The American Chamber of Commerce Journal Vol. 8, No.7 (July 1928)

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Part of The American Chamber of Commerce Journal

Title: The American Chamber of Commerce Journal Vol. 8, No.7 (July 1928)
Issue Date: Vol. 8, No.7 (July 1928)
Language: English
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extracted text: £SSi4Y CONTEST ANNOUNCED IN HOUSEHOLD ARTS DEP ARTMENT BAMBOO IRRIGATION PLANT ON PI III.I PPI NF, RIVER Leading Articles ■ 'resident Robert E. Murphy: A Tribute Ki: i let: When Mount Mayon Belched Forth Death By Percy A. Hill .vhnmt Mugao: Philippine “Great Flood” Story f- ?ace in Cotabato* Rakma’s Beauty Brought It China United: N’est-ce-pas? An Impression of the Occupation of Peking Editorials Waiting What the Crystal Shows Who Giveth This Woman to Be Married? For Crying Out Loud Time’s Thumbs Down The Goosestep Trade Reviews by Leading Experts ■■ his Issue Contains a Physician’s Survey of the Health of Eleven Groups of Manila Workmen; in All, 1776 Men. The Figures Are Surprising Our circulation is grjwing; reading this number will explain why. The JOURNAL is edited and printed with the same care that leading American periodicals receive : C. r.tavos a Copy P. O. BOX 1638, MANILA, P. I. P4.00 Per Annum WANTED! s That every member of this Chamber i| ii learn for himself how good a cigar !| can be without being expensive || J ■I The proof is in our I TABACALERA CORONAS WHEN TRAVELING ■ CARRY i NATIONAL CITY BANK OF NEW YORK I LETTERS of CREDIT j -tin | TRAVELERS CHECKS SAFE - - CONVENIENT - - SELF-IDENTIFYING i INTERNATIONAL BANKING CORPORATION i PACIFIC BUILDING MANILA, P. I. i IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 1 PRESTIGE • ■ A Precious Reward The prestige of 28 years cannot be bought overnight. It must be earned by performance. Prestige is priceless. It is not to be gauged in mere fringes of circulation. It is reflected in what men know as success. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 2 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 TAR The most economical and efficient preserver of Wooden Bridges, Culverts, Ties, Build ings, Fences, Etc., against Dry Rot, Anay (white ants), and the effects of extreme dampness. GAS COKE For smelting, forging and in all machine shop work where extreme and steady heat is essential Manila Gas Corporation Calle Otis, Paco P. O. Box 1206 MANILA Tel. 5-69-34 i = For Rates and Particulars—Call Up Tel. 2-19-11 I MANILA ELECTRIC COMPANY | A. B. TIGH 1 Advertising Manager 134 San Marcelino Manila, P. I. CORONAS DE LA ALHAMBRA HALF-A-CORONA EXCELENTES ESPECIALES BELLEZAS PRESIDENTES Etc., Etc. Watch For The Name ALHAMBRA On Rings and Labels— It’s Your Protection Alhambra Cigar and Gigarette Mfg. Go. 31 Tayuman Manila, P. I. I MIT A TED BUT NEVER EQUALLED! IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL DIRECTORS PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY The American Chamber of Commerce OF THE Philippine Islands (Member Chamber of Commerce of the United States) ENTERED AS SECOND CLASS MATTER May 25, 1921, at the POST OFFICE AT MANILA, P. I. Local Subscription: P4.00 per year Foreign Subscription: $3.00 U. S. Currency, per year Single Copies: 35 Centavos WALTER ROBB, Editor and Manager Robert E. Murphy, President P. A. Meyer, Vice-President — H. L. Heath, Vice-Present - B. A. Green, Treasurer (t C. M. Cotterman, Vice-President J. W. Haussermann, Vice-President E. E. Selph, General Counsel Fred A. Leas H. M. Cavender * W. L. Applegate EXECUTIVE: R. E. Murphy, Chairman P. A. Meyer R. S. Rogers RELIEF: W. J. Odom, Chairman Carl Hess John Gordon COMMITTEES FINANCE AND AUDIT: John Headington, Chair A. B. Cresap J. R. Wilson RECEPTION AND ENTERTAINMENT: H. H. Harrison, Chairman J. R. Wilson ALTERNATE DIRECTORS Walter Z. Smith A. B. Cresap S. Rogers L. Headington John R. Wilson, Secretary MANUFACTURING: John Pickett, Chairman W. J. Shaw LEGISLATIVE: W. Z. Smith, Chairman Wm. J. Rohde Horace B. Pond FOREIGN TRADE: M. M. Saleeby, Chairman W. C. Brune Julius Reese PUBLICATIONS: R. E. Murphy, Chairman Roy Bennett BANKING AND CURRENCY: (Vacant) HOUSE: B. A. Green, Chairman J. R. Wilson LIBRARY: |ohn Gordon, Chairman J. R. Wilson SHIPPING: J. E. Gardner, Jr., Chairman G. P. Bradford J. R. Lloyd INVESTMENTS: R. J. Harrison, Chairman R. E. Murphy B. A. Green CHINA UNITED, N’EST-CE-PAS? Peking has fallen to the Nationalists. Peace seems to prevail, with security to foreigners. Though the imperial city has been looted (the Nationalists aver by the retreating Northern ers), it is now under police control which appar ently guarantees order and the Nationalists are preparing to remove the national capital to Nanking. Here the traditions are truly Chinese, memorials of the Manchus are absent. Here, too, burst forth the Taiping rebellion of which the present Nationalist drive is a continuation, if not the termination. Can it be that China is at last united, prepared to accept the standards of international intercourse of other nations and deal with them on equal terms? This speculation is the most arresting thought of our age. If China’s reply is affirmative and her acts corroborative, it dates the age as one of the greatest in the history of the race. It is stupendous news, overwhelming the imagination. Under the emperors, China was not a nation. Will she now be one, forthright and forwardlooking? No other nation of 400 million people ever has existed, and China has territory enough for all. Russia is still an experiment, many of her people paying only lip service to an effective cabal—effective possibly only temporarily; and the United States herself musters little more than 100 million. Here are 400 million! They are known to be fertile in inventive genius, physically, mentally and culturally resourceful. Besides, behold China’s dispersed millions, the fan of her empire waving over all the South Seas, waving over these very islands. But the handle of that imperial fan is held in Asia Minor: the British indeed maintain government in the Straits Settlements, and they fortify Singapore and garrison Penang, but the endless stream of Chinese pours into the country and flows over its valleys and into all its industries, soon dominating the one and the other; and it flows without let or hindrance, the free port of Singapore requiring nothing of its immigrants, not even passports. There wealth is made, there manhood among men achieved, and thence has been sent into Mother China (or perhaps the Chinese would say Father China) much of the wealth and in tellect to carry the Nationalist flag into Peking. There Dr. Lim Boon Keng of the Chinese Nation alist University was born and educated, going to England to complete his studies, and thence his university has been financed; and from rubber, for the Chinese have a Croesus of the rubber industry down there, who went there as a pinga coolie! The drive to Peking was effected without foreign loans; and China is rebuilding behind the lines rapidly, and boasting she will be able to take up the loans she has outstanding. If she is in fact united, she will, and it will be a puny achievement compared with what will follow. Europe is studying China carefully. Someone told ,Dr. Lim Boon Keng that China might compel Europe to unite. He laughed. “When China unites, Europe will have to or perish," he said. This philosopher, who has taken his place beside Dr. Sun Yat Sen in the heart of the Nationalists, is remorseless; he bares the sword with equanimity, alacrity; and he is the inspiration of young China. Oh, he does not deal only with the sword; the thing is, he does not deal without it. Here are sober facts for consideration by the nations. The Nationalists are in Peking. Where next? What next? Two moves were made immediately. An economic and financial conference was held at Shanghai, with foreigners participating, and in Peking overtures were made for the revision of the "unequal” treaties. Apparently the powers spar for time about the treaties, very justly—if the Nationalists will but realize the fact!—they wish prior assurance of stability. But if China is united and the Nationalists are now able to proffer a government of real responsibility for membership in the sisterhood of nations, the objective of American states manship dating from the very founding of the United States has been achieved. To her, as to the nations, notably England and Japan, whose policies have been more direct and compelling, China owes her resurrection from the past. Such are the forces that have lifted her up, in the gravcciothes of moribund conservatism, and the same forces hold out to her the glitter ing apparel of this modern age. “Don it,” they say, “be one of us, and let there be no East nor West, but only a bond of nations round the world.” So says the League of Nations, and so the Court of International Justice. They do not speak for America, but the burden of her words is the same. At this moment, the world may thank its taxpayers for navies: chancelleries, including China’s, have delicate decisions to make, and chancelleries do not always succeed in being wise. If, however, the past is gone for good and all in China, what a world awakening is presaged! For China, once she is adequate governmentally, is adequate physically for all her millions. There will be a tremendous inpouring of skill and science from the West. For her waterways, new railways, the opening of mines, the making of resources available for factories, and of factory products marketable and accessible, China will need thousands upon thousands of university men—engineers, mining experts, architects, builders of industry of every technical branch. She will require machinery by the shipload, and of a hundred varieties. Her products will increase, burdening great merchant fleets to carry them; and with all she sells she will buy. In universities, of her own, under her own man agement, she will require additional talent from the West, as for her military. The possible transformation is beyond concep tion, even to hint of it seems extravagant; and yet, if peace has come to China and nationhood is enthroned there, all here suggested is not only possible, but probable, and men in middle life may live to see Captain Dollar’s prophecy ful filled and the balance of world interest and com merce shifted from the Atlantic to the Pacific, just as the discovery of America and the voyages of Vasco de Gama and Magellan and El Cano shifted them from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic. For China is a fact: her territory is a fact, her man power and brain power and re sources are facts. The one hypothetical factor, the only one, is her political capacity. This is set down in that glorious month in which four men, two Britishers and two Ameri cans, got into a triple-engine airplane in San Francisco and flew through sturm und drang 7,778 miles to Brisbane, Australia, across the Pacific in three hops. The radio and the cable span the Pacific. Soon the voice of man will carry across it too, and the steamer voyage will be cut in half and cabins will be provided for teachers and students and the hosts of America who save up for years to emerge from their land-bound towns and villages to make just one trip abroad. They will be coming out to the East, instead of going to Europe, to learn what the new awakening means. China is united. N'est-ce-pas? INFORMATION FOR INVESTORS Expert, confidential reports made on Philippine projects ENGINEERING, MINING, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, LUMBER, ETC. Hydroelectric projects OTHER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES BRYAN, LANDON CO. Cebu, P. I. Cable address: "YPIL,” Cebu. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 4 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 Pon Tao Kong: The Supernatural One Jefferson D. Starbottle In Jolo there are many stories of the bene ficence of Pon Tao Kong, who was surnamed Pei, and is referred to by local Chinese as the supernatural one. Interesting as are these oft told tales, I will, in order to avoid inaccuracies insofar as is possible, mention only the salient facts concerning the career of this remarkable Chinese adventurer. Pon Tao Kong was born in Honan province, a little over 508 years before the birth of the Chinese Republic, or about 1403 A.D. He was very highly educated, but the life of a student was not to his liking, for he was brave, chivalrous and active. Throwing aside the musty tomes with which he had spent his youth, he fared forth seeking high adventure and first-hand knowledge of life. It is said that the great Pei “visited many high mountains and sailed many rivers” in his search for knowledge. Wherever he went, he was the champion of the deserving poor, giving liberally from his purse, and even braving the wrath of his peers to better their condition, were they Chinese or foreign. During the reign of the third Ming emperor, one Tay San Po, a famous eunuch and admiral of his day, was ordered to the South Seas to secure the allegiance of the natives if possible, to collect tribute, and to “bring precious things for the royal family.” Learning of the proposed expedition, the adventurous Pon Tao Kong eagerly volunteered his services in the Amoy navy. He showed such proficiency as a navi gator that he won high praise from the ambassador and the admiral and was chosen as steersman of the fleet. At every port Pon Tao Kong drew maps of harbors and coasts, and secured much valuable data concerning the customs and commercial products of the peqples visited, for Chinese mer chants and his government. The expedition is said to have visited over thirty islands. When the fleet reached Jolo, it was decided to remain for some time on account of the beauty and wealth of the island, and the evidences of advanced civilization. Jolo was then in the heyday of her power. Pon Tao Kong secured some guides and traversed the wooded hills and valleys, collecting data and making friends among the natives and Arabs. During his visit he is said to have won the undying friendship of an Arab missionary referred to as Samalul Hasim, and to have taught the philosophy of Con Fu T’se among the Chinese and friendly natives. Finally he fell a victim to malarial fever, and was buried on the sunny top of the first foothill of Bud Dajo, just outside the town of Jolo, amidst the mourning and lamentations of his commander, his comrades, and his new-found 777E We/v An Entirely New Car See the New Ford to-day and examine it part by part. You will find that it is not a mere refined or perfected model, but an Entirely New Car from Radiator to Rear Axle! Ask for a demonstration “After We Sell We Serve’’ MANILA TRADING & SUPPLY CO. MANILA — ILOILO — CEBU — BACOLOD Due to his untimely death, much of the data gathered by this intrepid student-advefcturei was never published, since much of it was/as yet in the form of scarcely intelligible notes; but his influence still lives, and has done much to fcemeq/ PON TAO KONG’S IMAGE IN JOLO, AND GRAVE Translation: His Spirit (top), Pon Tao Kong's Resting Place (centerl. Erected in the 56th Year of the Kien Long Dynasty (right center), Rebuilt in the 6th Year of the Chinese Republic (right edge). His Guardian Spirit (insert: this inscription is not on the tomb, but on the small spirit yrnrc beside it.) the traditional friendship between the Chinese and the Moros of Sulu. Tradition has it that the spirit of Pei has miraculously protected the local Chinese from harm and political complications during the many bloody wars waged against the Moros by their invading enemies, notably during the severe fighting between Moro and Spaniard, when the town of Jolo was burned, in 1836. In, the year 1800, during the reign of ChienLun, fourth emperor of the Ching dynasty, the* Chinese merchants Kua-Chi and Chua Tiam Bonument at Pon Tao Kong’s grave; le eighteenth day of the eleventh year,” the Chinese merchants of eir friends, celebrate a solemn memo in honor of the great Pei. Also at :he Chinese pier in Jolo there is a cated to his memory, in which are everal sacred relics, including an e adventurer himself. The virtues v.—^..eristic kindness of the supernat one are believed not only to have prot countrymen in time of peace, but also lent greatly to their prosperity in Sulu. In 1917, Tan Dico, president of the Chinese chamber of commerce of Jolo, with the coopera tion of his fellow merchants, reconstructed the tomb of Pon Tao Kong, and built a road con necting it with the city. To this beautiful spot all visiting tourists are conducted, where they are told the story of the great Pei, adventurer and benefactor, the guardian spirit of the Chinese community. For dress occasions and general evening wear Hike Patent Leather Oxfords Hike Shoe Factory 286 - San Marcelino -/286 MANILA, P. Roadster.......... Pl,480.00 Coupe............... 1,925.00 . P2.050.00 (All Prices'Ex.-Manila Bodega) IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 5 Philippine and Arctic Contrasts and Comparisons NOTE.—Smiling, ingratiating on the instant, but persistent and indomitable, Junius B. Wood, one of the greatest living world-news correspondents, penetrated the Russian arctic to Murmansk this spring to see what there was for to see and note it all down for five special articles for the Chicano Daibi Xeu-x Forcivn Scrrin-. With due acknowledg ments to the Chicano Daily Xcus the Journal will publish Mr. Wood’s sparkling scries, running single articles from time to time as space permits, because of the contrasts and comparisons between extreme geographical regions, subtropic and subarctic.—ED. Murmansk, U. S. S. R., March 6.—Polynarnyi Krug, which is Russian for polar circle, is on latitude 66 degrees 32 minutes north, just where the arctic begins. That is why it is the name of a railroad station. This railroad had to cross the arctic circle somewhere, which gave the definite location for a station, now grown to a village of two log houses and a larger structure, also of logs, which holds the co-operative store and rooms upstairs for the manager’s family. One place seems as good as another for sta tions in the windswept waste of tundra and scrub pine. This is one where name and place were predestined. If not historical, it has geograph ical fame—in fact, world distinction. There cannot be more than one other, possibly in Sweden, on the arctic circle with railroad service. Also each of its ten inhabitants can tell just where he lives in parlance of degrees and minutes. Probably few more than that in cities figured in millions can say as much. More stations, an average of one for every nine miles—clusters of log houses half buried in snow, an occasional bundled family with a reindeer team which has come for supplies from the bleaker waste beyond—follow until Mur mansk is reached, 147 miles within the arctic circle and the world’s northernmost spot reached by railroad. Murmansk is latitude 68 degrees, 59 minutes, only 144 miles south of Point Bar row, Alaska, the farthest north of the United States. Instead of cold lunches of frozen meat and a diet limited to what can be packed on a sled, the “hardy” polar explorer of these days on this route can ride in a passenger coach and eat in a dining car, and a very proper A Very Proper dining car at that. In the Dining Car dining car of my northward • bound train a passenger was whistling. “Don’t whistle,” the conductor was admonish ing the passenger when I slipped through the door with a blast of snow. The soloist was crestfallen. “If everybody whistled, how would it sound?” the dour conductor continued. “People might not like it.” As dining car patrons in this part of the world run heavily to whiskers, whistling might be somewhat hazy, but no worse than everybody shouting at once. “Is there any soviet law which prohibits whistling?” I inquired. With the look which a self-respecting waiter bestows on a 10-cent tip, the conductor turned on his heel. The new soviet culture makes everybody his neighbor’s keeper. Some are sc busy telling their neighbors what to do that they have no time to care for themselves. But the law limits gratuitous free advice which need be followed. The conductor sat down at his table and started an elaborate combing of his sleek black hair. Across the aisle a hairy man was drinking vodka and wiping his mouth on the back of a dirty wrist. He had a Three-Course swollen jaw. A woman Dinner 30 Cents tossed a cigarette butt on the floor. Few of the men bothered to remove either leather caps or greasy coats with the sheep wool inside. The aprons of the flannel-shirted waiters once had been white and the paper table covers were well splashed with beer and soup, no matter how often they were changed, for the roaibed was rough. Several things might not be liked, but they were quite bearable, even the whistling, and the food was good, only 30 cents for a|meal of three courses. In 1916 the railroad was extended 652 miles from Petrozavodsk to Murmansk. If it had not been for the war Soviet Russia would not have this railroad to its only ice-free port. Im perial Russia built it to get munitions—it was too late, characteristically Russian—for the northern coast of the Scandinavian peninsula could not be blockaded as could the Black sea ports with the Turks sitting over the Dardanelles. In April 1916 the population of Murmansk consisted of two men living in a beached schoon er, two windows and a door cut in a side of the hull and a tin stovepipe shoved through the deck. The first train arrived in November 1916 and in 1927 the population was 8,777. Civilization and new life have come to the Russians, Lapps, Ijemtzi, Samoieds, Finns and others who inhabit the Kola peninsula, for the railroad has its purpose in peace as well as war. Pacifists strive to overlook how' stress of war spurs nations to accomplishment. A new harbor is being built in Murmansk, for in a future red war it may be useful as a base for naval operations. One official suggested that it be inspected, but the president of the district executive com fort for United mittee, very eager to show States Goods everything else, promptly refused that request. How ever, anybody wh/ cares to face the biting winds can see the harbor. It is not much as harbor works go, mostly built of wood, but it is invaluable to an icebouiyrcountry, as in the winter most of the cotton imported from the United States and the grain exported from the Soviet Union pass through ltfre. Mr.^Wood’s description of Murmansk will appc^f next month. Russia fought scores of for an outlet to warm water. Now she ha^found it without war, at Murmansk; but war sent her exploring for it. SUPREME JUSTICES HOMING Associate Justices Thcmas A. Street and George A. Malcolm of the Philippine supreme court have returned to Manila from their summer vacations in the United States and court is to open in a few days. Associate Justice J. Finley Johnson has not as yet returned to town, but Associate Justice Norberto Romualdez is back in town with his family from their vacation in China and Japan. Under new legislation passed by Congress and approved at once by President Coolidge the justices receive more salary than formerly. MciCZjRMICK DEERING TRACTORS for plowing, disking, harrowing, threshing, road building, and all kinds of belt work You will fin/lNTERNATIONAL HARVESTER TRACTORS durable and economical 10-20 AND 15-30 H. P. SIZES MACLEOD & COMPANY 154 M. DE COMILLAS, MANILA I N DU S T R I A L IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 6 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 PRESIDENT ROBERT E. MURPHY The widow and the orphan mourn. Friends are disconsolate, that the sun no longer sheds his lustre on a beloved face, that Earth, until Om nipotence order otherwise, has claimed her own. President Robert E. Murphy of the chamber of commerce died at St. Luke’s at 8 o’clock Tuesday evening, June 12, aged fifty-seven. A liver ailment from which he had suffered acutely was the cause of death. Heroically he tried to live on until Mrs. Murphy and their daughter Bar bara could reach Manila from San Francisco. Apprised of his serious illness, they had embarked for Manila on the ss President Jackson. The fatal message, however, reached them in mid ocean, and all that friends in Manila could do was to proffer consolations and 'await their wishes. President Murphy had a long and honorable career in the United States Army. He came to Manila about 1900 in the quartermaster service and served in that department as a captain quartermaster until his resignation in 1918 to engage in private business. The body was taken to the Army mortuary, arrangements proceeding under the direction of the Army and President Murphy’s friends, club and business associates. Fainful responsibilities devolved upon John R. Wilson, secretary of the chamber of com merce, in attention to many details. Upon the arrival in Manila of Mrs. Murphy and Miss Barbara funeral services were announced to take place at eight o’clock Thursday morning, June 28, at the Catholic Cathedral on Plaza William McKinley, walled city, with military honors at the mortuary. These joint services were most impressive. The military participation included the officer staff of the quartermaster department, Com pany B, 31st U. S. Infantry, Captain Daniel H. Riner commanding, the regimental band, 31st U. S. Infantry, and noncommissioned officers of the same regiment as pallbearers. There were delegations from the chambers of commerce of Manila, and hundreds of friends and comrades from President Murphy’s clubs and fraternal organizations. R. J. Harrison, Dr. Wm. H. Brown, B. A. Green, T. J. Wolff, W. A. Heppell, W. D. Clifford, A. B. Cresap, J. B. Findley, J. L. Headington, M. H. O’Malley, Chailes A. McDonough, and John R. Wilson were the honorary pallbearers. They repre sented veteran and civilian associations. Military services took place at the mortuary, the reading of the service, taps, and three sharp volleys from a firing squad as a salute to the dead. The casket was placed on a caisson and draped with the flag. The caisson was drawn by three black horses, the band preceding it under com mand of Warrant Officer E. E. Kislow and playing the March Funebre, Hall. Behind the caisson was led a black officer’s mount in funeral blankets, boots reversed in the stirrups, Followed the bereaved, the military contingents, the delegations and groups of mourning friends: the Veterans of Foreign Wars, the American Legion, Directors of the chamber of commerce. Thus the procession proceeded from the mor tuary to the Cathedral, where Captain Riner’s company drew up in honor formation. As the casket was borne down the wide aisle of the crowded Cathedral to the altar, the band played Lead Kindly Light. Floral tributes in profusion were banked high on the chancel rail. Solemn requiem mass was chanted. Father H. G. Avery, S. J., was the celebrant, assisted by Father T. A. Shanahan, S. J., and Father Languth, S. J. The choristers were from the Ateneo of Manila. After Father Avery’s brief but eloquent sermon and the blessing of the casket, F. B. Mulcahy sang Nearer My God to Thee and the casket was borne back to the mortuary with the same meticulous reverence that it had been brought to the Cathedral. On the U. S. A. T. Grant, departing July 7, it was taken to San Francisco for interment. Such was Mrs. Murphy’s wish. Robert E. Murphy, already a director of the chamber of commerce, was elected its president after the annual meeting in January this year by unanimous vote. Though in so brief a time he was to fall fatally ill, he took hold of the business of the organization with alacrity and carried it through with dispatch. He was judicious in all he did, seeking the counsel of others; this can be seen in his selection of com mittee members. He had zest for the work, and progress of the chamber of commerce under Mount Mugao: Philippine “Great Flood” Mugao is a mountain on the road between Bontoc and Cervantes, and one with which the ignorant world is all too unfamiliar. Practically speaking, few college professors and no college students would know anything whatever about Mugao, if mentioned; but they could tell some thing about the Mount Ararat, Sinai, Olympus and other exotic peaks where ancient prophets retired to suffer and ancient believers in the god of things as they are retired to enjoy celestial company and imbibe seidels of nectar and ambrosia. Speak to any westerner of Mugao, and with Homeric laughter he will inquire if it isn’t a village in Ireland or at most a borough of Dublin. He just doesn’t know Mugao, and yet. . . . Without Mugao there would be neither East nor West, no twilight of the white races, no rising tide of color. Not even Olympus may boast such claims, which Mugao has without boasting at all. Of course the reader may say, How ’d’t get that way?—but he must remember that Mugao is spoken of from the detached and ele vated viewpoint of the Mugaoese, and that this is strange and incredulous to him, while the Greek and Hebraic viewpoints are not, merely because it hasn’t been impressed, as the Greek and Hebraic have, upon his western culture. Quite logically the Mugaoese, or Bontok moun taineers, say, How’d y’ get that way? Surely one legend is as good as another, they think, his presidency was bound to continue. He espoused cooperation, in which he sincerely believed, and the results are evident in the united action chambers of commerce are taking on vital questions affecting business. Inter rupted as it was, almost before well begun, President Murphy’s work lives after him: his influence, kindly but persistent, will long be felt. The Journal is grateful for his generous confidence. Though his career in the Philippines was reviewed in these columns in February, some recapitulation is deserved here. When he relinquished his captain’s commission in 1918 he became the editor of the Cablenews-American, which was sold sometime later and is now the Philippines Herald. The editor turned to commercial life, establishing the Daisy Em broidery Company (now the Robert E. Murphy Embroidery Company), manufacturing fine hand embroideries for the American market. He also became interested in the Isuan Co., Inc., and was made its president. This company bottles the famous Isuan natural mineral water and manufactures Isuan Gingerale, a new Phil ippine product finding favor in the United States. In banking President Murphy was associated with the Philippine Trust Company as a member of its board of directors. He was a prominent club man. In politics a Republican, lie was chairman of the Republican Insular Committee. He was for the well being of the Philippines in every way and did much to pro mote it. His loss is keenly felt by all. and theirs the best of all. Or, more accurately, theirs is truth and the rest are legend. The West should know that a very, very long time ago the world was flooded, so that all the land was covered as if it were the bottom of the ocean, and all the people, of course, were drowned. Only Kabunian, the Great Spirit of Heaven, was left alive among all living things; and he was lonesome, naturally. Now the West will immediately think of the houris and angels who could keep Kabunian company, but that is going back to the sensual tales learned from the Near East, instead of keeping well orientated with the Far East, where there are no angels, houris and such; where the field of metaphysics, like that of philosophy, is preempted by esthetic man. Being lonesome, then, Kabunian was happily astonished one day to look down upon the for lorn earth and behold a bright fire burning. Curiosity led him closer, when he saw that the top of Mugao had not been flooded, and a man and a woman, who had taken refuge there, had built the fire to warm themselves. Kabunian stepped out of the sky on to the mountain, bowed and introduced himself, beg ging pardon for intruding. “Not at all!” said the man. “Come up closer to the fire. Here, sweetie, lug up another piece Retail . <Ane American Dh, Wh01esa porters Agents vX" BOTICA B01E ° MANILA Heavy Chemicals—Fertilizer—Manufacturers We have been selling drugs for 97 years IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 7 of driftwood and proffer the visitor a seat. He may have had a long hike.” Thus the man addressed the woman, though he had no right to; and thus they made equals of the Great Spirit, because they didn’t credit his words when he introduced himself, but be lieved him just another man, whom sorrow and long suffering in the storm had bereft of reason. However, at last they believed, so everything was all right. “Fine!” said Kabunian. “A man and a woman, both young. Now you can marry and have children and cause the earth to be peopled again. You know, I’ve been awfully lonesome since the flood, and I’ve lacked the eternal human comedy to keep me amused.” “But we don’t want to marry!” said the woman. “That is, Man hasn’t asked me, and . . . well, we just don’t want to marry!” “Right-o! We don’t,” said Man. “What we want is a smoke. Our tobacco fields are all wet.” “Yes!” said Woman. “We’re quite out of tobacco. I had some with me when we landed here, but Man smoked the last pipeful this morning!” “Marry!” commanded Kabunian. “Marry and replenish the earth!” “Ho!” said Man and Woman, in the order stated, Man adding, “Not if I know my onions!” Kabunian alternately denounced and cajoled, but he could not get them to marry. At last he showed them a tobacco plant he had had concealed in his celestial robes all the time. It had seeds on it. and some leaves that could be rolled into cheroots without further ado. “If I give you this . . . .” “We will marry!” exclaimed Man. “We will, we will!” echoed Woman. So Kabunian gave them the tobacco, they married, and all was well with the world again. What of these talcs of other floods and other salvations? Balderdash! Here is the truth: the man and woman were honest Bontoks, they replenished the earth, and the tribes of the earth are all descended from them. Is it not their children, still dwelling in the mountains around Mugao, who keep the sacred eels in a spring-fed pool in one of Mugao’s mysterious recesses? It is, and none of the eels must ever be killed or even injured, for if it were, then the earth would be destroyed by fire and brimstone, instead of just a gently rising flood; and the mountains, in their majesty, would be cast down, and all the inhabitants of the earth would perish in a day. Instead of destroying the sacred eels, go to them with tidbits that make them fat, surely the plumpest eels in the world, as the little children do, and chant to them, singing— “Lo la-i, appo aal-li; Na-a-i, di kanem.” “Come, you queens of the eels, Here we are bringing you food!” That's what to do, always remembering, if you are a Bontok, that no matter what the rest of the world may say, you are of God’s chosen people. For so it is written. Besides, the tobacco fields prove it. For this legend the Journal makes acknowledgment to the Little .lpo^Ze of the Mountain 1‘rminee.— ED. X X Kismet X X When Mount Mayon Belched Forth Death to Cagsaua By Percy A. Hill NOTE.—Reports reach Manila that Mayon is cutting up more than usual. Perhaps it is nothing. Father wreath of vapor, rising into the from the mighty crater, is seen b; mountain holding within its seething depths the fires of sudden destruction. The ruins of the once prosperous town of Cagsau0, as well as Budiao, remain as the cataclysm lefir them over a century ago. All about, in indescribable confusion, lie huge volcanic boulders weighing from two to twenty tons, hurled out of the bowels of this capricious queen of moun tains upon the doomed towns, to snuff out 2,000 lives in a few minutes and disperse some 20,000 more. These boulders must have risen to an There is a ruined town in Albay where the than the great Vulcan. At times a piumy rippleXf gold*. "About ^bVruin^and^amongst F The^description of the sadden eruption, by plains of were detached and floating on a No matter where the eye ro always returns to this fascinating and terrible of the Cross. The towering leaved abaca, and graceful bamboo sheltered fertile*^ and MS by the ash ASSOCIATED OIL CO. QUALITY PRODUCTS FOR THOSE WHO DEMAND THE BEST ASSOCIATED GASOLINE CYCOL MOTOR OILS CUP KEROSENE CYCOL GREASES MARINE AND INDUSTRIAL OILS ILOILO MANILA LEGASPI IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 the houses of the Bicol peasants clustered around the central plaza; even as today, along the shady roads bloomed the hydrangea, the poinsetta and the flaming hibiscus in tropical luxu riance. The town of Albay, the capital, was the seat of a large colony of Castillians who, far from political Manila, led easy-going, contented lives under the bells of Mother Church—the real authority in the Isles of Philip. In Albay Don Diego awaited the return of his son, Don Fernando, bringing with him a bride from Spain. The young blade had studied for the priesthood in Manila, and gone to Spain to complete his courses. There a chance meeting had been followed by a hasty courtship, and marriage and a career outside the church was the result. Instead of the mitre, Don Fernando was bringing home a daughter of Valencia. All was expectancy in Albay, and in a few days the watchfires on Mount Bulusan announced that a galleon was in sight. The lateness of the season and the Napoleonic disturbances in Spain decided the captain (or the general, as he was really called) to make port in Albay before going on to Manila. All was now bustle in Albay. The commandant rode down to the waterfront with his officers on horseback, leaving the clerics and officialdom to the clumsy coaches slung on broad leathern straps and provided with native outriders and footmen to negotiate the rutted road. In the shade of the old watchtower, a defense against the Moro, they waited. Far out toward Rapu-Rapu, in the lee of the mountain massif of Sorsogon, they sighted the galleon, sails bellied to the wind as she breasted the Pacific surges on the last lap of her transpacific traverse. It was near noon when she hove to with a great rumble of anchor chains. From behind her tall bulwarks came a six-oared boat crowded with people, among them several women. It made straight for the shore, two sailors wading thigh-deep to meet it, while others leaped into the shallows to steady the boat by her gunwales. A woman now stood erect in the stern, casting from her a dark mantle. Proudly she walked along the thwarts, supported by the obsequious sailors, and reached the shore by stepping with sure foot and haughty mien over a bridge made with the oars. She was Don Fernando’s wife from Valencia. But though Albay readily accepted her, she refused to accept Albay. She had imagined Don Fernando to be very rich, and she wished to turn his fortune into money and return imme diately to Valencia to live in the grand manner she had envied in others. When she learned that wealth in Bicol lands was not readily convertible into cash in the bank, she felt herself cheated and made her attitude toward her husband and his people a constant rebuke. Don Fernando took comfort in the chase, the slopes of Mayon, abounding in game, became his rendezvous. Going afield with his pack one morning, through the town of Cagsaua, he be held a handsome girl leaning from a balcony, her face alight with the joy of living. Between her slender fingers she crushed a wisp of ci tronella grass, craving its delicate aroma. Her clear olive skin, carmine lips and eyes as velvety as those of a forest deer made her the flower of OXYGEN Compressed Oxygen 99.5% pure HYDROGEN Compressed Hydrogen 99.8% pure ACETYLENE Dissolved Acetylene for all purposes WELDING Fully Equip ped Oxy-Ace tylene Weld ing Shops BATTERIES Prest-O-Lite Electric Stor age Batteries 281 CALLE CRISTOBAL, PACO MANILA, P. I. two races. Inquiring of a neighbor, Don Fer nando learned that her name was Anatalia and that she was the daughter of a Spaniard who was now dead; he had been one of those close mouthed rovers who never reveal their origin or their home, but, cursed with the wanderlust, rambled as sons of chance to the farthest colo nies of old Spain. Unhappy at home, Don Fernando soon found happiness in Cagsaua, but his relations with the fair orphan remained honorable. There was no release for him from his marriage, and she was a faithful Catholic herself. Just to be with her, near her, brought him pleasure; despite the remonstrances of Fray Francisco, he returned again and again to visit her; nor would he heed his father’s counsel, while his wife’s disdain of the gossip in Albay was answered by his own contempt for her opinion. Opposite Anatalia’s house on the plaza of Cagsaua was a spreading balete tree, its shade became the trysting place. This tree is sacred in the pagan annals of the Philippines: under its weird canopy the bailanes, the priestesses of old, performed their ceremonies. Many an oldtime Malay will today uncover in passing a balete tree, and say Tabi-po, nakikirang-por meaning Excuse me, please, I would pass. Don Fernando and the bewithching Anatalia had met as usual under the balete tree on the morning of February 1, 1814. Happy in each other’s company, their predicament seemed hopeless, and they talked it over again and again. Calm and peace were upon the ancient land of Ibalon. Not a cloud was in the sky. Im patient for the hunt, Don Fernando’s hounds whined at his feet and scampered in false starts toward the mountain, beautiful, majestic Mayon, aglow in the morning sunlight. Don Fernando at last turned his distraught gaze toward the mountain, and suddenly fixed it intently there, unable to believe what he saw. Without a moment’s warning, an immense fountain of rocks erupted from the crater. Smoke and ashes rose to an incredible height in the pellucid atmosphere. Don Fernando gave a cry of horror and shel tered Anatalia in his arms. All the inhabitants of Cagsaua stopped at their tasks, struck still as statues with terror, the good Fray Francisco-, leaning from his window, the women pounding rice in the mortar, the plowmen in the fields, the hemp-stripper in the fetid hillside late. Clouds of dense, black, billowy smoke burst from the mountain-top and, heavier than air, descended upon the doomed town. The horizon darkened as if at midnight, and through the suffocating pall a deluge of hot volcanic ash began to fall. Anon came the crash of the mon strous boulders. Mayon, but a few moments before a calm and majestic object of nature, was now arumble with subterranean thunders, and around her crest stabbed and flashed red volcanic lightnings. Shrieks of pain and terror pierced the awful gloom as the rain of rocks crashed through the roofs and walls of the flimsy houses, rending them to ruins as if they were paper. The noxious air was increasingly hard to breathe. Hundreds died without even time to cross themselves or whisper a parting prayer. “Seeking to escape,’’ writes Fray Francisco, “fathers abandoned sons, husbands their wives, children their parents. Each looked out for himself and all expected death.’’ Barricades of tables, chairs, carabao hides and logs were made—to no avail. Animals wild and tame mingled their bellowings and howlings with the thunders of Mayon. In the village of Budiao, 200 people perished together in the church, 35 were killed in one house, the debris literally burying this town and piling up as high as the tops of the coconut palms. In Cagsaua too the main refuge was the church. With a last embrace, Don Fernando sent Anatalia there; but would not go himself, something holding him rooted where he stood. Perhaps he was concerned for his dogs, perhaps he thought of the helpless women and children. Boulders bombarded the church roof, under which the people, massed together, lifted their voices in vain litanies and Ave Marias. At last the roof gave way, the splintered rafters and falling tiles crushing out lives by the score. Fray Francisco remained near the high altar, rekindling the light which he was able to keep SQCONY MOTOR OILS AND GASOLINE At service stations and dealers on all motor roads The result of over half a century of refining experience Standard Oil Company of New York IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 9 fitfully burning before the holy sacrament. For three hours the holocaust continued, but ' toward noon the atmosphere lightened and the horizon became perceptible. The dead and dying lay thick, even in the church, half-swallowed in the blast of ash and rock. Anatalia still lived, however. Stunned by a stone, she had fallen in the doorway of the tower, which still stood erect, and across her body, as if in mute protection, had fallen the massive crucifix. Her first cry upon being revived was a prayer to the Providence which had preserved her, and her next was for the unfortunate Don Fernando. She sallied forth to search for him— weeping, praying, her hair wild about her bare shoulders. She sought the balete tree, and tore her fingers clawing away the boulders and the ashes. Taking pity, others came to help, and at last they came to Don Fernando’s body, pinned beneath a broken branch of the trysting tree. It was kismet, they thought, the end of a tangled life, and they brought the body forth and buried it with holy rites, sending it back to Albay for the purpose. Stark in the yellow moon that groaning night rose the tower of the once stately church of Cagsaua, even as it does today, as it will tbnight. With the patient persistence of their race, the People soon began the slow reclamation of their one-time fertile lands, presented to them after the convulsion of Mayon as a stony, ashy waste. And long ago they redeemed them, so that now they are as fertile as ever. Magnificent and scornful, Mayon looks down upon the puny efforts of man to eradicate her ruthless destruc tion. At times she rumbles, and the valley trembles; and sometimes, as at this very period, her crater boils and the fumes from her crest are denser than usual, so that the people fear a new outburst of her anger. The haughty wife from Valencia wept dry eyed at Don Fernando’s funeral. Unexpectedly widowed, she sold her inheritance and returned to Spain. Anatalia lived on, unwed, faithful to a cherished memory and to the faith of her fathers. Cagsaua again became “the place of the pythons” and of all creeping, noisome things, but not far away the people raised a new town. On a scarp resembling the site of a medieval castle rose a new church, solid and massive, the work of Fray Francisco and a monument to his devoted labor. Around it is the new town, but it is not called Cagsaua. It is called, rather, Daraga, for the maiden, or daraga, Anatalia. Here it was that the Americans came to Albay, here they laid out the provincial military post which has become the school and government center. The Mindanao Problem: Plantations The Solution The Philippine Guaranty Company, Incorporated (Accepted by all the Bureaus of the Insular Government) Executes bonds of all kinds for Customs, Immigration and Internal Revenue. DOCUMENTS SURETYSHIPS For Executors, Administrators, Receivers, Guardians, etc. We also write Fire and Marine Insurance ow rates iberal conditions ocal investments oans on real estate repayable by monthly or quarterly instal ments at low interest Call or write for particulars Room 403, Filipinaa Bldg. P. O. Box 128 Manila, P. I. Edward E. Christen sen, a Mindanao oldtimer who was in Ma nila during the latter part of April on his way to California for a vaca tion, talked to the Jour nal on the subject of the agricultural develop ment of Mindanao. He is the owner of a flour ishing plantation in the gulf region of Davao, . the Padada plantation, where he has neariy 35,000 ccconut trees in bearing and is planting more all the time. He also manages the Mindanao Estates plantation, adjoining his own. This property is chiefly owned by Paul Gulick and is on a par with Christensen’s or perhaps a little ahead of it, with a few more thousand coconuts bearing. In the same district are Japanese plantations, and Christensen says that in the not too distant future no less than two million coconuts will be bearing in this district alone. Bank of the Philippine Islands The Oldest Bank in the Philippines. (Established 1851) Authorized Capital - Fl0,000,000.00 Paid-up Capital and Surplus - - 9,000,000.00 GENERAL BANKING OPERATIONS. Telegraphic Transfers, Commercial and Travelers’ Letters of Credit, Travelers’ Checks, Drafts, Collections, and every description of exchange and banking business. All kinds of administration, fiduciary and trustee business. Safe Deposit Boxes for Rent. Interest is also allowed op Current Accounts, Time Deposits and Savings Accounts. CORRESPONDENTS: BRANCHES: Thruout the World. Iloilo, Cebu and Zamboanga. HEAD OFFICE: No. 10 Plaza Cervantes, Manila. P. O. Box 777. As it is well known that a number of Amer icans have taken either plantations or home steads in Davao and made them a success, the Journal talked to Christensen particularly about homesteading down there. A Davao homestead of 24 hectares, 60 acres, fully put under cultiva tion would have a stand of 2300 to 2400 coconuts, from which the income ought to be about $2400 per year. A hundred trees to the hectare may be taken as an average, with four trees yielding a picul of dry copra worth P8 or $4: so that the value of the annual crop per hectare would be P200 or $100, this figure being estimated as conservative. As there would be some other income, from cattle, catch-crops, garden, chickens, etc., the income from the copra is figured net. A home stead in Davao is therefore worth developing. But Christensen points out that the old days are gone and that nowadays the job of getting a good homestead under cultivation is not to be successfully tackled by the young man without capital. Say he has $3000 capital, P6000. Christensen divides this sum into three, $1000 for fixed expenses, $1000 for living expenses, $1000 for planting. The whole farm cannot be put under cultivation with this amount, but per haps ten hectares may be, in a period of two years; and after ten years the 1000 coconuts on these ten hectares should be yielding an annual income of P2000 net. It is seen that the capital of $3000 is exhausted at the end of two years; the homesteader may contrive by one means or another to eke out a livelihood until his 1000 coconuts begin bearing profitably, but he cannot put another hectare under cultivation. Without a farm loan, ten hectares are the very best a single man can do with a capital of $3000. If married, he must not try to start with less than $5000 or $6000, and $10,000 is much safer. Moreover, it is obvious, Christensen argues, that homesteaders must be accommodated with mort gage loans in order to put the homesteads all under cultivation and on a paying basis. This financial aid is not available in Davao, or else where in Mindanao. The easy early days are over down there; the single man had best not go homesteading, while a raw homestead is lonely and uninviting to the American woman. Home steading, perhaps, is best left to the native farmer. However, if when an American had as much as ten hectares under cultivation and bearing he could obtain a loan upon mortgage to continue the process until the whole place were producing, Americans could risk homesteading. As things are, Christensen believes the risks and hardships outweigh the possible returns. Instead of homesteading, Christensen recommends planta tion corporations taking up their lawful allot ment of 1024 hectares of land, or something less, and financed by a capital of not less than P100,000, $50,000. This method eliminates the loneliness and hardships, and judicious utilization of the capital will bring a plantation to the stage where the annual crops will carry it on to full develop ment. Let us illustrate with Christensen’s plantation. He has in round numbers 30,000 coconuts bearing, and 100 of these trees bring him P200 a year; or from the 30,000 he has an income of about P60.000, or $30,000 per year. A comfortable living is thus assured, as well as the further development of the place. Christensen recommends the plantation cor poration, under conservative management, but points out that individuals working for such a company may gradually develop homesteads in the neighborhood of the plantation. For 1*4.00 Per Year you can keep your home-town editor in America conversant with the Philippines by sending him— The Journal IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 10 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 WAITING As we go to press nothing definite may be said as to the modus operandi of the new government. The daily press contains interesting conjectures, but they are only anonymous ones from reliable sources. The bigwigs of the executive and legislative branches are not quoted, and theirs must be the decision. They have conferred repeatedly, but their announce ments are to come later. Perhaps with the opening of the legislature, in a few days, the result of their conferences will be known. There is every reason to surmise, as the papers are doing, that means to harmonious procedure will be devised. Governor General Stimson is a team-worker, so is Senator Osmena; and both are enjoying public confidence, while Osmena has a working majority at his back. Odds are upon effective concord. This, we should say in a nonpartisan way, may not signify fortunate sailing for the public as apart from the government; and especially is this true, or likely to be true, in the matter of taxes. The public, we should surmise, must be on the alert regarding taxes. These exactions are high enough, they are chiefly levied upon business, and business in all branches is none too thriving. For instance, the schools are hard pushed for revenue; to them the government has repeatedly surrendered; only a short time ago they got the merchants’ sales tax permanently raised to 1—1/2%, and additional demands are sure to be made in the not distant future. When a legislative majority is big enough to bowl down all before it and is in accord with the executive, the public is often asked to dig deeper into its pocket and pay more handsome bills. WHAT THE CRYSTAL SHOWS Mercantile Manila is doing some hard, honest and meritorious work on the sales-tax question. To provoke more thought on this subject the chamber of commerce has issued Mr. Pond’s memorandum in a circular to its members. Backing the statement with verified data, Mr. Pond has this to say: Had the sales tax not been cumulative, and had it been applied so as to minimize evasions, collections from the tax would have increased with the growth of Philippine commerce, and today would have been about 40% greater than they are, and the addi tional 1 2% tax would have been totally unnecessary. If the government keeps the sales tax, it ought of course to make such modifications in the rate, which should be lower, and in the methods of collection, as will encourage the carrying of merchants’ stocks in the islands and the development of domestic manufactures. But what in fact will it do? With no reflection whatever on the personal character of its members, we may say that the government as manifested in the legislature and the courts is as yet essentially a government of the aristocracy, i.e., the landed gentry. Such men do not take a metropolitan view of public affairs, they take a rural one; and they will tax metropolitan enterprise for the support of rural activities as long as they can. It was so in America, where reluctance to share tax burdens fairly—reluctance of the rural gentry to give anything indeed to the support of the central government, or even toward the meeting of state obligations—led to the Constitution and sub sequent rebellion. The revolt was quashed at once, in the Constitution Washington had more power than had been suspected; and metropolitan America began its spectacular advance. But even today the only direct tax the federal government imposes is the income tax. In short, people differ upon the subject of taxation, and differ in accord ance with what they conceive to be their personal interest. The effort therefore at tax reform must be persistent, unwearying; and along with it will grow, let us hope, a wider participation in industry of the native in habitants, together with a reformation of ideas concerning public schools. We mean the support of schools. It is the insular support of schools that demands the high sales tax. Here the Journal wishes to make its contribution to the sales-tax subject. If the system were reformed so that the insular government only maintained normal schools and colleges of education, fitting young people to teach, and left the various commu nities free to determine school terms, fix salaries and employ teachers, at the same time designating what could be taxed for schools and how much —what kind of a kettle of fish would that be? In America it works out that the schools are the foci of community interest, and, because they affect everything else so profoundly, everyone is concerned for their welfare. The system is not perfect: it is badgered by book agents and injured in other ways. But from the viewpoint of the central government it is satis factory, entertaining the people with many little matters (very important to them, of course) and costing nothing. For the communities it likewise has its virtues. It commands a deal of attention from all people of in fluence, it is without doubt the basic support of the best element in the periodical press of the nation, it is the fount of civic fructification. As opposed to this, in the Philippines our communities languish in bureaucracy and extend the hand of beggary to the insular burse. Until largess is forthcoming the schools are empty. We believe that if adjust ments of the schools burden were agreed upon and set to take effect two years hence, that would be done which will eventually have to be done in any case. What, how, and how much the communities could tax for schools should of course be stipulated. This may be the longest way round, it may also be the shortest way home. WHO GIVETH THIS WOMAN TO BE MARRIED? What precautions of law may be taken respecting wedlock among the denizens of these islands is for the makers of law to say; if they have not said it in accordance with the popular will, maybe they will have to talk again. But to apply the same precautions to people from abroad is in congruous with the islands’ native hospitality, the recently effective marriage law requires a little amending to correct unwitting embarrassments it now imposes upon strangers within our gates. Many prospective brides come here from abroad, especially from America. It is ludicrous to require the publishing of the bans for ten days: no one except their fiances knows them. Nor can they, usually, furnish birth certificates, or witnesses in lieu thereof. Besides, blooming as they must all be, they are still evidently of legal age and quite as evidently every one is a damsel with her mind made up as to what man she prefers to snare. Some way should be devised in the law for them to toss the silken lasso at once, honeymoon in Baguio and settle down to the making of homes. FOR CRYING OUT LOUD We are privileged to publish elsewhere in this issue what we believe the most thorough survey of health among a large group of Manila work men ever made. Made by Dr. W. H. Waterous and Dr. L. Z. Fletcher, it covers nearly 2,000 workmen employed in many activities; and its accu racy is patent from the repute of the physicians and the fact that it was made for their clients, with the obligations of the workmen’s compensation law in view. Following it is the opinion of Benj. S. Ohnick of the law firm of Ohnick and McFie, to the effect that the law is void. While this view is not universally held among lawyers, Attorney Ohnick has a capital point in the fact that the law applies arbitrarily to corporations and individual employers with gross incomes of P40.000 or more a year, and arbitrarily does not apply to others. Two other provisions are generally mentioned as objectionable: (1) that employers and employes are restrained from making agreements independent of the law, and (2) that workmen injured on the way to work or from work may seek compensation from their employers. A third may be the stipulated intervention of the labor bureau, but this, after all, squares with the ordinance law favored in the islands—to which we, at least, can never accustom ourselves. A law of general provisions is passed, and some official designated to make all needful rules and regu lations; or, as in this case, intervention is specifically provided. It would seem imperative that an amendment be made permitting independent agree ments upon certificates of physicians, so that employers may keep faithful employes in unsound health on their payrolls; not of course employes who may infect others, but those whose disabilities are a danger to none but themselves. The other objections are moot, we suppose, though they seem very reasonable. May the bench soon decide. TIME’S THUMBS DOWN Ex-Governor General James F. Smith died in Washington in June. Since leaving the islands he had been on the United States court of customs appeals. He was governor general of the islands from September 20, 1906, to November 10, 1909, immediately preceding W. Cameron Forbes. His outstanding military work was as commander of Negros; where a local republic had been established, he induced acceptance of American sover eignty. From army life he went to the Philippine commission as secretary of public instruction; he signed the Gabaldon school law as governor general, this being the first law passed by the Philippine legislature (then the commission and the assembly), which provided a million yearly as aid to primary schools. He was a master of Spanish. This talent aided him in the task most outstanding in his Philippine civilian career, that of hold ing the general election and inaugurating the assembly. Taft was present as secretary of war, but the real job fell to Governor Smith and he did it with creditable tact. He was fhe fourth of American civil governors, the fourth to die. Taft lives, Wright and Ide, Smith's other predecessors, are gone; and those who followed him are Forbes, Harrison, Wood and Stimson. THE GOOSESTEP The uniform law is like going set 600 at bridge, it deserves a laugh out loud. But what hardships the regulations impose. One mother, a widow left with two children, has to uniform the boy. He has been going in decent khaki; trousers, tough shirts, underwear, shoes and stockings were enough. Now he must have six white suits, since the wash must be sent out, and the cost is P54 and the suits will probably not last out the year. Another widowed mother, a Filipina woman, embroiders for her living and has three children to uniform! She will work her fingers raw and her eyes blind before she does that. And a father, an American on a low salary, faces the bills for seven! Don Pedro Aunario hit it right in La Vanguardia, as he so often does. He is sure the law intended to stop luxurious outlays for school clothes but not to compel expenditures many parents and self-supporting students cannot afford. Did not we hear that University studehts were going to test the law in the courts? What has gone wrong? The purpose was laudable, for it would have given a day in court to the poor who cannot afford per sonally to invoke the law’s remedies. July, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 11 Four Best Manila Newspaper June Editorials <®> University Selection: Also the Best Among the Four THE PEOPLE HAVE SPOKEN Two outstanding facts have been reaffirmed by the results of the recent general elections; namely, that the Philippine electorate stands by the Nationalist program of government, and that it is co-operationist in sentiment. When a radical spirit arose to enliven the poli tical atmosphere of the country as the general elections drew near, we endeavored to point out on two or three occasions the fact that the banner of non-cooperation, which was unfurled during the hectic days of the past administration, was long ago pulled down with the dawning of a new era in our politics. Even the head of the minority party is laboring under the delusion when he believes that the defeat of political radicalism in the general elec tion meant a betrayal, or the giving up of the independence ideal. Independence is a different concept from harmony in local administration. Ill-tempered methods of government which characterized the past administration can bring only reaction that would be disastrous to the progress which the country has already attained. But let the people judge. There is no doubt that the decision of the people is overwhelmingly, preponderantly nationalistic in sentiment and cooperationist in tone. If in the elections of 1922 and 1925 the people were solid with the leaders in their fight for the vindication of their outraged honor and rights, in the last election there was a general toning down of their attitude which is in harmony with the change in the nature and type of administration at Malacanang. Such a change in the sentiment of the people speaks highly of their political sanity, of their quickness to grasp the significance of given situations affecting their well-being, and of their sense of responsibility. The question of independence was not used as a political issue in the past election except by the radicals because there exists a unanimous sentiment for it. Because we are all agreed on that main question, and because ill-tempered radicalism and neurasthenic politics have been disowned by the voters, as the results of the past election show, we have at this moment virtually only one political party to speak of— the Party of all the People of the Philippines. Some critics of Philippine affairs, especially of the political conditions obtaining in this coun try, in expressing their opinions and in evaluating the significance of political developments here, seem to lack the capacity to make clear observa tions from a detached point of view. They draw their conclusions from observations of local conditions, based on those obtaining in the United States which is sovereign and master of its own destinies. In the Philippines we are struggling for the establishment of an inde pendent nationhood through peaceful methods, through the agency of sane politics and sound statesmanship. If political developments here take a course different from those of the old and established republics, it is because of the peculiar problems the country has to grapple with in its supreme effort to obtain its freedom. A fair judgment of Philippine affairs has to be based on the actual circumstances and not on facts existing elsewhere. When the people return to political power those who are not consistent in their policies relative to internal welfare as well as “external” relationships, and by this act castigate those who are wavering in their political beliefs, they are only reaffirming their confidence in the leaders who are directing the political destinies of these Islands. In doing this in the last election, the electorate has also expressed once more its faith in the wise administration of the new Governor-General who, since he took the reins of the Philippine Government, has shown not only tact but ability to carry on the burden of administration to the satisfaction of the people of the Philippines. By the defeat of the candidates who stood for non-cooperation as against the policy of harmony with the Chief Executive adopted by the leaders, Governor Stimson can now feel sure of a solid support here.— Hera Id, June 8. COMMITTEE AWARDS Best of the Month— The People Have Spoken.—{Herald, June 8)—Selected by the Com mittee. Best of Each Paper— The People Have Spoken.—(Herald, June 8)—Selected by Professor Jamias. Looking into the Future.—(Tribune, June 28)—Selected by Professor Dyson. After the Ballot.—(Bulletin, June 7)— Selected by Mr. Valenzuela. As to Fitness.—(Times, June 21)— • Selected by Professor Hilario. LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE The new trend which the Philippine question has taken as a result of the omission from the Republican platform of a plank on the subject, challenges the constructive ability and states manship of our new legislature. Philippine independence is drawing perceptibly nearer as a result of the American producers who oppose the free entry into the United States of Phil ippine products. What have our leaders done, and what do they plan to do to prepare the country for the inevitable commercial shock which independence will bring? Governor-General Stimson, in his inaugural address, emphasized production and industrial development ‘as the keynote to greater prosper ity. In his message to the legislature he will without doubt make specific recommendations to bring about increased productivity. The members of the legislature should lend an atten tive ear to such of the executive proposals as promise a more solid basis for national prosperity. Especially must this country lay greater em phasis on the production of articles which do not come in conflict with American products. If the sugar and oil interests succeed in bringing about our political separation from the United States, we must prepare ourselves to supply that rich market with goods which will not be the subject of high tariffs. Coffee, abaca, cacao, kapok, rubber, are but a few of the agricultural products which can stand enormous increases in produc tion without meeting American domestic com petition. A large export trade in such products would go far to stabilize our economic structure and maintain profitable business relations with the best market in the world, the United States. At the same time greater emphasis must be laid on production for the local market. We must keep at home a large share of the hundreds of millions of our wealth annually exported to purchase foreign goods. Many imported articles could be produced locally if adequate capital and management skill were applied. This would give employment to thousands upon thousands of laborers, and constitute a real contribution to the national wealth. Above all we must produce more and more of our food products, instead of sending millions of pesos out of the country to purchase goods which we can produce ourselves. Finally, we must remove the economic burden caused by huge government payrolls, which take too large a share of the national income for the support of non-producers. Every disinterested observer realizes that the inflated personnel in the government service could be substantially reduced without impairing efficiency. The surplus employees thus freed for their government sinecures would be avail able for productive enterprise. The best evidence that our legislators could give that the Filipino people are sincere in their desire for independence, would be for them to contribute by wise legislation to the building of more solid economic foundations for the country.—Tribune, June 28. AFTER THE BALLOT For some years there have been nominally two political parties in the Philippines. How ever, two years ago the majority party faced difficulties, brought on by its policy. In the crisis the leaders beckoned the minority party chieftains, held out baits or promises and the minority commanders marched their forces into an organization in which their party was swal lowed. Under the banner of a coalition directed by a “national supreme council” the minority people sold their birthright for a mess of pottage. In the meantime a number of changes have come about. The aspect of things political is absolutely different from what it was when the coalition deal was made. A political campaign has just ended, an elec tion has been held. The Democrata party, the minority, having served with and for the Nacionalista-Consolidado party, the majority, in the time of need and having lost or relinquished its block of seats on the band wagon in the mean time, found itself unarmed and forced into a fight with ammunition limited to personalities. The party’s reward at the polls is represented by its heavy loss of ground. The chapter which this election closes does not represent a development in the direction of responsible political parties. The chapter has been characterized by sweeping departures from that form of government. The elemental prin ciple of party platform and campaign issues has been disregarded. The election removes an anomalous situation in Manila, where the municipal government has been at logger-heads with the insular govern ment due to the fact that the municipal majority was the insular minority. The Manila city hall and the legislative hall have been opposing camps, each blaming the other for responsibility for every hitch and the general low standard of the city administration. With the insular majority party in power in Manila responsi bility is direct and authority coordinated. One day before the election Senator Osmena, acting president of the senate, as party leader, issued a statement which, in effect, was a fore cast of general victory for his party and coupled with that forecast a pledge of cooperation in th’e name of constructive progress. The forecast having been fulfilled, the pledge now assumes vital importance, the responsibility being direct for the party for which the acting head of the senate spoke.—Bulletin, June 7. AS TO FITNESS Dr. Charles Mayo, the eminent American physician and surgeon, in a recent speech, predicted many changes in the human body because of the present peculiar flairs in habits of living and styles of clothing. This distin guished physician, who also is second to none as a psychologist, has grave fears that the women of today will become heavy of body and weak in the legs because of high heels that wither the calves and because of insufficient exercise. Life in the lap of luxury, long hours at the card tables, much riding in automobiles, high heels that deny the natural movement of the leg muscles and rich foods are enemies of physical fitness, graceful form and action. Now, Dr. Mayo, whose standing and record as a rectifier and salver of physical ills are second to no other physician in the world, must be considered as moderate in his predictions. The eminent doctor said nothing about human arms that are not exercised nor of heads that do no serious thinking and never allow an original thought to pass through them. The piano saved the arm muscles of a great many women, but the present-day cigaret holder and the cock-tail shaker have little effect in developing muscles. But then, perhaps, shuffling cards and steering automobiles may develop a generation of women who have large hands. And it may be that the women of the present generation may save the human race by the freedom which they give to the glands of their necks. The good doctor infers that degenerated calves are inherited which will be bad news for budding football, baseball and golf players. The out look is exceedingly dark. But still Dr. Mayo doesn’t seem to be in any particular hurry in organizing calf clubs before the aroused public starts to clamor for insular or federal aid. —Times, June 21. 12 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 Let the “Tale” Go With the Hide Manufacturing has been brought to a remark able degree of perfection in this age. But for all its strutting along in the grand manner, it is blemished with a pronounced limp. Its goal in the march of progress is “a standard product at a standard price.” The advertising depart ment is strong for this, which prolongs the life of the slogan and gives the poets of commerce only fixed factors to deal with: automobiles at fixed prices f. o. b. factories, or hosiery, or shoes. Aye, shoes. There’s the rub. Shoes today illustrate the limp, standard shoes at standard prices. They’re just as easy as ever to electrotype and advertise, but when it comes to making them . . . well—it’s not so easy. The biggest factor in a pair of shoes until the buyer’s feet get into them is leather. Other factors are findings and labor. Findings—eye lets, linings, thread, etc.—have their ups and downs, and labor isn’t exactly a fixed quantity, but it is leather, not findings or labor, that is making cost experts turn gray in the shoe fac tories and causing grim presidents to call special meetings of directors. One might say, Be bold, gentlemen; cut the Gordian knot, raise prices on your shoes. Yes, he might say it, like the carousing sailor who told the owners to launch the ship on the day set, when it wasn’t ready to launch, said he would take the responsibility! But having said it, if he found he couldn’t get his favorite brand oT shoes at the old price he would be seen sneaking around the corner for something cheaper “and just as good.” The manufacturers know this bird—he goes on buyers’ strikes and he is Mr. Consuming Public. He has a little knowledge, and it’s a dangerous thing; he wants what he wants when he wants it—at the price he got it before! That’s the limp in manufacturing, the fixed price. It helps housewives budget husbands’ incomes, but it doesn’t help a bit with raws. When the housewife goes to market and has to pay a little more for eggs and spinach one day than she paid last week, she buys the eggs and spinach and readily accepts the truth that eggs and spinach have gone up. The egg and spinach markets have, she realizes, fluctuated; evidently eggs and spinach are scarcer or in more demand. Somehow her budget always makes allow ances for eggs and spinach. But when the same housewife goes down to the Smith Pediemporium to buy a pair of shoes like she bought last year, and finds the price has gone up since last year, is she as nice about it to Mr. Smith as she was to the old woman at the market? She is not. She promptly gives Mr. Smith a piece of her mind and takes her need for shoes and her money to Mr. Brown of the Footwear House. She feels that Mr. Smith, for all the years he has known her and despite his position as a deacon in her church, is actually trying to gouge an excess profit out of her. She should, she thinks, speak to the pastor. In this mood she easily persuades herself (it is a form of blind vengeance for which she will eventually pay) that Brown’s shoes, which look like Smith’s, are just as good. Painful corns are eloquent later in correcting her opinion, but meantime Smith’s bank balance is no bigger for any money from her—meantime Smith hasn’t put anything over on her. No, sir! Why, the idea! When she asked him about the price of the shoes, he hemmed and hawed and began answering about the cost of leather! As if that had anything to do with shoes! She wasn’t buying leather, only shoes. Smith could keep housewives contented cus tomers if he could standardize the cost of leather as he standardizes the prices of his shoes. He can’t, though; in the realm of leather he is Mr. Consumer. He makes shoes, he buys leather with which to make them. Well may his direc tors meet, well may they ponder long. There are all the shoes, all at advertised prices, and yonder is leather—jumping over the moon. So has the crisis come in the shoe trade. Pick up any of the trade journals, they are moist with futile lamentations. The shoe manufac turers meet, and a tanner comes to talk to them. He talks turkey, in the form of cow hides. He tells the manufacturers to be “rational and broad-minded,” meaning, of course, to get ready to pay him more for leather! “We ask this from you," he concludes, "we expect and will take nothing else.” Like that, he says it, take it or leave it—at his price; and he and his ilk are boosting leather prices persistently in strict accordance with rising prices of hides. Hides are on the American tariff free list, but the tanner referred to thinks it unpatriotic as well as injudicious for shoe manufacturers to import foreign leathers. He has no patience with such customers, and asserts, what is prob ably true, that American leathers, calf, kid, sheep and sole, have no rivals in the world. American tanners sell 80% of their enormous output, about 1,800,000 hides monthly, in the United States; and the other 20% they sell That’s why it is the drink to serve when friends drop in. It has the quality, flavor, and distinction which commends it to those who would practise the art of entertaining. San Miguel Brewery abroad, principally in the Orient. They look to the Orient, Japan, China and the Philippines, as the main field of their future expansion. At home and abroad, they have an instant market at their own prices for every hide they tan; the tanner referred to above said they were all booked well ahead with orders, and only 1,700,00 sides were counted in the visible supply —a month’s demands. Hides have soared in a year from 15 cents a pound to 26 cents, and leather with them; in other words, the principal factor in the manufacturing cost of a pair of shoes has nearly doubled in price within a twelve month. The tanners smile, the trade groans, smaller and smaller shrinks the margin between costs and profits. It may not be long until Smith has to t,ell Mrs. Housewife that much as he regrets it the price of shoes is up. Up, that’s a(l. Of course tfie simple story is, there are too few cattle in the world. Not for beef, perhaps, but for leather. Unfortunately for shoe manu facturers, rafichers raise cattle for beef and the hides take Aheir chances; the hides are a by IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 13 product from the packing houses. Added to the unwonted depletion of beef herds, and there fore leather, the whole world has started kick ing up its festive heels—in shoes. Russia, for example, is in the world’s markets as a big buyer of hides; the peasants are donning shoes. Other countries too, formerly exporting hides, are now turning them into leather and buying more abroad, to make shoes for their hordes that formerly went barefoot. And shod peoples are better shod than ever, which again causes no pessimism in the tanning trade. The tanner who talked so plainly to The Household Searchlight: New Contest Announced By Mrs. LUCILE KELLY The cake-baking contest on June 30 enlisted the interest of a hundred women and gratified this department exceedingly. True to our word, we announce another contest this month. It is an essay contest. The conditions are easy. The subject is: Why I Am Learning to Cook. On this subject contestants may submit essays of 300 to 500 words, mailing them to The Household Searchlight, P. O. Box 1638, Manila, P. I., so as to arrive at the Journal office before the end of July. Each essay, to qualify the writer in the contest, must be accom panied by this page of the Journal and the name and address of the writer. For the best essay submitted the Journal will pay P10 and for the second best P5. The third best will receive honorable mention and the writer will receive the Journal free for one year. Elsewhere on this page we are boxing in the rules, to set them forth more clearly. First prize in the cake-baking contest, P10, was won by Mrs. Consuelo Garcia, 521 San Marcelino, with a coconut cake. Second prize, P5, was won by Miss Esther Hemenway, 613 Remedios. Hers was also a coconut cake. Mrs. Pilar Reyes de Castillo, 389 Hidalgo, won honorable mention with her delectable exhibition cake and is receiving the Journal free for one year. All the cakes made many little children of Tondo happy, for they were given to the tots in the crippled children’s ward of Mary J. Johnston hospital; and more than the winning cakes went there, many of the con testants donating their cakes too, and good cheer spread through the hospital wards as if a mid summer Christmas had come round. Mrs. Sofia R. de Veyra, Miss Palma, daughter of President Palma of the University, and Miss Alice Maull of Mary J. Johnston hospital were the committee, Mrs. de Veyra kindly acting as chairman. Decisions were hard to make; awards could not go to all, but if at first you don’t suc ceed, try again. So saith the adage. As we have a pie-baking contest in the offing, we record this month a few excellent recipes. In the art of baking, as in all arts, practice makes perfect. Lemon Pie Spread crust, well rolled, into an inverted pie pan and bake to a golden brown. Fill the baked crust with this mixture: 1 cup sugar 1 cup cold water 1 ,'4 cup lemon juice 4 eggs. 1 grated lemon rind 1 2 tablespoon shortening Mix sugar, water, shortening and grated rind together, then cook until as thick as honey. Beat the four egg yolks and two whites until very light, then add the lemon juice. When this is well mixed, add the hot syrup mixture, stir ring all the time. Cook in a double boiler, stirring until thickened. Pour into the baked crust and cover with meringue made of the remaining whites of eggs, adding 4 tablespoons of sugar and a few drops of lemon juice. Spread over the filling and set the pie in the oven to brown. Butterscotch Pie Cover an inverted pie pan with pastry as in instructions above and bake until light brown the shoe makers, told them Hoover had told him that they were selling America 109 pairs of shoes last year where they only sold her 100 the year before; and Hoover also told him they are making even more shoes this year. It’s an election year, mind you, but when a staple commodity like good American shoe leather is as greatly in demand as it is now all over the world, up it goes in spite of warm campaigns on the hustings. Leather is up, and men wise in the trade say it will stay up until more mave ricks, a great many more, millions more, are branded on the world’s lone prairies. in hot oven. 1 cup brown sugar 1.4 cup flour 1 2 cup milk 1 2 cup cold water 2 eggs 3 tablespoons confectioner’s sugar 1-1 2 tablespoons butter 1 2 teaspoon vanilla Pinch of salt Cream the brown sugar and butter together and slightly melt over slow fire. Remove from fire. Beat the egg yolks light. Add alternately flour, milk, water, and salt. Stir this gradually into the butter and sugar mixture and cook in a double boiler, stirring until thick and smooth. Remove from fire and turn into baked crust. Beat egg whites stiff, add confectioner’s sugar and spread this meringue on top. Return to oven until it is nicely browned. Serve cold. Cocon ut Cream Pie The crust may be made in the way we describe below: 1 ,'2 cup shredded coconut 3 eggs separated 12 cup sugar 2 cups of scalded milk Beat the yolks of the eggs and add the sugar and salt. Beat the whites until stiff and then stir in carefully the hot milk. Line a deep pie pan withXrust, add filling, and bake until crust is dont^ / A New Apple Pie Line a tin with crust. Fill mound-like with sliced tart apples piling them high in the center. Sprinkle with salt, add 3 tablespoons of cold water and cover with an upper crust, making several openings in the center. Bake 30 minutes. Then remove top crust by running a knife between the crusts and lift off top crust. Strew over the apples 1 cup of sugar. Dot over with 2 tablespoons of butter and sprinkle with 1 8 teaspoon of grated nutmeg. Stir carefully to mix ingredients with the apples. Replace top crust. Serve hot with sweetened rich cream. Coffee Cream Pie 1 cup milk 1 2 cup strong coffee 3 4 cup brown sugar Few grains salt (Concluded on page 15) Make Your Money Work For You The sooner you open your account, the sooner it will begin to work. Our Savings Accounts Department is anxious to assist you. Do not worry about your time. We will give you quick and efficient service. Your time is gold and so is ours. 4|^% interest annually, added and compounded quarterly Do your Banking by mail Our provincial customers are highly satisfied with our banking process and their deposits are mailed to us regularly. Won’t you be one of them? One Peso will open a Savings Account with us Write us for further particulars regarding Savings Accounts Philippine Trust Company Commercial and Savings Bank “The Good Service Bank” Tel. 2-12-55 Plaza Goiti, Manila P.O.Box 150 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 14 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 THE GOLFER’S EMOTIONS Give me the highly strung man with self-con trol, the nervous man who can conquer his nerves. Of this truth, if it be a truth, American golf can supply some admirable illustrations. There was the late Walter Travis, for instance. When he was playing he looked cold, calm, inscrutable as the Sphinx; there was something positively inhuman about him; yet those who knew him best always declared that he was really wrought up to a high pitch of tension. Then—a still better example—there is Bobby Jones. Here is a highly nervous player who has had to conquer not only his nerves but a fiery temper as well. As we know from his own delightful account of his sensations in Down the Fairway, he still longs now and again to throw his clubs about. Yet he is at once a model of outward suavity and a most gallant fighter. I do not believe that there is a golfer alive who suffers more over the game than he does, partly from nervous tension, partly from his own extreme fastidiousness as an artist, which makes him rage inwardly at any stroke not played with perfect art. He has told us that he regularly loses I don’t know how many pounds in weight in the course of a Champion ship. Yet he has conquered himself and he has conquered the world. Had he been placid and lethargic I do not believe he would have accom plished half as much. Yet another example is a golfer whom I should rate as at least as good a match player as I ever saw—Jerome Travers. He too had to conquer something in himself and has confessed that sometimes his nerves were so ‘raggedy’ that it was all he could do to keep them under control. Yet his frozen calm and his power of pulling matches out of the fire were proverbial; they not only won him many matches but frightened many other people into losing them. If I had to pick out one of Mr. Travers’s ‘temperamental’ qualities for praise, it would be his. power of putting aside and . forgetting. He was never afraid o' showing momentarily his annoyance over a bad shot, just because he was so sure of himself and knew that he would instantly re gain control. But the best example of this power of forgetting was shown in his wrestlings with his wooden clubs at a time when they betrayed him so seriously that he had to drive with an iron from the tee. When I saw him win the Championship at Garden City in 1913 he was constantly trying his driver, losing his lead in consequence, and then putting the peccant driver away again and taking to his iron. Other people might possibly have won while driving with an iron, but they would have had to stick to the iron from first to last. To be able to try those antics and then settle down again, not once . but several times, in the course of a match, seemed to me a miracle of concentration, of obliterating from the mind everything but the one hole, nay, the one stroke to be played next. There is another very great American golfer whose temperament seems to demand some analysis, and that is Walter Hagen; but him I do not profess to understand. Does he feel nervous? I imagine that he does, because I cannot believe that he could rise to such heights if he did not; but J certainly have no evidence to bring forward in support of my views. He im presses one beyond everything else as really enjoying the fight. Because he is a great show man as well as a great match player, he has clearly cultivated this quality in himself for all it is worth, but it must, to begin with, have been a natural one. There are two kinds of fighters: those who actually want to be in the ring and those who will fight bravely when they find themselves there, but would instinctively prefer to keep out of it. The former is the happier class, and Hagen is at the very head of it. With this rejoicing in the battle he seems to have cultivated another quality, that of an eminently sane philosophy. He has not the point of view of Bobby Jones, as he has not his flawless art. He is always likely to make a bad mistake or two in the course of a round, and accepts them as natural and inevitable, not to be resented, only to be compensated for. Bobby is always trying to do the best; Hagen tries to do his own best. —Bernard Darwin in the June Atlantic. In a recent symposium gathered by Percival White, consulting engineer of No. 175 Fifth Avenue, New York City, to determine the re quirements for ideal construction, J. A. Kline, managing director of the Automobile Club of Virginia, stated: “The thing of importance in an automobile covers a great many of your subjects, namely, good engine, good chassis, good brakes, good body, or, in other words, those parts which go to make up a good autodnobile. After this is once made, the next thing /is the important comfort able features that go vfith it as well as mechanical features that make safety.” Dodge Brothers, /Journal patrons, assert remarkable forward Strides in the construction of their new Victory Six. A noiseless body, I It’s in how they feel Burke’s leadership has been achieved because the fundamental principles of correct club construction have been followed for many years. Shaping, weighing, and balancing each head to match and harmonize with a selected shaft to produce perfect rhythm has been the secret of the success of Burke’s Golfrite Irons Have you tried the Harlequin Balls? Ask your pro about them SQUIRES BINGHAM CO. Sportsmen's Headquarters 15 Plaza Goiti Manila, P. I. the chassis construction rendering *the car abso lutely quiet while-being driven. Body sills are eliminated, the seat bases are built into the chassis. There is sufficient head-room, leg room, and the seats,, of usual width, keep the backbone in a comfortable* position. The comfortable angle of the seats and backs, with ample roominess, insure comfort and change of position on long rides. Straphangers in rush hours are mere amateurs compared to the packing and jolting that natives of Persia, Irak and Syria experience when they travel in motor trucks across deserts and moun tain trails, according to F. A. Kettaneh, man aging director of sales of Dodge Brothers cars and Graham Brothers trucks in those countries. Mr. Kettaneh recently visited the plants of Dodge Brothers in Detroit to gain first hand information on the cars and trucks that he has IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 15 sold for seven yep'gs. It was his first visit to America. / “Passengers .in our motor lines n?ver expect a cushioned seat,” explained Mu Kettaneh. “They sit with their legs doubled under them, and they usually ride on the bed of the truck. They’re piled in, bag and baggage, and if they get a strap to hold, it’s a strap from some of their luggage. In this fashion, they are shaken and bounced over their journey. “Automobiles are forming the only transpor tation linking many parts of the country, but they are doing it at a reasonable price. One bus line charges a $12 fare for a 600 mile trip, and the roads are merely trails. In all my terri tory, nearly a third the size of the United States, we have only five miles of paved roads.” Despite the discomfort to passengers, owners of trucks do a flourishing business, according to Mr. Kettaneh. The automobile is called the HOUSEHOLD SEARCHLIGHT (From page 13) 1 2 cup flaky rice 2 eggs Vanilla. Scald 1 cup of milk with the coffee in a double boiler, add sugar and salt and cook a few minutes. Add rice, then beat yolks of eggs and pour a part of the cream filling into them. Mix thor oughly, then add to rest of filling and return to boiler. Cook until thickened. Add a few drops of vanilla and pour into baked pastry shell. Cover with a meringue made of the whites of two eggs beaten stiff with the addition of a few grains of salt and 2 tablespoons of sugar and a few drops of vanilla. The rice acts as a thickening agent as well as adding nutriment and flavor to the pie. It may be omitted if desired; in this case, add 3 tablespoons of flour mixed with a small amount of milk and combined with the scalding coffee and milk. If one desires a still richer filling, cream instead of milk can be used, or undiluted evaporated milk with 3 eggs and only 2 tablespoons of flour. Peach Butterscotch Pie Make a pastry shell and also a round piece of extra pastry just about the size of the bottom of the pie pan. Allow 6 tablespoons of shorten ing to 1-1 2 cups of flour and 1 teaspoon of baking powder and 1 teaspoon of salt. Bake in the usual way. Simmer as many halved peaches (canned ones will do) as are needed to cover the bottom of the pie, in 1 cup of golden syrup until they are clear. This will take about 10 minutes. Make the buttersctoch filling as follows: Melt 1 2 cup of shortening in an agate pan. Add 1 2 cup of flour very carefully so that it is smoothly blended. Add the cup of syrup that was used for cooking the peaches together with 1-1, 2 cups ofhot water, 2 tablespoons of molas ses and 1 tablespoon of vinegar. Cook until well smoothed and thickened. After removing from the stove add the yolks of 2 eggs, well beaten. Pour about 1 4 of the filling into the pie shell, put in the canned peaches, place the pastry round on top of them, and add the remainder of the butterscotch filling. Cover with sweetened whipping cream just before serving. Pie Crust Success in pie-baking depends upon success with the crust. It should be light, flaky and rich and always baked to a delicate golden brown. If it is tough, soggy or half-baked it is a failure and the pie a failure too. This is the way I teach my students to make pie crust: First, I measure out one cup of flour, then sift and measure it again. Add 1/4 teaspoon of salt, mixing well. Then measure out 1,-3 cup of shortening. I use vegetable lard, never butter, as butter tends to toughen pie crust. I cut the shortening into the flour with two knives until it is of the consistency of coarse meal; then I measure and add 14 cup of milk, either fresh or sterilized natural. I never use evaporated milk in making pie crust unless I dilute it half and half. Stir in the milk and put the mixture on the ice until it is thoroughly chilled. While it is cooling, I generally mix the filling and by the time the filling is ready the paste is cold. I then take the paste from the Friend of the People and it is the ambition of every driver to operate his own truck. Drivers who receive a salary of about $50 a month all look forward to buying a truck, and jolting passengers some day. Truck driving is one of the highest paid occupations, the average work man receiving a wage of 27 to 30 cents a day. American built cars form 80 per cent of the registration in Mr. Kettaneh’s territory. There are approximately 5,000 cars in Syria, 2,000 in Irak and 6,000 in Persia. The registration figures in these countries are considered all the more remarkable because of an import duty on passenger vehicles ranging from 15 to 25 per cent, and gasoline prices vary from 44 to 84 cents a gallon. Gasoline for long trips is carried in tanks on the running board, since sources of gasoline supply are sometimes hun dreds of miles apart. RULES OF THE ESSAY CONTEST 1. Subject: Why I Am Learning to Cook. 2. Length of essays, 300 to 500 words. 3. Essays must be submitted with this page of the “Journal" to reach the office before the end of July. Each must bear the full name and address of the contestant, so as to be properly catalogued. 4. An impartial committee will read the essays and award the prizes: For the best, P10; for the second best, P5; for the third best, mention in the’ “Journal” and a free subscription for a year. icebox and place it on a floured board, very gently rolling the paste out to the required size. I never hurry pie crust and never bear down hard with the rolling pin; I always roll it out with rather quick light strokes. If the crust is too hard and stiff after coming off the ice I let it stand just a moment and then roll it carefully and it soon loses its stiffness. For tiptop results it is best to make pie crust the day before it is used. After making it, put it in a bowl and place it in the icebox, being sure to cover it well. Properly cared for, it will keep Luzon Stevedoring Co., Inc. Lightering, Marine Contractors Towboats, Launches, Waterboats Shipbuilders and Provisions SIMMIE & GRILK Phone 2-16-61 Port Area several days and bits left over will keep until made into tarts or something similar. Never stretch a crust when putting it into the pans. Always roll to the required size and place loosely in the pan. If you use two crusts, the bottom one should be wet around the edge with cold water so that the edges of the two may be pressed tightly together. If a baked crust is required (as in some of the recipes above), the rolled-out dough should be placed in an inverted pan and edge pressed firmly down on the edge of the pan. Frick the crust with the tines of a fork or the edge of a knife before baking so it will not blister or puff. One thing to remember is that if you are using stewed fruit in pies it should be perfectly cold or the filling will soak through the crust and make it soggy. To brown the top of a crust nicely brush over with egg yolk mixed with a little milk and it will bake to a most attractive brown. When taking from the oven use a wire rack so that the air may circulate freely. In this way the bottom will always remain dry. Discoveries and Inventions: Culinary First of all, a very compact little box for menus and recipes. It is of wood, 8 inches long and 4-1 '2 inches high, covered with a green cloth which is washable. There are 250 cards for recipes and 25 index cards. There is a lid which fastens securely so that the cards will not become soiled. The price is Pl.75. If you are interested, write me and I shall be glad to tell you where to get them—or to get one for you. We tested out a delicious jello by using gela tine and soft drinks. Making the jello the usual way, instead of fruit juices we used soft drinks; and it really was the most delicious dish we have tasted in a long time. We have also been experimenting with various lacquers for the kitchen. We found one in a local hardware store which is more than excel lent for the kitchen table. Many women have found that oil cloth and the usual paint is not sufficient for the hard wear that cooks give our kitchen tables. After a couple of letters asking us if we knew of anything, we decided as long as we didn’t we would find out. We experiment* ed with three, and found one to be very good. It has been on the table a month and is as hard as glass, easily cleaned, and even an occasional rather sharp bearing down with a knife has not marred it any. It will, I believe, last a long time and is much less expensive than oil cloth, or paint, which soon peels. Try it, you will find it will stop another leak in the household ac counts. Any questions about these we will, of course, be very glad to answer. If you have any kitchen troubles, let us know and we will try and help solve them for you. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 16 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 Health Among 1776 Manila Workmen 25 15 7 As a result of the workmen’s compensation law which took effect June 11, Dr. W. H. Waterous and Dr. L. Z. Fletcher were called upon to make a thorough physical examination of 1,776 workmen employed by 11 American corporations. Here are the tabulated results: Poor vision........................................... Cataracts.............................................. Strabismus............................................ Conjunctivitis...................................... Trachoma.............................................. Perforated ear drums....................... Otitis media......................................... Sinusitis................................................. Ozoenal rhinitis................................... Enlarged turbinates.......................... Carious teetn.......... ........................ Tonsilitis................................................ Nasal polypi........................................ Valvular heart disease..................... Myocarditis.......................................... Hyperthyroidism................................. Adenitis.................................................. Arthritis................................................ Asthma................................................... Chronic bronchitis............................ Epididymitis........................................ Osteomylitis.. ...................... Epilepsy................................................ Tuberculosis................................. Varicocele.............................................. Hydrocele.................... Hernia.................................................... Leprosy.................................................. Undescended testicles...................... Skin diseases........................................ Syphilis............................ Hemorrhoids........................................ Varicose veins..................................... Finger amputation . ............. Lipona.................................................... Total defective physically........ Percentage defective physically almost................................................ 52 The West Coast Life Insurance Company offers A full line of modern life insurance contracts designed to meet every need of business or personal protection. For particulars and quotations consult the Philippine Branch Office West Coast Life Insurance Co. Kneedler Building Telephone 2-36-74 Manila, P. I. Taking \% as 18 individuals, it is seen that more than 3-1 1% are acutely tubercular, 8-1, 2% have bad teeth (known to be the source of serious maladies), 4% have infected tonsils (another fertile source of more serious ailments), 4% have diseased hearts. Congested conditions inducive of more serious trouble, even tuberculosis, are in evidence in otitis media (inflammations of the ear), sinusitis and rhinitis, and chronic bronchitis; and these A. A. U. FIRE-MARINE-LIFE-AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE CENTRAL AGENTS AND ATTORNEYS: United States Fire Insurance Company of New York Agricultural Insurance Company of Watertown, N. Y. North River Insurance Company National Union Fire Insurance Company of Pittsburg, Pa. National Union Indemnity Company of Pittsburg, Pa. Asia Life Insurance Company of Wilmington. Delaware AMERICAN ASIATIC UNDERWRITERS, INC. four ailments claim more than 11-1/2% of the examined individuals: inflammation of the ear, 2-3 4%; sinusitis, 5%; rhinitis, 1%; chronic bronchitis, 3%. The instances of tuberculosis reported include only active pulmonary tuberculosis. Diagnosis was made stethoscopically and in every case corroborated by the x-ray. Other individuals manifesting chronic healed tuberculosis were not included in the count. Of late years the question of focal infection has assumed an increasingly important position in pathology. Included in this list are infected teeth, sinusitis, tonsilitis, and chronic otitis media. The high incidence of valvular heart disease among the workmen examined is un doubtedly due to the incidence of untreated focal infections. Valvular heart disease, a con dition in which one or several of the heart valves do not close tightly, and permit a regur gitation of blood, constitutes a serious menace to health in times of stress; as, for instance, in pneumonia and other intercurrent infections. It is startling, of course, that two cases of leprosy were discovered, but this stubborn disease is so difficult of transmittal that its in cidence among the inhabitants of Manila, low as it is, is exaggerated in importance by popular dread of it. At the same time, three cases among 1776 workmen are more than should be expected, given the vigilance of the health service. There is strong probability that leprous infections may be caused by inhaling the germs from a leper. Children, born clean to leper parents, contract the disease if left to live with their parents, and breathing the infected air may be the means of it. Therefore lepers em ployed among other men are a source of danger. There were six more leper suspects who have not been definitely proved to be lepers. Varicocele and hydrocele are examples of groin troubles from which rupture may easily come, through overstrain. Varicocele is a swelling of the veins of the scrotum or of the spermatic cord, hydrocele is dropsy of the scrotum, hernia is a rupture. Risks involved in lifting, shifting and carrying burdens would be great among the men afflicted with one or more of these three ailments. The danger from hernia in workmen lies in the incarceration of a loop of intestine distending through the opening of the sac and subsequent strangulation of the gut. This condition offers great hazard to life, unless immediately operated it is generally fatal. Varicocele and hydrocele are of course direct predisposing factors in the production of hernia. They affect 8% of the men examined, or about one in every twelve. Dr. Waterous and Dr. Fletcher made very painstaking examinations of the workmen and had the aid of an x-ray laboratory and the latest conveniences and instruments. Their data are reliable and the Journal appreciates the opportunity to furnish its readers a survey of conditions of health among Manila workmen which perhaps surpasses any other on a broad scale ever made in the islands: the nearly 2,000 workmen are of many classes, engaged in many different occupations. Naturally the discov eries made led to many medicinal, dietary and surgical corrections tending to restore the treated men to normal physical fitness and retain them in their jobs. In other words, much was done that many modern cities now regularly under take to do through agencies of their own. To inadequate nourishment may be traced the origin of many of the ailments. The Journal, to turn to the legal aspect of the workmen’s compensation law, requested the opinions of several leading attorneys of Manila. One such opinion is in hand at this writing (July 2), when it is necessary to close the forms for the press. If others are received later, space will be given them next month. The following opinion is from Benj. S. Ohnick of the firm of Ohnick and McFie: “I have not had occasion to give any consider able study or consideration to this act, and at this time may make only some general observa tions. It is apparent that with this act, as with all similar legislation, legal questions ad infinitum concerning -the applicability of its provisions to particular facts will arise. With these, I presume, you are not concerned. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 17 {REINSURANCE ^BusinessM^T^ lund-is an asset to any Tn the Widow - MAINTE T°W < <™totanMUie0( comfort and PTOvWw^ cation for the chlld,^ The Insular Life Assurance Co., Ltd. MANILA, P. I. Low rates iberal conditions ocal investments oans on real estates repayable monthly instalments, at ow interest If a mindful man with a fixed salary dies, he will only leave a small saving to his family vliatlsi to You For about F31.00 annually our company guarantees the payment of P 1,000 to your wife or sons in case of death, or to the insured himself if he survives the policy. Call or write for particulars to: The Manufacturers Life Insurance Co. E. E. ELSER, General Agent 405 Kneedler Building, Manila P. O. Box 598 Phone 2-24-29 HOME OFFICE 4th Floor, Filipinas Bldg. Plaza Moraga, Manila, P. I. P. O. Box 128 C. S. SALMON 3rd Floor, Gaches Bldg. Escolta cor. T. Pinpin 115 P. O. Box 734, Manila V. SINGSON ENCARNACION, President J. McMICKING, Manager I “Legislation of this character is essentially the product of industrialism. For the employee engaged in extra-hazardous or hazardous work it was intended to do away with the doctrines of negligence and contributory negligence, as sumption of risks incident to employment, the fellow-servant rule, and to afford to the employee and his dependents more or less speedy care and compensation, and at the same time obviate the necessity for costly and lengthy court proceedings to determine the existence or nonexistence of liability. For the employer, against whom verdicts for injuries were ordinari ly seemingly excessive, it prescribed a method of determining reasonable compensation without the vexation and expense of court proceedings, by which the employee, if successful, did not benefit to the full extent, and which in any event was not conducive to pleasant relations between the employer and the employee. “From an economic and humanitarian stand point it appeared proper that industry should bear the burden and expense of injuries sus tained by employees engaged in hazardous employment as a necessary concomitant of the industry. The community found sufficient justification in the enactment of these compulsory compensation laws, through its interest in the lives, secui*ity and welfare of those engaged in industrial pursuits. “One might question, as I do, the necessity of such legislation at this time in this jurisdic tion, where industrial activities are comparative ly small and where disputes between employers and employees who may have been the victims of calamities in industry seemingly are negligible. In these islands there has been very little court litigation between employee and employer over matters involving injuries contracted in the course of employment. Ordinarily in such cases, particularly as applied to those employers having large gross incomes, compensation has been allowed and adjusted amicably. I hardly believe that it can be said that there exists any unfavorable experience in the industrial rela tionship between employers and employees in this jurisdiction which now necessitates a work men’s compensation law. However, the wisdom of such legislation is for the law makers. Their action might be anticipatory. “Concerning the validity of the workmen’s compensation law, personally I am of decided opinion that the same, as constructed, is repug nant to the due process of law and equal pro tection of the law clauses of the Bill of Rights contained in the organic law of these islands and is, therefore, unconstitutional and void. “In enactment of the workmen’s compensa tion act it would appear that the legislators lost sight of the fundamental consideration which, generally, is the underlying basis for such legis lation, that is, protection against the hazards of industry. The proposition upon which compulsory compensation ordinarily should be founded, as I perceive, is the existence of the element of hazard inherent in the occupation. A wide discretion undoubtedly should be, and is, accorded to the legislature in designating the particular industries or employment which are deemed by it to be of that hazardous character which requires protection. If there exist any possible grounds upon which a particular employ FOR RENT: Store space. Calle David and Dasmarinas, 179 square meters.—Entrances on both streets.—-Excellent show windows. Apply, John R. Wilson, Secretary, American Chamber of Commerce, 180 David, Phone 2-11-56. ment could be deemed to be inherently or es sentially hazardous, then it is within the province of the Legislature to so declare and make pro visions therefor. When, however, the legislature wholly disregards the existence or nonexistence of hazard and attempts to impose liability, without fault, upon all private employers whose gross income exceeds P40.000 per annum, and exempts those whose gross income is less than that sum, the classification to me is unnatural and arbitrary, and oversteps the bounds of constitutional limitations. I believe that no courts of respectable authority yet have gone so far as to say that compulsory compensation for injuries may be enforced in all cases of employ ment regardless of negligence, regardless of hazard, and regardless of character. While it has been held that the number of employees engaged in an industry might be utilized as a factor in determining whether or not a partic ular industry is, or is not hazardous, or should, or should not be provided for by remedial legis lation, to my mind, gross income of the employer alone has no relation to the subject and is not sufficient. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 18 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 “Why should occupations concededly not hazardous in character be included? Why should a professional firm, for instance, having an income of P40.000 be required to pay when a like firm, whose income is only P39.000 be exempt? Why should the employer in the first instance be protected, and not so in the latter? Why should a stenographer in a law office receive compensation, and a mechanic in a machine shop be denied the same, simply because of the gross amount of income of the employer? Why should an employee of one manufacturing concern, doing the same identical work as an employee of another concern, under the same situation and circumstances, be denied the protection which is afforded to the latter by reason of the gross income of his employer? Illustrations might be multiplied, all of which demonstrate to me at least, that the classifica tion is wholly unreasonable. “As another incident of this particular act, it might be noted that private enterprise is required to pay employees whose weekly wages do not exceed P42.00, while the government is exempted from paying all those whose wages exceed P800 per year, or approximately Pl5.00 per week. The Government evidently is more interested in seeing that the private employee is cared for and compensated than those employed directly by the Government. We must presume that the lives, safety and health of government employees are not so valuable as those under private employment. “Upon the foregoing considerations, I am of the opinion that the Workmen’s Compensation Act is unconstitutional. “Difficulties in the enforcement of the act which might be encountered cannot readily be Datu Matalabao’s Daughter Rakma Brings Cotabato Peace Allah is great, say the Moros, the Moham medan hordes of the southern Philippines, who, in tight silk breeches and gay roundabouts, for three centuries and more took keen delight in carving Christians with their deadly krises, barongs and kampilans, blessed by their preach ers or holy men, the panditas, and, in the absence of Christians, in carving one another. Allah, however, is great, and there will now be peace in Moroland—at least in Cotabato, the richest and largest province —where the kris has been buried and the agong stilled or atuned to the happy paeans of love. In short, a long feud has ended between the Sinsuats and the Matabalaos, the Capulets and the Montagues of Cotabato, in the marriage of Datu Sinsuat’s son, Datu Udin, to Datu Matabalao’s winsome daughter, Rakma. The feud was blcodier than the classic one in Shakespeare, and turned out happier—so far. Of course there are great risks to the episode yet, for instead of dying the young protagonists have been married. Anything may happen now; divorce more abrupt than a Reno decree . . . anything. Still, Datu Sinsuat has paid the dowry to Rakma, P3.000, and it’s pretty certain he will try hard to keep it in the family. Why talk of rain while the sun shines? With the Sinsuats and the Matabalaos, it was this way: Datu Sinsuat, as his name plainly implies, has, mingled with the blue blood of his Malay mother, the vulgar blood of his Chinese father, or maybe his Chinese grandfather, so his nobil ity is scotched; but, making up for this in a way, he is in favor with the American government and is reputed the richest datu in all Cotabato. Money talks, official position talks too, and Sinsuat is a special assistant of the provincial governor. On the other hand, Datu Matabalao is only the municipal district president of his town, Subpangan, and elected by the people. Having the privilege and failing to choose him, they would hear from it; so they voted for him, and attended his feasts. There’s no hint of a Chinese mercantile fortune in his name, and, according to his claims, the Moros always keeping careful THE MANILA HOTEL LEADING HOTEL IN THE ORIENT Designed and constructed to secure coolness, sanitation and comfort under tropic climatic conditions Provides every Western convenience combined with every Oriental luxury Finest Dance Orchestra in the Far East Management - - WALTER E. ANTRIM foreseen. Experience only may determine the ease of enforcement. I regard the Bureau of Labor as a total misfit in the act. “I do not believe that the act is capable of amendment. If a workmen’s compensation act is advisable, then I should say that it should be made applicable only to those industries to which attaches some probable degree of hazard that may reasonably be considered to be inherent in the designated industries. Com pulsory government or other industrial in surance should be required as a prerequisite to engaging in those industries and an industrial insurance commission should be created to administer the fund. The employer upon paying his insurance as an incident of business, then would be relieved of further responsibility in the premises, and the government itself, exercising its interest and concern for the well-being of its workers, could do full justice through its com mission.” records of these things, he is a direct descendant from the Arab Sariph Kabunsuan, who, tradi tion says, introduced Mohammedanism Cotabato in the 14th century. Datu balao is also unique in other ways. For in ance, he has but one wife, while his rank entitl s him to a well-stocked harem. And then, pping all. lie and his wife and all their childr have made the toilsome pilgrimage to t and have thus all earned the hierarchical! title of hadji. Datu Hadji Matabalao it is Long and sanguinary was the fe the spurious datu and the true, an folk thought it would never end families were exterminated. The clear sky, came the announcem young Datu Hadji Udin Rakma. Proposers had between Cotabato ntil both out of a that the i the lovely , they had manila 90-94 ESCOLTA PL MASONIC TEMPLE been invited into Datu Matabalao’s house, the customary feast had been served, and all had been finally arranged. The feud was over, and Datu Hadji Matabalao and Datu Sinsuat met, made up, and arranged the details. Datu Sinsuat didn’t relish the idea of parting with P3.000, but he was made to realize, through the medium of fables spun to suit the occasion by the proposers, that blue blood comes high even in these days of democracy; and he finally under wrote the figure. Then what a wedding there was! Its like was never known, even of old, and the ceremonies lasted three days. The groom was conveyed up the river in a flotilla of vintas, decorated in the gorgeous Moro colors—some made to re semble carabaos, others crocodiles, others the python, the cobra, etc., and all firing salvos of lantakas, giant firecrackers and the like, with the throbbing agongs constantly sounding. (Truth to tell, there was a lot of pagan Chinese business in this fluvial hubbub, the scaring of devils away and the frightening of evil spirits.) Hadji Ibrahim was there, in the biggest vinta of all, and he, a Mohammedan cleric of the highest rank, so stubborn in the faith that the tail of his vinta rudder stands forward, or upstream— just opposite to the rudder on a Christian craft! Hadji Ibrahim led the flotilla, exhausting the Koran with his prayers for the young couple. And there eight panditas staged an impromptu competition in reciting the folk-songs and sagas. One was a song of the vanquishing of the British, the wiping out of their trading post; and all were songs of tribal victories. Moros abstain from wine when it is red, but the old songs and the agongs, the tomtoms and the war dances, are quite enough to heat the blood. The groom alighted at the bride’s house, and men bore him ashore on a palanquin, whilst a retinue of bucks preceded him, in the terrify ing antics of the Moro sword dance. At last Datu Udin was at Rakma’s door, and the pan ditas purified him, anointing his hands and feet, and one, the most venerable, led him forWhy Mar Your Appearance? that are tastefully selected need not detract from your ap pearance, in fact they will add to it if chosen with discrimination. CLARK 8b COMPANY, Optometrists, have had a quarter of a century experience in successful eyeglass fitting. They are at your service. Always the best in quality but never higher in price IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 19 ward by the right hand. As they moved for ward, the old pandits offered counsel to Datu Udin, admonishing him to be a good and faithful husband to Rakma. In the improvised poems— every man in this land is a poet born!—Rakma's praises had been hymned: and in delicate cadences the groom had been advised to emulate the I o.iey bee, taking nectar from the rose without destroying its beauty, and not like the rude wind, seizing upon it and scattering its petals. Now they have entered Rakma’s house, where she waits in silken finery. The panditas lead Udin three times around her, then, with his right hand, he touches her nude breasts. This is like the Christian cere mony of the ring, the evidence of wedlock. Twenty women and twenty men were standing by as witnesses, with lighted candles. When Udin touched Rakma’s breasts, the witnesses passed the candles to the most distinguished guests of honor. Governor Gutierrez and Sultan sa Maguindanao, who extinguished them to signify that devils and evil spirits had all been vanquished and that happiness and properity would attend the union. Three days later, Datu Udin took Rakma to his father, Datu Sinsuat. who gave her the promised P3.000— feeling the while that he was another step above his plebeian ancestry. So there is peace in the valley, peace in the hills. Rakma’s patrician beauty brought it. For this story the Journal is indebted to the Philip pine Free Press.— Ed. C. W. FRANKS ON LEAVE C. W. Franks, secretary to the governor general, left Manila July 7 on the transport Grant for five months’ leave in the United States, after which he will return to Manila with Mrs. Franks, who has been for some time in Seattle with their daughters, Miss Sarah Margaret and Miss Tommy, who are taking their college work there. Old Woodcut Mining in Camarincs In April we journeyed with the first Fran ciscans in their evangelization of Laguna de Bay, and in May we turned aside to behold them as ardent agriculturists establishing the coffee industry in the Philippines. This month we go on with them to more missions in south eastern Luzon, after visiting San Pablo, the only town in old Batangas (though it is now in Laguna) they administered. As to Batangas province, “to the conversion of this province Friars Esteban Ortiz and Juan de Porras were designated in 1578, who founded the town of Balayan and some others, which afterwards were ceded to other orders for their administra tion.” The town of Balayan, dating from 1578, bears the name of the ancient province, now changed to Batangas. San Pablo. Augustinians founded this town, which was turned over by them to the Fran ciscans only in 1794, and the Augustinians built the church, a very old one, which Fray Pelegrin Prosper renovated in 1840. The chapel is by Fray Andres Cabrera, 1796, who also constructed important public works including the stone bridge over the Malamig river, while Prosper bridged the Malaonot in 1853, the town bearing the general expense and Prosper paying the master craftsmen. Mount Cristobal, or Malarayat, is a magnificent peak in the vicinity! only second to Mount Banahaw. It is sacrtd to the Franciscans as the penitential refuge of FrayJ Francisco Solier, 1605-1675, who had great fame in the church of the period, and an evan^el^a! Old Woodcut This first railroad train in the Philippines connected with the horsecars at Tondo and ran to Malabon career of 21 years in the Philippines. Early in this career he was vicar of Santa Clara convent, and among his parishes were Santa Ana de Sapa, Mauban, Sampaloc and Paete. The last three years of his life were spent as a wandering peni tent on the mighty slopes of San Cristobal. In this month’s excursion we shall meet no other grand characters such as he, save Plasencia, Oropesa and others whose acquaintance we have already made; and we shall journey rapidly from town to town in a very beautiful and very peaceful land, the bishopric of Nueva Caceres, AT YOUR SERVICE ! Accessibility is a cardinal requisite of I a complete banking service. In conse quence, the Peoples Bank and Trust Com pany marks the very heart of the com mercial district of Manila. For the individual, the business man or the corporation, every modern form of banking and trust company service is avail able. A conference is always welcomed. \ 4 ^2% on Savings Accounts We pay < I 5% on Fixed Deposits Peoples Bank and Trust Company “Your Bank” Capital fully paid - One Million Pesos N. E. MULLEN, President. I If the choice is I left to YOU......... i make it ROBERTSON’S j SCOTCH WHISKY j The mellow flavor | pleases most men j Served wherever good i drinks are the rule i Kuenzle & Streiff, Inc. Exclusive Distributors 343 T. Pinpin Tel. 2-39-36 :i IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 20 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 created in 1595 and named by the governor and captain general Don Francisco de Sande. About a year ago the Journal devoted the bulk of an entire issue to this region, particularly for the benefit of travelers, resident and visiting; to journey through this region is one of the most delightful outings imaginable. But having journeyed slowly and informatively then, now we hasten through the Franciscan towns, jotting down merely the essential data. Naga. Capital of Camarines Sur, home of Judge Robert E. Manly, provincial host par ex cellence, seat of the bishopric, and the metropolis of Bikolandia. Founded in 1578 by Frs. Pablo de Jesus and Bartolome Ruiz. The church is old, but Huerta does not give the date of it; the annual fiesta attracts thousands of devoted Catholics from all parts of the islands but espe cially from the Bikol region, believed often to have been blessed by the celebrated shrine. Nabua. Alonso Gimenez, Augustinian friar accompanying the Spanish conquistadores Goiti and Salcedo into this region in 1571-72, found Bornean chieftains ruling five neighboring ran cherias, Lupa, Caobnan, Bua or Nabua (the heart of the coconut), Binoyoan and Sabang; and during the little time he had he preached the faith of Christ and baptized some of the CHARTERED BANK OF INfJAo’ chuisntaralia Capital and Reserve Fund.................. ...................... £8,000,000 Reserve Liability of Proprietor..................................... 3,000,000 MANILA BRANCH ESTABLISHED 1872 SUB-BRANCHES AT CEBU, ILOILO AND ZAMBOANGA Every description of banking business transacted. Branches in every important town throughout India, China, Japan, Java, Straits Settlements, Federated Malay States, French Indo-China, Siam, and Borneo; also in New York. Head Office: 38‘Bishopsgate, London, E. C. chiefs and members of their families, erecting a rural shrine at Lupa, which then took the name, from the cross, Antacodos. In 1578, the Fran ciscans de Jesus and Ruiz united these five ran cherias into the town of Nabua, where they erect ed a timber church; but this and several others built successively of timber burned down, so that the masonry one dates only from 1698, being the work of Fray Gonzalo de San Bernardino and Fray Acasio de la Concepcidn, dedicated to the Santa Cruz. Bula. One of the first four towns founded by de Jesus and Ruiz in 1578; on flooded lands at first, then transferred to the present site. Wooden churches served until 1676, or for the matter of a century, and in 1698 Fray Tomas Calda built one with stone foundations which a baguio blew down in 1706, so that the masonry church dates from the first decade of the 18th century only. (The reader must bear in mind the revo lutions at the close of the 20th century, during which many churches were either destroyed or greatly damaged that were in prime condition when Huerta wrote in 1865. As the Journal has no practical means of ascertaining the state of these ancient edifices now, it can only be said that either a church still in daily use or a church in ruins will be found where Huerta places churches of permanent materials; and of course the ruins will be more picturesque and quite as fascinating bs the others.) Quipayo. By de Jesus and Ruiz again, 1578. Patroness, N. S. de la Concepcidn until 1659; then and since, San Roque. Church of stone and brick, 1616, by Fray Francisco Gaviria. Minalabag. Forgotten Franciscans founded this town about 1580-83 at a place called Inguinan which was frequently flooded, so that the town was soon removed to the present site. The church of timber and stone foundations burned in 1732, and another of stone with timher dimen sions burned in 1831 together with the parish house and a great part of the town. The new church was then built by Frs. Francisco Molinero and Juan de Toledo. Iriga. Formerly Iraga, meaning owners of much land, “which name was taken because its rulers were actually possessors of much terri tory.” Evangelization effected by de Jesus BABCOCK HEMP COPRA 8s TEMPLETON, INC. IMPORTERS—EXPORTERS MAGUEY PHILIPPINE PRODUCTS FINE LITHO AND PRINTING INKS CEBU NEW YORK MANILA and Ruiz, 1578, but no records of the first parish priest. Separated from Nabua in 1683. Patron, San Antonio de Padua. Fr. Diego de la Cruz built a masonry church in 1727, which burned in 1841, and Fr. Tomas de Alfafara built the new one. Milaor. Founded in 1585. Patron, San Jose. Frs. Juan del Sacramento and Jose de T. H. FRASER, nager. la Virgin built a masonry burned down m 1740, and one built by Fr. Francisco Of many towns establishe friars speak particularly moist lowlands, etc., maki ful; but this never seems work, for they go on fou 1735 which replaced by the los Santos in 1848. in this region the f the bad climate, the region unhealthdeter them in their ing towns, gathering Admiral Sfimner E. W. Kittelle Off to San Pedro Vice Admiral Sumner E. W. Kittelle. U.S.N. AGENTS FOR JOHN KIDD & Co., Ltd. London SAN FRANCISCO the scattered rancherias together for the purpose, and seeking the best sites available. Wherever they can, they establish infirmaries and hospitals. The work of these Franciscans was of course the forerunner of the now well organized public health service. Ligmanan. First missionaries, 1580; sepa rated from Quipayo, 1586. Up to 1851 com munication with other towns was entirely by water, but in that year Fray Bernardino Melendreras “opened a road communicating with the capital and other towns situated to the east, and at the same time directed the construction of four wooden bridges and one stone bridge along this road and providing a shorter route for the mails which had theretofore gone by the river.” This is mentioned as a typical achievement of the friars in the building of roads and bridges. America is doing much the same now, but only in the special provinces; as in Kalinga, where a new road to the capital has been built largely by voluntary labor, which the friars were always able to secure. Fray Pascual de la Cruz built the church, 1730; but the earlier one, also of masonry, dated from 1599. Canaman. First missionaries, 1578, Frs. de Jesus and Ruiz; separated from Naga, 1599 or earlier. The first stone church was built in 1669 by Fray Acasio de la Concepcidn, but the present one, of brick, dates only from 1842 and. was rebuilt by Fray Romualdo de Madridejos in 1845 and extensively repaired in 1853 by Fray Juan Ontiveros. “In this church the images of San Roque and San Vicente are venerated parVice-Admiral and Mrs. Sumner E. W. Kittelle left Ma nila late in June for the admiral’s new station at San Pedro, where he will be in command, after two years at Cavite as commandant of the 16th U. S. naval district. Their children who were with them in the Philippines accompanied them to America. There the family can be frequently together, for there are other children already in school there—otherwise Admiral Kittelle said he would be content to spend the rest of his days in the Philippines, these islands he had learned to love. Under his command Cavite boomed as a naval station. Work proceeding under Lieutenant R. R. Yeats as engineer officer, a modern hospital rose on the site of the old one and modern quarters for the staff were built. Many improve ments were also made in the yards and on the docks and at Olongapo. The station was equal to the emergency when the marines for China were landed. Admiral Kittelle had a proper conception of the real importance of the insular naval stations, and when given the money he believed in using it. His dynamic character made him many friends and admirers here and he and Mrs. Kittelle were the recipients of many honors prior to their departure. The islands wish them like success at San Pedro. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 21 ticularly by the parishioners, who attribute to them many marvelous works.” Buhi. Meaning, escape from danger. “Before the coming of the Spaniards, a numerous family dwelt on a small mountain called Lignion between Albay Viejo and the town of Cagsaua, obtaining water for their necessities from a spring where there was such a malignant snake that his repeated and venomous strikes were carrying ofT the family one by one, until only two brothers were left. This is the tradition. These brothers fled from the place and established themselves on a mountain called Riquit, near a small lake between the towns of Malinao and Polangui. Here they gathered others around them and established the town of Buhi.” Frs. de Jesus and Ruiz came to Buhi in 1578 and converted the inhabitants, but “on January 4. 1641, a day memorable for the eruption of all the volca noes then known in this archipelago at the same hour, in Camarines a great mountain inhabited by infidels was submerged, and in its place ap peared a beautiful lake, to whose borders the people of Buhi were attracted by the benefits of which they had report: and since that time it has been known as Laguna (lake) de Buhi.” This is merely one more miracle in the age of faith; they were miracles because they were believed to be such: and the chroniclers in the monasteries were glad to record them, and the missionaries in the rude provinces pleased to be reinspired by them. In this age they are nothing but natural phenomena, but this age is different. Buhi had only wooden churches until 1730, when Fray Jose de la Cerda built a stone one dedicated Christmas eve, 1735. Patron, San Antonio de Padua. Sarigay. This mission was founded in 1648, but there was no regular minister until 1690, when Fray Pedro Perona was sent there. When Huerta wrote in 1865 there was no permanent church building, and perhaps there is none today. “All the houses are very miserable.” Lupi. First missionary, “the fervent zealot Fray Juan de la Hoz,” 1701. Separated from Ligmanan, 1726. “The church, dedicated to our glorious protomartyr of Japan, San Pedro Bautista, is of bamboo and nipa, very miserable, as is also the parish house." Thus Huerta in 1865 and thus, doubtless, the visitor’s investiga tions today. Manguirin. A queer story, which we shall translate from Huerta’s pages: “This mission was commenced in 1701, at which time the inde fatigable zealot Fray Matias de Valdesoto plant ed the tree of the Cross, here as well as in many other rancherias on high Mount Isaroc. On February 4, 1733, the order to nominate a gobernadorcillo was issued, and in 1754, because of seven religious having been ill at this station, five of them dying; it was decided to transfer the town to a site called Himuragat, which was done by Fray Esteban Gascuena in 1756; but in the following year, 1757, all the parishioners aban doned their priest and went up into the mountain. Here they remained until 1762, when Fray Antonio Bisquer reunited them into a pueblo on the condition that he would settle them once more at the old site of Manguirin, which he did.” Here is the Filipino’s love of home, together with the early friars’ adaptability to circum stances, and their willingness to face all dangers, even those of plagues intense enough to carry away five out of a group of seven. The disease was probably malaria. When Huerta wrote Manguirin had no permanent church building. Tigaon. Fray Matias de Maldesoto estab lished this mission in 1 and the first parish priest was Fray Antonj^Tadeo Morales, station ed there in 1729. IluC.ta “ was no permanent fiurch building. Goa. From ' ' * Goa in India. _________ ___J Valdesoto, 170X; first minister, Fray Juan Ca tala, 1729. permanent hen Huerta wrote there famous Christian citadel, stablished by Fray Matias de hen Huerta wrote there was no Fiurch building. The first church se dedicated to San Francisco the in 1812 the patroness was N. S. de Concepcidn. ext/month’s excursion will be another day same journey through Camarines and REAL ESTATE By P. D. CARMAN San Juan Heights Addition May was another good month. All totals in 1928 have been over the million peso mark with January over two million pesos. The following are figures, January to May in clusive, for the past five years: 1924, P5,337,373: 1925, P6.011,542; 1926, P5,469,699; 1927, ?4,817,846; 1928, P7,311,246. Binondo........................... San Nicolas......... Tondo........................ Sta. Cruz........................ Sarnpaloc......................... San Miguel.................. Quiapo.............................. Sta. Mesa....................... Sta. Ana.......................... Pandacan........................ Paco.................................. Malate....................... Ermita.............................. Intramuros................... P 244,500 327,000 74,025 344,833 49,056 14,280 49,316 10,800 102,582 107,350 68,000 129,050 28,000 May. 19’8 P 99,750 58,220 150,962 208,246 461,500 24,200 16,150 27.500 54.500 63,067 47,984 64.500 FIRESTONE Tire service not only gives you full value for every peso expended—it also gives you thousands of additional miles to each set of FIRESTONE Gum Dipped Tires. Gum-Dipping eliminates friction and adds mileagt. FIRESTONE service—expert repairs, proper inflajnon, steam-welded FIRESTONE tubes—will aid youXo get Most Miles Per Pesl Pl,548,792 Pl,276,579 May 19’8 June 19’8 Binondo............................... P 99,750 --------San Nicolas........................ ............ P 18,000 Tondo................................. 58,220 56,556 Sta. Cruz............................. 150,962 234,065 Sarnpaloc............................. 208,246 52,001 San Miguel......................... 51,500 Quiapo................................ 461,500 19,300 Sta. Mesa............................ 24,200 1,632 Sta. Ana.......................... 16,150 193,475 Pandacan............................ 27,500 1,757 Paco...................................... 54,500 49,028 Malate....................................... 63,067 71,410 Ermita....................................... 47,984 60,767 Intramuros.......................... 64,500 --------Tirestone Gum-Dipped Balloons Pacific Commercial Company Firestone Distributors Pl,276,579 P809.491 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 22 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 Haphazard Studies in the English Language—III "Mercy but murders, pardoning those that kill," said Shakespeare, achieving at once a felicitous expression in English and sanction for obduracy in entertaining criminals’ petitions for executive clemency. Maybe Governor Stimson knows the line. Do you? What play? Yes, Romeo and Juliet. The Duke says it, banish ing his son Romeo. But the reason he says it so tersely, and therefore eloquently, is because Shakespeare had mastered words: not grammar, for this in him was fourth-form at most, but merely words, their meanings. “Words learned by rote, a parrot may re hearse," a lesser than Shakespeare said, with didactic truth equal to the Avon bard’s sound psychology; but words learned by rote are learned by sound, and the mind is more readily capable of learning them by sense. Last month the notes in this department were on the ownership and use of a thesaurus of the English language. This month’s notes, in extension, refer to that lesser book, but not less essential, the dictionary. It seems prosaic to study the dictionary, used by most people only to verify spelling, but interest in the pursuit of any subject is of the measure of the primary impulse. If one have a real desire to widen his knowledge of English, the means to that end do not bore him. Still, there are various methods of studying even a dictionary. Preferring the haphazard method, as one prefers anything to boredom, the dictionary is opened at random and a column scanned for friends, acquaintances, and strangers. The friends, very familiar words, are passed with a nod; the acquaintances, less familiar, but coming gradually into the friendly circle, claim a moment’s more attention. Where, one asks himself, would this or that word have suited better than the one used? He may thereupon recall an awkward phrase, his own or another’s, repeat it mentally as originally made up, and then with the substitution effected. He thus enters into a mental debate with him self: that is, he reasons about it. Is meaning gained, is something sacrificed? Reflection makes him new friends among words, in his subsequent reading he recognizes them and takes involuntary note of how others are using them. It is this involuntary apperception that counts. The strangers at last, the words new to one’s mind. Beware of these strangers, their blandish ments are deceptive: they may look and even sound a great deal better than they really are. For dealing with them, the messenger has been asked to copy from two different pages of the office dictionary two columns of words: J*. PACIFIC A muslin muslinet musomania musquet mul?ole° musrol Mussulman Mussulmanish Mussulmanism Mussulmanly deprecate deprecatingly deprecative deprecatively deprecator deprecatory depreciate depreciation depreciatory depredable depredate depredate depredation depredator depredatory depredicate deprehend deprehensible deprehensibler deprehension mustache mustachio mustachioed mustaiba USE the Canadian Pacific Route to Europe and dispose of all the troublesome details that usually arise out of a 10,000 mile overseas journey. When you travel Canadian Pacific there is only one transaction — the initial one between our agent and you. Your trip across the Pacific, across Canada, and across the Atlantic is made on Canadian Pacific ships and trains; your stopovers at Canadian Pacific hotels. <_/■ t One ticket One service The utmost in speed and comfort. Quite a few words, yet the eye sorts them quickly. Few of the strangers are worth a second glance. Dismiss Muslim, for Moslem is preferred. Accept, however, an introduction to musomania, from musicomania, in this syncopathic (!) age it will come in handy— “a kind of monomania in which the passion for music becomes so strong as to derange the intel lectual faculties.” Musrol and musrole went out with horses’ bridles, hostlers and cavaliers knew them. Musitation for murmuring is obsolete. Beware of strangers. One is not seeking to adorn his vocabulary, but to grace it. The musts are friends, but the line from Wyclif illustrating must, “the expressed juice of the grape,” smells pleasantly of old English inns: These men ben full of must! All friends in the de’s column save deprehend, a slight acquaintance through the courtesy of apprehend. Well, as apprehend has varied applications, deprehend is worth a handshake. So pass ten minutes with the dictionary. Ob serving the caution concerning strangers, one may open it as often as he likes—always to his decided advantage. But he must prize most what he} already possesses, and determine to add to it with the utmost discrimination.—W. R. IT’S HARVEY & O’BRIEN NOW CANADIAN PACIFIC 14-16 CALLE DAVID, MANILA, P. I. WORLD’S GREATEST TRAVEL SYSTEM9* Upon his retirement from the court of first instance of Manila June 30, Judge George R. Harvey formed a law partnership with Attorney S. W. O’Brien. He is still to be with us, as the Journal had hoped; he will be a pillar of the community. The firm, which was Crossfield and O’Brien to the time of Judge Crossfield’s death early this year, is now Harvey and O’Brien, with a spacious suite of offices on the fifth floor of the Masonic Temple overlooking the Pasig. Judge Harvey has already begun practicing law in Manila and Mrs. Hdrvey is coming to Manila within a month or two from her visit in America. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 23 Poets Hymn Them! “Sublime tobacco! Which from east to west Cheers the tar’s labor or the Turkman’s rest. Like other charmers, wooing the caress, More dazzling when daring in full dress. Yet thy true lovers moie admire by far, Thy naked beauties—give me a cigar!” —Lord Byron in “The Island.’’ ^Manila Cigars “MANILA CIGARS,” which are HAND-MADE LONG FILLER, are a product which both the wholesaler and the retailer can depend upon for profit. To the wholesaler, “MANILA CIGARS” offer quick turns-over. To the retailer, this product is a repeater. Such results are made possible by the combination of good qualities of Philippine leaf tobacco seldom found in other tobacco. A pleasing taste, delicate aroma, and even burn are inherent in the selected tobacco used, grown in the Cagayan Valley which is annually fertilized by Nature by the overflowing of the Cagayan River. The more one smokes “MANILA CIGARS,” the surer he is of this product’s un excelled qualities. There are “MANILA CIGARS” of all shapes and classes which offer wonderful values. List of Distributors Furnished on Request Address: CHARLES A. BOND Philippine Tobacco Agent 15 William Street, New York City, U. S. A. or THE COLLECTOR OF INTERNAL REVENUE Manila, P. I. “Yes, social friend, I love thee well, In learned doctor’s spite; Thy clouds all other clouds dispel And lap me in delight.” —Charles Sprague’s “To My Cigar.’’ IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 24 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 SHIPPING REVIEW By J. E. GARDNER. Jr. General Agent. The Robert Dollar Company As the 1927-28 sugar season is practically fin ished, the volume of cargo exported from the Philippines during May shows a distinct de crease, there being a total of 111,182 tons as against 148,832 tons exported the previous month. Other cargo, however, is moving free ly, shipments of cigars and desiccated coconut being especially good. The Associated Steamship Lines have recently voted to increase rates 10% effective January 1, 1929. This increase is due primarily to the excessive increases in cost of handling, due to the recently enacted Workmen’s Compensation Act. That Manila will continue to increase in importance as a shipping port is evidenced by recent announcements from various steamship lines covering n^w tonnage now building or contemplated. The Canadian Pacific Railway THE YOKOHAMA SPECIE BANK • LTD. ================================= (ESTABLISHED 1880) HEAD OFFICE: YOKOHAMA, JAPAN Yen Capital (Paid Up) - - - - 100,000,000.00 Reserve Fund .... 99,500,000.00 Undivided Profits - 7,223,536.48 MANILA BRANCH 34 PLAZA CERVANTES, MANILA K. YABUKI Manager PHONE 2-37-59—MANAGER PHONE 2-37-58—GENERAL OFFICE Company have announced that they are procteding with the construction of a new liner to replace the Empress of Australia in the trans pacific service. This vessel will be similar to the Empress of Canada, but various improve ments will be worked in construction, making her even a finer vessel. This will enable the Canadian Pacific to have fortnightly sailings from Manila. The Hamburg-America Line are building five combined freight and passenger vessels which will be single screw, diesel motor ships, with a speed of 14 knots. They will have a cargo capacity of 10,000 tons. These ships are in tended for the Germany-Far East run and are expected to reduce the time between Hamburg and Manila to 43 days. The N. Y. K. have three fine passenger vessels now under construction in Japan, to be com pleted during 1929, for the San FranciscoHongkong trans-pacific service. They will be 560 feet long, 16,500 gross tons and will have accommodations for 200 first class passengers, 100 second class and 400 steerage. While no definite announcement has been made that_ Manila will be included as a port of call, there seems to be a good possibility that this will materialize. From statistics compiled by the Associated Steamship Lines, there were exported from the Philippines during the month of May, 1928: To China and Japan ports, 13,430 tons, with a total of 42 sailings, of which 7,365 tons were carried in American bottoms with 11 sailings; to Pacific coast for local delivery 22,538 tons with 12 sailings, of which 15,066 tons were carried in American bottoms with 8 sailings; to Pacific coast for transhipment 2,842 tons with 10 sailings, of which 2,768 tons were carried in American bottoms with 7 sailings; to Atlantic coast 51,157 tons with 13 sailings, of which 12,174 tons were carried in American bottoms with 3 sailings; to European ports 20,225 tons with 18 sailings, of which 175 tons were carried in Amer ican bottoms with 2 sailings; to Australian ports 990 tons with 3 sailings, of which American bottoms carried none; or a grand total of 111,182 tons with 67 sailings, of which American bottoms carried 37,548 tons with 12 sailings. Passenger traffic as a whole during the month of May showed a decrease over that of April, there being a total of 2,400 passengers, all classes, departing from the Philippines; however, steer age passengers to Honolulu during the month showed a decided increase, there being 1,258 traveling during May while 618 traveled during April. First figure represents cabin passengers, second figure steerage: To China and Japan 162-318; to Pacific coast 60-562; to Honolulu 4-1258; to Straits Settlements 11-14; to Me diterranean ports 10-1. SHIPPING PERSONALS Captain T. A. Ensor, who is relieving A. G. Henderson of the Manila office, has been elected vice-president of the Roosevelt Steamship Agency, Inc. N. V. Carlson, Accountant for The Robert Dollar Co., Manila, joined the ranks of the benedicts when he took Miss Mary Stoller of Kansas City as his bride on July 2. We extend best wishes to them both. R. C. Morton, director for Orient, United States Shipping Board, returned to Manila June 21 aboard the s. s. President Jackson from Hongkong, where he met his daughter, Miss Alice Morton, who was enroute from the United States. Miss Morton has recently graduated from the University of California. T. B. Wilson, general agent for the Dollar Steamship Line at Hongkong and formerly with the Manila office, is expected to visit Manila August 6 before going to the United States on leave. Mr. Wilson has a host of friends in Manila who will be very happy to see him. G. M. Violet, formerly with The Robert Dollar Co., San Francisco, arrived in Manila May 24 aboard the s. s. President Lincoln to join the Manila staff in the capacity of freight solicitor. A. Yates, far eastern manager of the Prince Line with headquarters at Hongkong, arrived in Manila July 5 aboard the Chinese Prince and returned to Hongkong July 7 aboard the s. s. President McKinley. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 25 Manila Cordage Co. P. O. Box 131 Manila, P. I. ABOUT THE NEXT NUMBER August 13 will be the 30th anniversary of the American occupation of Manila or the inception of the American regime. As usual, the Journal plans something extra for this month; if its patronage is commensurate with its plans, subscribers will have in the August issue the worth of their year’s subscription. For one thing, the August issue will contain an historical account and technical description of the walls of Manila and of the citadel, Fort Santiago, including the inscriptions above the gates in Spanish with the English translations. This article will be illustrated with pictures of the gates. Unearthed from early Army records, the article is without doubt the best popular text extant on old Manila’s military architec ture; it is something that everyone who has ever visited Manila will wish to read and keep. It is especially valuable to Manilans, it should be a text in the hands of all history teachers in the islands. Another feature of the August Journal (as planned now) will be Dr. David P. Barrows’s sketch of the office of Governor-General. The object inducing the publication of such a piece is twofold: for younger business men it serves as a competent introduction to the government here, an explanation of how and why it works; and, second, the piece will refresh the memory of older Manilans and at the same time constitute a recapitulation of both the Spanish and Amer ican periods. With the Barrows article will be pictures showing changes, social and material, since 1898, and with the article on the walled city a map of the town as it stood in 1660 when, about to be attacked by the notorious Coxinga, twelve churches were torn down in order that their materials might reinforce the walls. TOWLINE BRAND High Quality Pure Manila Rope CROWN BRAND Good Quality Pure Manila Rope PLOW BRAND Mixed Fiber Rope Low in Price DRAGON BRAND Made of Pure Philippine Maguey Ask for Prices Manila to New York via Suez and Europe See the Old World on your trip home. Stops of several days in many ports. You can travel through Europe and catch our boat for New .York via Southampton, England, at Bremen. “The Most Interesting Trip In The World.” NORDDEUTSCHER LLOYD Zuellig & von Knobelsdorff Agents 90 Rosario. Manila Phone 22324 AMERICAN MAIL LINE DOLLAR STEAMSHIP LINE COMBINED TRANSPACIFIC SERVICE SAILING ONCE A WEEK The “President” Liners Offer Speed—Service—Courtesy—Comfort Excellent Food, Comfortable Cabins, Broad Decks, American Orchestra, Dancing, Swimming Pool, Sports SAILING ONCE A WEEK TO SAN FRANCISCO ROUND THE WORLD VICTORIA AND AND LOS ANGELES President Adams July 18 SEATTLE via President Garfield Aug. 1 via Hongkong, Shanghai, Kobe, President Harrison - Aug. 15 Hongkong, Shanghai, Kobe. Yokohama, and Honolulu President Monroe Aug. 29 and Yokohama President Wilson Sept. 12 SAILINGS President Van Buren Sept. 26 SAILINGS ON ON ALTERNATE FRIDAYS Sailings every fortnight ALTERNATE SATURDAYS 24 Calle David MANILA Telephone No. 2-24-41 TN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 26 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 JUNE SUGAR REVIEW By George H. Fairchild New York Market (Spot):—The depression in the American sugar market reported in the previous month con tinued during the month under review with a further decline in the level of sugar values. After small parcels of Cubas for present ship ment were sold on the 4th inst. at 2-5/8 cents c. and f. (4.40 cents 1. t.) prices declined to 4.27 cents and 4.30 cents 1. t. for Porto Rican sugar in the latter part of the first week of the month in spite of the rumor current to the effect that the Cuban committee intended withdraw ing for sale to foreign countries 300,000 tons allocated to the United States, the decree for which was signed by the President of Cuba on the 13th inst. The level of prices at this time a year ago was 3-1/6 cents c. and f. for Cubas or 4.83 cents 1. t., demonstrating the extent to which present values of sugar have declined. Owing to the accumulation of stocks in the Atlantic coast and pressure to sell distressed parcels, just arrived or nearly due, to avoid warehouse and lighterage charges, and rumors to the effect that the next milling season in Cuba would open on December 15 instead of on Jan uary 15 as in recent years and that the next crop would be from 4,750,000 to 5,000,000 tons, prices declined to 4.21 cents 1. t. for Porto Rico sugar during the second week of the month. Due to a better tone in the American sugar market during the third week, the demand for refined sugar having improved, sales for Porto Ricos were effected at prices ranging between 4.30 cents and 4.33 cents 1. t. This improve ment continued during the last week of the month, prices advancing on the 26th to 2-5 '8 cents c. and f. or 4.40 cents 1. t. for Cubas for present shipment. With the reduction in the prices for refined sugar on the 25th inst. from 6.00 cents to 5.80 cents, buying was stimulated to such an extent that the refiners advanced their prices on the following day to 5.90 cents. At the close of the month, however, prices re verted to 4.36 cents 1.1. for Porto Rican sugar. It is interesting to note that Cuban holders refused to sell at the reduced current price during the month, which attitude, if continued, should result in an improvement in prices, since the U. S. consumers are now wholly dependent upon Cuban supplies for the balance of their requirements this year, the supplies of Philippine sugar and Porto Rican sugar being now almost exhausted. In this connection it is gratifying to note that the European consumption for the past seven months showed an increase of 325,000 tons indicating that Europe will absorb addi tional quantities of the Cuban exportable sur plus, thereby relieving the already large accumu lation of stocks at the Atlantic seaboard. Stocks:—The world’s stocks at the end of the month were 3,859,000 tons as compared with 3,546,000 tons in 1927 and 3,976,000 tons in 1926. Futures.—The quotations for future deliv eries in the New York Exchange declined and fluctuated in sympathy with the spot market. What effect the removal of restriction on the next Cuban crop upon the future values of raw sugar will greatly depend upon the size of the Cuban crop next season. The following table shows the fluctuations in the quotations in the New York Exchange during the month under review: High Low Latest July................... ... 2.63 2.40 2.50 September........ ... 2.74 2.55 2.62 December........ ... 2.83 2 66 2.73 January............ . .. 2.79 2.64 2.71 March............... ... 2.76 2.62 2.66 May................... ... 2.83 2.69 2.73 Philippine Sales:—Philippine centrifugal sales in the Atlantic coast during the month under review amounted to 32,000 tons effected at prices ranging from 4.21 cents 1. t. to 4.52 cents 1. t. Local Market:—Only insignificant parcels of centrifugals were sold in the local market during the month under review. These parcels were mostly for local consumption and sold at prices ranging from Pl0.25 to Pl0.50 per picul, at which basis very small quantities exchanged hands. The market for muscovados was quiet with an unchanged price at P7.50 per picul for No. 1. Philippine Crop Prospects:—With only two centrals still grinding, the Victorias Milling Co. and North Negros Sugar Co., both ©n the island of Negros, the actual returns received from the various centrals for the 1927-1928 crop aggre gate 567,000 tons or 6% over that of the 1926-27 crop. The production of the individual centrals for the 1927-1928 crop as compared with the previous crop is shown in the table below. So far the weather has been favorable for the cane in the various districts of the Islands. On the island of Negros the dry season was favorable to good germination since during the months of May and June there were no. long continued rains and no standing water in the fields. Judging by the present appearance of the cane the crop prospects are favorable. The favorable weather reports from Negros apply equally to the conditions on Luzon. The 19.?7-19># 19.’6-19’7 Centrals on Negros Piculs Met. Tons Piculs Met. Tons Bacolod-Murcia Milling Co.......................... 529,804 33,510 572,743 36,226 Binalbagan Estate, Inc.................................... 495,218 31,323 553,012 34,978 Central Azucarera de Bais............................. 395,964 25,045 348,079 22,016 Central Azucarera de La Cariota............... 884,612 55,952 895,936 56,668 Central Azucarera de Danao........................ 40,092 2,536 4,996 316 Central Bearin..................................................... 158,744 10,041 162,593 10,284 Central Palma..................................................... 119,300 7,546 132,790 8,399 De la Rama Central (Bago)......................... 47,430 3,000(x) 52,490 3,320(x) De la Rama Central (Talisay).................... 11,067 700(x) 12,520 792(x) Hawaiian-Philippine Co.................................. 548,236 34,676 680,869 397,929 43,065 Isabela Sugar Co., Inc..................................... 424,994 26,881 25,169 Lopez Milling Co.............................................. 60,000 3,795(x) — ------(a) Ma-ao Sugar Central Co................................ 512,087 32,390 526,498 33,301 North Negros Sugar Co.................................. 490,118 31,000(i) 422,780 26,738 San Carlos Milling Co..................................... 461,067 29,162 451,747 28,573 San Isidro Central............................................ 144,480 9,138 124,174 7,854 Talisay-Silay Milling Co................................ 461,247 29,174 560,822 35,472 Victorias Milling Co......................................... 411,067 26,000(i) 407,036 25,745 Total production on Negros................. 6,195,527 391,869 6,307,014 398,916 Centrals on Luzon Bataan Sugar Co............................................... 15,180 960 6,498 411 Calamba Sugar Estate..................................... 475,177 30,055 392,047 24,797 Central Carmen.................................................. 51,866 3,281 39,099 2,473 Central Don Pedro............................................ 112,675 7,127 13,122 830 Central Luzon Milling Co.............................. 173,927 11,001 64,696 4,092 Luzon Sugar Company................................... 62,383 3,946 43,730 2,766 Mabalacat Sugar Co......................................... 47,060 2,977 60,000 3,795(x) Nueva Ecija Sugar Mills, Inc...................... 6,736 426 426 27 Pampanga Sugar Development Co............. 599,359 37,909 480,522 30,393 Pampanga Sugar Mills.................................... 763,594 48,297 645,154 40,806 Pangasinan Sugar Co....................................... 4,371 276 — ------(a) Philippine Sugar Estates Development Co. 49,000 3,099 47,430 3,000(x) Phoenix Central.................................................. 31,620 2,000(x) 31,490 l,992(x) Total production on Luzon.................. 2,392,948 151,354 1,824,213 115,382 Centrals on Panay Asturias Sugar Central.................................... 174,368 11,029 179,937 11,381 Central Azucarera de Pilar............................ 106,332 6,725 60,000 3,795 Total production on Panay.................. 280,700 17,754 239,937 15,176 Central on Mindoro Mindoro Sugar Co............................................. 95,383 6,033 84,126 5,321 Central on Cebu Cebu Sugar Co................................................... 6,140 388 — ------(a) Total Production in P. 1........................1 8,970,698 567,398 8,455,290 534,795 (x) Estimated. (i) Still grinding; latest estimate. (a) Not yet operating; then under construction. cane fields in the various districts on Luzon present an exceptional stand of cane which is mainly due to the favorable weather but more particularly to the large amounts of fertilizers. Where substantial quantities of fertilizer have not been seasonably and properly applied, not withstanding the favorable weather, the appear ance of the unfertilized cane is notably inferior to that of the fertilized areas. Provided no exceptional change in the weather in the next few months, such as destructive typhoons and floods, the next crop should equal if not exceed the previous crop. Philippine Exports:—Exports of sugar from the Philippines for the 1927-1928 crop, from November, 1927, to June 24, 1928, amounted to 513,821 metric tons, particulars of which follow: 19’7 Cfwl's MuscoRefine.1 Total November.. 14,101 506 69 14,676 December.. 55,455 — 172 55,627 1918 January.. . . 85,123 643 405 86,171 February. . 74,643 3,350 380 78,373 March......... 67,578 11,545 754 79,877 April........... 81,785 5,784 582 88,151 May............. 45,060 6,122 920 52,102 June............. 51,618 6,483 743 58,844 Total.. . . 475,363 34,433 4,025 513,821 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMNETS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 27 Java Market:—Influenced by the American sugar market, the Java market was on the whole quiet and dull during the month under review. Recent quotations for Superiors are: Spot, Gs. 14-1/4 or P7.70 per P. I. picul; July-Aug. shipment, Gs. 14 or P7.57 per P. I. picul. European Prospects:—The Journal des Fabricants de Sucre of Paris for May 26, 1928, writes as follows on the prospects of the sugar beet sowings in Europe: Definite figures as to sowings are still not available, and we have to record a few changes in previous estimates. For in stance, no less an authority than the Raffinerie Tirlemontoise had told us that sow ings in Belgium would be equal to last year, if not larger; but if present estimates circulated are exact, there will be quite an appreciable difference 65,000 hectares, com pared with 71,000 last year. On the other hand, Poland sends advices of a 5 per cent increase over last year, at 208,000 hectares; so the long and the short of it will be, that decreases in some coun tries will be compensated for in others, and final production depends as usual, on the weather. There has recently been proposed in the British parliament a decrease in the English duties on raw sugar. Whether or not this will have a favorable effect upon the Cuban sugar remains to be seen. It is interesting to note that accord ing to the new schedule the duty on 96 centri fugal is about 1.76 cents per lb. or equal that of the U. S. tariff on Cuban sugar. THE RICE INDUSTRY By Percy A. Hill Director, Hire I’r„lue,rs’ Assoriutlu /J As previously pointed out, prices of both rice and palay have taken a rise, due to the reduc tion of the bodega con gestion in Manila. Prices quoted at most termi nals for palay range from P3.10 to P3.25 per cavan, with rice from P7.00 to P8.30 according to grades. There will be a slight rise over these prices, it is expected, as the sup ply becomes lower. Furthermore, there is not that large carry-over held for impossible prices which was on hand last year. At the present time, due to favoring weather, the preparations for the new crop are well under way, planting has in fact begun earlier this year than in any on record since 1903. The area is expected to be increased slightly in Nueva Ecija, the premier rice-growing province, and reduced in others which have taken up sugar in spite of economic threats, but the exact area will not be ascertained until much later. The trend of rice shipments during the last month show what we have repeatedly pointed out, that the center of the industry has long left Pangasinan and centered in Nueva Ecija. There need be no worry over the irregular shipments from the rice region as the congesting during the first six months of this year has filled many of the distributing centers with an ample supply. There has been a tendency for the stored palay to drift to the terminals since the price has advanced, but as we estimated a decrease of about seven or eight million cavans in last crop which was cut in half by the carry-over of last year, the sum total of supply seems to be ade quate for subsistence needs without much im portation. Shipments were reported as follows last month: Bulacan, 16,706 sacks; Pampanga, 11,318; Pan gasinan, 19,360; Tarlac, 27,309, and Nueva Ecija 158,303 sacks. Other provinces none, all being required for local consumption. TOBACCO REVIEW Alhambra Cigar and Cigarette Manufacturing Co. Raw Leaf: The export volume, especially as far as European countries are concerned, maintains a satisfactory level. Shipments to the United States constitute in the larger part scraps and cigar cuttings. In addition to the 2,021,131 kilos of leaf tobacco and scraps, as per statistics below, there were also exported .about 41,000 kilos of waste tobacco (stems) to China and the United States, for use in the manufac ture of fertilizer. FAST FREIGHT ACROSS AMERICA You will profit by the extraordinary care given your shipment on the Great Northern. The service is un usually fast, dependable and prompt between the Pacific Northwest Ports of Entry and Minneapolis, St. Paul, Chicago, New York and other Eastern Points. For your accommodation the services of our Import and Export Offices located at 411 Douglas Bldg., Seattle, 79 West Monroe St., Chicago, 233 Broadway, New York, are offered without charge. Consult them freely and save worry and expense. M. J. Costello Western Traffic Manager Kilos 1,634 23,295 845,333 62,292 54 1,033 39,443 912,456 725 130,916 ____ 3,950 2,021,131 port to the United States during 50% above the May, 1928, figure Country—• Australia.......... China................ Czechoslovakia, Hongkong........ Indochina......... North Africa. . . North Atlantic (Europe), Spain...................... Straits Settlemen United States. Uruguay... Total. . Cigars: June is ab _ _ ___. - _______ _ _____ _____ and almost double the volume of the correspond ing p of 1927. Shipments to China still leave ch to be desired, due mostly to political ainty in the North. mparative figures for Cigar shipments to United States are as follows: June 1928, about 18,000,000; May 1928, 2.012.200- t—'a 1927, 9.318,910. June shipments abroad of leaf tobacco and scraps were as follows- / In the grades of tobacco used locally, only relatively small transactions at low pricZs have been reported. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 28 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 RAIL COMMODITY MOVEMENTS By M. D. Royer Traffic Manager, Manila Railroad Company The following commodities were received in Manila May 26, 1928, to June 25, 1928, both inclusive, via Manila Railroad: 1928 June Rice, cavans....................... 249,125 Sugar, piculs...................... 13,216 Tobacco, bales................... 30,960 Copra, piculs..................... 132,850 Coconuts.............................. 2,895,200 Lumber, B. F.................... 631,800 Desiccated coconuts, cases 20,254 May 210,750 112,896 8,520 102,700 2,687,710 477,900 19,680 LUMBER: APRIL AND MAY By Arthur F. Fischer Director of Forestry tion which must take place. Lumber shippers to Japan must, therefore, look forward to a decreased market, or give longer credit terms. Lumber shipments are going forward to con tinental European countries and as soon as Philippine lumber and timber are better known there, it will absorb the differences due to the falling off of exports to Australia and Japan. American market conditions are good and will probably reflect a slight difference due to the presidential elections. Confidence in business in the United States is good and this slight reflec tion should be practically unnoticeable to the general trade. The lack of financial support on the part of the government in technological research on Philippine timber and lumber is becoming evi dent in foreign markets. Buyers are requesting information when buying, similar to the informa tion given out on timbers of the United States, Great Britain and other countries. The work on wood research for commercial purposes, carried on in tropical timber of Eu ropean countries, is such that unless our local timbers are studied and information is made available, odious comparisons will be made by competitors in foreign fields and a gradual creep ing in of present little-known woods are liable to replace in time Philippine timbers in certain foreign markets. The export figures during the period covered by this review are as follows: 1928 1927 April and May April and May Destination--------------------------------------------- - ------------Bd. Ft. Value Bd. Ft. Value United States.. . China........ Japan........ Australia. Hongkong Italy........ Guam.. . . France . . Netherl’ds Belgium.. 6,137,400 2,564,352 1,860,936 811,536 775,920 376,512 33,920 21,200 5,088 P522.678 64,192 56,065 34,816 3,638 716 5,539,135 66,992 2,590,216 573,248 496,080 12,720 62,328 35,192 48,336 P473.079 3,957 138,725 46,851 50,968 834 6,417 3,250 3,614 Total......... 12,586,864 P987.027 9,424,248 P727.695 1 Conditions obtaining in the local lumber mar kets were just as favor able during the months of April and May as in the first quarter of the year. One of the larger local lumbermen said that the demand was so heavy that he was un able to fill all the orders of his customers and that during the month of May the Manila lumber dealers experi enced some difficulty in supplying the local de mand. This was undoubtedly due to the fact that building activities were at their height during this time. Manila prices have gone up from 5 to 10 pesos 'per thousand. Reports from 33 sawmills indicate a greater production than for similar period of last year, but lack of bottoms prevented these mills from shipping the lumber to the Manila market. The total production of these mills for the months covered by this review amounted to slightly more than 32,000,000 board feet as compared with 29,000,000 board feet for the same period of last year while lumber shipment totalled 31,686,000 board feet ascompared with 29,210,000 board feet for the months of April and May, 1927. Lumber inventories at the end of May, on the other hand, were about 31,000,000 board feet as compared with 28,000,000 board feet for the same period last year. The export trade for this period has also shown an increase of about 33% over the export for the same period last year. Were it not for the heavy duty imposed by Australia recently on imported lumber, the total export trade of the islands for this period would have been greater still. The figures show that for these two months our export amounted to about 12,568,864 board feet valued at P987.027 as compared with 9,424,248 board feet last year valued at P727.695. As usual, the greater bulk of this export consists of Tangile and the Lauans. The demands of the United States, Japan and Australia are limited practically to the tangile and the lauans. The export to Great- Britain and Hongkong show a greater proportion of Apitong than any other species. China has also used a certain amount of apitong. The demand for apitong abroad has been gaining, but is small in compari son to tangile and the lauans. It is reported that a lumber company lately received a heavy order for apitong which they were unable to fill. Apitong is plentiful in the islands and is a splen did flooring, its greater sale abroad is only a question of time. The lumber export to Japan will, no doubt, reflect the condition of Japan financially and the amounts of lumber and logs exported to Japan in the past will show a falling off temporarily, pending the readjustment of credits and deflaBAGUIO NIGHT TRAINS BI-WEEKLY NIGHT TRAIN SERVICE Commencing March 5, two NIGHT SPECIALS will be run every week until further notice. One night special will leave Manila every Monday night to return from Bauang Sur and Damortis the following Wednesday. Another night special will leave Manila every Friday night to return from Bauang Sur and Damortis the following Sunday at usual scheduled hours. Auto Connection at Damortis with the Benguet Auto Line over the worldfamed Zigzag mountain road. ALL NIGHT TRAINS have standard sleeping cars with buffet service and all conveniences of de Luxe travel. Also carry ordinary first and third class coaches. Both single and round trip tickets to Baguio may be purchased at stations between Manila and San Fabian where the Baguio Night Train is scheduled to stop. All classes of tickets, one way or round trip, including kilometreage, are good on any night train, either to Baguio or to any station shown on the schedule for night train. Baggage, Express Parcels and C.O.D. shipments will be handled to or from Baguio and Stations shown on schedule. Bookings in Manila for sleeper berths at Tutuban Station or at Downtown Office, 519 Dasmarinas, and in Baguio at Benguet Auto Line Office. RATES Manila Baguio, one way 20 days, Manila-Baguio, round trip 93 days, Manila-Baguio, round trip Manila-Damortis, one way 20 days, Manila-Damortis, round trip 90 days, Manila-Damortis, round trip 90 days, Manila-Bauang Sur, round trip Sleeper berth, each way ... 26.00 11.10 15.54 16.04 18.21 5.00 3rd cists P 8.55 11.84 12.94 5.55 8.88 9.13 10.37 Private passenger cars can be obtained from the Benguet Auto Line at following rates: Between Baguio and Damortis, per trip 5-passenger car - - - P 25.00 Between Baguio and Damortis, per trip 7-passenger car ...... P37.50 For further particulars inquire from the office of the Traffic Manager, or call up INFORMATION, Telephone No. 4-98-61, or Downtown Office, Telephone No. 2-31-83. MANILA RAILROAD COMPANY 943 AZCARRAGA MANILA, P. I. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 29 REVIEW OF THE EXCHANGE MARKET By Richard E. Shaw Manager International Banking Corporation. Telegraphic transfers on New York closed on May 31 at 1-1,8% premium with buyers at 3, 4% premium for Jun e-J u 1 y deliv eries. Selling rates re mained on this level throughout June, but buying rates eased to 5/8% on June 26, but rallied shortly until by the end of the month there were a few buyers of ready TT at 3/4% premium and general buyers of ready and forward TT at 5 8% premium. Although 3 8% premium for O D Credit Bills was done, these rates were not generally quoted and the actual market rate was 14% premium for the former and 5, 8% premium for the latter type of bills. A comparatively small amount of export ex change was settled during the month. Purchases of telegraphic transfers from the insular treasury since last report, according to the report of the insular auditor, have been as follows: Week ending May 26................ Nil Week ending June 2........... $1,000,000 Week ending June 9............... Nil Week ending June 16............... Nil Sterling cable transfers were quoted at 2, -5 16 on May 31 with buyers at 2 -7/16. These rates remained unchanged until June 22, when the dropping New York London cross-rate forced up the buying rate for TT to 2 -12 and for 90 d s Credit Bills to 2 —15. 16, at which levels the market closed. The New York-London cross-rate closed at 488-3 8 on May 31, reached a high for June on the 1st at 488-11 32, gradually receded to a low of 487-9 16 on June 28, and closed on June 30 at 487-21,32. London Bar Silver was quoted at 27-11 16 spot and 27-1 2 forward on May 31. During June the highest quotation was 28-1 16 spot and 27-13 16 forward on June 1, while the lowest points touched were 27-1 8 spot and 27-1 8 forward on the 18th, 19th and 21st of the month. The quotations on June 30 were 27-3/8 spot and 27-5 16 forward. New York Bar Silver closed at 61-7/8 on May 30, reached a high of 61-3 4 on June 2, touched a low of 59-1/2 on June 19, 20, and 21, and was quoted at 59-3/4 on the last day of the month. Telegraphic transfers on other points were quoted nominally at the close as follows: Paris, 12.35; Madrid, 170-1/2; Singapore, 115-1 2; Japan, 95-1 2; Shanghai, 71-3/8; Hongkong, 105-1 4; India, 134-1 2; and Java, 122. COPRA AND ITS PRODUCTS By E. A. Seidenspinner Vice-President and Manager, Copra Milling Corporation Copra.—The copra market, although steady in spots, was generally weak throughout the entire Archipelago, buy ers purchasing liberally on a downward scale. With the close of this report, the best that can be done for arrival resecado is P12.50 per picul, although it is possible to obtain up to Pl2.75 per picul for nearby deliveries of Bo dega resecado stocks. There is little buying interest in futures except at a discount. While still lower prices are expected during AugustSeptember, there is little likelihood of a material reduction during July unless arrivals are exces sively heavy. Total Manila receipts during the month of June were 317,690 bags against 230,576 bags for the same month last year. Notwithstanding the June increase, the total arrivals for the first half of 1928 were 211,291 bags less than the first six months of 1927. The U. S. market for copra was weak during the entire month and closed with buyers offering 4-3/4 to 5 cents per pound c.i.f. West Coast ports dependent upon position. The Conti nental copra market moved in sympathy with the U. S. market during the month, although there were brief reactions within narrow limits. Latest cable advices follow: Manila, P12.50 to P12.75 godown stocks; London, Cebu £26/7/6, F.M.M. £26 2/6: San Francisco, Sellers $.05 F.M.M., Buyers $.04-3/4 to $.05 F.M.M. Coconut Oil.—The local coconut oil market dropped during June in line with copra and it is now possible to purchase at 35 cents to 35-1 2 cents per kilo in drums for early delivery. The U. S. market remained practically unchanged during June on the West Coast but declined an eighth to 3/16 on the Atlantic Coast. Although Travel East via the “North Coast Limited” NOW on a new, fast sched ule—68 hours between the North Pacific Coast and Chicago! Leaves Seattle at 11:00 A. M. for all the principal cities of the United States. Two days of sightseeing through America’s greatest mountains. A particularly satisfying fea ture of Northern Pacific travel is its diner service. The luxurious, new Observa tion-Club car with its deep, rest ful lounge—cushioned chairs— library—writing corner—club rooms—showers—and maid and valet service—affords many hours of pleasure. New-type Pullmans and pow erful, new locomotives. You will find unusual travel comfort and courteous, personal service aboard this fine train. The Japan Tourist Bureau, American Express Company, Thos. Cook & Son, Shanghai Commercial & Savings Bank or any trans-Pacific steamship company, will gladly furnish additional information. Oswald Crawford, G. A. 501 Granville Street Vancouver, B. C. R. J. Tozer, A. G. P. A. 200 L. C. Smith Bldg. Seattle, Wash., U. S. A. Northern Pacific Railway selling pressure from all sources was heavy, there was sufficient buying interest to absorb offerings on the Pacific Coast at 8 cents f.o.b. tank cars, and it seems probable that this level will hold for the month of July unless the Cotton situation changes for the better. At this writing unfavorable weather has returned to the Cotton Belt and prices of Cottonseed Oil and Cotton have moved up during tht last 15 days. Latest cable advices follow: San Francisco, $.08 f.o.b. tank cars, sellers and buyers; New York, Sellers $.08-1, 4, Buyers $.08—1/ 8; London, no quotation. Copra Cake.—The high May market on the Continent continued into June but fell away about the middle of the month due to increased selling pressure and temporary withdrawal of buyers. As a result the market dropped to £9/10/0, from which level it has reacted and it is now possible to do £9 15/ 0 for any shipment up to the end of the year. At the latter price the market seems favorable to copra cake, as advised bids for other feeding stuffs are not nearly so good. Latest advices follow: Hamburg, £9,15/0 market firm; San Fran cisco, $39.50 per ton of 2,000 lbs. for meal; Manila, Buyers P70.00 to P71.00 per metric ton, Sellers P72.00. Manila, P. I., July 5, 1928. Stop off at Yellowstone Park Season June XS-Sept. 30 Without exception this is the most unique outdoor playground in all the world—3,500 square miles of geysers in eruption'—hot col ored pools—boiling lakes—the deep, brilliant gulf of the Grand Canyon—and big, friendly E. E. Blackwood, G. A. 912 Government Street Victoria, B. C. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 30 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 Commercial Printing is a silent but Powerful Messenger Your letter heads, bill heads, cards, envelopes, etc., when well printed, all help to build up that “feeling of confidence”. Our reputation for producing GOOD PRINTING has' been earned and merits your patronage. McCullough Printing Company 424 Rizal Ave. Phone 2-18-01 YOUR LOGGING PROBLEM can be solved readily by some type of WASHINGTON LOGGING ENGINE The Washington Simplex Yarder above leads all Yarders in ease of operation and low cost of upkeep. Washington Iron Works, Seattle, U. S. A. Agents for the Philippine Islands The Edward J. Nell Co., Ltd.,—Manila. WAS H I NG TO N ENGINES REVIEW OF THE HEMP MARKET By L. L. Spellman Macleod and Company This report covers the markets for Manila hemp for the month of June with statistics up to and including July 2nd, 1928. U. S. Grades: The New York market was quiet during the first half of the month with very little business; with exporters offering at the following prices: D, 141 8 cents; E, 13-3 8 cents; F, 10-3 8 cents; G, 8-3 4 cents; I, 9-5 8 cents; JI, 9-3 8 cents; SI, 10-1 8 cents; S2, 9-5 8 cents; S3, 9-3 8 cents. There were slight changes from time to time, but the prices did not fluctuate more than 4-14 cents per pound on any grade. The second half of the month was practically a repe tition of the first with only a few scattered sales. The close of the month exporters were asking the following prices: D. 14-1 4 cents; E, 13-3 8 cents; F, 10-1 2 cents; G, 8-3 4 cents; I, 9-7, 8 cents; JI, 9-1 2 cents; SI, 10-1 4 cents; S2, 9-3 4 cents; S3, 9-5 8 cents. The market in Manila for the better grades was quiet and steady throughout the month. At the beginning buyers were paying as follows: E, P32.00; F, P24.00; G, P18.00; H, P16.50; I, P22.00; JI, P21.00; SI, P23.50; S2, P21.75; S3, P21.25. At the close of the month sales were made at the following prices: E, P30.50; F, P24.50; G, P19.00; H, P16.50; I, P22.5O; JI, P21.50; SI, P23.50; S2, P22.25; S3, P21.50. Fluctuation during the entire month averaged about 50 cents per picul with a noticeable decline in values of the higher grades. It is under stood that most of the hemp that changed hands in Manila has gone into store and is awaiting a better market. The former premiums ex porters were able to get for housemarks dis appeared entirely. Even Davao is bringing only a small premium over ordinary hemp. U. K. Grades: The London market has been fairly steady throughout the month with a fair amount of hemp changing hands. All the sales were principally for distant shipment, and any attempt on the part of the exporters to sell nearby hemp stopped the business and caused prices to decline. Around the first of the month exporters were offering as follows: J2, £37.10 -; J, £31; LI, £30.10 ; L2, £27; Ml, £27; M2, £26. These prices were maintained throughout the month with fluctuations amounting to not more than ten shillings. The large shipments to Europe, together with heavy receipts, have a depressing effect. There seems to be little likelihood of improvement in the immediate future. The Manila market for the U. K. grades has remained quiet and steady throughout the month with average prices about as follows: J2, P18; K, P14.25; LI, P14.25; L2, P13; Ml, P12.50; M2, P12. Prices fluctuated from 50 to 75 centavos per picul, and the market was rather easier at the end of the month. It seems to be the impression that dealers and exporters are holding rather more stock than usual, and that there is considerable hemp being held in the provinces. Japan: This market has been taking a fair quantity of hemp, but has been buying very carefully and at low prices. Freight Rates: Freight rates on rope from the Philippine Islands to the United States has been changed effective July 1st. The rates to the Atlantic coast ports were advanced from $18.50 per ton of 40 cu. ft. to $20.00 per ton; while the rates to the Pacific Coast were reduced as follows: To the Pacific Coast for local delivery from $15.50 per ton to $13.50 per ton, and on overland cargo from $14.25 per ton to $10.00 per ton. These rates are supposed to equalize shipments by the various ports of entry. Asso ciated Steamship Lines advise they will advance the rates on hemp 10% in order to take care of their recent advance in stevedoring rates. This advance will take place January 1, 1929. This will mean an advance of 22 — 1 2 cents gold, or 45 centavos per bale of hemp to the Atlantic coast ports. ■ The advance in stevedoring rates amounts to about 3. 10 of one centavo per bale on hemp. Statistics: We give below figures (in bales) for the period ending July 2, 1928: On hand January 1.......... Receipts to date................ Supply to date........................ 1027 139,632 701,566 102S 112,382 655,153 841,198 767,535 Shipments since January first. MANILA BUREAU OF ANALYSIS Makes examinations of BLOOD, FECES. SPUTUM, URINE, etc., and offers a “HEALTH PROTECTION” service. Ask for our brochure “IF I HAD ONLY KNOWN,” a scientific exposition of man’s neces sity for a PERIODIC HEALTH EXAMINA TION through urinalysis. Opens at 7:30 A.M. Phone 22571 Suites E-F 947 Ongpin at Raon Manila Shipments since January 1 toUnited Kingdom........... Continent........................ United States................. Japan................................ All other countries.... Local consumption.... Total............................ 185,572 100,629 177,736 167,379 26,553 30,000 172,799 64,927 211,960 127,254 25,517 30,000 687,869 632,457 U. S. consumption of Manila hemp is declining at an alarming rate. A normal consumption is considerable over 500,000 bales per year and at the present rate consumption will be 350,000 bales for 1928. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 31 Commodities Coconut Oil.......................................... Cigars (Number)................................. Embroidery........................................... Maguey.................................................. Leaf Tobacco................ ...................... Desiccated and Shredded Coconut. Hats (Number)................................... Lumber (Cubic Meter) ................... Copra Meal.......................................... Knotted Hemp.................................... Pearl Buttons (Gross)....................... Canton (low grade cordage fiber).. AU Other Products............................. Total Domestic Products................. United States Products..................... Foreign Countries Products............. Grand Total......................... PRINCIPAL EXPORTS Quantity May, 1928 Value % 35.7 0 5 2 5 3 0 2 2 6 P24.596.613 99 65,303 0 35,067 0 3 2 0 May, 1927 Quantity Value Monthly average for 12 months ending May, 1928 NOTE:—All quantities are in kilos except where otherwise indicated PRINCIPAL IMPORTS May, 1928 May, 1927 Value % Value % Monthly average for 12 months ending May, 1928 Value 41 17 11 9 2 3 3 3 9 2 5 7 6 9 9 2 1 3 5 1 P26,643,420 100,0 Quantity 8 2 1 5 9 3 6 6 0 3 1 P25.050.662 99 105,961 0 47,840 0 6 2 4 P25.204.463 100 2 0 CARRYING TRADE IMPORTS Cotton Cloths................... Other Cotton Goods.... Iron and Steel, Except Machinery..................... Rice..................................... Wheat Flour..................... Machinery and Parte of.. Dairy Products................. Gasoline.............................. Silk Goods......................... Automobiles....................... Vegetable Fiber Goods.. Meat Products................. Illuminating Oil............... Fish and Fish Products.. Crude Oil........................... Coal..................................... Chemicals, Dyes, Drugs, Etc................................... Fertilizers........................... Vegetables.......................... Paper Goods, Except Tobacco and Manufac tures of.......................... Electrical Machinery.... Books and Other Printed Matters........................... Cars and Carriages, Ex cept Autos..................... Automobile Tires.............. Fruits and Nuts.............. Woolen Goods.................. Leather Goods.................. Shoes and Other Foot375,816 504,152 347,115 182,048 86.584 210,672 207,496 112,941 200,871 12 5 13 5 0 15 5 3 8 Nationality of Vessels . May, 1928 May, 1927 Monthly average for 12 months ending May, 1928 7 1 5 9 2 8 1 3 7 2 3 4 5 5 2 2 3 5 7 1 2 9 7 7 9 9 2 2 1 5 7 2 3 6 0 9 1 0 0 8 9 0 6 5 8 459,627 131,329 309,597 481,925 2 1 2 6 5 8 6 American........ British............ Japanese........ Dutch............. German.......... Norwegian.. . Philippine.... Spanish........... Chinese.......... Swedish.......... Danish............ Czechoslovak. By Freight... By Mail........ Value % Value % Value % P 8,910,053 6,335,296 1,000,034 746,821 1,793,894 33,881 104,873 324,634 11,897 2 5 2 2 3 7 8 2 5 421,310 486.917 372,235 321,970 2 0 3 8 5 P10,099,911 6,548,066 926,371 943,944 838,765 210,923 133,787 266,405 42,000 3,698 58,106 48.2 P10,396,995 31.9 5,808,238 4.5 1,203,675 4.5 804,205 4.0 1,206,933 1.0 41,790 0.7 140,898 1.3 150,350 0.3 20,175 9,540 1,921 0.3 4,842 1,340 49.9 28 0 4*2 6.1 0.6 1.0 1.0 0.4 P19.261.383 97.3 P20,071,976 96.2 P20.614.112 97.3 528,482 2.7 797,075 3.8 517,789 2.7 Total................... P19.789.865 100.0 P20.869.051 100.0 P21.131.901 100.0 EXPORTS Nationality of Vessels May, 1928 May, 1927 Monthly average for 12 months ending May, 1928 Value Breads tuffs, Except Wheat Flour................. Eses.................................... Perfumery and Other Toilet Goods................. Lubricating Oil................. Cacao Manufactures, Ex Glass and Glassware.... Paints, Pigments, Var nish, Etc........................ Oils not separately listed. Earthen Stones 8c ChinaAutomobile Accessories.. Diamond and Other Pre cious Stones Unset.. .. Wood, Bamboo, Reed, Rattan............................ India Rubber Goods.... Soap..................................... Matches............................. Explosives........................... Cement............................... Sugar and Molasses........ Motion Picture Films... All Other Imdorts........... 222,246 132,999 Ill,678 215,833 238,540 140,363 103,473 110,524 102,463 Total. 0 1 7 2 8 179,563 159,473 0 8 8 0 0 7 9 0 1 6 1 7 7 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 11 2 183,418 226,701 137,566 198,689 124,712 177,622 0 0 8 0 0 8 9 0 0 9 0 6 0 0 0 5 8 9 0 0 3 3 9 155,894 170,197 112,291 8 8 0 7 0 0 5 7 0 0 7 6 0 0 5 0 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 8 3 2 3 3 0 PORT STATISTICS TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES Ports May, 1928 May, 1927 Monthly average for 12 months ending May, 1928 no1"o,Ia.’.‘.' ; .’.’:;;; Cebu................................... Zamboanga......................... Jolo..................................... Value % Value P30.642.789 6,612,572 4,490,799 465,437 57,034 1,525,877 692,340 P31.521.214 % Value Total. 9,377,469 4,663,449 373.759 67,861 937,927 570,792 P44.486.848 100.0 P47,512,471 100.0 8 P30.800.212 66.7 7 7,482,048 16.0 8 5,790,901 12.7 7 477,272 0.9 1 108,853 0.1 8 964,661 2.0 1 795,751 1.6 P46.419.698 100.0 American.......... British............... Japanese.......... German............ Norwegian. .,. Spanish............. Dutch............... Philippine......... Chinese............. Swedish........... By Freight.... By Mail........... Total. % 2.6 Value % .0 3 46 30 13 3 7 8 2 0 7 Value 27 2 8 P24.721.809 97 2 582,653 2 7 3 0 TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES Countries May, 1928 May, 1927 Value Value United States............ United Kingdom.... JaPan.......................... China.......................... French East Indies. Germany.................... Australia................... British East Indies. Dutch East Indies.. Netherlands.............. Italy............................ Hongkong.................. Belgium...................... Switzerland................ Japanese-China........ Norway....................... Denmark.................... Other Countries. ... Total.......... 65 3 8 5 9 3 5 2 0 0 0 0 P44,486,848 100 1 5 % 59.9 4.7 5 0 1 0 Monthly average for 12 months ending May, 1928 Value 2,4 69 5 2 1 1 7 5 9 5 5 0.1 0.8 0 0 1 5 3 0 7 8 7 8 5 3 1 1 2 1 0 0 32 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1928 BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL DIRECTORY Kerr Steamship Co., Inc. Myers-Buck Co., Inc. General Agents Surveying and Mapping “SILVER FLEET” Express Freight Services PRIVATE MINERAL Philippines-New York via Java AND and Singapore PUBLIC LAND Roosevelt Steamship Agency Agents Chaco Bldg. Phone 2-14-20 230 Kneedler Bldg. Tel. 2-16-10 Manila, P. I. PHILIPPINES COLD STORES MACLEOD & COMPANY Wholesale and Retail Manila Cebu Vigan Davao Iloilo Exporters of Rosenberg’s Garage Dealers in American and Australian Refrigerated Produce Hemp and Maguey TELEPHONE 5-69-55 i STORES AND OFFICES Agents for Calle Echague Manila, P. I. INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER CO. Agricultural Machinery I fr ® fl * “LA URBANA’’ P. O. Box 1394 Telephone 22070 J. A. STIVER 1 CHINA BANKING CORPORATION (Sociedad MGtua de Construccidn y Pristamos) MANILA, P. I. Prestamos Hipotecarios Certified Public Accountant Inversiones de Capital Investments Collections Domestic and Foreign Banking Income Tax of Every Description 111 Plaza Sta. Cruz Manila, P. I. 121 Real, Intramuros Manila, P. I. HANSON & ORTH, Inc. Manila, P. I. SALEEBY FIBER CO., INC. SANITARY - CONVENIENT - SATISFACTORY! Five European Barbers Buyers and Exporters of P. O. Box 1423 Manila, P. I. Special attention given the ladles Hemp and Other Fibers Shampoos, facial massage and hair 612-613 Pacific Bldg. Tel. 2-24-18 Room 318, Pacific Building Cable Address: ‘‘SALEFIBER” cuts under skilled management BRANCHES: New York—London—Merida—Davao LA MARINA BARBER SHOP 117 Plaza Goiti Jost Cortina. Prop. MADRIGAL & CO. 8 Muelle del Banco Nacional Derham Building Phone 22516 Manila P. O. Box 2103 Mr. MANUEL VALENTIN Manila, P. I. MORTON & ERICKSEN, INC. TAILOR Coal Contractors and Surveyors AMERICAN BUREAU OF SHIPPING Formerly Chief Cutter for P. B. Florence & Co. Coconut Oil Manufacturers Marine and Cargo Surveyors 244 Plaza Sta. Cruz Manila, P. I. MILL LOCATED AT CEBU Sworn Measurers Phone 2-61-30 The Earnshaws Docks and Honolulu Iron Works Sugar Machinery Slipways Machine Shops Port Area • Manila, P. I. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL EL ORIENTE CORONAS ORIENTE FABRICA DE TABACOS, INC. 72 Calle Evangelista MANILA MANUFACTURERS OF Coronas Oriente Jean Valjean Fighting Bob HIGH GRADE CIGARS Men’s. Women’s and Children’s Outfittings Largest Assortment BECK’S 89 Escolta 91 X FRANK G. IIAUGHWOLT Biological Laboratory 915 M. H. del Pilar Manila, P. I. Stool. Blood and Urine Examinations Special Sunday and Holiday Hours for Week days: 7:30 a.m. to 12 m.; 1:30 to 5 p.m. Manila Wine Merchants, Ltd. 174 Juan Luna Manila, P. I. P. O. Box 403 Phones: 2-25-67 and 2-25-68 WEANDSCO Western Equipment and Supply Co. Western Electric Co. Graybar Electric Co. Westinghouse 119 Calle T. Pinpin P. O. Box C Manila, P. I. Recommended By Leading Doctors THE AMERICAN EXPRESS CO., INC. Railway and Steamship Tickets at tariff rates Express and Freight Forwarding American Express Travelers Cheques IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL Victory Six Performance Entirely Unique Performance of Dodge Brothers Victory Six is unique. No one has ever known its counterpart, because never before has there been such a car. You may drive it over rough cobble stones at considerably more than touring speed absolutely without discomfort. With the right wheels on rough pavement and the left wheels on smooth surface, you will miss entirely the usual jerk of the steering wheel in your hands. You may turn a comer at high speed without a sign of sidesway. And you will be astonished by the low fuel consumption. Sole Distributors: ESTRELLA AUTO PALACE LEVY HERMANOS. Inc. 536 -568 Gandara Iloilo MANIl. Cebu Oodse Brothe-rs MOTOR. CARS IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL