The American Chamber of Commerce Journal

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Part of The American Chamber of Commerce Journal

Title: The American Chamber of Commerce Journal
Description: Manila : The Chamber, 1921-1976
52 v.
Issue Date: Volume 7 (No. 12) December 1927
Publisher: The American Chamber of Commerce of the Philippine Islands (Member Chamber of Commerce of the United States)
Year: 1927
Language: English
Subject: Philippines -- Commerce -- Periodicals.; Philippines -- Economic conditions -- Periodicals.
Rights
Place of publication: Manila
extracted text: In Lighter Vein: Review of the Year 35 centavos per Copy Historical Yarn, by Percy A. Hill: A Christmas Gift of the Greeks Editorial on West ern Civilization: Irate Rajahs Leading Articles: Franciscan Friars’ Churches in the Phil ippines Growth of Bank Savings Deposits Sports: From Soup to Nuts Through the Sky to Bacolod on Errand of Mercy: How the Army Does It Critique of the Sugar Industry: What Is to Be Done Market Reviews: Sugar, Hemp, To bacco and Cigars, Copra and Copra Products, Exchange, Real Estate, Rice, Shipping, Inward Car Loadings Current Comment of Timely Interest and Permanent Value P4.00 the Year START THE NEW YEAR RIGHT SMOKE ROSITAS 20 for 8 Centavos 30 for 10 Centavos WHEN TRAVELING CARRY NATIONAL CITY BANK OF NEW YORK LETTERS of CREDIT - a nd= — TRAVELERS CHECKS SAFE - - CONVENIENT - - SELF-IDENTIFYING INTERNATIONAL BANKING CORPORATION PACIFIC BUILDING MANILA, P. I. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION TH AMERICAN AMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 1 Modern The beautiful pastel colors that distinguish Dodge Brothers new Four are decidedly a modern touch. At a time when bright colors and attractive lines were never more in demand, Dodge Brothers present this brilliant Four, unequalled for smart appearance by any car of comparable price. Steering is specially geared for balloon tires. This feature, together with the new, improved clutch and standard gear shift, accounts in large measure for the car’s unusual ease of handling under all traffic conditions. Because it exactly meets today’s motoring requirements, this new Four is meeting the most enthusiastic reception ever accorded a product by Dodge Brothers. Sole Distributors: ESTRELLA AUTO PALACE LEVY HERMANOS, Inc. 536-568, Gandara ILOILO — MANILA — CEBU □ odse- Broth&rs MOTOR CARS IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL BEAR BRAND NATURAL STERILIZED MILK is always the faithful friend of weak, illnourished infants. This life-giving liquid forms the bones, muscles and brain of the newlyborn infant, invariably bringing smiles where tears had reigned. | “BEAR BRAND’’ is prescribed by leading I physicians and used in hospitals the world over! SOLD EVERYWHERE IN LARGE AND SMALL CANS CORONAS ALHAMBRA HALF-A-CORONA EXCELENTES ESPECIALES BELLEZAS PRESIDENTES Etc., Etc. Watch For The Name ALHAMBRA On Rings and Labels It’s Your Protection Alhambra Cigar and Gigarette Mfg. Co. 31 Tayuman Manila, P. I. IMITA TED B U T NEVER EQUALLED! IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL Tge eAmerican Chamber of Commerce Journal PUBLISHED 'MONTHLY BY THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS Fred A. Leas. Vict-Proidtnl J. W. Haussermann, Vict-Pretident S. F. H. M. CONTENTS FOR DECEMBER, 1927 5 Early Fr Discover Los Banos. Through the Sky to Bacolod on an Errand of Mercy.................... 6 The Month in Sports: Soup to Nuts (By Carroll D. Alcott) . 8 President Backs Kiess Bill.................................................................... 9 Editorials (By Walter Robb): Irate Rajahs...................................................................................... 10 Lex Scripta........................................................ 10 Marine Views.................................................................................... 10 Bills Approved to December 7............................................................ 11 Laurel and Bocobo on Missionaries, Etc.......................................... 11 Bills Vetoed................................................................................................. 12 A Critique of the Philippine Sugar Industry (By Walter Robb). 12 The Las Pinas Organ............................................................................. 13 Franciscan Friars’ Churches in the Philippines: Great Mission Trail Series.......................................................................................... 13 Currents in San Bernardino Strait (By O. P. Sutherland)... . 14 A Manila Business Romance........................................<...................... 15 “Sutter’s Gold!” The Fatal Cry of ’49............................................... 16 Only 26% Vote in Japan...................................................................... 16 Savings Top Thirty Million: Five Million Increase.................. 26 What About Building Bonds?............................................................. 27 Reviews of September Business: Shipping Review (By H. M. Cavender).............................. 28 Real Estate (By P. D. Carman)............................................ 29 The Rice Industry (By Percy A. Hill)................................ 30 Commodity by Rail........................................................................ 30 November Sugar Review (By George H. Fairchild)... 30 Review of the Hemp Market (By L. L. Spellman)........... 32 Review of the Exchange Market (By Stanley Williams). . 33 Copra and its Products (By E. A. Seidenspinner)........... 33 Statistical Review of Commerce: Imports and Exports from and to Atlantic and Pacific Ports by Nationality of Carrying Vessels................................. 34 Principal Exports............................................................................. 35 Principal Imports............................................................................ 35 Port Statistics................................................................................... 35 Carrying Trade................................................................................. 35 Foreign Trade by Countries............................................................ 35 4 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927' The Monte de Piedad An Institution established and operated for the benefit of the people. Its principal aim is to encourage thrift and to protect needy persons against usury. For that purpose it accepts Savings Deposits at 4^,'c Fixed Deposits at 5% and makes loans under liberal terms secured by Jewelry, Precious Stones and Metals; Real Estate in Manila or Bordering Municipalities; and Bonds, fully secured and readily marketable. Monte de Piedad Bldg. Plaza Goiti, Manila, P. I. Phone 2-27-41: Manager Phone 13-99: Office Marchant Calculating Machines The Most Advanced Calculating Machine in the World Have Us Make a Demon stration on Your Own Work CAMERA SUPPLY CO. 110 ESCOLTA TEL. 2-21-98 Luzon Stevedoring Co., Inc. ' Lightering, Marine Contractors 1 Towboats, Launches, Waterboats Shipbuilders and Provisions ELECTRICITY— The Foe of Drudgery in Factory and Home Electrically equipped factories and homes mean happier and more healthful places to work in. The cost of electrically operated labor-saving devices is offset many times by the saving, the increased efficiency, the protection to health and the contribution to the general well-being of the workers and the families, of such devices. Consider these facts for your 1928 efficiency program. SIMMIE & GRILK Phone 302 Port Area Manila Electric Company (MERALCO) 134 San Marcelino Tel. 2-19-11 LIGHT TRANSPORTATION POWER IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL IHII^erican . EHAMBERoZcOMMERCE k . . .. . ■ BTS&MA fl > ■ Vol. VII, No. 12 DECEMBER, 1927 Merry Christmas: Happy New Year -^--S-s-s-S-s-S-s^-s 5 & It has been a good year: when analyzed and the buying power of money is compared, almost on a parity with the islands’ banner year, 1920. Our statistician shows average exports monthly during the 12 months previous to October as 1’25,641,454, and October exports were 1’21,791,725 against 1’18,878,228 for October 1926. October imports were 1 * 20,203,636 against 1’23,036,994 for October 1926, and the average monthly imports during the 12 months previous to October were 1’19,835,153. During the year the Executive managed somehow to worry along without the aid of the Board of Control, and the public seems at least acquiescent in the situation. It hasn’t in creased taxes. True, early in the year the public was alter nately alarmed and dismayed. According to the papers the Santa Cruz bridge might collapse any time, and the Rivero contract was to be summarily cancelled. Householders pictured their children returning from the movies, crash ing through the bridge just behind the truck carrying the ‘fatal extra hemp bale, and they anticipated awakening any morning to find the flies swarming around the uncollected garb age. Then the legislature met; the papers suddenly developed more confidence in the bridge, and Rivero was left to wrestle it out with the auditor—who now finds the contract saves the city about 1 * 14,000 monthly. Early in the year too, Major Hitchens and the Times wanted Fajardo fired from the health service and unless this were done an epidemic impended. It wasn't done, for some reason, and the epidemic vanished like the fears about the bridge. In fact, the old town is about as healthy as a shoat: there never before was a time when the mortality was so low. $ About the time this ghost went to sleep. Bill Odom and Judge A. D. Gibbs got their heads together and furbished up a dingy corner of the downtown section with four three-story office buildings. Luna’s new Escolta building followed, and Velcso’s building back of Heacock’s, opposite the Odom-Gibbs building acquired by the Chamber of Commerce—now the American Chamber of Commerce Building, where the Chamber cf Commerce is comfortably installed on the entire third floor and work is done under pleasant conditions. I'k The People’s Bank and Trust Company opened for business in another of the four build ings under the management of N. E. “Ned” Mullen: another domestic bank for the islands. Elsewhere in <;his issue are some remarkable figures on savings deposits and their growth during the year. Mayor Earnshaw Besides, the city has a new mayor, Tomas Earnshaw, a business man, who can look a contract in the face without batting an eye, and operate on it for all ailments from tonsilitis to the pip. Har rison made a provincial doctor mayor, and Wood chose a lawyer. Gilmore can advise on legal points himself, so he thought the novelty of having a business man run the eight-million yearly job would be worth trying. Time will tell; meanwhile Mayor Earnshaw has been tendered the pu blic confidence, which, with luck, he should be able to retain. Although Mr. Justice Charles A. Johns of the supreme court has not as yet found the premises he desired on his arrival in Manila, where he could keep a cow, he has silenced the merry-go round next his house that would have disturbed his Thanksgiving dinner and he has led the Rotary crusade against mosquitoes. He is bound by one means or another to contribute to the civic betterment of the city, and he does. There is even to be a carnival, called a Charity Fair, to top off the year. It is in behalf of the Anti-Tuberculosis Society and its colony at Santolan, and President Fernandez of the Phil ippine Chamber of Commerce is at the head of it. There will be balls, shows, exhibits—all the ingredients of a gay festival. The fair opens December 24, the Princess of Charity ball takes place December 22. The old grounds, Wallace Field, arc the site. $ Mayor Earnshaw promises a theater building and park extensions, but that will be for next year’s review. Better to mention here the port improvements at Iloilo and Cebu. Gov ernor Gilmore neglects no part of the islands. $ It is refreshing to observe Gilmore at work. If a buck has been passed to him that he has failed to take up, the incident now escapes attention. When the reporters were interview ing him the other day and one asked about the copra-consumers squabble over the outport shipments abroad, he said he had referred it to the Trade Commissioner for an opinion. “Oh, so you have left it to him?” “Oh, no. Please don’t get me wrong (this is, by the way, Gil more’s nearest approach to slang). I’ll make the decision, I have only asked Mr. Howard for an opinion.” But everyone, by this time, understands: final executive decisions are Gilmore’s, his alone. The Journal thanks its public and patrons for the support it has received, which is increas ing. It believes it did a good job during the year. It tried to, and it believes it can do better next year. Merry Christmas, and a prosperous and happy New Year. $ There’s to be a new Ford Car, announced on this page. Everyone is speculating about it, tar ing to visualize the transformation. First ship ments will soon arrive in Manila. Annual Meeting, American Chamber of Commerce of the Philippine Islands: Last Saturday in January, 1928, 5 p. m. Election of Directors. Place, Third Floor, American Chamber of Commerce Building, 180 David, Manila, P. I. Special features will embody— Selective Gear Shift Four Wheel Brakes Multiple Dry Disc Clutch Hydraulic Shock Absorbers Irreversible Steering Gear Simplified Ignition System Combination Pump Splash Gravity Lu brication Combination Thermo-syphon and Pump Cooling System Four Cylinder Motor Forty Horse Power, unusually quiet at all speeds WAIT for the COMING SOON! The New Ford Car will be offered COMPLETELY EQUIPPED PRICES WILL BE LOW There are six Passenger Types with beau tiful body lines and low center of gravity: Touring Roadster Coupe Sport Coupe Tudor Fordor with a selective choice of four colors, Pyroxylin finish. The new car is designed for modem condi tion and possesses remarkable acceleration with unusual economical fuel consumption at a speed of 65 miles per hour. Nothing Like it in Quality or Price MANILA TRADING & SUPPLY COMPANY ILOILO CEBU BACOLOD MANILA LEGASPI PULUPANDAN IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 6 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927* Through the Sky to Bacolod on an Errand of Mercy How the Army Answered the Call for Help for a Wounded Man Gangrene attacked the flesh of a young Span iard wounded by a bolo wielded by a workman employed under him at Escalante, Occidental Negros, early in November, and a wire was sent to Manila for serum to save the fellow’s life. But boats would be too slow in reaching Bacolod, where the man lay in hospital, so some one thought of Camp Nichols and the Army Air Service. Certainly, every time. The request was made about 10 a. m. November 10, and by 10:30 a. m. Lieutenant J. D. Corkille had Captain D. B. Howard as a passenger with him, Lieutenant D. W. Watkins had Captain R. E. Elvins, flight surgeon, as a passenger with him, and the two big Loening amphibians were winging their way to Bacolod, after an awkward Beached at Bacolod start because of the rough sea running at Corregidor, causing a delay of one hour. Maybe a brief note taken by Captain Elvins will convey what this means: “Watkins says the ship is heavily loaded with gasoline, and that we may have trouble getting off. We taxi her down the runway and let her down into the water by means of ropes, to prevent her entering the water too fast. We taxi out about a mile, and I am literally sprayed with saltwater. Then he gives her the gun and we gain speed. I get another ducking, we gain speed, the ship dips backward and forward, the hull slaps the water, and we are off.” But the water got into the distributor of the other ma chine, and it had to be dried out, while Watkins circled overhead and finally landed until a fresh start could be made by both machines. Nothing untoward happened on the flight, steering was by coinpass and map, and a perfect landing on the cove at Bacolod was made at 2:40 p. m., time of trip 3 hours and 9 minutes. Bacolod gave a grand welcome to the officers and Captain Elvins immediately conferred on the case with the hospital doctor. The serum was administered, tubes inserted to drain away the puss, the candles removed from about the bed, and the priest and relatives and friends, grouped about for the last sacrament, requested to retire. Captain Elvins soon had the patient encouraged and fairly comfortable, with his pulse gaining and his temperature going down. There was, of course, no hope of saving the arm, as both surgeons knew, but there was a chance to save the man’s life—just a fighting chance. It would be up to the Bacolod surgeon alone, after the few hours that Captain Elvins could remain with him: and he was certainly capable and grateful for Elvins’ help. After three hours, Elvins visited the patient again, noting continued improvement: and so it was after six hours, and after nine. The others motored and golfed. Bacolod was lavish in hospitality: Gifford “Giff” Jones gave up his room in the hotel to the visiting officers: the provincial commander made them gifts of antique weapons: the governor and all officials shared the appreciation of the crowds that congregated wherever the officers went. But more had been done than was realized, to get there quickly, for the straight course lay over land about half the way, including Panay island, and * * “hope the motor does not quit now, as we could never get down without crack ing up, and the only thing to do would be to take to the chute.” Of course this anxiety left the fliers when they reached the sea. Next morning at 10:30 a. m. the officers began their flight back to Manila after Captain Elvins had again seen the patient and conferred with the hospital surgeon. Several letters to Manila afterward told of the steady improvement of the patient’s condition, and a telegram spoke of his being practically out of danger, and then he suffered a hemorrhage and went west. But that the trip was vain makes it no less admirable, and so the people concerned feel about it The fliers returned to Manila via Iloilo, going there to lunch with Jones and participate in the celebration of Armistice Day. As the assembled throng at Iloilo stood uncovered for a moment, gazing over the sea and paying a silent tribute to the victims of the Great War, the two planes rose over the horizon and presently landed off Fort San Pedro. (Captain Elvins was a surgeon in that war, where he learned to battle death desperately.) Off for Manila the next morning, November 12, but just as at Corregidor going down, a heavy sea is running and a wet motor quits. One plane is up, this disabled one drifts out toward Guimaras and her companion lands for a launch to tow her back. Captain Howard and Lieutenant Corkille are really in peril. They take turns cranking the engine, standing out on the wings to do so. But they drift on, toward the shoals and rocks of the Guimaras shore—prepared to swim for it if the anchors don’t take hold soon enough; or prepared to jettison the engine to keep the plane afloat. Mean while they continue cranking. A light sailboat passes near, and a naked boy dives overboard grasping a tow between his teeth and swimming for dear life toward the plane. He is blanched with fear as he approaches, he beckons and calls for a hand. Lifted up, he explains, as the tow is made fast, that the waters there are infested with sharks and the coastmen in the sailboat were afraid the officers would have to try swimming. Howard and Corkille can believe this, for something has lunged against one of the wheels of the craft and blown out its thick pneumatic casing with the force of an explosion of dynamite. Towed to the lea of the island, however, they presently get the motor started and fly back over Iloilo to signal their companions. The second start from Iloilo is made at 2:35 p. m., and all goes well until the planes are opposite Mindoro, near Maestre de Campo. Here it is Watkins and Elvins who have trouble, something wrong with the generator, and they land on the water, signaling the others to go on Farewell at Bacolod: Left to right: Lt. Corkille, Capt. Jesus, Lt. Watkins, Capt. Howard. Capt. Elvins, and Dr. Orosa, surgeon at the Bacolod Hospital. to Corregidor; but the others land too, to give aid. Sheltering the planes in a cove, all go to the hospitable village of Concepcidn, where the presidente and the school principal and others take charge of their welfare and bed them for the night in the school house. Next morning Corkille and Howard are to make it in, and Corkille is to come back with repairs, but in the end this proves unnecessary, and Watkins’ and Elvins’ plane, tinkered up somehow, lands at Corregidor at 2:30 p. m., Corkille and How ard beating them in by only 20 minutes. As at Bacolod, where he was on call constantly, Captain Elvins finds plenty to do in a profes sional way at Maestre de Campo. There are no mosquitoes, and no malaria. The people of Concepci6n, some 600 souls, taught by the same school master for 17 years, have become indus trious, peaceful and thrifty. Steamers come from Romblon only once or twice a year, there is little contact with the outside world, and no immigration. The water supply from an arte sian well is wholesome. Once each year the Romblon health officer is supposed to visit the place, but last year he didn’t. The people cling to their customs, they were practicing for the T RetT American & Importer, v BOTICA BOIE ° Wholesale Agents MANILA Heavy Chemicals — Fertilizer — Manufacturers We have been selling drugs for 97 years IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL ’December, 1927 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 7 Fort San Pedro, Iloilo. annual fiesta on the evening the officers visited them, so the visitors went to see the moro-moro dances and hear the weird music. The music master, in red knee drawers and undershirt, was in his element. He had written the piece and wanted it well executed: one violin and two guitars comprise the instruments. The music master stands close to each player in turn, and to each singer of the two couples in the stage parts, cocks his ear and listens. He domineers, the others getting great merriment out of his dignity, and he makes corrections, whether they are due or not. Next morning, while Watkins tinkers the motor, Elvins ruminates. “What could be done for these people! Mod em water system and sewage, teach them sani tation. Put shoes on them, and prevent the hookworm which is very common. Teach the children athletics. Set up a small hospital; operate all cases of hare-lip (which may be due to too close intermarriage); install a modern maternity ward, and cut down infant mortality. Give them dental treatment, and a balanced diet. Increase their opportunities for schooling, they only have the primary grades now. * * * It surely would be an opportunity to show what modern medicine and sanitation could do. They are isolated, so that there would be no interming ling with neighboring islanders. What an oppor tunity for some medical man and some money!’’ Such were the thoughts of the officers, getting back from their errand of mercy. One of them is Captain Howard. But who is he? Only the fellow who, just a short year ago, when all other communications were cut off after the typhoon in Batangas, swerved down over the plaza there and caught a message held up to him on a bamboo pole! He had first dropped a message, listing the information wanted by the Red Cross in Manila and telling the people how to rig the pole. The provincial governor wanted to keep the message pouch, and it ought to be hanging today in the provincial building of Batangas, a memento of the exploit. Too many of these incidents, all in the day’s work of the service, pass with but little notice of them. But the Spaniards who wanted the relief taken to their countryman at Bacolod wouldn’t have things go that way; they tendered a banquet and reception, and supplemented them w'ith speeches of international accord and esteem. We have been enjoying the courtesy of the Army and Navy, in a submarine and in an aero plane. Lieutenant-Commander Hans, with lief of Commander McCormick and officials above them, took us diving in a submarine. We saw the waters rise above us, as we twice plunged toward the bottom, and we glanced through the periscope at the traffic on the surface. Two big Diesels hurled us along the surface, and huge batteries took care of us under the surface. It was thrilling but all right * * * so long as it was all right. Hans’ men told us privately that he is one of the great masters of the game, all carried on in mathematics. They felt safe, so did we. Then Lieutenant Woodruff, with the consent of the officials above him, took us flying from Camp Nichols to Stotsenburg in a bomber. We have signed releases from responsibility and donned parachutes and climbed into the rear cockpit. In an emergency we are to jump, count five and pull the cord releasing the chute. There is the run down the field, the take-off, the banking, quite steeply, into the course; and as we mount higher the city and all the country round about lie like a colorful mosaic pattern of a toyland beneath us. People appear like ants, motors like crawling flies, rivers like silver ribbons on green baize. The air is bumpy, the head wind strong, but we fly on safely, from 86 to 92 miles per hour and are there in 35 minutes. This is man’s mastery of the last unconquered element. We think Woodruff is flying her low, but 2100 feet isn’t really low; and we think he is flying slow, but the speedometer says no. On one side the sea, on the other the delta lands and meandering streams and ditches with the salt beds and fish farms and rice and sugar fields in At Concepci6n: The drum assembles the people in meetings. Left to right. Americans: Elvins, Corkille, Howard, and Watkins. between, and the towns with their toy houses and their plazas and churches—all appearing insignificant and blended into perspective. Presently there is only land, walled in by mountains. And we do fly lower, over only sugar fields and sandy roads where we can distinguish footprints from wheel tracks. We have already passed a sugar mill, the trains in the yard are toy trains on toy tracks, and pigmy men are moping (so it seems) at puny jobs—as if mechanically moved. This low flying dis turbs us, there would not be space in which to jump clear and pull the cord. But lo, we are landing! The trip is over, and without stopping the engines Woodruff wheels around, takes off and returns to Manila, the round trip in little more than an hour. Flying is soon to become very common in the Philippines, and convenient: it’s the logical way to get from Iloilo or Cebu to Manila with mails and passengers whose time is money. Additional landing fields are needed, though, as a factor of safety for even the amphibian type. Once begun, commercial flying should develop rapidly. Try a flight and you’ll be for it. And you’ll have a better appreciation of what it means. How excellently, by the way, our fliers have been performing: only two serious accidents in two years. Talking accurately about it isn’t being done, but think of all the flying in that time, flying to all points of the islands, often on sheer errands of mercy. It’s modern chivalry.—W. R. Beached at Iloilo CONCRETE FOR PERMANENCE When building SEE that “APO” Portland, the Super-Cement is employed in your construction “APO” is Best by Test—Makes Best Concrete Sold only by reliable dealers and the CEBU PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY China Bank Building MANUFACTURERS Manila, P. I. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 8 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 The Month in Sports: Soup to Nuts By Carroll D. Alcott Richards November is always a busy and important month in the Manila sport world. This year, it has been unusually so and many outstanding events have occurred, one of which promises to become memorable in local sporting annals, viz., the appearance of Vincent Richards, of New York, world famous professional tennis star, against the best court talent in the Philippines. The other big events of the month, although less brilliant, are important to many thousands of Manila devotees of some form of athletic endeavor or other, who range in station from stevedores to our leading professional and business men. The opening of the 1927 -28 Philippine Baseball League season on November 24, the initial fall regatta of the Manila Yacht Club and the 1927 army departmental cham pionship golf tournament have aided in ushering in a sport season that will probably be unsur passed by the records of any year since the early days of American Occupation. This may sound like a broad statement, but when one considers that the yacht club, although only a year old, has not only made a successful bow during the short period of its existence but the Manila Bay course record for the Star class has been shattered twice within a week, the conclusion is actually mild. The addition of the outboard motor hydro plane class to the yacht club curriculum and its successful inauguration has aroused an interest in speed racing that has already borne fruit while the success encountered by the Stars in their first three starts practically assures the future of sail ing races in these islands. Richards’ exhibition appearances were highly successful—for Francisco Aragon. “Vinnie” lost two of his three matches with the ranking Filipino star, and although he was off his game to some ex tent, Aragon surprised everyone who saw him in action by proving bet ter than he had hereto fore been considered. Richards may have under-estimated the skill of Aragon and there are many who have that opinion. The writer docs not believe such was the case. The professional star was tired of the constant subjection to tennis he had been placed under in Japan where he played a score of ex hibition matches against the best Nipponese talent. This strain had its effect, with the result that Aragon, who was in excellent shape, scored a victory. Some may misunderstand the above state ments and think that I am detracting from Aragon’s victories. I am not. The fact re mains that Francisco won and, in so doing, gave the game of tennis a decided boost in the Phil ippines with the result that other players of international fame arc likely to be invited to Manila for the benefit of the local players and the fans, which is to be considered quite a vic tory for tennis in general in this city and for Francisco Aragon, thanks to Captain Norman Cook and the executives of the Manila Tennis Club who were responsible for bringing the Nev/ Yorker to the Philippines. The departmental golf tournament was an outstanding achievement in a month that was headlined by brilliant achievements. Captain Kendall J. Fielder,-of Fort McKinley, defeated Captain William Stickman, of the same post, in the finals, 10 and 8. The match, although lopsided, has a big history behind it. Fielder won the championship from a field of more than 60 starters, the largest entry list shown by any golf event ever staged in the Philippines. Much of the credit for the success of the tourney is due Captain John C. Whitaker, departmental golf officer, who was in charge. The tournament was marked by sensational play in the early rounds and fairly low scoring in the eliminations. Lieutenant Joseph Cran ston, of Fort Santiago, won medalist honors after playing a brilliant 36 holes, 18 more than the prescribed number. Fielder, Stickman and Cranston finished the first 18 with 77’s and in the playoff, Stickman dropped out at the 27th, while Fielder and Cranston battled it out to the finish, the latter winning. But Cranston dropped by the wayside in the second round. Rated as a sure finalist at the start, his playing encountered a slump in the second round. Captain Coulter eliminated him from competition, 3 and 2. Cranston’s exceptional work in the Manila Golf ClubHongkong interport matches a few weeks pre vious had established him as a tournament player and his defeat at the hands of Coulter came as a surprise. The match was not exceptionally well played. Cranston was off form and ap parently out of energy to carry him through. His driving was poor, his work on the fairways was ragged, while his putting was no more than ordinary. To the army, the departmental tournament has served as an impetus to many officers who had not taken the royal and ancient game as seriously as they might. When more than 60 officers appear on the dot for a tournament from a roster of not more than 600, something in the way of an achievement has been accomplished by those handling the event. It is safe to venture that a larger number will be out for the 1928 tourney while it is also a good bet that Captain Fielder will be an important figure in the 1928 open scheduled for January. Baseball got off to a slow start although the first weekend games in December helped it out of the rut. In the November games, Meralco and Cavite were the only teams in the league evincing the necessary external signs of baseball. The Eagles and Scouts were trailed by the bungling jinx and still are for the matter although they have registered some improvement. In the games of Saturday and Sunday, De cember 3 and 4, the Scouts presented an improved lineup before 2,500 rabid fans and defeated the Eagles, 9 to 5. Muffs were responsible for the Eagles’ loss. Beale, shortstop, hung up a record by bungling seven and accounting for the ma jority of the Scouts run in so doing. The solu tion to the present problem of the All-American entrants is a puzzle, but one thing is certain, a shakeup on the roster is rapidly becoming neces sary. Beale was sick when he entered the December 4 game, but the fact remains that he played. He isn’t a great shortstop and belongs on second base or in the outer garden. As a base runner, there isn’t a man who can outclass him in the league. Agrusa, who has played four or five years of baseball in Manila, made a few muffs at third but has shown some improvement of late. The outfield has Frazer as its mainstay and he is apparently one of the coming members of the team. “Bobby” Robinson, the manager, has booted a few at times when boots were costly. The pitching staff is as strong if not stronger than that of any team in the league. Mayhall and Porter have been hurling excellent baseball and at Cavite, Saturday, December 3, Mayhall pulled an iron man stunt by literally hurling both games of a doubleheader, losing the first game, 1 to 0, and the second, 3 to 1. Casanova, the Cavite moundsman, likewise pitched both games for his team. Cavite and Meralco are both strong this year. In their second meeting of the year, they turned in the outstanding game of the season by playing nine innings to a 1-1 tie. Every man on both teams played his utmost with the result that the fielding was sensational. Hits were scattered and there were only two errors, both of F- Aragon “Look for the Blue Can” SDCDNY MOTOR OIL AND GASOLINE At service stations, and dealers on every motor road in the P hilippine Islands Standard Oil Company of New York IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 9 these being chalked up to one man, Rivera, Meralco’s third baseman. If Cavite and Meralco continue to dish out the same brand of baseball that featured their second game, and the Eagles and Scouts show some more improvement as it is logical to presume that they will, the season may be fairly successful. With the exception of the arrival of Pete Sarmiento from the roped arenas of the United States, nothing startling has happened in the fistic spotlight. Shortly after his arrival Sarmiento startled the Stadium management as well as the ring worms by refusing to meet Kid Johnson, feather weight champion of the Orient, the man origin ally selected as his first opponent. Pete was brought back to the Philippines with an offer of 1 * 5,000 to meet the king of Far Eastern feathers and not until December 6 did he change his stand and definitely sign papers to fight. The bout has been scheduled for Christmas Eve. It is the opinion of the writer that a good big man can beat a good little man nine times out of ten. Johnson is one of the stiffest punchers that the islands have produced in the feather dixision, and he is outgrowing that class. Sar miento is a legitimate bantam and he demanded, as any bantam would, that Johnson make 124 pounds for him. Naturally Johnson can’t reduce to 124 pounds and fight his customary battle; as matters now stand, Pete has agreed to meet the champion at 126. Pete has, during his hectic career in the United States, fought men at 126 pounds, and in one or two instances even more. That he was handi capped goes without saying, and he will be in a similar position when he boxes Johnson. The fact remains that the bout has been billed and Sarmiento should have a few good fights left in him. If he has, he may weather the storm with Johnson and emerge victorious. That is doubt ful, but if he does lose it will be no disgrace. It is not likely that Sarmiento will return to the United States without making more than one appearance in the local ring. A bout between the former pride of the Churchill stables and Little Moro, flyweight champion and claimant to the bantam title, is being encouraged and is on the verge •of being signed. It will probably be staged during January and it should be as good if not better than the proposed JohnsonSarmiento mix. The visit of Arthur McQueen, representative of the Stadiums Ltd., of Sydney, Brisbane and Melbourne, Australia, was responsible for the expression of a desire by some of the tin alley fraternity to visit the Antipodes. Mr. McQueen took four promising boys back with him under contract for three fights each. Little Cowboy, Young Aide, featherweights; Young Pepe, bantamweight, and Fighting Mendez made the trip and, with the exception of Cowboy, they may return to Manila as big cards for the Stadium which has usually been the history following tours of Australia by local fighters. Fernandez was hardly more than a preliminary boy when he visited the Antipodes. He returned a big card and a well developed fighter. The same was true of de Leon and a number of others. Cowboy probably won’t advance enough to keep the tradition alive for he has already fought 150 battles and, although in his early TRIO OF MANILA RING FAVORITES A champion who missed the title, a champion who won. and a coming champion. —From left to right: Rough Dumagullas. who can hit harder with his left hand than any Filipino bat tler now in the ring; Kid Johnson, hard hitting featerwelght champion, and Little Pancho, flashy brother of the late flyweight champion of the world, Pancho Villa. twenties, he is an old man in the age of the arena. The fights at the Stadium during November were not exceptional. Young Harry Wills, a youth of African lineage, won a close contest from Irineo Flores on November 5. The fight was slow at the start and improved slowly. Georges Montanez and Joe Alexander, fly weights, fought 12 rounds to a draw on November 12. The fight was not a great battle although it was a moral victory for Alexander. Tiny DeBolt, heavyweight champion of the Asiatic Fleet, made his first return appearance in Manila after a summer in China waters by kayoing Al Konze, of the army, in five rounds. Ceferino Garcia, lightweight, brought an abrupt end to any designs that Joe Sacramento might have on the local crown by dealing that eminent member of the Shanghai boxing clique a sleeping potion in the fourth round of their scheduled 12 round feature event on the evening of Nov. 28. Like the month of November, the present month promises to hold some interesting sport events for Manila fans. The championship track and field games are scheduled to be run off during the Anti-Tuberculosis charity fair. Boxing should show a bit of improvement over November while baseball will hold out strong and possibly improve. Yachting will continue to play an important part in the sport curriculum with weekly races while a number of lesser events in the amateur world are on tap. Cable Address: WEHALD, Manila Standard Codes San Francisco Agents: Welch & Co., 215 Market Street Agents Hawaiian - Philippine Company Operating Sugar Central Silay, Occ. Negros, P. I. New York Agents: Welch, Fairchild 8b Co., Inc. 135 Front Street Mindoro Sugar Company San Jos6, Mindoro, P. I. WELCH - FAIRCHILD, LTD. SUGAR FACTORS AND EXPORTERS MANILA, P. I. || PRESIDENT BACKSJKIESS BILL || {By Associated Press) Washington, Dec. 6.—The expenditure by congress through its appropriating power of all or part of the customs revenues now turned over to the Philippine treasury, a move which is advocated by Chairman Kiess, of the house committee on insular affairs, was recommended today by President Coolidge in his message to congress. The change was recommended as a means to greater progress and increased adminis trative efficiency in the islands. As regards a greater degree of autonomy for the islands, the President said that self-govern ment there would be hastened if the Filipino people would show desire and ability to execute cordially and efficiently the provisions of the present organic act. He suggested that a con gressional committee visit the islands biennially. He said that the powers of the insular auditor needed revision and clarification. The text of that part of the President’s message touching upon the Philippines follows: The Message “Conditions in the Philippine Islands have been steadily improved. Contentment and order prevail. Roads, irrigation works, harbor improvements and public buildings are being constructed. Public education and sanitation have been advanced. The government is in a sound financial condition. These immediate results were especially due to the administration of Governor-General Leonard Wood. The six years of his governorship marked distinct im provement in the islands and rank as one of the outstanding accomplishments this distinguished man has left. His death was a loss to the nation and to the islands. Greater progress could be made and more efficiency could be put into the administration if congress would undertake to expend through its appropriating power all or part of the customs revenues which are now turned over to the Philippine treasury. Powers of the auditor also need revision and clarification. The government of the islands is about 98 per cent in the hands of Filipinos. In the extension of this policy, self-government will be hastened by a demonstration on their part of their desire and their ability to carry out cordially and efficiently the provisions of the organic act enacted by congress for the govern ment of the islands. It would be well for a committee of congress to visit the islands every two years.” The Earnshaws Docks & Honolulu Iron Works Philippine Exclusive Agents For Honolulu Iron Works Co. Allis - Chalmers Mfg. Co. Ingersoll - Rand Company The Paraffine Companies “Pabco Paints” J. & C. G. Bolinders-Oil Engines MANILA, P. I. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 10 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 EDITORIAL OFFICES American Chamber of Commerce 180 CALLE DAVID P. O. Box 1638 Telephone 2-11-56 IRATE RAJAHS Irate rajahs like Senator Jose Laurel and Dean Bocobo, whose remarks to law undergraduates on the unrelated subjects of the Central School and missionaries are quoted on the opposite page for purposes of. comment here, do not give, but are given unto. Thus they profit by the western civilization they condemn, but it has not modified their real character; and coincidentally with his platform performance we observe Dean Bocobo persisting in a stubborn attitude until he brings about the temporary degradation of the college of agriculture. The alma maters of such men gain nothing from having educated them, and they are types among our present leaders. This isn’t said in a condemnatory spirit, but in our usual critical spirit which desires nothing but the opening of the eyes of the people to plain facts. That’s one thought. Now, with more temerity, to the metaphysical. In the realm of philosophy the truth is ever obscured, but our humble conclusion is that everywhere in life the good and the bad are inextricably mingled, and they are thus mingled in the character and activities of every man—and all his experiences, too. No effort whatsoever is worthwhile or compensatory in itself; we are all, from cradle to grave, ground between the inexorable millstones of the gods whose inscrutable will we may by no means determine. Every effort is fruitless, except—yes, we are going to use the trite and awful word—except in its altruistic phases. Rocke feller has by no means so much satisfaction, if indeed he has any at all, from a handsome annual increment to his vast fortune, as from the things he may do with this fortune to ameliorate the misery of mankind—of which he feels himself an impotent part like every one of his fellow-men. You may make a hempen rope. If you turn a profit in making it, this heartens you to make another like it; and it renews your courage, but it gives you no psychic satisfaction. The grave, the end of all effort, yawns ahead of you but a little way, and the making of this hempen rope has bitten into your energies and into your soul. Infinite details have absorbed your faculties, engrossed them in a petty endeavor; and competition, not always honest, has annoyed and baffled you every day. In short, the game in itself has not been worth the candle. But when you see your hempen ropes towing steamers to their berths and warping them to piers, and you know that these steamers bring necessities, comforts and luxuries from abroad and will carry away surplus products to markets not existing in your own land, here you do find in overflowing abundance the vicarious reward for all you have done. As you age at your task, but continue it, you know that as you take from yourself, or allow life to take from you, you are giving to others—to those immediately about you, in your family, and to those more remote, who, having your rope, also have employment. It is the same with our Lindberghs, our Galileos, our Leonardo da Vincis, who all, in their different ways, contribute to the building of more stately mansions for the "soul by making this transient life more endurable, more compensatory. And that, we think, is western civilization, miscalled western Chris tianity, which only accidentally cradled its inceptive principle during the Reformation: the principle that we are all in the soup together and that it is cooler at the top and around the brim. It is really a cult of science, a cult of tool-making and tool-using. Such men know that their redeemer liveth, and that he lives within themselves. They are, they feel more and more, the masters of their fates, the captains of their souls; and, as they are, so are all other men on earth. If one care to term this a religion, it isn’t a religion of despair. It is Ben Adhem’s brand—“write me as one who loved his fellow-man.” Random manifestations: On the day Bocobo (who says he was misquoted) and Laurel ran oratorically amok, collection of the Leonard Wood fund for the eradica tion of leprosy begins—the eradication of leprosy! It wasn’t uppermost that day in the dean’s mind, please note, but it was in the minds of others. Missionary Widdoes is completing his three-story hospital with roof garden at San Fernando, Union: the gifts toward it were industrial securities. Widdoes isn’t a bad missionary. Some may be, but Dr. Parish and her companions at Mary Johnston aren’t, nor Wilhelmina Erbst, riding the Cagayan circuit and minding her dormitory in Tuguegarao, nor yet others in an honor list too long. Among all men, in all men, all things, too, good and bad alike are inextricably mingled. And does the good overbalance the bad? One answers according to the state of his digestion. Ours is good. As to the central school, it is not for whites alone but for all Americans and children whose parentage is partly American. It isn’t discrimination, it meets an exigency. It is graded, not with our other local schools, except the university, but with similar schools in the United States, so that chil dren may matriculate without reduction in grade. It is largely patronized by the Army and Navy. It helps them, and is as little as this country and this city, enjoying the constant protection of these services, could do in the way of evening up the score. No doubt the tax revenue from the money spent by the Army and Navy is far above the actual expenses of this school. LEX SCRIPTA As we prepared for the press Governor Gilmore still had two days in which to wind up his action on the bills approved by the legislature. His action up to that time is printed on the opposite page. He trimmed the general appropriations to within 1 * 400,000 of the budget in order to con serve the treasury balance and forestall lean years, for which purpose he had based the budget on the average yearly revenue during ten years. He had yet to consider the public works bill, but the same procedure applies. Both bills were stuffed, of course: the bulky package was handed to him and he was expected to take off a good deal of the wrapping. One thin light-colored layer was the 1 * 150,000 “for expenditure by the Secretary of War” in getting some advisers for the governor. The legislature was thanked for the spirit displayed, but it had been informed that the item was not acceptable. Its obvious objections need no citation here, and now that it is out of the way the President’s recommendation gives rise to hope that Congress will appropriate to the use of the governor for Federal pur poses in this territory, the $600,000 yearly that Americans pay in revenue levied upon Philippine products, chiefly cigars, sold in the United States. It seems to us that the objectionable item was a means of amending de facto the organic act without reference to Congress, and that probably some men in Washington favored it at least as much as members of the legislature. Of course every governor would prefer to select his own staff: like occasional Presidents, some might prefer tennis cabinets. With the veto of the item, the provision for staff per diems in the current appropria tions was revived for next year; the executive will not be helpless, even if Congress does nothing. But Congress should do something. The papers say the islands are losing 1 * 4,000,000 annually on diamonds and other gems smuggled into the islands; on other days they speak of the flouting of the immigration law, while the influx of certain foreign imports leads to the conclusion that ad valorems aren’t always what they might be, nor what they should be. “I wish to sell you diamonds,” said a man to an Escolta importer. “But you can hardly sell me diamonds, I import them.” “Oh, but you pay duty: I pay none!” The customs service is conspicuously a point where executive administration has been weakened. No doubt Collector Aldanese would be glad to have a part of the $600,000 used to strengthen it. Goods smuggled into the Philippines can easily find their way into the homeland; in short, it’s a matter of Federal concern and the local community and the United States too have the right to Federal aid. MARINE VIEWS We tried our best to get C. E. “Charlie” Morton to write the comment on the new marine legislation, since his committee’s report contributed toward it not a little, but the run of affairs prevented his doing so. Three measures, not merely one, were passed. Perhaps all will be approved, two certainly. The bill requiring radio equipment on vessels of specified ton nage has been approved; like action will follow on the Alcazaren amend ment restricting the authority of the utility commission to the fixing of maximum rates; and then there is the bill (which Morton hadn’t seen when we talked with him) that makes new provisions respecting the examination of aspirants for marine-officers’ tickets. The Alcazaren measure stands out. It is all right, we suppose, on the eve of the elections, to let it appear that it slipped through. But, though it may have escaped the attention of some, it didn’t slip through: there were just enough members determined to do something effective about the shipping situation, and they did it. Honor to them all. But now another tangle has developed around the Consuelo at Hono lulu, where she is enjoined from returning to Manila with either cargo or passengers or both. She’s a Philippine ship, and while the injunction may follow the law, it’s an injustice. Even foreign ships may call at Honolulu and book passengers and freight for the Philippines. Our vessels should at least have that right, and the probable outcome is that they will. In the same way, American vessels call at British ports and carry freight and passengers to England. The privilege is reciprocal. But as to Philippine vessels going east from Honolulu, this cannot in justice be done until we have the American registry of ships here. ’December, 1927 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 11 BILLS APPROVED TO DECEMBER 7 S. 113, making the installation of radio obligatory on ships of Philippine registry. S. 547, establishing additional penalties for habitual criminals. S. 552, changing the name of Calle Almanza, Manila, to Florentino Torres. H. 3259, granting the Manila Railroad Company an additional concession to construct railroad on the islands H. 3379, establishing rules for the appointment and promotion of the members of the Medical Division of the Philippine Constabulary. H. 3387, amending Section 12 of the Public AccountH. 1366, appropriating P60.000 for the construction of a rinderpest vaccine laboratory. H. 1636. amending law regarding the investment of the pension funds of the Bureau of Health. H. 1818, amending Section 182 of Act No. 1459. H. 2732. penalizing abuses on the part of adminis trators of lands seized by the government for tax dclinH. 2949, admitting graduates of schools of hygiene and public health to the commissioned service of the Bureau of Health without examination. H. 3082, amending the law regarding the fees of clerks of Court. H. No. 3401, authorizing the Secretary of War to cancel certain bonds issued under Acts 3013 and 3058. H. No. 3589, remitting the obligations of certain prov inces to the Philippine Health Service. S. No. 44. repealing Act No. 2098. S. No. 233, authorizing the Governor-General to organ ize the municipal districts of Supiden, Santol, San Gabriel and Pugo into regular municipalities. S. No. 386, amending the Election Law. S. No. 391, amending the law regarding the setting aside of communal pastures. d S. No. 396, authorizing an economic survey of MinH. No. 3190, redistricting the Province of Batangas. H. No. 3248, authorizing municipal districts to impose license taxes upon collection of edible birds' nests. H. No. 3327, providing for relief of inhabitants of Baler affected by the typhoon of September 17, 1927. H. No. 3355, providing for relief for the Insular Col lector of Customs for goods erroneously delivered. H. No. 3400, amending the disposition of the cedula tax on certain small islands. Senate Bill 460, requiring that when an instrument acknowledged before a notary consists of two or more pages, each shall be signed on the left margin by the persons executing the instrument. Senate Bill 462, appropriating the sum of Pl00,000 for the construction or purchase of an electric power and ice plant at Culion. Senate Bill 504, amending the law regarding the reserv ation of certain public lands for the Sultan of Sulu and Senate Bill 539, repealing Act No. 3318 providing for the registration of contracts of agency. Senate Bill 543, authorizing the retirement of the deceased Judge Pablo Bordon and Judge Cayo Alzona. Senate Bill 544, amending the leave law affecting the Public Service Commission. House Bill 762, changing the name of the municipality of Laguimanoc to Padre Burgos (Tayabasl. Laurel and Bocobo on Missionaries, Etc. Senator Jose P. Laurel, of the fifth senatorial district, belittled the importance of Christianity as a civilizing factor, and rapped the Nordic “snobbery and superiority complex” in a speech yesterday afternoon before the assembly of students in the College of Law of the University of the Philippines. He pointed out that long before the advent of Christ, the dogmas and moral principles of Christianity were embodied in the code of morals of non-Christian peoples. The so-called "western civilization” is, in truth, Oriental civilization in polished and modified form, Senator Laurel stated. The foreign mission aries who are sent by dominant powers abroad are agencies for political domination and econo mic expansion, misrepresenting Christ under the protecting folds of religion, he said. The senator cited’ historical instances in support of his assertion. Speaking of the “superiority complex” of white people, Senator Laurel said it was lamen table that white races, Americans included, have the temerity to assert racial superiority over colored peoples. Given equal opportu nity, the Orientals will prove superior to the whites, as demonstrated by the fact that Chris tianity and civilization originated from the East, he explained. He condemned schools maintained in the Philippines, exclusively for Americans, “as if in our country the Americans are entitled to that consideration on account House Bill 781, providing for per diems for the vicepresident and municipal councilors. House Bill 1260, placing municipal employes in special provinces on the same leave basis as in regular provHouse Bill 1541, changing the boundary line between Surigao and Davao. House Bill 1991, providing a minimum salary of forty pesos a month for municipal school teachers. House Bill 2094, designating a new time limit for the filing of applications under the Osmefia Retirement Act. of racial superiority.” “The Orient must continue to receive inspi ration from its glorious past,” concluded Senator Laurel. “When the Occident was in the dark ness of ignorance and cannibalism, it needed the Orient to vitalize its life and give it a civilization and a religion. The Orient should unmask the true nature of Western Imperialism and understand its real spirit and designs. . . “The Orientals cannot, of course, continue to look with favor on the maintenance of the status quo, for them to remain as ‘hewers of wood and drawers of water,’ a mere means to the fulfillment of other’s ends; but they must be the artificers of what their own nature wants and feels to be good. This set resolve must be the expression of a gigantic and unprecedented effort for the amelioration of half of mankind, the 900 millions of Asia who now regret that ‘the age of chivalry is gone; that of sophisters, economists and calculators has succeeded’. ” Dean Jorge Bocobo of the College of Law, indorsing Senator Laurel’s idea, lambasted the nations sending foreign missionaries to the uncivilized parts of the world, declaring that they misrepresent Christ, by being used as tools of imperialism. Like devils citing the Scripture, the so-called emissaries of Christianity preach the gospel which the powers that send them contravene, he said. -Hullflin, December 2. Big Christmas Sale Now On! Toys! Toys! Toys! Bring the Youngsters Everything in Silks. Kimonos Haori Coats The Rarest Values Pajamas Coolie Coats If you want something new from Old Japan, remember we have just what you want—the Use KATOL BEST MOSQUITO DESTROYER Gets e’m Safety First Regarding Your Health Use KATOL: Don’t expose yourself needlessly to dengue and malaria OSAKA BAZAR MANILA We Invite You to See Our Cherry Blossoms Prepared by Sole Agents Azumi & Co., Osaka Bazar JAPAN P. O. Box 881 Manila, P. I. j IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 12 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 of The Machine You Will Eventually Buy BILLS VETOED House Bills No. 2771 and 3066, granting a franchise for manufacture of ice. House Bill No. 3245, purporting to grant a franchise of the operation of a taxicab service in Manila. House Bill No. 764. amending general orders 68 by prohibiting the issuance of a warrant of arrest against persons charged with violation of ordinances, misde meanors and special laws involving slight penalties. Senate Bill No. 406, declaring as public pastures all cogonal lands in Catanduanes. House Bill No. 2178, specifying persons eligible for Philippine citizenship. House Bill No. 2978, providing that all Justices of the Peace and Auxiliary Justices of the peace now in the service offices be retired upon attaining the age of 65 House Bill No. 2472, making unlawful the direct or indirect deduction or discount by the purchaser from weight or measure in sales of certain products. Appropriation Bill, appropriating 1 * 150.000 for salaries and per diems of aids to the governor general. Appropriation Bill, alloting the sum of 1 * 144,000 for the establishment of branches of the University of the Philippines, in Vigan, Lingayen. Legaspi and Iloilo. House Bill No. 1328, providing that all investigations of irregularities in municipalities must be made by the municipal board or council. House Bill No. 3359, imposing a tax upon persons engaged in recruiting laborers for work outside the Phil ippines. For fast clean cut work there is no machine that will take the place of the UNDERWOOD. For the year end balance sheets and statements to be filed for reference the UNDERWOOD long carriage machine is especially useful. Let us demonstrate the UNDERWOOD today SMITH, BELL & COMPANY, Ltd. SOLE DISTRIBUTORS A Critique of the Philippine Sugar Industry By Walter Robb The occasion of the return to the Philippines of H. Atherton Lee, sugar technologist, to reas sume his old position with the Philippine Sugar Association as director of experimental work, seems a good one to employ in a glimpse of the situation in the sugar industry from the viewpoint of the man outside the industry who has a natural interest in its continued prosperity because of all that it weighs in the general welfare of the islands. The sugar industry gives wider employment in the islands with each succeeding year, and wages to labor em ployed in specified branches of the industry tend to rise. Each additional central estab lished, and many are being established, widens the demand for labor in every rank from manag ers down to field hands. The centrals have a direct demand for' ma chinery, they also create a demand for it among the planters whose cane they grind; and all along the line, since there is an interrelationship among industries, industry and commerce benefit by these extensions. Communities bene fit too. The sanitary villages at the mills are Perfection hasn’t been reached and never will be, but modernization of port facilities does occur, with something, much or little, done each year. The idea of improvement, seized long ago, is never abandoned; it is accepted as the norm of what to do. Nor are ships lacking, of the best type, to carry the manufactured product off to market in America. If all could be said about the plantations as can be said and is indeed every where manifest concerning all other branches of the industry., it would be worth so much to the United States that she would never enter tain the notion for a moment of doing anything to curtail or injure it. She would not think of imposing a tariff restriction (such as is being talked of now), and she would want the annual crops to be as large as possible. They would mean a great deal to her, in the manufactures of her own that she could exchange for them. They do now mean a great deal to her, but it models, provided with the of the conveniences of the times that toward the installation of similar services in neighboring towns. The railway systems con nected with the mills are by-paths into the towns. All these things sum up into more trade and more facilities for trad< farmers growing other crops than ulating the demand for these other products and providing the means, cash for work done, for gratifying these demands. Also, one year with another there is improve ment in the sugar industry. Men whose judgment is trustworthy commend the efficiency of the centrals, rating them with the best in the world; and so much technical talent has come to the islands from Hawaii that, taken with that developed here, notably at the college of agriculture, the centrals are well managed and well staffed. Nor is the unskilled labor much INFORMATION FOR INVESTORS Expert, confidential reports made on Philippine projects ENGINEERING, MINING, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, LUMBER, ETC. Hydroelectric projects OTHER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES BRYAN, LANDON CO. Cebu, P. I. Cable address: “YPIL,” Cebu. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 13 THE LAS PIfiAS ORGAN The quiet little town of Las Pinas, about seven miles south of Manila, is well worth a visit from the tourist or sight seer. This town became famous and has remained famous ever since Padre Diego Cera constructed the first organ of bamboo in the parish church of the town. This organ has five octaves (considered too many in those old days) and seven hundred fourteen pipes. The organ was built in 1797 and has well withstood the knocks of time, which proves the durability of its bamboo reeds. A few of the pipes are ruined by age, but in spite of this, it still continues to emit sweet In reality there were two organs, exactly alike, one of which was sent to the Queen of Spain. Her Majesty was delighted at Cera’s wonderful work and, in praising phrases, declared that no similar article existed in Europe, which was true. It has no bass tone and the only variety of tone is caused by two of the larger pipes, which measure about six feet long. Diego Cera, the maker of the bamboo organ, was born in Spain, in 1762. His parents. Joa quin and Francisca Cera, were very pious and desired their son to fill the chair of a priest. Diego, however, had different ideas in mind along mechanical lines. This he soon found out, anything concerning machinery appealed to his eye from that time on. Diego loved music, and was deeply interested in the mechanism of musical instruments. Ac cordingly he learned how to make organs. As Diego grew older he decided to accede to his parents’ wishes and enter the church. This he did, and so rapid was his rise that in 1790 he was sent to Mexico as a regular priest, to establish missions. He did not stay long in Mexico, but soon came to the Philippines. Here he took up organ-building and after construct ing many other organs he did his most famous piece of work by constructing the world-renowned bamboo organ at Las Pinas. Franciscan Friars’ Churches in the Philippines Fifth Paper in the Great Mission Trail Series Mention has been made in previous papers of this series of the sanctuary of the Franciscan friars which was their property of San Francisco del Monte, and another paper was upon their monastery church in Manila, still in regular use, like the monastery itself, and still one of the city’s particular attractions. This paper will list the churches they built throughout the provinces where they first went as missionaries and where they were the priests in the parishes they established. Under the friars the Phil ippines were amenable to a moral discipline which no longer prevails. Anyone driving into the provinces may observe this. Along the highways leading to the town plazas, where the churches, in wretched disrepair, are crumbling, are thatch dwellings often built upon broken stone foundations, and patches of cane fencing in spaces where the old stone copings or en closures have fallen away. Sets of fine old bells, often times, have been taken down from towers dangerously under mined and installed upon wooden or cane frame works, where carelessness and indifference sometimes fasten them with rattan thongs. This is the reckless hand of revolution. It destroys the old monuments with a vindictive will, and it erects nothing in their stead. One does not argue in this comment in behalf of the old regime; one may be willing to let it lapse into oblivion, as it surely will whether one will or no; but one would wish that a new moral discipline would take hold upon the energies As a town Las Pinas, though small in size, ranks important among the municipalities of Rizal province. The population is about 3,000. old parish church dominates the plaza. It ts partially in ruins. All Manila chauffeurs know the short drive along the Cavite road to Las Pinas. Only the two bamboo organs were built. Unless the one sent to Spain still exists, the relic at Las Piiias is the last of the kind in the world. Father Cera did not build the organs of the people and awaken them. Because no church is to be built, or the old one repaired, must no one burn lime or mold brick for the building of other edifices? What a lethargy seems to have enthralled the spirit of the general populace. If they are now content with thatch chapels in lieu of masonry churches and cathe drals, why do they not have homes, mills, grana ries and stores? Will they not even have ma chine shops and garages? Or must the commentator conclude that absolutism befits their slothful natures, that peasants they are and peasants they always will be, as the nobles said of the churls of Eng land ; that their ambition does not rise above the cane rafter and the thatch eave, that the littered plaza does not offend them, and they do not shudder when the old friars’ sacred little parks and village breathing places are defiled and encroached upon by the iron-slabbed Chinese tienda and the bamboo market-stall. This pqper, of course, reaches no conclusion; it merely remarks a condition, possibly transitory but certainly far too prolonged, which is not readily explained and which should perhaps give the governors of the people pause. Sociologically something is gravely wrong when fine crafts like hewing stone, making brick and burning lime, once so commonly known among the people, are utterly abandoned because the craftsmen have no clients. The people have it in them, as the friars proved, but the times do not bring it out. The with his own hands, but retained the services of a Filipino craftsman of the parish. The skill was fortunately perpetuated in the family, and when, a few years ago, it was decided to repair the organ at Las Pinas, a descendant of the original craftsman was found who was able to effect the repairs. The method of putting the contemplated seven-hour day into operation decided upon by the textile committee of the supreme council of national economy, Moscow, substitutes three shifts daily instead of the present two eight-hour shifts, increasing the factory hours from sixteen to twenty-one Few skilled textile workers being among the country’s 2,000,000 unemployed, the committee proposes to use members of the present workers’ families to fill the increased number of positions. The plan will be tried in four factories. Long lines of people gather daily in front of the government textile stores on account of the shortage in retail supplies. The authorities claim that many of those standing in line are scalpers and private dealers who make purchases which they resell at speculative prices. It is proposed to do away with the queues by moving the stores to distant quarters of the city and near the homes of the workers. The production of a union card in order to make a purchase will .be required. A decree has been issued fixing the punishment of anybody who works on the holidays Nov. 7 and 8, except in case of newspaper correspondents and employes in the telegraph and health service. The two new holidays make the country’s total eighteen in each year. —Junius B. Wood in Chicago Daily Neus. times then, more than one will say, are out of joint. Is this the mere shadow of man that is going ahead in the Philippines, or is it man himself—bone and sinew and brain and arm? There should be no surprise that not every traveler is able to be sanguine over what he sees here. The government, it is true, pours a lot of concrete every year into school houses, bridges, culverts, a few irrigation dams and public buildings. But who else? The stranger; who builds a sugar mill, some native neighbors of his, commendably following his example, and then . . . the friars who are still with us, who build new schools and colleges. But it is not Manila, it is the towns we speak of. If the country were on the plane where the old discipline of the church left .it, given the advance of the times and all modern inventions and conveniences that have come to be available, backward indeed would be the village that did not have its own water and sewer system, its lights, its theater. But the people go on as before; the bells, though broken, call them still, and they pass in to worship—over a broken threshhold! A thatch shade careens in the place of a broken Venetian window, and the priest abides, seemingly in undisturbed con tentment, in a dismal hut erected upon the ruins of a once substantial old convento. Santa Ana de Sapa. Now a part of Manila, the village having been the seat of the old rajaji who ruled a large district extending as far asPasay. Founded in 1578. Corner-stone of the present church laid September 12, 1720, by Archbishop Francisco de la Cuesta. Dilao, now Paco. Founded in 1580; stone church, 1599-1601, became a fortress of the Chinese who revolted in 1603, and was destroyed. New stone church, 1606, built at the expense of Francisco Gomez Arellano, archdeacon of the Manila cathedral. It was in the polemic zone, on the site of the later Battery of Charles IV, and the church was destroyed and the village moved eastward by order of the government in 1791, after the lessons taught by the English bombardment. Present church, 1808. Dilao is the name of a shrub producing a yellow dye. Paco must be from the nickname for Francisco. Combining three villages, Dilao, Santiago and Penafrancia, the government tried vainly to impose the name of San Fernando upon all, but the vulgar term persisted. Sampaloc. From the fine shade tree of that name formerly abounding in the district. Dis 14 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL Dceember, 1927* liking the climate of San Francisco del Monte, the Franciscans built another monastery and church in Sampaloc in 1613, the maestre de campo, Don Pedro Chaves, and his wife Dona Ana de Vera, building both edifices for them and furnishing the land, and the government separating Sampaloc from Santa Ana de Sapa. The Chinese rebels of 1639 destroyed the prop erty, and Fray Francisco de Santa Catalina built the present church in 1666, the convento also. Pandacan. On the left bank of the Pasig between Santa Ana and Paco, separated politi cally from Sampaloc in 1698 and spiritually in 1712. Church of the Holy Child, begun by Fray Francisco del Rosario in 1732 and com pleted by Fray Florencio de San Jose in 1760. Destroyed by earthquakes of 1852, and rebuilt in 20 months, even the children and women working at the task with the utmost enthusiasm. The tiny chapel on the south contains a holy well, the one in which an engraving of the Sa vior was found by some children playing about the church walls. The image was taken to the mother church in Sampaloc, but was mi raculously returned to the well, which became a place of pilgrimage for the sick, among whom marvelous cures were reported. (This practice continuing after the American occupation and endangering the health of the city, the well was sealed by order of the government. The church, of course, never recognized the miracle as such, but the belief in the divine efficacy of the waters persists to this day). CURRENTS IN SAN BERNARDINO STRAIT By O. P. Sutherland Chief, Computing Division, Coast and Geodetic Survey It should be remembered that the predicted currents are for normal conditions. A strong northeast monsoon may delay the change in current as much as 30 minutes. Dfcte Slack before Maximum ebb. Slack before 192S ebb. Time Velocity Jan. 1 4:16 a.m. 7:40 a.m. 2.2 knots 10:06 a.m. 2 7:31p.m. 9:04 p.m. 0.8 “ 6:36 a.m. 8:50 a.m. 1.1 “ 10:39 p.m. 10:33 a.m. 3 7:34p.m. 10:08p.m. 2.2 “ 9:24 a.m. 10:05 a.m. 0.2 “ 12:56 a.m. 4 7:54 p.m. 11:03 p.m. 3.7 “ 10:45 a.m. 2:20 a.m. 5 8:24 p.m. 11:52 p.m. 5.2 “ 3:21 a.m. 6 9:00 p.m.-------------------------------12:37 a.m. 6.3 “ 4:12 a.m. 7 9:39p.m. -------------------------------1:20 a.m. 7.1 “ 4:58 a.m. 8 —■—Pm 2:02 a.m. 7.4 “ 5:42 a.m. 9 11* * 01 pm _ _______________ -------- 2:43 a.m. 7.3 “ 6:22 a.m. 10 11:42 p.m. -------------------------------3:25 a.m. 6.8 “ 6:58 a.m. In this issue are published the predicted currents for San Bernardino strait for • the months of January, February nad March, 1928. As stated in the Novem ber issue, the navigator leaving a port in the Philip pines, intending to pass from Samar sea through San Bernardino strait and into the Pacific ocean, should so time his de parture from port that he will arrive in the vicinity of Capul island, at the entrance to San Bernardino strait, at or about the time given in the first column (slack before ebb). He will then have approximately seven hours of favorable current to assist him on his passage. Comments are desired from navigators who use the tables, as to their value. San Miguel. A Jesuit parish from 1603 to 1768, which passed to the Franciscans in 1777 as a visita of Dilao, a fact which shows how tardily this section of the city developed. At that time it was on the left bank of the Pasig along an estuary called Tripa de Gallina, and the natives still know the district as San Miguel Viejo. But in 1783 the village burned, and the government had it shifted to the right bank of the Pasig, the present site, and attached for civil administrative purposes to Quiapo district until 1797, when it became a separate district under Fray Pedro Malo de Molina’s ministry. The church, where Governor James F. Smith always worshiped, following the pre cedent of his many Spanish predecessors at Malacanang, was begun in 1835 and completed under Fray Esteban Mena some years later. The people of the parish gave a little toward its completion, and special donations were received. The tower, razed by earthquakes in September, 1852, was rebuilt by Fray Francisco Febres. San Felipe or Mandaloyon. This magni ficently situated estate is now being made into suburban extensions of Manila. Its church is recent, dating since 1865. It was separated from Santa Ana for civil administration in 1841, San Juan del Monte, lying adjacent to it, having been .taken from the same municipality in 1783. Mecauayan. The native word signifies an abundance of bamboo. The parish dates from 11 12:23 a.m. 4:06 a.m. 6.0 “ 7:32 a.m. 12 1:04 a.m. 4:57 a.m. 5.0 “ 8:01 a.m. 13 1:48 a.m. 5:30 a.m. 3.9 “ 8:27 a.m. 14 2:41 a.m. 6:14 a.m. 2.7 “ 8:49 a.m. 15 3:59 a.m. 7:03 a.m. 1.5 “ 7:15p.m. 9:07 a.in. 16 6:51 p.m. 6:27 a.m. 8:18 p.m. 8:04 a.m. 0.6 “ 0.4 ’’ 9:39 p.m. 9:14 a.m. 17 18 7:10p.m. 7:35 p.m. 9:22p.m. 10:25 p.m. 1.3 “ 2.3 “ 11:53 p.m. 1:36 a.m. 19 8:04 p.m. 11:18p.m. 3.3 “ 2:39 a.m. 20 8:37 p.m. 9:12 p.m. 9:47 p.m. 10:22 p.m. 12:04 a.m. 4.4 “ 3:27 a.m. 21 12:45 a.m. 5.3 “ 4:09 a.m. 22 1:24 a.m. 6.0 “ 4:43 a.m. 23 2:02 a.m. 6.6 " 5:2? a.m. 24 10:58 p.m. 2:39 a.m. 6.8 “ 6:03 a.m. 25 11:35 p.m. 3:17 a.m. 6.7 “ 6:39 a.m. 26 12:15 a.m. 3:55 a.m. 6.2 “ 7:13 a.m. 27 12:57 a.m. 4:35 a.m. 5.3 “ 4:26 p.m. 7:44 a.m. 28 4:15 p.m. 1:47 a.m. 5:13 p.m. 5:17 a.m. 0.3 “ 4.1 “ 6:02 p.m. 8:10 a.m. 29 4:31 p.m. 2:51 a.m. 6:06 p.m. 6:05 a.m. 0.7 “ 2.6 “ 7:21 p.m. 8:31 a.m. 30 4:55 p.m. 4:37 a.m. 7:06 p.m. 6:58 a.m. 1.2 “ 1.0 “ 8:51 p.m. 8:41 a.m. 31 5:29 p.m. 8:14p.m. 1.9 “ 10:42 p.m. 6:10p.m. Feb. 1-------9:26 p.m. 2.8 “ 12:51 a.m. 2 7:02 p.m. 10:36 p.m. 3.9 “ 2:18 a.m. 3 7:54 p.m. 8:46 p.m. 11:36 p.m. 5.0 “ 3:18 a.m. 4 12:28 a.m. 5.9 “ 4:07 a.m. 5 9:35 p.m. 1:11 a.m. 6.6 “ 4:49 a.m. 6 10:20 p.m. 11:02 p.m. 1:57 p.m. 1:51 a.m. 6.8 “ 5:25 a.m. 7 2:30 a.m. 6.7 “ 5:58 a.m. 8 11:42 p.m. 2:46 p.m. 3:07 a.m. 0.4 “ 6.3 “ 3:33 p.m. 6:26 a.m. 1578 and the mission efforts of Fray Juan de Plasencia and Fray Diego de Oropesa. It was the early capital of Bulacan, and stood at a greater elevation half a league farther east than the present town. After its destruction by baguio in 1588, Fray Pedro Bautista, the martyr, ordered its removal to the site called Lagolo. Fray Antonio de Nombela was then the parish priest. Under Fray Nicolas Santiago the town was again removed, in 1668, to the site where it now stands. Patron saint, San Francisco de Asis. The stone church built at Lagolo in the 16th century was taken down and removed to the permanent site, and with additional materials the present church was built by Fray Nicolas and his successors. For its age and the neglect it has recently shared with so many splendid parish buildings, it is in a remarkable state of preservation—worth getting out of one’s car to visit. Fray Francisco Gascuena added the bell tower in 1800, and the arch sustaining the choir in 1804. Fray Benito de Madredejos made extensive repairs in 1851. Between the years 1731 and 1739 the convento was built, by Frailes Juan Francisco de San Antonio, Miguel de San Bernardo, and Jose Sellez. From this point the listing of the Franciscan churches in the Philippines will be continued in the January Journal. The reader will note that in motoring into the provinces these data on the churches will make convenient references. 2:10 p.m. 3:23 p.m. 0.7 “ 4:30 p.m. 9 12:20 a.m. 3:42 a.m. 5.5 “ 6:51 a.m. 2:29 p.m. 4:01 p.m. 1.0 “ 5:21 p.m. 10 12:59 a.m. 4:17 a.m. 4.6 “ 7:12 a.m. 2:51 p.m. 4:41 p.m. 1.1 “ 6:12 p.m. 11 1:41 a.m. 4:53 a.in. 3.4 “ 7:30 a.m. 3:16p.m. 5:24 p.m. 1.2 “ 7:05 p.m. 12 2:31 a.m. 5:29 a.m. 2.1 “ 7:45 a.m. 3:46 p.m. 6:13 p.m. 1.3 “ 8:02 p.m. 13 3:50 a.m. 6:09 a.m. 0.8 “ 7:48 a.m. 4:23 p.m. 7:10p.m. 1.4 “ 9:11 p.m. 5:11 p.m. 8:18p.m. 1.6 “ 10:45 p.m. ~~ 6:11 p.m. 9:33 p.m. 2.1 “ 16 7:10 p.m. 10:43 p.m. 2.9 “ 12:48 a.m. 17 2:09 a.m. 8:05 p.m. 11:39 p.m. 3.9 “ —— 18 8:51 p.m. ~~ __ __ am’ 19 — 12:26 a.m. 5.0 “ 3:47 a.m. 9:33 p.m. 20 1:10 p.m. 1:06 a.m. 5.8 “ 4:27 a.m. 10:13 p.m. 1:35 p.m. 0.1 " 1:58 p.m. 21 1:08 p.m. 1:44 a.m. 6.4 “ 5:03 a.m. 10:53 p.m. 2:09 p.m. 0.6 “ 3:09 p.m. 22 1:19p.m. 2:21 a.m. 6.6 “ 5:37 a.m. 11:35 p.m. 2:44 p.m. 1.1 “ 4:03 p.m. 23 — 2:58 a.m. 6.4 “ 6:08 a.m. 1:33 p.m. 3:20 p.m. 1.6 “ 4:55 p.m. 24 12:18 a.m. 3:35 a.m. 5.6 “ 6:35 a.m. 1:49 p.m. 3:57 p.m. 2.0 “ 5:49 p.m. 25 1:06 a.m. 4:13 a.m. 4.4 “ 6:58 a.m. 2:07 p.m. 4:39 p.m. 2.4 “ 6:46 p.m. 26 2:03 a.m. 4:52 a.m. 2.8 “ 7:14 a.m. 2:32 p.m. 5:26 p.m. 2.7 “ 7:48 p.m. 27 3:23 a.m. 5:34 a.m. 1.1 “ 7:17 a.m. 3:04 p.m. 6:23 p.m. 2.9 “ 9:01 p.m. 3:51 p.m. 7:31p.m. 3.0 “ 10:36 p m. 4:57 p.m. 8:51 p.m. 3.2 “ == March 1 — — — 12:38 a.m. 6:20 p.m. 10:12 p.m. 3.7 “ — 2 2:06 a.m. 7:38 p.m. 11:21p.m. 4.5 “ — 3:04 a.m. 4 — 12:14 a.m. 5.2 “ 3:47 a.m. 5 12:33 p.m. 12:56 a.m. 5.6 “ 4:22 a.m. 10:21p.m. 1:18 p.m. 0.3 “ 2:06 p.m. 6 12:27 p.m. 1:34 a.m. 5.8 “ 4:53 a.m. 11:02 p.m. 1:51p.m. 1.2 “ 3:16 p.m. 7 12:36 p.m. 2:08 a.m. 5.7 “ 5:18 a.m. 11:40 p.m. 2:24 p.m. 1.9 “ 4:09 p.m. December, 1927 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 15 8-------- 2:42 a.m. 1. 2:58 p.m. 5.2 “ 2.4 “ 5:40 a.m. 4:55 p.m. 16 6:04 p.m. 10:02 p.m. 2.7 “ 24 12:27 a.m. 12:35 p.m. 3:13 a.m. 3:30 p.m. 4.1 4.2 “ 5:43 a.m. 6:05 p.m. 12:49 p.n 9 12:17 a.nn. 3:15 a.m. 4.5 “ 5:59 a.m. 17 1:25 a.m. 25 1:24 a.m. 3:51 a.m. 2.7 “ 5:58 a.m. 1:04 p.ni. 3:30 p.m. 2.7 “ 5:39 p.m. 7:26 p.m. 11:08 p.m. 3.6 “ — 12:56 p.m. 4:10 p.m. 4.6 “ 6:59 p.m. 10 12:57 a.ni. 3:47 a.m. 3.5 “ 6:16 a.m. 18 2:27 a.m. 26 2:41 a.m. 4:25 a.m. 1.1 “ 6:00 a.m. 1:21 p.ni. 4:04 p.m. 2.9 “ 6:22 p.m. 8:27 p.m. 11:58p.m. 4.5 “ — 1:24 p.m. 4:56 p.m. 4.5 “ 7:57 p.m. 11 1:42 a.ni. 4:20 a.m. 2.4 “ 6:30 a.m. 19 — ------- . 3:13 a.m. 27 — 1:41 p.nn. 4:38 p.m. 2.9 7:07 p.m. 9:18 p.m. — ■-------• 12:40 p.m. 1:59 p.m. 5:51 p.m. 4.2 “ 9:04 p.m. 12 2:40 a.nn. 4:49 a.m. 1.2 “ 6:36 a.m. 20 11:54 a.m. 12:41 a.m. 5.3 “ 3:51 a.m. 28 2:05 p.nu. 5:16 p.m. 2.7 “ 7:53 p.m. 10:03 o.m. 1:13 p.m. 1.0 “ 2:32 p.m. 2:48 p.m. 7:00 p.m. 3.7 “ 10:29 p.m. 13 5:23 a.m. 21 11:57 a.m. 1:20 a.m. 5.8 “ 4:25 a.m.: 29 _____ 2:34 p.n1. 6:04 p.m. 2.4 “ 8:49 p.m. 10:50p.m. 1:45 p.m. 2.0 “ 3:30 p.m. 4:03 p.m. 8:22 p.m. 3.3 “ — 14 22 12:06 n.m. 1:58 a.m. 5.7 “ 4:55 a.m.: 30 12:13 a.m. 3:18p.nn. 7:12 p.m. 2.1 “ 10:01 p.m. 11:37 p.m. 2:18p.m. 2.9 “ 4:22 p.m. 5:50 p.m. 9:45 p.m. 3.4 “ 15 23 2:35 a.m. 5.1 “1 5:21 a.m.’ 31 1:35 a.m. 4:28 p.nn. 8:39 p.m. 2.1 “ 11:46 p.m. 12:19p.m. 2:53 p.m. 3.6 “1 5:12 p.m 7:28 p.m. 10:57 p.m. 3.7 “ A MANILA BUSINESS ROMANCE NOTE.—He was suffering visibly when he brought this in. His jowls were blue, his checks a sickly green; and he bent low, twisting his elbows into his midriff as if in an agony from prawns that hadn’t chosen good company. We arc nothing if not charitable, so we accept ed his piece with alacrity and hurried him across the hall to the doctor’s office. Gentle reader, don’t take this as a poem, take it rather as a symptom; and say kindly, dismal for Christmas, a bit too candid to be ignored. We believe he is recovering, so it probably will never happen again.—ED. Manila, land of holidays And holy days and good-time daze. And clubs and pubs and cabarets And carnival and moonshine haze. Where Yankee, Turk, and Aleman, And Japanee, and Chinaman, And all the races of the earth Assume the role of businessman. Where funds are short and talk is long And gamblers sing their siren song; Each morning sees some project new, Each evening bids it sad adieu. Some new device sells, for a price, And life is sweet and full of spice; With “new device” the town is full— Next week, and business is the bull. The Victor starts the orthophope, And Brunswick sells the Panatrope, A new icebox appears, but say— E’en Ford must have his Chevrolet. John Cohnamaker, Aberdeen, Kwong Lee, San Pedro, Hugo Steen— Warehouses filled with spuds and beans, Textiles and cars and oiled sardines. But shucks, old timer, cheerio, Some other things are worse, y’ know; The city fathers never sleep, For funds are low and debts are deep. For once they're working overtime— Strange business in this tropic clime— Not many things they overlook That might be taxed by hook or crook. So get another license new— To breathe and eat, and habla, too; And one and then one half per cent You’ve got to pay the government. Your business, it may lose like h- - -, But your gross sales to Juan you tell; The revenue must have its dole Maskee how deep you’re in the hole. And then some hero up and die3, His soul is wafted to the skies: And then again, he may be shot. Ere he the other fellow got. His birthday we all celebrate While large committees pass the plate, You’ve got to dig, and with a spade, To help pay for the big parade. And close your factory and your shop— Your men, they need a rest, old top. To march five miles ’neath tropic sun? No, that’s not work, by gosh, it’s fun. Then there’s the orphan and the poor, The guy who would your life insure, The prune who missed too many boats, The coo-coo who once knew his oats. The ad man who extracts your dough For programs of the minstrel show, The athletes drive, the baseball games, The scouts, and fetes by sweet-souled dames. And schools and fools and busted bums, The uplift twins just from the slums, The election of some senator. And alms for the ex-janitor. And picnic rice Valencia, .And funds for dear ’pendencia.— If giving blesses all mankind The merchant’s blest from core to rind. O rich man, poor man, beggar, thief, O doctor, lawyer, merchant, chief, O youth and maiden, cleric, seer, Hark to this message of good cheer.' L’ envoy What makes life sweet and wholesome, who can say? For joys of life we all have need to pay. What is one’s poison, is another’s meat— Shoes that fit Juan, pinch old Pedro’s feet. Manila merchants are queer rogues, you know. Their pulses quicken when adverse winds blow, Their hardy spirits rise to meet with glee Each new false blow of mean adversity— Some way they win, though how’s beyond my ken. Except, in knowing them, I know they’re men; Their very woes their minds keep ever fit To meet their troubles with a sharpened wit. Intent and bent the honest cent To capture for to pay the rent. . . Some busted merchant’s indent stock The banks throw on the auction block! The manufacturer’s agent crop Aye helps the merchant take a flop, Their direct importation hop Is smoked in every retail shop. The proud importer loudly groans, The big wholesaler wails and moans; The peanut-merchant’s draft was due— At less than cost his goods he blew. The bland consumer grins and gloats, While merchants cut each other’s throats, And banks step in and liquidate. And abogados celebrate. O blessed land of holidays, I on your beauteous sunsets gaze, And wonder how so fair a land Could breed the jolly cutthroat band Of guys who work for love or less And in their loss find happiness: Because their neighbor lost a sale, What reck they that they lost their kale? Each season sees them bloom anew With sucker-money fresh as dew: One bom each minute? Say, old dear, They’re on the increase every year. Atlantic Gulf and Pacific Co. OF MANILA ENGINEERS MANUFACTURERS CONTRACTORS 71-77 Muelle de la Industria MANILA, P. I. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 16 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 “Sutter’s Gold!” The Fatal Cry of ’49 “It was the middle of the month of January, 1848. Mr. Marshall of New Jersey, my car penter, was at work for me on my mills. He was working on a new saw-pit at Coloma, in the mountains, about eighteen hours’ journey from the fort. When the framework was finish ed, I sent up Mr. Wimmer and bis family, with some workmen. Mr. Bennet, of Oregon, went with them to superintend the haulage and to see to the installation of the machinery. Madame Wimmer was to cook for the outfit. I needed a saw-mill, as I was short of lumber for my big steam-mill, which was still under construction at Brighton. The boiler and machinery had just arrived after eighteen months’ journey. God be thanked, never would I have believed such an enterprise possible, and the oxen all in good condition, praise be! I also needed lumber to finish the palisade at the village of Yerba Buena, at the bottom of the bay, for there were a great many ships there now, and the crews were turbulent and thieving, and beasts and merchandise had a way of disappearing, no one knows how. “It was a rainy afternoon. I was sitting in my room at the fort writing a long letter to an old friend of mine at Lucerne. Sud denly Mr. Marshall burst into the room. He was soaking wet. I was very much surprised to see him, for I had just sent a wagon to Coloma loaded with provisions and iron work. He told me that he had something of the utmost impor tance to tell me, that he wanted to speak to me in private, and begged me to take him to some isolated place where no one could possibly over hear us. We went up to the next floor, and, although there was no one else in the house except the bookkeeper, he insisted so strongly that we locked ourselves into a room. I came down again to get Marshall something he wanted (I believe it was a glass of water). When I came back I forgot to turn the key in the lock. Marshall had just pulled a piece of cotton from his pocket and was showing me a lump of yellow ish metal that had been wrapped up in it when my bookkeeper came into the room to ask me some question or other. Marshall slipped the metal into his pocket at once. The bookkeeper excused himself for interrupting us and left the room. ‘My God! didn’t I tell you to lock the door?’ cried Marshall. He was in a terrible state of excitement, and I had all the trouble in the world to quiet him and to convince him that the bookkeeper had come in on his own business and not to spy on us. This time we bolted the door and even pushed a wardrobe against it. Marshall again took out the metal. There were several small grains of about four ounces weight. He told me that he had told the workmen that this was gold, but that they had all laughed at him and treated him like an idiot. I tested the metal with nitromuriatic acid. Then I read a long article on gold in the ‘Encyclo pedia Americana.’ I told Marshall then that his mental was pure gold in the virgin state. “At these words the poor fellow began to act like a madman. He wanted to leave at once for Coloma on horseback. He pleaded with me to accpmpany him there forthwith. I begged him to observe that evening was already closing in and that it would be far safer for him to pass the night at the fort. I promised to go with him the next morning. But he refused to listen and rode off at full gallop, crying: ‘Come to-morrow—to-morrow early.' It was raining in torrents and he had not tasted a bite. “Night fell quickly and I re-entered my room. This discovery of gold in the torrent did not leave me indifferent. But I took it quietly, as I have taken all the good and bad luck that has happened to me in my life. Never theless, I was unable to sleep all night. My imagination showed me all the terrible con sequences and fatal results the discovery might have for me. Yet I was far from dreaming that it would mean the ruin of my beloved New Helvetia! Next morning I left full orders for the day’s work with my numerous gangs of workers and at seven o’clock left for the mill site accompanied by a few soldiers and a cowboy. “We were midway up the zigzag path that leads to Colotna when we came across a rider less horse. A little higher up Marshall came out of the trees. He had been stopped by the storm and could not continue his way. He was half distraught and nearly dead of hunger. His excitement of yesterday was still upon him. “We rode on and arrived at last at the new El Dorado. The clouds had cleared somewhat. In the evening we made a little trip along the banks of the canal, which was swollen to its brim from the heavy rains. I closed the sluice gates. Immediately the bed emptied and we set ourselves to look for gold in its bottom. We found several traces, while Mr. Marshall and the workmen handed me some small nug gets. I told them that I would have a ring made from these in California as soon as possible. As a matter of fact, I did, later, have a signet ring made from them. Not having any armorial bearings, I had my father’s trade-mark, a phoenix in flames, engraved on the face, and upon the inside this inscription: “ ‘First gold—Discovered in January 1848,’-— Three bishop’s crosiers followed, the cross of Basle and my name: SUTTER. “The next day I surveyed Coloma thoroughly, taking good note of its situation and configu ration. Then I called together all my workers. I told the men that it would be necessary to keep the matter secret for five or six weeks, the time necessary to finish the construction of my saw-mill, on which I had already spent $24,000. When they had given ine their word of honor, I returned home. I was depressed and could see no way out of the trouble which this accursed discovery was sure to make for me. Such a thing could not remain a secret long. Of that I felt certain. “And so it happened. Barely two weeks later I sent one of the white workmen to Coloma, with a load of provisions and tools. A few Indian boys accompanied him. Mme. Wimmer told him the entire story and her children gave him some nuggets. Immediately after his return this man betook himself to one of the shops outside the limits of the fort. He ordered a bottle of whisky and tendered the gold which he had brought back from Coloma as payment. The proprietor (his name was Smith) asked if he took him for a Dingo Indian. The team ster referred him to me for corroboration. What could I say? I told Smith the story. His partner, Mr. Brannan, came to me at once and overwhelmed me with questions which I answer ed truthfully. He dashed out of the building without even taking time to close the door. That night Smith and he loaded all their goods on to two wagons, lifted a team from my corral, and left for Coloma. “Then my workers began to desert. “Soon I was alone at the fort with a few faithful mechanics and eight invalids. “My Mormons were the last to leave me, but, once the fever had got hold of them, they were just as bad as the rest. “An uninterrupted procession now went past my windows. Everyone who could walk climbed the hills from San Francisco and the coastwise hamlets. Shops, farm-houses, huts were closed and their tenants turned their faces toward Fort Sutter and Coloma. At Monterey and other towns of the south the rumor got about for a while that the whole thing was ‘a ruse of Sutter’s to get new colonists.’ The procession dwindled for a few days, only to begin again still thicker than before. As the fever swept the southern towns, they too emptied rapidly. My poor domain was overrun. “Misery now began for me. “The mills ceased to work. They were plun dered to the very mill stones. The tanneries were deserted. Sheets of leather went to green mold in the tanks and the untanned hides rotted away on the walls. My Indians and Kanakas disappeared with their wives and children. All were washing for gold, which they exchanged for liquor. My shepherds left their flocks on the hills, my field workers threw down their spades, there was no one to cut a head of cabbage in the truck-gardens In the byre prize cows, their udders full of milk, lowed piteously until they died. My very soldiers deserted. What was I to do? My men came to me. They implored me to go to Coloma, to become a gold-seeker with them. My God! how I loathed it! But I consented at last. There was nothing else left for me to do. “I loaded up several wagons with merchandise and provisions. Accompanied by a hundred Indians and about fifty Kanakas, I settled down to wash gold in a mountain camp on the banks of the torrent which is called Sutter’s creek to this day. “Things went pretty well at the start. But soon a horde of worthless adventurers descended on us. They set up distilleries; they made friends with my men. I struck camp and went still higher up the mountain. Useless precaution! That accursed swarm of distillers followed us everywhere. For my poor Indians and Kanakas the taste of this new joy was irresistible. Soon all were incapable of the slightest work. For three days out of the four they sprawled on the ground, dead drunk. “From the mountain top I could see the immense territory which I had cleared and fertilized given over to fire and pillage. At night the low roar of men on the march came up to us from the west, punctuated with rifle shots. At the end of the bay I watched a vast unknown city arising as though from the ground and spreading visibly each day. The bay was black with vessels. “I gave in. “I went down to the fort. I discharged a handful of men who had not been willing to come with me. I voided all the contracts and paid every bill.” ONLY 26% VOTE IN JAPAN Japan’s recent prefectural election, which indicates no wide changes in the political lineup of the major parties, is receiving deep study for the causes underlying the lack of interest disclosed by participation by not more than 26 per cent of the registered voters. Great enthusiasm had been expected on the part of the 9,000,000 newly enfranchised people. Undoubtedly the fact that this was a bye election offers part of the explanation. But a more powerful consideration in the voters’ mental attitude lies in the truth that the Jap anese people are not yet accustomed to govern ing themselves. Neither political activities nor labor-union progress shows that they have entirely caught the spirit of western participation with leader ship from their own ranks. Lack of leadership is one phenomenon of Japanese democracy today. Probably Japan is still too close to feudalism, which was abolished in 1870, when the vast majority of the people were still serfs, accus tomed to look to overlords for rulership. More over, despite the unrest which exists in Japan today, there are now and always have been two classes whose inactivity makes for quietness— those satisfied with existing conditions and those who trust that help for their wrongs will be given in due time by the authorities. Few lawyers won in the recent election. Farm ers headed the list of victors with 480, mer chants and manufacturers next with 260, clerks 120, brewers 106, physicians and druggists 94, lawyers 77 and journalists 41. All twenty eight of the proletarians elected are graduates of colleges or universities. 1‘nul It. Wright in the "Chicago Daily News.” December, 1927 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 17 I) I COMBINE THE USE OF “SHELL MOTOR OILS” WITH “SHELL GASOLINE” FOR SPEED, SAFETY, AND SATISFACTION SINGLE SHELL (LIGHT BODY) For your Ford Car or Ford Truck DOUBLE SHELL (MEDIUM BODY) For your Auburn or—Buick,—Cadillac, Chalmers, Chandler, Chevrolet, Citroen, —Dodge,—Essex,-—Gray,—Haynes, Hudson, Hupmobile,—Jewett,—Lincoln, Loco mobile,—Mannon, Maxwell, Minerva, Moon, Morris,—Nash,—Oakland, Olds mobile, Overland,—Packard, Paige, Pierce-Arrow—Renault, Reo, Rickenbacker,— Scripps-Booth, Standard, Studebaker, Stutz,—Willys-Knight, Wolseley touring car(s). 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GOLDEN SHELL (EXTRA HEAVY BODY) If you own a Morgan, or Rover touring car, a Vulcan Truck or a motorcycle S-H-E-L-L G-E-A-R O-I-L FOR TRANSMISSION AND BACK AXLE The Asiatic Petroleum Company (P. I.), Ltd. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 18 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 192 (.Continued from paste /_’) is a question whether they mean enough; for they certainly do not afford the market that they might. Fertilization of cane has been introduced upon the plantations, and with remarkable results. To Mindoro, the only moderately successful pioneer, we may perhaps look for the origin of this practice, but when Lee was here before it was his principal work to extend it H. Atherton Lee. Back from Hawaii and welcomed of 18 months, and Java takes 220 per hectare. To equal Hawaii the Philippines must have almost three hectares to her one, and a little more to equal Java. Few if any Philippine plantations reach this general average, let alone exceeding it materially, as many Hawaiian and Javan plantations must. The question arises, if Filipinos work well enough and intelligently enough in Hawaii to bring about these yields, why can not they be ap proximated in the Philippines. No doubt they will be, in the fullness of time, but America likes to hustle along and she may become im patient—waiting for Philippine planters to doff old methods and adopt new ones. The solution is of course to be found by the experts, and for that reason it would be well to turn over the La Granja experimental station to the sugar association, since everything could then be undertaken on the plantation scale It makes no difference, in deciding about La Granja, what the bureau of agriculture has been able to do there. Possibly it has done very well, the reports look as if it has. But it doesn have the liaison connection with the plante s which the association enjoys, the planters beir. -. a part of the association. If the association were given charge of La Granja, or such of it i is not let out under leases, the bureau of agr ■ culture could do no less for the sugar industF and other farm industries than it does now, t < devoting more attention to animal husbandr and the eradication of animal diseases. K7 reflection on the bureau or its work is made < implied. But here is an industry with i own experts, and able to employ more of the if required. Its problems all concern plantatic methods, in all other branches it is on the hig\ road to rich rewards. And it could take I Granja, run it as a practical plantation proiec on the returns from the crops, and demonstra to one planter after another that plantations in these islands can be made prosperous on the cash-wage system. In our sugar Industry, of experimental Sugar Association. He becomes director work for the throughout Negros, where yields per hectare doubled. But they doubled from a figure far too low; and larger as they now are, they are still too low. Hawaii takes 200 piculs of sugar from a hectare per year, with a growing period TOBACCO REVIEW By P. A. Meyer Alhambra Cigar and Cigarette Manufacturing Co. Raw Leaf: In view of the inferior quality of this year’s crop the big Manila factories have stopped their buy ing activities in Ca gayan and Isabela. Most of the quantities that are yet in the hands of the farmers is being bought up at low prices by Chinese dealers and exporters for speculative pur poses. Export ship ments during November maintained a satisfactory volume. Contracts for American wrapper leaf in considerable quantities have been concluded by local factories. November shipments were as follows: Leaf Tobacco and Scrap Kilos Algeria................................................... 20,880 China..................................................... 7,773 Hongkong.............................................. 22,068 Japan..................................................... 514,383 North Atlantic (Europe)................ 130,953 Spain...................................................... 1,716,858 United States...................................... 45,207 Total exports, leaf.................... 2,458,122 Cigars: Unfavorable circumstances con tinue to adversely affect the Manila cigar trade in the United States market. Comparative figures are as follows: November 1927.............................. 16,378,266 October 1927.............................. 17,972,202 November 1926.............................. 17,506,448 Can You Afford Less Protection Than This? | . ‘ 11' The GF Allsteel Safe gives you maximum protection for your business records. It has passed the most severe fire and fall tests of the Underwriters’ Laboratories and has j ’! won their Class A Label—the highest award for fire pro- i ’■ tection. Once destroyed, your records cannot be replaced. J * The cost of this GF Allsteel Safe is extremely low com- ' pared to the protection it affords. Come in and see this safe. It is made in a wide range of sizes to meet every i business need. The Complete Line of Office Equipment H. E. HEACOCK CO. OFFICE EQUIPMENT DEPT. —-Ji IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 19 This can’t be theorized about, the planters /on’t heed; it must be shown them on the books. ■Convincing them seems, at least to the layman, he one big handicap of the sugar industry left o overcome. No government bureau can do his, and while it will eventually be done in any rase, La Granja in the hands of the sugar as sociation would expedite it amazingly. It night be said that the association could choose mother site, but the same argument applies to :he contrary side: for merely breeding and ’rowing cane experimentally, La Granja isn’t leeded, but it is excellently situated for a demon stration plantation and would yield the income :o support the project. Besides, it is what the association wants, and the industry means enough to the islands to justify an act gratifying ts often-expressed desire. It is not proposed to say that progressive planters are lacking in the Philippines. There are some, possibly many, in the cane-growing business. But they do not predominate, nor do they dominate. Their backward colleagues are the ones who bring down the average yields. This conservative majority of the planters exploit their labor, not their land; and the la borer gets cunning about it and it becomes a case of cheating all round. It is these con servatives who are to be convinced that there is a better way of doing business than by keeping indentured labor. The practice really delivers into the hands of the lowest intelligence on the plantation the management of the plantation. It is common in the Philippines to bargain with one’s tenants to grow fields of cane on the share basis, a share for the landowner, another for the enant; and a big plantation is dotted all over with these tenants, who are kept alive—on a scale of living more wretched than that of oldtime Louisiana slaves—until the crop is taken off. Then the score is reckoned between land lord and tenant, and perhaps the crop is insuf ficient to cover the tenant’s debts. But stoically he keeps on from year to year, a Normandy fatalist awaiting the stroke of fortune at the sound of the Angelus. Despair at last con sumes him, he lives too much with God and knows too little of nature and simple arithmetic. It becomes his settled conviction that the planter habitually cheats him, which is some times the case. Cash is quite tangible and exact, so much for so much; but farm measures, cane weights, recoveries and long lists of mill figures are abstruse intangibles to the simple mind. The tenant, then, does not seek his rewards in the field, where he should seldom find them, but frequents the cockpit and the fiesta—where excitement and occasional win nings are to be had. In any case he is always assured of a living, for the landlord keeps him on to work out his debt; and the debt is used as the means of keeping him. It is vain to suggest betterments to such a man. for they are not really betterments to him. In banner years Hawaiian workmen get fat bonuses over and above their wages, but Philippine workmen never. Under the pi esent system the latter hns no hope, no incentive; and his real interest lies in shirking his tasks, not in exerting himself to the utmost, since he will have his living anyway, and any way he will never have more. As he is hopeless of lifting himself from the ruck, and indeed is not ex pected to do so, likewise be is thriftless. But that he has a fund of goodwill in him and would, under circumstances making it his advantage, do much better than he does now, is seen in the fact that the yields do average 70 piculs—not half of that or less. He is now, however, not a workman in the current sense of the word at all, he is what his fathers were before him, a retainer, or a pensioner. It is such plantations that are so efficiently served by the new centrals, the first yield-increasing inno/ation adopted. And such farms can never be plowed in season, planted in season or cultivated in season. Methods will always be haphazard, yields always low. But the farmers persisting in these methods are the same farmers who adopted fertilization, seeing it paid them, and who, seeing it paid them too, dismantled their muscovado mills and signed up with the centrals. They will, when they are shown that it will pay them, take the final step in the way of progress, discard feudalism and make themselves more the genuine masters The Philippine Guaranty Company, Incorporated (Accepted by all the Bureaus of the Insular Government) Executes bonds of all kinds for Customs, Immigration and Internal Revenue. DOCUMENTS SURETYSHIPS For Executors, Administrators, Receivers, Guardians, etc. We also write Fire and Marine Insurance Low rates iberal conditions ocal investments oans on real estate repayable by monthly or quarterly instal ments at low interest Call or write for particulars Room 403, Filipinas Bldg. P. O. Box 128 Manila, P. I. Mgr’s. Tel. 2211 Main Office Tel. 441 cf their lands by means of the cash box and the Saturday pay-off. Not the lowest intelligence, but the highest available, is the one to say when and how to plow, what and when to plant, and when and how to cultivate the fields. The time is ripe for the change, and until it comes the islands will be deliberately inviting tariff discrimination. The one outcome or the other may be confidently anticipated. It is always to be remembered that the United States has only moral obligations to territories. Her at titude need only be governed by expediency, and what she can legally do with them is pos itively appalling. cJMamla Cigars to smokers Give profits to dealers “HAND-MADE LCNG FILLER” is just the reason why MANILA CIGARS have a distinction all their own. They burn evenly and draw freely because they are made carefully by hand with long fillers of properly fermented tobacco. MANILA CIGARS are MILD, have a wonderfully satisfying flavor pleasing to the most exacting taste—the qualities obtainable only from selected tobacco grown in the Cagayan Valley where the soil gets natural fertilization annually by the overflowing of the Cagayan River. Made by cigarmakers trained in the art of cigar making and possessing excellent workmanship, MANILA CIGARS are of various sizes and of dependable brands, from Class A to Class E. With quality as a basis, MANILA CIGARS challenge comparison, price per price, anywhere. This is why there is money in them for the dealers. LIST OF DISTRIBUTORS FURNISHED ON REQUEST Address : CHARLES A. BOND Philippine Tobacco Agent 15 William Street, New York City, U.S.A. THE COLLECTOR OF INTERNAL REVENUE MANILA, P . I . IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 20 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 ‘ In the year of the Redemption 1647 there lived in the town of Santa Ana de Sapa—a town by the way much older than Tondo or its trib utary barangay of Manila—a stocky native to whose surname of Lacantangan was prefixed the Christian one of Tomas. Now Tomas Lacantangan, although a scion of the old family of that name, the raja of which was once lord of Sapa, Singalong' and Pasay, was singularly unambitious. The owner of extensive rice fields, opulent fisheries, bamboo groves and mango orchards, life passed for him rather happily. Sent at an early age to serve in the convents of Manila for what passed as an educa tion in those days, he possessed a remarkably thick head and was more given to games of chance and inopportune siestas than either churchly or clerkly ability. Returning to Santa Ana after a year’s futile apprenticeship, he suddenly married a portly dalaga of that town, who soon endowed him with a family of daughters as portly and buxon as herself. As for Tomas, he was content to receive his annual rents in kind, scrupulously attend the masses and fiestas of the Church, gamble inter mittently on his fighting cocks, and eat the good things prepared for him by his wife and family. Give Her the Gun and Your Load is Lifted! “Brown” Hoists Lift Best and Lift Everything. Get a “Brown” Hoist on the Job. MACHINERY DEP’T. Macleod and Company 159 M. de Comillas P. O. Box 2498 Manila, P. I. In a word, he was content with what the Lord had given him. Fame, glory and ambition he left to others, being content himself to bloom unseen and unsung—to others an existence strangely monotonous, but to Tomas the real thing for a cabeza de barangay in 1647. This trait of self-effacement was not shared, however, by his wife Kikay, who, as was the custom, looked after the collecting of rents and supervised her kitchen, and had little to do with the spending of the family funds, this being the peculiar prerogative of Tomas himself. With a large family of budding daughters, it was Kikay’s natural ambition to see them married off, if not happily, at least to those who possessed happiness in the form of worldly goods, a normal viewpoint of those who have passed the flush of youth. The speechless bagontaos of Mandaluyon and Pasig were to be encouraged to pay their suit, an open house was necessary to this, and as an open house costs money Tomas was for the moment against it as a prime attraction. Their dwelling place was a rambling structure on posts, with nipa roof and woven bamboo walls. Around and about it clustered similar smaller replicas, the homes of their retainers and tenants as per patriarchal custom, over which waved clumps of graceful bamboo and the umbrageous canopy of the huge mango. All this was set close to the calle real of the day—the river Pasig. As time passed, Tomas became wealthy, not in actual hoards of tostons and pesos which would have proved a dangerous lure, but in increasing herds of carabao and livestock, bounti ful rice crops and prolific fisheries—the surplus from those going, as is the time-honored custom, to acquire more lands, fisheries and orchards. In spite of his increasing wealth, Tomas refused to change his style of living, his house or his customs. There was no urge to do so beyond the vague longings of his better-half. As an Indio in good standing, he rode his fiery pony into Manila at stated intervals to view the fiestas and processions of the metropolis, paid his tribute, and, as a good Christian, added his parish dues to the coffers of Fray Francisco, the cura of the church at Santa Ana, dedicated to Nuestra SefSora de los Desamparados— Our Lady of the Unfortunate,-—to whose shrine a governor general once presented his cane of office. On these occasions Tomas always wore his silver-mounted salacot, as became a cabeza de barangay, even as his Malay forefathers had done. If he wanted a feast, he had everything to hand, meat, wine, fish, rice and fruit from his own stores, clothes of sinamay and piHa cloth from the Laguna traders. Music was supplied by his retainers, and for guests he had his neigh bors from Pasig, Quiapo and Mandaluyon. Now the year 1647 was an especially abundant one, bumper harvests, immense catches of fish and piles of fruit to be had for the picking, much of which he was forced to sell in Manila, a town always hungry and in need of such essentials. Behind the house of Tomas was, of course, a garden, and in it grew the largest squashes, or calabasas, the worthy people of Santa Ana de Sapa bad ever seen. Never had such mon strous squashes been viewed before as those of Tomas in the year 1647. They became famous for size, color and flavor. As the owner had not sought fame, it came of itself to him. The good friar of the parish came, saw and admired, a cart-load was sent to the convent, and the calabasas were the envy of all of Tomas’s less lucky neighbors. The most gigantic of the squashes remained on its vine, the grandfather of all the opos, as the Tagalogs call them. Over four feet long, of a dark smooth green striped with lighter emerald shades, it was really too good to mix with the daily stews; and Tomas, removing his salacot, scratched his bullet-head. Then he had an idea! Such a magnificent calabasa was worthy to be presented to the governor general as a sample of what the l31es of Philip could produce. And he made up his mind to send this as a regalo, a Christmas gift, to those in the seats of the mighty, little imagining, poor man, that this was to be his undoing. Now at this time His Most Catholic Majesty’s governor for the Philippines was Don Diego DISPLAY ROOMS 477 MABINI FALCON - KNIGHT SALES COMPANY - IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL , December, 1927 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 21 Fajardo y Chacon, a gloomy misanthrope of stern demeanor who held the office in name but who kept himself shut up in his palace on the Plaza de Armas, leaving the entire administration in the hands of his favorite valet, Don Eustaquio Venegas, as governor in fact. This worthy, holding power without responsibility, ruled Manila with a grip of iron for seven long years, under which the city suffered a tyranny of blood and tears, to quote the old historians. It was whispered that the valet practiced the black art on his master. His chief desire was to amass wealth in every form, by all means, fair or foul; he was one of those acquisitive indi viduals whose idea of enough is always a little more than they have got. With a subsidized military, the courts of justice obeying his orders, and the venal support of the under-world, Venegas affected the style of a Nero, sentencing to death, imprisoning and banishing all those who did not subscribe to his plans of aggrandize ment. Manila in 1647 was at its lowest ebb. Two years before, the great earthquake had crumbled the city into dust and ashes, and the mute ruins told of the indifference to build anew under a tyranny. Its caballeros had sunk to fearful sycophants. The royal erario, or treasury, had locks, it is true, but Venegas held the keys. In consequence, the citizens of Manila were reduced to the second grade of natives, timauas, literally masterless and homeless men, ground between the millstones of fear and exactions. In the suburbs, the labyrinths of tortuous calles and blind alleys abounded with the outcast and the mendicant. Plazas became depositaries for refuse, ownerless dogs, haggard cats, and ragged vagrants who preyed on all alike, and indifferently prowled or slept between the pillars of ruined palaces and sacred edifices. Stores and shops were closed on account of the unrest. Those who had wealth hid it, and those who had not, hastened to find out the hiding places. A quasi-famine was in evidence and one witty rascal argued that they all become vegetarians and eat grass like the celebrated king Nabucod, I Send for Catalogue I Ask for Prices Machinery Department Macleod and Company 159 M. de Comillas P. O. Box 2498 Manila, P. I. or Nebuchadnezzar, who cropped the herbage on all fours, according to Holy Writ. Suffice it to say that the coffers of Venegas were Overflowing amid all this misery. He affected the state of a grandee, with coaches and out-riders, and he even used the governor’s guard of halberdiers. With his ill-gotten wealth he constructed the finest palace ever seen in Manila, a palace later confiscated by the King, which afterward served as the official residence of all the governors from 1651 to 1863. The stone foundations facing the Ayuntamiento on Plaza McKinley are seen even today. Under this regime no man of wealth was safe from Quick Starting: Easy on the Purse Macleod International Engines Steady work is what a good engine must do. Our engines do it for others and will do it for you. Steady work means steady wear. Choice of the International engine is wise, because it has the Remov able Cylinder Sleeve and you can get all repair parts quickly. Venegas’s machinations, no woman from his desire, no property owner was brave enough to refuse him. Strange to say, the clergy for some unknown reason were utterly cowed, unable to represent to Governor Fajardo the true state of things, and Manila groaned under this atro cious tyranny—sudden death or mutilation being the answer to any disobedience of the remorseless decrees. His Majesty’s representative was, of course, utterly ignorant of what was passing. Guarded carefully, reports to him were garbled and signa tures obtained to the most cruel exactions. In 1651, however, the brave prior of the AugusIN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 22 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 tinians, Fray Geronimo, taking his fate in his hands, obtained admittance to Fajardo and in no gentle terms related the sufferings of the city, provinces and people. Once convinced, Fajardo had Venegas immediately arrested and put to the torture. He suffered this without a word, being under the influence of narcotics smuggled in to him by the Chinese. But he was nevertheless sentenced to death on sixty-one counts. Await ing the action of the king, abandoned by his so-called friends, he departed this life for another world. History is silent as to which of the two worlds he was sent to, but his body was buried from a bamboo litter carried by four cafres and interred in unconsecratcd ground. But in 1647 Don Eustaquio was at the height of his power, a fact that Tomas only knew from hearsay. Being the governor de facto if not de jure, very naturally the immense calabasa was due him as the most important personage in the islands. Tomas cut down the gigantic squash, and making a triangular opening at the top, drew out the pulp, and substituted in its place the newest of Mexican silver pesos. Fitting in the piece again and carefully wrapping it in a costly piece of China silk, he prepared to send it to the tyrant. In its present shape it was by far the most costly calabasa ever produced in the Philippines. Calling in his most intelligent tenant, named Crispulo, Tomas gave him the most explicit orders as to what he should do, and with three companion retainers dispatched this ambassador to make the presentation in the triple guise of an aguinaldo, a token of his esteem and a sample of what his land could produce in the way of squashes. On the eve of Navidad, or Christmas, 1647, Mang Crispulo and his companions duly arrived in Manila with the calabasa and sought the palace of Venegas. They came to the building pointed out to them by furtive directions of a terrified populace, a wide entrance whose folding doors were studded with star pointed bolts, and whose rounded archways of tufa stone were surmounted by a small statue of Santa Genoveva. The entresuelo and patio were crowded with the usual array of sycophants, rowdies and swashA little higher, but|—the most rskillful blend in cigarette history rri bucklers who acted as the spies and myrmidons of the tyrant. Guards in half-armor, merchants requesting a respite, heads of families with excuses, venal officials and traders swarmed on the staircases and in the salas. Masticating liberal chews of buyo, Crispulo and his men awaited their turn at court—scoffed at by the rabble, and uneasy under their adroit question ings. Presently they were ushered into the room of the tyrant, Venegas, a thin scrawny man with a saturnine countenance. He sat in a dark alcove surrounded by his court, above which a glimmering light was set before Our Lady of Sor rows. The walls held votive shields and studious ly arrayed panoplies. On a long table were set the gifts of the day: pieces of gold, squat sacks of money, caskets of jewels wrung from their owners, and chests of raiment and silks, taken as guarantees. There were goggle-eyed Chinese monsters with mouths awry and twisted limbs, the invention of a people grown weary of the monotony of the human form, who found pleasure and relief in grotesque design and bizarre ugliness. These curious carved objects in ivory, jade, and tortoise-shell were general additions to the holiday loot. Crispulo advanced timidly and repeated the message of his master, interpreted by a swarthy Spaniard. After kissing the foot of the tyrant he withdrew the covering and deposited the gift GORDON’S DRY GIN THE HEART OF EVERY GOOD COCKTAIL KUENZLE & STREIFF, Inc. 343 T. PINPIN PHONE 113 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 23 in front of Venegas. The blood mounted to the cheek of the latter in violent rage at the sight of the plebeian gift. What! Was a mere squash to be sent him whose tribute was the wealth of the city? He gave a harsh order to a whiskered captain to remove both gift and giver, the first was to be thrown into the patio, and the second to receive ten lashes for his presumption. The tone demanded a strict compliance, and the captain did exactly as he was commanded to do. Crispulo and his companions were thrown face down in the patio and the required number of lashes administered correctly by a burly Pampangan. The giant calabasa was thrown with a vast heave onto the stones of the patio and a shining stream of Mexican silver gushed out before the avaricious eyes of the crowd. These were sternly allowed to feast their eyes, but not their hands, by the armed guards. The glittering treasure nearly filled a sack, and was borne by the captain into the presence of Venegas, to whom he related the circumstance, the punishment and the discovery that it was no ordinary squash. At his story the saturnine features of the tyrant relaxed. As a recompense to Crispulo he was given ten of the pesos he had so faithfully conveyed, and to the donor an aguinaldo was made in the form of an elegant suit of Spanish clothes, looted from a convenient chest, but none the less gaudy and valuable for all that. This was sent to Tomas with the assurance of the gracious favor of the tyrant himself, and an inward vow that no Indio was supposed to possess money, and if so he was a legitimate source to be levied upon. Dismissed with smarting limbs, Crispulo and his retainers made all haste with their gifts to their banca. Paddling up the muddy Pasig, they arrived at Santa Ana that same evening. Their misadventures were forgotten, once the aguinaldo of Venegas was displayed in all its elegance. First came a pair of shorts of maroon satin, slashed so as to show the orange inser tions beneath, a pair of hose of a bottle green, and a sort of jupon with a hanging cloak of purple decorated with broad ga!6n. A pair of half-boots of Cordovan leather and a heavy felt hat with a sweeping feather of black and yellow completed the ensemble—truly a most magnificent aguinaldo to the eyes of Tomas and the assembled rustics. Amid the excited cries of his family and retainers, Tomas at last consented to array him self, if not in borrowed plumes, at least plumes that had been borrowed for him; but of this circumstance Tomas, of course, knew nothing except that the highest personage in the land had seen fit to send him a fine Christmas gift with orders to wear it. This was a command, reasoned Kikay, and it was possible that Don Eustaquio might turn up any day to see if her spouse was wearing his gift. Besides, all obeyed the commands of Venegas without question, even the clergy. Viewing himself in the mirror bought in the Chinese Parian, the only luxury allowed the house of Lacantangan, Tomas was pleased with the favorable comment. He began to believe himself another personage. It is the same with actors and those thrust into high places, they unconsciously assume the character in conform ity with the habiliments. Tomas himself was not immune to this trait of human nature. The seeds of self-esteem began to sprout, the germs of ambition began to grow. The more he thought of it, the more he desired to outshine his neighbors. Even Fray Francisco was pleased with his action, though he did not say anything sbout the wearing of the elegant costume. The fact that no common Indio ever wore such a costume in those days of caste did not enter the mind of Tomas, for had he not been commanded to wear it by the tyrant himself? At this state ment nobody cared to register dissent, not even the gatherers of the tribute. Tomas had become an important personage and the consequent flattery had gone to his head. Of course, now he was so handsomely dressed and the center of a court of his curious neighbors, it was out of the question for him to sit on a wooden bench or eat at the lowly dulang. Nor Manila Cordage Co. P. O. Box 131 Manila, P. I. 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He set to work to construct a larger and more commodious house, partly built of tufa blocks from San Pedro Macati and partly from the fine woods in the mountains near San Mateo. His wife and daughters had also to be dressed finely so as to keep him in countenance. Tailors and dressmakers came with the Chinese mercaderos of the Parian. Fearing to soil his magni ficent clothes, the horses were discarded for a coach made in Manila, slung on broad leather straps, the springs of that springless age. Coach men and stables had to be provided, and his retainers clad in some sort of a livery. No longer could he mingle familiarly with his nakikisama in the fields, but a foreman was engaged, who made it his business to see that Tomas got as much as a third of his usual rents. Applica tion was made and granted him to use the prefix don in front of his name, for which a handsome price was extorted. Thus the whole order of the world in which Don Tomas had previously lived was entirely transformed by his Christmas gift—a gift that had to be lived up to in those far-off days. The house grew in size. It was the most pre tentious building in Santa Ana, if we except the church and convent of Fray Francisco. Furniture, paintings and conveniences were rafted up the Pasig, and Chinese carpenters and craftsmen took the place of his old-time workers. And all this luxury cost money. No longer were his crops sufficient to provide this amount of overhead. Don Tomas became a debtor instead of a creditor, a borrower instead of a lender, and his properties gradually became encumbered with liens and mortgages which at the usual rates were scandalous in the way they increased his self-imposed burden. To keep in style he kept open house and life became a continuous fiesta over which Don Tomas presided in all his Castilian finery. Then there were’ cooks to be hired for the kitchen, coachmen for his equipages which rocked over the rutty roads to the capital, and gardeners, even horticulturists who despised such plebeian things as the calabasa, the cause of all this revolution in regime. No longer did Kikay bother about the kitchen, she and her flock were more interested in the fine things brought by the Chinese; and a hired teacher, the town sacris tan, laboriously taught them the mysteries of the alphabet. Venegas sent at stated intervals his agents for a loan, which had to be forthcoming, and these forced contributions to favor soon lowered Don Tomas’s fortune to its lowest ebb. Once on the ladder of ambition, keeping up style, he could never retrograde; he had to keep on climbing, no matter where it led to. Came the day when he was stripped completely. All he had left was the name of being a landowner, his styles in clothes and a forgetfulness of results. Came the day also, when the tyrant Venegas was hurled down from his high place to the dungeons of the Audiencia. To the Indio this was a reversal of all that should be, a general injustice in which he himself was a sufferer, from choice. Unable to meet his creditors, they had him dispossessed and took over his fields, fisheries, orchards and the grand house built for the suit of clothes got in exchange for the calabasa. But his very wardrobe disappeared, together with his furniture, horses and equipages, until all he had left was a small parcel of land and a nipa house in Pasay. Thrown down from his high position, he was little better off than Vene gas, except that he enjoyed liberty. Unable to come down the ladder of ambition, fate had pulled it from under him. With his saddened family he was in a bad plight indeed, for none desired daughters without a dowry. In Tagalog Don Tomas was linusao, cleaned out, and in the station of his lowest tenant of the time of his prosperity. He was thus reduced to the meanest of cir cumstances, a fact that philosophers tell us is not without joy for others. And his neighbors were no exceptions to the rule, although they still clung to the mushroom salacot and the barong Tagalog, leaving Spanish finery severely alone. Crispulo, long emancipated from his tenant status, had now a small farm of his own. He did not forget how he had suffered the ten lashes vicariously for Don Tomas. He too had his trellis, over which grew calabasas in pro fusion, and he decided he would present the largest to his former patron as an aguinaldo that year. On the eve of Navidad he chose the finest and took it over to the humble dwelling of the once proud and now miserable Don Tomas. After the usual greetings, he laid the appar ently heavy squash on the bamboo floor. The light of anticipation came into the somber eyes of Tomas. He beckoned to Kikay and gave her some instructions. She returned with tile famous suit of finery, now faded and be draggled but retaining enough of its pristine elegance to make it a return for the gift of Cris pulo. This he presented to the latter with a lordly gesture, who withdrew with it as a souve nir of the occasion. The family gathered round the calabasa expectantly. Did they hope it was full of treasure? Quien sabe? Seizing a bolo, Don Tomas divided it neatly and effect ively, but no silver stream followed the stroke. It was merely a large squash fit for the kitchen. The New SERVEL^^A Better Value—Easy to Own Before you decide on your electric refrigerator—in all fairness to yourself—see these new steel cabinet models produced by SERVEL. You will delight in SERVEL’S graceful lines—simplicity of design—and greater beauty inside and out. You will marvel at its Perfected Duplex Machine. SERVEL uses the coldest refrigerant—hence the most efficient in household use. Come in and see it demonstrated. You can buy a SERVEL on terms that will fit your family budget and maintain it cheaper than you can buy your ice supply. BACHRACH MOTOR CO. PORT AREA PHONE 2-15-44 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 25 TOE FAMILY OF TE3E- MANHILA EDAHLY BULLETIN IN RESPONDING TO AVDERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 26 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 ' EARLY FRANCISCANS DISCOVER LOS BANOS Returning in the year 1590 from his regular visit to the provincial missions, San Pedro Bautista discovered the hot springs of Mount Maquiling, situated on the southern coast of la Laguna de Bay. Our sainted prelate Fray Pedro Bautista, always charitable and jealous in behalf of the spiritual and temporal well being of his brothers, appreciating at its just value such a happy discovery, toward the end of that very' year ordered the venerable lay brother Fray Francisco de Gata to be taken to the springs, and that he. Fray San Pedro, should be informed of the results. But though the journey had some effect, its object was not accomplished because Fray Francisco was too gravely ill and found himself compelled to return to Manila, where he died. With the same object of restoring his health, the lay brother Fray Diego de Santa Maria was sent to the springs in 1593 by our provincial, Fray Pablo de Jesus. Analyzing the waters and finding them medicinal, with the consent of his prelate, Fray Diego de Santa Maria abode at the springs for years, curing all the sick who pre sented themselves. Upon this, this apostolic province resolved to found a hospital. Obtain ing the permission of the Illustrious cabildo July 29, 1602, and of the Superior Government October 13 the same year, the province con structed a hospital of nipa dedicated to the Purisima Concepcion, under the title of Nuestra Senora de Aguas Santas—Our Lady of the Bless ed Waters. In the year 1608 the principales of the pueblo of Bay ceded to the hospital the land lying between the mouth of the Dampalit river and the Quinacapatlan, and in 1610 the village of Pila ceded the lands of Jalajala, as we have noted in the description of Jalajala, and with the products of these lands and the gifts of the faithful, a spacious and strongly built hos pital was constructed of stone, with a church and monastery. With great benefit to suffering humanity this hospital continued in operation until 1640, at which time Sr. D. Sebastian Hurtado de Corcuera deprived our order of its administration and the hospital began to decline—until the year 1676, when it was the victim of flames through the carelessness of a servant of a Span iard. Thus was such a useful remedy abandoned —Fray Felix <le Huerta. Savings Top Thirty Million: Five Million Increase The Journal has compiled confidential figures from five banks out of the seven in Manila having savings departments, and finds the total savings deposits in these five banks were 1 * 30,897,177.43 on October 31. New accounts book ed during the year and active on October 31 numbered 11,920. The combined balance in favor of these accounts was 1’4,656,234.72, approximately 1’5,000,000, and the average balance in favor of each account was 1’390.63. Two other banks in Manila operate savings departments. & When you put a little money into your time deposit, it may not seem like much. But it grows surprisingly fast. Periodically the inter est is credited, the deposit becomes a respect able amount. How many opportunities has one seen come along, of which advantage could be taken if one had but a few thousand pesos. This initial capital can easily and readily be saved. $ One constant opportunity is life insurance, which a chap writing in the October Atlantic calls the modern religion, a very apt term for it. Early in life he found that increasing deafness would one day cut off his earning power, his effi ciency depending upon his hearing; and so, while he could still earn a liberal salary, he purchased IF YOU ARE CARELESS Mr. Julian Wolfson, P. O. Box 450, Manila, wants the January 1927 number of the Journal to complete his files for binding. If you are careless about such things and don’t keep up your files, please dig down into your old copies and send this one to Mr. Wolfson. an ample annuity. He has made his last pay ment, the trust he placed in a reliable insurance company gives him independence during the remainder of his days—let fate do her worst. Nor need one go deaf to enjoy an annuity. He may better go traveling, living where he will. This suggests a thought about the cheapness of living in many delightful places, such as places in Europe. Any youngish man in reasonable circumstances can assure himself leisure and pleasure in his declining years through the medium of the endowment policy. He has a family, but they grow up with time and go off with spouses: he and the children’s mother are left, and the endowment is their refuge, a hun dred times better than living around with the children. A family of seven children is known, and each of them has a good home where their mother, now a widow, would always be welcome. There is nothing but love in this family, toward mother and toward one another. Well, she has tried it, and it doesn’t work. Blessing be, she doesn’t have to make it work. She has purchased a cottage she likes, in a town she likes, where she lives as she likes. That’s what adequate savings and insurance do for age. &J There’s a character in the Bible called the (und-is an asset to any TotheWidow-MAJ^ ... r SS3SS&? PWfiafls i to You INSURANCE The Manufacturers Life Insurance Co. E. E. ELSER, General Agent 405 Kneedler Building, Manila P. O. Box 598 Phone 2-24-29 The West Coast Lite Insurance Company o ff e r s A full line of modern life insur ance contracts designed to meet every need of business or personal protection. For particulars and quotations consult the Philippine Branch Office West Coast Life Insurance Co. Kneedler Building Manila, P. I. Telephone 664 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 27 American Asiatic Underwriters, Inc. GENERAL INSURANCE General Agents and Attorneys— United States Fire Insurance Co., of N. Y. Agricultural Ins. Co., of Watertown, N. Y. Hudson Insurance Company of New York The North River Insurance Company National Union Fire Ins. Co., of Pittsburg, Pa. National Union Indemnity Co., of Pittsburg, Pa. Asia Life Ins. Co., Inc., of Wilmington, Delaware China Bank Building Telephone Manila, P. I. 2-21-86 Preacher. He preached something scandalously and said all is vanity. After Lord Byron had had his fling with the gayest beauties of all the capitals of Europe, he agreed with the Preacher— all is vanity—and wrote, “I’ve sunned my heart in beauty’s eyes, I’ve felt my heart grow tender,” and then confessed in bitterness how he had somehow changed with the years and didn’t sun himself so often anymore. Once the Preacher thundered this out: “I returned and saw under the sun that the race is not to the swift, nor the battle to the strong, neither yet bread to the wise, nor yet favor to men of skill; but time and chance happeneth to them all.” Insurance had not then become a generally accepted moral precept, exercised in behalf of those to whom one is accountable. Chance happeneth to all. When man began to cogitate about this, instead of fearing it, he devised insurance. Then he invented the trust company, and the history of the oldest one in the United States, A Century of Banking in New York, of theFarmers’ and Trust Company, reads like a romance. The history of trusts parallels that of the coun try’s own. A business may be prosperous, with excellent prospects, but chance happeneth to all. While the sun is shining and the horizon clear, one can create a tru-t to take care of his insurance. If untoward chance happen later in his business and his creditors pounce upon his assets, they can’t touch this trust; and if the trust company itself fail, still the trust remains inviolate. In other words, the religious or moral character of insurance is recognized by the law itself. Pauperism is coming to be looked upon as worse than a crime, rather as a moral de reliction, and the world moves toward com pulsory insurance. The United States insured its army of four million men, the widespread pauperism which might otherwise have resulted from national mobilization could have reeked worse suffering than the enemy’s guns and gas— on the dependent at home. U/5 Children are rays of sunshine in the home, bill time speeds toward the period of their education. Insurance takes care of this domestic emer gency. On this page is the reproduction of a picture of three boys in a Manila family. They have a baby brother, too. The parents have four boys to educate, and the father has bought annuities to do it. As each boy reaches 18 years, the inception of the college period, he will have each quaiter-year a certain sum to help him through. It lias been deliberately arranged so that he will have to do something on his own account, but it guarantees his college education. Nothing is contingent. The father’s death prior to the maturity of the policies would not annul them, nor affect them in any way; except that if an accident were the cause of his death the annuities would all be doubled. The Atlantic contributor rightly deplores the usual manner in which one receives his insurance solicitor— an attitude entirely wrong. Insurance of all kinds is the apotheosis of civilization, and life insurance the benison of the gods. No respon sible solicitor wishes to overinsure anyone, the general situation in the Philippines is that men are underinsured. WHAT ABOUT BUILDING BONDS? A man owning a good lot wished to put a modern building on it. He sought capital for the project in small amounts, issued promissory notes and secured them by first mortgage on the entire property: interest eight per cent semi annually. He got 1’38,000, the necessary amount, in a very short time; and no single holding is more than 1’500, while most of them are 1’100 and 1’50. This information comes from a man who says the building is about half completed, but already leased to return around 18 per cent annually and liquidate the mortgage within the prescribed time. Is there a place in Manila for a building-bonds house? Make Your Money Work For You The Insular Life Assurance Co., Ltd. MANILA, P. I. The sooner you open your account, the sooner it will begin to work. Our Savings Accounts De partment is anxious to assist you. Do not worry about your time. We will give you quick and efficient service. Your time is gold and so is ours. 4^4% interest annually, added and com pounded quarterly Do your Banking by mail Our provincial customers are highly satisfied with our banking process and their deposits are mailed to us regularly. Won’t you be one of them? One Peso will open a Savings Account with us Write us for further particulars regarding Savings Accounts Philippine Trust Company Commercial and Savings Bank “The Good Service Bank” Tel. 2-12-55 Plaza Goiti, Manila P. O. Box 150 Low rates iberal conditions ocal investments oans on real estates repayable monthly instalments, at ow interest If a mindful man with a fixed salary dies, he will only leave a small saving to his family For about F31.00 annually our company guarantees the payment of Pl,000 to your wife or sons in case of death, or to the insured himself if he survives the policy. Call or write for particulars to: HOME OFFICE 4th Floor, Filipinas Bldg. Plaza Moraga, Manila, P. I. P. O. Box 128 C. S. SALMON 3rd Floor, Gaches Bldg. Escolta cor. T. Pinpin 115 P. O. Box 734, Manila V. SINGSON ENCARNACION, President J. McMICKING, Manager IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 28 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 SHIPPING REVIEW By II. M. CAVENDER General Agent, The Robet Dollar Company Since our last report the movement of cargo from the Philippines has increased somewhat in all directions, and compared with the cor responding period last year shows a slight gain. Exports to the Pacific Coast still continue in satisfactory volume, although there is now more than sufficient ton nage on the berth to handle all cargo offer ing to the Coast as well as to other points. Several shippers have reported a weaker tone in the Japan hemp market and the Pacific coast lumber market. However, there have been so many forward contracts made that this weak ness has not yet been felt in freight movements to those points. There has been no change in rates of any particular consequence, freights remaining firm in all directions. THE YOKOHAMA SPECIE BANK ■ LTD. -■ (ESTABLISHED 1880) HEAD OFFICE: YOKOHAMA, JAPAN Yen Capital (Paid Up) - - - - 100,000,000.00 Reserve Fund - . . . 96,500,000.00 Undivided Profits - 6,179,045.45 MANILA BRANCH 34 PLAZA CERVANTES, MANILA K. YABUKI Manager PHONE 1759—MANAGER PHONE 1758—GENERAL OFFICE The sugar season came in about two weeks later this year than last, but milling is now in full swing and a considerable movement of sugar started during the latter part of November for usual North Atlantic U. S. ports. This move ment will probably reach the peak point in February and March and every available ton of space will be filled until after that time. A preliminary survey indicates that the sugar crop for the season 1927-1928 will be almost the same, possibly just slightly larger than last season’s crop. There will undoubtedly be a wild last minute scramble for North Atlantic space, in which the less fortunate ones will find themselves unable to move their sugar until the peak has passed. Pacific coast sugar has not yet started to move and it will probably be the second half of December before the first of this sugar is afloat. Bulk oil shipments continue heavy to both the Pacific coast and the gulf, with tank space quite scarce. Steerage traffic to the Hawaiian Islands con tinues heavy, with all available transportation taken up. Owing to the heavy demand for these accommodations, the Dollar Steamship Line and American Mail Line have increased their steerage capacities by 200 berths, making the total 750 berths per steamer. Steerage traffic on the Northern route has been light, but advance Spring bookings show a big increase during the months of March, April and May and steamers will be booked to capacity. First class bookings for Spring sailings Trans Pacific continue very heavy, with European steamers already practically booked to capacity. During November a total of 1565 passengers, all classes, are reported to have departed from the Philippines (first figure represents cabin passengers, second figure steerage): To China and Japan 223-340; to Honolulu 0-839; to Pacific coast 54-56; to Singapore 46-2; to Europe and miscellaneous ports 5-0. Filipino emigra tion during the month decreased slightly as did that to the Pacific Coast. The comparison shows: Honolulu, October 871—November 839; Pacific coast, October 82—November 56. From statistics compiled by the Associated Steamship Lines there were exported from the Philippines during the month of October, 1927: To China and Japan ports 10,789 tons with 45 sailings, of which 5,364 tons were carried in American bottoms with 11 sailings; to Pacific coast for local delivery 25,105 tons with 13 sailings, of which 21,271 tons with 10 sailings were carried in American bottoms; to Pacific coast for transhipment 2,626 tons with 11 sailings, of which 2,325 tons were carried in American bottoms with 9 sailings; to Atlantic coast 24,041 tons with 13 sailings, of which 9,920 tons were carried in American bottoms with 4 sailings; to European ports 19,465 tons with 19 sailings, of which 161 tons with 2 sailings were carried in American bottoms; to Australian ports 1,423 tons with 5 sailings, of which American bottoms carried none; or a grand total of 83,449 tons with 106 sailings, of which American bottoms carried 39,041 tons with 36 sailings. The Java-Pacific Line inaugurated a Trans pacific Service with the sailing of the S. S. Bintang from Manila on November 24 direct for San Francisco. The present plan is for the steamers to load in the Dutch East Indies, thence Manila, sailing from Manila direct to either San Francisco or Los Angeles, making the Trans-Pacific voyage in about 26 days. On the return, they will proceed from San Fran cisco or Los Angeles, depending on at which port they first call, to Hongkong, thence Singapore and Java. It is expected that some of the steamers will carry passengers, but the local agents have no details as yet, nor have they been advised as to the name of the next steamer. The present schedule calls for a sailing every two months. SHIPPING PERSONALS D. W. Murphy, of the Shanghai firm of sur veyors, Eisler, Reeves and Murphy, arrived in Manila, November 30, aboard the American Mail Line steamer President Madison and departed four days later by the same liner. Mr. Murphy was on a combined pleasure and business trip. “Cap” Paul Ericksen, of the firm of Surveyors Morton and Ericksen, together with his wife and ’ small daughter, arrived i'n Manila, November 10, aboard the American Mail Line steamer Presi dent Grant. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 29 H. M. Cavender, general agent for the Robert Dollar Co., Manila, returned to his desk De cember 5 after a month’s absence to southern Philippine ports and Sandakan, British North Borneo. _ ______ E. W. Latie, general agent for the Columbia Pacific Shipping Co. at Manila, left Manila on a business trip to Hongkong aboard the American Mail Liner President Madison December 3. ________ G. P. Bradford, general agent for Swayne & Hoyt, Manila, left for Baguio about two weeks ago on a holiday. REAL ESTATE By P. D. Carman San Juan Heights Addition October and Novem ber show a decided in crease in the volume of sales over recent months and help mate rially to bring this year’s business within respect able distance of that of last year. The total to December 1st for 1926 was 1’12,038,591 and for 1927 1’10,594,620. October November 1927 1927 Sta. Cruz........................ I’ 181,515 1 * 235,007 Malate.............................. 192,114 55,627 Paco.................................. 336,573 52,160 Sampaloc......................... 79,814 85,396 Ermita.............................. 189,020 101,702 Tondo............................... 86,549 60,386 Sta. Ana.......................... 44,716 9,283 San Nicolas.................... 26,910 228,500 Binondo........................... 60,300 241,001 Quiapo.............................. 28,000 6,850 Intramuros...................... 80,500 54,304 Pandacan........................ 5,369 23,950 1’1,311,380 1’1,154,166 GERMANY LEARNS FROM CHINA —“Don’t sow. Plant.” This is the watch word of a new movement among German agri cultural experts, who have gone to primitive China for their new aid to bumper crops. The experts advocate that each seed should be planted, as is done in China, and to prove the feasibility of their suggestion in German agri culture they have been conducting two model farms in different parts of the country. Both farms have just issued their seasonal reports. The farm at Hohenhof, near Hagen, Westphalia, reports that with rye planted after Manila to New York via Suez and Europe See the Old World on your trip home. Stops of several days in many ports. You can travel through Europe and catch our boat for New York via Southampton, England, at Bremen. “The Most Interesting Trip In The World.” NORDDEUTSCHER LLOYD Zuellig & von Knobelsdorff Agents 90 Rosario, Manila Phone 22324 the Chinese fashion an average of 23 stalks sprang from each grain, while with wheat the average even reached 32 stalks. The report asserts that the ears of both rye and wheat thus planted grew double the size of grain sown either by hand or machinery. The report from the second farm, which is conducted at Lichtenberg, near Berlin, on very poor soil, says virtually the same as the Hohenhof farm’s report. It states that between 100 and 150 kernels grew on a single stalk under this method of planting, which is more than double the number obtained from crops in which the seed has been sown. Both reports contend that the richness of the crops in China is not due to a superior quality of soil, but chiefly to the superior method of cultivation, which, it is claimed, can be applied in any other country with the same results as in the Far East.—Exchange. AMERICAN MAIL LINE DOLLAR STEAMSHIP LINE COMBINED TRANSPACIFIC SERVICE SAILING ONCE A WEEK The “President” Liners Offer Speed—Service—Courtesy—Comfort Excellent Food, Comfortable Cabins, Broad Decks, American Orchestra, Dancing, Swimming Pool, Sports SAILING ONCE A WEEK TO SAN FRANCISCO AND ROUND THE WORLD VICTORIA AND LOS ANGELES President Garfield Dec. 21 SEATTLE via President Harrison Jan. 4 via Hongkong, Shanghai, Kobe, President Monroe Jan. 18 Hongkong, Shanghai, Kobe, Yokohama, and Honolulu President Wilson - Feb. 1 and Yokohama President van Buren - Feb. 15 SAILINGS President Hayes - - - Feb. 29 SAILINGS ON ON ALTERNATE FRIDAYS Sailings every fortnight ALTERNATE SATURDAYS 24 Calle David MANILA Telephone No. 2-24-41 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 30 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 THE RICE INDUSTRY By PERCY A. Hill Prices for palay, crop of 1926-27, at shipping points have sagged to 1 * 3.00 per cavan, with rice from 1 * 7.60 to 1’7.00 according to grade. These are the lowest prices offered since the year of deflation, 19201921 crop. As predict ed, the lifting of the export ban afforded the market no chance of price enhancement, in deed the writer is in a position to know that prices today would have been slightly higher had the status quo remained in force. Tons 125 of “luxury rice” of the superior grade were exported for the rich mer chants of Amoy, with a like amount contracted for. Such export and its amounts have no effect whatsoever on the industry. The gain on this shipment was so slight as to preclude further activities. However, the excess supply of last crop will be rapidly taken up by the short crop about to be harvested, but it is not expected that any appreciation of price will attach to old deposits. The early crop is reported to be about one third less than last jear, which represents about 15% of the total crop. The milling recovery is also low. Due to adverse climatic conditions, and a species of rust, the rice crop has been affected in nearly every province. The estimates for the first ten producing provinces in point of magnitude, shows a loss of between six and seven million cavans from that of last year, which may be still mote when all reports are in. With this lessening of supply prices should begin to rise as soon as old stocks are disposed of, and this rise should, by the law of averages, be equal to the prices paid for the 1925-1926 crop. How ever, conditions in ’Indo-Asia will in the final analysis govern the price, and if supply is ample for Indo-Asian export, values will rise slowly. The losses from disease are apparently due to weather conditions. As a result the milling recovery will be much lower than last year in net weight, very possibly over a million cavans. Local prices for early rice are as a consequence higher than storage offerings. It may be of interest to know that quite a few of the great milling and storing firms have registered a substantial loss on rice operations this year, the spread between the palay and the milled product being much too low, taken over the entire ten-months period. In reference to the export ban being lifted for four months, it has done no damage at all to supply, and could be ieft permanently lifted for that matter. COMMODITIES BY RAIL The following com modities were received in Manila Oct. 26 to Nov. 25, 1927, both inclusive, via Manila Railroad: Rice, cavans............. Sugar, picu'.s............. Tobacco, bales......... Copra, piculs............. Coconuts..................... Lumber, B. F........... Desiccated Coconuts, cases........................ 1927 Nov. Oct. 218,500 220,250 77,952 1,344 13,320 6,800 143,000 182,300 2,016,000 1,705,200 240,300 167,400 20,664 20,254 NOVEMBER SUGAR REVIEW By George H. Fairchild TVew York Market: The weakness of the American sugar market reported in the latter part of the previous month continued during the first week of the month under review, and prices declined from 2-7 8 cents c. and f. (4.65 cents l.t.) to 213 16 cents c. and f. (4.59 cents l.t.). The American sugar market presented a more en couraging outlook during the second and third weeks when a fair quantity of Cubas were sold RAILROAD NOTICE WEEK-END TRAIN SERVICE The Baguio Night Express train, composed of Sleeping cars with buffet service, regular first and third class coaches and baggage and Express car will run on following schedule: From Manila From Bauang Sur and Damortis December 2, 1927 December 4, 1927 December 9, 1927 December 11, 1927 •December 16, 1927 December 18, 1927 December 23, 1927 December 26, 1927 December 29, 1927 January 2, 1928 Hour of Departure from Manila 11:00 p. m. Connection with BENGUET AUTO LINE at DAMORTIS to and from BAGUIO On northbound trip passengers leave promptly after arrival of train at Damortis and reach Baguio before 8:00 a. m. and from Baguio first class busses and automobiles leave at 8:00 p. m. and third class at 7:30 p. m., arriving at Damortis in time to connect with the Baguio Night Express train. After the trip of January 2, 1928, Baguio NIGHT SPECIAL SERVICE will be maintained and a schedule of days of departure will be issued. Both single and round trip tickets to Baguio may be purchased at stations between Manila and San Fabian where Baguio Night Express train is scheduled to stop. All classes of tickets, one way and round trip, are good on these trains between points mentioned in the train schedule. For northbound trip sleeping car reservations should be made and tickets purchased at Manila Station (Tutuban) or Manila Railroad City Office, 519 Dasmarinas, near Peoples’ Bank, telephone 23183; for south bound at Benguet Auto Line station, Baguio or railroad stations at which this train stops. Baggage, Express parcels and C. O. D. shipments will be handled to or from Baguio and stations mentioned on train schedule. Manila Railroad Company Tel. 4-98-61 943 Azcarraga at 2-7/8 cents c. and f. (4.65 cents l.t.) and 2-15/16 cents c. and f. (4.71 cents l.t.). During the last week of the month, however, the Amer ican sugar market became dull and uninteresting and prices lagged to 2-3/4 cents c. and f. (4.59 cents l.t.). The poor demand for refined throughout the month under review was apparently Che main reason for the general weakened tone of the market. Stocks at the Atlantic Coast during the first week were 196,000 tons considered sufficient to meet the refiners’ requirements for from two to three weeks. Stocks in the sta tistical countries at the end of the last week of the month under review were 1,180,000 tons as compared with 1,281,000 tons at the same time in 1926 and 940,000 tons in 1925. The report received about the 15th to the effect that Czechoslovakia, Poland and Germany would closely cooperate with Cuba in its sugar policies created considerable interest in local sugar circles, since it was hoped that it would have a favorable effect on prices instead of a IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 31 decline. It is, however, the consensus of opinion that the fact that the European beet sugarproducing countries have agreed in general terms to cooperate with Cuba will have a steady ing effect on the market in the future. There were various rumors in regard to the steps to be taken by the Cuban Commission appointed by the President in connection with the date when the mills will start grinding. On the 7th instant a report was received to the effect that milling would commence on January 1st but exports would not be allowed until January 20th, while on the 9th instant it was stated that milling would not commence until January 15th. No definite confirmation of these reports have as yet been received. Recent advices are to the effect that while the factory owners are willing to postpone the beginning of operations until January 5th the colonos are not. Philippine Sales.—Sales of Philippine cen trifugals in the Atlantic Coast, afloats, near arrivals, and for future deliveries, for the month under review, aggregated 36,500 tons at prices ranging from 4.60 cents to 4.75 cents landed terms, duty paid. Of these, 3,000 were of the old crop of 1926-27 and 53,500 tons of the 1927-28 crop. Total sales of the new crop of Philippine centrifugals up to date amount to 64,000 tons. Futures.—Quotations on the New York Exchange fluctuated as follows: High Low Latest December................................. 2.90 2.72 2.72 January................... 2.93 2.76 2.76 March....................................... 2.89 2.77 2.79 May.................................. 2.98 2 85 2.87 July........................................... 3.06 2.92 2.95 September............................... 3.14 3.00 3.03 Local Market: The local market for cen trifugals was quiet during the month under review and no transaction was reported during the first half of the month while only small parcels exchanged hands during the latter part of the month at prices ranging from J’10.90 to 1 * 11.25 per picul. Owing to the delay in the arrival of the new crop because of the unfavorable weather, offers of muscovados were very negligible. The small sales reported at Iloilo were made on the basis of No. 1 at prices ranging from 1 * 7.00 to 1 * 7.121. 2 per picul. Crop Prospects.—All the Centrals in the Islands have already commenced grinding the 1927-28 crop, with the exception of the North Negros Sugar Co., which finished milling the 1926- 27 crop on October 31, 1927, and will not start grinding for this season until after January, 1928. For the season just ended this Central had a final outturn of 26,738 metric tons of sugar, being the largest crop in its history. Production results of the first few weeks of the 1927- 28 milling season are satisfactory. Twelve of the largest Centrals report a total production of 31,344 metric tons of sugar as of November 20 in comparison with 30,649 metric tons at the same time in 1926. The quality ratio, the number of tons of cane required to produce a ton of sugar, is 8.79 which is slightly better than that of last year which was 8.99. To some, however, this satisfactory showing of the juices at this time of the year is not a favorable indication since the big crops of 1924-25 and 1926-27 started out with low quality ratios while the crop failure year of 1925-26 began with higher average purities. Harvesting this year would be proceeding normally, were it not for the handicap of the planters in their recruiting of laborers due to the scarcity of vessels to transport laborers from the sources of supply to the Centrals, as a result of the Customs’ ruling limiting the number of passengers a vessel may carry. Since the planters, particularly those of Negros, recruit most of their seasonal laborers for harvesting from the Islands of Cebu and Panay, the lack of transportation space may curtail their harvesting operations. Because of the several typhoons which passed over Negros in the last three months, some dis tricts may not realize within 90% of their esti mates. Predictions are heard in many quarters that the 1927-1928 crop will not exceed that of the previous year. Planting for the 1928-1929 crop is proceeding rapidly and many districts report the young cane is further advanced at this time than it was last year, due particularly to the favorable weather which has prevailed during the last three weeks. Exports of Sugar.—Sugar exports of the Philippines from January 1, 1927, to November 30, 1927, amounted to 493,841 metric tons, details of which follow: S. China <t Pacific Japan Total 47,867 ---------448,060 -------- 44,153 44,196 1,585--- 1,585 U. X. Atlantic Centrifugals. . . . 400,193 Muscovados.... 43 Refined............... ................ 400,236 49,452 44,153 493,841 Java Market: On the whole the Java market was steady and firm at advancing prices. 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A total of 2,129,128 tons of sugar has already been pro duced at the end of October, 1927. (Continued on page 32} IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 32 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 European Prospects: From the latest ad vices received from New York dated November 30, Licht had reduced his estimate of the Euro pean beet crop by 110,000 tons. His previous estimate was 8,206,000 tons so that the latest estimate of the European beet crop, according to Licht, is 8,096,000 tons. REVIEW OF THE HEMP MARKET November, 1927 L. L. Spellman, Macleod &• Company w’ |L t This report covers the markets for Manila Hemp for the month of November, 1927, with statistics up to and including November 28, 1927. U. S. Grades: The U. S. market opened with shipping houses sellers basis F, 15-3 8 cents; I, 13-13 16 cents; JI, 11 cents. Prices fell away on the con tinued pressure to sell, buyers remaining entirely out of the market. By mid November there were sellers in New York basis F, 14-1 2 cents; I, 13 cents; Jl, 10-1, 2 cents and even at these prices buyers were still shy of making any progress. Toward the end of the month consumers showed more desire to buy on the decline and a moderate amount of business was transacted basis F, 14-3/8 cents; I, 12-1 2 cents; Jl, 10-1 8 cents. An unsettled market ruled for a short time with no further decline being registered. At the close of the month sellers firmed up and a fair amount of business was transacted up to a basis of F, 14-1/2 cents; I, 12-5/8 cents; Jl, 10-3/8 cents at which prices offerings became sparing. At the close there were sellers at F, 14-3/8 cents; I, 12-3/4 cents; Jl, 10-1/2 cents with, however, no business doing as buyers in the U. S. refused to follow any further advance. The Manila market for U. S. grades opened dull basis F, 1’35.4; G, 1’20; H, 1’19.2; I, 1’31.4; Jl, 1’25; SI, 1’34.4; S2, 1’30.4; S3, 1’25. The easier tone in New York was quickly reflected in Manila and by the second week in the month values here were down to a basis of F, 1 * 34.4; G, 1’19.4; H, 1’18.6; I, 1’30.4; Jl, 1’23.4; SI, 1’33.4; S2, 1’29.4; S3, 1’23.4. Weakness de veloped in the market and by mid November prices were down to F, 1’33.6; G, 1’19; H, 1’18; I, 1’30; Jl, 1’23; SI, 1’32.6; S2, 1’29; S3, 1’23.4, there being but little support to the market on the decline. Prices continued to slump on the lack of demand, touching a nominal figure of E, 1’34: F, 1’32; G, 1’19; H, 1’18; I, 1’28; Jl, 1’22; SI, 1’32; S2, 1’27; S3, 1’22.4; there, however, being no actual sellers down to these prices. On steadier news from New York sellers quickly firmed up and the market closed with buyers E, 1’34.4; F, 1’33; G, 1’19.4: H, 1’18; I, 1’29; Jl, 1’23; SI, 1’32; S2, 1’28; S3, 1’23.4. High grade hemp was scarce and single grades changed hands at 1 * 2 to 1 * 3 premium on the nominal prices ruling for similar grades in parcels. U. K. Grades: London developed a quiet tone at the opening, but values were maintained, J2, £42.10; K, 139; LI, C38; L2, £37; Ml, £37; M2, £34.10, shipment in various positions up to March, 1928. The market soon took on an easier tendency but a fair amount of business developed on the decline to J2, £41.10; K, £38.10: LI, £37.10; L2, £36.10; Ml, £36; M2, £33.10; DL, £33 to 10/- per ton less. The improved demand steadied up the market somewhat for a day or two but buyers showing no inclination to pay last prices, the market again turned easier with business done down to J2, £39.15; LI, £36. Toward the end ot No vember a brisker demand set in and a fair amount of business was transacted in London at J2, £42.10; K, £38; LI, £37; L2, £36; Ml, £36; M2, £34; DL, £33; DM, £30.5. Sellers again firmed up in their ideas but buyers refused to follow and the market closed inactive at last prices. The Manila market for U. K. grades opened on the dull side, J2, 1’19.4; K, 1’18.6; LI, P18; L2, 1’17.4; Ml, 1’17.4; M2, 1’15.6; DL, 1’15.4; DM, 1’13. A downward tendency soon set in on the quiet news from Europe and prices by mid November were down to J2, 1’19; K, 1’17.6; LI, 1’17.2; L2, 1’16.6; Ml, 1’16.6; M2, 1’15.4; DL, 1’15; DM, 1’13. The market continued nominal with a further slight reduction regis tered on grades below J2. At the close the tone was firmer with values basis J2, 1’19.4; K, 1’18.2; LI, 1’17.4; L2, 1’17, Ml, 1’16.6; M2, 1’15.4; DL, 1’15; DM, 1’13. U. K. grades were by no means freely offered in Manila throughout the month; business therefore was very restricted, single grades here and there changing hands at a fair premium compared to prices offered for parcels. The demand from Japan was still very limited and at low prices. Freight Rates: Freight Rates to Europe reduced 2/6 per ton on November 9th for parties contracting with regular lines. Non-contracting parties paying the old rate basis 90/- per ton Liverpool. Statistics: We give below figures for period extending from November 1st to November 28th, 1927: 1927 1926 Stocks on January 1st......... 112,382 153,181 Receipts to November 28. . 1,174,423 1,160,354 Stocks on November 28.. . . 173,808 150,343 Shipments To the— Bales United Kingdom...... 297,134 Continent of Europe.. . . 132,693 Atlantic U. S............ 242,594 U. S. via Pacific...... 114,168 Japan............................ 232,908 Elsewhere and Local.... 93,500 To Nov. 29. 1926 Bales 241,690 161,461 308,157 156,313 214,965 80,606 1,112,997 1,163,192 The Journal welcomes Mr. Spellman’s recent return to Manila, and is grateful to Mr. Smith of the same company for his excellent reviews of the hemp market during Mr. Spellman’s trip abroad.—Ed. Pure Manila Rope and Cordage Hay and Hide Rope, Lariat, etc. JOHNSON-PICKETT ROPE CO. P. O. Box 1457 Cable Address 104 Lara “PICKETROPE” Manila, P. I. Manila IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 33 REVIEW OF THE EXCHANGE MARKET By STANLEY WILLIAMS Manager International Banking Corporation. Telegraphic transfers on New York were quoted at 7,8% pre mium on October 31st with buyers at 1/2% premium November and 3/8% premium De cember. The market was unchanged at this level with however the buying rate quoted at 5/8% premium at times until November 22nd when the selling rate was raised to 1% pre mium. On November 28th the selling rate was raised to 1—1,8% premium with money in good supply and buying rates were called 3/4% pre mium November, 12% premium DecemberJanuary. The market closed at this level on November 29th. November 30th was a legal holiday. Sterling cables which were quoted at 2/0 3/16 sellers, 2, 0 1/2 buyers on October 31st remained unchanged until November 28th when rates were lowered to 2/0 5 16 sellers 2/0 7, 16 buyers in view of the strength in U. S. Currency and the New York London cross rate. Rates were unchanged at the close on November 29th. Three months sight credit bills and 3 m/s D/P bills, which were quoted at 2/1 1/16 and 2/1 1/8 respectively on October 31st, remained unchanged until November 28th when these quotations were lowered to 2/1 and 2/1 1/16 and remained unchanged at the close on the 29th. The New York London cross rate closed at 486.96 on October 31st and after dropping to 486 3/4 on November 2nd, gradually hardened to a high for November of 487 15/16 on the 25th. It then eased to 487 7/8 on the 26th and 28th and 487 13/16 on the 29th and 30th. London Bar Silver closed at 26 1/16 spot and forward on October 31st and gradually rose to 26 13/16 spot 26 11/16 forward on November 16th. After easing to 26 5/16 spot 26 3/16 forward on November 21st it again gradually hardened and closed at 26 15/16 spot 26 5/8 forward on the 30th which was the high rate for the month of November. New York bar silver closed at 56 5/8 on October 31st and gradually rose to 57 3/4 on November 14th, 15th and 16th. It dropped away to 56 7/ 8 on the 19th and then rose rapidly to 58 1/8 on the 25th, closing at that rate, a high for November, on the 30th. Telegraphic transfers on other points were quoted nominally at the close on November 29th as follows: Paris, 1230; Madrid, 171; Singapore, 115; Japan, 93 1/4; Shanghai, 77 1/4; Hongkong, 101 1/2; India, 134 1/4; Java, 121 3/4. "North Coast Limited” “One of America’s Fine Trains” shows you the Cascade Mountains, the Rocky Moun tains and the Mission Range by daylight. From the main line of the Northern Pacific, travelers-see 28 ranges of mountains, and the train rolls along 1406 miles of rivers—pictures of “startling beauty” all the way. The “North Coast Limited” is a new train—new engines one-third of a block long! New Pullmans, new observation cars, wonderful new type dining cars. We Meet All Boats at Victoria and Seattle A. D. Charlton, G. P. A., Portland, Ore. R. J. Tozer, A. G. P. A., Seattle, Wash. W. H. Jaynes, G. A., Vancouver, B. C. E. E. Blackwood, G. A., Victoria, B. C. Northern Pacific Railway “First of the Northern Transcontinentals” COPRA AND ITS PRODUCTS By E. A. SEIDENSPINNER Vice-President and Manager, Copra Milling Corporation COPRA Despite pessimistic reports from foreign markets during the last half of November, the local copra market re mained practically un changed during the month as a result of scant copra offerings. Light arrivals were caused in the main by the rice harvest and al though the latter has been completed re ceipts of copra at Manila still leave much to be desired. The London market registered a net drop of 10 shillings per ton during the last week of the month and the U. S. market declined 1/8 cent per pound. Total arrivals of copra at Manila for the month, of November were 227,700 sacks which is about 80,000 sacks less than arrivals during November, 1926. Latest cable advices follow: San Francisco,—Buyers—$.05-1/16 to $.051/8; London, Cebu £26/15/0, F. M. M., £26/12/6; Manila, Resecada 1 * 12.50 to 1 * 12.75. COCONUT OIL The U. S. market for coconut oil was decidedly .sluggish during the entire month with buyers resisting all attempts of sellers to advance prices. Competing fats and oils in America seemed to be in ample supply, buyers’ independence is well established. Cottonseed oil received a severe setback during the last half of the month, not withstanding the fact that the government crop report estimate remained practically un changed with the ginning report slightly bullish. The depressing factor in the cotton oil situation is of course the heavy carry over from last year which must be moved to make room for this year production. Business noted during the month in coconut oil was of small volume at prices ranging between 8-1/8 to 8-3/8 cents f. o. b. tank cars west coast. Latest quotations follow: San Francisco, $.08-1/8 to $.08-1/4 f. o. b. tank cars nominal; New York S.08-3/8 c. i. f.; London, £39/10 nominal; Manila, P.36-1/2 per kilo. COPRA CAKE The Hamburg market for this item was up and down during November registering severe fluctuations for nearby due to shorts covering and with a better inquiry for the January-Feb ruary-March positions during the first half of the month, which later almost entirely disap peared. November shipment was quoted as high as £9/17/6 with bids of £8/10 for FebruaryJuly spread. At this writing the market is quoted dull with little or no inquiry. Latest cables follow: San Francisco, S35.00 nominal; Hamburg, £8/15 nominal; Manila, Buyers 1’59.00 Jan.March; Sellers 1 * 62.00 to 1’63.00. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 34 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 Commercial Printing is a silent but Powerful Messenger Your letter heads, bill heads, cards, envelopes, etc., when well printed, all help to build up that “feeling of confidence”. Our reputation for producing GOOD PRINTING has been earned and merits your patronage. McCullough Printing Company 424 Rizal Ave. ' Phone 800 YOUR LOGGING PROBLEM can be solved readily by some type of WASHINGTON LOGGING ENGINE The Washington Simplex Yarder above leads all Yarders in ease of operation and low cost of upkeep. Washington Iron Works, Seattle, U. S. A. The Edward J. Nell Co., Ltd.,—Manila. WASHINGTON ENGINES OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 35 Commodities Coconut Oil.......................................... Cigars (Number)................................. Embroidery........................................... Maguey.................................................. Leaf Tobacco....................................... Desiccated and Shredded Coconut. Hats (Number)................................... Lumber (Cubic Meter) ................... Copra Meal.......................................... Cordage................................................. Knotted Hemp..................................... Pearl Buttons (Gross)....................... Canton (low grade cordage fiber).. All Other Products............................. Dotal Domestic Products................. United States Products..................... Foreign Countries Products............. Grand Total......................... PRINCIPAL EXPORTS Quantity October, 1927 Value October, 1926 Quantity Value % Quantity Value 3 7,181,972 P 1,159,084 5 13,200,881 5,214,842 23 12,853,908 4,376,585 20 25,759,913 4,996,677 22 20,605.627 937,413 4 859,048 4 1,207,573 279,644 1 2,651,153 837,998 3 1,751,272 650,488 2 97,327 472,707 2 9,813 347,842 1 8,396,008 494,191 2 438,910 269,711 1 15,615 53,622 0 73,685 60,326 0 936,744 243,361 1 538,186 2 3 3,282,055 P 411,468 2 8 11,900,796 4,869,788 25 0 8,904,854 3,245,548 17 8 20.332,234 4,256,291 22 3 26,851,477 1,240,626 6 0 1,563,793 8 3 1.206,432 333,852 1 9 547.715 294.168 1 9 1,550.419 585,755 3 2 72,713 286,598 1 5 11,184 412,574 2 2 8,585,395 400.776 2 2 296,330 185,233 1 2 42,232 149,876 0 3 120,376 113,591 0 1 324,981 66,682 0 4 461,609 2 2 44,973,204 P 8,184,147 32 7 12,269,238 5,033,346 19 1 21,656,194 4.015,069 15 4 16,635,732 3,213,742 12 6 18,517,833 842,949 3 3 707,579 2 8 1,522,499 357,680 1 6 1,300,421 543,763 2 1 1,222,400 462,519 1 5 57,811 218,121 0 2 12,554 435,984 1 2 7,318,647 381,284 1 0 449,403 263,107 0 8 50,601 181,728 0 6 70,399 69,343 0 4 75,137 122,466 0 5 608,627 2 1’21,648,921 99 118,742 0 24,062 0 4 P18,820,812 99 5 46,534 0 1 10,882 0 6 1’25,498,460 99 3 102,915 0 1 40,079 0 P21.791.725 100 0 P18.878.228 100 0 P25.641,454 100 9 1 0 5 9 8 6 7 7 6 2 6 3 NOTE:—AU quantities are in kilos except where otherwise indicated. PRINCIPAL IMPORTS October, 1927 October, 1926 Monthly average for 12 months ending October. 1927 CARRYING TRADE Value Value Value IMPORTS Cotton Cloths................... Other Cotton Goods.... Iron and Steel, Except Machinery...................... Rice..................................... Wheat Flour..................... Machinery and Parts of.. Dairy Products................. siik Gilds'.’; Automobiles....................... Vegetable Fiber Goods.. Meat Products................. Illuminating Oil............... Fish and Fish Products. . Crude Oil........................... Coal..................................... Chemicals, Dyes, Drugs, Etc................................... Fertilizers........................... Vegetables.......................... PaperGoods, Except Tobacco and Manufac tures of.......................... Electrical Machinery.. .. Books and Other Printed Matters...................... .. Cars and Carriages, Ex cept Autos..................... Automobile Tires.............. Fruits and Nuts.............. Woolen Goods................... Leather Goods.................. Shoes and Other Foot•1 readstuffs, Except Wheat Flour................. i’-tts..................................... F erfumery and Other Toilet Goods................. rubricating Oil................. Cacao Manufactures, Ex cept Candy................... Glass and Glassware.... Paints, Pigments, Var nish, Etc......................... Oils not separately listed. Earthen Stones & . China ware................................. Automobile Accessories.. Diamond and Other Pre cious Stones Unset.. .. Wood, Bamboo, Reed, ■Rattan............................. -'-.idia Rubber Goods.... ..................................... batches.............................. battle and Carabaos.. .. Explosives........................... ' igar and Molasses........ 'lotion Picture Films. .. .11 Other Imports........... Total.................... ~ 348,478 193,199 112,669 166,716 126,857 120,317 111,789 117,022 168,917 92,656 130,553 11 5 3 16 5 8 .6 13 5 Nationality of Vessels Monthly average for October, 1927 October, 1926 12 months ending October, 1927 10 0 5 0 2 0 6 0 7 2 8 8 8 0 1 2 3 8 1 6 2 7 0 8 2 0 9 0 2 1 6 2 6 5 0 8 0 0 6 7 0 6 0 0 3 0 6 0 0 8 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 6 2 3 1 7 P20.203.636 100 10 3 5 2 0 9 7 2 6 9 5 2 4 7 2 369,191 5,062 300,636 360,742 210,809 371,555 75,524 98,922 165,772 134,141 109,595 75,933 6 3 1 6 7 0 0 6 4 7 7 0 6 5 0 6 3 0 7 0 0 5 0 0 6 5 0 0 6 3 0 0 0 0 8 5 3 6 0 0 0 7 1 P23.036.994 100 265.280 252,067 300,315 112.272 304,935 181,959 150,058 192,302 174,491 159,752 196,256 168,506 115,718 21,350 120,556 135,049 66,331 7 9 2 6 5 6 3 1 6 5 8 2 2 2 0 8 8 2 0 3 2 1 3 1 0 0 9 1 0 1 8 0 0 American.. British..... Japanese... Dutch..... German.. .. Norwegian. Philippine. Spamsh.... Chinese.... Swedish.... Danish....... By Freight.... By Mail........... Total. Value Value Value 274,695 77,224 3,398 55.9 26.1 5.4 3.0 4.9 0.‘ 46 32 5 1 0 0 2 3 4 7 9 6 %_ .6 3 4 5 3 8 7 7 1 2 52 28 5 3 0 0 0 0 P20.203.636 100.0 P23,036,994 100.0 P19.835.153 100. EXPORTS Nationality of Vessels October, 1927 October, 1926 Monthly average ffir 12 months ending October, 1927 Value % Value % Value % 764,792 6,551 21,964 9 By 0 9 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 10 41.8 33.9 11.3 4.7 3.6 0.1 105,029 83,466 5^9 0.6 0.5 48 32 9 3 0 0 4 5 6 5 0 2 5 3 1 P21,791,725 100.0 P18.878.228 100.0 P25,641,455 100.0 TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES Countries Monthly average for October, 1927 October, 1926 12 months previous to October, 1927 •Value Value Value % .7 8 5 3 78 0 P19.835.153 100 3 7 1 PORT STATISTICS TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES Ports October, 1927 October, 1926 United States........... United Kingdom.... Japan-......................... French East Indies. Germany.................... 0 Spain.......................... “ Australia.................... British East Indies. Dutch East Indies.. Monthly average for * j£ * er*an‘,s.............. 12 months nrevious ................... 2 9 2 6 5 0 2 1 6 7 6 9 12 months previous Hongkong * to October. 1927 Bel g i um * . 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 Manila................................. P29.937.247 73 Ttuilo.................................... 2,228,003 4 Cebu.................................... 7,014,575 17 Zamboanga......................... 548,461 1 JJo...................................... 169,373 0 Davao................................. 1.016,249 1 Legaspi............................... 1,081,453 1 0 P31.379.432 75 8 1,589,885 4 2 6,245,749 15 3 541,245 1 4 183,489 0 5 866,122 2 8 1,109,300 0 0 P29.423.579 65.3 1 6,595,722 14.5 2 5,887,877 13.0 6 454,680 0.9 7 98,177 0.2 4 834,419 0.8 9 1,976,459 4.3 Total................... P41,036.994 100 0 P41.915.222 100 0 P44.796.245 100.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 5 8 9 6 2 1 2 1 1.0 P41.995.361 100.0 P41.915.222 100 36 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1927 BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL DIRECTORY B. A. GREEN REAL ESTATE Improved and Unimproved City, Suburban and Provincial Properties Expert valuation, appraisement and reports on real estate Telephone 507 34 Escolta Cable Address: “BAG” Manila Manila, P. I. Philippine Islands Myers-Buck Co., Inc. Surveying and Mapping PRIVATE MINERAL AND PUBLIC LAND 230 Kneedler Bldg. Tel. 1610 PHILIPPINES COLD STORES Wholesale and Retail Dealers in American and Australian Refrigerated Produce STORES AND OFFICES Calle Echague Manila, P. I. MACLEOD & COMPANY Manila Cebu Vigan Davao Iloilo Exporters of Hemp and Maguey Agents for INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER CO. Agricultural Machinery Rosenberg’s Garage TELEPHONE 5-69-55 h W t CHINA BANKING CORPORATION MANILA, P. I. Domestic and Foreign Banking of Every Description “LA URBANA” (Sociedad MOtua de Construcci6n- y Prtstamos) Prestamos Hipotecarios Inversiones de Capital 111 Plaza Sta. Cruz Manila, P. I. P. O. Box 1394 Telephone 22070 J. A. STIVER Attorney-At-Law Notary Public Certified Public Accountant Investments Collections Income Tax 121 Real, Intramuros Manila, P. I. HANSON & ORTH, Inc. Manila, P. I. Buyers and Exporters of Hemp and Other Fibers 612-613 Pacific Bldg. Tel. 2-24-18 BRANCHES: New York—London—Merida—Davao Phone “El Hogar Filipino” 2 - 22 -33 Building WARNER, BARNES & CO., LTD. Insurance Agents Transacting All Classes of Insurance SANITARY - CONVENIENT - SATISFACTORY! Five European Barbers Special attention given the ladies Shampoos, facial massage and hair cuts under skilled management LA MARINA BARBER SHOP 117 Plaza Goiti Jost Cortina, Prop. MADRIGAL 85 CO. 8 Muelle del Banco Nacional Manila, P. I. Coal Contractors a nd Coconut Oil Manufacturers MILL LOCATED AT CEBU Derham Building Phone 22516 Manila P. O. Box 2103 MORTON & ERICKSEN, INC. Surveyors AMERICAN BUREAU OF SHIPPING Marine and Cargo Surveyors Sworn Measurers Mr. MANUEL VALENTIN TAILOR Formerly Chief Cutter for P. B. Florence & Co. 244 Plaza Sta. Cruz Manila, P. I. Phone 2-61-30 Quality ffi Shirts k TOYO SHIIH FACTORY I ID44 AZ.C AR RAG A, MANILA.| IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL CORONAS ORIENTE EL ORIENTE FABRICA DE TABACOS, INC. 72 Calle Evangelista MANILA MANUFACTURERS OF Coronas Oriente Jean Valjean Fighting Bob HIGH GRADE CIGARS r i I? WEANDSCO Graybar Electric Co. RIU HERMANOS 7 CALLE DAVID Manila Wine Merchants, Ltd. 174 Juan Luna Manila, P. I. P. O. Box 403 Phones: 2-25-67 and 2-25-68 119 Calle T. Pinpin P. O. Box 2277 Manila, P. I. CHRYSLER 50—60—70—80 FRANK G. I 915 M. H. del Pilar Stool, Blood and Urine E Special Sunday and Holid Western Equipment and Supply Co. - Western Electric Co. i Recommended By Leading Doctors Drink It For Your Health’s Sake w TEL 1106 Nature’s Best Mineral Water Luneta Motors Co., Inc. 54 San Luis TEL. 370 THE AMERICAN EXPRESS CO., INC. Railway and Steamship Tickets at tariff rates Express and Freight Forwarding American Express Travelers Cheques IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL BUICK> Power where power counts most TRAVEL the roughest roads in this com munity go up into the mountains, where grades are steep, where distances are great - Go any place where hardships must be over come where many cars are tried and few make good and you will be amazed at the predomi nance of Buicks. For almost a quarter of a century, Buicks have been meeting well-nigh impossible situations and making good. So that now, when the task to be accomplished is difficult when stamina, depend ability and unfailing power are essential the advice of those who know is “Buy a Buick’’. All those qualities for which Buick has long been famous have been enhanced in Buick for 1928. Greater power and greater get-away are imparted by vital engine improvements . . . greater beauty and grace are provided in Buick’s low-swung bodies by Fisher . . . greater roadability and riding comfort result from built-in hydraulic shock absorbers and form-fitting tailored seats. Automotive Sales Company 'Distributor of 'Buick, and Oldsmobile JTfoior Cars Corner Pinpin and M. del Banco Nacional San Luis and del Pilar Luneta Service Station