Rare Periodicals

The Republic

Media

Part of The Republic

Title

The Republic

Issue Date

Year I, (No.4) November 6, 1944

Year

1944

Language

English

Rights

extracted text

(JMv. -T« Wl-Trt i I4^1 ©Ije ^Fpnbltr hj33 YEAR I MANILA, PHILIPPINES, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 1944 No. 4 Homage Paid To Nation’s War Dead President Laurel Urges Understanding In Memorial Day Speech The deep sense of veneration and gratitude in which the Filipino nation holds its war dead found voice in the simple but stirring words of President Jose P. Laurel at the ceremonies held Thursday morning at Malacanan in memory of the Filipino heroes who gave their lives in this and past wars. The President paid high tribute to them and reminded the Filipino people of the imperative need for a pervasive understanding among themselves because no foreigner can love the Filipinos better than the Filipinos themselves. The solemn ceremonies held at Malacanan which was attended by President Laurel, members of his cabinet and their families, and other ranking officials of the Re­ public, began with a Mass in the Palace Chapel with Mons. Cesar Ma. Guerrero officiating. An out­ standing feature of the event was the distribution of cash gifts and clothing to many veterans, war widows and orphans or their re­ presentatives. In connection with 30,000 Needy Families Aided Deserving feeu/’falnihes all over the twelve districts of Manila, numbering around 30,000, received gifts consisting of clothing mate­ rials, dried fish and coconuts from the government on the occasion of the celebration of the first anni­ versary of the Republic of the Philippines last October 14, 1944. As in the distribution of confis­ cated rice to indigents, Bagumbuhay and Bagumpanahon districts had the most recipients. In this special distribution of gifts, charit­ able institutions had their share. In clothing materials alone, some 37,341 yards have been distributed by Mrs. G. T. Pecson in the name of President and Mrs. Jose P. Laurel to such charitable institu­ tions as colleges, convents and homes for the aged and infirm. This is aside from dried fish and other gifts given directly by Mala­ canan to the poor. The Women’s Bureau of the KALIBAPI handled the distribu­ tion in the different districts of the city, assisted by the district chiefs and representatives of the Bureau of Investigation and the Philippine Constabulary. Laurel Affords Youth Best Opportunity For Leadership Believing that the country’s fu­ ture will in a great measure de­ pend upon the capacity, sturdiness and vigor of today’s young men, President Jose P. Laurel declared last week, when he administered the oath of office to Teodoro Evan­ gelista, new vice-minister of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, that the sooner the affairs of our gov­ ernment are placed in young hands, the better for our people. “We know,” the President said, “that we are not going to live very long, especially during these cru­ cial days. When we die, we shall leave behind us men of the younger generation who have understood.. our purposes and the objectives of the government and our people; and when we shall have gone and perhaps been forgotten, they shall carry over the work we had left The new vice-minister succeeded former Vice-Minister Emilio Abello who was recently named to the post of executive secretary of the Republic. Before his appointment, Vice-Minister Evangelista was technical assistant in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. President Laurel’s remarks on the occasion of the oath-taking of Vice-Minister Evangelista follows in full: “Upon the recommendation of the Minister of Foreign Affairs, I have appointed Honorable Teodoro Evangelista as Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs, a young man, with a view to placing in young hands the affairs of our Government. The sooner we do that the better for (Continued on page 3) New Rice Harvest Seen Revision Of .Is OzjZp Relief To CrisisRe"tals ' Aiithnri7Dd Authorized Minister Sabido Says There’s Only Enough For Limited Needs “There’s enough rice in the hands of the government, held in various provinces to take care of the gov­ ernment’s direct and moral obli­ gations,” declared Minister of Eco­ nomic Affairs Pedro Sabido when interviewed by the Republic about the rice and other foodstuffs situa­ tion in Manila. “The difficulty lies in transpor­ tation, particularly fuel,” he ad­ ded, “and this is what is being attended to with all possible dili­ gence, so that nobody need say we are crossing our hands in the face of an acute situation.” By direct obligation, Minister Sabido meant the hospitals, govern­ ment welfare institutions, the con­ stabulary, and prisons and by moral obligations, the Community Kitchens and charitable establish­ ments. It was explained that the government holds enough rice in Manila for its direct obligations but not for its moral obligations. Just how soon enough rice will be avail­ able for the community kitchens and other charitable organizations, however, nobody knows, for the matter depends entirely upon the availability of fuel. Thus it is evident that the situa­ tion in Manila as to food supply will remain much the same as it is today until the new crop of rice is available and this again will depend upon what the new Joint Government and Army Committee will be able to do to bring it to the city. Minister Sabido is, how­ ever, very optimistic that this new body will be able to insure an ade­ quate supply to Manila. It may start functioning sometime this month. this tangible manifestation of the Government’s recognition of the heroic services of Filipino war dead, the President took .occasion to announce that, aside from the amount of ¥430,000 already dis­ tributed by the Republic among war widows and orphans and their families, he will make another amount available for their assist­ ance and relief. The ceremonies at Malacanan highlighted the nation-wide ob­ servance of Memorial Day in the Philippines. All churches and reli­ gious institutions celebrated masses at seven o’clock in the morn­ ing for the peaceful and eternal repose of the Filipino officers and men buried in the national ceme­ tery at O’Donnell, Capas, Tarlac. During these rites one-minute si­ lent prayers were observed for the MANILA’S FOOD SITUATION BARED; MAYOR SAYS HE’S DOING BEST BUT.... Manila, you have to wait “for a while,” for nothing can be done—nor is being done—just now about your food supply to give you relief. That is the clear impression one gets at City Hall. Manila, you must wait for the new harvest normally in December and when—if—you get that, City Hall believes that the new rice will fix everything else up for you, for the government, for everybody; that is, it will bring down the price of your bangus and bagoong, your kangkong and kamote, your vegetable and vinegar, your pinakbet and papait. So City Hall says and you ought to take it from them there. But meanwhile, don’t fail to tighten your belt and to pray for the best. Yes, Manila, you must be patient and forbearing. There’s nothing the City Hall is doing now, matters,—about your rice for instance,—being left entirely to the Joint Committee of the National Government and the Imperial Japanese Army, but just the same it is said the best is being done under the circumstances. So, to your patience and forbear­ ance, you must add understanding also. Soon, December will come, only a matter of just one month, and the' new harvest will come and with it you are assured of other things. It’s only one month more, indeed, and not too far off, if you can hold off your hunger and your thirst with faith and confidence and trust in the City Hall. “The best is being done for you under the cir­ cumstances.” That’s City Hall’s assurance. (Continued on page 2) Appointments UpTo Ministers Feeling the need for a more sim­ plified and expeditious procedure in the matter of appointments and promotions in the Philippine Civil Service, President Jose P. Laurel last week issued Executive Order No. 97 which vests the power to take final action on appointments in the Minister of State concerned and authorizes the District Commission­ ers to act for the respective minis­ ters in matters of appointments. The text of Executive Order No. 97 reads as follows: “Whereas, there is need in view of the existing emergency for a more simplified and expeditious procedure in the matter of ap­ pointments and promotions in the Philippine Civil Service, I, Jose P. Laurel, President of the Republic of the Philippines, by virtue of the powers vested in me by law, do hereby promulgate the following .rules and regulations amending the present procedure in the appoint­ ment and promotion of officers and employees in the Philippine Civil Service: “1. Appointments of subordinate officers and employees, including those of ranking officials as defined in Executive Order No. 14 of the (Continued on page 2) Laurel To Speak On GE A Charter President Jose P. Laurel is sche­ duled to address the Filipino people in a nationwide remote control broadcast from Malacanan at eight o’clock tonight, on the occasion of the first anniversary of the adop­ tion of the Joint Declaration of Greater East Asiatic Nations. The President’s speech will high­ light the participation of the Re­ public in the anniversary celebra­ tion held today throughout Greater East Asia. In another speech, the President will speak to the world on the sig­ nificance of the Greater East Asia Charter which was formulated a year ago at a conference in which he took active part as head of the Republic of the Philippines. City Police Under Mayor Placed under the immediate con­ trol and supervision of the Mayor of Manila was the Metropolitan Constabulary, by virtue of Execu­ tive Order No. 98 which was is­ sued by President Jose P. Laurel early last week. The President is­ sued the order in view of the pro­ clamation of martial law and the appointment of the Mayor as Mil­ itary Governor. Under Executive Order No. 98, the officers and men of the present Metropolitan Constabulary and such number of the former Secret Service Division of the Manila Police taken over by the Bureau of Investigation upon its organization as may be determined by agree­ ment between the Military Gover­ nor for Manila and the director of the Bureau of Investigation with the approval of the Minister of Home Affairs are placed under the Military Governor without neces­ sity of new appointments. (Continued on page 2) ' Executive Order No. 99 Permits Increase Of Monthly Rentals A revision of the amount of house rentals in Manila was authorized the other day by Pres­ ident Jose P. Laurel when he pro­ mulgated Executive Order No. 99 amending various sections of an executive order issued by the Chairman of the former Executive Commission regulating house ren­ tals in the city. The new executive order permits owners of houses or buildings for commercial and/or industrial pur­ poses to collect a monthly rental not to exceed 200 per cent of the highest monthly rental charged for the three months immediately pre­ ceding December 8, 1941. It also authorizes owners of houses or buildings for residential purposes to collect a monthly ren­ tal which shall not exceed 100 per cent of the highest monthly rental charged for the three months im­ mediately preceding December 8, 1941, unless the tenant is an indi­ gent or needy person or head of an indigent or needy family, in which case, the monthly rental shall not exceed 75 per cent of the highest monthly rental charged for the three months immediately preced­ ing December 8, 1941. In the case of houses or build­ ings. the se-'ev-.l parts r which are used for commercial, in­ dustrial and/or residential pur(Continued on page 2) Real Estate Tax Doubled Increased by 100 per cent was the real estate tax of the city of Manila last week, when President Jose P. Laurel promulgated Ordi­ nance No. 42. The increase was made in order to provide the city with more funds for public relief and for other purposes required by the existing emergency. Date of effectivity of the new ordinance is October 1, 1944, the additional tax to be computed and collected on the basis of three months from October 1 to Decem­ ber 31, 1944. The additional tax is not subject to any penalty if paid on or before October 31, 1944. For next year the new tax shall accrue on the first of January and shall be collected at the same time (Continued on page 2) Republic’s Heart Responds To Wails Of Poor And Needy It is raining heavily outside. The winds are howling to the hea­ vens, bellowing amidst the anxiety of a long line of lean, emaciated men, women, and children in tat­ tered rags and equally tattered shoes. The hour is nearly 11 o’clock, and soon the steaming ket­ tles of rice “lugao” or a mixture of rice and camote, or corn and camote, plus a few pans of dried fish or bagoong, will be lined up on the long table. The welfare workers, tidy despite the costliness of white linen, smiling even in the face of disaster, are making everything ready for the daily rationing. For it is about distribution time at one of the more than 100 com­ munity kitchens operated by the Bureau of Public Welfare, the Phil­ ippine Red Cross, and the City of Manila, all under the supervisory control of the Central Community Kitchens Committee headed by Vice-Minister Ramon Macasaet of the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Public Welfare. And the indigents, who are the beneficiaries of these kitchens, are all there, lined up with their plates or cups, “bao” or coconut shell. As his number is called, each in­ digent produces his plate, cup, or coconut shell and gets his share of the bounty that comes straight from the heart of a government that means well, and is determined to mean well by the people, spe­ cially by the most unfortunate members of the community. To be at one of these community (Continued on page 3) Page 2 THE REPUBLIC: MONDAY, NOVEMBER t 1944 uJfrr Kppublir Published weekly by Tub Republic Publishing Co. Manner and Editor: Modbbto M. Farolan Editorial MANILA’S FOOD SITUATION There has not been much vision, no initiative, and no energy in the handling of the food situation in Manila so far. This is not saying too much. Perhaps the government has not had the time to do any ample planning, having been hard pressed for quick remedies at every turn. But that does not justify the failure of those concerned to visualize several months ago today’s situation of the city then rapidly developing and taking shape as a major crisis and to work out a long-range plan that might now at least partially ameliorate our very acute food diffi­ culties. Undoubtedly, it is not as easy to say as to do things specially in critical circumstances such as are prevailing at present in this country. Yet we feel we should not remain silent over a condition of affairs that readily betrays either failure or inability to take the necessary vigorous measures to protect the public or at least alleviate their sufferings. The solution of Manila’s foodstuff problem is, and has always been, a primary duty of the City Government. Whether the National Govern­ ment has intervened in its solution or not, that did not relieve the city of its immediate and unavoidable obligation to its inhabitants. On the contrary, even with the National Government intervening in the matter, did the city ever put forward any definite plan of relief, worked out on the strength of its supposed special qualification to do so by reason of its supposed better knowledge of the needs of the people? Not quite long ago, we used to be encouraged with rosy and very optimistic reports from very responsible officials to the effect that there was more than enough rice available to Manila for the rest of the year. We remember statements to this effect by the then Food Administrator and by the Food Production Campaign Manager. Now it turns out that there is no such rice or rather, there is just enough for the direct and moral obligations of the government and most of it not yet here. May it not be asked “What has been done in the past to bring to Manila the ‘more than enough’ stocks in the provinces?” It could not be said then, as it is being said now, probably with much truth, that there were no transportation facilities and no fuel. The inevitable conclusion is very simple. Either we were being hoodwinked in the past with plain criminal untruths or we had offi­ cials who did not know what they were doing and talking about. Whatever happened, it could not have been very soon after that the truth came out and still there was little if any vision at all and no initiative and no energy shown to provide against a crisis such as we have now. And where they have been lacking, insofar as the people of Manila are concerned, is in the government of their city. To mention what Baguio is doing for its population is probably not a fair comparison. But it is indeed creditable and admirable what Baguio has accomplished for its inhabitants, after the NARIC and BIBA had ceased to provide rice for them. Baguio City went into the rice and transportation business, employing for the purpose all its surplus and, later on, borrowed funds, enlisting the assistance of its big-hearted residents and commandeering transportation facilities. Thus, while Baguio people continue receiving rice rations regularly today. Manilans face the dread of starvation although there is much black-market rice at prohibitive prices for the few who can afford its cost. We are told that December and the new rice will bring relief. But can the starving hold off their hunger, can they be told to wait until December and for the new harvest when right now they are dying for lack of the barest nourishment? Manila's Food... (Continued from. page 1) Navy and, of course, I ' told the Navy and the owners that when the trucks come back from the prov­ inces they should bring foodstuffs and help increase the supply in the City.” “How about City sanitation—all the streets are littered with piling garbage?” “Yes, but we cannot help it. I have told the people to dispose of their own garbage, but they won’t. We cannot get laborers at all, nor alcohol for trucks nor vehicles—not even push carts.” “How about the forced labor sys­ tem to secure labor?” “I have wanted that all along, but that is limited to food produc­ tion.” . “Is money a problem of the City?’ “No. We have plenty of money and, even if we did not have, we could borrow as much as we need.” “Apparently, the City must wait for December to come, for not till then can we hope for any improve­ ment in the food situation!” “Well, we are doing our best but I guess we will just have to wait until we get the new rice.” The foregoing is based on an in­ terview had with the Military Governor of Manila by the Editor of “The Republic.” The following questions and answers were exchanged: “Is there anything being done to relieve the food supply situation in the City?” “There is none, pending action by the Joint Government and Army Committee on the subject.” “What do you expect out of that Committee?” “Complete solution of the food problem, particularly rice. When the new harvest is ready, the City will be assured of an adequate supply of rice. With rice avail­ able, the rest will take care of themselves—the prices of all other foodstuffs will automatically come down. Besides, what can we do? We don’t handle the rice and other foodstuff control agencies. The Na­ tional Government has them. This branch takes care of one, that branch has another and it’s only now that ‘they’ take cognizance of the City as you see with the Metro­ politan Police being returned to the Mayor, after much sad experience. Take again the MCCA. Why should they be separate and independent from the DANAS when they grew directly out of the latter? The City has always insisted on the DANA system because they are direct agencies of the people, the people compose them, yet we have the MCCA’s. But when rice is available, I shall see that the DA­ NAS handle its distribution.” “Is there anything being done to supply the City with other food­ stuffs just now?” “There is none, because nothing can be done until rice can be sup­ plied and used as a lever to bring down the prices of other commodi­ ties.” “What was this plan regarding the use of trucks which was the subject of a conference with truck owners recently?" “Those trucks were needed by the City Police... (Continued from page 1) Executive Order No. 98 reads as follows: “In view of the proclamation of martial law and the appointment of the Mayor of the City of Manila as Military Governor therein, and the public interest so requiring, I, JOSE P. LAUREL, President of the Republic of the Philippines, by virtue of the authority conferred upon me by Act No. 10, do hereby order: “Section 1. The officers and men of the present Metropolitan Con­ stabulary and such number of the former Secret Service Division of the Manila Police taken over by the Bureau of Investigation upon Enrlish Section Tagalog Section Editor: Faustino Aguilar its organization as may be deter­ mined by agreement between the Military Governor for the Eighth District and the Director of the Bureau of Investigation with the approval of the Minister of Home Affairs are, without the necessity of new appointments, hereby placed under the immediate con­ trol and supervision of the Military Governor of the Eighth District. This organization shall be known as the Metropolitan Constabulary. “Sec. 2. With the exception of the commissioned officers, who shall be appointed in accordance with existing laws by the President of the Republic of the Philippines upon the recommendation of the Military Governor, all new appoint­ ments in the Metropolitan Consta­ bulary shall be issued by the Mil­ itary Governor with the approval of the Minister of Home Affairs as Chief Delegate of the President and Inspector-General of Martial Law. “Sec. 3. The appropriations cor­ responding to the position trans­ ferred from the Bureau of Investi­ gation to the Metropolitan Constab­ ulary pursuant to the provision of section 1 hereof are hereby return­ ed to the City of Manila and made available for the same purpose. “Sec. 4. All laws or executive orders or parts thereof contrary to or inconsistent herewith are hereby repealed. “Sec. 5. This Order shall take effect upon its promulgation.” New Location Of Some Offices The following offices of the Min­ istry of Agriculture and Natural Resources are housed in the Science Building, Daitoa Avenue, corner Herran street: The Offices of the Minister and Vice-Minister, tele­ phone No. 5-73-21; Bureau of Animal Industry, telephone No. 2-06-05, together with the Philip­ pine Livestock Association; and the Institute of Science and Tech­ nology, telephone No. 5-68-37. The Bureau of Lands is now lo­ cated at 244 Juan Luna with the Bureau of Forestry, telephone No. 4-99-57 and Bureau of Fisheries, telephone No. 4-70-38, together with the respective federations un­ der each. The Bureau of Plant Industry, telephone No. 5-67-09, which now, houses the National Rice Growers’ Cooperative Association, the Fede­ ration of Coconut Growers’ Coope­ rative Association, and tempora­ rily, the Bureau of Agricultural Development and the National Food Production Campaign Office with telephone No. 5-67-72, re­ mains at its previous location at 692 San Andres, Malate, Bagumbayan. Appointments... (Continued from page 1) Chairman of the former Philippine Executive Commission dated March 12, 1942, whether such appoint­ ments be regular or special ori­ ginal appointments, or ordinary promotions, or special case promo­ tions, shall be made by the Head of the Ministry concerned. “2. In the case of original ap­ pointments or promotions made by the Head of Ministry, the same shall be coursed through the Com­ missioner of Civil Service. When made by the Commissioners, the same shall, likewise, be coursed through the Commissioner of Civil Service in the case of appointments of employees in the Cities of Ma­ nila and Cavite and in the prov­ inces of Bulacan, Cavite, Rizal, and Palawan, or through the Chair­ man of the local civil service exa­ mining committee or duly author­ ized representative of the Commis­ sioner of Civil Service in the case of appointments in other Adminis­ trative Districts. “3. During the present state of emergency, the Commissioners of Administrative Districts are here­ by authorized to act for the Minis­ ters of State in all cases of ap­ pointments or promotions in their respective administrative districts, provided that all such appoint­ ments made shall be deemed tem­ porary until final approval as herein stated, in which event the effect of such approval shall retroact to the date of original ap­ pointment or promotion. “4. On the first day of each month or as soon as conditions permit, a detailed report of all appointments and promotions, to­ gether with Civil Service Forms Matsuoka Passes Away In Japan; President Extends Condolences President Jose P. Laurel ex­ pressed himself deeply grieved over the death of Masao Matsuoka, former head of the Manila Sinbunsya, now the Philippine Publica­ tions, who passed away in Japan last week. In a letter to Junji Yamada, president of the Philippine Publi­ cations, President Laurel extended his condolences stating that the Japanese people have lost a very valuable man and the Filipino peo­ ple a helpful friend. The President’s message follows: “I am deeply grieved to learn of the death of Mr. MaSao Mat­ suoka, former President of the Ma­ nila Sinbun-sya, and I am extend­ ing to your organization as well as to the Mainichi Shimbun-sha and the family of the deceased my most heartfelt condolences. “Mr. Matsuoka devoted almost a half of his valuable life to the servNo. 2 duly accomplished by each appointee, shall be submitted to the Commissioner of Civil Service by his representative in each Ad­ ministrative District, for conside­ ration as to whether they are in accordance with the Civil Service and Salary Standardization laws and rules promulgated thereunder. “5. From the report submitted, all appointments and promotions shall be submitted by the Commis­ sioner of Civil Service to the Heads of the Ministries concerned, with his comments thereon, for appro­ priate action and the District Com­ missioners shall be advised of the final decision thereon. Exceptional appointments and special promo­ tions as defined in Administrative Order No. 22, dated March 6, 1943, as amended, together with the res­ pective Civil Service Forms No. 2, shall be coursed through the Chair­ man of the Board on Uniform Sa­ lary System. “6. The provisions of this Order shall apply to all appointments pending approval or attestation on the date of this order. “Done in the City of Manila, this 28th day of October in the year of Our Lord, nineteen hundred and forty-four, and of the Republic of the Philippines, the second.” Revision of... (Continued from page 1) poses, the monthly rental for each part or floor shall be determined in accordance with the two preced­ ing rules, as the case may be. However, if the house or building was not rented during any of the three months preceding December 8, 1944, then the rental shall be determined by considering the cus­ tomary rental charged during these months for houses or buildings of similar nature or situated in the same conditions or circumstances. The executive order defines the terms “indigent or needy person” and “indigent or needy family” as not to include any person who, not being the head of a family, has an average monthly income exceeding Fl00 for the last three months im­ mediately preceding the date when the executive order took effect, or any family whose head or any member thereof has an average monthly income exceeding F200, or where the combined average monthly incomes of such head and members of his family for this pe­ riod exceeds P200. Executive Order No. 99 also re­ quires that, within 30 days after the effectivity of the Order, or on or before November 30 this year, owners of houses for rent shall submit anew a report of their house rentals to the Military Gov­ ernor of Manila upon payment of the fee of P5. Failure to submit the report shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than 6 months or by a fine of not more than F200, or both, in the discretion of the court. Thereafter, owners of homes shall submit a report within the first 20 days of each calendar year and for filing such annual reports, the owners shall pay a fee of P5. The executive order further provides for the payment of fees in the following cases: For application of an owner to increase the rentals of his house ice of your publications with the noble object of establishing better understanding and cooperation be­ tween Japan and the Philippines. His pleasing personality, his lofty ideals and his training have great­ ly contributed to the furtherance of this worthy cause. “With the demise of Mr. Mat­ suoka, the Japanese people have lost a very valuable man and the Filipino people a helpful friend.” Mr. Matsuoka died of illness in Tokyo on October 28, at the age of 64. He became president of the Philippine Publications on October 12, 1942, after having been assign­ ed to the Philippines by the Maini­ chi Shimbun-sha. He served as head of the firm until December 15, 1943, when he returned to Japan to recuperate from illness. The deceased counted among his friends President Jose P. Laurel, members of the Philippine Cabinet, General Emilio Aguinaldo, General Artemio Ricarte, Don Pedro Aunario and other prominent leaders of the Philippines. Active in cultural and social work, the late Mr. Matsuoka en­ couraged and assisted in the deve­ lopment of cultural enterprises along lines of Asian spirit. He was instrumental in the holding of musical, cultural, literary and Nippongo contests while in the Phil­ ippines. At the time of his death he was adviser to the Mainichi Shimbun-sha. Real Estate... (Continued from page 1) and in the same manner and be subect to the same penalties for delinquency as the regular tax. The text of Ordinance No. 42 reads as follows: “There being an urgent need for increasing the revenues of the City of Manila to enable it to meet the rising cost of existing public serv­ ices and provide for those that may be required by the present emer­ gency, as well as for readjusting the tax rates on real property lo­ cated within the jurisdiction of the City with the present taxable value of the same, I, JOSE P. LAUREL, President of the Republic of the Philippines, pursuant to the au­ thority conferred upon me by Ar­ ticle III, Section 14, of the Consti­ tution, do hereby promulgate this Ordinance: “Section 1. The annual real es­ tate tax prescribed by law respect­ ively for the City of Manila and the former municipalities incor­ porated therewith under Executive Order No. 76 of the Chairman of the former Executive Commission is hereby increased by one hundred per centum. The additional tax herein authorized shall accrue on the first of January of each year and shall be collected at the same time and in the same manner and be subject to the same penalties for delinquency as the regular tax; Provided, however, That for the year 1944, the said additional tax is levied effective October 1, 1944, and shall be computed and collect­ ed on the basis of three months from October 1 to December 31, 1944, and shall not be subject to any penalty if paid on or before October 31, 1944; otherwise, the same shall be subject to all the prescribed penalties for delinquen­ cy as the regular real estate tax for the year 1944. “Sec. 2. The proceeds of the ad­ ditional tax herein provided for shall, subject to the approval of the President of the Republic of the Philippines, be used for public relief and for such other public purposes as may be required by the existing emergency. “Sec. 3. All laws, executive or­ ders, or ordinances, or parts there­ of, inconsistent with this Ordinance are hereby repealed or modified accordingly.” or houses, a filing fee of F19; For petition of each tenant to decrease his house rental, a fee of M. The Committee for the Control of House Rentals is required un­ der the executive order to meet twice a week and each member shall be entitled to a per diem of P30 every session actually at­ tended, besides a monthly travel­ ing allowance of F75. THE REPUBLIC: MONDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 1944 Republic's Heart. (Continued from page 1) kitchens (at the time of writing, these kitchens were temporarily not operating for lack of food supplies from the Biba, where it could get commodities at controlled prices) is to see the face of a nation in dis­ tress, a nation clinging faithfully to dear life in the wake of a global war with its inevitable concommittants of hunger, desolation, death. To see these wards of the Republic is to visualize, with one sweep of the imagination, what a thoughtful and grateful government is doing for its less favored members. The Republic started these com­ munity kitchens in June when it became evident that the Biba could no longer supply the daily rations of 120 grams per day for each res­ ident for the simple reason that the cereal was most difficult to obtain from the rice regions because no inconsiderable part of the stock had criminally been canalized into the hands of profiteers and other hu­ man vultures who thrive on the misery, confusion, and abnormalc; of the times. Regardless of race or creed, any­ body who is in acute distress, un­ employed, or unable to buy rice at the black market, which is undoubt­ edly dominated by avaricious op­ portunists, was given a ladleful of boiled rice, lugao, or corn as the case may be. Started in June, the community kitchens began with an operating fund 1*1,700,000. The Central Community Kitchens Committee endeavored to get the best avail­ able under the circumstances, and achieved almost a miracle by giv­ ing what amounts to a fairly good Message Sent On Meizi-setu On the occasion of Meizi-setu on November 3, President Jose P. Laurel, in a special message, wish­ ed the Japanese people continued prosperity and success under the wise and benevolent guidance of their revered Emperor and their great leaders who draw their inspi­ ration from the great Emperor Meizi who placed Japan among the first powers of the world. The Japanese people, stated the President, gather new courage for the strenuous tasks ahead from the hallowed memory of the great Em­ peror Meizi. The President’s message follows: “On the occasion of the birthday anniversary of His Majesty, the late Emperor Meizi, I wish to ex­ tend to the Japanese people my sincere wishes for their continued prosperity and success under the wise and benevolent guidance of their revered Emperor and their great national leaders, who draw their inspiration from that great ruler who placed Japan among the first powers of the world. Japan owes much of what she is today to the vision and energy of Emperor Meizi, and the Japanese people cannot but gather new courage and devotion for the strenuous tasks ahead from the hallowed memory of this great leader and ruler of their race.” Laurel Affords... (Continued from, page 1) our people. We know that we are not going to live very long, espe­ cially during these crucial days. When we die we shall leave behind us men of the younger generation who have understood our purposes and the objectives of the Govern­ ment and our people; and when we shall have gone and perhaps been forgotten, they shall carry over the work we had left behind. This is precisely the reason I have taken the liberty of making this very fortunate choice. He is one of our most brilliant young men and I speak for the Minister of Foreign Affairs in wishing him success. With his vigor, energy, patriotism and loyalty to his supe­ riors and to the Government, I have no doubt that, as we expand our international relations, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, now under the leadership of one of our greatest countrymen, and with his technical cooperation as ViceMinister, the appointment is fpr the best interest of our country. I wish to extend my congratula­ tions and reiterate my felicitations to the Minister of Foreign Affairs for this appointment.” meal during these times, at a cost of less than forty centavos. At the start, these rations could not be bought at less than ten times their cost in the black market. According to Director Honorio Poblador of the Bureau of Public Welfare, who is also executive of­ ficer of the community kitchens, the enterprise has already incurred an indebtedness of P3,145,081, so that there is a deficit of nearly Pl,500,000. But look at these figures: in June, 1,526,528 meals were served at an average per capita cost of P.38; in July, 2,062,708 meals at P.25 each; in August, 2,106,628 means at P.33; and in September, 2,643,836 meals at P.34 each. The figures are not yet complete for October, but Director Poblador ex­ pects an appreciable increase, what with rice soaring to around P250 per ganta in the wartime criminal world of the black market. Week ago, when interviewed by a representative of The Republic at ration hour, one of these recipients of the government’s bounty tear­ fully cried. He is an old man of about sixty, his “langochi” trousers past mending, and his undershirt about to fall off from his shrunken frame, and he was too weak even to talk. After he had received his ladleful of “lugao,” and a few pieces of roasted “dilis,” he was able to talk between tears. “We thank President Laurel!” he said. “May God bless him! If not for these meals, I and thous­ ands like me would now be corpses. If only the people who control the black market would see us, as you are seeing us now, they may per­ haps have a change of heart and they might become lees greedy and more human. I tell you, if not for these community kitchens, these black market people would long ago have become the object of violent public indignation.” As he moved on, a girl of about eleven years old took his place in the ranks, followed by three others, her mother and two other emaciat­ ed creatures. They told a similar story. And their story is typical. They could well provide themselves with rice, when its price was not yet beyond the P20-a-ganta mark; but when, around April, rice prices began zooming to heights beyond the wild­ est imaginings even of the most rabid pessimist, they gave up. And if it were not for the com­ munity kitchens, they would now be resting in some nameless graves . . . 30,000 Magaanak Ang Tinulungan Ng Pamahalaan Mahigit na 30,000 magaanak sa Maynila ang tumanggap ng mga alaala sa pamahalaang pangbansa dahil sa pagdiriwang sa unang kaarawan ng pagsasarili ng Pili­ pinas. Ang ipinagkaloob ay mga damit, tuyong isda, niyog at iba pang pagkain. Karamihan sa mga nakinabang sa mga handog na ito ay ang mga magaanak na dukha at talagang nangangailangan. Sa pangalan ng Pangulo at Gng. Laurel ay 37,341 yarda ng telang dadamitin ang binahagi ng mga samahan sa kawanggawa sa kanikanilang tangkilik. Sa isang dako, ang pamahalaan ay tumanggap din naman ng mga gamot at lunas na umaabot sa halagang 1*296,000 at kaloob ng mga nakagigiliw sa Republika. Nahirang Na Bise-Ministro Si Evangelista Sumumpa si Teodoro Evange­ lista sa kanyang bagong tungkuling bise-ministro ng mga suliraning panglabas sa harap ng Pangulong Laurel sa Malakanyang noong Martes. Si G. Evangelista ay dating patnugot ng mga suliraning panglabas. Itinaas Nang Ibayo Ang Buwis Sa Ariarian Ipinasiya ng Pangulong Laurel sa bisa ng Kautusan Big. 42 na dagdagan nang 100 sa isangdaan ang buwis sa amilyaramiento sapul sa unang araw ng Oktubre ng 1944. Kinakailangan ng pa­ mahalaan ang dagdag na likumin para sa kanyang mga lumalaking gugulin, lalo na ang panulong sa mga naghihikahos. Insurance Firm Is Organized Fired by a desire to help encour­ age and develop the habit of thrift and finanial independence among the people, and thereby contribute to the economic well-being of the nation, several Filipino business­ men have formed a new life insur­ ance company, with a capital stpek of P5,000,000. The company will be known as The Associated Life Insurance Company. The men behind the new com­ pany are Judge Manuel Camus, president of El Hogar Filipino; Mr. Francisco SyCip, president of the Associated Finance Company; Dr. Luis R. Salvosa, formerly man­ ager of the Government Service In­ surance System; Director Eulogio B. Rodriguez, of the National Li­ brary; and Attorney Lorenzo Tanada, former Assistant City Fiscal of Manila. The officers of the company are Judge Manuel Camus, president; Mr. Francisco SyCip, vice-presid­ ent; Dr. Luis R. Salvosa, general manager and actuary; and Atty. Simeon M. Gopengco, secretary­ treasurer. The Associated Life Insurance Company will write all forms of life insurance and annuities, in­ cluding war risks. Appointed gen­ eral agents of the new firm are C. S. Gonzales and Company. The home office and agency of the company are located at the Me­ tropolitan Theater Building, Plaza Burgos. Formal opening for busi­ ness will take place shortly. Inihayag Ni Laurel... (Karugtong ng nasa pahina 4) Ang pagbabalak sa kabuhayan na tuwirang pinangangasiwaan ng Pamahalaan ay siyang nangingibabaw na simulain ng daigdig sa ngayon. Ang makabagong pamumuhay ay naging lubhang masalimuot; ang pakikipaghamok at pakikipagsalimbayan ng mga adhikaing panlipunan sa mga pamamaraang niluma-ng-panahon, ang ka­ ramihan ng mga bagong imbensiyon na nagpapawalang-saysay sa mga matatandang kaalaman hinggil sa agwat, panahon, bilis at sa pagsisikap ng tao ay siyang nakapagpabago sa anyo ng nararapat maging kasiyasiyang pamumuhay ng mga pangkat, kung kaya kapag mga tao lamang, sa pagtataguyod ng kani-kanilang iilang mga kapakanan, ay di na maaaring pagkatiwalaan ng di-natatakdaang kalayaan sa paggawa ukol sa ka­ buhayan, nang hindi nila lilikhain, sinasadya o hindi, ang isang ditimbang na kalagayan sa buhay ng lipunan. Kinakailangang ang Pamahalaan ay siyang magbalak at mangasiwa sa lahat ng malalaking gawaing pangkabuhayan upang matiyak sa bawat mamamayan ang di-mababawasang • sapat na kapanatagan at kaginhawahan, at ng kakayahang makapagtaguyod sa isang maunlad na pamu­ muhay. Hindi kukulangin dito ang nilulunggating gawin ng Pamaha­ laan ng Republika. Bukod sa iba pang mga tungkulin, ang Lupong Tagapagbalak sa Kabuhayan ay gumagawa ng “isang pagsasaliksik at pag-aaral sa mga kayamanang pangkabuha­ yan ng bayan at hinggil sa iba pang mga hakbanging kinakaila­ ngang isagawa ukol sa wastong pagpapaunlad, pagsasamantala at pagsasangkap sa mga nabanggit na yaman tungod sa wastong pagpapanibagong-tatag ng pambansang kabuhayan upang matiyak ang kasapatan ng bansa sa sariling pangangailangan at tuloy makapagdulot sa pamahalaan ng salaping kailangan sa kanyang ikabubuhay.” Ang Kagawaran ng Pagsasaka at Pangangalakal at ang Kagawaran ng mga Suliraning Pangkabuhayan ay siyang nagpapabisa sa mga panukalang binanghay ng Lupon at pinagtibay ng Pangulo, sa payo ng Gabinete at pagkatapos maisangguni sa Sangguniang-Bansa. Bagama’t walang bungang karaka-raka ang maaasahan kundi ang marahil ay higit na pagdami ng mga pagkaing pangkagipitan sa sa mga ilang buwang darating, sa takdang panahon ang Lupon ay dapat makapaglahad ng mga panu­ kalang pagsasaligan ng mga pagbabago sa ating pambansang ka­ buhayan. Ang mga pangunang layunin natin tungo rito ay tiyak at maliwanag. Una sa lahat, ang ating pagsasaka, kasama ang ating mga industriya ng paghahayupan, manukan at “dairy” o mga produkto ng gatas, ay kailangang pagyamanin upang sila’y magbunga ng lahat nating pangangailangan sa pangunang pagkain, asukal, kape, dalandan at iba pang mga bungang-kahoy, karne at mga produkto nito, itlog, gatas, mantekilya at keso. Itatatag ding panibago ang ating industriya ng pangisdaan upang makatiyak ng saganang dami ng sariwa at tuyong is­ da sa buong taon. ■ Sapagka’t ki­ nakailangang magpatuloy tayo sa pagpapabunga ng mga pananim na pinagkukunan ng salapi na gaya ng tubo, niyog, tabako at abaka na ipadadala sa ibang bansa upang makabili ng mga makinang ukol sa maliliit na industriya na kai­ langan nating itayo, ay maglalaan tayo ng mga kinakailangang lupain para sa mga ito; nguni’t kailanma’y hindi na natin pahihintulutan ang kanilang paglikha sa ikapipinsala ng puhunan, lupa at ng mga mamamayang kailangan sa paglikha ng mga di-maiiwasang pagkain. Sa wakas, ang magiging kanais-nais na pangyayari ukol dito ay ang mabanayad na paglawak ng mga lupaing binubungkal sa taun-taon upang samantalang tinatamo natin ang patuloy na pagsagana ng mga pangunang pag­ kain ay dapat ding dagdagan na­ tin ang kabuuan ng mga inaaning pananim na pinagkukunan ng sa­ lapi. (Itutuloy sa susuned na bilang) “Tatlong Maria” Sets New High In Local Film Standards By Vicente L. del Fierro There was a time when local films were pale imitations of Holly­ wood opuses, when local actors trimmed their hair a lo Robert Taylor, and our actresses in the fashion of western female screen divinities. That was a long time ago, if we are to estimate the progress made by Philippine talk­ ies since pre-war days, with “Tat­ long Maria,” as the yardstick. And we daresay that no follow­ er of local film productions, much less the writer of this review who has been identified with the pro­ gress of Philippine talkies since more than ten years ago when local talking pictures first made their appearance, will fail to notice the vast improvements. “Tatlong Maria” is a turning point in many respects. It is not only the most notable picture of these troublous times; it amounts to a pictorial testament of this tragic as well as epochal era, and it breathes of the spirit and hopes of the Philippines of these daring and perilous hours, catching the never-dying truism of every-day life as it is lived. The story element in “Tatlong Maria,” is rather weak, rather it is almost hackneyed. In a more direct way, it is something to be expected. Any three sisters in any family anywhere can be expected to turn out as the three Marias in “Tatlong Maria.” And it is not hard to guess that they would get the type of husbands that their nature deserved. Taking the three sisters, then, as typical, as characteristic of such fictional figures, and the story as rather commonplace, why is “Tat­ long Maria” such a magnificent picture? The answer is quite plain: it’s the magnificent acting of the three female leads: Carmen Rosales, Norma Blancaflor, and Liwayway Arceo, the latter out­ shining the two veterans. As a neophyte, Liwayway Arceo is a me­ teoric success, and if we are to judge by the reception she is get­ ting from the crowds in this pic­ ture, she is bound to have an assured career in the Philippine movies of the coming years. The acting of Fernando Poe and Precioso Palma, among the male actors, is flawless and true to life. To this reviewer, it is these two who deserve high commendation, for together with Mameng Rosales, Norma Blancaflor, and Liwayway Arceo, they bring to “Tatlong Ma­ ria” the high note of histrionic perfection that is something un­ known hitherto in Philippine mo­ vies. Dr. Gerardo de Leon deserves no small amount of praise for there is in “Tatlong Maria,” an imprint truly Philippine, uninfluenced by foreign affectations, for which this director is justly noted. To see “Tatlong Maria” is to feel that if facilities were avail­ able, Philippine movies might yet outdistance the already big strides made by the theater arts since three years ago. Medicines, Drugs Given Donations in drugs and medi­ cines, valued at 1*296,600, have been received by the Republic of the Philippines on the occasion of the celebration of its first anniversary, Minister of Economic Affairs, Pe­ dro Sabido, Chairman of the Sub­ committee on Rations, announced last week. According to the Minister, in order to benefit as many people as possible, these drugs and medicines are not being given directly to sick persons but instead are being distributed to hospitals and clinics for the use of those who deserve free medical service, upon the pre­ scription of competent physicians. The agencies to whom these drugs and medicines had been turned over for proper use and distribution are the Office of the City Health Officer, the Bureau of Health, and the Philippine Red Oasis Sa Gitna... (Karugtong ng nasa pahina 4) pang tumatanggap ng rasiong bigas hangga ngayon, at naging kapakipakinabang din naman sa kaban ng siudad at sa bangko ng nagpautang. Tuwi nang kukulangin ang sariling salapi ng siudad ay nagpapaluwal ang magaanak na Lopez (Eu­ genio) at Moreno (Gng. Lopez), na nagbili ng ilang libong sako ng palay sa pamahalaan ng lungsod sa P10 isang sako. Ang siudad ay siya nang kumukuha ng palay sa Kuyapo, Nueva Esiha. Iba pang litaw na magaanak ang nagsitulong din sa ganitong kapuri-puring paraan. Nang magbanta ang panghuhuthot, nagtatag agad ang pamahalaan ng isang sadyang tanggapan sa pamimili at pagbibili ng mga pangunang Sinisiyasat... (Karugtong ng nasa pahina 4) pinsalaan ng mga kasapi at sa pagsasamantala sa mga dukha. Natalos na ang Ministerio ng karaingan laban sa pangasiwaan ng ibaibang Samahan sa Pagtutulungan. Isa sa mga hinakdal ay ang kamahalan ng halaga ng mga paninda na umano’y mataas pa kaysa “black market” kaya hindi makabili ang mga kasaping mahihirap. Ibig malaman ng marami kung ang panghuhuthot na pinaguusig ng pamahalaan sa mga mangangalakal at tindahang partikular ay ipinahihintulot sa mga tindahan ng MCCA. Ang Ministro ng Kabuhayan ay nagpasugo agad ng kanyang mga ahente upang siyasatin ang mga sumbong. Napagalaman na ang Malakanyang ay tumatanggap din ng mga daing hinggil sa bagay na ito. Ang sino mang manadyer at iba pang patnugot ng MCCA na marapatan ng pagkakasala o katiwalian ay paguusigin sa tanging hukuman na nilikha ng Pangulo ng Republika, alinsunod sa mga tagasiyasat. kailangan. Sinamsam niya ang lahat ng trak na humihimpil sa Bagyo at pagkaraang magamit sa makailang paghahatid ng pagkain, ayon sa kasunduan, ay saka isinauli sa mga tunay na may-ari. Ang Hukbong Imperial Hapones ay may malaking naitulong upang ang Bagyo ay maging huwarang siu­ dad, gayon din si Mahistrado Dionisio de Leon na siyang gobernador militar ng Purok Big. 2. ANG REPUBLIKA LUNES, NOBIEMBRE 6. 1944 WIKANG PANGBANSA Makaluluwag Sa Krisis Sabi Ni Lautei Ang Bagong Am Ng Bigas Matibay at hindi mababawasan ang tiwala ng bayan sa katatagan ng Republika, alinsunod sa pahayag ng Pangulong Jose P. Laurel nang hingan siya ng kuro hinggil sa mga nangyayaring labanan sa ilang dako ng Pilipinas. Malaki nag pagdaramdam ng Pangulo na ang Pilipinas ay ma­ ging larangang muli ng digmaan, nguni’t nananalig siyang hindi tayo pababayaan ng Dios at ng lakas na sandatahan ng Hapon. Ang tagumpay sa Leyte ng hukbong hapones at lalo na sa dagat sa gawing silangan ng Kapuluan ay nagbibigay ng ibayong pagasa sa bayang pilipino na ang kanilang kalayaan ay hindi mapapanganyaya, ayon sa pahayag ng Pangulo. Yayamang ang mga pilipino ay hindi siyang tuwirang nakikidigma se larangan, ipinagunita ng Pangulo na tungkulin nilang dag­ dagan ang kanilang pagsisikap sa mga kinauukulang gawain at idulot ang lahat ng tulong na ka­ ilangan ng Hapon nang alinsu­ nod sa kasunduan ng dalawang bansa. Ang pagkakaisa ng mga magkakalahi at ang lubos na tiwala sa kanilang Republika ay siyang magiging gabay ng kaligtasan ng bansa, inulit ng Pangulo. Tiniyak niyang ang ano mang pagkakahati sa panahong ito ay tanda ng kahinaan na walang salang magbubunga ng kasawiang pangbansa. “Ang digmaan ay hindi panghabang panahon,” sinabi ng Pang­ ulong Laurel. “Ako ay naniniwala na hindi pahihintulutan ng Dios na mapuksa ang mga pili­ pino.” PAGPAPADILIM NA LUBUSAN SAPUL SA IKA-11 GABI-GABI — “Genuwine” — Mga Lobong Dayukdok Nakalulungkot na kinailangan pang liwanagin at ipaalaala ni Ministro Sabido na ang NADISCO at mga MCCA o Samahan sa Pagtutulungan ay itinatag ukol sa paglilingkod sa bayan at hindi upang magkamal ng tubo, na gaya ng isang karaniwang negocio. Nguni’t sa harap ng mga nangyayari, ang katotohanang ito ay dapat ipaalaala at liwanagin sa tuwi-tuwi na. Sa pasimula pa ay nakita ng mga manadyer na rin na ang halaga ng ilang uri ng paninda ng NADISCO ay higit na mahal kaysa nabibili sa pamilihang bukas, at napatunayan naman ng mga kasapi na ang maraming paninda ng mga MCCA ay lalong mahal kaysa nasa pamilihang-itim. Hindi lamang ito. Ang pagsasamantala ng mga pinuno, ang pagtatangi-tangi, ang pagtanggap ng pabagsak at iba pang katiwalian, na halos isa nang tradisyon sa nakararaming tangga­ pan ng ating pamahalaan, noon at ngayon, ay sinasabing lalo pang totoo sa mga tindahang-bayang ito, sa panahong ang mga pangunang kailangan sa buliay ay makapupung matimbang kaysa salaping papel. Sa ganyang takbo ng pangyayari ay maliwanag na bigo ang lalong mataas at marangal na layuning naging dahil ng pagtatayo ng mga tinurang samahan. Sa ating karanasan sa pagkatalo ng magagandang simulain at mithiin ay mapipilitan tayong kumilala na ang tagumpay at katalunan ng mithii’t simulain ay nasa uri ng mga taong pagkakatiwalaan. Itiwala ang mga MCCA sa kamay ng mga may mikrobyo ng panghu­ huthot sa dugo o ng mga may lagnat ng pagpapayaman sa sarili sa panahon ng digma at ng gutom, ay parang binuksan ang paminggalan ng masasarap na pagkain sa isang kawan ng mga lobong dayukdok. 1,500 Tanod Ang Gaganap Sa Maynila Magsisimula ng pagtupad sa kanilang tungkulin ang 1,500 “homeguard” o tanod na pangpook sa Biernes, ika-10 ng Nobiembre, pagkaraang samasamang makapanumpa sa harap ng Gobernador Militar Leon G. Guinto. Ang Pangulong Laurel ay nagutos ng paglikha ng pangkat ng mga tanod na pangpook, na magkakaroon ng kapangyarihan at sahod ng pulisia, upang makatulong sa mga gawain ng Konstabularia sa pangangalaga sa kapayapaan at kaayusan. Naunang nagsisumpa noong Mierkoles ang mga pinuno ng “homeguard” sa Maynila; Inspektor Heneral Manuel de la Fuente, Katulong na Inspector Heneral Eduardo Cardenas sa Hilaga, at Katulong na Inspektor Heneral Genaro Paz sa timog. Sa seremonias ay kaharap si Ministro Teofilo Sison at ang mga pinunong Konstabularia Metropolitana. Nabatid sa City; Hall na ang mga tanod ay gagamit ng unipormeng kaki na halos katulad ng sa mga pulis, at ang pinakatsapa ay banda sa kaliwang bisig. Sila’y hindi gagamit ng armas kungdi ng buhong tinulisan sa dulo. Ang bawa’t baryo o nayon ay magkakaroon ng sariling himpilan ng mga tanod na bubuuin ng kung ilan ang bilang ng saklaw na samahang pangpook. Gayon man, ang Gobernador Militar ay maaaring magdagdag sa mga pook na maligalig. “Kami’y magiging tunay na lingkod ng bayan at hindi kalaban ni tagausig,” ang pahayag ni Ins­ pektor Heneral de la Fuente. Ang isang “homeguard” ay sasahod nang 1*80 sa isang buwan, bukod sa 50 sa isangdaang bonus at sa tanging bonus sa bawa’t anak na walang sapat na gulang. Ipinatalastas ng Gobernador Mi­ litar Guinto, na ngayong mabalik sa kanya ang dating kapangyari­ han sa ibabaw ng Konstabularia Metropolitana, ay pagiisahin niya ang lakas ng tinurang pangkat, ng dating Pulisia at ng “home­ guard” upang magamit sa pagpapairal ng batas at sa paglipol sa masasamangloob. Dahil sa kalagayan ng Siudad na laging may babala ng pananalakay mula sa himpapawid, ipinagutos ng Gobernador Militar ng Maynila na sapul sa ika-6 ng gabi ay paiiralin ang bahagyang pagpapadilim, nguni’t sapul sa ika11 ng gabi hanggang sa magumaga ling gabi hanggang sa magumaga ay isagawa ang lubusang pagpapa­ dilim o “total blackout.” Ipinatatalastas sa mga mamamayan na ang paglabag sa utos na ito ay mahigpit na paguusigin. Ligtas Sa Loob Ng Kublihan Kung May Raid Halos 99 sa isangdaan ang ka­ ligtasan ng mga nangungubli sa “airraid shelter” sa panahon ng pananalakay sa himpapawid, ipinakikilala ng mga ulat ng Civilian Protection Service at ng Konstabularia Metropolitana. Sa daandaan nang napahamak o inabot ng kapinsalaan habang may “airraid” ay natalos na sila’y naglalakad sa daan o nasa hayag na pook nang mangyari ang saAng mga mamamayang nagpasiyang manatili sa Maynila ay nagtayo ng mga sariling “airraid shelter” kungdi sa loob ng bakuran o likodbahay ay sa tapat ng kanilang tahanan. Ang karani­ wang kublihan ay hinukay at nilagyan ng pinakasibing kahoy saka pinatungan ng makapal na lupa. Ang mga maykaya ay nagpagawa ng mga kublihang yari. sa bato at bakal. Itinatagubilin ng CPS na ang uri, ayos at hugis ng mga kubli­ han ay alinsunod sa mga planong inihanda ng mga eksperto ng pa­ mahalaan, pagka’t ang mga ito’y tiyak na ligtas sa panganib. Ang marami ay walang ginagamit na kublihan kungdi ang isang mesang kahoy na pinatu­ ngan ng mga libro, unan at iba pang kasangkapan. Ayon sa mga maykapangyarihan, samantalang nakatutulong din ang ganitong uri ng kublihan ay hindi gaanong maaasahan ang kaligtasan, lalo na kung mapapalapit ang tama ng punglo o “shrapnel.” Ikinasisiya ng mga pinuno ang mahusay na pagtalima ng madia sa mga kautusan ukol sa pana­ hon ng “alert” o ng totohanan nang pananalakay mula sa him­ papawid. Kinikilala ang malaking tulong ng mga pangulo at patnubay ng mga samahang pangkapitbphay sa pagpapayo sa kanilang mga kasapi. “Nilugaw” Abuloy Sa Surian Ng Wika Ang kahirapan ng bigas ay nasamantala ng mga taga-Laguna upang sila ay lumikha ng bagong pagkain at bagong salita. Ito’y ang lubhang popular doon na “niyugaw”—ang ibig sabihin ay nilugaw na hinaluan ng niyog. Oasis Sa Gitna Ng Taggutom, Isang Kuwarang Siudad Ang Bagyo Isang balitang mahirap paniwalaan ng mga taga-Maynila ang tinanggap namin mula sa Bagyo na nagsasabing “nalutas ng siudad na ito ang krisis sa pagkain, at maipagmamalaking siya ang huwarang siu­ dad sa buong bansa, at diya’y hindi natatangi ang Maynila.” May sapat na pagkain ukol sa la­ hat na dumarating araw-araw, naghahari ang katahimikan at kaayu­ san at nasisiyahan ang madia, ang kalagayang ito ng Bagyo ay siyang dahilan kung bakit halos nagibayo ang bilang ng mga mamamayan doon sa loob ng tatlong buwang lumipas. Inuugitan ng isang pangasiwaang may kaya at tapat na malasakit at tinutulungan ng mga makabayang naninirahan, natakpan o naiwasan ang lahat ng kagipitang ibinubunga ng digma. Halimbawa, iniukol ng siudad ang lahat ng kanyang labis na salapi sa pagbili ng bigas, at bukod sa riya’y umutang pa sa bangko upang makapamakyaw ng pagkaing nabanggit. Ang ganitong hakbang ay naging tunay na biyaya sa mga mamamayan, na patuloy (Nasa pahina 3 ang karugtong) Sinisiyasat Ang Ilang MCCA Malulubhang katiwalian sa ilang MCCA sa Maynila ang sinisiya­ sat ng mga pinuno ng Ministerio ng Kabuhayan at ng Kawanihan ng Kalakal, ayon sa nabatid sa mga kinauukulang tanggapan. Pagdaraya, panghuhuthot, pagmamalabis at pagtatangitangi ang mga sumbong na napaharap laban sa ilang tagapangasiwa, na sinasabing nagpapayaman sa ka(Nasa pahina 3 ang karugtong) Malaki ang pagasa na makatitighaw sa malubhang krisis sa bi­ gas ang kasalukuyang ani ng mga lalawigang magpapalay ayon sa pahayag ni Ministro Pedro Sabido ng mga suliraning pangkabuhayan sa pakikipanayam ng Republika. Gayon man, ang kagipitang nakikita ay nasa kakulangan ng transportasion kaya hanggan nga­ yon ay hindi mataya kung gaanong lunas ang maidudulot ng bagong ani sa kasalukuyang tagsalat sa bigas. “Isang bagay ang maaaring tiyakin,” anang tagapagsalita ng Malakanyang, “at iya’y ang di pagpapabaya ng Pangulo na magutom ang mga mahihirap sa Siudad.” Ipinagutos sa mga pinuno ng mga samahang pangkapitbahay na gumawa ng panibagong senso ng kanilang mga kaanib, upang si­ yang mapagsaligan sa hinaharap na pagrarasion. Nahiwatigan na bukod sa bigas ay magrarasion din ng mais at kamote. Sa ilang liggong nagdaan ay ginawa ang walang bayad na pamamahagi ng bigas sa mga hikahos na magaanak sa Maynila. Ipinagutos ng Pangulong Laurel na ang mga unang sako ng bigas na nasamsam sa mga nagiimbak nito nang labis ay ipamudmod sa mga mamamayang lalong nangangailangan ng tulong. Dahil sa ganyang hakbang ay libolibong maralita ang noon lamang nakatikim ng sinaing o lugaw, pagka’t dahil sa tukodlangit na taas ng halaga ny malaon na silang hindi makabili ng bigas. Samantala ay patuloy ang pagdudulot ng kanin sa mga dukha TALUMPATI NG PANGULO Imhayag Ni Laurel Ang Balangkas Ng Nagsasariling Bagong Pilipinas (Karugtong ng talumpati ng Pangulong Jose P. Laurel na binigkas sa pagdiriwang sa kaarawan ng pagsasarili ng Pilipinas noong ika-14 nn Okinhrpl ________ Subali, kahi’t sila’y naliligaw o di mapapaniwala, ang mga kawal na gerilya ay gumagawa ng katu­ lad ng kapinsalaan sa ating mga kababayan na gaya ng mga manghaharang at mandarambong na pumapatay, nagnanakaw at nananakit sa ating sariling mga kababa­ yan at nagkakalat ng ligamgam sa mga bukirin. Sapagka’t kapwa ang mga kilusan ng gerilya at ang panghaharang o pandarambong ay nakahahadlang sa puspusan at masaklaw na pagtatanim at pag-aani ng mga pagkaing siyang mahigpit na kinakailangan ng mga taumbayan, at nakasasagabal sa kara­ niwang lakad ng pangangalakal; sa ganito’y pinalulubha nila ang kahirapan ng mga mamamayan dahil sa kasalatan ng mga pangu­ nang kailangan at ng pagtaas ng mga halaga. Kung kaya, ang ikatlong bahagi ng ating simulain sa pagpapayapa ay binubuo ng isang maliwanag at mabisang paglalarawan ng malub­ hang pagbabanta ng tagutom na halos di na nalalayo sa atin. Naulit na namin, sa di-mabilang na pagkakataon, ang kasindak-sindak na katotohanang kung hindi natin karaka-rakang pag-iibayuhin ang dami ng ating inaaning pagkain, sa pana-panahon, at sa buong taon, at yao’y titipunin upang maipamahagi, ang mga pook na lubhang nagsasalat ay maaaring mabawasan ng mga naninirahan dahil sa tagutom at ang buong bansa ay mapipinsala ng kahinahinayang na pagkawala ng kaniyang mga ma­ mamayan. Sapagka’t ang sulira­ ning ito ay sumasaklaw sa pangu­ nang batas ng pag-iingat sa sarili, ang Pamahalaan ng Republika ay sumumpang susugpuin niya, ma­ ging anuman ang halaga, ang la­ hat ng panghaharang at panda­ rambong at gagawa ng lahat na makakaya upang mapanumbalik at mapanatili ang katahimikan at kaayusan. Kung walang iba pang makagagawa nito, ang pagbabanta ng laganap na kagutuman ay da­ pat makapilit sa pagtulong ng la­ hat sa mga pagsisikap ng pama­ halaan na malunasan ang kakula­ ngan sa pagkain. ng ilangpung kusinaangbayan sa Siudad. Sa arawaraw ay libolibo ang nakapagtatawidgutom sa mga kakanang ito na nadudulugan ng mga naghihikahos sa lahat ng panig ng Maynila. Bukod sa riyan, tuwing may pagkakataon ay nagkakaloob ang Pangulong Laurel ng mga tanging alaala na binubuo ng pagkain, damit at kaunting salapi sa mga mahihirap hindi sa Maynila la­ mang, kungdi gayon din naman sa mga lalawigang kalapit. Dahil sa hinaharap na tagani, inaasahang magkakaroon ng ma­ laking kaluwagan sa bigas sa bu­ ong Luson. Sinisikap ng Bigasangbayan ngayon pa upang ang aanihing bigas hanggang sa makapasko ay huwag mahulog sa ka­ may ng mga manghuhuthot. Na­ talos sa tanggapan ng pagpapasagana sa pagkain na magkaka­ roon ng mabuting ani sa kasalu­ kuyang panahon, lalo na sa mga lalawigan ng Pangasinan, Nueba Esiha at Bulakan. Ukol Sa Paglilingkod ang NADISCO, Di Sa Tubo Itinatag ang Nadisco, kapalit ng dating Primco, upang maglingkod sa bayan at hindi magkamal ng pakinabang, ayon sa paalaala ni Ministro Pedro Sabido ng mga suliraning pangkabuhayan. Sina­ bi niyang ang tungkulin ng sama­ hang ito ay magtamo ng lalong maraming pangunang kailangan at ipamahagi sa madia. Ipinahayag din ni Ministro Sabido na ang mga MCCA ay kasangkapan la­ mang ng bayan sa pagbibigayluwag sa mga kagipitan nito sa ka­ buhayan. Isang puspusang kilusan sa pagpapasagana ng pagkain ang siyang ikatlong malaking panig ng ating hinirang na gawain. Ang mga kinakailangang bagay sa pagpapasagana ng pagkain ay ang lupa, tao, kasangkapan, binhi, hayop na pambukid upang malinang ang ma­ laxing lupain. Bago itinatag ang Lupong Tagapagbalak sa Kabuha­ yan ay nakapaglagda na ang pa­ mahalaan ng mga batas at kautusang kinakailangan upang sama­ samang magamit ang lahat ng mga bagay na yaon. Iniutos na ang lahat ng mga lupang nakatiwangwang ay bungkalin, ng kani­ lang mga may-ari kung sila’y ma­ kagagawa at pumapayag; kung hindi, ay ng iba pang mamamayan, lalo na yaong mga walang hanapbuhay, nguni’t sa ilalim ng pamamatnugot ng mga maykapangyari­ han ng pamahalaang pampook. Iniatas din na ang mga lupaingbayan na dati’y di nabubungkal at angkop sa madaliang paggamit ay tamnan ng mga halamang makakain. Karagdagan pa nito, ang lahat ng mga liwasan, likuran at harapan ng mga bahay, laruan at tabindaan na pag-aari ng bayan, gayundm ang mga lupang pribado sa mga likuran, harapan o tagiliran ng mga bahay-bahay ay ginamit. Ang mga taong inilalaan sa layuning yaon ay sabay ring pinakilos. Mga nakatatag na pangkat na gaya ng mga nag-aaral, mga kasapi sa Kalibapi, samahang pangkapitbahay, at ng mga kapisanang pambayan at panrelihiyon ay tinawagan upang tumulong sa pagtataguyod sa kilusang ito sa buong bansa. Ang mapamaraang pagtitipon at pamamahagi ng mga binhi at ng lahat ng uri ng mga kasangkapan sa pagbubukid at sa pagsasaka ay isinagawa ng pama­ halaan. Saka, isang batas ang pinairal na nagpaparusa sa kusang pagpinsala sa mga kalabaw at mga baka, at kasabay nito, ay isang kautusan ang inilagda na nagbabawal sa pagkatay o pagpatay ng mga kalabaw. (Nasa pahina 3 ang karugtong)