The American Chamber of Commerce Journal Vol. 8, No.3 (March 1928)

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Part of The American Chamber of Commerce Journal

Title: The American Chamber of Commerce Journal Vol. 8, No.3 (March 1928)
Description: Manila : The Chamber, 1921-1976
52 v.
Issue Date: Volume 8 (No. 3) March 1928
Publisher: The American Chamber of Commerce of the Philippine Islands (Member Chamber of Commerce of the United States)
Year: 1928
Language: English
Subject: Philippines -- Commerce -- Periodicals.; Philippines -- Economic conditions -- Periodicals.
Rights
Place of publication: Manila
extracted text: Governor General Henry Lewis Stimson Making His Inaugural Address on Burnham Green: Manila, March 1, 1928. Leading Articles in This Issue: Man-Tracks on Luzon Hills 10,000 Years Old Story on the Beyer-Boston Archeological Collection The Anting-Anting An Empire-Day's Campaign Story Tiruray Legend of Man’s Fall and Redemption A Biblical Parallel and Contrast Currents in San Bernardino Strait Coast and Geodetic Forecasts: April to June Still More Franciscan Missions in Laguna Great Mission Trail Series: Eighth Paper Prize Essay Contest Announced In This Issue Current Comment of Timely Interest and Permanent Value: Trade Reviews by Leading Experts START THE NEW YEAR RIGHT ROSITAS The last stage in the march of cleanliness in the making of ROSITAS is in packing. Tissue covering at the end protects them from all dust and other unclean substances 20 for 8 CENTAVOS 30 for 10 CENTAVOS Sturdy Construction: Get Full Information: 3 T. F. i 3D C ID APR II LU 5 SIN COMA ? HEBRA- 1 DELASMEJDRE5 VEGAS DE LA ISABELA [ Simplicity and Sturdiness have made Willamette logging engines leaders in the forest throughout the world Consult Logging Engineers: engines as suit:•<! to your particular forest problems. Company. the exclusive representatives in tie? Philippine Is’antls. maintain and will gladly furnis'i expert a Ivi c as t > proper s de t ion oi your logging ^051T4S | Offices and Bodegas in Manila and Zamboanga MEYER-MUZZALL COMPANY 221 Pacilie Building, Manila Address inquiries to Manila or Zamboanga IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 1 Advertising Pays Good advertising has become a pretty general habit. Advertisers have caught the new spirit in business presen tation; advertisements are read with greater interest and are really a guide as to what should and should not be bought. There seems to be very small space left in the world for business men who do not advertise in some form or other. People feel there must be something seriously wrong with a business that does not advertise: they fight shy of it. As shrewd observers of what is going on in the ad vertising world, you, readers, have surely noticed how invitingly, intelligently, advertisers present their message to you in the columns of the 3ULLETIN MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRESS 28 YEARS OF FAITHFUL SERVICE UNDER ONE MANAGEMENT IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 A Hot Bath Will Refresh You After a long hot day at the office a hot bath will actually put new life into you for that social engagement in the evening. Install one of our WATER HEATERS Manila Gas Corporation_ Main Office anti Plant: Downtown Office: Calle Otis, Paco 7_Calle'David Luzon Stevedoring Co., Inc. j Lightering, Marine Contractors I ! Towboats, Launches, Waterboats Shipbuilders and Provisions CORONAS DE LA ALHAMBRA HALF-A-CORONA EXCELENTES ESPECIALES BELLEZAS PRESIDENTES Name ALHAMBRA On Rings and Labels Protection Watch Alhambra Cigar and Gigarette Mfg. Go. 31 Tayuman Manila, P. I. SIMMIE & GRILK Phone 302 Port Area IMITA TED BUT NEVER EQUALLED! IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL cXmerican Chamber of Commerce Journal PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS (Member, Chamber of Commerce of the United States) ENTERED AS SECOND CLASS MATTER MAY 25, 1921, AT THE POST OFFICE AT MANILA, P. I. LOCAL SUBSCRIPTION—P4.00 PER YEAR. FOREIGN SUBSCRIPTION—$3.00, U. S. CURRENCY, PER YEAR. SINGLE COPIES—35 CENTAVOS WALTER ROBB, Editor and Manager BOARD OF DIRECTORS Robert E. Murphy, President P. A. Meyer, Vice-President H. L. Heath, rll(-/’rcsiJenl B. A. Green, Treasurer C. M. Cotterman, Vice-President J. W. Hausscrmann, Vice-President E. E. Selph, General Counsel Fred A. Leas H. M. Cavender W. L. Applegate ALTERNATE DIRECTORS Walter Z. Smith R. S. Rogers A. B. Cresap J. L. Headington John R. Wilson, Secretary EXECUTIVE: R. E. Murphy. ChP. A. Meyer R. S. Rogers RELIEF: W. J. Odom. < h.rrm.n Carl Hess John Gordon MANUFACTURING: John Pickett. Ch.C-man W. J. Shaw LEGISLATIVE: W. Z. Smith. Chair mm Wm. J. Rohde Horace B. Pond COMMITTEES FINANCE AND AUDIT: John Headington. Chairman J. R. Wilson FOREIGN TRADE: M. M. Salecby, < 7.,., ........ W. C. Brune Julius Reese PUBLICATIONS: R. E. Murphy, Chairman Roy Bennett BANKING AND CURRENCY: Stanley Williams, Chairman J. M. Browne RECEPTION AND ENTERTAINMENT: George H. Fairchild, Chairman J. R. Wilson HOUSE: B. A. Green, Chairman J. R. Wilson LIBRARY: John Gordon, Ch airman J. R. Wilson SHIPPING: L. L. Spellman. Chairman J. G. Gardner J. J. Russell INVESTMENTS: R. J. Harrison, Chairman R. E. Murphy B. A. Green MANILA P. I. CONTENTS FOR MARCH, 1928 VOLUME VIII NUMBER 3 Page By These Signs Conquer: The Essentials of Governor General Stimson’s Inaugural Address....................................................... 5 Man-Tracks on Luzon Hills 10,000 Years Old............................ 6 Rubber Profits 100 Per Cent.............................................................. 6 Kalinga, the Land of Plenty (By Kilmer O. Moe)............... 8 Oddities of Stockholm: Appetites and Baths (By John Gunther)............................................................................................ 9 Editorials (By Walter Robb)-. Catching Tourist Flies.................................................................. Awaiting the Drama...................................................................... President Murphy’s Tribute....................................................... Four Best Manila Newspaper February Editorials.................... The Month jn Sports: The 1928 Open (By Carroll D. Alcott).. Insurance for Benevolent Endowments: Why Not Here?.......... About Our New Contributor: Mrs. George Read......................... Settling the Drawn-Out Water Quarrel.......................................... Still More Franciscan Missions in Laguna: Eighth Paper.......... The Anting-Anting (By Percy A. Hill)................ ........................ Anecdotes of Governor Yeater Recalled by His Visit.'............... /The Romance of the Lowly Mangle (By John A. Hackett). . . Public Works Release of 1928 Waterworks Funds..................... Thriving Davao (By F. M. Woodside)........................................ 10 10 10 11 12 14 16 18 19 21 23 24 25 Page Tiruray Legend of the Fall and Redemption of Man................... 25 Why We Want Good Philippine Fiction....................................... 26 Let’s Go to the Movies! (By Mrs. George Read)....................... 27 Rizal Avenue Extended Three Miles by Gilmore...................... 35 Reviews of Business: Copra and Copra Products (By E. A. Seidenspinner). . . 30 Tobacco and Cigars (By P. A. Meyer)................ 30 Rail Commodity Movements (By M. D. Royer) 30 Exchange (By Stanley Williams).......................................... 30 Rice (By Percy A. Hill)............................................................. 31 Shipping (By H. M. Cavender).............................................. 32 Real Estate (By P. D. Carman)........................................... 35 Sugar (By George H. Fairchild)........................................... 35 Manila Hemp (By T. H. Smith)........................................... 37 Statistical Review of Commerce: Imports and Exports from and to Atlantic and Pacific Ports by Nationality of Carrying Vessels................................ 38 Principal Exports............................................................................. 39 Principal Imports............................................................................ 39 Port Statistics................................................................................... 39 Carrying Trade................................................................................. 39 Foreign Trade by Countries....................................................... 39 . The American Chamber of Commerce is ready and willing at all times to furnish detailed information to any American Manufacturer, Importer, Exporter or other Americans Who are interested in Philippine matters. Address all communications and requests for such information to the Secretary of the Chamber No. 180 David, Manila, P. I. The American Chamber of Commerce of the Philippines is a member of the UNITED STATES CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, and is the largest and most adequately financed American Chamber of Commerce outside the continental boundaries of the United States. The organization has Twelve Hundred members, all Americans, scattered over the Philippine Archipelago from Tawi-Tawi to the Batanes. The organization of branches in all the American communities or the Asiatic Coast is being stimulated. The AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS should not be confused with other organizations bearing similar names such as the Chamber of Commerce of the Philippines, the Philippine Chamber of Commerce, the Philippine-American Chamber of Commerce and the Manila Chamber of Commerce. 4 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 The Key to Sundstrand’s Popularity I DIRECT SUBTRACTION j That and re-orders tell the story 1 Sturdier, Simpler and Speedier SEEING. IS BELIEVING. Ask us to prove our claims CAMERA SUPPLY CO. TYPEWRITER DEPARTMENT 110 ESCOLTA TEL. 2-21-98 STREET CAR CONVENIENCE Street car service in Manila is convenient and it is economical When you ride the street car you have No traffic to observe No parking inconvenience No pedestrians to avoid Street cars are safe, certain, speedy Manila Electric Company (MERALCO) 134 San Marcelino Tel. 2-19-11 LIGHT TRANSPORTATION POWER GORDON’S DRY GIN IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL \/////////m//////////// >///////////^'/'/// 7/m tsmTiMtRi€AN^:z^ CHAMBERjXCOMMfRd MARCH,2^®^ol.Vm,No.3 Vol. VIII, No. 3 MARCH, 1928 Significant paragraphs from the inaugural address of Governor-General Henry Lewis Stimson, Burnham Green, Manila, March 1, 1928: It is not within the province of the Governor General to determine the future relations of the inhabitants of these Islands to the United States; that duty rests with the Government of the United States. But it is his duty, so long as the present connection remains, to endeavor to make that union a happy and fruitful one. History shows that it has been the great com mercial and industrial nations which have first developed individual liberty and free institution and which have most tenaciously clung to them. It has shown further that within such countries it has been the middle artisan class, produced by industry and commerce, which has been the pillar and support of their free institutions. The industrial guild, in ancient times, was a birthplace of common rights, and in later days the trade union brought forth by industrial development has often been a bulwark against governmental oppression. If there is danger today of the loss of personal freedom in these Islands, if for example the threat of the usurer overhangs any class of your citi zens, it is the tillers of your rice paddies who are subject to the danger rather than the artisans of your shops and factories. Government is expected to engage in activ ities for the social benefit or protection of the individual, all of which are expensive and re quire greater governmental revenues. The government of today is expected to fur nish not only schools and colleges, but also hospi tals, asylums, libraries and museums, public roads, aqueducts and postoffices, and a constant ly increasing variety of services of health and education, travel and communication, protection and social welfare which modern civilized life regards as essential. You are faced with the alternative of increas ing your taxable wealth or checking and hold ing back some of the necessary activity of your government and important public improvements. In short it is the simple truth not only that individual freedom and the practice of selfgovernment are found to be most prevalent and firmly held in those communities and nations which have a highly developed system of industry and commerce as a foundation, but it is also true that only in such communities and nations can the average citizen attain the degree of individual comfort, education and culture which modern civilization is coming to demand. Is there any reason why the Filipino people should not attain such an economic develop ment? Manifestly it lacks it today. Manifest ly its attention during the past generation has been more concentrated upon political than economic development, with the result that progress in the latter field has not kept pace with the exceptional progress made in education and public affairs. The Philippine Islands today are possessed of a political connection with the foremost industrial nation in the world—the nation where not only has. mechanical invention made the greatest advance, but where the organization and methods of industry and the relations of capital and labor are more enlightened and fruit ful than in any other country under the sun. Is it not the part of wisdom and of prudence for this people to absorb to the uttermost the lessons and benefits which can be derived from the teaching of such a successful practitioner? Have not the people of the United States sufficiently demonstrated the unselfishness of their attitude toward these Islands in the matter of political development to make them worthy of confidence in the matter of economic develop ment? I believe that -nowhere in the world are the relations of capital to the public watched with a more jealous eye than today in the United States. Moreover, I believe that the establishment of ' such industrial relations with the United States would greatly benefit the social relations of the two peoples. Business relations between worthy partners tend to produce mutual confidence. I cannot believe that this opportunity will not be grasped by the Filipino people. On the con trary, I believe that it will, and through it that they will press forward into new stages of political freedom, individual comfort and social welfare. gg Three centuries ago, under the leadership of Spain, you turned your faces from the Orient toward the Western World. You accepted a civilization and a religion which marked you as a separate people from those who surround you. Now with the passage of these three centuries, your connection with the West has itself become transformed into a promise of new opportunities. The nation with which you are now connected represent not only political freedom but the highest average standard of social and material welfare which has yet been developed in this world. I have addressed myself thus far to the Filipino people, because the steps necessary for the solu tion of the problem which I have been discus sing must primarily be taken by them. Before closing, may I add a word of appreciation and good wishes to the American residents of these Islands. I am keenly sensible of the debt of gratitude which both the Filipino people and the people of the United States owe to them and of the duty which rests upon the shoulders of the Governor General to protect their legiti mate rights and interests. Whether in the mili tary uniform of the United States, whether as civil servants and teachers of this Government, or whether business men risking their all in th6 development of its resources, those Americans have rendered inestimable service to this land. They have been the pioneers in the performance of an American service to an Oriental people, such as no other nation of the world has even attempted. It would be a short-sighted policy indeed which allowed them to be treated either with neglect or injustice, for such a policy would result only in ultimate injury to this country where their service was rendered. In the conduct of this office into which I have now been inducted, it will be my earnest endeavor to be watchful of the interests of both Americans and Filipinos alike, to be equally accessible to all and patient in hearing all of such issues as may arise. Working all of us together in a spirit of sym pathetic co-operation, I trust that, under the providence of God, we may be successful in carrying forward the high aims and purposes of the noble men who have preceded us. NEW FORD ROADSTER Rumble scat optional Pl.550.00 Completely Equipped (Ex. Manila Bodega) New Ford Cars and Truck Are Here Write, or Call Today for Complete details Manila Trading & Supply Co. MANILA Iloilo — Cebu — Bacolod — Legaspi — Pulupandan IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 6 , THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 Man-Tracks on Luzon Hills 10,000 Years Old Geologists reckon the world to be hundreds of millions of years old. Man is not so old, only, possibly, making his initial bow some half million years ago. Genesis gives a more recent date for both, and is much simpler than science and more easily memorized. Maybe it would be better, at least more comfortable, to embrace Stone Implements of Ground and Polished Types. Mostly Adzes, Axes, and Chisels. The upper two rows are of typical neolithic make, and arc mostly from pre pottery sites. The lower two rows arc all finely polished specimens of late neolithic and iron-age date. The large adze in the lower left comer is of jade, and was doubtless imported from China. fundamentalism and cease speculating Yet the poet says there are “sermons in stones and good in everything,” and those who have the wit to do it find not only sermons in stones but a deal of ordinary information besides. So perhaps the universe is after all a proper study for man kind, just a branch of his study of himself, which Pope values as his most worthwhile activity. For three years past an eminent Manilan, Dr. H. Otley Beyer, has been learning, chiefly from stones, and pottery molded from stones disin tegrated into clay, an easy and plastic material for the hand to fashion into tools and utensils, something of the antiquity of man in the Phil ippines; or more specifically, his antiquity on Luzon. As the head of the department of anthropology and ethnology in the University of the Philippines, his work led him into the bypaths of geology and archeology, where our story discovers him still engaged in intensive research. It seems that when a Chinese crafts man, say in the Sung dynasty, impressed an image in the waxy texture of a celadon he had shaped but had not baked, that when he did bake it he fixed more than the mere image in its surface; for he made an historical record there almost as accurate as if he had written it in alphabetical characters. When the fragments of his craftsmanship are found, they can be read: to the extent of ascerStone Mortnrs, Hammers. Sledges, Digging Imple ments, and Other Large Tools, from Both Neolithic and Iron-Age Sites. taining from what period they date. It is the same with stone, iron, and clay implements. The excavations far public works in and around Manila afforded Dr. Beyer his first opportunity to probe with accuracy into the prehistoric and protohistoric. periods in the Philippines, and from this he has advanced until now he is gathering the precious artifacts from a dozen Iron-Age Weapons and Implements dating from 1200 to 2000 years ago. Of the vertical specimens, the two on the left are dagger blades, the center three are iron axes or adzes, and the two on the right are spearheads. The horizontal specimens arc iron knives of four charac teristic shapes. or twenty sites. There is much to tell, volumes indeed, of the facts his bags and kegs and boxes and strings of specimens have already revealed, but this paper must be limited to the period of time the specimens cover. First of all, be it said, there is no pretense to scientific ability in it; on the other hand, it is just a reporter’s story. Catch-as-catch-can reporters are only expected to have a smattering of many things, without particular knowledge of anything. Reporters are dangerous custom ers for the victims.of their black-and-white art, merely because a little knowledge is a dangerous Grooved or Shouldered Stone Implements and Weapons From Neolithic and Early Iron-Age Sites. Hammers, adzes, “diggers’*, choppers, polishing grooves, and club heads are all represented: and the same specimens are shown in two different positions in the upper and lower halves of the picture. thing. It is when Dr. Beyer at last sits down himself to write on his subject that the world of science will prick up its ears. Also, the story now given to the reader is mightily helped out by the pictures and their captions. Emboldened then by almost total ignorance, let us proceed. The Beyer artifacts, assorted and classified, embrace six periods of man-life on Luzon, the most antiquated of them possibly dating prior to 8000 or 10,000 years B. C., with a second group running down to 2000 B. C. Only mesolithic and neolithic artifacts appear in the horizons of this period, with probably no pottery at all. It is determined then, that pre-Malayans, or possibly proto-Malayans, were living at so early a period in the vicinity of Manila. The last stone period, 2000 B. C. to 500 A. D., blends with the first iron period, 500 B. C. to Retai1 . American J)., Wh01esa Importers Agents BOTICA BOIE ° MANILA Heavy Chemicals—Fertilizer —Manufacturers We have been selling drugs for 97 years IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 7 Iron-Ape Beads and Bangles, probably made in India years ago. The InrRe beads of carnc500 A. D. This period is identified by highly polished or finished stone artifacts of a late neolithic type. There are a few small ill-made iron artifacts, with probably some rough com mon pottery; also beads and other ornaments made of various stones. By this time, Malayan man had begun to get a hump on himself—speak ing in the American vulgate of the late Victorian era. He had no plumes or feathers, but, hard put to it, he did resort to ingenious artificial ornamentation, capturing the wayward fancy of his primitive lady. Fancy the bold and patient swain, crouched at the edge of a river, with the current to help him—one of his first machines!— fashioning, on large hard stones, smaller and softer opps into beads to string on some wild hemp fiber! But no doubt he enslaved women for this tedious task, or set his older wives at it whilst he went skylarking with the younger. No doubt he was a rogue, little ennobled as yet by religion and philosophy. He fought other men with bows and arrows, also spears, sometimes tipped with stone and sometimes with iron,"and kept his neighbors and himself dwelling in a world of fear whose phenomena they all read as auspices and could in no wise comprehend. With the same weapons he slew his game: his deadly missiles and his naked footsteps were alike noiseless in the trackless jungle. He could make fire, since he melted and molded iron: in working with flint, some of the flying sparks had fortuitously fallen upon tinder. If not that, then some other accidental dis covery: let the scientists say. That will have been something for his sor ceresses to have a hand in. They may have forbidden the purposeful repetition of fire making, only to send the bolder and younger tribesmen into the mountains, to make fire at will and become bootleggers of iron. The younger generation must already have become the world’s despair, setting grayheads to nodd ing portentously. But iron continued to find its way into the villages, more and better iron. The second iron period, 500 A. D. to 1000 A. D., is characterized by large and well made artifacts of iron; by finely polished and decorated common pottery, glass and terracotta beads and bangles, together with gold, silver and bronze ornaments. Now this is terrible. What is the source of all these fol-de-rols and fandangles, undermining native virtues and culture? There has been an invasion, that’s what. Sure enough there has been, at least a cultural invasion—from Mother India. Trade and intercourse with China begin later. Mother India is old, effete. Besides, she falls trading with the barbarian West, via Arab fleets and caravans. As India’s glory sets, China’s shines the brighter over the Philippines. But the Hindu period leaves its mark, in the blood and culture of the people. It is only that the barbarian West, stimulated to refinement by its great new religion and some Greek books rediscovered and painstakingly translated, is such a customer for Indian wares that the Phil ippine trade becomes unimportant and the apostles of Brahma go home. The first glazed-ware period blends into the second iron age and dates 900 A. D. to 1500 A. D. For a long time now the natives have been making pottery, but the Chinese ceramic art is more refined, replete with the symbolism of a learned culture, hence it is a luxury for which the Philippines willingly trade junkloads of Manila hemp, rattan, cotton, and the like. There is a thriving China-sea commerce. To this period pertain porcelain artifacts, stone ware or glazed hard-pottery fragments of the Sung, Yuan, and early Ming dynasties. There are types of thick common pottery jars, stoves, etc., not previously known. Last of the periods is the second glazed-ware, 1500 to the present date. The earlier porce lains of this period are those of the late Ming and early Ch’ing dynasties. Wheel-made com mon pottery persists throughout. The reader will bear in mind that the artifacts mentioned are those made from materials which endure longest. Many others from other mate rials, more and more as time transpired, served their useful purpose and decayed. Dr. Beyer was assisted in making the collection by W. S. Boston. Scientific studies of the collection will soon be published by the Phil ippine Bureau of Science. The illustrations are from Journal photographs. Rubber Profits 100 Per Cent in 1926. At its 18th annual meeting, the Basilan Plan tation Company declared a dividend of 10% from its net profits of $54,000, in round numbers, last year. Its plantation of rubber trees and coconuts is on Basilan island, off the coast from Zamboanga. During last year, 53,394 trees were tapped daily, the tappers averaging daily 463 trees apiece, the rubber produced being just over 144 metric tons. The cost of rubber laid down in Singapore was just over 26 centavos a pound, and on March 7, when the news of the dividend came out, rubber was bringing 52 centavos a pound in Singapore, or double the production cost. Of course much better prices were obtained by the company last year, rubber has recently slumped; so that it is seen that even the current low market affords the Philippine producer a profit of 100%. Indeed the average price the company received was 1*0.6729 a pound, against even a better price, 1*0.7690 a pound, During 1927 also, the company marketed 304,410 coconuts with the Philippine Desiccated Coconut Company at Zamboanga, the average price being 1*44.82 per 1000 and the average all-in cost 1’27.05, compared with all-in costs of 1’16.09 and 1’15.83 in 1926 and 1925 respect ively. A short crop last season probably ex plains the rise in all-in costs. The report says current prospects are better and more rubber is being planted. The company’s capital is about $222,000, and $20,000 of stock amounting to $24,000 heretofore unissued, was taken at 80% over par. SDCONY MOTOR OILS AND GASOLINE At service stations and dealers on all motor roads The result of over half a century of refining experience Standard Oil Company of New York IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 Kalinga, the Land of Plenty By Kilmer O. Moe The trail extends on from Bontok along a narrow mountain gorge where the roadbed for the most part is blasted out of solid rock. In reality it is a shelf constructed along the rock wall. The country in the main is very barren, forming a natural barrier between the Bontoks and the Kalingas. The few settled places along the trail are hugging the gorge, with made farms that could not possibly yield anything like a decent livelihood. At Tinglayan we found a people speaking a dialect quite different from the Bontoks. We were told that they were more akin to the Kalingas. They were hemmed in on all sides with moun tains so steep and rugged as to shut out the horizon altogether. This little tribe serves as a buffer state between the two stronger nations, the Bontoks and the Kalingas. The Tinglayans are seemingly better off than the Bontoks as indicated by a greater profusion of beads and trinkets that adorn their persons. Those we saw were sporting beads of shell and amber in much greater quan tity than either the Ifugaos or the Bontoks could afford to wear. Their bronze earrings were shaped with a design similar to those of the other mountain tribes but were twice the size of those we saw in other sections. The weight of these massive ornaments stretched the lobes of their ears into an elongated streak pointing downward. Not content with this weight the women of the tribe have added pendants of shell which hang forward and spread out over the chest; the pearl white stands out in strong con trast to the dark brown skin of these mountain belles. Further on the gorge opens into a broader and more fertile valley. Here the fields of rice are rather extensive but not nearly so much drudgery is connected with farming as is seen in Bontok or in Ifugap. As we passed along the trail we saw more and more evidences of worldly wealth and comparative ease. Carabaos and other work animals were used, and the fields were more extensive, showing that the crop yield per man is higher. This in turn has led to greater prosperity and more advancement. These villages, we were told, are more than self supporting. They dispose of the surplus .by selling it to the Bontoks. Formerly these people were the victims of periodic raids, so they owe much of their present advancement to the reign of law and order that has been established, under which their more powerful enemies are restrained from ravaging their fields and dispossessing them of their hard earned wealth. They also grow sugar cane, coffee and yams. We came to a barrio called Bangad where an old patriarch had gathered his sons around him to help operate a primitive sugar mill. This headman fed the mill while his numerous male offsprings furnished the motor power. The wooden rollers crushed the juice out of the stalks, which was caught in a copper pan below to be boiled down in iron kettles. The juice is also converted into basi, an alcoholic beverage much prized for cafiaos or feasts to regale the thirsty revellers. A Fruitful Country Before reaching the Kalinga country it is necessary to cross a mountain range over a circuitous route where the trail is usually muddy as the clouds condense on the other side of the slope. Our horses were tired and we made but slow progress. It was dark before we reached the town of Lubuagan situated in the midst of terraced rice fields and in a most delightful climate. ___The rains throughout the year serve to make Kalinga a fruitful country. The people are prosperous, and good productive land is every where abundant. We were told that there is room in Kalinga for all the terrace builders that live in such straightened circumstances in the sub-provinces of Bontok and Ifugao. Could they be induced to leave their narrow mountain valleys and find homes among the Kalingas it would be to the lasting advantage of all the mountain peoples. This can only be done as the barriers that have been erected over generations of head hunting raids are broken away allowing for a free intercourse of ideas and of barter. This task may take generations before it is really accomplished, but it is bound to come about and the mountain peoples will eventually look upon themselves as one race with a single destiny. Such is the magic effect of the open trail and of adequate protection for life and property. The Kalingas ride in on their ponies to their capital, Lubuagan, from long distances. The resulting scene in the public market is one of great animation rich with trappings of tribal significance. An occasional cafiao with native dances around the bonfire relieve the monotony. Their dances are char acteristic of the tribe, the same as are those of the Bontoks and the Ifugaos. The cart trail endsatLubuagan. That fact alone makes it an im portant market center. The hin terland stretches back over rugged mountain country forahundred miles and is reached only by horse trail or foot path. Pro ducts like coffee or cacao,trinketsand articles of clothing are light in weight and are transport ed on horseback or carried on the backs of men. The surplus rice grown in the mountain villages is packed in on the backs of carabaos to Lubuagan where cart trains are formed for transporting it to Bontok along the mountain trail. The Kalingas are a strong race, well formed and active. They are properly considered the aristocrats of the mountains. Their productive /and has given them a great advantage over their rivals in Bontok. This has led to better living conditions and a higher culture. They build better houses and keep their premises clean. Perhaps the first thing to impress the traveler who penetrates to the Kalinga country is the personal cleanliness of the people and the well kept homes in which they live. The contrast with the other mountain peoples where eco nomic pressure is so great is quite remarkable. Men and women crowded around to see the new visitors. When they learned that we were interested in their clothing and their trinkets, they brought us bronze earrings with shell pendants, and skirts for gala occasions woven by their women and trimmed with pieces of shell sewed on in regular rows and left dangling. These rattled pleasantly with every movement of the body and, no doubt, helped to keep the rhythm of the dance when the tomtoms sounded the call to action. These articles we were able to buy, but nothing would induce them to part with their strings of amber beads. We were informed that these were heirlooms that had been handed down from generation to generation and are prized very highly. They are indicative of wealth and influence of the family, which would lose prestige at once if members were to dispose of any of the family jewels. A single amber bead has the value of a carabao, so one might say that the women, all beaded up, carry the family fortune upon their persons. Off The Beaten Trail At Lubuagan we secured fresh ponies and packers to go to Balbalan, twenty kilometers farther into the Kalinga country. This is the point where the trail forks, one branch going to Apayao and the other to Abra via Balbalasan. In accord with local prejudices we had to change carriers twice on the way and the delay caused us to finish the last few kilometers in the dark. This trail was the roughest that we had yet been over, being both steep and muddy. The rocky stretches were so stony that the horses had to plod along for the most part at a slow walk. We were now getting away from main traveled roads. Practically all visitors stop at Lubuagan and retrace their steps over the cart trail. But we were out for experiences, determined to learn how other people live, so we could not permit the inconveniences of the road or lack of rest houses to stop our progress. Consequent ly we ate the rice and chicken that the caretaker set before us and spent the night on boards so hard that every joint seemed to stick out and every bone fairly ached with discomfort. The next morning we changed horses and were given a couple of mouse colored animals that looked like rats. For size they were the most diminutive specimens of horse flesh we had ever ridden. They however proved to be good travelers and we made excellent time except when we were obliged to stop at intervals and negotiate for a change of carriers. As we were waiting for the change of men on a certain hillside, the sun beat down on us most unmercifully. We let our miniature horses nibble the grass beside the trail. In order that we might get the benefit of a little shade we start ed to move the packs, for seats, when one of the rats that served as a pony reared back in fright. This disturbed a roll and a pair of shoes tied to the saddle, which caused him to go into a frenzy. He bucked himself off the trail and rolled head first down a very steep incline. After that, he got himself twisted around on one side, and rolled over half a dozen times before he finally stopped at the bottom. Still the saddle stuck on. He resumed his bucking and kicking until finally a strap broke and he shed his en cumbrances. He ran on for five hundred metres and stopped. Here he was caught without any trouble, as his frenzy had expended itself. He didn’t even have a scratch after this flirting with death, which goes to show something of the mettle of upland ponies. We collected the gear, spliced up the broken straps and continued our journey to Patikian, where a settlement farm school is located. The place was deserted when we arrived. The doors and windows were nailed and the teachers were gone for a week to attend an institute somewhere. There was nothing to do but break in as our episode with the horse pre cluded any possibility of reaching Balbalasan that day. We went to a Kalinga barrio and secured some mountain rice and then we caught one of the teacher’s chickens and had it dressed. Soon we had a well cooked meal under way. We found some salt in a bamboo tube, enough to season our food. We made tea in the old charred tea pot and put the chicken to boil in one of the jars. In a half hour we added moun tain rice and it made a dish fit for the gods. The next morning we had some of the same thing but to save it from the rats it was neces sary to get up several times during the night and scare them off. Finally we decided to take the mixture of cooked rice and chicken to bed with us in order to make sure that it would be there in the morning. Such are the experiences one may expect who leaves the main traveled road where rest houses have not as yet been established. The King of the Kalingas Long before we reached his territory we heard of Captain Puyao, otherwise known as the King of the Kalingas. He is the most influential of all the Kalingas and has been vested with considerable authority by the gov-° ernment because he has shown himself to be progressive and tireless' in his efforts to elevate his neighbors. We found him at home in the March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 9 town of Balbalasan^) some sixty kilometers away from the provincietr capital where he rules like a benign despot. He took great pride in show ing us his house and the sanitation of the barrio in which he lived. It was Christmas, and Captain Puyao insisted that we accept from him some offerings in the way of food supplies. He sent us mountain rice, fruit, eggs and chickens; we fared well On a Kalinga Trail under his care. He also scoured the barrio for horses and saddles, so that we might get an early start the next morning on the long trail over the mountains to Abra province where the Tinguianes live. We said goodby to Captain Puyao, whom we found to be a Tinguian who in his youth had crossed over the mountains and identified him self with the Kalingas. He gained an ascend ency over his adopted people because of his .superior ability and, as the years passed, they soon learned to recognize him as their leader in all matters affecting the general welfare of the tribe. He had learned the ways of civilization, was shrewd in barter and had amassed consider able property. He kept communications open with the more advanced Tinguianes and wel comed the coming of Ilocano merchants to exchange cloth and trinkets for coffee, cacao and other mountain products. This shows something of the way in which civilization is being extended to include our one time head hunters. Let the simple minded mountaineer get a taste of the better things of life and it awakens ambitions and desires. The gratification of such desires leads to progress and prosperity. We got an early start the next morning on the forty kilometer ride over the mountains to the land of the Tinguianes. The road led up and up for thirteen kilometers, over the steep bound ary between Kalinga and Abra. As we swung around the hill we came face to face with the cold wind of the mountain top. It was laden with fog and mist which scurried around the peaks. We felt the cold to the marrow of our bones and the moist wind stung our faces like so much sleet. No wonder the tribes have been kept apart down through the ages, with natural barriers like this mountain between them. It was now noon, but as we were yet in the moss covered forest of mountain oak there was nothing for the horses to eat and no place for man or beast to stay with any degree of comfort, so we pushed forward for another hour until we got down to where the pine trees grow. Here the trees grow more sparsely, and this allows for the growth of coarse grass. We made a • dry camp and finished with great relish what was left of the food given us by Capitan Puyao. From this point we soon left the pines and got into tropical forests. Soon we came upon a grassy ridge from which we could see the rice fields of Ba-ay, in the land where the Tinguianes live. There before us lay the route over which progress and enlightenment is destined to travel in order to reach the finest race of mountaineers in all the uplands. Oddities of Stockholm: Appetites and Baths By John Gunther* We got into Stockholm—surely one of the most beautiful cities in the world—late in a brilliant afternoon in early June. Several things happened. Entrance into Sweden is exciting. The first thing was horticultural. The rail road station was big, crowded, noisy, orderly— and full of flowers! Cut flowers, freshly watered, stood on the windowsills, in neat designs in the center of the concourse, on the trains themselves. Flowers—in a busy railroad station! And we decided that Stockholm was a decor ative city. Keep the Grass Swept. The second thing also was horticultural. Out side the station is a park. On the grass of the park we saw women with long brooms sweep ing. What were they sweeping? The grass. And we decided that Stockholm was a clean city. The. third thing was more dynamic. We tumbled, bags and porters and all, to the taxis. But we did not get in the taxis. Why? Because an extremely efficient commissionaire was giving each porter a numbered tag and assigning him, and us with him, to whatever taxi, moving slowly up the line, cortesponded to our number. At that moment also our bags disappeared. Jt was a shocking thing to have our bags disappear. We found them later—open in our room at the hotel. And we decided that Stockholm was an orderly city. It is these three things and much else besides. We had been in Stockholm a week. In the hotel the chambermaid had been to consider able unauthorized trouble to make us comfort able. She brought us a new desk. She fixed the bed lights. She kept the room dazzling in cleanliness. After a week of it (though tips are taboo) I thought that perhaps a kronen or two slipped inconspicuously into the palm might not be amiss. The chambermaid handed the kronen or two— right back. We blanched. After all, Stockholm is in Europe, and no one in Europe ever turned down a tip. “No,” said the chambermaid. “It’s not allowed.” We argued. “Besides, you’re travelers here,” she said sternly, “and you’ll be a-needing your money!” And that ended that! Later we discovered that, like most other servants, she pays almost 10 per cent of her wages in taxes—though to be sure these taxes come back to her eventually as sick relief, accident insurance and an old-age or disability pension. Anyway, we decided Stockholm was another thing. Not merely decorative and clean and orderly. Unique. For Europe—unique! Bathing a Strange Affair. As far as we could gather the Swedes have two great indoor sports—bathing and eating. They are great bathers and also great eaters. Now, a Swedish bath is a strange and terrify ing affair. I undress and get into the tub. WELCH - FAIRCHILD, LTD. SUGAR FACTORS AND EXPORTERS Agents Hawaiian - Philippine Company Operating Sugar Central Silay, Occ. Negros, P. I. Mindoro Sugar Company San Jos4, Mindoro, P. I. MANILA, P. I. Cable Address: WEIIALD, Manila Standard Codes I turn on the water and loll in the water. I begin to wash. So far .so good; just like any ordinary bath. But then something happens. There is an ominous knock on the door and, despite my protestations, the knock is followed by an even more ominous slow turn of the key in the door. The manager? The police? Nay, as the Swedes say—nay, nay. It is an elderly lady. And she has a long, stiff forearm and in the long stiff forearm is a long, stiff brush. The bath thereupon begins. It ends, twenty minutes later. I am in the tub, in the water; but the physical fact of presence is my sole con tribution to the occasion. I am helpless. Noth ing is more helpless than a man supine in a bathtub—before a long, stiff forearm and a long, stiff brush. Anyway, I get clean. And any way, if it gets too terrifying, the management conveniently keeps a little telephone within reach in the room. Eating No Sport for Amateur. Eating is the other sport. This is a serious sport, and one not to be undertaken lightly. This sport may be begun at any time during the day, and may be maintained almost in definitely, according to capacity. Natives in excellent condition have been known to sit down at 4 in the afternoon (the proper dinner hour), and arise at midnight. Such a strenuous afternoon is not recommended, however, for amateurs. Still, the occasion is always there. At one good Stockholm restaurant “lunch” lasts from 8 a. m. till 2 p. m., “middag” from II till 4, “specialdiner” from 3 till 8 (p. m.), “supe” from 7 till 11, and “cafe med konditoriserving” from 5 till midnight. This latter requires special precautions while in training; it is sweet and dangerous. Under amateur rules, the sport may begin at any time, but overlapping is strictly forbidden. Lunch usually is the simplest manifestation of this sport. Sit down and the waiter says I am going to have “smorgasbord.” I agree. As in the bath, I have little to say. The waiter thereupon brings in relays portions of caviare, smoked salmon, raw salmon, Russian salad, beet-root, pickled shrimps, unpickled shrimps, “sill,” seven different kinds of herring, sardine in oil, sardine in tomato, filet of anchovy, smoked anchovy, pickled anchovy, radishes, eggs mayon naise, green beans, slices of tongue, raw ham and smoked ham, reindeer steak, cucumbers, lettuce, meat-balls, tomatoes, occasionally nug gets of lobster, whitefish (raw), tunafi^h and always inexpressibly delicious brown brepd and fresh butter. An hour later, groggy, I arise. “No! No!” shouts the waiter, running. I sink back, before his compelling hand. “Now," he announces imperatively, "luncheon is about to begin!” N. B.—The mortality from appendicitis in Stockholm is alleged (by prejudiced observers) to be the highest in the world. ♦This is the third of the Gunther articles on Sweden, for which the Journal is indebted to the Chicago Dailg iVcus. The fourth will appear in an early number.—ED. New York Agents: Welch, Fairchild 8b Co., Inc. 135 Front Street San Francisco Agents: Welch 8b..Co., '215 Market Street IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 10 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 EDITORIAL OFFICES American Chamber of Commerce 180 CALLE DAVID P. O. Box 1638 Telephone 2-11-56 CATCHING TOURIST FLIES Flies are caught with honey, tourists with strange or pleasant things to see under comfortable circumstances. Don’t complain of the manage ment when tourist ships pull into Manila one morning and out the next, or possibly that same evening. When Manila and the islands have done their part, or part of it, the ships will stay in port longer and their patrons will spend more money. Here are a few things to be done: Keep the walled city intact. Remove the animals from the Mehan gardens to Harrison park, get a lot more of them and maintain a first rate zoo. i Convert the vacated space in the gardens into an orchid conservatory and a fernery. Get as many specimens of our 10,000 species of flora into the gardens as possible. Make the place notable—worth advertising. Go over to Caridad, Cavite, or in that vicinity, and provide a pleasure beach. Surf bathing is reputed excellent there, which isn’t true of the Manila beach. Make the new place notable—worth advertising. Improve the port of San Fernando, Union, so that the ships may stop there and give their patrons a short trip to Baguio with choice of the rail way, the ship, or motoring back to Manila. Make the port notable worth advertising.' Wherever the tourists go, have things to sell—native things, genuine things. Make the little markets notable—worth advertising. Provide native entertainment: the songs, the dances, the costumes of the people. Make it notable—worth advertising—and charge for it. Don’t forget to charge, always reasonably, but always. Tourists like it, they take real delight in spending; nothing is more popular with them than novelties for which they can exchange their money, always burning their pockets. Chop suey is popular elsewhere, and Japan manages in her ingratiating manner to make visitors nibble raw fish with apparent relish. Pansit or some other dish could be made popular here. Manila needs a restaurant theater for this sort of thing. Arrange motor trips, but at the end have plenty of girls in costume, plenty of native entertainment, and plenty of products to sell. Given in a cool theater, at the time tourist ships are in port, the concerts of the Manila Chamber Music Society would lend the city world fame. Make the motor trips as notable—worth advertising. When you have provided all this, advertise. The islands have hun dreds of attractions, none of them ever quite ready for display. Get them ready and run off the show. Let your light shine. AWAITING THE DRAMA Though he may find something to add, Governor Stimson will perhaps never have to take back anything he said in his brief but very impressive inaugural address, wherein he laid emphasis upon the wisdom and neces sity of encouraging the growth in the Philippines of a commercial and manu facturing middle-class. He has the preponderance of the argument when he says that industry fosters and preserves democracy, which may perish or never exist at all in an agricultural country. His words augur well for his administration: to be taken into account by the legislature and the judiciary, they are likewise significant for the executive. Getting directly to our point, while it is in every way desirable to induce more capital and more industrial ability to throw in their lot with the Phil ippines, one thing is more important still. This is the fair treatment and protection of capital and ability already here, so that they may, being already established, be pleased with what they have undertaken to do, and be evidences of what others may come and do. There can be no doubt that the government has placed and is keeping certain very obvious and harmful impediments in the way of the developing Philippines middle class. The sales tax is such an impediment; so is the bureau of supply; so is the New York purchasing office; so is, we believe, the remnant of the Australian-beef contract. The executive and the legislature together are therefore facing at least two imperative duties concerning this middle-class question: one, to devise a substitute for the sales tax; the other, to abolish the purchasing office, if not the bureau of supply itself. Perhaps the purchasing office should go first, and the bureau be kept under observation as a pathological case. Nothing would be more conducive than steps of this kind, practical steps having immediate results, toward encouraging the middle class already existing, and augmenting its numbers. Sheriffs who would enforce execu tions are also needed; they would help credits immensely, and lower the prevailing rates of interest. PRESIDENT MURPHY’S TRIBUTE Universally commendatory were the comments of community leaders on Governor Stimson’s inaugural address. Pressed by space, we quote but two of these from a “press” equal to the best any incoming governor ever received. On that occasion the newspapers turned out the best job in the history of insular journalism; if any reader has failed to read and file away the special issues of the Tribune and the Herald and the regular issue of the Bulletin, let him do so now- President Robert E. Murphy’s comment appeared in the Herald: The American Chamber of Commerce joins with the other business organizations of the Philippine Islands in extending to our Chief Executive, Governor General Henry L. Stimson, a very cordial welcome to the Philippines. We hope that he will find his duties here pleasing to him personally and that his efforts in an administrative way will tend toward economic advancement of the people generally. Naturally, as a business organization, we look forward to good government as a sure means of business advancement. The American Chamber of Commerce will stand solidly by Mr. Stimson because we are confident that his efforts will be for the stimulation of trade conditions here. Then the following from Major Wm. H. Anderson, a Democrat and leading business man, taken from the Bulletin: Governor General Stimson has brought a message of hope for all residents of the Philippines. He has clearly pointed out that the “independence” question is solely confined to the halls of Congress in Washington. He has strongly emphasized that the taxation limit has been reached. * * * Although I have been here in business since 1901, the governor's address is the first spark of encouragement ever given out to the American business man. * * * The governor's classification of the industrial and business man and his relationship with the progress of the community stamps him as fully conversant with the determining forces of life and the economic problems that go with it. The American civilservice servant and the American business man have been at last recognized. The governor’s sense of justice and fairness to Fili pinos and all others should pave the way for harmony and coopera tion in government and in business which will bring contentment and prosperity to these islands. Can You Write? Why Not Try Your Hand? What the American Chamber of Commerce Journal Wants Fiction stories worth P100 apiece And essays from American women, particularly women living in the provinces, on their life in the islands: personal sketches, the sunshine and rain of insular life. For acceptable ones with pic tures, P20 upon publication. And description of comfortable and well equipped provincial homes: those having lights, ice and modem conveniences. Data should include a clear photograph for reproduction. For acceptable stories of this kind, PIS upon publication. And lesser items. Who grows good coffee, good melons, poultry, cattle, hogs, roses, orchids? You, maybe. For data on methods, soil, planting, care, etc., with pictures, PIO upon publication. The Journal wants the Philippine public to know that the magazine is on sale at the Philippine Education Co.. Escolta, Manila Hotel, Army and Navy Club, Plaza Lunch, Tom's Dixie Kitchen, Goulette's, and the Alhambra Cigar Stand, Escolta; of general interest. March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 11 Four Best Manila Newspaper February Editorials ❖ <§> ® University Selection: Also the Best Among the Four SPEAKING FROM EXPERIENCE (Bulletin: February 16) Advice on the Philippines from Eugene A. Gilmore is worthy of consideration. His counsel commands attention because of his knowledge of the subject and because of his demonstrated sincerity and frank honesty in dealing with it. That explains the rare significance of an address which the acting governor general delivered at a banquet given in his honor by the chambers of commerce of the Philippine Islands, commercial bodies representing the nationalities of the cosmopolitan community which is Manila. Added meaning is attributed to the words of the chief executive because of the fact that the function in his honor was a tribute by the various elements of the com munity on the occasion of his approaching retirement from the office in which he has won unstinted praise from all quarters. Mr. Gilmore, who spoke in response to words of high praise from an American representative of the chambers of commerce and a Filipino spokesman for the Philippine legislature, gave a clear outline of the policy which he has fol lowed in accomplishing that which the other speakers had described as rare service in good government. He responded to talks character ized by their acknowledgment of the merits of cooperation without sacrifice of fundamental principle. In such an atmosphere his counsel carried conviction. The same talk from an outside observer would have been far less im portant. Had he delivered the same address as he was entering office it would not have carried such weight. Even if his address had preceded that of the representative of the legislature it would not have had such telling force. He did not scold. He did not cavil. In fact he praised liberally. He praised the legis lature for active cooperation. He praised his associates in the service of the government for accomplishments enumerated by him and by the speakers who had just paid him tribute. He showed an unmistakable respect for ac complishment, an undisputable devotion to the cause of progress without regard to the identity of those getting the credit. A full realization of the intimacy of his ac quaintance, the sincerity of his friendliness and the depth of his conviction is essential to an appreciation of the meaning of his discussion of what could and should be done here to contri bute to the cause of good government. It was not the voice of a carping critic heard when he pleaded for economic mindedness, when he called for the development of a public opinion which would take political issues away from personalities and tie them up with essential problems affecting the welfare of the people. There is real merit in the advice of one who earns the right to talk and then talks. Therein lies the significance of the address of Acting Governor Gilmore at the banquet in recogni tion of his service. HE SMOKED THE CALUMET OF PEACE! (Herald: February 29) Cooperation is within earshot. It has satur ated the atmosphere since a new political con dition came about through a temporary rift in the administration. For years, the country has been in political turmoil, with two branches of the Government, the Executive and the Legislature, fighting: the one apparently for absolute supremacy, the other for a recognition of its authority. The political air was stifling. It was overladen with the spirit of unfriendliness, if not rancour. Towards the close of that “war of attrition,” the people were feeling tired, wearied. They were showing signs of exhaustion and ennui and wished that there should come respite. 1. Speaking from Experience. (Bul letin, February 16)—Selected by Professor Vicente M. Hilario. 2. He Smoked the Calumet of Peace. (Herald, February 29)—Selected by Mr. Marcial Lichauco. 2. Osmena’s Voice. (Times, Febbruary 29)—Selected by Professor Cristino Jamias. 4. The More Economical Extension. Tribune, February 11)—Selected by Mr. Jesus Valenzuela. Best of the Month: Speaking from Ex perience.—(Bulletin, January 10)— Selected by the above four judges and G. P. Shannon. Certified. —G. P. Shannon There was a relief. With the temporary change in administration, in the assignment of another man to steer the country, to administer Philippine affairs, a new era appeared to have dawned. The feeling of suspicion and distrust vanished. Mutual confidence between the peo ple’s representatives and the Chief Executive was reestablished. It was the calm after the storm,—and the calm continues to betoken that kindly feeling which means so much to the governed. And it was Acting Governor-General Eugene A. Gilmore, the Peace-Maker, who, equipped with a better comprehension of the people’s desires and a -broader vision, sensed where the wound was. And, with that knowledge, he set about on the first day of his incumbency to apply his science to the disease. The change was almost miraculous. There was a general sigh of relief as he assumed his new role. These was a new turn in the political order. Co operation with the Chief Executive came about as a matter of course. And it is still on. Acting Governor Gilmore is verily the precursor of the Prophet. He prepared the ground for the Prophet's advent. And the people are pre disposed to receive him and to sing hosannas in his honor. We have a peculiar and difficult government in these Islands. While it is democratic in form, it is not so in substance. While in a truly democratic government, as Senator Osmena has indicated, like that of the United States, the power of government lies with the people and the citizenry only delegates such power to the three branches in the government, in the Phil ippines such a governmental plan is not followed closely, for the Chief Executive here is not elected by the people. Our Government is, therefore, only half-democratic, the people making their power felt through the Legislature which is likely to clash with the Chief Executive over the question of authority. It is this peculiar political arrangement that makes our Govern ment a difficult system. However, the Legislature which represents the people cannot be totally disregarded. We cannot grant authority to the people and then try to quash their wishes when they make them known through their constitutional represent atives. And it takes a Chief Executive who is possessed with a benign disposition and the heart of a benevolent administrator to extricate himself from a labyrinth of technicalities, a big man who can rise above himself and view the situation under him with that high purpose of a Governor who has come not to govern or to rule, but to do good. On this last day of Acting Governor Gilmore in the Chief Executive’s chair, we want to make it plain that, although we have had a few minor differences over various details of his adminis tration, yet we have been the first to sense and commend publicly the “Gilmore Way” of govern ment which he has used so successfully in win ning all elements in the community to rally to the support of his shortlived administration. His was a significant period in the Philippine government. Under him, the “armistice” was brought about. His sagacious administration has prepared the mind of the people for peace and cooperation. And on this his last day at Malacanang, we greet him as Gilmore, the Peace-Maker. OSMENA’S VOICE (Times: February 29) The sphinx, which in the Philippines is Senator Osmena, has spoken. Senator Osmena since he faded out of the center of the stage, has sel dom spoken but every time he speaks, every word he says has meat, so to speak. And yes terday was one of the few occasions where he made himself heard. It was during the farewell banquet given by Acting Governor General Gilmore to his official family and to newspaper men. He gave a resume of his observations in the provinces and the United States, spoke with breadth of vision and as a leader of men rose sublimely to the occasion. He paid a tribute as deserving as it is just, to government officials in the provinces and municipalities, commended Frank W. Carpenter who laid the foundations for successful and efficient provincial adminis tration and attributed to coordination Mr. Gil more’s success in his handling of the Philippine government during these last few months. But of special interest to the public is his declaration regarding the American govern ment in the Philippines. As he said it, while it is true that the American government here is based on force, it is not the force of military po wer but the force of the promises made by the American government before the Filipinos laid down their arms. More than the force of arms, the Filipinos were conquered by the force of American ideals, by America’s pledge of honor, he remarked. The statement is the more significant as it has been made by a great Filipino leader of today. It invites serious reflection on the part of those who would have others believe that America is here by right of might and not to fulfill certain obligations she has imposed upon herself when she took over the islands. THE MORE ECONOMICAL EXTENSION (Tribune: February 11) The Tribune has suggested that instead of devoting vast insular funds to the extension of Dakota Street and Taft Avenue through Pasay— two projects which are more of local significance than insular—the funds available should be applied to extending Dewey Boulevard to Pasay. Inquiries made among competent government engineers have brought out that the most eco nomical and expeditious method of improving Manila’s contact with the South Road is by extending the Dewey Boulevard to Pasay in accordance with the Burnham plan. • From the new south breakwater to Calle Libertad is only 1,500 meters. To build a retaining wall, fill with material from the bay, and construct an asphalted boulevard 20 meters wide, would cost between 1’200,000 and 1’250,000. On the other hand, the mere purchase of the right-of-way for the Taft Avenue extension will reach this figure, and the cost of filling the right-of-way, situated, as it is, far from the bay, would involve huge additional outlay. Since property owners along the route of the Taft and Dakota extensions insist on blocking these projects by unreasonable prices for the right-of-way, the government should avail itself of the more economical boulevard extension where foreshore land may be reclaimed at a reasonable expense. Let Pasay pay for its Dakota Extensions, just as the taxpayers of Manila are paying for the portions which fell within the city. 12 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 The Month in Sports: The 1928 Open By Carroll D. Alcott from that moment on. He was the favorite at the end of the second round. Fielder teed off with Ben Few on his first round, the favorite, and went completely off his game. He took 78 strokes after encounter ing a great deal of trouble on the first nine. Fielder was given a chance to recover after his bad start. He bearsfa reputation of being able to rally in the face of heavy odds, but this time, he did not comeback while Moore, who made a 73 on the first round, continued playing steady golf. At the end of the third, the latter had cinched the title. He took it easy on .the last round, to turn in a 78. A great deal of Fielder’s trouble was on the greens. He took too little time with his putting with the result that his direction was bad and misses frequent. He was badly off the game that he played when he won the army cham pionship three months ago. Moore is a worthy champion and his victory places the army in the Philippines at the top of the local golf world. Hal Joyce, playing for the first time in the open, found the breaks against him. He was the only pro entered, unless Wack Wackers still considered Larry Montes a professional, and he was given a good chance on paper to finish among the first four. If I had been picking the finishers before the field teed off at the start of the first round, Fielder, Montes, Joyce and Few would have been my choice in the order named. How badly my selection would have been off is at tested in the order they finished—Moore, Few, Gonzales and Nell. Few alone played true to The 1929 open golf championship of the Philippines should see a Filipino finish at the top if the cards turned in by a quartet of Manila caddies at the end of the 1928 tourna ment played last month at Caloocan are to be considered as fair criterions. Larry Montes, “ToyToy” Gonzales, I. Mus ca and C. Andres are the four caddies whom the field will be forced to watch next year. They were the only four ' Filipinos who qualified in this season’s event and with the exception of Montes they were playing in their first tournament. Larry was the only one of the quartet who didn’t finish. He made the sad mistake of holing out on the eighth green of his second round with his opponent's ball, and was im mediately disqualified. W. Douglas, his op ponent, was likewise ejected from the compe tition for committing the same grave error. Douglas was the first to make the mistake. He played Larry’s ball on his second shot off the tee. Larry followed suit and they had both holed out before discovering the error. Under the circumstances there was only one thing to do and the rules committee did it. Larry continued playing and finished the prescribed 72 holes with a card of 287, six strokes under the score made by the winner, Captain J. C. Moore, of Fort McKinley. True enough, the strain had been removed from his shoulders, but that margin of six indicates very plainly what would have, likely happened had he re mained in. He might not have won, but he was almost a cinch to finish among the first three or four. Gonzales, the Wack Wack hope, rallied after a bad start, to finish in third place, right behind Ben Few, the runnerup. “Toy-Toy” took a 72 and a 73 on his last two rounds to pull him up and he went the distance in 302 strokes. Next year Gonzales can be counted upon to improve and he will unquestionably be a for midable threat. He has a lot to learn, but a year’s time can work wonders. “Toy-Toy” plays a whale of a game with the wood. He can drive with the best, but his iron play is still in need of training. It is his short game that he must necessarily devote a great deal of his time to during the next few months. Musca took a 307 while Andres played the distance in 311. Both played good golf and there is no doubt but what they will improve before 1929 rolls around. They should be able to tee off next season able to clip from five to ten strokes off their cards of last month. On the whole this year’s tournament produced better golf than the open of 1927. There were more entrants for one thing and a number of the veterans were forced to extend themselves to enter the championship flight. Captain J. C. Moore, the new champion; Captain Kendall J. Fielder and Hall Joyce were among those who were playing in the first Phil ippines open. Fielder and Joyce were among the favorites, but both failed to get away to anything like a good start and were unable to come back. Little was known of Captain Moore. He was the only real darkhorse of the tournament and he wasn’t conceded much of a chance to finish near the top, not even by many of his friends. He is not a veteran golfer and took up the game only a few years ago. But he has certainly made great progress with it, judging from his excellent work in the open. Moore played the qualifying round in 150, 10 strokes above Captain Fielder’s low medal of 140. He started clipping down his score The toughest bunkers and the deepest sand traps all look alike to Burke’s Graduated Irons. There is a perfectly designed and con structed club for every shot. Come in and see them BURKE’S GOLFRITE GRADUATED IRONS SQUIRES BINGHAM CO. 15 Plaza Goiti Tel. 3-00 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 13 expectations. Ben went the limit with his customary game. He was seldom in trouble and his putting was invariably good. Ben is a good tournament player and always a con tender. E. J. “Eddie” Nell was the star performer on the first day of the tournament. He copped the headlines by turning in low score of the initial 18, a 72, in spite of the fact that he got off to a poor start. J. R. H. “Bob” Mason, 1927 champion, was off his game. He picked up his ball on the 11th hole of the last round and quit. “Bob’s” poor golf can be attributed to the fact that he entered the tournament a sick man. He was unable to take a full swing without hurting himself and consequently his driving was bad. There are plenty of trees on the Caloocan course and Mason hit most of them. In addition to the open golf championship, two other links events of importance have been completed. Lieutenant L. C. Wilder, of the geodetic coast survey, won the municipal course title when he defeated K. Watanabe, 1 up, in the final 36 hole match played Sunday, March 4. Wilder was 7 up at the end of the first round, but his Japanese opponent staged one of the most sensational rallies recorded in local golf annals this year by coming back in the last round to trim his opponent’s score down to 1 up. Mrs. H. P. Butler, runnerup in the women’s open, staged a comeback in the women’s cham pionship tournament of the ladies’ branch of the Manila Golf Club, beating Mrs. A. W. Atkins, 7 and 6, in the finals. The tournaments of last month indicated that the sport of Saint Andrews is increasing in popularity in Manila. The courses were more crowded than they were at the same time last year and the game is holding greater interest for the Filipino youth. The stars of the future in this city will unquestionably come from the ranks of the caddies and the day is not far dis tant when Manila can send a Filipino abroad with the assurance that he will stand a chance of finishing near the top in any competition he might enter. With the appearance of Larry Montes a year ago in the tournament class, Manila has paid some attention to its caddies and not without reason. There are more good golfers among the youngsters who lug your golf clubs on Phil ippine links than one finds on United States courses. They take to golf like a duck does to water and they are ambitious. The big problem is checking their ambition enough to keep them on the job. Returning to the growing popularity of the game in this city, there is to be found on the municipal links every Monday, a Filipino woman, slightly bent, wrinkled and usually bare-footed, dragging three or four clubs after her and play ing the course with a group of caddies. She seems to be tireless and has played as many as 36 holes in a day. At noon she takes her lunch with the caddies. She is the mother of two of them. The brand of golf this woman plays is above average. As a rule she turns in around 83 and 85, and she is steadily improving. She is the mother of Larry Montes. The caddy has taken his talents home and now the entire family is following the call of the greens. Baseball February saw the close of the first half of the Philippine Baseball League schedule. Meralco won the pennant with a record of 21 games won, nine lost and two tied. The Carmen played stellar baseball throughout the schedule and they are at present the best balanced club in the league. Cavite, conceded the best chance of winning at the start of the season, failed to come through with the necessary punch and finished with 18 victories, 14 losses and one tie. The Scouts and Eagles started too late to get in the race. The second half of the schedule promises to furnish some of the best baseball that has been witnessed in the islands for many years. The Eagles, Cavite and Meralco are now staging a nip and tuck race for first place and there seems to be little prospects of any one of the three breaking long enough to drop out. The Eagles are playing a bit better baseball than they did a month or two ago, although their game Sunday afternoon, March 4, with Meralco, would prove to the stranger viewing them in action for the first time that they can do anything else but play ball. The Carmen won, 10 to 6. Tin medals have been struck for all concerned with the exception of “Bobby” Robinson. The Eagle manager has been voted one made of putty. He bungled enough to make Peckinpaugh look like a piker. Meralco Philippines Golf Stars of 1928 From left to right: Ben Few, 1928 open runnerup; Captain Kendall J. Fielder, army champion; Captain J. C. Moore, 1928 open champion; E. J. Nell and Larry Montes. Inset: “Sam” Rowley, manager of the Manila Golf Club. was not above making errors either, three costly ones were checked up on their side of the score In spite of the bungling the March 4 game was of the sort that the fans like to see. There were plenty of hits and plenty of runs. It was vastly more interesting and entertaining to watch than the closing game played on the same day in which Cavite blanked the Scouts, 5 to 0. The latter contest provided better baseball after the second inning, but the spirit of competition was dead compared to the frantic efforts of the Eagles in attempting to regain their lost ground. With the two Harkins brothers back on the team and a new hitting acquisition in Burke, the Eagles have an even chance of finishing at the top of the loop to meet Meralco in the series. They have the best hitting club in the league and a strong pitching staff. The fielding is good as a rule, but in this department they have room for improvement. Meralco has the best pitching staff in the league with Bernales and Santos working more frequently. Birtulfo, who entered a slump at the start of the second half, has recovered suf ficiently to beat Cavite three games in a row, and it is to be presumed that he will continue hurling good baseball. Cavite is strong and must be regarded as a contender. In the field, the navy men are the best lot of ball players in the league. Casanova is the mainstay of the pitching staff while Gage, Charles Platon and Cruz are the best with the stick. None of three are hitting exceptionally well at present although they still have plenty of time to recover. The Scouts have shown little improvement and are resting at the bottom of the league. Interest in the games is greater than it was last year, a fact attested by the large crowds at the weekend doubleheaders. Even the Saturday games are better attended. Boxing The least said of last month’s boxing, the better. Little Moro won from Pete Sarmiento, according to Referee Bob Smith, on a foul. The fact of the matter is that Moro was knocked cold with a body punch to the solar plexus and the crowd, unable to appreciate body blows, clamored for Sarmiento’s scalp. Smith lost his mental equili brium and whatever knowledge he must have learned of the game in United States rings, by not counting Moro out and then conducting an examination. Moro didn’t act like a man who had been fouled. He was merely stretched out on the floor and didn’t manifest any of the agony of a man who has been dealt a low blow. The ringsiders, able to see the fight, agreed nine out of ten that Sarmiento had scored a knockout. But the ringsiders at the Stadium do not control the mind of the referee. The obrero section makes the most noise and cries of foul arose from that quarter. Little Moro will again get a chance to prove his worth when he meets Sarmiento in a return match, March 17. The only other card worth mention was the Garcia-Logan fight of February 18. Logan lost his welter championship. The lanky Span iard ran into a man much lighter than he, but possessed with enough skill to win. Garcia made Luis look like an ape and sufficiently out classed the champion as to leave no doubts in the minds of the fans as to who was the master. Boxing this month holds a great deal of prom ise. Kid Johnson and Kid Moro fight for the featherweight title on March 10. March 17 will see Moro and Sarmiento in action again, while March 24 has Logan and Garcia fighting a return match. The Montanez-Alexander battle of March 3 was a Madison Square Garden attraction. Montanez won the fight but was given a draw. The referee, Bebeng Gutierrez, sustained a lapse of memory and held up both fighters’ hands. Montanez won by virtue of a terrific body attack, but again the referee failed to comprehend the meaning of a body punch. The biggest upset on the March 3 card was the defeat of Little Pancho, the late Pancho Villa’s brother. Kid Balagtas, a 100 pound midget, gave Pancho a boxing lesson. It was the best fistic treat Manilans have had the opportunity of watching in months. Yachting Yachting took a turn for the better during February and some of the best races ever con ducted by the Manila Yacht Club were staged. The Philippines Star fleet of the International Star Racing Association got into action and two races were sailed. Both were close, thanks to heavy winds. Rockwell copped honors on each occasion and he is now leading the standings. Polo Polo had a good month and the Leonard Wood and Langhorne cup tournaments were complet ed. Both events were productive of the best polo that has bfeen witnessed in the islands for a number of years. The Manila Polo Club entrants won both events. 14 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 Insurance for Benevolent Endowments: Why Not Here? As noted on this page, “life insurance is being increasingly used” in the United States “for the creation of trust funds to finance some worthy project.” This is a very sensible use to which to put insurance, and demonstrates another way in which insurance gives the man of moderate means the command of wealth. To resort to insurance for the purpose of creating a trust fund is something that should claim the con scientious attention of thousands of prosperous but not wealthy people in the islands, and that of the wealthy too. Governor Gilmore remarks the too great dependence upon the government, prevailing in the islands; nothing else does so much to nourish an upright public and private character in any people as the trusts established for the training and education of youth. In the Philippines these endowments, priceless in their value, are almost totally wanting. The university has had but one bestowed upon it, the normal school none, the hospital none, the medical school none, the law school none; nor have any of the high schools or vocational schools been remembered, in Manila or in the provinces, it is believed, with more than small donations merely designed to keep classes temporarily open. There must soon be a turning to this sort of thing, to the creation of trusts and endowments. First of all, of course, the obligation lies with the wealthy. But often outside of this class, in the ranks of professionals, are more eminent men, and women too, who owe the state a great obligation. From their earliest years they have been educated at the cost of the state, and not a few of them given still more valuable years abroad, for the rounding out of their education and the attainment of the philos opher’s degree. So equipped, they return to a field almost virgin for the practice of their skilled professions for private gain. They shall soon begin to feel the obligation resting upon them, and will then no longer be satisfied with little services rendered gratis; rather they will consider this an ill and haphazard return for all they have personally abstracted from the public —tantamount to their very name and fame. Great wealth they may never boast, which is no proper end in life in any case; but with con tinued health they shall surely amass something more than a competence. When this time comes, an insurance trust is the means by which they may extend the privileges they have had, bringing out and embellishing their own native talents, to more individuals in the generations following them down the ages. May the time soon come when generous ap plause may be given an act of this kind—so unheard-of here, so common elsewhere among men of metropolitan breeding. It would be responsive, significantly, to the civilization in which we really live. 2-21-86 Manila, P. I. A. A. U. FIRE-MARINE-LIFE-AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE CENTRAL AGENTS AND ATTORNEYS: United States Fire Insurance Company of New York Agricultural Insurance Company of Watertown, N. Y. Hudson Insurance Company of New York North River Insurance Company National Union Fire Insurance Company of Pittsburg, Pa. National Union Indemnity Company of Pittsburg, Pa. Asia Life Insurance Company of Wilmington, Delaware AMERICAN ASIATIC UNDERWRITERS, INC. On prevailing wages: A vacant seat was noticed in a division of the customs bureau. The assistant chief had died after 30 years’ service. What salary was he drawing? Only 1’1800 a year, 1’150 a month on which to keep The West Coast Life Insurance Company offers A full line of modern life insurance contracts designed to meet every need of business or personal protection. For particulars and quotations consult the Philippine Branch Office West Coast Life Insurance Co. Kneedler Building Manila, P. I. Telephone 664 himself and family. His widow got a year’s pay, 1*1800, his retirement money. They did not own their home, nor was he insured; he died of tuberculosis, brought on no doubt by under nourishment and inadequate clothing during the rainy season, sacrifices to keep children clothed and in school. Now what will the children do, and the widow? Astounded by the facts, one looked about the office, seeing some 20 men at work. It is a very competent division, the statistical, its work being the basis of a great deal of publicity for the islands, besides a constant guide to the government and business men. “Chief, if what you say is true, then hardly a man in this division can carry insurance or own his home. Nearly all must be married men with families.” “Yes, nearly all are family men. Only two are insured, myself and the new assistant. The others can’tafiford it. They don’t get enough to live on.” Lights out in kitchen and diningroom, the emergency department is called. Quite promptly an electrician appears, within a few minutes the loose connection is found and adjusted, and the lights turned on. It is good service. The young man speaks English well enough. He is paid 1*60 a month, has been for a number of years, and he has a wife and children. A friend formerly a grade lower than he is, wasn’t mar ried, and could go to the United States, where he is getting high wages. The man who stayed in Manila at 1*60 carries life insurance of 1’1000, all he can possibly afford. He is about in his best years for the work he is doing, and 1*60 a month seems to be the prevailing wage for it. The company is paying enough to hold its men, it would hardly be justified in paying more. The company employing our exhibit’s friend in the United States is paying no more. The two instances cited above could be added to from every man’s observations. A curse of this country is low wages, resulting in widespread pauperism; and this pauperism is ultimately a charge upon the state. Much man power is bred in the islands every year, and much more wantonly destroyed by what is literally slow starvation. There must be an adjustment, and Governor Stimson wisely suggests the means of adjustment in his advocacy of attention to the mechanical industries and commerce—the development of a manufacturing middle class between the farms on the one hand and the capitalists on the other. Well, there’s a place to begin, right in the government. The civil service, augmented by 2000 or 3000 new employes even during Wood’s administra tion, is overburdened with underpaid employes. In some departments at least it is easier to get three typists at 1*40 a month than one stenog rapher at 1’100 a month; and it is still easier to get four janitors, some of whom may be put to typing, at 1*30 a month than the three typists at 1’40 a month. In short, it is some thing of a practice or norm of procedure to overcrowd offices with unqualified underpaid men, rather than maintain efficiency with fewer, better qualified and better paid men. This is an obvious expedient; the youths are in from the provinces, clamoring at their represent atives for jobs of any kind, and jobs of any kind are found for them. Witness the number of IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 15 temporary employes in the civil service. There is no remedy to suggest, no panacea whatever, except a realization on the part of the whole public of the truth set forth by Governor Stim son in his inaugural address, which had been expanded upon by Governor Gilmore in his address to the sugar convention and his response at the banquet given him at the Ayuntamiento just before he retired from office. Realization of the prevailing evil of widespread penury and downright poverty will make that evil so ab horrent to the public that the latter will accept, as the only possible remedy, the advent of more capital here and attention to manufactures which will offer employment at higher wages. Here we are, on domestic-trade relations with America, the world’s best cash market, yet struggling miserably along—failing indeed to keep body and soul together—because we refuse to rise to the opportunities the situation affords us. Life insurance policyholders and beneficiaries in the United States and Canada received in 1926 a total of $1,585,641,125 from the com panies. This is the summary of the Life Insur ance Distributions Number of the National Underwriter. Of this grand total, $858,732,085 was paid on death claims, matured endow ments, annuities, disability claims and additional accidental death claims, while $726,909,040 was accounted for by dividends and lapsed, surrend ered, and purchased policies. There were 90 cities in which total payments were in excess of $1,000,000 and of these, nine were Pacific Coast cities. Los Angeles led the Western group with payments aggregating $8,800,000; San Francisco followed with $4,848,000: Portland with $3,400,000; Denver, $3,384,000; Seattle, $2,500,000; Oakland, $1,560,000; Pasadena, $1,510,000; Tacoma, $1,480,000; and San Diego, $1,080,000. Four $1,000,000 Claims There were four single claims for $1,000,000 or more. The insureds were Rollin Ballard, Minneapolis, $2,042,000; Jules E. Mastbaum, Philadelphia, $2,007,000; Owen L. Williams, Portsmouth, Va., $1,622,066, and Peter Reiss, Sheboygan, Wis., $1,000,000. Other outstanding features of the National Underwriters’ tabulation included: An increasing number of additional accidental death benefits are being paid, due partly to the more frequent inclusion of double indemnity She Who Writes “Let’s Go to the Movies” Mrs. George Read clause in life policies. Life insurance is being increasingly used for the creation of trust funds to finance some worthy project. Many names of national prominence are listed among the 1926 payments. The largest claim reported for Canada was $800,000. Hundreds of policyholders who died in 1926 left insurance of $100,000 and upwards. Mrs. George Read, whose initial essay on the movies appears in this issue of the Journal, has the fortuitous distinction of being a daughter of that justly celebrated little city, Columbus, Ga., where her friends, Julian and Mrs. Harris, Julian being the son of Joel Chandler Harris, won the Pulitzer newspaper prize last year for the most outstanding newspaper achievement. After com pleting her university work, Mrs. Read made a particular study of the theater, on which she has become an unquestioned authority, as our readers, we feel confident, will soon observe. In pursuit of her subject, she spent some five years in Europe, writing, during that time, travel vignettes on the Riviera, Provencal towns, Paris, etc., which appeared in the Harris paper in America and in the Paris edition of the Herald-Tribune. In New York Mrs. Read studied in the Amer ican Laboratory Theater, under Richard Boleslavsky. In Paris she studied French literature and the French stage under Louise Vincent, the well known authority on the works and life of George Sand. She is the wife of Captain George Read, U. S. A. Captain and Mrs. Read live at Fort McKinley. The Insular Life Assurance Co., Ltd. MANILA, P. I. Low rates iberal conditions ocal investments oans on real estates repayable monthly instalments, at ow interest If a mindful man with a fixed salary dies, he will only leave a small saving to his family For about F31.00 annually our company guarantees the payment of Pl,000 to your wife or sons in case of death, or to the insured himself if he survives the policy. Call or write for particulars to: INSURANCE foundafcon for arte/* rotheF^^-PE^E^D vide for bls tund-is an asset to any TotheWdow-MAIMJ Wliat Is i to You HOME OFFICE 4th Floor, Filipinas Bldg. Plaza Moraga, Manila, P. I. P. O. Box 128 C. S. SALMON 3rd Floor, Gaches Bldg. Escolta cor. T. Pinpin 115 P. O. Box 734, Manila V. SINGSON ENCARNACION, President J. McMICKING, Manager The Manufacturers Life Insurance Co. E. E. ELSER, General Agent 405 Kneedler Building, Manila P. O. Box 598 Phone 2-24-29 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 16 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 City Paying for Water Like Other Patrons: Quarrel Ends One of the last of many beneficent acts of the Gilmore administration was the compromise of the longstanding dispute between the City of Manila and the Metropolitan Water District, whereby prolonged and certainly expensive litigation is avoided, the city, while gaining much, agreeing to pay for the water it consumes at the rate fixed for all patrons who pay anything at all. On this basis, stipulated by the water-district manager, A. Gideon, no patron may go into court and break the agreement, which came about through the intervention of the committee headed by H. B. Pond. As the terms of the agreement have been variously stated in the daily press, the Journal will endeavor to state them correctly. The Metropolitan Water District dates from July 1, 1919, back to which date all charges go which are now to be paid. Prior to that time the city owned the water system, now more precisely a possession of its patrons. The dis trict is to pay the bonds floated by the city for the Montalban project. $4,000,000, to li quidate which an ample sinking fund is accruing which now amounts to some 1*4,500,000. The annual deficit which the city always incurred no longer occurs; instead there is always a profit. On July 1, 1919, the city had 303 free public hydrants. These remain free. Meters are attached to the 25 or 30 others which have since been installed, and from the date mentioned the city will pay the regular rate for water consumed at these hydrants. The same rule applies to additional new hydrants. There are some 800 fire hydrants, on which, from the date mentioned, the city will pay 1*32 per year per hydrant. Here was a point com promised greatly in the city’s favor, since the average similar charge in cities of the United States seems to be about 1*120, what the water district asked. Back payments which the city will make on the above basis for all water con sumed on its account will approximate 1*400,000, which is to be paid without interest at the rate of 1*75,000 per year. On the same basis the annual charge now comes to about 1*159,000 per year; how much it will go above or below this depends in part upon the growth and pros perity of the city and upon its efforts at econo mizing the use of water. Manila and the adjacent towns not only have a good water and sewer system, but one of the best organized and best managed such systems to be found anywhere. Financed by the new water-district bonds, 1*12,000,000, half of which have been sold, the Angat project insuring an ample supply of water for the growing commu nity goes forward with satisfactory progress; by July of this year the gigantic impounding dam on the Mariquina river, to which water will be brought from the Angat, is expected to be completed. By the Carriedo will, San Juan de Dios hos pital, the Franciscan monastery, and the Santa Clara convent receive free water in perpetuity. Because of the cession of land for the San Juan pipeline, etc., the Augustinian and Dominican establishments in the walled city receive free water in perpetuity. They do not receive free water outside the walled city; for instance, the Dominicans pay for water service at the new St. Thomas University. Everyone concerned in the agreement reached between the city and the water district deserves the utmost credit for civic spirit: Governor Gilmore, who appointed the committee and got the contending parties together; the committee, H. B. Pond, Jose Paez, manager of the Manila railroad, and Ruperto del Castillo, member of the municipal board; Mayor Tomas Earnshaw, City Engineer Artiaga, City Fiscal Guevara, City Treasurer Alfonso; A. Gideon, water district manager. In the Metropolitan Water District Manila has at its service more of the Ben F. Wright, Insular Auditor, returning to Manila March 29. To pay the water district, he stopped funds in transit to the city from the internal revenue bureau, losing the case later in the U. S. supreme court. His action was one phase of a long and tangled controversy, although it was foreign to the issues harmonized by the Pond committee into a mutual agreement between the city and the water district. A Super Food! Thousands of people are to-day reaching health by a new and pleasant route, “BEAR BRAND” NATURAL MILK has now come to be recognized not only as a drink but as a Super Food, “super” because whilst doing the work of an ordinary food, it at the same time corrects and balances the shortcomings of other foods! Bear Brand brings to your table the pure product—sterilized—of the world's most famous herd of cows—fed on the verdant valleys of Emmenthal, Switzerland! city-manager principle than is usually realized, for administration of the water and sewer system is a big part of the business of any city. In Manila this is done entirely independently of politics, by a technical organization contrived solely for the purpose. The directors of the water district are the mayor, the city engineer, the director of public works, the city treasurer (appointed, not elected to office), the president of the municipal board, the governor of Rizal, and one private citizen, H. B. Pond. Governor Gilmore, after visiting Culion, reports most encouragingly upon conditions there. He says nothing, of course, about re tarding influences beyond executive control. The colony is not ideal, and never can become so until the politician is persuaded to leave it alone; and when that day arrives it will be doomsday. Culion, like most things in this world, is involved more or less in politics. Culion is the name of the island and the name of the colony, which is on the coast, an abrupt and rugged site with an ungrateful soil. But back of the hills lie fertile valley lands, only 12 miles away. A road to make these rich fields accessible could be built, there are 2,000 or 3,000 able-bodied lepers whom the work would benefit, but the colony administration must go about this very carefully, else the politicians will complain that after isolating the lepers the gov ernment compelled them to forced labor. So this means of making the colony self-supporting is for the future. When the colonists do work they are paid 30 cents per day, just about what farm labor commands in the Philippines on the average. Included in the fertile lands beyond the hills are 1,000 acres of excellent land for rice, which might easily be irrigated. This would supply the colony with rice; indeed, there should be a surplus for export; but no matter how much rice is ever grown at Culion, none can ever be exported, because ignorance of how leprosy is transmitted would prejudice the sale of such rice. However, conditions at the colony do steadily improve. Leaving out of the discussion the progress of the scientific treatment of the patients by the skilled staff which has been developed, the work of a layman is a big factor in behalf of contentment and general health. This layman is a German, H. V. Costenoble, whose services were engaged two years ago at $50 per month. He is now getting $75 per month. He has introduced gardening and poultry cul ture, and the colony now has an abundance of (Continued on pays 26) IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 17 COMBINE THE ISE OE “SHELL MOTOR OILS” WITH “SHELL GASOLINE” FOR SPEED, SAFETY, AND SATISFACTION SINGLE SHELL (LIGHT BODY) For your Ford Car or Ford Truck DOUBLE SHELL (MEDIUM BODY) For your Auburn or—Buick,— Cadillac, Chalmers, Chandler, Chevrolet, Citroen, — Dodge,—Essex,— Gray,—Haynes, Hudson, Hupmobile,—Jewett,—Lincoln, Loco mobile, Mar mon, Maxwell, Minerva, Moon, Morris,—Nash,—Oakland, Olds mobile, OverlandPackard, Paige, Pierce-Arrow—Renault, Reo, Rickenbacker,— Scripps-Booth, Standard, Studebaker, Stutz,- Willys-Knight, Wolseley touring car(s). Also for your Bethlehem-truck or your Buick,—Chevrolet, Clydesdale,—Daim ler, Dennis, Dodge,—Federal,— Garford, G.M.C. 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IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 18 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 Still More Franciscan Missions in Laguna Town After Town Built Along the Great Mission Trail: Eighth Paper We continue our journey with the reader from Mahayhay, where wc rested last month, further along the route of the Franciscan missionaries through Laguna, noting the towns established, the churches, and the more significant events, as recorded by our guide, philosopher and friend. Fray Felix de Huerta, in his ripened years, when he was the minister at San Lazaro hospital. We shall wind up with the Franciscans with a sketch and appreciation of Fray Felix's life and work in the Philippines, but first we must make the complete round of the missions of his cel ebrated order. ^j'niloan. Founded in 1583 by Friars Juan de la Plasencia and Diego de Oropesa, as Guilingguiling, the name being changed in 1604 to Siniloan. First stone church, 1599; patron, San Pedro Apostolico. Present church built in 1733-39 by Fray Melchor de San Antonio, the parish priest at the time. The Ermita is dedicated to San Sebastian. '/Pangil. Founded by Plasencia and Oropesa, 1579. First stone church, 1611; renewed in 1711 by Fr. Lucas Fernandez; again renewed, 1849-51, by Fr. Luis de Nambroca. Patroness, Our Lady of the Nativity. “In this church there is worshiped as a particular object of veneration an image of Nucstra Senora de la O, on whose fiesta and in the days following the principal people of the tow’n attend the worship in sumptuous dress and adorned with flowers, to sing the Oes.” Nagcarlang. “After the brief resistance of fered in 1571 to the valiant Captain Don Juan de Salcedo by the inhabitants of this place and those of Mahayhay, they remained peaceful until 1578. when our venerable fathers Fr. Juan de la Plasencia and Diego de Oropesa began their conversion, though in truth the scarcity of missionaries in that epoch did not permit the assignment of a permanent min ister, and the missionaries merely visited the place as necessity and opportunity allowed. In 1583 the town was organized to a degree by Fr. Tomas de Miranda, and this same priest, in this same town, and in this same year, was the first to plant wheat in the Philippines, the seed afterward being distributed from this place to various provinces.” (As old subscribers to the Journal know, wheat was formerly widely cultivated in Luzon, and there were well known wheat regions in Laguna, Batangas, and Cavite, as well as in Bulacan and other provinces. When the Americans occupied Manila in 1898, there was a flour mill on calle Arlcgui. But it seems that the grain was then being imported from Australia, coffee having supplanted wheat on the Philippine uplands. Not only might wheat be grown here again, on such excellent fields as the slopes of Tagaytay ridge, but it seems al together practical to have a mill in Manila for the making of wheat flour and the manufacture of whole-wheat products, breakfast cereals, etc., even from imported grain from the United States. The bakers’ trade could perhaps never be captured, but the household and hotel trade would certainly prefer the freshest wheat prod ucts obtainable). Fr. Diego de Aponte com pleted the founding of Nagcarlang in 1595-99, and then, having arrived in the islands in 1594, ministered to Mahayhay, PHilla, and Pila until his death in 1605. “The church, dedicated to the glorious apostle San Bartolome, is of stone and brick with a beautiful cross, built in 1752 by Fr. Cristobal Torres; and falling prisoner to the flames in 1781.” Repairs were made immediately by Fr. Anastasio de Argobrejo, who added the imposing tower. Fr. Vicente Velloc made extensive repairs in 1845. Paete. Church built in 1717 by Fr. Fran cisco de la Fuente and reconstructed in 1840 by Fr. Luis de Nambroca. Patron, Santiago Apostol. This town has never had sufficient land to support its population from agriculture, hence it is an old manufacturing town, its crafts men turning the hardwoods of the locality into many utensils, especially furniture. There is at least a tradition that wood crafts were originally introduced in Paete by Japanese workmen, a fact, if such it be, apparently lost in the mists WHEN TRAVELING CARRY NATIONAL CITY BANK OF NEW YORK LETTERS of CREDIT ND- -TRAVELERS CHECKS SAFE - - CONVENIENT - - SELF-IDENTIFYING INTERNATIONAL BANKING CORPORATION PACIFIC BUILDING MANILA, P. I. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 19 of time. Paete lanzoncs are the prime variety of this popular fruit. Caboan. Originally called San Miguel and made up of the new converts among the native rancherias found northward of Siniloan, in the mountains. Plasencia and Oropesa were, of course, the first missionaries, but the first parish priest was Fr. Antonio de la Llave, 1602. The name was changed to Caboan in 1613. Original patron, San Miguel; patroness, after the stone church was built in 1613 and the name was changed, N. S. de los Angeles. The Chinese rebels of the uprising of 1639 destroyed the church; the one still standing, unless a new one has recently been built, dates from 1669 and is the work of Fr. Jose de Jesus Maria. Santa Cruz. The capital of Laguna. A district of Lumbang until 1602, when it became a separate parish under Fr. Gabriel de Castro. It is a beautiful and prosperous little city, al ways worth a visit from the stranger. The roads through all this region wind through hills and valleys shaded over with the never-ending coconut groves, the abundant product of which immediately explains the prevailing prosperity of the people. Patroness, Our Lady of the Im maculate Conception. The image of the Santo Angel de la Guarda is famous in the lore of the people, and the annual fiesta a notable event in the province. The church was rebuilt in 1850 by Fr. Juan Marzo. Wednesday and Thursday of every week are market days. Formerly the agricultural and industrial products from La guna, Tayabas, and Batangas were all mar keted through Santa Cruz, then the leading provincial market in the islands. A noted Franciscan infirmary for the cure and recu peration of the missionaries formerly existed in Santa Cruz, and no doubt the building remains to this day. It dates from 1674, the work of the provincial of that period, Fr. Juan de Albalate. who removed it from Pila, though the building there was of stone and brick. It had been originally established at Mahayhay; in 1606 it was removed to Lumbang, and in 1618 to Pila. Here therefore is another Franciscan institution in the Philippines dating from the 16th century, as the infirmary was opened at Mahayhay soon after the village was established. '^'Lilio. First missionaries, Plasencia and Oro pesa, 1578. Separated from Nagcarlang, 1605; first priest, Fr. Miguel de San Lucas. “The church, under the advocation of the saintly precursor Saint John the Baptist (San Juan Bautista), is of stone and brick, as is also the parochial house. There is venerated in this church an image of our seraphic doctor San Buenaventura, which in the year 1664 cried and INTERNATIONAL HEAVY DUTY MODEL—2 TONS. MACLEOD & COMPANY 154 M. de Comillas Manila, P. I. sweat blood, according to declarations sworn to by Fr. Juan Pastor and 120 other persons in the investigation made by the superior authority.” Mabitac. About 1599 or 1600, D. Cristobal de Mercado had an image of Nuestra Senora de la Candelaria made and presented to the Franciscan parish church in Dilao, now the district of Paco in Manila. In 1603 this image was sent to the Franciscan hospital established at Los Banos, and in 1615 Fr. Blas de la Madre de Dios got permission to install the same image in a hermitage, an ermita, built on an eminence between the barrios of Inaguasan and Galay, for the purpose of drawing together there the people of the surrounding rancherias and convert ing them to the faith. The plan was so noto riously successful from the beginning that soon hundreds of native cottages had been built around the little rural shrine, and thousands of the neophytes made pilgrimages to the place, “abandoning all their other obligations.” To abate their enthusiasm, already affecting adversely the neighboring missions, it w'as ordered that the image should be removed to Siniloan, but mobs of devoted neophytes number ing thousands appeared with sticks and cudgels in their hands to prevent what they conceived to be a despoiling of the shrine—even when eight priests came together to take the image away,, and even when the father provincial himself came for the same purpose. At last all these attempts were abandoned, in the face of the fervor of the people, and the decision was made to found at the shrine the town of Mabitac, which was done in 1618, and Fr. Francisco de la Cruz was appointed the first pastor. The date of the present church is not given. It is of masonry, of course, with a stairway of 96 stone steps on the south, “to ascend to the church and the parochial house.” Patroness, of course, N. S. de la Candelaria. Cavinti. Founded in 1619, when separated politically from Lumbang, a place, now obscure enough, seen to have been the mother of a number of the towns nearby it. First priest, Fr. Alonso de Ampudia. Fr. Pedro de San Martin built the first stone church, 1621, which the Chinese rebels destroyed in 1639. Materials in the new church date likewise from the 17th century, but the church was greatly damaged by the earthquake of 1824, although immediately repaired. Los Barfos. Founded by the Augustinians as San Nicolas de Tolentino, and transferred to the Franciscans in 1613, who named it for the medicinal springs that prompted them to estab lish a hospital there prior to the close of the 16th century. The town of Los Banos was founded by them in 1640. The chapel at the hospital served as the parish church until 1727, when a parish church was erected and dedicated to Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception, “with the title of Holy Waters.” The present church and hospital, of stone, date from 1790 and are the work of Fr. Domingo Mateo, Fr. Manuel Amat repairing them and changing the roofs from nipa to tile in 1851. (The story of the springs has already been translated and printed in the Journal). Lofigos. “Of three villages of the town of Paete, established in 1787 by order of San Pedro Bautista, whose names were San Antonio, Abacao, and Babaye, this town was established in the year 1669, its first minister being Fr. Lucas Sarro. The church, under the advocation of San Juan Bautista, is of ordinary construction, in which is venerated with particular devotion an image of Our Lady of Peace to which the natives attribute various miracles.” Paquil. Separated from Paete in 1676; first pastor, Fr. Francisco de Barajas. Huerta gives the climate a bad ticket. Five years’ exemption from the tribute was given the people in 1684, upon condition that they build a church of strong materials, but they enjoyed the priv ilege without undertaking the building, so that the stone church was not commenced until 1732, under Fr. Fernando de Haro, and not completed until 1767, under Haro’s successor. Fr. Joaquin de Coria repaired the church in 1840, and Fr. Juan de Llanera in 1852. Llanera also rebuilt the parochial house, burned in 1851, with most of the town. After the fire the faith ful learned with astonishment that some 300 stamped images of Our Lady of Sorrows had not been burned: only the white margins had been scorched, and the flames had respected the tiny images, though the table and drawer containing them had been completely consumed. Each year at Eastertide, in commemoration of this event, the people of Paquil hold a nevenario in honor of Our Divine Lady. Continuing with the Franciscans next month, our first visit will be to Pagsanjan. Herewith we open a competition among amateurs for a picture of the falls, and, upon the decision of experts, we will reward the winner with five pesos and the mention of his name. THE ANTING-ANTING By Percy A. Hill The rain poured down in pitiless sheets through the long August afternoon, the day drew to its close in a humid twilight. The town of Santa Maria, once possessed in fee simple by the Span ish crown, and now occupied by American troops and taken as American territory, cowered under the lashings of wind and rain. Its people, purely Malay with but a slight tang of Mongol and Iberian, slept the storm away in their flimsy nipa huts. The thoughts of the company officers who had been sent by higher command to represent the new law and order among a people highly credulous, superstitious, and intermittently violent, were as usual naive and varied. It was no task for men lacking either in tact, cleverness, or courage—this occupation of a town on the outer rim of a shadowy civ ilization neither holding the inhabitants firmly within its grasp nor entirely relinquishing them to their primitive environment. With the incessant summer rains came the accustomed plethora of tropical disease. Reg iments soon mustered only battalions, battalions dwindled to companies, and these to mere platoons of fighting men. Pills, the company surgeon, had his hands full during the rainy season. Sick call discovered all those afflicted with nostalgia and the score of indeterminable' ailments that afflict the bodies of men brooding over their enforced inactivity. To Uncle Sam’s cohorts, set down in the distant Philippines, everything was new, strange, and utterly incomprehensible. The enemy ex isted unseen in the dripping jungle trails, in the moldering towns, and in the smoking clearings on the hills; and there, since a natural prudence bade him not to risk an open encounter, the enemy was to be .found. The blue-shirted men of Company B,—the regiment, U. S. Volunteer Infantry, sprawled IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 20 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OE COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 in their bell-shaped tents at Santa Maria and cussed and discussed the topics commonly inter esting soldiers far from the homeland. These topics ranged from delectable but unobtainable dishes, to what the company cook was going to furnish for supper; from the intricacies of poker to how much beer one could consume at a sit ting; and lastly, the steamy weather and the pulahans, literally signifying the red-ones and derived from the red calico breeches the guerrilla enemy wore. Pop Higgings, between flourishes of his skillets and pans, told the men howto win the war after the manner of company cooks since soldiering began. Like his stentorian command, “Come and get it, you dog-robbers!”, his mili tary prowess was familiar to all. However, he did make the scanty government rations taste fairly palatable, though to be sure there were the typical company grouches who accorded Pop no credit for his versatility with potatoes and onions. Conversation in the tents drifted back at last to the original subject, the pulahans and their practice of carrying the protective antinganting. Corporal Galway, with some skill in deciphering their symbols, handed over a broad brass plaque dangling from a few strands of abaca to Tommy Baker, the kid of the outfit. Disdaining caustic comments, Corporal Baker explained what he knew of the anting-anting’s design and history. Passing the hemp strands over his head and stowing the plaque away beneath the bosom of his campaign shirt, the kid remarked, “Well, it can’t do any harm and it might do some good." His comrades proceeded to rag him with crude jests, all of which he took in good nature, and the incident closed. This particular anting-anting was not one of the common variety carried by the Samar pulahans. The plaque was some three inches in diameter, wide enough indeed to afford some accidental protection in the departed days of cut-and-thrust fighting, but powerless of course against the modern bullet. The obverse was embossed with the piteous figure of San Sebas tian being literally made a human pincushion as his enemies shot him full of arrows. On the reverse was an image of the Virgin of Mercy. The edges were sprinkled with Latin crossed together with letters only decipherable to those provided with a key. Galway had taken the charm from a most innocent looking chap, whose gauzy shirt had poorly concealed it; and now he had given it to the kid, telling him it was potent to keep the pulahan fighting long after peace was the obvious thing to seek. The anting-anting is by no means a Philippine invention, dating much farther back and into other climes. The anting-anting, essentially a spirit charm, is not unknown to the Chinese and the Hindus; and Europeans had resort to such devices long before the caravels of Legaspi cast anchor in Cebu harbor. Some of the more pretentious of those the Americans ran across in the Philippines bore the stamp of cities in Spain and Italy, and even of Rome. Long ago, perhaps, they were valued similarly to the Agnus Dei. This one Corporal Galway gave the kid had been cherished by one of the cru sader who followed de Goiti or Salcedo, most probably as a protection against the slings and arrows of a soldier’s fortune. The most common of the native anting-antings were pieces, of colored cloth or paper lib erally etched with crosses, triangles and mystic abracadabra. Sewn to a garment or worn round the neck, they obsessed the ignorant with the idea of invulnerability to sword and bullet. This blind faith turned natives ordinarily peace ful into frenzied fanatics, who threw away their lives in the vain belief that they were divinely protected. Company B had now been stationed at Santa Maria for some time. The usual quota of false rumors had frequently drawn the men away on skirmishes into the jungle; there had been brushes with the pulahans, but nothing out of the ordinary, in that epoch of little fights. In fact, the men longed for one good fair en counter, hand-to-hand, to end the business and bring them their chance to sail for home on one of the big transports then engaged in transfer ring the Army of Occupation back to God’s country. This feeling was but natural, under the circumstances, as volunteers are not like regular soldiers. Volunteers enlist for a definite objective, and once that is accomplished they hone to return to their old pursuits—regarding war as an incident. The cause of the natives was dying, the majority of them would also have been glad to return to normal life, but men clad in a little brief authority kept them at it. The anting-anting Galway had picked up was the talisman of one of these chiefs, who not only wanted it back but was willing to sacrifice the town if necessary to get it. Such was the situation that August afternoon in Santa Maria. It was an old, old town, an area of nipa huts clustering about its graytowered church of coral blocks. A curtain of huts spread down to the mouth of a sluggish estuary a mile away, the town being set back from the sea for better protection from Moro pirates. For centuries the bells of the brooding church had called the people to daily mass, tolled for the interments in the walled-in campo santo, and rung out clangorously for baptisms and weddings. The people were as simple as the town was primitive. Content with their obscurity, they had vegetated like the jungle against which they made small headway, until the flame of war, spreading from Luzon, flung them like pawns into the hopeless struggle. The result, so far as Santa Maria was concerned, was a universal demand for luto, mourning apparel, and the subsequent unrest of the men and officers of Company B, fretted by the neces sity of waiting. Tommy Baker, the kid, youngest member of the garrison, had, with the eclectic capacity of youth, acquired a smattering of Visayan in frequenting the tiendas, little trinket and viand shops, and had learned to thrum the balitaos and corrachas of the region on the one guitar the town possessed. The kid was persona grata to most of the townsfolk, in contradistinction to the older veterans, who despised all who could not converse in good United States; and anyway, possession of a. common language is a bridge thrown across racial gaps. Tommy had no urge for seven-up or vino, so took his youthful pleas ure in picking up new idioms and experiences. With the ancient anting-anting beneath his blue shirt, he visioned himself flashing it as a surprise upon his tienda friends and arousing that envy which youth enjoys. That same August afternoon some of the local chieftains assembled a gathering of the credulous behind the old church. After giving each man an anting-anting of red cloth guaranteed to make him invisible to the enemy and proof against their bullets, the chiefs explained that a Announcing THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS 2 V O L S . BY W. CAMERON FORBES TO BE READY ABOUT MAY 1st PRICE P22.00 ADVANCE ORDERS NOW TAKEN BY PHILIPPINE EDUCATION CO., INC. 101-103 ESCOLTA MANILA, P. I. sudden attack on Company B would rid the community of the invaders and that everything the poor wanted- would thereafter be forth coming. The objections of the more wary were overrruled by the arguments of the more restive characters. The usual preparations were soon made. With bolo and bancao, Mauser and Remington, the men were to rush out from cover and effect a general massacre of the strangers within their gates. This they attempted, when the signal was given, believing that a strip of red cloth held the mystic power to turn a Krag bullet and bend a rifle bayonet. Such is the power of oratory on the unschooled mind. The storm continued, waxing ever more violent in its fury. Clouds hurrying in from the vast wastes of the Pacific spilled their con tents on a steaming and sodden land. Mess time came. The company bugler sounded “Coffee! Coffee! Coffee! The worst you ever seen!” and the men of Company B prepared to go and get it with a clashing of messkits. At this moment, with loud yells and without the sem blance of military order, a thousand pulahans poured out of the houses and narrow streets, charging with flashing weapons toward the row of tents, through which a ragged volley sent a stream of lead. A few blue-shirted figures fell, still grasping their messkits. Others, grabbing up their rifles, met the onslaught with a well directed fire before either the startled sentries or the officers could reach them. Tommy Bake.- got hold of his Krag, shot a shell into the . chamber from the loaded magazine, and joined in the scrap with all the enthusiasm of the young manat-arms who in spite of momentary fears regards fighting as the prime business of a soldier. Amid that August downpour it was no mean scrap, either. A fight at close quarters with men who disregarded the penetrating power of modern rifles and desired no quarter made it lively for the rallying company. Time and time again the attackers with their red antingantings were forced back by the withering rifle fire, and the blood of both sides mingled with the rain-soaked mud. At last the pulahans gave way. Some turned and made it for the jungle, and after them raced the blue-shirted figures in wild pursuit, the bugles sounding recall in vain. The attack had failed in spite of anting-antings, and the chieftains’ promises would never be fulfill - ed to those who lay stark under the pitiless rain. Company B fell in and counted noses. Cas ualties were six dead and quite a few wounded. The kid was unaccounted for, though a patrol had failed to find his body. Pop Higgins found, for the first time in weeks, that his efforts received compliments instead of IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 21 curses. Then the dead were buried, and a Tew shivering townsfolk were rounded up to dispose of the fallen pulahans, worthy of a better cause. However, the great majority of the inhabitants of Santa Maria had either taken to the hills or risked the wind-lashed sea in barotos. Later they would come back to town, for the Americans were a people who quickly forgot, and held no grudge towards those whom they thought of as misguided. But for the present Santa Maria was silent and deserted, with less than half a dozen of its usual inhabitants. Company B was completely mystified at the disappearance of the kid. If he had been killed in the melee, the discovery of his body would have satisfied them, but the patrols found noth ing tangible in the slush of tracks made by flying feet. Rumor and conjecture fanned by the grouchy members of the company crystallized into the story that the kid had deserted. In that he spoke the lingo, hobnobbed with all and sundry, and neither drank nor lost his pay over the gaming table, they reasoned that he had gone the way that few of Uncle Sam's men ever did go—that he had gone over, to the enemy. The yarns of the cavalryman shot down in Luzon as a deserter, and of Fagan, the colored infantryman who deserted at Cabanatuan, were repeated, and the stories rankled in the hearts of the men who knew and liked the kid best. That these desertions had nothing to do with the country, but were mere protests against persons in authority, made no difference. Both officers and men resented the mystery they could not clear up, and Tommy Baker was carried on the company roster as missing. The company departed Santa Maria a week later, towed in a flotilla of clumsy craft by a fussy launch whose cinders sprinkled the men with a grimy shower. Five months later, in Tacloban, when the regiment was united pre paratory to going home, the common topic was the fate of Tommy, the kid. Awaiting the visit of the regimental paymaster, the men had little to spend; they grew grouchier with the passing of every day. Time heavy on their hands, Corporal Galway and two more of the kid’s best friends asked and obtained permission for a fishing trip. .The next day, provisioned, and armed with their Krags, they reached Santa Maria, now slumbering in the winter sun. Land ing, they found that a dozen villagers had re turned and reoccupied their tumble-down huts. But all their inquiries about the kid came to nothing, everyone supposed he had left the place with the company for Tacloban. Galway and his companions were about to turn away disappointed, when they were accosted by Francisco, a half-grown lad who had acted as water carrier to succeeding company cooks. His few words of English enabled him to let the men know that he wished to show them something. He kept repeating “You come see! You come see!” So they followed him with sundry and Refinements THE only article of apparel- if they can be termed such— that serve a scientific purpose is eye-glasses. Many times the important matter, becomingness, is neglected by both the one who prescribes them and the wearer. CLARK & CO. Optometrists do not overlook this important point. Always the best in quality but never higher in price profane warnings and their Krags ready for execution. Francisco led them through the deserted town, across the wastes of jungle back of the church, and onto a flat overgrown with panda kaki bushes and rank grass —a lake of mud in the rainy season but seamed with deep cracks now, under the ardent sun of the dry season. Push ing aside the wild growth, Francisco pointed to half a dozen skeletons whose clothing identified them as those of pulahans. Their rusted weap ons all pointed in the direction of a carabao wallow. In this depression, his rifle still bearing on the enemy, lay another remnant of humanity. It had been a battle of extermination. There was nothing to identify the solitary defender of the wallow. His clothing, such as the elements had left, distinguished him only as an American Anecdotes of Governor Yeater Recalled by His Visit By Walter Robb With Mrs. Yeater, whom he married in his home town of Sedalia, Missouri, about four years ago, ex-Vice Governor Charles Emmet Yeater came to Manila February 15 and departed February 16 on the ss Belgenland, making a tour of the world. The Ycaters were royally entertained ashore by old friends and associates ot the governor, who has become a globetrotter and is likely soon to visit the islands for a much longer stay. -Since retiring from the Philippine service he has been three times in South America and twice in Europe, for leisurely travel, Australia and New Zealand being his next objectives. He admits he docs no work, he looks much younger than he did in Manila seven years.ago, and has sold his law library to avoid the temptaGovernor Yeater reads and travels, keeping up a keen interest in public affairs. He thinks Hoover will be the Republicans’ candidate for the Whitehouse, Smith the Democrats’—“both men of tremendous intellectual power,” he says— and that it will be a real contest. He is ready to campaign for Smith. But he is no narrow partisan now, anymore than he was when in the islands. His first and most anxious request was for President Coolidge’s speech in Havana. “I wish to read that," he said. “That will be history. It must have been a restatement of the Monroe doctrine.” This shows how well Governor Yeater realizes the significance of current problems in South America and the Caribbean. If there had been time to question him further, the calibre of his statesmanship could have been measured on matters of international importance, and I think it would have been demonstrated that Governor Yeater himself possesses in his personal gifts and character, his education, soldier. But from beneath these rags shown the dull glint of the anting-anting. It- was the kid! The sun scorched down upon the group of searchers in the pandakaki bushes. The posi tions of the figures told a mute history, a story without words, the last act of that rainy August afternoon. The anting-anting given the kid by Galway just before the guerrilla attack was proof evident and amply sufficient. A wild yell ex pressing indescribable emotion rose from the trio of soldiers, causing the timid Francisco to take to his heels for safety. This simultaneous out burst was at once an epitaph, a shout of triumph, and a requiem over the body of a comrade fallen on the field of honor. The kid, their friend, was vindicated. If Tommy Baker could have heard, he would have understood. travel, and broad experience, all the attributes of a great president. He knew what there was to do in Havana, and he has that magnanimous patriotism of soul that did not begrudge a Republican pres ident the opportunity of doing it. What a stir it would make in the nation for him to address the country on Latin relations, on the inter national debts, on armaments; for none can be more up to date on these subjects, and none better guided by the philosophy of history. Wc must dismiss this prospect, however, lying so far beyond us, and refer to a few in cidents of his executive career in the Pnilippines that explain something of the universal admiration in which he is held. No man wr> ever more rationally esteemed than Governor Yeater. Let us show him from the Filipinos’ viewpoint first. He gave cne official dinner while he was acting governor, and let it be known that it was official. As now recalled, it was in compliment to the British community; at any rate, the toasts were to the British and, in return, to the Americans. » Yeater’s turn came. He arose and lifted his glass. “I am not sure that it is in strict accordance with the etiquette of occasions of this kind, or with established custom,” he said, or something to this effect, “and I don’t care. But I propose a toast to the Filipino people. Gentlemen, the Filipino people!” Not holding Britain one whit less than her most loyal son, not for a moment forgetting the worth and genius of his own people, he nevertheless did not choose to pass by, merely because they had not yet blazoned their name as yet on every horizon distant and near, a people he had found to be so abounding in virtues, so human in their vices, as the Fili pino people undoubtedly are; but he chose rather to recognize them, and to make that recognition public even at the risk of the pro prieties of a formal banquet under his official auspices. Governor Yeater understands other peoples, making himself familiar with their history: his spontaneous tribute to Britain at the dedication of the new building of the Hongkong and Shang hai Banking Corporation would be classic in fairness and accuracy if it had been recorded. In the Spanish community he had intimate friends, as he had in the other foreign colonies; he recognized in Father Villalonga, S. J., one of the world’s great minds. In his farewell ad dress at the banquet in his honor at the Hotel Mignon, he interpolated appreciations of the characters of the leading Filipinos. Everyone remembers him for his utter ap proachability; whenever he was the islands' executive, as when he was pursuing his duties as vice governor and secretary of public in struction, it was always possible to see him with out the least formality, when he was not actually and very busily occupied. But when he was thus engaged, he concentrated intensively and would not be disturbed. He made occasion, without seeming to do sc. for meeting and mingling with people in all IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 22 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 ranks of life. The ball grounds, where he at tended regularly, were a means to this end; and the times he would dine out and the plaees where he would dine, often in the homes of friends of quite humble position. He was often at Rotary, more often still at the chambers of commerce. He enjoyed going to the American chamber of commerce, and taking a place at the round table and thrusting his incisive word into the random discussions. He never wished to curb this discussion, for the veteran soldier-business-men here he had the highest regard and a downright affection; and it made not the slightest dif ference to him that some of their views might be radically opposed to his own or the policy of the government, since all that he demands of men is worth and honesty. Once Governor Yeater, returning to Manila by motor from Baguio, reached the Chico river near Gapan, Nueva Ecija, just as the ferry had started across with another vehicle, so that there was an unavoidable delay of some 20 minutes. While the governor and those who were with him waited in the boiling sun, a cart load of hogs was standing by, evidently the property of a peasant woman who presently perceived that the waiting automobile was the governor’s. The hour was late, the market in Gapan would soon close. Urged by this circumstance the woman politely approached Governor Yeater, explained her predicament and asked that her cart might cross first. If the market closed, she said, there would be no buyers for her hogs and she would either have to wait until the next day or take a sharper’s price. Without the least hesitation Governor Yeater told her by all means to go ahead, and he would wait. He did wait too, another full half-hour, thinking nothing of it. His moral stamina, touched by a situation, struck back fire. Then there is the futile protest he made to Washington—but no less sound and vigorous because it turned out to be futile—against the transfer of the gold reserve fund from American banks to Manila. He dared superior displeasure on this occasion, though without effect; and yet, if he had been heeded, how many millions of pesos the islands would have been saved. The error, a gross one, is often attributed solely to Harrison, when the records would probably show that Washington shared in it quite as much, while they will also show that Washington overruled Yeater’s remonstrance. Then followed the inevitable difficulties of the Philippine National Bank, with its own funds and the gold reserve involved in long credits and the management following, in certain instances, a waiting game in the market in disposing of products in which it had a creditor interest. When Governor Yeater learned of the true situation of the bank, this situation was not publicly known and the markets for all Phil ippine products were still active on a high level of prices. Ascertaining and listing the obligations to the bank, Yeater instructed the bank to collect—“collect as fast as you can.” The bank was collecting, and rapidly recover ing a stable position, when the return to Manila of the governor general abrogated Yeater’s order. When rehabilitation was necessary, Yeater authorized the first bonds for this purpose. This was after the arrival in the islands of the Wood-Forbes commission. He carried on splen didly during all that period, receiving, as he deserved to receive, the commission’s and General Wood’s sincere commendations. Filipino cabinet members recall Governor Yeater’s favorite question when propositions were laid before him: “What is the law in this matter? What is the law on that point?” He had a brilliant command of the law him self, which guided him in drafting his memoran dum in hispardon issued in the notorious “Burns” case—an act which he afterward deeply regretted and made amends for, since he soon came to feel that the memorandum might better have been left unwritten. Realizing he had inflicted injury, he was quick to acknowledge the fault. One more recollection must suffice. Governor Yeater never shown in better light than he did on the day hundreds of tenants from the San Juan de Dios encomienda in Bulacan followed Senator Sandiko to Malacanang to present their grievances and petition for redress through executive intervention. They asked permis sion to present their petition, and their humility, since they were citizens, struck Governor Yeater most forcibly. He stepped to the window of his office and looked down at them, grouped in the palace yard, anxious to hear his words. Ex temporaneously he delivered such a lecture on democracy, having it carefully interpreted, as has seldom been heard in these islands. “You are not exercising a privilege!” he impressed upon that band of farmers again and again. “You are exercising a right! You have a perfect right, a right inherent in you as citizens, to address your governor upon any grievance whatever which you may feel you have, and your governor has the obligation to consider what you may choose to say, and to do all in his power to right whatever may be wrong. “Do not feel,” he insisted, “that it is by priv ilege that you come here. You come by right.” The problem presented in this huge estate, comprising three or more municipalities, remains, I believe, unsolved. Without a doubt it has two sides, but however it may be finally solved, no one of the peasants who heard Governor Yeater that memorable morning—not very long before he finally relinquished office—can forget the principles he laid down respecting the rights of citizens, even in the humblest walks of life. But that he could act with startling acerbity against the man who chose violence for his method, was shown in the Manila street-car strike after the fatal explosion of a bomb in the name of the strikers on Plaza Goiti. In Baguio, he telegraphed orders for the Constabulary to guard all cars with armed men and take every precaution for the preservation of order, and he himself motored to Manila in record time, to assume personal responsibility. With that one act of violence, all disorder was over. The man who made no move himself without the guid ance of the law would not tolerate for an instant unlawfulness in others. They once asked him to save the scalp of A Dunlop Triumph World’s record beaten for auto speed and durability of tires The World’s record for speed held by Major H. O. D. Segrave on his 1,000 H. P. Sunbeam, who, last year, attained the amazing velocity of 203.8 miles per hour running on DUNLOP tire equipment, has now been broken. Captain Malcolm Campbell, driving his Napier Bluebird Special at 206.9 miles per hour, also equipped with the famous DUNLOP tire, has broken all previous records for nerve of driver, strength and durability tires. Philippine Agents Smith, Bell & Co., Ltd. Manila, P. I. Phone 810: “Imports” Legaspi Cebu Iloilo Zamboanga IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 23 some proved rascal of great political influence in Cavite. He gave the men who came to him that quizzical look over his glasses which was a characteristic and challenging pose, and then said: “You gentlemen have taken the same oath of office that I have. If you can show me, without violating that oath, how I can do what you ask me to do without violating mine, I’ll do it!” That, of course, was the end of that. On another occasion it was Governor Yeater who wanted a favor from his cabinet—more salary for some one at Malacanang, or something of the sort. The cabinet was disposed to act, but a regulation seemed to bar the way. How The Romance of the Lowly Mangle <$► <©• ❖ Habitat of Crocodiles and Monkeys will now bring Prosperity to Hundreds of Moro Families By John A. Hackett The great natural resources of Mindanao and Sulu—the vast potential wealth of the soil, forest and sea—have, been given wide publicity, and now that conditions favor the safe invest ment of capital, development is beginning and will rapidly increase in volume. Rubber, hemp, sugar, coconuts, lumber and cattle are, and will continue to be, the great staple products of Mindanao, but it remained for a minor forest resource to give Zamboanga her second important industrial establishment. The first was the Philippine Desiccated Coconut Corporation. The mangrove (mangle) swamps, which border a large part of the coastline of these southern islands, have for ages been the habitat of crocodiles, monkeys and Wealth of the wild pigs, their only utility Mangle for man being the infinitesimal amount of firewood taken from ever, one man at the table gave the regulation a special interpretation, saying if it were taken in that way the action could be approved. Very anxious for the approval, Yeater said, “Let me see that regulation.” It was passed up to him. “Now, what is your suggestion?” The suggestion was repeated while the governor read for himself. Then he laid down the paper and shook his head. “No,” he said, “you can’t interpret that that way. It can’t be done." Against him or against the other fellow, he was for the law. Is it any wonder that he is remembered, and well nigh universally loved in these islands? Not at all. them for local consumption. Now these swamps will supply in abundance the raw material for the manufacture of that essential chemical of the leather industry—tannin. The reducing plant of the Philippine Cutch Corporation, now being erected in Zamboanga, is rapidly nearing completion and before the first of April the first bag of Praise for refined cutch (tannin) ever Filipino Labor produced in the Philippines will be ready for shipment. Just two months ago the freighter “Atlantic City” discharged at the Zamboanga pier the equipment for the factory, consisting of 400 tons of heavy apparatus and castings, many of the castings of bronze and copper weighing from three to nine tons. All of this was moved out to the factory site in Baliuasan, a distance of three kilometers, with the assistance of the per sonnel and facilities of the district engineer’s office, and is now practically all in place. The work was done entirely by local labor, under the direction of George A. Kerr, the general manager, and E. A. Robertson, who will be the factory superintendent. Mr. Kerr has nothing but words of praise for the Filipino as an intel ligent and efficient worker. He has erected cutch factories in all parts of Latin America, handled all kinds of labor, and is in a position to judge. The writer recently visited the factory with Mr. Kerr and spent a most interesting forenoon. The manufacturing of tannin extract from the bark of tidewater swamp woods How Cutch seems on its face a simple process, is made but it not only requires a heavy investment in complicated ap paratus which is mostly constructed of bronze and copper because of the corrosive qualities of tannic acid—one copper installation alone weighing over 65 tons—but it is an intricate scientific process of great delicacy and has to be conducted under the constant control of expert chemists. The bark, after careful sorting to eliminate the unfit, is crushed to a pulp in a specially designed machine. It is carried from the grinder by mechanical conveyors to a battery of 12 vats, locally constructed of calantas wood, each having a capacity of 25 tons of liquid. In these vats the tannin is extracted with water chemically treated. This is a delicate process as a variation of only a few degrees of temperature will ruin a whole day’s output. The liquid resulting from this extraction is then refined and carried to a triple effect vacuum evaporator where it is reduced to a heavy syrup. This apparatus evaporates 120,000 gallons in 24 hours. After this reduction a final refining is applied and the liquid extract then carried through a complicated rotary-coil finishing ap paratus where the water content is reduced sufficiently to render it solid when it becomes cool. While still hot the finished extract runs into burlap bags. It is then hung in racks to cool and solidify, after which it is repacked in palmCANADIAN PACIFIC LARGEST—NEWEST—FASTEST—STEAMSHIPS ON THE PACIFIC to CANADA, UNITED STATES and EUROPE Proposed Sailings: Dav Dav Dare. Dan Dare .Manila llon-jkono Shanghai Kobe. Yokohama "Emp. Asia”. . . . Mar. 24 Mar. 28 Mar. 31, Apl. 3 Apl. 6 Apl. 15 “Emp. Canada”. Apl. 14 Apl. 18 Apl. 21 Apl. 24 Apl. 27 May 6 “Emp. Russia” . May 5 May 9 May 12 May 15 May 18 May 27 “Emp. Asia” . . . May 26 May 30 June 2 June 5 June 8 June 17 “Emp. Canada”. June 17 June 20 June 23 June 26 June 29 July 8 “Emp. Russia” . July 7 July 11 July 14 July 17 July 20 July 29 CANADIAN PACIFIC EXPRESS TRAVELLERS CHEQUES Experienced Travellers carry them because of their convenience and safety DESCRIPTIVE FOLDERS ON APPLICATION TO CANADIAN PACIFIC PHONE 2-36-56 14-16 CALLE DAVID PHONE 2-36 57 GOOD THE WORLD OVER Aak any Canadian Pacific Agent l.\ RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 24 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL February, 1928 leaf retainers especially made for that purpose and is ready for shipment. The production capacity of the plant requires from 100 to 150 tons of green bark daily, or a minimum of 35,000 tons annually. To harvest this quantity of Lucrative bark daily and transport it to Employment the factory will require the labor of at least 1,000 men continually in the mangrove swamps. In addition nearly 200 more or less skilled employees will be used around the factory and in transporting the bark. Mr. Kerr is now having constructed in a local shipyard twelve specially designed barges, and these, with two powerful tugs, will transport the bark from the distant stations to the factory. The company has entered into a contract with Jos. S. Johnston to handle the raw material department. Within six weeks Mr. Johnston expects to have 500 men in the mangle swamps stripping bark and will build up the organization to 1,000 or more as rapidly as possible. This new industry will give lucrative employ ment to a class of the population that has here tofore eked out a meager.existence from the sea. The money distributed in the immediate vicinity of Zamboanga will amount to more than 1*2,000 a day, practically all of which will eventually reach the tills of the local merchants. The factory will utilize the bark of the various species of the bacauan, pototan and probably the langaray trees. There has been no market for tl-.ese species heretofore and great quantities have been destroyed and wasted by the Moros in getting out firewood, inflicting great loss upon the community and the government. Another phase of this industry, of almost equal importance to the bark, is that of the wood products. The company is required by the government to clear out all the Firewood in wood after the bark has been Abundance stripped therefrom, in order that it may replant the man grove area. This will produce an enormous quantity of wood for fuel and other purposes, assuring an ample supply for the community at large and such manufacturers as may need it. This department will eventually employ as many men as the bark department, and will practically double the payroll of 1’2,000 a day a’ready mentioned. There is no doubt that through the scientific management and control of harvesting and re planting which the company will carry out, this hitherto unused and valueless natural resource will be preserved as a source of wealth to the community in perpetuity. Hereafter when the fair ladies of Zamboanga go shopping for the latest styles in high-heeled slippers, chinelas and traveling bags, and their men folks barter with the merchants for shoes, saddles, harness and such like articles, they should feel much satisfaction in the knowledge that their community contributes no insignificant part to that wonderful process of making “purses out of sows’ ears.” No substitute has yet been discovered for tannin, the essential chemical used in making fine leather from the skins of animals, and tannin (cutch) is manufactured from the bark of the mangrove trees that grow in such abundance in the vast tidewater swamps in the close vicinity of Zamboanga. For ages this potential wealth has gone to waste, except for the firewood the Moros have cut for their own use and for sale in the neigh boring towns. Now it is to be turned into a valuable commodity to supply the world’s demands, and all the people of this region will profit thereby. The cutch factory, which will soon be in opera tion in Zamboanga, is the first industry of its kind to be established in this locality and the people do not yet understand and appreciate its magnitude and the benefits that will come to them because of it. In the production of cutch more than eighty per cent, of the total cost is for labor. When the factory is running to capacity about 1,500 men will be employed, and the great majority of them will be Moros gathering bark in the swamps. With ordinary industry a Moro will earn 1’2 a day. More than he ever earned before in his life. Not less than 1’3,000 will he paid to these La Flor de la India We carry complete lines of Beautiful Haori Coats, Spanish Shawls of the Latest Designs, and everything made of silk. Persian Rugs: 50% Dis count from our regular prices. Try Us Before You Buy 30-32 Escolta Manila, P. I. men every day; more than 1’1,000,000 every year. It is not hard to visualize what this will mean in better food and clothing for thousands of poor peopje and to the merchants of Zam boanga. Due to a misunderstanding a rumor has be come current locally that a hardhearted govern ment has given a great corporate octopus a monopoly of all the mangle swamps and that the people’s firewood supply is to be fed as fodder into its capacious maw. Nothing could be farther from the truth. Local dealers have taken advantage of this rumor to boost the prices of firewood temporarily, but prices will soon return to a lower scale than they were three months ago. It must be remembered that the cutch com pany is interested principally in the bark of Public Works Release of 1928 Waterworks Funds The release of 1*550,000, representing the waterworks funds in the 1928 public works budget, has been requested as follows: “For completing construction work on the following waterworks projects: 1. Tabaco, Albay............................. 1’ 1,500.00 2. Guindulman, Bohol....... 11,000.00 3. Pasacao, Camarines Snr........... 3,100.00 4. Carcar, Cebu.................... 15,000.00 5. Minglanilla, Cebu.......... 4,000.00 6. Santiago, Ilocos Sur....... 12,000.00 7. San Vicente, Ilocos Sur. 11,000.00 8. Santa Catalina, Ilocos Sur . . . 2,000.00 9. Lumban. Laguna............ 15,000.00 10. Bo. Toboso, Escalante, Occi dental Negros............. 10,700.00 11. Calat rava. Occidental Negros . 23,500.00 12. Bacong, Oriental Negros. . 1,500.00 13. Libcrtad, Oriental Negros........ 2,200.00 14. Badajos, Romblcn......... 4.000.00 15. Cajidiocan, Romblon.... 4,000.00 “For continuing construction work on the following waterworks projects: 1. Daraga, Albay (Daraga-Lcgaspi Waterworks)................. 1*25,000.00 2. Legaspi, Albay (Daraga-Legaspi Waterworks)................ 25,000.00 3. Bulacan, Bulacan........................ 25,000.00 4. Tuguegarao, Cagayan............... 25,000.00 5. La Paz, Iloilo (Iloilo Metro politan Waterworks)............. 21,000.00 6. Pavia, Iloilo (Iloilo Metro pplitan Waterworks)............. 20,000.00 7. Santa Barbara, Iloilo (Iloilo Metropolitan Waterworks).. 21,000.00 8. Bacolod, Occidental Negros.. . 25,000.00 “For starting construction work on the follow ing waterworks projects: 1. Ligao, Albay (Ligao-Oas Wa terworks)............ 25,000.00 2. Oas, Albay (Ligao-Oas Water works)................ 25,000.00 3. Bacloycn, Bohol... 18,000.00 4. Hagonoy, Bulacan. 25,000.00 the mangrove trees. The concession from the government provides, however, that in taking the bark they must also clear out the wood and replant the areas for future generations. In order to protect the consumers of firewood the company has just signed contracts with local dealers, turning over to them all the wood they can possibly sell, with the specific provision that it shall not be sold at higher prices than prevailed before the concession was granted. For every ton of bark gathered in the swamps there are left three tons of firewood. When the cutch factory is in full production it will consume 150 tons of bark a day. This means that there will be 450 tons of firewood available every day— enough to supply the demands of all of Mindanao and Sulu, with Manila thrown in for good measure. Heretofore firewood has been gathered by the people in a most wasteful manner. Regulations of the Forestry Bureau provided that an indi vidual or a company must secure a license to cut from a specified area. This provision has never been adhered to as the bureau was never able to enforce its rules. A Chinaman in Zamboanga would apply for a license to cut firewood from a small area, near Manicahan say, that he had never seen and never expected to see. He would then hire a dozen Moros to go out and cut anywhere their fancy or the abundance of good wood took them. The result has been that the whole coast line for miles is now stripped of the best trees, the tops and branches of which have been left to rot and interfere with new growth, causing a mass of twisted and stunted jungle that has little or no commercial value. All this will now be changed. The cutch corporation will see that the bark and wood are gathered systematically and that all cut-over areas are reforested. It will do this not only because the government requires it, but to assure a perpetual supply of raw material for its factory. —Minlanau llenM. 5. Meycauayan, Bulacan............... 25,000.00 6. Capiz, Capiz (Capiz-Ivisan Waterworks)............................. 25,000.00 7. Ivisan, Capiz (Capiz-Ivisan Waterworks)............................. 18,000.00 8. Naga, Camarines Sur (Camari nes Sur Metropolitan Water works)........................................ 15,000.00 9. Megarao, Camarines Sur (Ca marines Sur Metropolitan Waterworks)............................. 15,000.00 10. Tanjay, Oriental Negros........... 12,000.00 11. San Fernando, Pampanga........ 25,000.00 12. Atimonan, Tayabas.................... 14,500.00 Total.................................... 1’550,000.00 ISLANDS’ ASSESSED PROPERTIES The total assessment value of real property in the Philippines in 1927 was 1’1,668,242,205, compared with 1’1,612,984,270, in 1926, an increase of 1’44,291,162. In the 39 regular provinces alone, the total value of taxable property last year amounted to 1’1,330,362,853 compared with 1’1,286,071,691 in 1926. The value of property in special provinces last year amounted to 1’78,217,470 compared with 1’74,612,966 in 1926 , or an increase of 1’3,604,504. In Manila, the assessment value of real property last year amounted to 1*256,624,907, compared with 1’249,510,93 in 1926, or an increase of 1’7,114,014. The assessment of real property in Baguio last year amounted to 1*3,036,975, compared with 1’2,788,120 in 1926, or an increase of 1’248,255. CIRCULATION The total of money in circulation in the Phil ippines on February 4, according to the insular auditor’s report, was ‘1’139,212,042.70: Phil ippine coins, 1’21,300,144.50; Treasury certifi cates, 1’89,376,388; banknotes, 1’28,335,510.20. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 25 {Continurd from pooe 16) eggs, chickens and vegetables—all of which were lacking before. Here again the adminis tration must watch its step, under the mortifying eye of the politician. A leper family may grow a great deal of produce and poultry, but may not have these for its own consumption and enjoyment; all is bought by the administration and the colonists, by this means, kept on the even keel of the regular and official ration, furnished free. Thus no politician can truthfully say that some are rationed free and others left to rustle for themselves. Though many might do much better for themselves, and would benefit from Davao Lades 82 Ocean Ships: Plantations Thrive By F. M. Woodside With eighty-two foreign vessels and ninetytwo coastwise vessels calling at the port of Da vao during the year 1927, besides the continual operation of a fleet of sixty launches, ranging from powered bancas to larger modern launches of one hundred tons and more, including the latest types and of Diesel power plants, develop ment is fast increasing in the Davao region. Foreign tonnage for the year moved a total of 168,985 bales of the finest hemp produced in the Philippine Islands 4,057,174 kilos of copra, and 334,992 board feet of lumber. Custom house valuations show a total value of exports of PIO,759,866, with custom house receipts totalling Pl75,380. Imports for the same period amounted to 1,245,856 kilos only, as this is a new port of entry and local merchants have not completed ar rangements with foreign firms for direct imports. Direct hemp exports increased 6,582 bales, with the increase of copra amounting to 11,000 piculs over 1926 shipments. New hemp plantings are in evidence every where and the next year should show a much larger increase. Hemp prices have been good and for the most part steady, which has made possible many improvements to plantations and accounts for much of the new planting. Copra has maintained a steady price, but slightly lower than expected. The next year will show a much greater increase as many thousand new trees will come into bearing during the year. Planting of coconuts has far exceeded any equal period of the past, altho no very large single plantings have been made, but the great number of home-steaders and small plantings will no doubt exceed even the most liberal estim ates. Purchase of machinery and implements for plantation use has shown up well. At the present time three large central stripping plants are in operation, as well as several mechanical driers for copra. Much is expected from a new type natural draft drier now being installed on one of the large coconut plantations. The quality of copra has greatly increased with the use of the driers, which no doubt will have its effect on the market and encourage other plan tations to install driers. During the last few months two shipments of logs and considerable sawn lumber have been exported by direct steamers to Japan. This industry is "the newest of exports and a big field is offered in this commodity as large stands of timber meet the water edge at several places in the northern end of the Davao gulf. For several years silk worms and mullberry trees have been raised on a small but scientific scale with much better production than is possible in other places. Therefore it is expected that silk will take its place with other exports within the next few years. At the extreme southern end of the gulf pineap ples have been producing fruit for the experienced eye and taste of an expert from Hawaii for several seasons and, according to reports, it is expected that canning and direct exports of pineapples will soon rival that of the Hawaiian Islands. Land for agricultural purposes, for the growing of hemp, coconuts, rubber, pineapples, coffee the effort, which they should likewise enjoy, the mendicancy of stark invalidism is enforced upon them by the circumstances, whether they really are invalids or not. The better diet the new supplies of poultry, eggs and vegetables have made possible give tone to the patients’ general health; these and the exercise found in the daily work connected with growing them tend to reduce the inroads of tuberculosis, the malady from which most lepers really die. No doubt this is significant in the progress of the patients under the medical treatment; it has helped the 200 patients which Governor Gilmore reported as additional negative cases after his holiday visit to the colony. and all tropical crops, is plentiful and easily obtained’for occupancy, but often require several years to get title. During the year 159 apManila Hemp in Davao plications, covering more than 11,500 hectares of land for purchase, were made, but only 17 were awarded, totalling 2,000 odd hectares. There Tiruray Legend of the Fall and Redemption of Man Philippine Parallel of the Story in the Bible Stories of pagan origin of the creation and of the redemption abound in the Philippines, where they still are far more than traditions among the many isolated tribes of pagan peoples. In the simple folklore of the native peoples happy in their primitive hamlets one sees striking parallels to the sagas sung by the ancient shep herd race on the hillsides of Canaan; for these peoples in the Philippines also live near the stars and draw inspiration from the phenomena of nature round about them. One senses a brotherhood of all mankind in its universal awe in the presence of the unknown and the mysterious. The Tirurays of Cotabato are a very small tribe contented with the most primeval exist ence, yet Tiruray mothers tell their children the proud story of the race. Its first home, it INFORMATION FOR INVESTORS Expert, confidential reports made on Philippine projects ENGINEERING, MINING, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, LUMBER, ETC. Hydroelectric projects OTHER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES BRYAN, LANDON CO. Cebu, P. I. Cable address: "YPIL,” Cebu. were 80 odd applications for leases made cover ing 45,900 hectares and only one award made for 425 hectares. Public works development for the year have included the extension of the Santa Ana pier with concrete to a depth of 30 feet of water. Work on this pier should be finished within the next few months and will allow two of the big gest coastwise vessels to load or unload at the same time. When finally completed all large deepsea vessels will be able to dock and load direct over the pier. Considerable new roads have been built and several kilometers are now under construction, as well as several bridges and sizeable cuts shortening the road to the south which will open up thousands of hectares of virgin lands. A new concrete municipal building was com pleted early in the year, as well as a sizeable park around the provincial building. Eleven large lighters, including a water barge, a ten-ton lift and two big tugs, afford quick dispatch to foreign vessels calling at the port and assure the producer the full value for his pro duce, as the gross of the production is loaded direct from plantation piers into lighters, thence direct into the ship that is to take it to its foreign market. This assures but one handling which greatly reduces stowage and handling charges to the producer. Loading at the port is often done in record time for out-port loading, five thousand bales loaded in one ship in a day is not unusual. In all, the development of the province for the past year has been along good Jsound lines and shows a normal healthy increase which has made for general prosperity thruout the entire province. —Mindanao Herald. seems, was in heaven—or possibly a kind of Garden of Eden—but one day when all the tribe was out fishing a sudden wind blew all the boats away to this strange land—the Philippines—and the people have never been able to find their way back since. But to get back to heaven is a hope that never wanes in the Tiruray heart, so tradition has invented a means of doing so. Indeed, there once was a leader, Lagi-Linguas, Expect a who succeeded in leading back to Redeemer heaven a portion of his people, but they were only a few, and they await the arrival of the rest. Priests are balians among the Tirurays. At harvest time each’year, when the people have something to pay for the holy service, there IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 26 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 always is a balian promising to lead them back to heaven. He tries and they believe, but the harvest passes and the plans fail. It is because of the evil spirits, of course; everything in life, at least among the Tirurays, is governed by the will of spirits. When a balian is trying to exalt his people to heaven, he recites terrible maledictions against the evil spirits, but in the end they prevail against him. Some day the balian is to be helped by the hosts of heaven, and then the evil spirits will be vanquished for ever. In short, there is to be a redeemer. These simple and kindly people reject hell; bad people simply perish and forfeit the joy of heavenly life. Between heaven and earth there's quite a merry place called Falter En Route Bungo, from the name of to Heaven the old woman who keeps the inn there and serves excellent fish, rice and wine of the sugar cane. Here all the dead sojourn to await the death of the living; and death, it is seen, means merely the end of earthly and imperfect existence. Dying, one immediately sets out alcng the upward-leading trail to Bungo. It is really more than a trail, it is a nice wide road such as the Christians in the valleys have between their villages and towns. Hedges along the road to Bungo blossom with flowers and tinkle with silver bells, to cheer the weary traveler along, for the way is long and the heat intense; the traveler almost famishes and often falters as he moves along, sweating in his earthly garments. The hawk gazes down in pity on him, uttering a mournful note that the people often hear as they see the somber bird circling above them. The soul on its long pil grimage is believed to see the hawk also, but neither its sympathy nor the fragrance of the flowers nor yet the gentle cadence of the bells relieves the agony of the journey. Tiruray dancers imitate the movement of the We Have Not Yet Received a Good Fiction Story Some critics of the Jour nal, we hope every reader may be counted in this category, have thought a mistake is made in being willing to include short stories in the monthly grist and in stating that the Journal wants a short story worth 1*100, which it will pay upon publica tion when one turns up. None has turned up so far, but the offer re mains open and hope persists. We of course offer no market whatever to the absurd drivel now consuming printer’s ink and newsprint by the barrel and ton in Manila. A story we should pay 1*100 for would sell in New York for $250, five times as much; but there would be an ad vantage in beginning with the Journal, which would willingly, more than willingly, bring the budding author to the attention of magazine editors in America. For the Journal’s prime object in this venture is to establish such a literary market in Manila as will bring capable persons, who are not now writing, out of their shell. Fiction, first rate fiction, is going to waste all around us. Put into shape for editors, it becomes a commodity and may be sold quite as readily as any other commodity. Thus it will bring both money and repute to the community. There is hardly another part of the United States which isn’t being hymned in song and story in the magazine press and the Sunday feature pages of the news papers. No other part, on the other hand, has such abundant and virgin materials. The Journal knows, from its correspondence with editors, that they would fall upon anything from the Philippines with avidity; and that if it were at all available they would accept it promptly. Then why not try one’s hand, if one have the time? What becomes of Vassar graduates after they marry their West Point beaux and accompany them to Manila for hawk and interpret the tribal meaning placed upon it. Souls begin their journey to Bungo at dawn, and late in the afternoon, when the shadows are long on the mountains, they can hear the voices of the dwellers at Bungo. Looking Back At the first house they reach Spells Death they exchange their earthly garments for others more suit able for celestial realms; after changing their clothes, they cannot come back to earth again. At the second house they partake of food fitting them still more for life in Bungo. Soon they are in the midst of the settlement, if such it may be called, where every one welcomes them and old acquaintances inquire about friends still on earth. It is well if in all the long journey they have not looked back along the way, for if they have then this has caused others to die; it is strange that as happy a place as Bungo is supposed to be, with heaven in the offing, earthly life is still so well regarded that the emancipated souls are blamed if they have given the back ward glance that shortens it for any one. Now the wondering souls, at their journey’s end, meet old Bungo herself, who spreads a feast in their honor. Life is very happy in her realm, every one is gay and careAwait in Realm free; there arc hardly any of Happiness rules or laws to observe, and the souls of men and women and children alike join in daily games of sipa, a Malayan version of football. When all Tiruray souls have shaken off this earthly coil and gone to Bungo, then the farther trek toward heaven itself will begin, with old Bungo, stout and merry, leading the van. Along this fabled route is a narrow bridge spanning a pool of boiling water. It is here that every soul that has been cruel while on earth will fall off, de scending into oblivion. Philippine duty? Is Heat the best any of these mesdames can do? We don’t think so. But we suspect they are putting off till tomorrow what might better be done today. One New York editor managing a dozen fiction magazines has been hankering Will the Islands Ever Have a Whitman? Or a Lafcadio Hearn? for the past eight years for Philippine fiction, with little or none forthcoming. Without doubt, too, the Curtis group would be glad of a look at a good Philippine fiction manuscript. No single element of any magazine’s audience is larger than that made up of men and women who have been in the islands, and editors know it. Besides, they know the material is here; every visiting writer—Paul R. Wright, of the foreign staff of the Chicago Daily News, being the latest of them—sees this, deplores the fact that no one utilizes this material, and tells the editors about it when he gets back home. Finally, Governor Stimson’s advent here revives interest in the Philippines. The magazines, however, have but limited space for essays; fiction is what they want. Let’s give them what they want. Begin with the Journal, if you care to, come in and talk things over, in any case, and get started. We show Vincent H. Gowen’s picture. He is an old China stager, author of Sun and Moon, Frederick O’Brien, famous for South-Sea novels, is writing fiction of the Philippines. recently brought out in London and New York and making a success. Let's not be exclusive. What about mis sionaries?—what about their wives? What about the devoted mission priests?—the teach ers? Dr. Gowen is sojourning in the Philippines, to make his next book a Philippine story. That’s fine, and yet the Journal believes that the opportunity is just as much ours as it is the occasional visitor’s. Let’s grasp it too. Inci dentally, Dr. Gowen immediately makes himself a Journal subscriber; and we are conscious too, every time we make up the dummy for the printer, of the material we tuck away in it for the hand skilled at weaving fact into fancy. The Philippine Guaranty Company, Incorporated (Accepted by all the Bureaus of the Insular Government) Executes bonds of all kinds for Customs, Immigration and. Internal Revenue. DOCUMENTS SURETYSHIPS For Executors, Administrators, Receivers, Guardians, etc. We also write Fire and Marine Insurance Low rates iberal conditions ocal investments oans on real estate repayable by monthly or quarterly instal ments at low interest Call or write for particulars Room 403, Filipina9 Bldg. P. O. Box 128 Manila, P. I. Mgr’s. Tel. 2211 Main Office Tel. 441 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 27 Beat the Heat! An inviting bottle of refreshing Pale Pilsen is a cooling breeze down your throat. When you’re hot and tired during a hard day in the field, Pale I Pilsen goes right to the thirsty spot. ! There’s a sparkling tinging tang Order it by the case | Brewed by San Miguel Brewery Let’s Go to the Movies cjg By Mrs. George read In Manila, at the present time, the moving picture show, to use its less contemporary but more descriptive name, is The Theatre. It is the one inexhaustible mimic commodity which theatre-goers can rely upon every day in the year. So much has been and is being said for and against the silent drama, and. so little of it, either pro or con, carries a thimbleful of weight with the majority of individuals. They are not interested, pre-eminently in the Stage vs. Screen question,—but in pictures, plays, playwrights and players. Both Stage and Screen seem to be quite firmly entrenched behind active box-offices. They are both being more and more royally housed all over the world. To prosper variety in our entertain ment, and variety is essential—else we stagnate—, it is altogether desirable to sponsor the best of each, hoping in the meantime that the recently exploited “film with a voice” will prove to be yet another play house diversion and not a sort of Titan who might in time squeeze the blood out of the other two under consideration. More than likely it will be nothing more than an additional feature of certain film pro ductions,—for a long time to come as unsatisfactory an experimentation as Shakespeare in modern dress so far turns out to be on the legitimate stage. Certainly there is a type of dramatic writing suited peculiarly to the stage and to the stage alone. And there are contemporary playwrights who would shriek fire and rush into the wilderness, as an eminent racon teur of our acquaintance ends all his dramatic tales, at the mere mention of turning their plays into scenarios. Apart from the element of the speaking voice, so essential to a satisfactory representation of these particular plays, there is the part color plays, which in and by itself goes far toward estab lishing the mood of a situation. Color! The color in costume, the color in stage setting, added to the color in voice with its contrasts of light and shade as distinctive and important as opposing colors in a painting. For Tell - Tale Letters All the careful dictation in the world, and the best efforts of the stenographer, can not make a poor typewriter write NEAT letters. Don’t let YOUR machine embarrass you. If it is worn-out and obsolete, get a new one— Replace it with an UNDERWOOD The Machine You Will Eventually Buy Smith, Bell & Company, Ltd. Agents for the Philippines IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 28 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 example: the stirring effect of sudden silence followed by a bright fanfare of laughter. As well as we like “one who hath a pleasant voice and can play well on an instrument,” we find a peculiar interest in going to a theatre where the choreography of human emotion dis played in the expressions of the face, the magic of comprehensive gestures, the descriptive power of movement which the body possesses, must tell us all. The point, the significance, is in the personality, not in the sub-title. We wonder how long it will be before the Cinema Theatre will produce a group of out standing characterizations uniquely of the silver screen. This cannot come about until some creative artist looks with sympathy upon this type of theatre as his chosen medium. Just now the more or less sensational “thriller” seems to be before the house. But too often we see movies that were heralded with such flaming rhetoric the phrases burned holes in the press sheets, and are left utterly cold. We keep on going, knowing that it is the movie fan who now and then has the satisfaction of seeing the ugly duckling transformed into a swan. If we did not criticize the movies so freely, perhaps we would not enjoy them so much or care for more than a "season’s greet ings” sort of an acquaintance. What is it on the Screen, for us at any rate, that seems to diminish the sense of loss of vocal quality and of actual color? Movement, for one thing; the uninterrupted continuity, as of life itself, if you will. The Oriental Theatre long ago appreciated the ad vantages of a continuous performance, unbroken by entr’acts. It is a mistake to believe that all theatre in the Orient is long drawn out. A very high form of the dance drama, evolved in China and now seldom seen, was brief in respect to time, yet complete and perfect in its way. And there is the too little known Wayang Purwa of Java, drawing its dramatic plots from the Hindu legends of the Mahabharata and the Ramayana. The actors of this Wayang, ex quisite and finished in the art of pantomime and excelling in an extraordinarily graceful dance that is peculiar to Java, may be seen all over the Island, from Djokjakarta to the small est village market-places. The moving-picture show is blood brother of the Pantomime, of all the arts of the theatre perhaps the most distinguished. It is com monly known that the better a film-play is, the fewer will be its sub-titles. Too many “Came-the-dawns” which certain well-known producers seem to revel in, go far toward inter rupting the mood of a performance, as do long waits between the acts of a tense melodrama on the legitimate stage. These camera men seem to know black magic as well as white and can transform human beings into goblins, ghouls, fees, pegasii, chimeras, as they wish. They can make a tall man short, a fat man thin. They can lure the wild pea cock, the tiger and the ape close enough to touch. What do we care about the tele-photo lenses and the scientific expose of all these mira culous feats. The Jungle Book lives again and the Arabian Nights; Mephistopheles and the Witch of Endor raise the hair and curdle the blood; Fairy Berylune rides down the pale moon’s pathway on her brush-wood broom and Peter Pan in his bird’s-nest banca sails to an enchanted Island ’in Kensington Garden. We may see the rarest flowers unfold before our eyes; Arachne spin her intricate web; the finished craftsmen of Murano blowing sheerest glass into exquisite shapes. Would that their rainbowed iridescences, their arrogant reds and deep patrician blues were palpable on the silver screen. But at any rate the form is there. And to the individual who responds more readily to sculpture than to painting, this absence of color serves to intensify the significance of the architectural accent. The angle of a shadow, the curve of a stairway, the juxtaposition of this property to that, must rely solely for effect upon a harmony of design. Here the instinctive good taste or bad taste of the scene director is continually apparent,— his fine restraint and economy of objects, or his passion for a multitude of details. There have been scenes taken in the boundless Texas plains that were so cluttered up with men and steers—human as well as animal extras—wag ons, carts and what-nots, and the dust arising, that you could not have followed even a most im portant episode in the career of the Stetsonhatted hero if your life had depended upon it. A cloud of dust is about the only impression you could bring away with you. Just how much, and how little—that exquisite mean—is the difficult question for the producer of movies, even if he happens to be born with an artist’s instinctive sense of restraint. “The Gaucho,” with Douglas Fairbanks, shown recently at the Lyric illustrates this greed on the part of a producer sometimes to crowd too much into the scene of action. But the best directors the world over, in order to com pete in the movie game at all, are perforce too prolific to achieve a high average of really firstrate pictures. We do wish all of them were strong enough to resist the lure. of the metaphysical. It is too offensive if the least bit bogus. It is too elusive to lend itself to anything but suggestivity. P10.00 FIRST PRIZE: P5.00 SECOND There’s a big picture coming to town, TheBig Parade. The Journal wants to know what you think of it. Confine your opinion to 300 words or less. For the best, P10; for second best, P5. Address your manuscript to Mrs. George Read, P. O. Box 1638, Manila, P. I. In “The Gaucho” an almost revolting appeal was made to the superstitious, the ignorant, and the cheaply sentimental. Yet “Doug” seemed to revel in it all and to perform his usual impossible feats, with this difference—the flavor was ineffectual and prosaic. It was all so much Fairbanks “repetative” if there be such a word. His complacent struttings and grimacings called to mind John Barrymore’s recent appearance here in the Beloved Rogue. Not that we offer any comparison save in that attitude of tedious self-satisfaction. Atlantic Gulf and Pacific Co. OF MANILA ENGINEERS MANUFACTURERS CONTRACTORS 71-77 Muelle de la Industria MANILA, P. I. Manila Cordage Co. P. O. Box 131 Manila, P. I. TOWLINE BRAND High Quality Pure Manila Rope CROWN BRAND Good Quality Pure Manila Rope PLOW BRAND Mixed Fiber Rope Low in Price DRAGON BRAND Made of Pure Philippine Maguey Ask for Prices. There was a rather charming buoyancy about the holding of the miraculously healed hand to the candle flame and the joyous persistent application of spurts of match flame to the fingers, one after the other. But the whole theme was so lumbering and far-fetched that the audience was little prepared to receive any spontaneous action with conviction. There were miracles galore, black deaths, symbolism of the stupidest variety and a weird quasi-impersonation of the Catholic Virgin. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 29 Here was a tawdry illustration of a theory psy choanalysts have been expounding this many a day, drawing their most colorful examples from the life of Renaissance Italy. It was a day when no single altar in the land, from the private chapel of the Borgian popes to the poorest Florentine parish church was without its painted masterpieces depicting scenes in the life of the Virgin, nominally from Scripture but really from romantic Italy. From Fra Beato Ange lico’s ethereal little wisp-saints to the golden glow of Titian’s sumptuous Madonna of the Roses, feminine beauty made its most vaguely defined and its most vibrant appeals. Fra Angelico was naive and guileless and most whole-heartedly religious. Giorgione, Bellini, Titian, following da Vinci’s example, painted with the undisguised purpose of blending Chris tianity with Paganism. It would be difficult to imagine a more blun dering and crude conception of this ethereoerotic, this heaven and earth complex, and its effect on susceptible human beings, than that depicted in “The Gaucho”. Eve Sothern was cast as a sort of high priestess of the church in the “city of the miracle”. Here she alter nately interceded for the diseased, the halt and the blind who came there to pray, and rebuffed their honest efforts to come to terms of intimacy with her. She was obviously a siren with a song, but of course too obviously so to move any save the dullest or the shabbiest ima gination. It is true that in walking and posing she did not resort to the conventional snake-like sinuosity. On the contrary, she was annoy ingly wooden. Perhaps this static attitude represented the divine side of the characteriza tion as nearly as she felt capable or could be directed to suggest. Well! All we can say is that even the least of the commercial little blue and white replicas of the Virgin, in wax or china, sold to curious tourists at Lourdes,—where Fairbanks is said to have gotten his “inspiration”,—possess more of the inner and the outer manifestations of grace than Miss Sothern in “The Gaucho”. The crowning touch of metaphysical banality was spared us, although it would have had no more effect than a shot fired at a man already dead. That touch would have been to have shown the Girl of the Shrine ascending and descending a sort of rose-twined Jacob’s ladder from the rock bound altar, made, of course, of papier mache, into skiey bowers and back again. Who suffers with us the recollection of the realistic ascen sion to Heaven of Marguerite and Faust in an otherwise excellent picture with adorable Ma dame Guilbert as Dame Marthe and Emil Jannings as Mephistopheles? We go unwillingly to press before seeing Eddie Cantor in his first film play, “Kid Boots”. We hope and anticipate that he will, for Come dy’s sweet sake, have a greater share of center stage than Ziegfeld’s Broadway production allowed him. He was very seldom seen during that production and “between whiles” the action sagged deplorably. Every song, wise-crack and dance was hoary and hackneyed except Cantor’s own particular contributions. It was, of all the late musical comedies, the one that went farthest toward reviving the now almost extinct tired business man. He was indeed very weary by half-past eleven p. m. However, one of them, a rather prominent man-abouttown and an habitue of the bobbed-head row— recently acquired from the vanquished bald heads—was seen after the first act, displaying an uncommon amount of energy. It was the popular first night, and orchestra seats had been sold out at twenty-three dollars gold, tax in clusive, a seat. This enterprising homme du monde was down on his knees with a screw driver, working fast to disengage his costly aisle seat from contact with the floor. He ex plained in a loud voice that he had paid for that seat and he expected to take it home with him. It was not until the curtain was about to rise on the second act that he completed his task, so it was too late for other sympathetic abetters in the audience to follow his example. And at the end of the performance, the orchestra and electricians who had received instructions from the panic stricken manager of the theatre, play ed about half a bar of music, and put out the lights so screw-drivers could not be passed around and all the furniture moved out. So much for the blithe spirit of give and take in Gotham. We look forward with mighty zest to the pre sentation of “Chang,” March 15th to 18th, at the Lyric. Press notices indicate that it is of the bigger and better order of movies, which are not necessarily a test of art, but rather more often of novel entertainment. It has strained the camera’s ingenuity to the utmost for the leading characters are wild animals—elephants and tigers. “Chang” boasts not a single trained actor and very few human characters. It has been made in the jungles of Siam, and the story is a true expos6 of the lives of the people who live in these jungles practically untouched by civilization. If you enjoy animal pictures you Railway NORTHERNROCKIES and CASCADES. I RIENTAL" IMITED won’t cavil about a plot and if you are going out to Angkor-Wat and thence to the jungles to hunt, anytime in the near future, this picture should prove an extraordinarily interesting diversion. Of course it may not live up to its possibilities, but important news reaches us concerning Ernest B. Schoedsack who handled the camera for the shooting of the picture. For one thing he played an important part in Beebe’s expedition to the Sargasso; and there in Siam penetrated its fierce, lush, northern reaches, three weeks journey from civilization, to study the playful habits of wild tigers and to record them for the Screen. “This is the hour of pride and power, Talon and tush and claw. Oh hear the call!—Good hunting all That keep the Jungle Law!” Kipling’s N ight-Song in the Jungle. No Extra Fare on ’'Finest in all America** for particular* see AMERICAN EXPRESS Co. Of A. C. HENDERSON Chaco Bldg., Manila IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 TOBACCO REVIEW RAIL COMMODITY MOVEMENTS 1 By P. A. Meyer By M. D. Royer Alhambra Cigar and Cigarette Traffic Manager, Manila 1 Manufacturing Co. Railroad Company Raw Leaf: Except for an increased activ ity in the export market, no important transac tions in leaf for local use have been reported. The larger export ship ments were consigned exclusively to Euro pean and the Korean Monopolies. February exports were as follows: Australia.............................. Ceylon.................................. China.................................... Czechoslovakia.................. Hongkong............................ Korea.................................... North Africa...................... North Atlantic (Europe) Spain..................................... Straits Settlements.......... United States.................... Uruguay............................... 1,095,536 39,789 223,999 157,872 114,996 817,102 2,779 142,124 9,614 faction minafng “Yes! Just Duplicate Cigars: A slight improvement in shipments to the United States is shown in the February figures. Pending the outcome of further ne gotiations, a decision about the new Chinese luxury taxes has been postponed. Comparative figures for cigar shipments the United States are as follows: February 1928, 15,310,447: January 1928, 11,247,174; February 1927, 13,558,309; all figures for cigars, not boxes or thousands. I Universal former order. Your tailor has fitted me perpectly!’ Largest Selection of good suitings New York-Paris-Manila 12 Escolta Phone 706 Manila, P. I. 2,660,522 REVIEW OF THE EXCHANGE MARKET By Stanley Williams International Banking Corporation. The following com modities were received in Manila Jan. 26, 1928, to Feb. 25, 1928, both inclusive, Railroad: Rice, cavans........... .. Sugar, piculs................. Tobacco, bales.............. Copra, piculs................. Coconuts......................... Lumber, B. F............... Desiccated coconuts,. . cases......... ............... Telegraphic transfers on New York were quoted at 1 % premium on January 31st and the market was unchanged at this level throughout February. There were buyers at 3/4% pre mium ready throughout the month and 3.4% premium was general for February. In the early part of February a considerable amount of export bills were settled for March delivery on the basis of 3 '4% premium and later in the month further sub stantial amounts were done for February-March on the same basis. Buying rates toward the close of the month were quoted 3/4% premium Mrach 15th 5/8% premium last half March 8% to 3 '4% premium April. With the ex ption of the forward export activity mentioned the general tone of the market was quiet during the month. Purchases of telegraphic transfers from the Insular Treasurer, according to the report of the Insular Auditor since last report have been as follows: Week ending January 28th............... $200,000.00 Week ending February 4th.............. 250,000.00 Week ending February 11th ........... 850,000.00 Week ending February 18th ........... 575,000.00 Sterling cable transfers were quoted at 2/0 5/16 sellers 2 0 12 buyers on January 31st and remained unchanged throughout February with, however, occasional premiums of 1/16th in favor of the public on both rates. Three months sight credit bills were quoted at 2/1 on January 31st and 3 m s D P bills at 2 /1 1/16. On February 1st these rates were raised to 2/1 l/16th and 2 1 1/8 respectively, at which level they were unchanged until February 23rd when they were lowered to 2/1 and 2/1 1/16 and remained unchanged until the close of business on the 28th. The New York London cross rate closed at 487 1/8 on January 31st, dropped to a low for the month of February of 487 1/32 on the 3rd, gradually rose to a high of 488 on the 23rd and closed at 487 15/16 on February 28th. London Bar Silver closed at 26 1/4 spot 26 1/16 forward on January 31st, touched a low February of 26 1/16 spot 25 15/16 forward on the 1st, a high of 26 3/8, 26 5/16 on the 10th and closed at 26 3/16 spot and forward on the 29th. New York Bar silver closed at 56 3/4 on Jan uary 31st, touched a low for February of 56 1/2 on the 5th and 6th, a high of 57 1/4 on the 14th, 17th, 20th, 21st, 23rd, 24th and 27th, and closed at 57 1/4 on February 28th. Telegraphic transfers on other points were quoted nominally at the close as follows: Paris..................................... 1240 Madrid.................... ........... 172 1/4 Singapore............... ........... 116 Japan....................... ........... 95 3/8 Shanghai................. ........... 77 3/4 Hongkong............... ........... 101 1/2 India........................ ........... 135 Java......................... ........... 121 1/2 COPRA AND ITS PRODUCTS By E. A. Seidenspinner ice-President and Manager, Copra Milling Corporation Copra production during February was far from satisfactory and total arrivals at Manila for the month were only 108,122 bags. This is by far the lightest production we have had for any month during the past five years. With the excep tion of one mill, all of the local crushers have operated intermittently during the month and at this time only two mills are open. While it is not probable that March production will be as low as February at the same time several months will be required before local mills’ reserve stocks can be re-established. Prices for February were far in excess of U. S. and Continental parities as much as 1*13.50 or better being paid for choice lots of bodega stock copra. There is no indication that foreign market prices will advance in the very future. Latest quota tions follows: IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 31 Cebu, £27, 0 0; F. M. M„ £27 0 0; Manila— resecada bodega, P13.00 to 1’13.50. COCONUT OIL Nearby offerings of this item still continue to depress the U. S. market and prices were further reduced from the 8-1/8 cent January level to 8-1/16 cents f.o.b. tank cars West Coast. All available statistics show an increase in the visible supply of coconut oil on December 31, 1928, as compared with December 31, 1927. Imports of copra and coconut oil into the United States during the month of January were very sub stantial, being more than sufficient to cover normal disappearance. With large consumers comfortably fixed and an ample supply of com peting fats, there seems to be little prospect of higher prices for coconut oil during the coming month. Latest cables follow: San Francisco, $.08-1/16 f.o.b. tank cars; New York, $.08-1/4 c.i.f. nominal; London, £39 10/0 nominal; Manila, I’.36 to 1’.37 per kilo. the great majority of the five million rice growers will have little to spend. To a very large extent this affects the commercial markets dealing in their necessities. There is also another item which affects supply and demand in the rice industry, the increasing use of flour. This signifies a change in living standards due partly to higher wages than form erly prevailed. The following data are per tinent: During the past five years the value of imported rice was 1’49,877,300, and the total imports of flour during the same period were valued at 1’44,872,100; that it to say, rice and flour imports were in a ratio of 10 to 9, or rice imports yearly were valued at nearly 1’10,000,000 and flour imports at nearly 1’9,000,000. Owing to its bulk and weight, rice is by far the heaviest item of freight in the islands. The average cost of transporting a sack of rice (or its equivalent in palay) from the producing regions to Manila dealers at present writing is 1’0.97, 1/7 of its selling price, a figure much too high. Cabanatuan, the principal provincial shipping point, has but a single line of railway— inadequate, with its feeder lines, to handle the crop at the peak of the season. Shipments have risen from 55,000 sacks per month in 1923 to a much higher level. There are over 100 firms in Cabanatuan who handle rice and palay, some as feeders to the big mills. Several of the latter complain that they cannot get enough cars to ship their rice, some of them having to store in Cabanatuan 2/3 of their daily run, which causes a financial loss to them and delays the filling of orders. Others have no difficulty, they say, in obtaining all the cars they want. This should be looked into by traffic managers, expanding business calling for an expanding service. There is a movement underway to ship by truck and trailer. The railway freight rate from Cabanatuan to Manila is 1’0.34 per sack or 1’5.90 per ton, approximately. Trucks would of course have to compete with this price. More and more palay is being diverted north ward, to be milled for the Ilokano region, peren nially short of the cereal because of the lowering production in total and per hectare. COPRA CAKE Local stocks of Copra Cake are the lowest in years, and notwithstanding the apparent lack of interest on the Continent, very little business was put through during the month. During the past week inquiry from Hamburg has been somewhat more active. Reports advise that this is the result of intensely cold weather ob taining in Europe during the month. At this writing it is possible to do £8/12 6 for forward shipment. Latest advices follow: San Francisco, no quotation; Hamburg, £8 12 6 any position; Manila, buyers, 1’60.00 to 1’61.00; sellers, 1’62.00 to 1’63.00. Manila, March 3, 1928. THE RICE INDUSTRY By Percy A. Hill or .Munoz. N’urra Ecija, Director, Rice Producers’ Association. Prices have sagged since the last report, owing to the lack of accurate data concern ing the actual supply. Buyers have been loath to buy more than their daily needs, sellers re luctant to sell until more normal prices obtain. Superior has dropped to 1’7.75 per sack; first and second grades are lower, while the poorest grades can scarcely find a market at all, being milled from hard, colored and subnormal varieties. Offers for palay at terminal provincial markets vary from 1*3.05 to 1’3.15 per cavan, with 1’2.80 as the ruling local price. As a comment on the general stagnation in agricultural industries, it is worth noting that this year the net gain on capital invested in the rice industry is but slightly over 12 percent, with a yield averaging over 52 cavans per hectare. Producers representing some 55% of the men engaged in the industry, whose average yield is under 30 cavans per hectare, are consequently producing at a loss. The latest statistics from the agricultural bureau give the 1925-1926 crop as 47,780,000 cavans from 1,755,920 hectares, or approxi mately 27 cavans to the hectare. It is readily seen that the industry is suffering from too many low-yield growers, and that profits, except under rare circumstances, are negligible. As the tariff protection is 87 centavos per cavan of palay, and the net gain under the best circum stances this year is 85.9 centavos per cavan, removal of the tariff protection would wipe out any gain whatever. The estimated loss of the low-yield growers this season, 1927-1928, is not less than 1*1.00 per cavan. With such losses, and such small margins under the best circumstances, it may also be seen that "North Coast Limited” “One of America’s Fine Trains” shows you the Cascade Mountains, the Rocky Moun tains and the Mission Range by daylight. From the main line of the Northern Pacific, travelers'see 28 ranges of mountains, and the train rolls along 1406 miles of rivers—pictures of "startling beauty" all the way. The “North Coast Limited" is a new train—new engines one-third of a block long! New Pullmans, new observation cars, wonderful new type dining cars. We Meet All Boats at Victoria and Seattle R. J. Tozer, A. G. P. A., Seattle, Wash. E. E. Blackwood, G. A., Victoria, B. C. Northern Pacific Railway “First of the Northern Transcontinentals” IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 32 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 SHIPPING REVIEW By IL M. CAVENDER The Robet Dollar Company Statistics present a rather unusual condi tion in Philippine Is lands shipping for the period just ended. For the first time in a number of years the tonnage of outward car go for the month of January has dropped below the month of December. This does not indicate an unheal thy condition, however, but can be attributed to a very limited number of sailings during the month of January. Tonnage for the Atlantic Coast of the United States has been particularly scarce, and will continue so until the bulk of the sugar crop has been moved. Freight rates in all directions have been very firm and there is at present a strong upward tendency. Copra, stocks of which have been very short in the local markets for some time, seems to be coming in fairly freely at present. A number of THE YOKOHAMA SPECIE BANK — LTD. —(ESTABLISHED 1880) HEAD OFFICE: YOKOHAMA, JAPAN Yen Capital {Paid Up) - 100,000,000.00 Reserve Fund - . . . 96,500,000.00 Undivided Profits - - - - 6,179,045.45 MANILA BRANCH 34 PLAZA CERVANTES, MANILA K. YABUKI Manager PHONE 1759—MANAGER PHONE 1758—GENERAL OFFICE the local oil crushers who were shut down tem porarily are reported to be operating at about 50% of capacity. The larger shippers to the Gulf and to the Pacific Coast are also indicating that they will require considerably more space than they have engaged for some time to take care of their forward movements. The local oil crushers still continue their agitation for curtailment of copra' shipments from out-ports. However, it seems that the attitude of those with official authority in the matter feel that the greater needs of the growers and the interests of the country at large are best served by allowing shipments from out-ports. A heavy movement of sugar continues to the Atlantic Coast and to a lesser extent to the Pacific Coast. Some muscovado sugar is also moving to Japan ports. The last half of Feb ruary in most of the sugar producing sections was quite wet and cloudy. This being the time when the sugar cane, requires the maximum of sunshine for its development the unfavorable weather conditions have retarded growth some what and may have the effect of lengthening out the season slightly. Sugar traders are also watching the New York sugar market closely. Heretofore practically all the sugar shipped this season has been shipped by producers but within the past two weeks the larger trading concerns have commenced to ship fair quantities of sugar. Passenger traffic as a whole has shown gains over last month, and is quite satisfactory. How ever, the steerage movement to the Pacific Coast has not come up to expectations. Careful inquiry would indicate that the coming elections are largely responsible for this rather sluggish steerage movement at a season when it should be at its height. The months of April, May and June promise to be much heavier than last year. During the month of February a total of 1788 passengers, all classes, are reported to have departed from the Philippines. Returns are incomplete but figures are correct to within 5%. First figure represents cabin passengers; second figure steerage: To China and Japan 161-246; to Pacific coast 84-311; to Honolulu 2-834; to Singapore 58-69; to Mediterranean ports 22-1. From statistics compiled by the Associated Steamship Lines there was exported from the Philippines during the month of January: To China and Japan ports 7231 tons with a total of 40 sailings, of which 4368 tons were carried in American bottoms with 12 sailings; to Pacific coast for local delivery 34125 tons with 12 sail ings, of which American bottoms carried 23081 tons with 8 sailings; to Pacific coast for transhipOXYGEN Electrolytic Oxygen 99% pure HYDROGEN Electrolytic Hydrogen 99% pure ACETYLENE Dissolved Acetylene for all purposes WELDING Fully Equip ped Oxy-Ace tylene Weld ing Shops BATTERIES Prest-O-Lite Electric Stor age Batteries Philippine Acetylene Co. 281 CALLE CRISTOBAL MANILA IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 33 ment 886 tons with 7 sailings of which American bottoms carried all; to Atlantic coast ports direct 78057 tons with 17 sailings of which 56578 tons were carried in American bottoms with 9 sailings: to European ports 12450 tons with 17 sailings, of which 88 tons were carried in American bottoms with 2 sailings; to Austra lian ports 1330 tons with 5 sailings of which American bottoms carried none; or a grand total of 134079 tons with 65 sailings, of which Amer ican bottoms carried 84901 tons with 19 sailings. After having been put up for sale at regular periods without any serious bidding having been done, and at times under unfavorable operating terms, it came as a distinct surprise to many to learn that three of the regularly established United States Shipping Board services calling at Philippine ports had been disposed of to private interests. The lines sold were as follows: The American Oriental Mail Line to a group of Tacoma business men; The Oregon Oriental Line, to the Columbia Pacific Shipping Company; The American Australia Orient Line, to combined Matson Navigation Company and AmericanHawaiian Steamship Company interests. SHIPPING PERSONALS E. W. Latie, until recently the General Agent of the Columbia Pacific Shipping Company at Manila, departed on the American Mail Liner President McKinley to take up his new duties as General Traffic Manager of the same concern at Portland, Oregon. While of course we all wish him much success in the handling of his new duties, most of the boys in shipping circles keenly feel the loss of this popular shipping man to Manila. Norris Miles, of the passenger department of The Robert Dollar Company, looked forward with expectation to the arrival of the American Mail Liner President Jefferson, and why shouldn’t he? For it brought Miss Josephine Block of Denver, his fiancee. They were married the evening of the arrival of the President Jefferson on March 7. G. P. Bradford, until recently treasurer of L. Everett, Inc., has been appointed General Agent at Manila for the Columbia Pacific Shipping Company to succeed E. W. Latie, who has returned to the United States. A. W. Parry, Vice-President of the Tampa Inter-Ocean Steamship Company, who has been in the Far East for some time on a tour of investigation, left Manila with Mrs. Parry and their young son for Singapore on the Dollar Liner President Van Buren. They are spend ing a number of weeks in French Indochina and the Dutch East Indies and will continue around via Suez to New York. Manila to New York via Suez and Europe See the Old World on your trip home. Stops of several days in many ports. You can travel through Europe and catch our boat for New York via Southampton, England, at Bremen. “The Most Interesting Trip In The World.” NORDDEUTSCHER LLOYD Zuellig & von Knobelsdorff Agents 90 Rosario, Manila Phone 22324 Neil Macleod, who has been absent from Manila on an extended leave of absence, returned to his post during February. Mr. Macleod is manager of the shipping department of Smith, Bell & Co., Ltd. Malaysia grows 5,000 acres of coffee and imports coffee annually to the value of nearly $1,500,000. It will require 15,000 more acres to supply the local demand. PAGSANJAN PICTURES WANTED Readers will please notice, in the clos ing paragraph of the Great Mission Trail story this month, that Pagsanjan is next on the list and that pictures of the falls are wanted. Five pesos is offered for the best amateur picture submitted prior to April 1. AMERICAN MAIL LINE DOLLAR STEAMSHIP LINE COMBINED TRANSPACIFIC SERVICE SAILING ONCE A WEEK The “President” Liners Offer Speed—Service—Courtesy—Comfort Excellent Food, Comfortable Cabins, Broad Decks, American Orchestra, Dancing, Swimming Pool, Sports SAILING ONCE A WEEK TO SAN FRANCISCO ROUND THE WORLD VICTORIA AND AND LOS ANGELES President Polk - - - Mar. 14 SEATTLE via President Adams - Mar. 28 via Hongkong, Shanghai, Kobe, President Garfield April 11 Hongkong, Shanghai, Kobe, Yokohama, and Honolulu President Harrison April 25 and Yokohama President Monroe May 9 SAILINGS President Wilson May 23 SAILINGS ON ON ALTERNATE FRIDAYS Sailings every fortnight ALTERNATE SATURDAYS 24 Calle David MANILA Telephone No. 2-24-41 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 34 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 CURRENTS IN SAN BERNARDINO STRAIT By O. P. Sutherland Predictions by U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washington, D. C. Babcock & Templeton, Inc. j NEW YORK MANILA CEBU SAN FRANCISCO Exporters of Philippine Produce Hemp, Copra, Maguey Head Office: China Bank Bide., Manila Phones 2-29-62 and 2-29-63 Agents for United Kingdom and Europe: Robinson, Fleming & Company 9 Billiter Sq., London, E.C. 3 Head States Office: 183 Madison Ave. New York City' Current tables for San Bernardino Strait for April, May, and June are given below. The navigator leaving a port in the Philippine Islands, intending to pass from Samar Sea through San Bernardino Strait and into the Paci fic Ocean, should time his departure from port so that he will arrive in the vicinity of Capul Island, at the entrance to San Bernardino Strait, at or about the time given in the column “Slack before ebb.” He will then have approximately seven hours of favorable current to assist him on his passage. It should be remembered that the predicted currents are based on normal conditions. A strong northcast monsoon may delay the change in current as much as 30 minutes. No attempt should be made to reconcile the predicted currents with the predicted tides. A letter, recently received at this office, from the Director of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey at Washington, D.C., contains the following significant statement: “The currents in the vicinity of San Bernardino Strait are very com plicated and any attempt to reconcile the high and low waters with the currents would naturally be unsuccessful.” Date 1928 Slack before Maximum ebb. Slack before flood ebb. Time Velocity April 1 2:30 a.m. 8:38 p.m. 11:52 p.m. 4.1 knots — 2 11:30 a.m. —=---— 3:09 a.m. 9:32 p.m. 12:27 p.m. 0.4 “ 1:29 p.m. 3 11:18 a.m. 12:32 a.m. 4.4 “ 3:38 a.m. 10:18 p.m. 12:56p.m. 1.5 “ 2:46 p.m. 4 11:24 a.m. 1:08 a.m. 4.4 “ 4:03 a.m. 11:00 p.m. 1:29 p.m. 2.6 “ 3:38 p.m. 5 11:33 a.m. 1:42 a.m. 4.2 “ 4:23 a.m. 11:40 p.m. 1:56 p.m. 3.4 “ 4:21p.m. 6 11:48 a.m. 2:15 a.m. 3.7 “ 4:42 a.m. -------- 2:31p.m. 4.0 “ 5:02 p.m. 7 12:21a.m. 2:47 a.m. 3.0 “ 4:59 a.m. 12:03 p.m. 3:02 p.m. 4.3 “ 5:41p.m. 8 1:07 a.m. 3:20 a.m. 2.1 “ 5:14 a.m. 12:20 p.m. 3:32 p.m. 4.4 “ 6:20 p.m. 9 2:03 a.m. 3:51a.m. 1.1 “ 5:22 a.m. 12:40 p.m. 4:03 p.m. 4.2 “ 7:00 p.m. 10 4:20 a.m. 1:04 p.m. 4:37 p.m. 3.8 “ 7:44 p.m. 11 1:33 p.m. 5:21p.m. 3.4 “ 8:35 p.m. 12 2:13 p.m. 6:24 p.m. 2.8 “ 9:38 p.m. 13 3:15p.m. 7:50p.m. 2.6 “ 11:00 p.m. 14 4:54 p.m. 9:15 p.m. 2.7 “ — 15 12:30 a.m. 6:40p.m. 40:26 p.m. 3.3 “ — 16 1:24 a.m. 7:58p.m. 11:22 p.m. 3.9 “ — 17 10:54 a.m.-------— 2:24 a.m. 9:02 p.m. 12:13 p.m. 0.9 “ 1:35 p.m. 18 10:48 a.m. 12:09 a.m. 4.3 “ 3:02 a.m. 9:58 p.m. 12:46 p.m. 2.2 “ 2:45 p.m. 19 10:52 a.m. 12:52 a.m. 4.4 “ 3:33 a.m. 10:53 p.m. 1:19 p.m. 3.5 “ 3:39 p.m. 20 11:03 a.m. 1:32 a.m. 4.0 “ 4:00 a.m. 11:49 p.m. 1:53 p.m. 4.6 “ 4:30 p.m. 21 11:20 a.m. 2:11a.m. 3.2 “ 4:22 a.m. -------- 2:29 p.m. 5.6 “ 5:20 p.m. 22 12:51a.m. 2:50 a.m. 2.0 “ 4:37 a.m. 11:42 a.m. 3:07 p.m. 6.1 “ 6:12 p.m. 23 2:11a.m. 3:29 a.m. 0.8 “ 4:40 a.m. 12:10 p.m. 3:48 p.m. 6.1 “ 7:06 p.m. 24 12:43 p.m. 4:36 p.m. 5.8 “ 8:02 p.m. 25 26 27 28 29 30 May 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 1:23 p.m. 2:15p.m. 3:32 p.m. 5:24 p.m. 7:09 p.m. 8:26 p.m. 10:16 a.m. 9:26 p.in. 10:18 a.m. 10:17 p.m. 10:28 a.m. 11:04 p.m. 10:41 a.m. 11:50 p.m. 10:57 a.m. 12:40 a.m. 11:16 a.m. 1:40 a.m. 11:36 a.m. 12:00 p.m. 12:27p.m. 1:00 p.m. 1:41 p.m. 2:38 p.m. 4:05 p.m. 5:56 p.m. 10:08 a.m. 7:34 p.m. 9:42 a.m. 8:54 p.m. 9:42 a.m. 10:05 p.m. 9:52 a.m. 11:13 p.m. 10:11 a.m. 12:24 a.m. 10:36 a.m. 1:55 a.m. 11:07 a.m. 11:42 a.m. 12:20 p.m. l>:07 p.m. 2:00 p.m. 3:11p.m. 4:50 p.m. 6:38 p.m. 9:15 a.m. 8:12 p.m. 5:32 p.m. 6:38 p.m. 7:52 p.m. 9:08 p.m. 10:18p.m. 11:13 p.m. 12:00 p.m. 11:58 p.m. 12:31 p.m. 12:37 a.m. 1:02 p.m. 1:12 a.m. 1:33 p.m. 1:47 a.m. 2:05 p.m. 2;22a.m. 2:37 p.m. 2:57 a.m. 3:09 p.m. 3:41 p.m. 4:18p.m. 5:03 p.m. 6:02 p.m. 7:13 p.m. 8:29 p.m. 9:39 p.m. 11:00 a.m. 10:41 p.m. 11:39 a.m. 11:34 p.m. 12:16 p.m. 12:23 a.m. 12:52 p.m. 1:07 a.m. 1:30 p.m. 1:49 a.m. 2:09 p.m. 2:31 a.m. 2:50 p.m. 3:34 p.m. 4:24 p.m. 5:17 p.m. 6:16 p.m. 7:19 p.m. 8:24 p.m. 9:27 p.m. 10:41 a.m. 10:27 p.m. 5.0 “ 4.2 “ 3.5 “ 9:04 p.m. 10:15 p.m. 11:34 p.m. 3.0 2.9 2.9 1.3 “ 2.9 “ 2.6 “ 2.8 “ 3.6 “ 2.5 “ 4.5 “ 2.0 “ 5.1 “ 1.4 “ 5.4 “ 0.7 “ 5.4 “ 5.1 4.7 4.2 3.6 3.2 3.0 3.0 0.3 3.0 1.8 2.9 3.3 “ 2.5 “ 4.8 “ 1.9 “ 6.1 “ 1.1 " 6.9 “ 0.2 7.2 “ 7.0 “ 6.4 5.5 4.4 3.5 2.7 2.1 0.7 1.7 12:42 a.m. 1:32 a.m. 11:27 a.m. 2:08 a.m. 2:01 p.m. 2:34 a.m. 2:58 p.m. 2:56 a.m. 3:43 p.m. 3:17 a.m. 4:22 p.m. 3:35 a.m. 5:00 p.m. 3:52 a.m. 5:38 p.m. 4:04 a.m. 6:16 p.m. 6:56 p.m. 7:39 p.m. 8:27 p.m. 9:23 p.m. 10:26 p.m. 11:33 p.m. 12:32 a.m. 11:52 a.m. 1:19 a.m. 1:43 p.m. 1:57 a.m. 2:49 p.m. 2:22 a.m. 3:43 p.m. 2:51 a.m. 4:35 p.m. 3:10 a.m. 5:26 p.m. 3:04 a.m. 6:17 p.m. 7:09 p.m. 8:01p.m. 8:54 p.m. 9:47 p.m. 10:39 p.m. 11:17p.m. 12:07 a.m. 12:32 p.m. 30 31 9:13 a.m. 11:24 a.m. 9:25 p.m. 11:18 p.m. 9:22 a.m.-------10:29 p.m. 12:00 p.m. 2.0 “ 1.4 “ 3.2 “ 12:40 a.m. 2:01 p.m. 1:09 a.m. 2:54 p.m. June 1 9:37 a.m. 12:03 a.m. 1.1 “ 1:35 a.m. 11:26 p.m. 12:35 p.m. 4.2 “ 3:38 p.m. 2 9:55 a.m. 12:44 a.m. 0.8 “ 1:58 a.m. --------1:10 p.m. 5.1 “ 4:18p.m. 3 12:24 a.m. 1:25 a.m. 0.5 “ 2:20 a.m. 10:18 a.m. 1:43 p.m. 5.6 “ 4:55 p.m. 4 1:33 a.m. 2:00 a.m. 0.1 “ 2:30 a.m. 10:42 a.m. 2:17 p.m. 5.9 “ 5:34 p.m. 5 11:09 a.m.---------------2:52 p.m. 5.9 “ 6:12p.m. 6 11:30 a.m.--------—— 3:28 p.m. 5.7 “ 6:52 p.m. 7 12:10 p.m. 4:07 p.m. 5.4 “ 7:34 p.m. 8 12:46 p.m. 4:53 p.m. 4.9 “ 8:17 p.m. 9 10 1:28 p.m. 5:44 p.m. 4.3 “ 9:03 p.m. 11 2:24 p.m. 6:42 p.m. 3.7 “ 9:49 p.m. 12 3:42 p.m. 7:45 p.m. 3.0 “ 10:36 p.m. 5:30 p.m. 8:51p.m. 2.3 “ 11:20 p.m. 13 8:32 a.m. 10:13 a.m. 1.1 “ — 7:28 p.m. 9:59 p.m. 1.7 “ 12:03 p.m. 14 8:29 a.m. 11:02 a.m. 2.6 “ 12:00 a.m. 9:17 p.m. 11:02 p.m. 1.1 “ 1:42 p.m. 15 8:42 a.m. 11:47 a.m. 4.2 “ 12:34 a.m. 10:52 p.m. 11:57 p.m. 0.6 “ 2:50 p.m. 16 9:04 a.m.-------- 1:00 a.m. --------12:30p.m. 5.7 “ 3:46 p.m. 17 9:34 a.m.------- 12:30 a.m. --------1:11p.m. 6.8 “ 4:38 p.m. 18 10:10 a.m.-------— --------1:54 p.m. 7.4 “ 5:28 p.m. 19 10:49 a.m.---------------2:38 p.m. 7.6 “ 6:18 p.m. 20 11:31 a.m. -------21 -------- 3:23 p.m. 7.2 “ 7:04 p.m. 12:15 p.m. 4:10 p.m. 6.5 “ 7:48 p.m. 22 1:01p.m. 4:59 p.m. 5.6 “ 8:28 p.m. 23 24 1:52 p.m. 5:50 p.m. 4.4 “ 9:04 p.m. 2:53 p.m. 6:41p.m. 3.3 “ 9:37 p.m. 25 4:15 p.m. 7:35 p.m. 2.3 “ 10:05 p.m. 26 8:02 a.m. 8:46 a.m. 0.2 “ 9:30 a.m. 6:07 p.m. 8:33 p.m. 1.3 “ 10:28 p.m. 27 7:57 a.m. 9:47 a.m. 1.2 “ 12:08 p.m. 8:13 p.m. 9:36 p.m. 0.5 “ 10:49 p.m. 28 8:10 a.m. 10:42 a.m. 2.3 “ 1:41 p.m. 10:20 p.m. 29 8:29 a.m. 11:28 a.m. 3.4 “ 2:40 p.m. 30 8:53 a.m.---------------12:09 p.m. 4.3 “ 3:26 p.m. Attention Navigators! By subscribing to the Journal you may assure yourselves of having these tables immediately upon publication every three months. IN RESPONDING TO. ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 35 REAL ESTATE By P. D. CARMAN San Juan Heights Addition under fifty centavos ignored. The figures are as accurate as can be obtained, any discrepancies being due to omission on the records of the amount involved which is rare and usually involving small areas. Occasionally the district totals are slightly affected when one transaction A. G. MOODY TO EUROPE This month follows January in showing the best totals of any Feb ruary since 1920 with the one exception of February, 1923 (1’1,151,309), which only slightly exceeds this month’s total. The monthly figures from 1919 (when this service was started) to 1928 are shown below. It will be noted that even pesos are entered from the records of the Register of Deeds, over fifty centavos being counted as one peso and 1’2,130,915 Pl,138,445 is shown as in two districts. ■Su/.x City of Ma nila Jan. 192S Binondo........... ......... P 32,168 P 57,475 San Nicolas. . . ......... 252,408 64,450 T ondo............... . . . . 352,113 173,450 Sta. Cruz......... ......... 708,187 138,913 Sampaloc......... ......... 118,358 145,011 San Miguel. . . ......... 230,000 1,200 Quiapo.............. ......... 34,560 30,500 Sta. Mesa........ 28,000 Sta. Ana.......... . 18,399 47,616 Pandacan......... ......... 32,083 2,017 Paco.................. ......... 234,154 10,403 Malate. . 32,003 136,286 Ermita. . 86,482 276,624 Intramuros . 26,500 Rizal Avenue Extended Three Miles by Gilmore A. G. Moody, proprietor of the Camera Supply Company and the Moody-Barnes company, well known Escolta merchants, left Manila for Europe Wednesday, March 1, on the ss Bessa. Cabl ing from Singapore, he says: “Leaving for Penang tonight. Feeling fair. Regards to all.” He expects to be away from the islands from eight months to possibly a year, and will visit his sister, who is ill in France. R. C. Staight, who for the past three years has been the manager of the Moody-Barnes company, will continue to have an executive interest in Mr. Moody’s affairs during the latter’s absence from Manila, though he takes over the general agency of the Filipinas Insurance Company’s life-insurance department May 1, succeeding Cecil Bent, who has resigned and is returning to England. Jose de la Fuente, with the Ca mera Supply company for the past 17 years, will be in active management of that company while Mr. Moody is away. Directors of the company are: A. G. Moody, president; Dr. W. Maxwell Thibaut, R. C. Staight, Jose de la Fuente, and Justin Galban. On February 29, Governor Gilmore formal ly opened the three-mile ex tension of Rizal avenue comp leted during his adm inistration to the juncture with the Novaliches road. The avenue traverses an ele vated and well drained border section of Ma nila excellently suited for coun try homes. Be sides, it is an other broad way into Manila from the Manila-north road which relieves the congestion along calle Juan Luna and makes motoring more convenient and pleasant to Baguio, Stotsenburg and all points north. This construction will eventually extend to Polo, shortening and straightening the way into Manila. Make Your Money Work For You The sooner you open your account, the sooner it will begin to work. Our Savings Accounts Department is anxious to assist you. Do not worry about your time. We will give you quick and efficient service. Your time is gold and so is ours. interest annually, added and compounded quarterly Do your Banking by mail Our provincial customers are highly satisfied with our banking process and their deposits are mailed to us regularly. Won’t you be one of them? One Peso will open a Savings Account with us Write us for further particulars regarding Savings Accounts Philippine Trust Company Commercial and Savings Bank “The Good Service Bank” Tel. 2-12-55 Plaza Goiti, Manila P. O. Box 150 FEBRUARY SUGAR REVIEW By George H. Fairchild New York Market: The depression in the American sugar market reported in the previous month continued during the month under review. The American sugar market closed in the previous month with Cubas selling at 2-9/16 cents (4.33 cents 1. t.). Small sales of Cubas were made for prompt shipment at this price on the 6th instant, but, thereafter throughout the first half of the month, prices gradually sagged to 2.36 cents c. and f. (4.13 cents 1. t.). This was apparently due to holders pressing sales and to the fear of the March liquidation, coupled with the low prices for refined on account of the poor demand. It seemed, however, that prices had reached the bottom since a slight improvement in the Amer ican sugar market was reported during the latter half of the month when prices steadily advanced to 2-1/2 cents c. and f. (4.27 cents 1. t.) in the third week, while at the close of the month the market developed strength with fair sales for present shipment effected at 2-5/8 cents c. and f. (4.40 cents 1. t.). Stocks in the U. K., U. S., Cuba and European statistical countries at the end of the month were 4,284,000 metric tons as compared with 4,014,000 metric tons at the same time in 1927 and 4,365,000 metric tons in 1926. In reviewing the world stocks on the first of every month during the last four years, Czarnikow-Rionda Company in their market review for January 20, 1928, made the following statement which explains the influence of the visible and invisible stocks upon the course of sugar prices: the 1926 figures. ill be made by ° conference •f the lie fin fore, risible world in the course of the d faulty deduct: on was greatly to guard against cspcct this year. It should ............................. iminished. Special isumption also advocated in the of the Un ited States. Thereshow a material decrease IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 36 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 Philippine Sales: Sales of Philippine cen trifugals in the Atlantic Coast, afloats, near arrivals, and for future deliveries for the month under review aggregated 75,000 metric tons at prices ranging from 4.14 cents to 4.50 cents landed terms, duty paid. Futures: In sympathy with the course of the spot sugar market, quotations on the New York Exchange fluctuated as follows: March.......................... May.............................. July.............................. September.................. December.................... January....................... IIi<lh Low Latest 2.65 2.36 2.65 2.67 2.45 2.67 2.76 2.54 2.76 2.85 2.63 2.85 2.93 2.73 2.93 2.93 2.75 2.91 Local Market:—The local market for centri fugals during the month was on the whole quiet and uninteresting, apparently influenced by the depression in the American sugar market. Quotations of export houses ranged from 1’9.75 to 1*10.25 per picul. There was fair trading of muscovados in. Manila and Iloilo in February and the Chinese were mostly the buyers. Prices on the basis of No. 1 ranged from 1*6.70 to 1*7.00 per picul. Philippine Crop Prospects:—According to recent reports received from Negros, there were unusual rains during February which, if conti nued, may be detrimental to the growing cane since they hamper cultivation due to the growth of weeds. On the other hand, these rains have been beneficial to the crop being harvested by keeping it from drying up. On Luzon, the light rains that fell during the past two weeks have been beneficial to the cane. A bumper crop in Laguna, Pampanga. Batangas and Cavite is expected this year as a result of the favorable weather during the growing season of the crop that is being harvested. Practically 75 per cent, or approximately 400,000 tons, of the 1927-28 crop has already been harvested. Latest estimate by islands of the 1927-28 centrifugal crop issued by the Philippine Sugar Association is as follows: Islands l’ie«l> M'lrieTons Negros.......................•.......... 6,230,117 394,054 Luzon................................... 2,390,053 151,171 Panay................................... 289,723 18,325 Mindoro ............................. 95,335 6,030 Cebu..................................... 15,810 1,000 Total................................ 9,021,038 570,580 There has been considerable anxiety in local sugar circles over the joint resolution presented in Congress by Representative Timberlake limiting the Philippine sugar importation into the United States free of duty to 500,000 tons. Although it is the consensus of opinion that there is no likelihood that the proposed legisla tion will pass during the present session of Cong ress, the Philippine Sugar Association is taking steps to protect the interests of the Philippine sugar industry. Congressman Timberlake’s statement to the effect that the proposed limi tation would not prejudice the Philippine sugar industry since the Philippine sugar exports last year amounted to only 473,000 tons was replied to by the Association in the local press as being erroneous for, according to the official figures of the Bureau of Customs, the Philippine sugar exports to the United States last year amounted to 508,321 metric tons, segregated as follows: Centrifugals, 506,483 metric tons; Refined, 1,838 metric tons; total 508,321. It has been suggested that we should develop other markets for our sugar, such as China and Japan. In this connection it is interesting to note that on November 11, 1927, Japan bought from Cuba 5000 tons of centrifugal sugar at a price of 2.77 cents f. o. b. Cuba, equivalent to 2.90 cents c. i. f. New York, on which basis the value of the Philippine centrifugals would be 4.66 cents landed in New York. If Japan had bought Philippine centrifugals instead of Cuba 96', the price paid to the Philippine producer would have been 2.77 cents f. o. b. P. I., plus the difference in freight between Cuba-Japan and P. I.-Japan, say, 20 cents, or 2.97 cents. The difference between 4.66 cents and 2.97 cents per lb. is equivalent to approximately 1’4.32 per picul. The foregoing deductions furnish the reason for the Philippine producer's inability to compete with those of Cuba and Java in the Japanese or Chinese sugar market. Exports of Philippine sugar since January 1, 1928, to February 25, 1928, are as follows: Centrifugals. Muscovados. Refined......... China Japan Total — 116,319 3,289 3,289 —791 U.S. U.S. Atlantic Pacific 89,966 26,353 —791 Totals. .. 89,966 27,144 3,289 120,399 Java Market:—The Java market was prac tically quiet with unchanged prices during the first half of the month. It was most active during the latter half of the month with buyers of Superiors at the following quotations: Feb. Mar. Gs. 14-3 4 P7.85 per P.I. picul, f.o.b. June.......... 15-1/4 8.11 per P. I. picul, f.o.b. July........... 15-1 '8 8.05 per P. I. picul, f.o.b. Reports indicate that rains in Java during the latter half of January were below normal. BAGUIO NIGHT TRAINS BI-WEEKLY NIGHT TRAIN SERVICE Commencing March 5, two NIGHT SPECIALS will be run every week until further notice. One night special will leave Manila every Monday night to return from Bauang Sur and Damortis the following Wednesday. Another night special will leave Manila every Friday night to return from Bauang Sur and Damortis the following Sunday at usual scheduled hours. Auto Connection at Damortis with the Benguet Auto Line over the worldfamed Zigzag mountain road. ALL NIGHT TRAINS have standard sleeping cars with buffet service and all conveniences of de Luxe travel. Also carry ordinary first and third class coaches. Both single and round trip tickets to Baguio may be purchased at stations between Manila and San Fabian where the Baguio Night Train is scheduled to stop. All classes of tickets, one way or round trip, including kilometreage, are good on any night train, either to Baguio or to any station shown on the schedule for night train. Baggage, Express Parcels and C.O.D. shipments will be handled to or from Baguio and Stations shown on schedule. Bookings in Manila for sleeper berths at Tutuban Station or at Downtown Office, 519 Dasmarinas, and in Baguio at Benguet Auto Line Office. Manila Baguio, one way 20 days, Manila-Baguio, round trip 90 days, Manila-Baguio, round trip Manila-Damortis, one way 20 days, Manila-Damortis, round trip 90 days, Manila-Damortis, round trip 90 days, Manila-Bauang Sur, round trip Sleeper berth, each way Private passenger cars can be obtained from the Benguet Auto Line at following rates; Between Baguio and Damortis, per trip 5-passenger car - - - P25.00 Between Baguio and Damortis, per trip 7-passengcr car - - - P37.50 For further particulars inquire from the office of the Traffic Manager, or call .up INFORMATION, Telephone No. 4-98-61, or Downtown Office, Telephone No. 2-31-83. MANILA RAILROAD COMPANY 943 AZCARRAGA MANILA, P. I. The Java sugar exports for January, 1928, amounted to 155,597 metric tons as against 81,798 for the same period last year. The statistical position in Java as at February 1, 1928, from reliable sources, is as follows: Metric Tons Carry-over at 1st May, 1927.......................... 23,810 Production 1927 Crop....................................... 2,359,708 Total available supply............................... 2,383,518 Shipments, May 1927 to January 1928................................................ 1,799,646 Home consumption 9 months. . . 157.500 1,957,146 Balance supply as at 1st February. 1928................................................ 426,372 European Prospects:—The statistician, Mr. Licht, has reduced the European beet crop esti mates by 60,000 tons, making the new total of estimated production 8,071,000 tons. It is reported that the German Export Cartel, which was to expire this year, has been prolonged to September 1930. RATES 1st d»> 3rd class P 8.55 11.84 12.94 5.55 8.88 9.13 10.37 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 37 REVIEW OF THE HEMP MARKET By T. H. Smith Vice-President and General Manager, Macleod &• Company ^>\CK£7y. ^ABACA^ ARK fl W P This report covers the market for Manila hemp for the month of Feb ruary, 1928, with sta tistics up to and in cluding February 27th, 1928. U. S. Grades: The market in New York opened dull with a downward tendency, prices being difficult to quote, there being a complete absence of in terest by buyers at any where near the closing prices for the previous month. In the first week of February sellers appeared on the basis of F, 13-1 4 cents; I, 11-5 8 cents; JI, 10-3 8 cents. Buyers showed but little interest, the small business transacted being 1 8 cent to 1, 2 cent under nominal prices quoted by sellers. Market ruling weak, pub lished quotations soon declined to E, 14-1 2 cents; F, 12-7 8 cents; I, 11-1 2 cents; JI, 10-1,4 cents; S2, 11-1 8 cents; sellers with buyers still holding off for lower prices. The market continued dull throughout the first three weeks of the month declining to D, 15-1 8 cents; E, 14-1 4 cents; F, 12-3 8 cents; I, 10-7 8 cents; JI, 9-7 8 cents; SI, 12-1 4 cents; S2, 10-3, 4 cents. Buyers remained apathetic even at these prices. Toward the close of the month a further decline was finally checked by buyers showing some interest basis D 15-1 2 cents; E, 13-5 8 cents; F, 12 cents; I, 10-3 4 cents; JI, 9-3 4 cents; SI, 11-7 8 cents; S2, 10-5, 8 cents. Improvement, however, was only temporary with sellers soon appearing willing to shade these last quotations. A moderate business resulted in popular grades and the market finally closed with export houses offering sparingly basis F, 11-3 4 cents; I, 10-1 2 cents; JI, 9-7 8 cents. High-grade hemp of reputable quality while nominally showing a decline in price in sympathy with other grades, is still scarce. The Manila market for U. S. grades was idle at the beginning of the month with a weakish undertone. Business was transacted at some what irregular prices: D, 1’36; E, 1’34 to 1’33; F, 1’31 to 1’30; G, 1’19.4 to 1’18.6; H, 1’18.4 to 1’17.6; I, 1’27 to 1’26; JI, 1’23.4 to 1’23; SI, 1’30 to 1’29.4; S2, 1’26.6 to 1’25; S3, 1’24 to 1’23. A moderate business was transacted at slightly easier prices until by mid February prompt hemp was selling at F, 1’29.4; G, 1’19.4; H, 1’18.4; I, 1’25.4; JI, 1’22.4; SI, 1’28.4; S2, 1’25; S3, 1’23 to perhaps 4 reales less on some grades. The market continued to decline though not rapidly enough to keep in line with the decline in the U. S. and after a fair business being done at gradually declining prices, market touched the basis of F, 1’28; G, 1’18.6; H, 1’17.6; I, 1’24; JI, 1’22.4; SI, 1’27; S2, 1’23.2; S3. 1’22.4. By the end of the third week prices slumped to F, 1’27; G, 1’18.6; H, 1’17.4; I, 1’23.4; JI, 1’21.6; SI,. 1’26; S2, 1’22.6; S3, 1’21.6. The market was naturally quickly sympathetic to the slight signs of steadiness in the U. S. and export houses refused to encourage dealers in their firmer attitude, market closing on nominal basis: D, 1’34; E, 1’32.4; F, 1’27.2; G, 1’18.4; H, 1’17.2; I, 1’23.4; JI, 1’21.4; SI, 1’26; S2, 1’22.4 to 1’23; S3, 1’22 to 1’22.4. U. K. Grades: The London market ruled steady in the early days of the month basis J2, £40; K, £36.10; LI, £35; L2, I’£33.15: Ml, L33.15; M2, £31.15; DL, £30.10. The market continued quiet with buyers being in evidence J2, £39.15; K, £36.5; LI, £34.10; L2, L’33; Ml, 1'33; M2, £31.5, but shipping houses were reluctant to sell at these prices and the tone turned firmer with quite a fair business passing at J2, £40.10; K, £37.10 to £37; LI, £34.15; L2, £33.15; Ml, £33.15; M2, £31.10. At these prices sellers showed more desire to get on with Transmission Rope Lath Yarn Bale Rope Hide Rope Hay Rope Johnson Pickett Rope Co. 106 Calle Lara Manila, Philippines Q TRADE Rope and Cordage Twines and Yarns business; buyers retired and a dull tone set in with a downward tendency, there being free sellers at J2, £41; K, £36.15 to £36.5; LI, £34.15 to £34.5; L2, £33.5 to £33; Ml, £33.5 to £33; M2, £31.5; DL, £30.10; DM, £29 with buyers taking no interest in these quotations. The third week of the month the market still reflected a dull tone with J2 at £39.15; K, £35.5 to £35; LI, £33; L2, £32; Ml, £32; M2, £30 to perhaps 5/- per ton less all around. A slightly better tone set in the last week of the month, market closing with buyers at last prices quoted. Quota tions given are for shipments in various positions up to June. The Manila market for U. K. grades opened nominally basis J2, 1*19.2; K, 1*17.2; LI, 1’16.4; L2, 1’15.6; Ml, 1’15.4; M2, 1’15, but business was soon transacted in Manila at J2, 1’19.2;K, 1’17.2; LI, 1’16.2; L2, 1’15.4; Ml, 1’15.4; M2, 1’14.2 to 4 reales lower on some grades. By mid February business was done at slightly higher prices with however regular export houses quoting J2, 1’19; K, 1’17; LI, 1’16; L2, 1’15; Ml, 1’15; M2, 1’14.2; DL, 1’14; DM, 1’13. Here and there parcels changed hands at slightly higher prices. On the 22nd prices paid were basis J2, !’19;K, 1’16.6;L1, I’15.6;L2, 1’14.4;M1, 1’14.4; M2, 1’13.4; DL, 1’13.2; DM, 1’13. At the close there were buyers in Manila at J2, 1’18.4; K, 1’16.2; LI, 1’15.2; L2, 1’14.2; Ml, 1’14.2; M2, 1’13.4; DL, 1’13.2; DM, 1’13 with a possibility of slightly higher prices on prompt parcels. Japanese enquiry has been at low prices and can scarcely be considered competitive with prices ruling in London, taking the latter market on the average selling prices of the month. Freight rates remain unchanged. Statistics: We give below figures for the period extending from January 31st to February 27th, 1928. 1928 1927 Stocks on January 1st . . . . 139,632 Receipts to Feb. 27th........ 203,080 Stocks on Feb. 27th........... 145,369 112,382 195,771 110,110 Shipments Bolt and Yacht Rope To Pel,. To Feb. To the— United Kingdom............. 61,921 Continent of Europe . . 26,289 Atlantic U. S................... 36,228 U. S. via Pacific............. 9,760 Japan.................................. 44,067 Elsewhere and Local. . . . 19,078 Drilling Cables 62,142 20,987 53,813 11,806 33,380 15,915 197,345 198,043 NEW ACCOMMODATIONS Bull Rope Whale Lines Travelers will no doubt be glad to learn that the building housing the Davao club has been completely remodeled and rebuilt and now ranks favorably with any provincial club building. The alterations include a new family room, one new single room and the moving of the famous bar and billiard room to new quarters down stairs. The work has been done under the able direction of Mr. D. M. Burchfield. Owners of the Mt. Apo Plantation, located at Lawa, Davao Gulf, have closed a contract •with Capt. Thomas J. Keeney, president of*the Pacific Dehydrating Company, for the installa tion of a two-ton capacity copra drier at their plantation. The new plant is expected to produce a much higher grade of copra than any of the driers heretofore and is attracting con siderable attention inasmuch as it is possible to pare the nuts before drying and make it into a first class food product for human consumption. O. J. Gobel is now in charge of the Davao branch of the Pacific Commercial Company, relieving F. W. Scheben who has been transferred to Zamboanga. R. F. Garriz, well known advertising man of Manila, has organized and established The Ad vertising Bureau, Inc., with offices in the Arias Building. He is president and manager of the company, and O.- F. Wang, also well known in the advertising field here, is associated with him. The Journal wishes the company success. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 38 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 Commercial Printing is a silent but Powerful Messenger Your letter heads, bill heads, cards, envelopes, etc., when well printed, all help to build up that “feeling of confidence’’. Our reputation for producing GOOD PRINTING has been earned and merits your patronage. McCullough Printing Company 424 Rizal Ave. Phone 800 YOUR LOGGING PROBLEM can be solved readily by some type of WASHINGTON LOGGING ENGINE The Washington Simplex Yarder above leads all Yarders in ease of operation and low cost of upkeep. Washington Iron Works, Seattle, U. S. A. Agents for the Philippine Islands The Edward J. Nell Co., Ltd.,—Manila. WASHINGTON ENGINES March, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 39 Coconut Oil. Commodities Cigars (Number)................................. Embroidery........................................... Maguey.................................................. Leaf Tobacco....................................... Desiccated and Shredded Coconut. Hats (Number)................................... Lumber (Cubic Meter) ................... Copra Meal.......................................... Knotted Hemp.................................... Pearl Buttons (Gross)....................... Canton (low grade cordage fiber).. All Other Products............................. Total Domestic Products. . . United States Products........ Foreign Countries Products. Grand Total............ Cotton Cloths................... Other Cotton Goods.... Iron and Steel, Except Machinery..................... PRINCIPAL EXPORTS January, 1928 January, 1927 Quantity Value%Quantity Value 86,170,553 10,959,371 12,425,693 8,020,548 14,082,473 1,373,921 284,544 536,639 62,369 15,710 P14,475,087 3,743,920 4,205,018 1,585,584 623,151 397,724 307,518 105,420 198,615 288,191 63,998,220 11,508,762 13,193,756 20,130,665 13,467,080 1,971,257 2,103,848 5,558,326 445,107 23,436 65,198 559,781 508,408 340,839 249,220 70,966 57,750 137,196 489,975 P27,784,582 100.0 Monthly average for 12 months previous to January, 1928 45,4/0 10,860 6,342,711 359,640 45,383 53,923 300,449 P12,587,401 4,909,993 4,552,618 3,730,815 591,085 577,854 535,977 806,754 169,328 156,214 407,226 285,209 220,638 168,148 49,932 65,144 367,181 %Quantity Value % P47.629.495 12,371,156 12,472,130 17,086,565 16,723,236 1,515,506 2,062,878 1,270,739 58,938 12,241 P30,181,517 100.0 NOTE:—All quantities are in kilos except where otherwise indicated. PRINCIPAL IMPORTS______________ _______ Monthly average for January, 1928 January, 1927 12 months ending January, 1928 Value % Value % ■ Value % P 5,143,144 1,328,984 12.4 P 7,723,138 467,048 36,708 66,522 663,500 CARRYING TRADE 8,543,824 4,866,628 4,280,125 3,121,654 746,038 604,939 337,043 679,320 474,700 273,690 430,873 436,615 277,621 136.973 60,929 161,780 630,888 P25.912.052 99.4 104,226 0.4 49,263 0.2 P26.063.040 100 0 Wheat Flour..................... Machinery and Parts of.. Dairy Products................. Gasoline.............................. Silk Goods......................... Automobiles....................... Vegetable Fiber Goods.. Meat Products................. Illuminating Oil............... Fish and Fish Products.. Crude Oil........................... Coal..................................... Chemicals, Dyes, Drugs, Etc................................... Fertilizers........................... Vegetables.......................... Paper Goods, Except 1,980,924 7.5 106,340 0.8 836,418 3.2 1,495,248 5.7 588,288 2.3 830,412 3.2 989,362 3.8 829,013 3.2 396,859 1 6 593,973 2.3 718,977 2.8 386,938 1 6 358.632 1.5 676,629 2.6 51A765 2.0 395,583 1.6 Tobacco ^and ManufacElectrical Machinery.. .. Books and Other Printed Matters........................... Cars and Carriages, Ex cept Autos..................... Automobile Tires.............. Fruits and Nuts.............. Woolen Goods................... Leather Goods.................. Shoes and Other Foot434,311 1.7 1,326,001 7.0 316,704 1.7 915,209 4.9 731,386 3.9 349,101 1.9 990,640 5.3 406.351 2.2 674,246 3.6 537,207 2.9 561,040 3.0 850,443 4.5 467,508 2.5 277,331 1.5 388.845 2.1 535,224 2.9 303,176 1.6 426.846 2.3 1,598,582 8 1 144,071 0.9 806,099 4.1 964,009 4.9 552,856 2.8 556,050 2.8 705,893 3.6 558,049 2.0 398,581 2.4 476,726 2.9 562.572 1 8 358.794 0.9 173,560 1.8 353.542 1.8 356,055 1.7 341,712 1 5 286,495 1 1 407,938 2.4 IMPORTS Nationality of January, 1928 1 January, 1927 Monthly average for 12 months ending January, 1928 Value % Value % Value % American .. Pll.872,162 45.5 P 9,564,119 50.8 P 9,869,956 49.8 British............................. 9,671,668 37.0 5,803,850 31.0 4,929,065 25.1 Japanese......................... 1,099,940 663,632 3.9 1,128,904 6.1 Dutch............................. 879,711 3'2 591,205 3.4 751,734 4.2 German........................... 1,493,051 5.7 750,712 4.3 1,044,047 5.7 Norwegian..................... 0.6 41,961 0.7 Philippine....................... 268,637 0.9 170,993 1.2 132,643 1.2 Spanish........................... 409,588 1.5 127,678 1.0 132,575 449 43,074 0. 1 10,279 15,118 0.7 Swedish........................... 691 13,869 0.7 Danish............................ 3,923 0.4 Belgian........................... 6,047 0.5 By Freight..................... . . P25.738.522 98.0 P17.735.259 96 3 P18.911.959 94.4 By Mail......................... 539,014 2 0 847,249 3.7 617,408 3.6 Total............... . . P26,277,536 100.0 P18.582.508 100.0 P19.529.367 100.0 433,514 245,882 3 3 EXPORTS B read s tuff s, Except Wheat Flour................. Eggs..................................... Perfumery and Other Toilet Goods................. Lubricating Oil................. Cacao Manufactures, Ex cept Candy................... Glass and Glassware.... Paints, Pigments, Var nish, Etc........................ Oils not separately listed. Earthen Stones & ChinaAutomobile Accessories.. Diamond and Other Pre cious Stones Unset.. .. Wood, Bamboo, Reed, 269,334 1.1 339,217 1.4 421,384 1.7 177,378 0.8 391,530 1.6 272,395 1.1 139,116 0.6 158,538 0.7 135,935 0.6 183,632 0.8 147,902 0.7 214,229 0.9 178,701 0.8 142.169 0.7 112,274 0.5 130.169 0.6 169,922 0.8 49,819 0.3 60,995 0 253.743 1 186,007 1 87,040 0 154,131 0 179,979 1 94,261 0 91,346 0 150,048 0 India Rubber Goods.__ Matches.............................. Cattle................................. Explosives........ *................ Cement............................... Sugar and Molasses........ Motion Picture Films. .. All Other Imports........... Total................... 73,067 129,065 182,376 48,282 66,211 55,102 29,928 71,805 50,184 1.682,094 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 4 6 7 3 2 3 3 99,451 0 114,356 0 87,484 0 133,287 0 117,039 0 106,544 0 74,507 0 168,551 0 406,426 2 50.690 0 101,776 0 235,165 1 103,128 0 90,313 0 39.691 0 65,080 0 59,229 0 19,434 0 1,429,714 7 4 169,232 1 4 353,706 1 0 210,270 0 5 138,782 0 9 213,948 0 0 150.289 0 5 157,355 0 5 146,588 0 8 162,823 0 6 127,021 0 7 94,747 0 5 98,921 0 7 134,537 0 7 125,984 0 6 125,066 0 4 112,748 0 9 145,244 0 2 134,441 0 3 80,0/5 U 6 118,042 0 3 169,097 0 6 79,742 0 5 77,443 0 3 41,096 0 4 63,466 0 4 53,356 0 1 31,934 0 6 1,461,126 7 P26,277,526 100.0 P18,582,508 100 0 P19,529,367 100 PORT STATISTICS TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES Monthly average for January, 1928 January, 1927 12 months previous Ports _____________________________________ to December, 1927 Value % Value % Value % Manila................................. P3 7,693,000 69 Iloilo................................... 10,765,875 19 Cebu.................................... 4,294,209 7 Zamboanga......................... 364,874 0 Jolo..................................... 56,513 0 Davao................................. 666,939 1 9 P30.123.743 61 9 9,455,148 19 9 7,210,615 15 7 490,793 1 1 129,466 0 2 688,849 1 2 665,231 0 7 P29.715.776 65 5 7,598,522 16 3 5,931,157 12 2 438,619 0 4 80,517 0 5 931,332 1 4 896,484 1 8 6 9 8 1 9 Total................... P54.062.118 100 0 P48.764.025 100 0 P45.592.407 100 0 Nationality of Vessels American............................ Japanese............................. German............................... Norwegian......................... Philippine........................... Chinese............................... Argentine........................... Belgian............................... Panaman........................... Swedish............................. By Freight......................... By Mail............................. Total................... Monthly average for January, 1928 January, 1927 12 months ending January, 1928 Value % Value % Value % PIS,984,895 7,078,955 1,752,693 753,257 57.2 P16.005.385 25.4 8,847,227 6.4 2,314,558 2.9 938,420 297,115 1.2 82,570 0.2 2,799 1,388,800 5.0 1,588,128 5 P27.341.084 98.5 P29.724.150 98 6 P25,541,841 443,498 1.5 457,367 1.4 521,199 98.0 2.0 P27,784,582 100.0 P30.181.517 100.0 P26.063.040 100 0 TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES Countries United States........... United Kingdom.... Japan.......................... China.......................... French East Indies. Germany.................... Australia.................... British East Indies. Dutch East Indies.. Netherlands.............. Italy.......................... Hongkong.................. Belgium.................... . Switzerland............... Japanese-China..... Norway...................... Denmark.................... Other Countries.. .. Total.......................... Monthly average for January, 1928 January, 1927 12 months previous •to January, 1928 Value Value Value 75 3 5 2 0 9 0 3 0 9 5 5 0 0 0 P54.061.118 100 74 2 0 2 2 2 5 5 3 8 0 0 5 5 5 3 0 0 0 8 1 0 0.2 70 5 7 0 2 2 3 5 0 3 0 8 7 5 7 0 0 0 P48,764,025 100.0 P45.592.407 100 7 40 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1928 BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL DIRECTORY B. A. GREEN REAL ESTATE Improved and Unimproved City, Suburban and Provincial Properties Expert valuation, appraisement and reports on real estate Telephone 507 34 Escolta Cable Address: “BAG” Manila Manila, P. I. Philippine Islands Myers Buck Co., Inc. Surveying and Mapping PRIVATE MINERAL AND PUBLIC LAND 230 Kneedler Bldg. Tel. 1610 PHILIPPINES COLD STORES Wholesale and Retail Dealers in American and Australian Refrigerated Produce STORES AND OFFICES Calle Echague Manila, P. I. MACLEOD & COMPANY Manila Cebu Vigan Davao Iloilo Exporters of Hemp and Maguey Agents for INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER CO. Agricultural Machinery Rosenberg’s Garage TELEPHONE 5-69-55 « ffi » 41 CHINA BANKING CORPORATION MANILA, P. I. Domestic and Foreign Banking of Every Description “LA URBANA’’ (Sociedad Mutua de Construcci6n y Pristamos) Prestamos Hipotecarios Inversiones de Capital 111 Plaza Sta. Cruz Manila, P. I. P. O. Box 1394 Telephone 22070 J. A. STIVER Attorney-At-Law Notary Public Certified Public Accountant Investments Collections Income Tax 121 Real, Intramuros Manila, P. I. HANSON & ORTH, Inc. Manila, P. I. Buyers and Exporters or Hemp and Other Fibers 612-613 Pacific Bldg. Tel. 2-24-18 BRANCHES: New York—London—Merida—Davao SALEEBY FIBER CO., INC. Fiber Merchants P. O. Box 1423 Manila, P. I. Room 318, Pacific Building Cable Address: “SALEFIBER” SANITARY - CONVENIENT - SATISFACTORY! Five European Barbers Special attention given the ladies Shampoos, facial massage and hair cuts under skilled management LA MARINA BARBER SHOP 117 Plaza Goiti Jost Cortina. Prop. 1 MADRIGAL & CO. | 8 Muelle del Banco Nacional Manila, P. I. Coal Contractors and Coconut Oil Manufacturers MILL LOCATED AT CEBU Derhatn Building Phone 22516 Manila P. O. Box 2103 MORTON & ERICKSEN, INC. Surveyors AMERICAN BUREAU OF SHIPPING Marine and Cargo Surveyors Sworn Measurers Mr. MANUEL VALENTIN TAILOR Formerly Chief Cutter for P. B. Florence & Co. 244 Plaza Sta. Cruz Manila, P. I. Phone 2-61-30 >7 TAILORING CO., Inc. 73 Escolta 73 Quality Shirts l TOYO StIIRT FACTORY 1044 AICAnfiAGA. MANILA. J IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL EL ORIENTE CORONAS ORIENTE FABRICA DE TABACOS, INC. 72 Calle Evangelista MANILA MANUFACTURERS OF Coronas Oriente Jean Valjean Fighting Bob HIGH GRADE CIGARS Men’s. Women’s and Children’s Outfittings FRANK G. IIAIGHWOUT Biological Laboratory 915 M. H. del Pilar Manila, P. I. Stool, Blood and Urine Examinations Special Sunday and Holiday Hours for Business Men: 8 to 9 a m.; 3 to 5 p.m. Week-days: 7:30 a.m. to 12 m.; 1:30 to 5 p.m. Largest Assortment BECK’S 89 Escolta 91 Manila Wine Merchants, Ltd. 174 Juan Luna Manila, P. I. P. O. Box 403 Phones: 2-25-67 and 2-25-68 WEANDSCO Western Equipment and Supply Co. Exeluaive distributers in the Philippines for Western Electric Co. Graybar Electric Co. 119 Calle T. Pinpin P. O. Box 2277 Manila, P. I. \ Recommended By Leading Doctors THE AMERICAN EXPRESS CO.. INC. Railway and Steamship Tickets at tariff rates ! Express and Freight | Forwarding | American Express Travelers Cheques IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL Reliable This new Four is of true Dodge fibre in the high quality of its vital parts. All forgings, gears, axle shafts and springs are of chrome vanadium or other costly alloy steel, giving great strength and long wear, with low maintenance expense. Steering ‘is amazingly easy because of the great leverage exerted by the steering gear, and the reduced friction resulting from ball-bearing steering spindles. The famous Dodge Brothers ’T24” motor insures quiet, reliable engine performance with exceptional speed, surplus power and quick acceleration more than adequate for every need. Sole Distributors: ESTRELLA AUTO PALACE LEVY HERMANOS, Inc. 536 - 568 Gandara Iloilo MANILA Cebu □□D6& Brothers MOTOR CARS IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL