito Garcia, Vice-Pres. Thelma Santos, Sec. Leticia Francisco, Treas. Miss L. Fuentebella, Adviser 1-3-Paula Ardales, Pres. Violeta Espinosa, Vice-Pres. Victorino Gonzales, Sec. Jose Garcia, Treas. Ernesto Reyes, Peace Officer Eulogio Cuevas, PRO Mr. Leodegario Santos, Adviser 1-4-Josefina Perez, Pres. Rodolfo Perez, Vice-Pres. Angelita Rualo, Sec. Paz Tolentino, Treas. Mrs. Purita Z. Munson, Adviser Afternoon Session: IV-1-Pascual Flores, Pres. Romulo Moreno, Vice-Pres. Nolita Duclayna, Sec.-Treas. Manuel Rivera, :PRO. Conrado Paderon, Sgt.-at-Arms III-1-Benedicto Francisco, Pres. Mirriam Barroso, Vice-Pres. Liwayway P. Hermoso, Sec. Andrea Vitan, Treas. Armando Reyes, Sgt.-at-Arms 111-2-Hilario Ramos, Pres. Paraluman Camaya, Vice-Pres. Martina Capili, Sec. Treas. Leonardo Gapez, Sgt.-at-Arms II-1-Pablito Ong, Pres. Conchita Protacio, Sec.-Treas. Angel Castillo, Sgt.-at-Arms 11-2-Benedicto L. Tayzon, Pres. Creselda Cargo, Vice-Pres. Pacifica E. Y masa, Sec.-Treas. Patricio Manubay, Sgt.-at-Arms 1-2-Frankie Wlyzykawski, Pres. Lourdes Amado, Vice-Pres. Elpidio Bitong, Sec, Felisa Malyeda, Treas. Rustico Lago, Peace Off. Jupiter Fabula, Peace Off. 1-1-Lourdes Gonzales, Pres. Yolanda Dotaro, Vice-Pres. Marie N ayve, Sec. Antonina Tolentino, Treas. Augusto lopez, Sgt.-at-Arms 1-2-Benito de Leon, Pres. Alejandro Villamor, Vice-Pres. Purita Ronas, Sec.-Treas. Martin Villar, Sgt-at-Arms Modesto Valdez, PRO. Evening Session IV-2-Gertrudes M. Alfonso, Pres. Purificacion Llanore, Vice-Pres. Predad Cuaamped, Sec. Dolores Mendoza, Treas. Eufenico Trinidad, Marcelo Ele, Reps. Jose Gonzales, Sgt.-at-Arms Alberto Badinas, Sgt.-at-Arms 111-2-Serafin de Guzman, Pres. Dario Punzalan, Vice-Pres. Nenita Nieves, Sec. Pura Zaragoza, Treas. Restituto Villegas, Sgt.-at-Arrns 111-3-Joaquin Mendoza, Pres. Felicisimo Garcia, Vice-Pres. Patrocinio Velasquez, Sec. Araceli Penaverde, Treas. Federico Yarte, Peace Off. Enrique Fresco, PRO. 11-2-Silvestre Francisco, Pres. Jaime Tapel, Vice-Pres. Beatriz Locsin, Sec. Leticia Garcia, Treas. Benjamin Sarmiento, Sgt.-at-Arms 11-3-Nenita Garcia, Pres. Celestina Tugunon, Vice-Pres. Luzviminda V. Ofrenco, Sec.-Treas. Maria Bajintin, Sgt.-at-Arms 1-1-Mamerto Bondok, Pres. Amelia Jurado Vice-Pres. Gloria Pefiaranda, Sec. Helen Aguilar, Treas. Manuel Aquino, Sgt.-at-Arms Mrs. Gloria, Adviser, We accept all kinds of contributions, from literary articles to news tips. Send them to us through your teachers of English or simply drop them in the Contribution Box of the Arellano "Star." ELECTION RESULTS A. MARINI FIRST YEAR (Morning) President-Teresita Santos Vice-President-Fabian Taroy Secretary-Norma Funtila Treasurer-Lazaro Molina Reporter-Fabian Taroy Peace Officer-Consuelo Priela Alberto Bugay Adviser-Miss Marina Capistrano FIRST YEAR (Evening) President-Michael Dianse Vice-President-Patria Cabrera Secretary-Ana Cads Treasurer-Romana Adjar Representative-Camilo Antonio Peace Officer-Manuel Nicolas Adviser-Mrs. Gliceria Estrebel SECOND YEAR (Morning) President-Pedro Osias Vice-President-Luis Figueroa Secretary-Angela Mari Treasurer-Araceli Azucena Representatives-Lydia S. Guerrero Isidro Dimla Pe-ace Officer-Leonila Lejarde Adviser-Miss Encarnacion Cordero SECOND YEAR (Evening) President-Inocencio David Vice-President-Juanito Moat Secretary-Aurora Cabrera Treasurer-A. Simpiano Representative-William Garcia Peace Officer-Narciso Tagle Adviser-Mr. Vicente Claridades THIRD YEAR (Morning) President-Vicente Yee Vice-President-Insigne Buenaventura Secretary-Helen Gayon Treasurer-Elena Bautista Ueprese.ntatives-Donato Villafuerte Milagros Leafio Peace Officer-Felix Hernandez Adviser-Mrs. Gorgonia Capino THIRD YEAR (Evening) President-Guillermo C. de Vega Vice-President-Alfredo Balajadia Secretary-Dolores Mari Treasurer-Felina Alcos Representative-Aurelio Villanueva Reporter-Benita David Peace Officers-Olivo Estores, Romeo Sareal Adviser-Mr. Leopoldo Monteleagre FOURTH YEAR (Morning) President-Leodegario Alfaro Vice-President-Alberto Arevalo Secretary-Zenaida Buhain Treasurer-Lilia Genito Representative-Manuel Cochico Adviser-Mr. Marcial Figueroa FOURTH YEAR (Evening) President-Oscar Dizon Vice-President-Enrique Pangulayan Secretary-Gloria de Leon Treasurer-Perfecta Illorde Representatives-Florentina Mel Reynaldo Mari Reporter-Lourdes Ponce Peace Officer-Restituto Dizon Adviser-Mrs. Asuncion Quinto FOURTH YEAR (Special) President-Guarino Escote Vice-President-Jose Medina Secretary-Asuncion Cruz Treasurer-Lydia Bush Representative-Donato Perez Adviser-Mr. Marcial Figueroa 34 The Arellano Star August ~EXCHANGES~ Ry Theresita Vita THE MAP AZETTE Mapa High School Manila Hiya folks and great lovers of the· Star (and also of the moon)! We didn't hear from each other for quite a long time, no? How was your vacation? And ask about ours, it was splendid. But first we arel,wishing you good luck .and best wishes throughout the school year. \Ve know you'll need this especially now that periodical tests are in season. Inertia at rest must be kept in motion once more because you will need this passport in going to success. Here's news from our neighbor, l\lr. Mapa. The message of Acting Principal Indalecio l\ladamba of the Mapa High School to its students is indeed very true, Unconditior.al cooperation and support of students as well as teachers are needed for the betterment of the country and humanity. Among l\'lapa's important objectives is to give more emphasis on citizenship trainir,·g and preparation for life. This objective will help much in harvesting good crops from todays' generation and making out of them good and intelligent leaders of the country in the future. '\\~e are congratulating the administrators of this school for laying out such an important program! BIRTHDAYS Director Jacinto S. Galimba of J. Sumulong High School gave a party en the occasion of his birthday last Augu-;t i3 in his Quezon City residence. Among those who attended were President Florentino Cayco, Dean Francisco Capist::.ino, Dean Lorenza 0. de Jes us, Dean Fortunato Gupit, Dean Enriqueta Benavidez, Registrar Marcelino Estacio, and the instructors of the J. Surr.ulong High School. Mr. Angel Bejar, director of A. Mabini High School, celebrated his birthday anniversary last July 28 at the A. Mabini High School building. Among his wellwishers were: Mr. Galimba, director of Juan Sumulong High School, Mr. Jose de Guzman and a host of other instructors of the Juan Sumulong High School, and the teachers of the A. Mabini High School. DRUM AND BUGLE CORPS The Arellano Drum and Bugle Corps upon invitation of the Manila Council participated in the celebration of the late President Quezon's birthday last August 19 in Quezon City. Under the leadership of Band Master Tomas Milan, the band gave a brilliant performance and was met with a thunderous ovation as it passed the grandstand. 1949 The Arellano Star 35 LEONARDO SFAREZ MAGOS COSETTE DE LA CRUZ Mga Patnugot ANG AT/NG T ATLONG /NA Hindi na bago sa pandinig ng balana ang katagang Ina, sapagka't ang ina ang pangalawang pinagkakautangan natin ng buhay at 1>agkakasilang sa daigdig. Nguni't. .. sa INAKG BAY AX at sa IXAKG WIKA, na siyang pangalawa at pangatlong ina ng bawa't tao ay bihira ang nakakakilala at lrnng minsan ay may nilikha pang nagdudulot at umaakay sa kasawian ng ating bayan, nagtataksil at nagkakanulo sa mga tapat na anak ng bayan, h>inagbibili ang sariling karapatan sa ibang bansa. Higit sa lahat, ay ang ating inang wika ang lumalasa1> ng mapapait na pagla· pastangan sa kanyang mga anak. Itinatakwil, ikinahihiya at ipinagpapalit sa isipan ng iba. Kung tayo'y magpapatuloy sa masasamang hilig na gaya ng paglapastangan ng rnarami sa inang wika ay ano kaya tayo sa araw ng bukas? Kung mawalan tayo ng inang wika ay wala nang kahabag-habag na lahing tulad nitong ating bayan. l\latutulad tayo sa mga ulilang palaboy ng tadhana, watak-watak at walang pagkakaisa sapagka't, ayon sa yumaong Quezon ay ang ating inang wika ang daan ng pagkakaisa at buklod ng ating lahi. Ang tagumpay at kasawian ng ating bayan ay nasa ating mga kilos at gawain, sa ating mga mamamayan nakasalalay ang kinabukasan ng ating bayan. Huwag nating pabayaang mawala ang isa sa tatlong ina natin. ::\' gayo'y panahon na ng pagbabago sa masasamang hilig natin. L. S. M. --oOo-Ang lahat ay mayroong langit na katapat. Ang wika ang siyang puso, diwa at kaluluwa ng bayan. -Jose Rizal Ang wika ang landas sa pagkakaisa ng lahi. -:Manuel L, Quezon 36 The Arellano Star August 19'19 Handog sa J{anyang Kamahalan Dr. Jose P. Laurel Dr. Jose P. Laurel Isang Pilipinong sumilang sa bayang Tanawan, Batangas, Lahing kayumangging dugo ng bayani ang nasasa ugat; l{awika ng ating yumaong makatang Francisco Balagtas, Lalaking pag-asa ng bay an kahapon, ugayo't saka bukas: Ang kanyang lunggati't mga panagimpa'y ang ating pangarap, !\labigkis ang· bayan sa wikang tagalog, laya at watawat; Kahanay ng ating mga dinakilang Rizal, Quezon, Roxas, At isa sa mga nagtirik ng a ting bandilang sagisag: J{anyang ihahandog ang buhay at dugo hanggang huling patak, Rung dahil sa bayan at kinakitaan ng unang liwanag; Tunay na lalaking taga sa panahong ang diwa at utak Ay utak at diwa ng isang :\labining lumpo'y nakilamas: Isa sa iilang may pangalang ginto sa ngalan ng batas, Na nagbigay dangal sa pulo ng Luzon, 2\lindanaw, Visayas; Sa dagat ng laya nang ang inang bayan ay mapapahamak, Tanging Pilipinong umugit sa daong nitong Pilipinas: Ang gerilyang bayang sa mga larangan ay hindi nayapak, Nguni't kailangang magkaron ng ginto at medalyang pilak; Ang kanyang magtanim nang upang mabuhay sa gutom ang lahat, Saksing siya'y hindi nagtaksil sa baya't maging sa kabalat: Bayaning buhay pa'y dapat magkaroon ng sariling pitak, Sa dahon ng ating gintong kasaysayang gintong walang kupas; Andres Bonifaciong tigas ng mulawin ang puso sa tigas, Na hindi natakot sa 1mtok ng kanyon at talim ng tabal\: Bagong Lapu·-lapung sa sakang na dayo'y Sultang makitalad, Xa ang sinandata sa pakikidigma'y talino't panulat; Apostol ng lahing nangaral sa bayang ang tao'y magsipag, Sapagka't marangal mabuhay ang taong buto'y binabanat: !\ag-iisang Kristo ng lahing tagalog na siyang nagligtas, Sa may labing walong milyong Pilipino sa kamay ng sukab; Xgayong itong bayan ay may ~agutin na ~a ibayong dagat, Ang pagkawala mo sa pamahalaan ay isang pagbagsak: Ang gulo sa Luzon na hindi naayos ng mga Iumutas, Sa mga palad mo iniaatang ngayon ng dukha't may pilak; Ang lumang usapin ng mga nalabi sa Bataa't Kapas, Hong bayang api ay naniniwalang ikaw ang lulunas: Sa isang halalan ng pagtatagisan ng lakas sa lakas, Kasasabik kaming sa dadaanan mo'y magsabog ng rosas; Sa paglilingkod mong nagawa sa baya't mga gintong aklat, Dr. Laurel kang dapat na patungan ng mga bulaklak. Tula ni SERAFIN DE GUZMAN The Arellano Star 37 PANAGINIP LAMANG PALA ni Leonardo Suarez l\lagos RNESTO, bakit ka ]aging hu,li kung pumasok sa paaralan at kay limit na walang "home-work." ha?" Ang pagalit na tanong ng guro kay Ernesto. "Ano! bakit hindi ka sumagot?" Ang ulit ng guro. "Sapagka't hindi po ako makalabas roon," ang madalang na tugon ni Ernesto. "Bakit, kinukulong ba kayo roon ?" Ang pabirong tanong ng guro na siyang dahilan ng pagtatawanan ng mga nag-aaral. "Ganyan nang ganyan ang malimit na sapitin ni Erning sa loob ng paaralan, kung minsa'y pinagtatawanan at kung minsa'y kinagagalitan. Isang araw, si Ernesto ay hindi nakapasok sanhi sa karamdamang dumapo sa kanya. Latag na latag ang kanyang katawan sa luma at sira-sirang banig samantalang hinahaplos ng kanyang ina ang kanyang noo. "lnay," ang sa di-kawasa'y nasambit ni Ernesto. "Ano 'yon anak, masa.kit pa ba ang ulo mo?" Ang nagugulumihanang tanong ni Aling Senday, ang ina ni Ernesto. "Hindi po inay may sasabihin lamang sa inyo." "Ano ang iyong sasabihin ?" "Gusto ko pong tumigil na sa pagaaral." ''Bakit anak, natatamad ka na bang mag-aral ?" "Hindi po, kailan ma'y hindi ko maaaring katamaran ang pag-aaral. Lamang ay nais kong makatulong sa lnyo," ang pangangatwiran ni Ernesto sa kanyang ina. "Kung gayo'y huwag mo na akong alalahanin sapat n~ ang makita kitang nasa mabuting kalagayan upang ako ay lumigaya. Pagsikapan mong matuto ka." Sasagot pa sana si Ernesto kung hindi lamang may tumatawag sa lu,pa. "Hintay ka muna anak at titingnan ko lamang kung sino iyong tumatawag." "Aha! kuya kaylan ka pa dumating, bakit hindi mo kasama ang inso ?" "Ang inso mo'y sumapayapa na,"ang malungkot na tugon ni Mang Kulas, ang kapatid ni Aling Senday na bagong dating buhat sa Amerika. "Maalaala ko nga pala, kamusta ang asawa mo,"-ang tanong ni Mang Kulas na naghahanap. ':Kuya, dalawang taon ka pa lamang naipadadala ng pamahalaan sa Amerika ay binawian na siya ng buhay ng Maykapal. Tanging si Erning na lamang ang katulong ko sa mga tiisin at mga paghihirap,"-ang lumulu~1ang pagtatapat ni Aling Senday. "Huwag kang magalaala at tutulungan kita. Patay na rin lamang ang inso mo'y sa inyong dalawa na lamang ni Erning ko iyuukol ang aking paglilingkod up.r.:.ng kahit sa 1 pamamagitan ninyo'y magantihan ko ang mga paghihirap sa akin ni nanay." Wiling-wili ang magkapatid na Senday at Kulas sa pag-uusap nang tuwawag si Erning. "Inay." Magkasunod silang lumapit sa silid ng may sakit at pagkatapos na maibi38 The Arellano Star August ng trak. gay ang hinihingi ni Erning ay ipinagpatuloy ang kanilang pag-uusap. Lumipas ang mga araw, si Erning ay magaling na. Hindi na siya ang dati'y huli kung pumasok at kinagagalitan ng guro. Siya ngayon ang pinakamaagang pumapasok sa 1 paaralan. "lnay!" ang tangi niyang nasambit at nawalan siya ng ulirat. Makailang sandali ay dumating ang kaniyang ina. "Erning, Erning.. . hoy Erning, gumising ka na't tanghali na, baka mahuli ka na naman sa klase." Isang gabi, samantalang siya'y m;iglalakad na papauwi buhat sa paaralan ay Sinamang-palad siyang masagasaan "Ho ... oho," sabay balikwas sa pagkakahiga at pagkatapos ay sinalat ang kanyang mga bisig-"PANAGINIP LAMANG PALA." 1949 Mapaqfaqumpa4 Mula sa Invictus ni Henley, tinagalog ni CRISANTO I. MALmSI Sa lambong ng luksang gabing sa buhay ko'y nakatakip l\Iaitim sa kalaliman ang tinatanaw na libis Salamat rin kay Bathala may likha ng sandaigdig Diwa ko rin ang tatanglaw sa bala kong pagsasakit. Sa aking pakikitalad sa ano mang pangyayari Hindi ako magtitigil ni iiyak, magsisisi Sa takbo ng kapalara'y di ako magpapahuli Marapa ma't rnalugami'y magbabangon ding parati. Sa kabila ng galit ko at ng luhang bumabalong Patulo'y rin ang pangarnba't walang tighaw na linggatong Ang lahat ng paghihirap dumatal mang susun-suson Di mo ako makikitang matatakot at uurong. Makipot man ang landasing tatahakin ko sa buhay Kahit anong upasala at pasakit ang makamtan Ako lamang ang siyang guro sa buhay ko't kapa1aran Ako rin ang siyang sulo na hahawi ng karirnlan. The Arellano Star 39 Wastong Gamit ng mga Salitang Parang Magkasingkahulugan Nang-nang siya'y mahirap pa ay matalik na kaibigan ko. nagalit nang di makuha ang hinihingi. narito na kami nang sila'y dumating. Ang nang na ito, na katumbas ng noong, ay isinusulat na laging buo upang maiba sa pantukoy na ng. Bago-bago ako, ikaw muna. bagong kaaalis. bago palamang nag-aaral, natigil na. kababago pang kas.al nang rnabalo. Muna-ikaw muna, bago ako. halika munang sandali. sinamba muna't saka nililo: sambalilo. hanggang di ako dumarating huwag ka munang aalis. Karaniwang ang bago at muna ay magkatugunan o magkapunuan ng katuturan sa loob ng isang buong pangungusap; datapwa, samantalang ang bago ay I.aging nauuna sa inaabayang salita, ang muna ay lagi namang nahuhuli. Dati-dating mayaman, ngayo'y mahirap. matumal sa rati ang pagbibili. sa bahay na iyan kami dating nakatira. Parati-parati siyang sinasaktan ng ulo. paratihan na ba tayo sa ilalim ng kapangyarihan ng iba? Lagi-lagi sa kahirapan at di na gumir1ha-ginhawa. 1 palagi k.a na lamang dumaraing. Ang pang-abay na parati ay di hango sa dati, na gaya ng palagi sa lagi, sapagka't may ibang kahulugan at diwa. Ang ibig sabihin ng parati ay pa1agi, samantalang ang dati ay noong araw, o nang panahong nagdaan. ---oOo--Ang magtanim ng hangin, bagyo ang aanihin. * Umalis kang pinaghihinayangan, huwag kinasusuk1aman. Ang mata ng bintana ng kalu1uwa. Ang tao kung hindi pa nasusugatan, angi hapdi ng sugat pinagtatawanan. 40 The Arellano Star August PLANNING AND ESTABLISH/NG A RESTAURANT FIRST INSTALLMENT Note: Postwar conditions in the United States have fostered. businns-mindedneSs. arq.ong thf people. Men and women who desire to nm a business of their own "have been seeking l:iasiC and l'Uthoritative advice on starting a particular business. To answer the need for sound and practical information on establishing and operating various types of enterprises," the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce in the United States prepared small business manuals. The Arellano Urli'Versity has some copies of these booklets. But they are so few that it would be impossible for aJI highschool students to have access to them. Believing that they should be read by all students' beCause they contain practical guides for attaining success in small businesses, we have taken itie pain of nproducing them and have the synopses published by installment in the Arcllan.O Star. The materials are not therefore our original. Where ideas were expressed simply, clearly, and concisely in the original, no attempt was made to re-express them in our own language. The orig~nal was just copied verbatim. The restaurant industry is important not only for being fourth in size among the retail lines but also because it caters to the health of a great number of people and in it centers the social life of the country. Its importance in our national life is increasing. People have become accustomed to eating in restaurants; they have realized the importance of proper nutrition, for health and vigor so that they are less likely to continue their old habit of having cold lunches. Even housewives who continue to hold their jobs would consider their feeding problems solved. For these reasons, there are many opportunities in store for those who have the skill, ability and interest in this business. Many positions in the restaurant field afford fine opportunities for earning a comfortable salary and for an advancement to a better paying job. One may want to go into business bv himself. The business is easy to ente;, it requires only desire, a few recipes and money to start with. By being your own boss, you have many advantages. You may make your own decisions and be responsible only to yourself; you develop ideas and you may even expe:fiment with new and progressive methods. If you are good you . reap you:r; just rewards and when. the business develops and grows you may be able to pass on to your heirs what you have created. However, operating a restaurant has also its disadvantages. Work is hard, hours are long and irre .. gular restaurant employers and em .. ployees have to work while their cus .. tomers do not, for they have. to open before the customers go to work and stay open long after their· patrdn·s haVe finished their work. Food purchasing an,d preparation requires time, effort and constant supervision. Then·,' the responsibility of the "boss .jg a. great strain, developing ideas mean work and worry. A good restaurant ·owner must therefore have initiative, .be· a selfstarter, be able to dir"ect and. lead, must have ability to put into effect hi& ideas, be able to hire and fire and must have a financial risk. Many people who start· the restaurant business give up in a short ti"me not because they represent complete firiancial failure but because the going is rougher than what they expected; or he may have found a job that pays better or because he failed to make a sue1949 The Arellano Star 41 42 The Arellano Star August cess of it. There may be a number of causes of this failure. It may be due to general business conditions of which the proprietor has no control as over severe competition, obstructions that pile along the sidewalk and block pedestrain traffic, repairs of streets, stagnant industries and demand for lower prices. Floods, fires and other disasters may paralyze the business. Then again, the manager may lack training, may bP. lazy, over-optimistic or extravi;igant which all spell failure. I. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS The restaurant business differs from others in that for general requirements it combines different aspects of manufacturing, retailing, and service trades. Health of the public is involved so the restaurant industry has a social responsibility. II. PERSONAL REQUIREMENTS For successful operation of a foodservice business, certain aptitudes and personal qualities are essential. One must like food, know good food, have an interest for the highest standard, have imagination, constant effort for improving old practices and develop new ideas. He should like people, be pleasant, courteous, fair, tolerant and earn the respect and good will of the competitors. He should have a high degree of technical knowledge, a head for figures, a knowledge to negotiate contracts as rents, insurance and sales. Finally, he must have an attitude of pride and responsibility of his business. III. TYPES OF RESTAURANTS The restaurant business has a wide scope; it is an old business but only showed striking growth in recent years. In sales volume it ranks 5th being exceeded by food stores, department stores, motor vehicle dealers and filling stations. Many types of restaurants have developed because each class of customers expect different things from a restaurant, hence we have here cafeterias, buffets and lunch counters for people in a hurry, the service type of restaurant for those who can be leisurely at mealtime and tearooms and luncheonettes for women shoppers and grills for men. The eating places may therefore be classified under 3 general groups: (1) service restaurants, cafeterias and lunchroom, (2) lunch counter and stand, (3) coffee drink, juice and ice cream stands. IV. TYPES OF OWNERSHIP There are different types of ownership. They may either be chain restaurants which may be local, sectional, or national, manufacturer controlled and leased departments or they may be also independents as single stores, multiunits. In these business, the sale of meals is not the only activity. Many restaurants gain considerable income from the sale of such commodities as soft drinks, beer, wine, cigars, cigarettes, tobacco, chewing gum and candy. As has been stated before, there are many restaurant owners who give up their business in a short time. Majority of these discontinuances occur in the first few years and among smaller establishments. After the dangerous early years are over, the prospects of continuing in business for a long time are much better. It has been studied and found out that most of the discontinuances are among restaurants with little capital. 1949 The Arellano Star 43 V. SELECTING A LOCATION Before one can establish a restaurant there are so many things to be taken into account. The first most important is the location. To select a location it is necessary to make a definite decision on the type of eating place one will operate. Choose a type suited to you, your experience, background, capital resources, operating ability, personality and tastes. 1. Rent in Relation to Location Rent bears a great relation~hip to the sales volumes. A location where the largest volume of sales can be made is not advisable for rent is high and only the business equipped to handle a large volume can hope to succeed. Many mistakes are made in selecting a location. If choice is bad, the business is handicapped from the start. In selecting a location1 the town or city must be decided upon, then the particular section or neighborhood, then finally the exact site. 2. Selecting the Town One going into business usually open up in a town he knows best without considering other places. Certainly, it is improvement to live in a town that appeals to you, but questions as: need for a restaurant in that town, status of the town's population, industry and other outlooks have to be weighed. Sight of town selected will depend upon the operation planned. In general, people in smaller towns do not eat outside more than in larger towns. 3. Selecting the Neighborhood Types of eating places that are planned have an important bearing on the selection of the neighborhood. Determine what types of people will patronize your store and locate where they would want to eat. Many establishments obtain most of their business from persons who usually don't live in the immediate neighborhood, they go to considerable distances just to patronize a particular restaurant. Whatever the particular neighborhood most suitable for your type of restaurant, it is well to select one that is growing so that business will expand with the community. Competition is one of the most important factors to consider in selecting the neighborhood for a restaurant. One can't expect to succeed well in a place where there are already too many restaurants. Fear of competition has frightened many restaurant owners. On,e who starts business where other eating places are present can succeed by capitalizing on the principles or methods of operation in which their competitors are weak. Such attacks are open as offering better or different food, offering better service or different kind of service, utilizing more agressive and intelligent sales promotiol\ technique, charging lower prices, and operating longer hours. 4. Selecting the Site Another thing to be considered is the building. It should be of a physical structure as to lend itself to full and efficient use for restaurant operation. It should have preparation rooms, storerooms, lockers, etc. Backdoor entrances for receiving goods and disposal of refuse etc. are in.deapensable. It should be of the right size and shape to conform with state and local health laws and ordinances, it should furthermore be attractive and distinctive. 44 The Arellano Star August Vl. GETTING INTO THE RESTAURANT BUSINESS 1. Buying a Going Business One can get into the resaurant business by buying a going business. Buying going business has many advantages for it may be bought at a bargain price, the owner has brought together the assets n,ecessary to conduct the business thru the purchaser benefits from the. predecessors knowledge and experience, he can acquire patrons accustomed to eating there and dominate the initial period of waiting for business while getting established. Buying a going business has also several disadvantages for the owner may had a bad reputation for then one will have to be battling the customers prejudices thus he will be taking a greater than normal risk, if the predecessor had made a poor choice of equipment, arranged the restaurant badly and had unwise selection of menus, he will be associated with the mistah:, and although the going business inherits certain customers who have the habit of eating there, one must face the facts that many potcnial customers have fo11ned the habit of not ratronizing it. 2. Investigating an Established Restaurant Before purchasing an established restaurant, it is important to pMcure all possible information, concerning the business. Some are good business ventures, have steady and adequate patronage and are strategically located with buildings and furnishings in good condition but some are bad ventures. As a prospective buyer, it is imperative to study the situation at first hand either as an employee for several weeks or by continuous observation throughout the day for at least two weeks. Certain things must be investigated carefully to determine the value of the going business. Chief assets and liabilities should be valued separately. Find out if there is a mortgage on the equipment. Legal advice must be sought before the transaction is closed. 3. Working Capital In addition to the capital required for alteration, equipments and furnishings, a cash reserve must be set aside to cover expenses till such a time as the regular income from the operation is sufficient to do so. Items that are to be paid out of these fund are; organization expenses, pre-opening expenses, deposits for public utilities, opening food inventory, to cover the payroll, the rent and for an emergency. 4. Forms of Legal Organization a. Individual Proprietorship Most small restaurants are started by a single individual and operated as sole proprietorships but are organized as partnerships or corporations. An individual proprietorship is managed by one person. He does business under his own name or h~ may operate under a trade name. An artificial name under which all his business operations are carried out. This form of organization has cerk!in obvious advantagesias singleminded control, flexibility and the reward one finds from a feeling of independence. On the other hand, the operations of the owner are limited by the extent of his capital and experience and the success often depends on his continuous personal attention to business. b. Partnership The partnership is an association cf 1949 The Arellano Star 45 two or more persons in the conduct of an enterprise. The rights and duties of the partners toward each other and toward the public are regulated by the partnership agreement, an agreement that may either be in writing or implied by actions of the parties. Partners may operate under .'l trade name as individual proprietors. There are different kinds of partnerships, as the general partnership, where each partner is liable for all the partnership debts. If there is a general partner it usually includes also one or more limited partners. The limited partner contributes certain stated amounts to the capital on condition that he shall not be held liable for partnership debts beyond the amount contributed. An ostensible partner is one who upon representation that he is a partner has indueed third persons to deal with the partnership. He is liable for the firms obligations just as if he were an active partner. Partnerships permit the pooling of capital, skill, experience and business contacts thus increasing the scope of the business and enhancing its credit standing. A principal drawback arises from the presumption, in law that each ·partner has an equal voice in the management of business, another is that each partner is the agent of all the others in dealing with the public and may bin.... them by contracts he may make within the scope of the business. c. Corporation A co:tjporation is an instrument for the ovmership and management of an enterprise. It is a device where a person may invest a given sum without becoming personally liable for the indebtness beyond the amount invested. It is an artificial bein·g, an entity separate from the stock-holders, officials and directors, and so may be sued and sue without affecting the individuals. It comes into existence with a certificate of incorporation or charter signed by 3 or more incorporators or stockholders. In exchange for money or property, the corporation issue shares of stocks to the stockholders. Shares are the stockholders interest in the organization and are readily transferable. There are advantages in a corporation as limited liability, central management and transferability of ovmership. In this, certain expenses must be considered. Onie is the cost of incorporating, another is the difficulty of some small corporations in obaining credit and then there is the matter of taxation. 5. Furnishing and Equipment Another thing to be considered in the establishment of a restaurant are the furnishings and equipments. The dining rooms and counters are the two most used places and therefore equipments and furnishings should not only be sturdy but they should provide comfort,_.ease of movement and provide atmosphere that ic:: pleasant and enjoyable. All fixtures should enhance the decorative scheme of the rooms and be attractive. Lighting systems should be adequate, ventilation sufficient and floors and walls easily cleaned and attractive. There should also be complete equipments for storage and production. 6. Laws, Taxes and Insurance A business operated either by an individual proprietor or by partnership have to submit and follow state regulations. They have to comply with the income tax law. (To be continued next is.sue) What Students Who From Other Have Schools Juanito Centeno: (Manila Western Colleges) Transferred Say Last year I left Arellano but now I come again into the fold because there is no place like Arellano. Domingo Albano: (Dingras Provincial High School) A friend of mine told me Arellano is the best private school established in our country and in this I agree with him. Timeteo Angco: (Northwestern College) Arellano University is the best in every field. Eduardo Lavarias: (Far Eastern University) Arellano University is the place where understanding between the teachers and the students exists. Apolinario Razon: (Caloocan High School) If you want discipline and best in the field of education, seek Arellano. Isidro Gallanosa: (Letran College) If the administration wants Arellano to be the best, it should lay more emphasis on discipline. Tripon de la Cruz: (Sta. Rita Institute) I find the teachers here sympathetic, understanding and at all times ready to help students in need of assistance. Rafael Simuangco: (Bohol College) Instruction is better here than in any other schools I have attended so far. Lazaro Molina: ( Lakandula Elementary School) In Arellano the faculty is strong, and the teaching is the best. Rosalina Blaquera: (University of Visayas) I chose Arellano University because from its portals come successful men and women. Liliosa Bernal: (Far Eastern University) Graduates of this school say that Arellano has taken great strides in the improvement of the lot of her students and I, too, say so. Benita David: (Arellano High School) I have been in :many schools but I am determined to stay here the rest of my high school life, because everyone has an understanding heart, from the faculty members to the student body. Milagros Leaiio: (Jose Abad Santos High School) To me the honor of having the highest standard of teaching among private schools must be given to Arellano University. Teresita Santos: (Polo Elementary School) In Arellano harmony between the teachers and the students exists; among students there is cooperation. Luminidad Buan: (Bohol College) I consider Arellano University a symbol of great learning. I am fortunate to be one of her many thousands of students. 46 The Arellano Star August Magdalena N. Galaraga A prophecy of Mr. Snooper came true. HFor all you know, there will always be a snooper and he will go on snooping even if it costs him his nose." Here I am, folks. But this time, I am a Miss Snooper (Don't get dis3J)pointed, misters, a miss can also snoop). And mind you, though I am new, I already feel ink trickling down my face. Aha, guess what? I found a place to snoop. The Barrozo Residence. Occasion: Acquaintance party. Time: 1_:00 to 6:00 p. m. (Saturday, August 6). Members: Fourth Year, Section Two, a. m. On the look-out, Miss Snooper! Ouch, my nose! "So sorry," said the gentleman making way for my nose, so it could get a better view of the dancing couples. And it was worth it! My, my, Lucila Tandiama sure has a knack for dancing the Apa.lachicola (not the wild one, of course), especially with Alfonso Angeles for a partner. But say, partners, here comes a rival: namely, the "small, but terrific (not terrible this time)" Alvin Orsolino coupled with Maria Navarro, his partner in size. He tackled the Tango with "twinkling feet" Lucille (in spite of their difference in height). And how his gliding and sweeping strokes surpassed "Monsieur El Tango." With Teresita Barrozo, he guarachaed and would have beaten Ricardo Montalban. (Wow, gangway, folks. He's got his eyes on me). Exit for Miss Snooper, she very truly cannot do a thing with her feet. Sh-sh-sh-, don't make noise. Aw, come on, taste it. Yum, yum, ice cream surely makes my mouth water. The trouble is, Raul Tamayo, the 1 president, beat me to it. (He was the first to taste the ice cream while poor I, got my share only after all of them had been served). Hey, what's that? Wanted, some dishwashers? Take it easy, gals! They cannot escape now. The blue apron is for the boy who will wash at the faucet, while the two white ones are for those who will wipe and arrange the cups, saucers and spoons. Guess who truly performed his duty. The serious, but amiable, Remigio Bautista, of course. While the two others, Tamayo and Benjamin Bartolome, shirked their duty, and tickled by the strains of the Cascarita, dashed off to get their partners. Thank goodness! The radio phonograph squeaked its protests. Enjoyed yourselves? Not so much, because only a few girls could dance? But we did not "bore holes," did we? All right, don't grumble, next time we might dance more like "Queen Terpsichore," eh? Better still, we will let you have your fill of the ice cream and cookies. Have a heart, chum. I cannot snoop any more. My feet are tired, my face, my hands, and oh-oh-oh, my party dress is ruined because of my "running fountain pen." ARELLANO UNIVERSITY O'lrmher, Pbilippine Association of Colleges & Universities) Plaza Arellano, Sampaloc, Manila *** COLLEGES & SCH'OOLS • Al'ellano Graduate School • Arellano Law College • College of Arts & Sciences (Pre-Law, Pre-Medic, 4year A. B.) • College of Commerce • College of Engineering • College of Education • Jr. Normal College • J. Sumulong High School • A. Mabini High School (Corner Zurbarail & l\1is11< ricordia) • J. Abad Santos High School, 351 E. Rivera, Pasay • Arellano Elementary School • Arellano University in Pasig *** FLORENTINO CA YCO President t t' Printed by Nation~) Printing Co., Inc.