The American Chamber of Commerce Journal Vol. XI, No.3 (March 1931)

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Title: The American Chamber of Commerce Journal Vol. XI, No.3 (March 1931)
Issue Date: Vol. XI, No.3 (March 1931)
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extracted text: MARCH, 1931 INTERISLAND TRAVEL NUMBER Do You Know Your Philippines? The Bicol Provinces The Bontoc Trail An Ifugao Reprisal Acapulco or Purgatory Oil Milling Gaining HereAn Exporter s Outlook for 1931 Notes On New Books Philippine Coral Reefs Talkies in Prospect A Comment on Interisland Travel Reached by Rail and Steam boa t A Country of R ugged Strength and Beautiful Vistas By Marjorie Wilson By Percy A. Hill Philippine Mills Hold Para mount Position in the Coconut Oil Industry A Map of World Markets By Beryl Hughes By Leopoldo A. Faustino Scenes from Coming Shows “P. N. B.” Bonds vs. Foreign Bonds: See Page 26 When You Travel Abroad Next Time . . . Travel to the Philippines RULY • A • MAGAZINE----PREEMINENT • IN • THE • PHILIPPINES A Name and Cigar That You Won’t Forget Famous Throughout The World For Its Quality Made In Four Sizes A TABACALERA Product ! hen Telegraphing Use The Radiogram Route dPb y| || || IRELESS RADIO CORPORATION OF THE PHILIPPINES INSULAR LIFE BUILDING » \ 2-26-01 HONLS: / 2-26-02 Always Open IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURN, March, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 1 THE MANILA HOTEL Where West Meets East and East Meets West The CENTER OF MANILA’S SOGIAL LIFE The Guarantee of Service in the Philippines KNOWN EVERYWHERE FOR ITS DINING PAVILION The COOLEST PLACE IN MANILA TO DANCE FAMOUS MANILA HOTEL DANCE ORCHESTRA The FINEST IN THE FAR EAST Management-----------------------------------------------------------------ANTRIM, ANDERSJ IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 N & B GARAGE i Telephone 2-35-21 All late model open and closed cars Prompt and Reliable Service Main Office - - - - PORT AREA BRANCHES: IDEAL GARAGE PLAZA GOITI Tel. 2-39-51 WALDORF GARAGE 731 RIZAL AVE. Tel. 2-12-66 Manila Hotel: Sta. Ana Cabaret The CLAUDE NEON LIGHTS FEDERAL INC., U. S. A. of Shanghai, China announce the opening of a lo cal factory and service station at the foot of Ayala Bridge The CLAUDE NEON LIGHT is the Original Neon Light Sign If it is a CLAUDE NEON it is the best If you are interested in a Neon Sign, inquire from the LOCAL AGENTS Philippine Advertising Corporation 284 Ayala Boulevard Telephone 2-29-45 J. W. MEARS Manager in our newly opened RETAIL STORE 456-466 Dasmarinas Street V ; .ELMANN SCHROEDER & COMPANY, INC. P. O. Box 767 Tel. 2-16-34 — MANILA — Tel. 2-26-64 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 3 For Steady, Intense Heat, where GAS is not available, use COKE This fuel provides steady, smokeless, intense heat at low cost and is easy to handle. For home or industrial purposes it is much in demand For Wood and Metal Surfaces TAR PAINT A rust deterrent for metal surfaces and a preservative of wood, protecting against both elements and insects. Prices Furnished On Application Manila Gas Corporation Calle Otis, Paco — Tel. 5-69-34 Pl— For Your OLD IRON! Give us Pl.00 and ANY old iron, regardless of its condition, and we will allow you P2.00 CREDIT on a Model “R” ELECTRIC IRON Balance payable at only Pl.50 per month with your Electric Service Bills. SPECIAL OFFER DURING MARCH ONLY Manila Electric Company Comer Escolta and David NEWS while it is NEWS and 44 Features For Results MANILA DAILY BULLETIN READERS IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURN/ 4 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 ALHAMBRA • CIGARS QUALITY SUPREME CORONAS DE LA ALHAMBRA EXCELENTES—ESPECIALES PRESIDENTES—BELLEZAS LONDRES, ETC., ETC. , PROVINCIAL DISTRIBUTORS Cebu ----- Kuenzle & Streiff, Inc. Iloilo...........................-Hoskyn & .Co., Inc. Dagupan - - - P. Oliver Legaspi ... - Jesus S. Sierra Davao..........................Mueller-Selg, Inc. Tacloban - - - - Bazar Gran Capitan Ilagan - - - - Alhambra Tuguegarao - - - Alhambra Zamboanga - - Kuenzle & Streiff, Inc. In the high grade Manila cigar line ALHAMBRA PRODUCTS have been the UNDISPUTED LEADERS for over 33 years Why SPOIL YOUR VACATION TRIP TO BAGUIO? See the Following GOODRICH Dealers: CENTRAL AUTO SUPPLY Azcarraga and Ave. Rizal Tel. 2-37-27 There is nothing that will ruin a holiday and your disposition quicker than a "flat” tire on the road. Take inventory of your tires today—then drive over and let us examine any doubtful tires you may have. We’ll gi-e you our honest opinion as to the condition of your tires. If it takes a repair to put added mile age into your tires—we can do that at a cost that will really surprise you. We carry a complete stock of Good rich Tires and Tubes—Guaranteed for Life! Remember tires have spoiled many holidays. See us at once. Goodrich Silvertowns PLAZA VULCANIZING PLANT 313 Bustos, Sta. Cruz Tel. 2-58-93 ACME MOTOR COMPANY Plaza Miranda Tel. 2-21-55 EASTERN AUTO SUPPLY 631 T. Alonso, Sta. Cruz Tel. 2-52-59 MOTOR SERVICE COMPANY 408 Ave. Rizal Tels. 2-37-10—19 A. B. VILLANUEVA & SONS 696 Ave. Rizal Tel. 2-13-81 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL Single Copies. 35 Centavos / sssss Do You Know Your Philippines? If you can’t answer the question that heads this page in the affirmative, you will never have a better opportunity to fit yourself to do so than is offered you this summer—when, if you are in business, you have a chance to get away, and if you are on salary, your money buys more travel and the incidentals of travel now than it would buy even last year. Why do the usual thing? Why strike from Manila directly for Baguio, when you can take the coast-trip up to San Fernando, Candon, Vigan, or Aparri and return to Bauang and the foot of the Naguilian road by way of the Caga yan valley and Balete pass? Or why remain as usual in Manila; or, if a teacher, rusticate at your station? If you know Luzon, why not a southern trip—Iloilo and I’anay. Bacolod and Negros, Dumaguete and Negros, Cebu and that fair island, Zamboanga and Jolo, Cotabato and Davao, Iligan, Dansalan and Lanao; and Masbate, Samar, Bohol, I,evte? For the moment you leave the vicinity of Manila, you are in a new land. This issue of the Journal tells a little of some of the dozens of delightful trips and vacation excursions. Some The American Chamber of Gommerce OF THE Philippine Islands (Member Chamber of Commerce of the United States) ALTERNATE DIRECTORS Sam Fraser Verne E. Miller O. M. Shuman S. R. Hawthorne DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS P. A. Meyer, President H. M. Cavender, Vice-President John L. Headington, Treasurer Leo K. Cotterman W. L. Applegate J. C. Rockwell Kenneth B. Day Wm. H. Rennolds C. S. Salmon EXECUTIVE P. A. Meyer, Chairman H. M. Cavender K. B. Day John R. Wilson, Srcrrtary E. E. Selph, General Couneel COMMITTEES FINANCE W H. Rennolds, Chair O. M. Shuman RELIEF W. J Odom, Chairmc John Gordon J. R. Wilson FOREIGN TRADE H. B. Pond, Chairman L. L. Spellman M. M. Saleeby MANUFACTURING P. A. Meyer, CAairman Fred N. Berry J. L. Headington PUBLICATIONS P. A. Meyer, Chairmar Roy C. Bennett LEGISLATIVE P. A. Meyer, Chairman Frank B. Ingersoll J. R. Wils BANKING AND CURRENCY Improved Ford I Vi-Ton Truck (Chassis Only) Standard 131" wheelbase, P1.4UO.OO CASH Extra Long 157" wheelbase. Pl.615.00 CASH (Ex. Bodega. Manila) RECEPTION, ENTER TAINMENT AND HOUSE J. L. Headington, wmH. Rennolds J. R. Wilson LIBRARY John Gordon, Chair SHIPPING H. M. Cavender, Chairman G. P. Bradford E. W. Latie INVESTMENTS P. A. Meyer, Chairman H. M. Cavender I. L. Headington Chairof the advertisements tell about ships and shipping lines you may chooseAdded to this is the Mayon, taking you from Manila to Iloilo, Cebu and Zamboanga and back in four days. Who can not spare four days? Many business men have taken this trip, none has been heard to say it disap pointed him. Suppose you have some proposition to think out, at which' you would like to be alone: you want the solution to be right and you want it to be your own. Take a boat for the south over the week-end: have your leisure and pleasure together. Besides, it’s becoming fashionable—the thing to do: everybody’s waken ing up to the travel opportunities they have neglected in the Philippines, because James King Steele and his travel-bureau technique are breaking down resistance. Aforetime, when one said Travel in the Philippines he spoke as one in a wilderness. But now he is heard. You may still object that provincial accommodations are not all they should be, hotels are shabby, their cuisines unresourceful. The answer is that better trade will improve them. Right now, however, accommodations are surprisingly good. Of course there must come a day when the Manila Hotel Company owns and manages a system of inns, resthouses and hotels throughout the islands; and the Philippine public can hasten this day by evincing an in terest in provincial travel. But who would not rough it a little in traveling, in taking an outing? After all, one travels to see a country as it is. He swelters in the grime of Morocco, would never have Morocco modern and sanitary. He breathes the plague in Algiers, likes breathing it. In the Philippines he will always have clean surroundings, will never risk his health for a moment; and he will see native life that is just as quaint as if it were foreign, he will travr f seas that match the Mediterranean, he will surfeit of landscapes and marijie views too ravishing ever to forget. For the teacher, the business man, the missionary, for everyone with material interests in the Philippines there are special reasons for becoming familiar with the provinces of this rich country. You hear of the hard times in other parts of the world, and re you. don’t feel them so much. Why? The provinces answer this question, Manila doesn’t—Manila only exhibits the answer the provinces give.. The answer is that the provinces are all agricultural communities where the people live frugally and take their lot, good or bad, as the will of God; and the answer also is that the provinces grow the best farm products in the world, products that pay a little even in hard times—copra, abaci, sugar, these es|>ecially. These products go to the United States and other customer-countries or to Manila through the ports you will visit, reaching those ports over the new systems of inland highways, and reaching Manila on the ships you travel on. You will have a more intelligent faith in the Philippines when you learn the character of the provinciano and how. he manages his affairs. Oh, you will see much to be improved—that without saving—but also much to admire and let alone.—IF. R. CUT YOUR HAULAGE COSTS WITLi The Improved Ford U/2-Ton TRUCKS! They are sturdy, durable, economical, and above all — Dependable I 7 8 MANILA TRADING & SUPPLY CG | MANILA ILOILO S PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW—EA^Y TERMS IF DESIRE! “After We Sell We Serve” IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 6 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 The Bontoc Trail One of the world’s superb scenic highways, the Bontoc trail may be traveled with keen enj'oyment in leaving or going to Baguio. Since the opening of the Mountain Trail between Baguio and Bontoc, Manila visitors have had access to a on each side with giant pine trees while in others it forces its way through the dense tangle^ jungle filled with great out the world are most enthusiastic over this mountain journey. Much of the road is controlled by a system of gates tree ferns, parasites, or chids, clinging vines and dense undergrowth. The completion of the las‘ few kilometers connecting the road between Mt. Data and the Baguio extension has made all this available to the motorist and opens up one of the most beau tiful sections of the Mountain Province. The road is a masterpiece of engineering and just before Mt. making it perfectly safe but because of the t’ ’ ‘ 1 ’ sharp curves and narrow stretches only small cars of a yZffigs. short wheel base are suited for use. Cars under 120" wheel base are particu 1 a r 1 y well A Church in the Ilolcano Region, northwest Luzon new and unsurpassed scenic wonder land ^er^tofore those journeying to Bom.-c e compelled to go down the Nagi- Trail via Bauang, San Cervantes and Tagudin. r.ew ib: ■ . -all changed. The new to* ; - -.'y 152 kilometers and I'ac. r... Baguio .over the nV; • : mountains along The -!.• rs of the high mils dipping down oc casionally into the valleys to climb steeply up the other side and once more wind i t s t-ortuou s Data is reach ed there is a series of zigzags and horseshoe turns that are picturesque and spectacular. One adapted for these short and winding turns. One of the most interesting tours is that which takes the traveler from Baguio to Bontoc over the new mountain trail returning via Tagudin, Cervantes, San Fer nando, Bauang and the Naguilian Trail. This gives a variety both going and coming but even if one goes via the Mountain Trail and returns over the same route there is so much variety that there can be no dull minute. The new road also opens up the entire Bontoc region enabling visitors to reach Lubuagan or to continue their journey to Manila via Banaue with its marvelous rice terraces built 1500 years ago by the forefathers of the Ifugaos and on through Kiangan, Bagabag. Balete Pass to CaLanaiuan and ihence to Manila. kbon the ( .era. kilometer way is f new anu unusual beauty. In many places the road, clings to the hillside with a drop of from 500 to 1000 feet on one side and the folding hills and towering cliffs on the other. In some places it runs for miles through a beau tiful park-like plateau country bordered section of this lies alongalimes't o n e cliff where the road has been practically chiseled out of the rock face. Those who have made the trip and who know most about other motor roads through March, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 7 An Ifugao Reprisal A story of an accidental murder and the swift sure judgment of an ancient Ifugao law that deprived Dumauwat of his property and made him a slave for life..................................................By Marjorie Wilson. Already it was although the sun l........-...... _....... of the great cone-shaped hills that Nature has thrown in such confusion, one against the other, ever backward and upward, to form the high mountain range of the Ifugao country. Clus ters of small grass-roofed houses on stilt-like posts lie hidden in the ravines worn deep in the mountain sides of the' Cordillera of northern Luzon—the backbone of the Philippines. ; twilight in the grassy glade, still warmed the rounded tops Dumauwat, an Igorot of the gao tribe, rose from where he been squatting over the family Hu ll ad ___ ... ......„___ .... ........ j rice bowl, wiped away the remains of the evening meal of rice and fish from his mouth with the back of his hand, and throwing about him his single blanket like garment of rough woven native cloth, went to the only opening in his Ce cleared the lintel of the low door and descended the bamboo ladder to the ground. Drawing himself erect, he grasped his lance which was leaning against the carv ed wooden figure, a totem, that formed the door post, and with his shield in the other hand, stood gazing a moment up the narrow valley that led to his rice paddies. Dumauwat was physically perfect; the prim itive man. Although not tall, he was as straight as the lance he carried, and the power ful muscles rippled under his smooth brown skin. His wife, on her head a heavy burden of fire wood, brushed past him and he muttered a word as he took the well worn trail that followed the mountain stream upward, and was soon out of sight in the growth of pine trees that hugged the river bank. Dumauwat was thinking in his heavy witted way, that things were going very well. True, since last week’s granary feast—the betrothal feast of his daughter—he had left but a few pigs and one carabao, that clumsy beast of burden that plowed his rice fields. Ngahiu was marrying a boy of the wealthy class and he would bring a goodly dowery with him. Ten years before, the go-between had arranged for the marriage of little Ngahiu and Likyayu, the son of a neighbor living in the next val ley. The children had been little more than infants, although soon after, they had gone to sleep in the common dormitories. Now his daughter was approaching her fourteenth birth day, and the wedding would soon be consum mated, for the five-day orgy of the betrothal feast had terminated well. The bile sacks of the sacrificial pigs had augured the best; only three men had been at all seriously injured in the drunken brawls, and the bride and groom elect, seeing each other for the first time, had run from each other with proper modesty. Likyayu, having been left with him to be tried out for a few months before the final marriage ceremony, as is the Ifugao custom, was proving to be a willing and sturdy worker, and, therefore, desirable as a son-in-law. With powerful strides, Dumauwat turned aside from the river bed and com’ menced ascending the fust abrupt rise. His objective was the highest rice paddy, newly planted, that topped the rounded sugar-loaf hill and first received the life giving water. Fear of noc turnal foes from neighbor ing head-hunting tribes, led him to his nightly vigil, that of guarding the dykes and sluices, ana those marvels of primitive en gineering, the hollow log troughs suspended from hill top to hilltop across deep val leys, through which rushed the water supply from the snow capped peaks beyond. Up, up, one above the other, like stairs cut for giants in the steep hillsides, rose the dyked rice paddies of his forefathers. Irregular in shape, banked in graceful curves with mud and stone, now at the time of inundation each paddy became a mirror that reflected the glory of the sunset. Gold and red and purple, orange and pink, floated across the azure sky on billowy clouds, and lived again a brief double life in the still waters. Dumauwat, Ifugao Igorot that he was, paused a moment, awed. Dumauwat would spend the night alone, pro tecting his crop from lurking enemies. Ilis lance and head-axe his sole defense, he stepped swiftly and warily through the gathering dusk. He knew there were watchers on other hilltops, but in case of need their aid would come too late. Suddenly before him, he saw his kinsman, Gimbungan, rise silently from where he had been crouched behind a wall of mud. On his way to hi6 own sluices, he had waited for Dumauwat. With a word of warning and a few guttural mur murs, he told him that headhunters from a near by village were abroad. With a grunt of com prehension Dumauwat continued on his way, the soft pat-pat of his feet lost in the sighing of the pines in the ravine. Every savage instinct in him was now alert and cautious. But as darkness settled and all was still, Dumauwat’s thoughts turned again to Likyayu. He had last seen him that morning, when the boy, swaggering and boastful, had thrown a lance, hitting his target with certain aim. Little Ngahiu had been watching, and thus encouraged, Likyayu had left for the for est, saying that he would not return until he had proved himself worthy of her by slaying a deer. Dumauwat now thought of possible enemies; of his responsibility to the boy’s father for his safety until after the wedding ceremony. He remembered that the Ifugao law was severe on the head of the family should harm come to a child while sojourning in the house of his prospective father-in-law. He would have felt better satisfied had the lad been with them to share the evening meal, though he approved his manly desire to establish by his hunt■ ing skill his worthiness to take a wife. Ngahiu had plainly been rest less, but pride and maidenly reserve had restrained her from speaking, as she waited with downcast eyes. In the sudden soft darkness of the night, the brilliant r irs were portly obscured by passing < > -ids. Th? water falling over tne sluices <, .-t.rf'owed into in a dozer, cascades of presence of another He knew r u - thing moved beside the bush-linrd |> >-.in stinctively, he felt ter the hi• 'hru.-through his loin cloth. Dropping his blanket,. Dutt''i. ’ r poised for an instant, a sta‘ue i . oroshield on his left arm, in his rigb* -end u’s 1 he was naked save for his clout ■■■ ■ < or brass anklet. Self-preservation . . ids oi thought. He must strike down in enemy . be himself felled. His tatooed chest rose with a mi/.t. inii» ation, and with tremendous fore ’' •tip.’i .at threw his lance. The fifty feel !.<::• u and his target were as nothin; >•: am after the lance left his hand, a sh i; - ■ •>’ the air. His heart leaped in i . ■■ visualized another head in his hu I :. -‘r undergrowth, he came upon th k.. ! udy, the lance erect and still quivering protruded from the side of his outstretched victim. But the moan that reached his ears as he pre(Please turn to page 20, col. 1) 8 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 Loafing Through The Southern Islands A leisurely trip crammed with un usual interest every moment was recent ly made by two young business men in Manila who chose passage on the ss. Cebu, Companfa Maiftima, from Manila to Iligan via Cebu; leaving Manila at 4 p. m. a Saturday, they arrived in Cebu at 7 a. m. the following Monda”. They had all day in Cebu, time eno’.'t'ito sense the commercial life of t.i: southern metropolis, make J- tequaintances, and motor into • ujit<; land on the famous Tole Cebu’s new harbor is ..iiori .gly well-equipped and d uig a busi’ .> that warrants the exp' »at. lines gather farm e j-- iijodhio* acre from all the Biso in region .nd northern Mindanao. oeeao steamships are i>. lispr ci . The harbor work b- . ( ■-•» .! has an assured future, •i'a’ ru."* at 10 o’clock the two ft ?'.r•.<. ;<>t<.-aed the motorship Prin■>' . jund of minor ports: Duma3anangao, Dipolog, Cagavan-deOroquieta, Iligan. Dumague’e offers two things of particular in terest; first, Silliman Institute, a Presby terian academy for boys, that ranks with the best in the orient and is a material factor in the Bisayan educa tional field, introducing to higher learn ing a type of young men who will claim their share in the affairs of the PhilipThis trip includes out-of-therway points giving glimpses of quaint peoples and insight into folk customs. pines henceforth. Dumaguete’s second interesting feature is the nearby coconut plantations financed chiefly by Cebu capital and modern in their methods of growing ■ coconuts and preparing copra. Roads in Oriental Negros, out of, Dumaguete, are good. Baliangao and Dipolog ere old and picturesque, ran* snapshots are to be had of dozens of intriguing views. The substantial parochial churches reveal tin* sound foundation of Spanish culture the friars established at their distant missions. ‘ Misamis is both old and new, a thriving place enjoying the trade of Misamis and Bukidnon prov inces, through which fora long a motor road runs. The town is on Macajalar bay, and across the ay lies Camiguin island, stionghold of the wellknown Reyes family owning large tracts of land on the slopes of the great extinct volcano giving the island its name. All Camiguin is imbued with natural beau ty; the charm of a visit to Macajalar bay lingers long with the visitor who goes to find it. Iligan was reached at 7 a. m. Thurs day. Iligan is the port of Lanao, and the capital, Dansalan, on Lanao gulf, is two hours inland by motor, fare B8 to BIO for a car. The Maria Cris tina falls are passed, the largest and most famous in all the Philippines—site of some future huge hydroelectric pro ject, when industry has advanced enough in this region to require the power. The government has a technical report on these falls, the Hammond report of 1928, made to Governor Henry L. Stimson. In Dansalan you are only across the river from Camp Keithley, where the hospitality of the Lanao Golf Club is offered the visitor. You are now in Mindanao, among the Mohamme dans, and everything is quite different from anything experienced or seen at Manila. Lanao Moslems are skillful craftsmen, the bazaars offer brasses, typical bladed weapons with elaborate hand-carved hilts, the popular loi>e-ring made by Lanao silversmiths, and unique handloomed cloth of the brilliant Lanao colors. Dwellings show the influence of Ara bia. family records of chieftains hark back to missionary ancestors of the 13th and 14th centuries. But despite their gift for good fanning; settled ways of life and good craftsmanship, the Lanao Moslems remain a conundrum to the Philippine government, slow in issuing formal titles to lands and quieting rural anxieties over ownership. Governor John Heffington has just returned to Dansalan to resume the executiveship — of the province, an elevated, broken, fertile and well-drain ed region. Keithley is a social center drawing vacationers from both Mindanao and the Bisavas. The two travelers left it with regret, to^motor to j Dapitan, where, creating a nati ional park, the government / commemorates Dr. Rizal’s de portation from Manila. Here it was that Bonifacio sent friends secretly, to offer Rizal leadership of the Katipunan—Ri zal refusing and keeping his position as a moderate left advocating re forms in the Spanish Philippine gov ernment, not revolt. Dapitan is 50 kilometers from Dansalan, motor cost B20. By hiking and by horse, the travelers made their way through the wilderness to Malabang on the south coast of Mindanao over the old Malabang-Kcithley army trail, the faint traces of the old wagon-road guiding them. Fine pictures were obtained, and a night’s voyage by motorboat brought the travelers to Cotabato at the outlay of Bl each, such boats mak ing the journey once or twice a week. In Cotabato the atmosphere is till (Please turn to page 34, col. 3) March, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 9 The Bicol Provinces No part of the Philippines is more interesting than Bicolandia, the south eastern provinces of Luzon inhabited by the Bicol people: Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Albay, and Sorsogon. The Bicol language ditfers from TagaPort of Legaspi: Mount Mayon in the Distance graphy of the region is mountainous, the roads are picturesque; the hotels in Legaspi, the port, metropolis and capital of Albay, are convenient head quarters from which to visit all the prov inces except Camarines Norte, which is isolated by mountains and is best visited from the coast. Choice of the steamship or the rail way route from Manila can be made; good boats run regularly to Legaspi from Manila, and on around to Cama rines Norte, while the Bicol Express leaves Paco station about noon daily, running to the end of the line at the head of Ragay gulf. Here the night ferry picks you up, landing you the next morning at railhead at the foot of the gulf, in Camarines Sur, and an excel lent train takes you into Legaspi by 10 a. m. The Ammen Transportation Company alscT runs busses through Camarines Sur and Albay into Legaspi, then on through Sorsogon. You can have choice of first or second class bus ses; they are all good, keep prompt sched ules, and the second-class charge is 1*0.01 a kilometer. Perhaps the firstclass charge is P0.015. You will won der how the company runs such com fortable busses at such prices. The answer is, by knowing how: A. L. Ammen has been in this business about 30 years; he began with ox-carts before automo biles were used in the Philippines; he now lives in California, but Judge L. D. Lockwood, who holds his powcr-of-attorney and represents him in the Philip pines, reports net profits well over 1*160,000 in Bicolandia last year. It was from Bicolandia that Judge Leonard S. Goddard was appointed to the first-instance bench. He jvas The southeastern provinces of Luzon have cheap and excellent overland transportation and excel in natural attractions. practicing law at Legaspi. Another well-known American of this region is Judge Robert E. Manly, tycoon of Camarines Sur; his beautiful town home is in Naga, seat of the bishopric, where he divides his time between his prache dates from the campaigns of pacifica tion. Other old-time Americans whq make Bicolandia their home are quite as well known. Some of the most prominent Filipi nos in the islands hail from Bicolandia, which has always sent its quota of stu dents to Manila colleges. The mer cantile communities in the larger centers are cosmopolitan, but Chinese pre dominate everywhere. The towns are well-built, the churches especially im posing. The people are easy-going and hospitable perhaps to a fault. It should be mentioned that automobiles may be hired at reasonable prices for the use of parties traveling in this region. Long before you reach Legaspi, Mount Mpyon, queen of volcanoes, enthralls the view. At Daraga, a residence com munity outside Legaspi, you see the ruins of Mayon’s eruption 117 years ago, when ashes from her belching crater were carried as far as Manila. Mayon grew ugly again, three years ago, but mainly took it out in threats; the Army got airplane pictures of the eruption. Mayon can be scaled, though few have done so; if you want this experience, consult the parish priest who was at Tabaco in 1927; he has ascended Mayon several times. Tabaco and Legaspi are on Lagonoy gulf. Tr is skirted by a chain of mag nificent volcanic peaks, of which Queen Mayon is one. Others are Bulusan, in Sorsogon, Masaraga, Malinao, Iriga, and Isarog. MainTHfehways pass these volcanoes, giving the traveler excellent views. People who live in the Philip pines will find it interesting to see how Manila hemp grows, it being the islands’ best export crop and the source of their first fame in world trade. In these provinces it carpets every mountain slope to the limit of cultivation: you can sec it growing, see it stripped, see it baled loosely and hauled to the ports to be sold and rebaled for the oceaD steamers. You will also see great plantations coconuts, and cargoes of copra—Wi. loaded for shipment to Portland, Sai. . Francisco, New Orleans. The new har bor at Legaspi, described in a recent number of the Journal, involves skill ful engineering and will quite transform the oldtime shipping methods you will find still used at Tabaco; both the old and the new are worth seeing. Not far beyond Tabaco, 20 minutes by automobile, are the Tiwi-Tiwi baths. Where streams of cold water and streams of boiling water issue from the lava beds close together, bath houses are built over pools dug in the lava; the temperature of ycur bath L control- ’ by sluice gates—very rtiishh^ n ■ I enjoyable. The volcanoes of th' regie. n m notorious rain-makers, 1 ulusau . • said,outranking the others. IJ•eiJpnu.j, therefore, knows no dry scasc ’ • Manila endures every year: ■?: coast, sultry and arid, y< • r. Pacific coast where every ibu: is f? and green, and showers a ; faith within 24 hours. The con-.ts ibc.i.iu in fish, the sea food you g"< a dee; j change. Bicolandia is well v.aut a summer’s visit; however, ?’ onb a w end is all you can spenx avu iana Manila1, this can be made to :<• ba^ Manila some Friday noo’>, • Lu gaspi Saturday morning, tour through out Sunday and part of Monday, and get back to Manila Tuesday evening. 10 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 Acapulco Or Purgatory Don Domingo Zalbaburu, a native of the Vascongada provinces who was taptainrgeneral of the Philippines eight years, Q781 tio 1709, gave the islands an administratkuL^free from domestic political turbulence and innocent of prosperity. Church and state were for the nonce half-reconciled to each other; there was cooperation between the rival authorities, sword and cross, but it boded few men little good—a period of notable negation it was, lacking the dynamic or the positive in either direction. Zalbaburu gathered partisans about him, as advisers, and made his brother, Don Francisco Zabalburu, castellan of Fort Santiago; and when this brother wished to take his wealth with him (and perhaps some of the governor’s too) and return to Spain, he easily got the post of general of the annual galleon. Zalbaburu wanted someone responsible to him, whom he could trust. He had no public opinion to consult, but only had his own con science to satisfy and the thing was done. The general’s post had nothing to do with navigating the vessel; it was a sinecure of high rank and pay, and the actual business of navi gation, details of office, fell upon underlings. Indeed, the Spaniards in the old-time galleon trade between Mexico and the Philippines were not master-mariners. They made the Pacific traverse with the luck of the bold rather than the skill of the navigator; yet we can not but admire their courage in putting to sea in the chirr .y .eft of their day, many of them built < f . timbers and doomed to strew thi- ntar.V d in a few years at most. Overloadc. as r jgular thing, wanting small boats aDOugh tor jw and passengers, often wanting extra -ails. :.eir departures were timed to coin-.cide •• Mi the trade winds, the bonancas and the \^cse or galleons, were of antiquated iv-fn TE> cabrias were strong, to sustain Af ur)*u>ldy sails. The helm was extraordiru’ril, kag. -ir better leverage, pulleys compenihc- b'ss of power. The compass was fri tMn cooper frames resting within ejch - her on small bolts. The upper works, g;i i>•□.! painted, rejoiced in the names of i • ■ vi . > g ■ ze the crews a confidence in heaven i " l i jir crude seamanship. This conb ■ re., overbore everything—typhoon, priv| ’ a. fire-at-sea. political and nat ure • u.-sb . Jes—else the Spanish effort in the ” ’ i. would have failed and with it would have ended a chapter in history of which the Spaniard wrote the beginning and the American is now writing where th<» Spaniard left off. The ' ej. ud r. - the galleons were Basque : -u • <’<M j ■ f. a folk known well to the < ' arJ’ -nsri: i-. < ring linen bleached by the tl«i a the boina, dating from F . c time.-:. i .sques had an im mense . i : ..c.’ a true Pyrennean fratemi ;< st.ra-.ge ,pwho drank wine from g< k ns. :-:r scr.pvd am, implored the saints a ,! inc Lvuy hs, and knelt re verently > Iphr-’:.: i ■ ing venturesome -d- ' aH,.y airi i •. r appy made them •j -tne '-i.bv’s joyous circle. • that Do:, i ncisco Zalbaburu OK g .'f ; -i Jie g..- ■ Nuestfa Seriora Pilar, ly. i/ at ’>;.v ; i. orage at Cavite J read’' fo thi . No galleon had .ome fro) '4 yirr> .n . '■ M ■ :here were many passengei ’ >t ■ < -u ...uch cargo to be carried. captain, a Basque, like Don Fran cisco, had under him a large crew and a contin gent of 88 marines. For months the Filipino caulkers at the Cavite yards had been busy hammering oakum into the seams of the galleon, cutting out pieces of rotten hull and skillfully mortising good wood in their places. Because of the perennial want of supplies in the royal almacenes at Cavite, even the sails were gen erously patched. Don Francisco brooded over the time-taking The true tale of a mercantile gal leon from Manila and the adven ture of death that 600 persons had on her .... By Percy A. Hill. repairs anxiously. When the captain said the galleon should be careened and her bottom cleaned of barnacles and seaweed, it was too much. The regular time of putting out to sea had long passed, adverse winds would be en countered. So, in spite of the unseaworthiness of the galleon, Don Francisco exclaimed to the captain, “Put to sea! Put to sea! Acapulco or Purgatory!” This epigramatic acerbity pleased everyone who wanted a quick dispatch of the galleon, including the captain-general. It displeased the sailors, ’but they were loudly argued down; and for some time, the chronicles say, Acapulco or Purgatory was the slogan of Manila folk in clined to take desperate chances, or who were forced by circumstances to share in reckless enterprises. As for Don Francisco, gallant and heedless man, he must have made Purga tory with his rash companions; for Acapulco still awaits his arrival. Leaky and overloaded, but assiduously bles sed, the Pilar left Cavite on her last voyage. Spreading her huge sails to a favorable wind, she passed Mariveles and faced the perils of the vast Pacific. She did not stand for the high latitudes, but, to make up time, struck straight across the midpacific. Storms blew up, and the crew were tirelessly engaged in working the ship. The presence of a retired judge-execu tive, an ex-member of the Audiencia, ruffled the amenities. This dignitary was jealous of his rank, and when a burly Basque seaman, Pedro by name, ordered him out of his way he became acrimonious. While he spluttered, but remained in the way of the busy sailor, the latter pushed him brusquely and landed him in the scuppers heels up. He righted himself, but the finery of his costume was soiled. He frothed for satisfaction, which he could not obtain in a gentleman’s manner from a fellow of Pedro’s humble rank, so he took his grievance to the ship’s officers. Pedro went on handling the rigging. This he had done from the outset of the voyage, with a skill inspiring confidence and making him popular, so nothing came of the complaint against him. The solemn jurist, Don Santiago Ponce, over whelmed by his inability to avenge his honor, refused to eat. It was vain for the gentle chap lain to suggest that he delay vengeance until the ship should dock at Acapulco. Don San tiago became utterly disconsolate, and went mooning about the snip alone, his face a study in sadness. Three days later, as the ship lunged along under full sail, Don Santiago climbed to the rail and flung himself into the sea, disap pearing quickly beneath a comber. Rescue, attempted, was impossible; Don Francisco had gone down for the last time long before the Pilar could be brought to a stop. Mass was said for his soul’s repose; that he had fallen overboard accidentally was the charitable face put upon the incident. Don Francisco was too preoccupied with the weakening condition of his ship to give heed to men who preferred to die of an indignity than live to avenge it. The Pilar sailed on once more, and reached the typhoon zone' a month out from Manila. The first storm that deluged the ship gave everyone cause to think of Purgatory as their probable destination. The galleon, battered unmercifully, sprung a series of leaks; the Pacific roared on, as if it wanted to oblit erate the ship wallowing so drunkenly in the gigantic seas. But at last the storm subsided to a gale, wailing through the shrouds in a mel ancholy monotone. Surges tumbled past, his sing, snarling; and above the dismal orchestra of wind and wave came the ominous thud of the pumps. Even in this plight, Don Francisco refused to lighten ship by jettisoning the cargo he had carried so far on her. Among the passengers the more timid grouped themselves under the lantern and gave them selves up to prayer. But the leaks were temporarily stopped and the pumps gave the ship a respite of life. Then, from the vast bosom of the Pacific, arose another violent typhoon; the devastating waves flooded the waist of the overloaded ship with a succession of deluges. The timid prayed again, but the danger grew more threatening hour by hour; days were frightful because of all that could be seen, nights unbearable for what could be heard, and not seen. The Pilar was carried off her course, into the deeps of the Pacific. New leaks sprung in her hull, the pumps could not contend against the waters flooding the hold—clear green jets spurted in from all sides. Even Don Francisco began to be alarmed. A passenger died of sheer fright. He was given formal burial, doubly solemn in the teeth of the storm, but the chaplain had to curtail the service {Please turn to page 22, col. 1) March, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 11 An Exporter’s Map and Trade Prospects for 1931 The above exporter's map of anticipated world markets for 1931 is reprinted from the Export Trade and Finance magazine of January 17, 1931. In the article accompanying the map, Archibald J. Wolfe says: "In the gray pall observable all over the world a year ago, there are but few isolated spots of returning brilliance, and many spots of increasing dark ness. There is not a single statistically de monstrable index of a turn in the tide. Most recent figures show declines in our exports, which it is idle to palliate. “There does not seem to be any prospect of generally improved export business during the next nine or perhaps twelve months. Barring unforseen developments.........there is a reas onable prospect of improvement about the fall of 1931 or a few months later. “Asia has felt the full brunt of the crisis no less than Latin America, Australia, India, East Indies, China and Japan, generally comprised, in the term Far East, have had a very bad year, and improvement during 1931 is indicated only in spots. “Australia is for the time being like a deflated balloon. Three to five years will pass, in the opinion of those who know, before she can effect any such readjustments as will bring about a situation even resembling well-being. Aus tralia’s troubles are agricultural, financial, economic, and industrial. With a population a little over 6,000,000, Australia’s unemployed number close to 200,000, although the curtail ment of imports by legislative measures did greatly encourage home production of neces sities.’’ 1930 was a season of the worst depression ever experienced in Japan. The lifting of the embargo on gold, the decline in the price of cocoons and rice, and the lessened demand in America for raw silk were all reflected in the shrunken volume of trade in Japan. Unemploy ment is serious. “Nevertheless, Japanese reports show a dis tinct improvement in the general tone of busi ness .... The industry in Japan is now better in shape to participate actively in world trade, if recovery sets in. “That ordinarily immensely rich region of rubber, tin, sugar, coffee and spice production, which includes Straits Settlements, British Malaya and the Dutch East Indies was in the t hroes of an acute economic crisis in 1930, though in the Dutch East Indies, due to diversity of crops, the situation was less difficiilt than else where in this region. “In the Philippine Islands there had been a surplus of agricultural produce from the preceding year, and the prices on copra, coconut oil and abaca dropped a great deal. Planters found them selves in difficulties, and the task of financing their enterprises proved a little beyond the ability of many. The Philippine Islands must await ar definite improvement in commodity prices before they can regain prosperity. Im portation of consumer goods fell off consider ably, but there has been a considerable expan sion on the part of largely Americamowned organizations which engagedin building, highway construction and motor transportation. “France until very close to the end of 1930 maintained leadership in European prosperity. Other countries which can look back upon a very satisfactory economic year are the Irish Free State, Denmark, Norway and Sweden, Holland. Great Britain, the heart of the British Empire, suffered from unemployment, loss of foreign trade, political trouble in India, tariff dissen sions with the rest of the Empire family and in the first days of 1931 experienced a serious coal strike. “The German people are like a ship wrecked company frantically trying to bail out a badly leaking lifeboat. “Political and exchange troubles shook Spain. But for this Spain’s position would have Deen quite favorable. Portugal, on the other hand, barely pulled through, and seems slated for another indifferent year. “The gold mining industry saved South Africa. Gold, by the way, was the one commodity in 1930 which did not depreciate. "Russian purchases during 1930 literally 'saved the situation for many American man ufacturers, importing close to $150,000,000 for the twelve months ending September 30, 1930. Will the Five-Year Plan fully succeed? How long will the people of Russia cooperate with the plans of her rulers?” "The need of the hour,” says Merryle Stanley Rukeyser in his article, What Wall Street is Talking About which appeared in Nation’s Business for January 1931, “is to find a for mula for turning the great and seemingly ex cessive productive capacity and efficiency of modern indust rial nations to the benefits of man kind. We have been suffering from the perils of plenty, rather than from a famine or an in sufficiency of products. The main problem is to balance human needs and wants against the capacity of business to turn out goods. “The trend, in the year just opening, is likely to be gradual, slow, irregular, despite false starts and checkmated rallies, toward more normal conditions. The promise is for bette’ business in the second half of the year than the first, and for somewhat larger ph^*'volume of trade and somewhat larger profits fu. the whole of 1931 than for the 12. months just passed. “Unless unpredictable events interfere with the process of recovery which are slowly in the making, it is likely that the fourth quarter of the new year will be the best,, and by that time business will be within hailing distance of computed nortnal, which allows for the normal expectancy of progressive growth.” “The world’s first metal base highway has been constructed in Illinois over a 150-foot stretch of experimental pavement. Another interesting factor is that the road is in the city of Springfield, of historical fame as the home of Abraham Lincoln. As explained by the engineers, the road has a carefully rolled and preDare■' .-cib-grade which the galvanized ano cor igned Arturo wrought iron base and curb are ’«id. A mastic sand cushion was placed on the bi;:e an 1 then a layer of brick with asphaltic fille: was pored into intercises. This provides an indestructable base with a smooth riding surface built into .the structure with a suffi'ient flexii to meet all changes in temperat >re. There arc several advantages ni such >? One is the opportunity for qui !• ' ioD>u pair should they be necessary, . r Hf" surface repairs. With a met u rath than a concrete base it will Ir possible u. remove the surface or repla sccimns <4 the surface with a minimum J 1 t>> traffic.”—Dun’s International E \ A tiny brick house that was l;c birthplace of America’s foreign trade 224 •?.)* ago was recently dedicated as a national shrine. Ii was the first customs house built and used for that purpose in the United States. It is at Yorktown, Virginia, and the governor of that state delivered the principal address at the dedication ceremonies. 12 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 THE BITTER AND THE SWEETER My! There is so much to write about this month there’s hardly anything to say! Vice Governor George C. Butte, who can speak firmly about revolutionists, is on the lid (in Baguio) while Governor Davis takes his family, some staff men and two cabinet officers on a goodwill tour through Ma laysia on the U. S. S. Pittsburgh. The settled Negros strike flares up periodically. Friends in the provinces tell us the govern ment is raising their taxes, while they can hardly sell their crops at any price—just what a blueblooded bureaucracy would do. “I must pare P4,800 from my expenses, and can’t send the boys to Manila to school this year,” writes a dis tressed planter whose farm the assessor revalues. We pre tended we needed a 15-member supreme court, and that the Manila nominees were immaculate, though confirming them w j Id have settled no less than three rivalries now troubling election slate-makers; we objected—that is, some of our j ewspapers did—to the Washington nominees on grounds hat they were political choices, and the whole costly v t was turned quite rightly into a fiasco. ■ i e wonders if the press best serves the vaunted coopera tion of the executive and the legislature (the government) when it ceases to be very critical. We believe it does not: that supreme-court affair never should have reached Wash ington. Nor should taxes be increased at this time. Nor should a hanse of lawyers, the so-called integrated bar association, be tolerated; and why is the press silent in the face of such presumption? Let’s begin to grow up to our responsibilities. And now let us comment on happier things. In chronological order of arrival, George O’Brien and Douglas Fairbanks have been here, both enjoying themselves a lot and leaving Manila with promises to return—mean while co praise our hospitality among persons who can still 'ord to buy steamship tickets. The press arrangements or these celebrities were well carried out, the newsreel shots— Fairbanks and Aguinaldo, for instance—will be good adver tising. James King Steele, tourist-bureau manager, and his voluntary aides are planting the see-the-Philippines seed in fertile ground; lots of it, too. The worst of the depression seems to be past, since it is corollary to that in the United States, where better times are reported. There are constant factors here mitigating market depressions: the rapid growth of population is one of them, the good treatment of the Philippines by congress is another. It shouldn’t be fashionable in the Philippines to belittle congressmen, or at least to belittle congress; that body, which has plenary powers over these islands, pursues a just course toward them; it has just dismissed, with no hope of passage, numerous bills against their welfare. This is courageous statesmanship that ought to be favorably no ticed. Garet Garrett has written a scries of three pungent open letters to George Horace Lorimer about the Philippines, and Lorimer has put them in the Saturday Evening Post as illustrated leading articles. Every critic can be criticised. We need critics all the time, too, because we are flattered too much and flatter ourselves too much. That is why it is so pleasant always to endorse Senator Osmena’s view that Filipinos should travel more. It is still pleasanter to see that they are following the suggestion; travel modifies the ego and extroverts the character, facts almost too obviously trite to be printed. Still, somewhat depends upon the age at which one tra vels—where he goes, why he goes. Which recalls ex-Governor Forbes’s visit to the Philippines in February. Ambassador Forbes, of mature years, did a good deal when he was a legislator-executive of the Philippines, and later when he was governor, to build roads, bridges, har bors and similar facilities. He did not restrain his interest in these improvements while he visited here in ;February; he talked about them as much as he could, and came out for a vehicular and railway tunnel under the mouth of the Pasig to connect the railroad with the south-harbor piers and relieve traffic in San Nicolas, Binondo, and Tondo. He said he thought that tunnel the paramount need of the is lands, and it is probably well that he does most such thinking up in Tokio instead of down in Manila. What of the north harbor, which is to be for freight and interisland ships? The railroad does debouch even at the south harbor, though not directly; it reaches the warehouses along the river, and turns its freight out of its little cars into big cascos; these cascos float the freight snugly alongside ships in the harbor and give them quick delivery at every hatch they care to work, and on both sides at one time. The intervention of the warehouses permits conditioning of cargoes for ocean shipment; the use of the cascos. river and canals is an economy always to be appreciated: since the arrastre service was farmed out, no one has complained that Manila is not an efficient harbor. It is certainly doubt ful that a subriver tunnel would ever pay maintenance costs, while the canals and the river are agreat areaways through the city—aside from their traffic utility. But it is nice of Governor Forbes to keep thinking about us, publishing books of laborious data about’us, and always wishing us well. It is said he will revise his book and bring all the data up to date. —W. R. March, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 13 Oil Milling Gaining Here The Philippines are supposed to grow about 1,4 of the world’s annual crop of coconuts, and nothing seems to stand permanently in the way of the industry’s progress. Sometimes when you are down at one of the piers seeing friends away, you may see tank barges along side the steamer working away for dear life with their centrifugal pumps; they have brought coconut oil down the river in bulk and are pumping it into tank space in the ship which has been rigor ously cleaned to receive it. Few men are employed in thus handling coconut oil, freight rates on such cargo must be cheap. Handled in a similar way at destination points, it goes from steamer to tank-car and out from the terminals to the inland factories utilizing it for soap, lard-substitute, margarine and other products. Coconut oil competes with cotton seed oil. whale oil, bean-oil—any oil that serves the purposes that it serves: ap plied chemistry is making all crude fats alike in the final analysis, but it is doubtful if any can be produced cheaper than coconut oil or give more satisfac tion to manufacturers. In modern times copra, from which the oil is taken, never sold cheaper than it has recently sold, in Manila; yet if there are buyers some profit can be made. The industry is not happy, but perhaps it is no more unhappy than its competitors are. Philippine coconut data are compiled carefully every year by Leo Schnurmacher, 61 Juan Luna, Manila, who has sheets of the tables printed for sale at nominal prices—something to help de fray the cost of the work. This year’s tables show last year’s Philippine crop of coconuts to have been 520,508 metric tons of copra, i. e., dried coconut meat in which the ex tractable oil content averages 58% of the weight. Copra exported was 171,825 metric tons; oil exported was the equivalent of 254,743 tons; oi' locally utilized was the equivalent of 17,241 tons; desiccated coconut used up fresh coconuts to the equivalent of 37,312 tons; and the difference between the estimated stock of 55,015 tons of copra in the islands January 1 and that of 94,402 tons in stock in the islands December 31 was 39,387 tons. The invoice value of copra and co conut produc.ts exported during 1930 was 1*72.995,901, divided thus: copra 1*25,086,450, coconut oil ex-tank Ma nila 1*37,381,003, copra cake and meal 1*3,264,948 (90,693 tons averaging P36 a ton), and desiccated coconut 1*7,263,500 (19,900 tonsaveraging 1*365a ton). Copra meal is first rate stock feed, a fact the Philippines are tardily taking advantage of in developing a swine industry; this meal, rice bran, and pro tein such as fish scrapfattenspigs quickly. Broker's data reveal paramount posi tion of Philippine mills over mills operating outside the Islands. Copra meal also battens chickens; would that a traveling exhibit of hogs and chickens fed upon the healthful feeds exhibited at the Philippine carnival could visit every town on Luzon and those in the Bisayas, with a scientist competent to talk to the people in their own languages—from all of which would come orders for blooded pigs and fowls, eggs, feed, incubators and brooders—a visible impulse to minor farm industries. But the time will never come when the Philippine copra crop is sold within the islands; of coconut oil the present ratio is 17 units ioca’ny utilized to 254 units exported; it is a part of the islands’ good fortune to have such a crop to trade for what they must buy abroad, and what they wish to buy abroad. Different from Japan’s basic crop, silk, coconut products are food; the woman who leadilv turns from silk-worm silk to rayon will keep on using cooking oils and fats in her kitchen, and coconut frosting on her cookies and cakes. A vital point of interest in last year’s coconut data is the evidence that econ omies effected in handling the oil have given the local mills an apparent advantage over mills located abroad, convenient to the customers for their oil. Philippine mills are near the source of the copra, their raw material, and did not fair badly last year: they are five, and during the-year they extracted and exported 147,751 metric tons of oil, from 254,743 metric tons of copra, which compares with the 171,825 tons of copra exported to mills operating elsewhere. In America, where Philip pine coconut oil is sold, foreign oil pays the heavy duty of 2^ cents gold per pound; Philippine oil and copra (from whatever source) enter free of duty. Formerly, about as much copra was exported as the local mills consumed; last year local mills produced 83,000 metric tons more copra than was exported. But the mills lacked 4,000 tons of selling all the oil they extracted: at the first of the year their stocks weic 10,761 tons, and at the end of the year they were 14,636 tons. Europe bought not a single ton of oil, though nearly all of the copra meal left from its extraction. The United States took all the oil and all the desiccated coconut, on which, from foreign sources, she levies a duty of 3J4 cents gold per pound. Manila handles about 4 5 of the copra crop of the islands; she exported 120,123 tons of the oil, Cebu ex ported 27,628 tons, the other ports none. Frorp how many coconut trees, car peting how many hectares, will come 520,508 metric tons of dried copra? Here is a field for tall talk. Each region, particularly each new region, most of them in Mindanao, brags of its heavyJACOB LEVY PHILIPPINE HATS Buntals Bamboos Calasiaos Balibuntals Correspondence Solicited 334 Misericordia Manila, P. 1. Cable Addreai: “TEXTILES” yielding coconuts, and when the talk is going good, estimates—yea, claims—as low as a picul from two trees are made, a picul being 137pounds. When such talcs stagger Luzon planters, Mindanao planters begin, with appropriate ges tures, telling how much larger their coconuts are than those of Luzon. Beginning, their spread-out hands indi cate a sphere about 9 inches in diameter; but their .elbows don’t stay put, their hands spread farther apart, and the coconuts they are descrTb’ng reach fabu lous sizes. Like the American west, Mindanao, in the Philippines, is the land of prom ise; truly its wonders are halfway beyond belief, and Mindanao enthus iasts never minimize them. It is as hard to get at the real productivity of a (Please turn to page 22, col. 1) OXYGEN Compressed Oxygen 99.5% pure I HYDROGEN I Compressed I Hydrogen | 99.8% pure ACETYLENE I Dissolved I Acetylene for I all purposes WELUiftS i I Fully ~.qu’pI ped Ox; -Ace ■ I tylenr .veil.; I ing > . i ■F' BATTERIES RjJ/ Prest-OIi’. it 11 Electric St< r'. N* age But1 Philippine Acetylene Os, 1 281 CALLE CRISTOBAL, I 1 MANILA, P. I. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 14 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 Notes On The New Books A Bengal Lancer turns philosopher and becomes a Yogi, is a guru for a young American in his travels in the Land of the Black Pagoda..........Beryl Hughes The Lives of the Bengal Lancer, by Francis Yeats-Brown. To those who live on the outside and who do most of their traveling and sight seeing through the medium of books, movies and the news reel, India is a fabulous country of squalor and glamorous beauty. To those who have lived there, known and studied conditions at first hand, it is still Of Interest to Automobile Owners NEW AUTOMOBILE BOX CAR Specially Built for Transportation of Automobiles Very Convenient for Auto-Owners Going to BAGUIO by RAILROAD CAPACITY: 3 5-passenger automobiles IMPORTANT FEATURES OF THE BOX CAR Closed on all sides Equipped with Anchorage and Chain Fastenings, Auto mobile enters and leaves Box Car on its own power. No covering needed. Protected from Sun and Rain. Safe from Scratches or Damage while in transit. AUTOMOBILES ACCEPT ED AS BAGGAGE IN BOX CAR Automobiles intended for personal use and not for sale, will be transported in the BOX CAR at baggage rates when taken on same train by bona fide owner holding a first-class ticket for each automobile. To Damortis P18.00 for each 5-passenger automobile, and P20.00 for automobile of greater capacity. To Bauang or San Fernando, Union, rates are P20.00 and P22.OO per ! automobile respectively. j 36 HOURS’ NOTICE required when pasj ---------------------------------------- senger desires to take I his automobile as baggage in this Box Car. Auto- I mobile must be at the Ramp 30 minutes before scheduled leaving time of Train. Automobile not transported beyond destination i of owner as shown on ticket MANILA RAILROAD COMPANY j I All books reviewed in this department are sold by the Philippine Education Co., Escolta, unless otherwise stated the strangest and most fascinating of all the lands on this earth. Francis Yeats-Brown went to India as a soldier—an officer trained at Sand hurst to take his place in the army as an officer and an English gentleman. His adventures and travels more than justify the title of the book—he lived several vastly different lives; that of the soldier, sportsman, traveler and student of philosophy. He did his duty as an officer of the corps d’elite of the Indian army well, and describes with interesting detail his fellow officers at work and play. The thrills and breathless excitement of pig-sticking; polo and polo-ponies, two things dear to the heart of the British officer in India; their dogs, inti mate companions of their leisure; the mess and also the fighting. When the World war transferred the attention of England from the inces sant skirmishes along the Indo-Afghan frontier to western Europe, Yeats-Brown became an aviator and served in Mesopotamia. In making a flight over the Turkish lines, he was captured, marched across the Arabian desert, and after months of imprisonment he es caped. The end of the war brought him back to India again. Soldiering, never the dominate inter est of his life, now gradually gave way before a subject that had long fascinat ed him—the study of the occult lore of the Hindus, Vedatism, the philos ophy of the Brahmins and Yogi. He would take off his uniform, don the cos tume of an Afridi, and wander about in search of knowledge, a thing that no English officer in the tales of Kipling would have dreamed of doing. He was genuinely fond of the Indian peo ples, another incredible trait in an Eng lish officer. In fact, most of his fellow officers although they liked him immense ly, thought him a bit mad and raised questioning eyebrows at some of his adventures. To attain the object of his study he goes in search of the great teacher with whom he had had an early contact. He finds him sitting under a large um brella deep in meditation. The guru shows no surprise at seeing the English man and informs him that for six years he has awaited his coming. But before he can become a believer he must go away and live out his life as a soldier. He must suffer more, must work out his karma, then he will be ready to be gin his study. Francis Yeats-Brown travels the length and breadth of India on a special mission, but ever uppermost in his mind is his preparation for his meeting with Siri. In a clear, concise manner he describes the lives of the peasants, the bazaars, the temples, the festivals and the ever present feeling of mystery and aloofness of this land of splendor and misery. He delves into the beliefs of (Please turn to page 18, col. 1) IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 15 | SCENES FROM COMING SHOWS | Right here at your left are three twosomes as typical of the Hollywood scene as any twosome could be: First, Loretta Young and a chap they call John Barrymore, in The Man From Flankley's, coming to the Lyric. Second, Myrna Loy and Jos6 Bohr in Rogue of the Rio Grande, coming to the Radio. Tliird, Constance Ben nett and Stephen MacKenna, in Sin Takes a Holiday, coming to Radio. Westerns starring John Mack Brown are in variably as good melodrama as can be screened, and here you see him and Wallace Beery in Billy the Kid. Great possibilities. This picture will be at the Ideal. The other shot from a west ern shows Lina Basquette and George Duryea in The Dude Wrangler, coming to the Radio. Of course you see your favorite, Ruth (’hat terton? That’s Basil Rathbone with her, they are doing a scene in A Lady of Scandal, coming to the Ideal. Next to them are Myrna Kennedy, James Murray, and Eddie Borden—a scene in The Rampant Age, coming to the Radio. There's an inset of Eddie Cantor in Whoopee, coming to the Lyric. Lower row: George Marion and Grace Moore in .4 Lady's Morals, in which Beery plays Bar num and the piece depicts the life of Jenny Lind, in the days of our fathers and the Goulds, the Grant administrations, and the Star Route The LYRIC offers you the utmost in mo tion pictures—as evidenced by the following list of superb Talking Productions to be exhibited soon “WHOOPEE!” Eddie CANTOR 100% Talking—Singing—Dancing NIGHTS of NEW YORK 100% Talking and Singing John BARRYMORE “The Man From Blankley’s” 100% Talking “TAMING OF THE SHREW” FAIRBANKS-PICKFORD ALL-TALKING THE BEST IN SOUND MOTION PICTURES Frauds the Swedish Nightingale. "If between you and me the public isn’t skinned, my name isn’t Barnum nor your name Jenny Lind.” That was considered a wisecrack in those simple, rugged times. The piece will be at the Ideal. Next we have Miriam Scegar cruelly abusing a helpless man in a piece they call Big Money, coming to the Radio. Last we have Robert Montgomery and Benny Rubin in Im in the Rough, coming to the Ideal.—IF. R. The Man From Blankley’s John Barrymore comes to the Lyric in the moving picture version of the famous stage play of the same title. Turn ing from his usual role as the screen’s greatest lover to light comedy, he plays the part of a gay London lord who starts out innocently enough to visit an old gentleman interested in antiqua rian research, but stumbles into the house next door where he is mistaken for the hired guest who has been hired to add eclat to the dinner being given by the climbing Tidmarshes to their wealthy Chicago uncle. Lord Strathpeffcr meets the pretty governess of the Tidmarsh’s precocious child and recognizes her as a former sweetheart whom he has not been able to forget. He is the center of at tention at the dinner; is appropriated by the fierce, fussy old ladies; and suspected by all the men; heckled by the young daughter of the house. He is accused of burglary and thrown into the street. He returns by way of the kitchen, joins the servants in a celebration and is discovered there by the police inspector who is looking for Lord Strathpeffer because he mis sed his appointment next door. The Tidmar shes and their guests find to their horror that they have insulted a real lord. V- h . : th<re offering their apologies he whisks ..!>■• governess away. John Barrymore is a splendid ac> . few better, but this sort of r61e is hardly his forte iusp:te of the fact that outside of Hamlet and Jekvl and Mr. Hyde his most famous successes -avt been in comedy. \ Whoopee is Eddy Cantor at his bestx^ h ilm COMMENCING FRIDAY, MARCH 13 WILLIAM HAINES broadcasts laughs, thrills, romance in REMOTE CONTROL The Thrilling Broadway Stage Hit! with Charles King—Mary Doran COMING Forel Watch out for the fastest, funniest golf comedy you ever saw! It’s a winner! with ROBERT MONTGOMERY DOROTHY JORDAN BENNY RUBIN LOVE the ROUGH IDEAL COMING KING VIDOR’S Mighty Production ; “BILLY THE I J < JOHN MACK BROWN WALLACE BEERY , Kay Johnson—Karl Dane I A mighty drama of the West that was! I IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL. 16 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 Here’s how to get Manilas! Genuine Manila Hand Made Long Filler Cigars are obtainable in your city or nearby! List of Distributors furnished upon request to— C. A. BOND j Phiiippiij Tcbacco Ager;: IS William? Street New York City Collector r>f . interna: ReVe lue Mei la, P i. MAN I L A S made under sanitary conditions will satisfy your taste I (Health Bulletin No. 28) Rules and Regulations for the Sanitary Control of the Factories of Tobacco Products. “Section IS. Insanitary Acts.—No person Engaged in the handling, preparation, processing, manufacture, • packing of tobacco product or ^ijervising such employment, shall erform, cause, permit, or suffer to be permitted any insanitary act during such employment, nor shall any such person touch or contaminate any tobacco products with filthy hands or permit the same to be brought into contact with the tongue or lips, or use saliva, impure water, or other unwholesome substances as a moist ening agent;...”. in technicolor it is a musical comedy without equal. Apparently everything was going smooth ly at the Morgan ranch, but actually there was a great deal beneath the surface. Sally Morgan was in love with Wanenis, an Indian who had gone away to learn the white man’s customs. In his absence the girl’s father was forcing her to marry the sheriff. On her wed ding day, the tall handsome Indian returns and Sally knows she cannot marry the sheriff. Real izing that his Indian blood is a barrier Wanenis disappears. Sally is desperate and as a last resort she appeals to Henry Williams (Eddie Cantor) to help her. Henry is a nervous wreck, who imagines that he is suffering from all the ills to which the flesh is subject. He has come to the ranch to regain his health. The two leave the ranch in an old battered Ford. Out on the desert they run out of gasoline. They hold up an approaching limousine, steal gas from it and leave the occupants stranded on the desert with all their tires cut. Night comes on and the two in the Ford lose their way and seek shelter at a nearby ranch never dreaming that it is the ranch of the people whom they held up earlier in the day. To save themselves they assume the r61e of cook and maid. Then Sally’s father and the sheriff arrive in search of the elopers and the two make a dash to the Indian reser vation with the pursuers behind them. There they find Wanenis. It all ends happily and is beautifully and perfectly staged. It smacks in spots of E\ J. Rath’s famous play, The Nervous Il'rccfc now being rehearsed by the Community Players. Eddie Cantor is excellent and the whole play is well stocked with laughs and charm ing musical numbers. Decidedly worth seeing. Love in the Rough: Coif, music, love and comedy furnished by Benny Rubin, make this picture amusing and quite tolerable. Dorothy Jordan and Robert Montgomery star. Billy the Kid. King Vidor directs this story of the life of the famous outlaw of border days who had killed 21 men before he was 21, and makes it more than just a western. John Mack Brown plays the lead and Kay Johnson is the girl who persuades him to become an honest man. Wallace Beery as the sheriff and Warner Rich mond make up the supporting cast. Sin Takes a Holiday. You guess what the movie will be from that title and I'll wager that you will not come any nearer to right than I would if I tried to speak Russian. It is really a fairly good movie at that. All about a Tillie the Toiler secretary who becomes the wife in name only of her wealthy employer to save him from marriage with a designing woman whom he does not love. The man docs not love his sec retary either, but we are to believe she is the lesser of two evils, which is not hard after seeing Constance Bennett in Common Clay and other plays. For her unselfishness (who wouldn’t be under such circumstances) she goes to Paris, is pursued by many men, buys ravishing clothes, jewels and furs and has what we would call a keen time. In spile of it all, she loves only her husband and—she wins him. Now if you can figure out just where sin came in or where it spent its holiday from that, you are better guessers than we. Stephen MacKenna, Basil Rathbone, Rita LaRoy and Louis Bartels complete the cast. Here is a clue. Maybe Basil Rathbone is the devil in disguise—he is suave enough. Radio. Big Money. Now here is a combination of players that is hard to beat, James Gleason, Eddie Quillan and Robert Armstrong. Remem ber (Reason and Armstrong in Oh Yeah/ Add Eddie Quillan to that team and there is fun and chuckles in store for any audience. Personally we wouldn’t miss it for the best of the movie shieks. Radio. Second Honeymoon. They are not so good. They are apt to be like the second piece of pic— not quite as good as the first one. Here is the story—Jimmy Challoncr was lucky or the re verse, according to how you look at situations similar to his. Two wonderful, desirable women were in love with him. One offered him the glamor and romance of the stage—of midnight suppers, of Bohemian camaraderie. The other offered him the affection of a sheltered life, of the woman who puts her whole trust in one man. Our guess is that the latter had a hard struggle on her hands against such competition. She goes on a second honeymoon and leaves her husband at home. Brave woman! Ruby M. Ayers wrote the story, now you figure out the ending. Josephine Dunn, Edward Earle and Ernest Hillard complete the cast. At the Radio. The Rampant Age. Do you know what your daughters and sons are doing? If you do, you are exceptional parents, most of them have very little idea and what seems stranger, do not seem to care much. The Rampant Age coming to the Radio is a picture of some of the high school life as lived by some of the students. It is a bit exaggerated, but on the whole pretty fair. The day of the sweet girl graduate went out when synthetic gin came in. Radio. A Lady's Morals. If you think that you are through with singing films, postpone your re solutions not to attend another one until you have seen and heard Grace Moore, prima donna of the Metropolitan opera in this, her screen debut. Charming, young, beautiful, and sweet, she is the perfect choice to portray the life of Jenny Lind, the Swedish nightingale who charm ed the opera goers of a generation ago. Why such a title A Lady’s Morals was chosen for the story of the life of Jenny Lind is puzzling, but movie producers are like that. Certainly, Jenny Lind was about the most blameless singer who ever rose to fame and fortune and the pic ture does, not make her other than she was. It is the story of the famous singer and a young composer who loved her and followed her wherever she went, using every ruse possible to bring himself to her attention. Graciously, she refuses his love. She loses her voice and her would-be lover brings his uncle, a famous teacher, to restore it. Jenny is touched by his devotion, but he leaves her because the doctors have told him he is losing his eyesight. They arc reunited finally when Jenny Lind makes her famous appearance at Castle Garden in New York under the management of P. T. Barnum, of circus fame. RADIO THEATRE COMING ATTRACTIONS CHESTER MORRIS BETTY COMPSON in “The CASE of SERGEANT GRISCHA” BIG MONEY with EDDIE QUILLAN ROBERT ARMSTRONG JAMES GLEASON A PATHE TALKING PRODUCTION “The ROGUE of the RIO GRANDE IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 17 SERVICE COLUMN The Journal wishes to be helpful to its readers in a neighborly way, and will tentatively undertake to publish under the above heading the miscel laneous inquiries it receives.—Ed. Money to loan on Manila real estate.— One sum is PIO,000 to be loaned at 12%, another is P30,000 to be loaned at 10%. If you want this money, the Journal will forward your name and address without charge. Farther it will not go. A Monthly Pension is guaranteed your family until the youngest child is educated, then the Face Value of the Contract is paid your wife with out any deduction. This new contract does the work of sev eral insurance policies—but with the premium of one policy. It is the new Family Income Contract, exclusively with the INSULAR LIFE. C. S. SALMON General Agent P. O. Box 734, Manila If you have things of material value to sell, such as real estate, this column will list them free for you if you are an individual. Companies must use paid space. You may also address us about Mss. and where and how to sell them. V. SINGSON ENCARNACION J. McMICKING President Manager Insular Life Assurance Company, Limited (This Company makes Loans on improved Manila Real Estate) We don’t know whether this column will take or not. But let’s try. One thing in demand in Manila is antique furniture. If provincial readers have some, this column will publish descrip tions, and prices wanted. While it runs, this column will also answer in quiries, and confidential inquiries will be answered by letter. Address: Service Column, P. O. Box 1638, Manila. For information helping settle up an estate readers ought to furnish the Journal with the names of any Tolmans or Groves they know in the islands, or elsewhere, with their present addresses if known or other data leading to their The West Coast Life Insurance Company offers a full line of modern life insurance contracts designed to meet every need of business or personal protection. For particulars and quotations consult the Philippine Branch Office West Coast Life Insurance Co. Kneedler Building Manila, P. I. Telephone 2-36-74 present whereabouts. Don’t bother about data in the City Directory, we can forward that. W. C. Cox & Com pany, Federal Reserve Bank Building, Chicago, want this information. You can send it direct to them if you wish, and it would be kind of you to mention this notice. “The Tariff Commission acknowl edges, with thanks, the receipt of your letter of November 21, and of copies of the November and December issues of your journal. “Please be assured that your courtesy in placing the commission’s library on your mailing list is appreciated.’’ PEOPLES BANK PROGRESSES The Peoples Bank’s progress during 1930 was shown in the report to the stockholders’ meetingwhich reelected the directors of 1930for 1931 :Wm. J.Shaw, N. E. Mullen, E. M. Bachrach, Carlos Palanca, Ramon J. Fernandez, C. Perez, John W. Haussermann, John W. Craig, Francisco Ortigas, W. J. Odom, Amos G. Bellis, with Shaw as chairman. Mullen e,atinues as president, of course; Wm. Douglas, Ra mon J. Fernandez, Carlos Palanca, E. M. Bachrach. vice presidents; Castor P. Cruz, secretary; Ismael Zapata, comptroller; Allen L. Dwyre, assistant treasurer; Nicasio Osmefia, assistant secretary. This bank has already adopted a policy of branching into the provinces, choosing strategic points; the report listed branches at Baguio, San Fernando (Pampanga), San Pablo, and Tarlak, with a subagency at Santa Cruz and another contemplated for Pagsanjan. Ortigas (chairman), Palanca, Craig, Haussermann, Shaw, Mullen, Fernandez are the executive committee. Commercial accounts have shown a steady progress with an increase from 1,000 to 1,362 accounts for the year. The savings departments have shown a steady increase for the year, savings deposits having increased from Pl, 185,690.41,to P2,208,209.82, with an increase in individual depositors from 5,000 to 9,961. The total resources of the bank i.v from 1’14,975,383.87 to P17,55 -.J 32, os ; gain of 1’2,578,863.45. Salesofthebank’sstockmadein in- market dar ing the past year averaged from Ilf o 120 •. share. The Peoples Mortgage and In\ estment Cm" pany, a subsidiary company of the bank, h paid up capital of 1’327,500.01' mnsistif) 10,000 shares of preference stock at- 1’20.Oh ' value, and 24,000 shares (no par) . la<s "--V “B” stock. This company since h .:■'■■it. j : has been highly successful, having imt ii in payments ot seven and one-half p. r <=■-. T per annum and an extra one-half w ..ef. ■ , in July 1930 on the preference sh: r >. ii, addition, a dividend of five per 1 5 declared and paid on its class "A” and "i5‘ shares in July 1930. On the present capitalization the company is earning 8 per cent per annum on the preference stock and approximately 13 per cent on the class “A” and “B” shares. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 18 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 19' Notes on the New Books (Continued from page 12} the thousands of cults that divide the principal religions of India. Then he again appears before his teacher. He is ready to begin his studies. They are deep and intangible, but as his body responds to the prescribed exercises and purifications, his mind is made ready to receive the teachings that are a combination of all religions and recognizable as none. The Bengal Lancer is perhaps one of the most extraordinary books on India ever written by a westerner. Few western ers have had either the desire, the patience or philosophical trend of mind to reach an intelligent understanding of the Indian people and their religions. HAWAII ON Canadian Pacific Steamships The opportunity has come to travel to Honolulu on a WHITE EMPRESS ('lynmencing with the EMPRESS OF CANADA April *nt’. a$d EMPRESS OF JAPAN May 18th, these modern ges; md fastest ships on the Pacific will call at Honolulu en ,Oi.\e ) Victoria and Vancouver. INTERCHANGE PRIVILEGES First Cabin through tickets carry the privilege of travelling from Honolulu by the following lines: (a) To Victoria and Vancouver by Canadian Australasian Royal Mail Line. (b) To San Francisco by Matson Navigation Co. (c) To Los Angeles by Los Angeles S. S. Co. Second Cabin tickets to Victoria and Vancouver are inter changeable at Honolulu w’ith the Canadian Australasian Royal Mail Line. THE WHITE EMPRESS ROUTE TO AMERICA CANADIAN-PACIFIC WORLD’S GREATEST TRAVEL SYSTEM Major F. Yeats-Brown is a student by nature with the poet’s love of the strange, fantastic and the glamorous. Know ing that, his desire to become a Yogi is not difficult to understand. The book is well written in a style fitting to the author’s purpose. To be really under stood and appreciated, it should be read several times. The manner of writing, that at times seems aimless and choppy at first reading, then appears forceful and beautiful. The Land of the Black Pagoda, by Lowell Thomas should be read in con junction with the Bengal Lancer, for this man was responsible for a great many interesting experiences had, and the many here-to-fore neglected places the author saw in India. Together the two men traveled for months, and Y. b as Lowell Thomas calls the Lance , taught him to see with understanding the scenes of fantasy and mystery they unfolded before them. The bock is dedicated to Francis Yeats-Browi* and contains a picture of the Yogi stedier in his uniform. y Hearing one day in a British can^» in Asia Minor during the war, an officer describe the Black Pagoda, Lowej) Thomas decided to go see this weird temple which is considered by some ’H, be the finest of all the temples in India He landed at Cape Comorin, the apC of the immense triangular land of Indi . He planned to stay for two months, bi instead he remained for two year With Y. B. as his guru he started on journey that took the two men bar and forth across the country for a tot distance of over 60,000 miles—more tha twice the distance around the work at the equator. Much of the material used in th book is not new to readers who ha^ read travel books on India, but tl method of handling and the views e: pressed arc stimulating and origins Lowell Thomas is a mixture of Richar Halliburton and Burton Holmes an . fortunately not completely like eithe . The photographs are excellent and nt merous enough to adequately illustrat the high lights of the book. The chapters on the work done b. the British in India in the past furnisi some of the most interesting readinu in the book. Having to work agains the insidious interference of the fanatic who work on the superstitions of th people, the agitators who foment trou ble on the slightest provocation, an, the great ignorance of the people, th British have gone steadily ahead in thei program of improving living condition in a country from the people of whic) they have received only abuse for thei' pains. The results have been colossa’ but is only a small beginning. Thoma says, “These men who have worke< the miracle are just ordinary men. Jus beef-eating, whisky drinking English men who smoke pipes and play tenni and will be retired with their pension as soon as it is possible to replace then by Indians. . . . They have made India a country. Given time they will make it a nation, in spite of the Indians!’ Two men are responsible, figuratively speaking, for keeping India together. Jack Sepoy, the native soldier, and th( native police. “If we can win over th< police, we have won India!” That it the cry of agitators throughout India It is quite true. The agitators cannot understand why the police refuse to be won and it is strange when you considei that his pay is only $7.00 per month and on that he must feed and clothe his family. There arc 193,000 police men in the 247 million square miles of British India. “They have achieved a miracle of order and integrity. They haven’t advertised their difficulties, that’s all, but it is a miracle none the IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 19 less, that so few men, so poorly paid, should keep India ‘safe for the agita tor. ’ ” Lowell Thomas’s book is fascinating and well written. A glance at the in dex will prove how thoroughly the au thor has covered his subject. It is not just a book of travel. It is a sincere effort to convey something of the beauty and lure of India, its people, its religions and its problems; it is not the work of a tourist who made a flying trip, came away with a few hasty and poorly found ed impressions and said, “this is India.” The author spent two years on his sub ject, and then only made a small dent in its possiblities. “It is an inexhaust ible mine with more ore-bearing veins of human interest than any other section of the earth.” Margaret Fuller, by Margaret Bell. In her biography of Margaret Fuller, Miss Bell has presented a human in terest story of an extremely courageous and interesting woman, and also a very excellent, picture of the literary and cultural world of our country in the early 19th century. Margaret Fuller was born in 1810. Living in an age when any woman who used he/ head or showed any inclination toward studiousness was considered a bit of/ color, she blazed the trail for the intellectual emancipation of women and paved the way for feminine writers, thinke’s and educators. She was the friend of Waldo Emerson, Bronson Alcott, Horace Greely and later Robert Browning. Not only was she a friend of these talented men, but at different times, aided them in the work they were doing. She taught in Alcott’s school; worked on Horace Greely’s paper and edited the Dial when it first appeared riv.d tie :cii.>t’<-.:- <>.. cLc ■it vLis si •’ugg>r iib'1 «:ub*iM'»us intihopes; new educational theories that seemed revolutionary in that day, but ire now a part of our every day school ife. Margaret Fuller was a part of t all. She was in demand everywhere ind she gave herself freely and whole heartedly even at the price of her health. Because of her intimate association with ,hese writers, thinkers and educators, 'eaders of her biography learn much of the literati of her time. Margaret Fuller was a noble charicter. She was devoted to her heme, husjand ..and child. Fortunately for hunanisy she was not stifled by them, scarcely ever did she seem free to devote lerself wholly to her private life and nterests—her time and sympathy were it the command of all who had need of ler tenderness or genius—yet she ac complished an amazing amount of work. Today her writings are perhaps not so nteresting or valuable for their literary merit as they are for the revelation of the struggle women had to take their place along side men in creative work. If women had splendid minds, which most men doubted, they were expected to devote them to embroidery, housekeep ing, their children and husbands as God intended they should, and leave the world of affairs to the men. Margaret Bell is interested primarily, in writing her book, in the portrayal of an unusual woman and the place she made for herself in an hostile world. Her style is simple, clear and unadorned. She accomplishes the task she set her self to in an altogether satisfactory man ner. Cakes and Ale by Somerset Maugham. The blurb on the fly leaf says that, “The Look for thU COLD SE'kL CUSTOM-BUILT AT YOUR COMMAND Fourteen pen nib3 to choose from... a varied assortment of beautiful, col ored holders... and the pleasure of curing the pen that exactly suits >.every writing requirement. ■e are the advantages of the new trsharp Interchangeable can i.h>-e the ideal nib to four riting-stroke. •>>i “elect any Lv '.older you ' your ' -^bles >auv!y. It is yo-. 1 - - rnmmand. ■ie. th new Wahl-' rp idea i:< foaulr: pens. Test this . -1 i- pen you self. Write with it. dri! EVERSHAK* PENS-PENCILS MoWo fry Wahl Co.. <M<w.V.S.A. PHILIPPINE EDUCATION CO., INC.—Distributors Y ■ \ natural love of a simple-hearted genius at prostitution and the literary prostitu tion of a synthetic genius are the com plementary themes of this novel.” Ro sie, the barmaid, was the first Mrs. Drif field and also the simple-hearted genius who gave freely of her love and beauty to her many lovers. Mr. Driffield, the grand old man of English letters, rever ed by his countrymen, is a “triumph of mediocrity.” His respectable second wife placed him on a pedestal, sur rounded him with an aura of greatness and genius, called the faithful to wor ship and did a great job at converting the skeptics. What a situation for the irony and scathing cynicism of Maugham! With (Please turn to page 34, col. 3) N RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 20 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 An Ifugao Reprisal (Continued from page 7) pared to draw out his lance was childish in its agony. Bending down, he recognized Likyayu, weighted down with the boasted deer. In horrified amazement he demanded, "Why dist thou not reply to my warning call?” And through bloody lips Likyayu gasped, "I... heard... naught...” "The gods of destruction have cursed me! I thought thou wert a Tinguan seeking my head! Never would I have harmed thee!” Quickly, skillfully, Dumauwat removed the lance, binding the wound with his clout. Hastily retrieving his blanket to use as a sling, he lifted the boy to his back, bound him in the blanket and carried him as Ifugao mothers carry their babes. Back down the trail Dumauwat bore Likyayu. Secure in his footing as the deer in the ravines, half running yet not jolting the agonized boy, he hastened homeward, his heart stirred by a new and strange sympathy for the sufferings of another. Gaining the shadowy group of huts, he pushed his way to the circle of light thrown by the village fire and gave voice to the savage cry of disaster. "Hyah, hyah, to my aid! Come quickly to my aid! Behold the evil fortune that has over taken Likyayu! I, I myself have inflicted the wound!” Women and girls and those men who were not watching their crops come rushing from the huts. Dumauwat loosed his burden, and laid Likyayu tenderly on the ground before the fire. Ordinarily cruel, rejoicing in inflicting pain, the boy’s torment seemed his own. With sharp cries the women ran for herbs and ointments. Ngahiu came from the shadows and with wide and frightened eyes sank beside him, lifting his head into her lap with new-born tenderness. “Ai, ai, Likyayu,” she wailed, "What has befallen thee? What spirit of evil has lead thee tb;-undoing?” And she busied herself bathus ’rit'» soft damp leaves. mere tender emotions, the Ifugaos know but little. Sordid drudgery is the women’s share in life. Already the child Ngahiu had done her part in the rice paddies, bending day by day, as she stood ankle deep in the muddy water, separating the young plants, setting them out with nimble fingers. Her graceful car riage bespoke the many burdens she had car ried on her head; her sarong, her ability at the heavy and clumsy loom. Now for the first time love surged within her, and the child woman suffered with one she could not aid. “Darling one, thou wast so late. I feared for thee, Likyayu, my betrothed.” And her childish tears fell fast. “The deer... I sought... the deer... for thee. First... gift...” his voice broke in anguish. Ngahiu knelt beside him. Crooning over him, soothing him, occasionally her voice rose to a wail that tore the silence of the night. The village priests gathered around the replenished fire, beating their gongs, singing incantations. The cries of the boy’s suffering were lost in the din. Gently the women filled his wound with ointment, and bound it with leaf pulp, but the blood still flowed from his lips and mingled with his anguished cries. In the midst of all this confusion, Dumauwat was alone with a new emotion. Stolidly, his heavy brain was first sensing pity; a strange sensation in the savage breast of an Ifugao! Going to the shack, he returned with a jar of fiery rice-wine, and knelt beside the child urging him to drink. Tenderly Ngahiu lifted Likyayu’s head, and through pain-hazed eyes he saw the new-born love light veiled by pity in her face. Swaying from side to side in rhythm with the chant of the priests she murmured, “Likyayu, I love thee; depart not from me.” Gasping he replied, “Kind... thou... art. I... would... live... for... thee.” The village runners were hastily recalled from the fields and sent to bring swiftly Likyayu’s people. Fleetly running with unbroken step over hidden trails, their message of evil tidings winged their feet. With a monotony that hypnotized, the beat ing of the gongs continued for hours. Dumauwat stood with arms folded across his breast gazing upon Likyayu and heard his weakening gasps. Turning, he approached the chief priest, Dilagan, old and wrinkled. “Appease thou now the god of death, if need be, with all my remaining possessions. Pray thou that the child be not taken to his ancestors?’ At a signal from the aged priest, the gongs ceased with a terrific clash of the cymbals. The priests and the learned ones drew apart in consultation. The wind sighed through the pines and the stream tumbled noisily over the rocks. Then Dilagan, the venerable, returned and announced that the anitos—spirits of the dead—demanded sacrifice; the sacrifice of a pig. Dumauwat sat motionless apart from the others, his head upon his knees. When Dilagan ceased his harangue, he rose and going to his hut untied a grunting pig, and slung it, squealing, across his shoulders. He laid it on the sacrificial altar imploring the gods to spare the boy. With savage cruelty the animal was hamstrung, then dismembered while still alive. The dying moon, rising over the eastern mountain tops threw a weird and ghostly light over the strange scene, and in the flickering fire light, the faces of the ugly wooden gods seemed to twist in hideous grimmaces. The priests examined the bile sack of the pig, then gravely conferred. It was misplaced and but poorly filled out; an evil and ominous omen. Holding aloft his bloodstained blade, Dilagan summoned Dumauwat to kneel before the altar, while he as spokesman of the gods, in quivering voice, passed judgment on the unfor tunate man. “Thou art accursed! Thy sacrifice is re jected of the gods! His ancestral anitos -await the coming of the soul of Likyayu!” The wailing broke out anew. 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Bookings at 208 Juan Luna MADRIGAL COMPANY Phones 2-19-60 and 2-19-46 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 21 The pungent pine smoke from the fire rose and fell with the chilly gusts of wind that swept through the little valley. Ancestral wraiths seemed hovering near. In the east, the sharp peaks of the distant mountain range could be traced by aline of palest gray. The sickly moon was past the zenith. The women had grown weary with the dance. Some had dropped out to renew the fire; some slept, worn out with labor and emotion. The noise of the gongs grew less—stopped, the heavy eyed priests, gorged with the sacrificial pig, withdrew. Ngahiu and Dumauwat kept vigil. More and more feebly came the gasps of Likyayu. Squat ting close to the children, crouching in silent misery, Dumauwat thought of the penalty he must pay should Likyayu die. By the code of the Ifugao law he would be a murderer should the boy die. The Ifugao law knows no mercy and makes no exception. Stooping over the boy, Dumauwat implored him to remain in his household; “Likyayu, leave us not! Thou knowest that I meant not to harm thee. I called to thee, but thou answered not!” “Father of Ngahiu, ... I heard . . . thee . . . not. The rushing ... of. . . the waters . . . the wind ... I bear thee no grudge . . . but I think . . . that the . . . anitos ... of my . . . an cestors . . . call . . . me!” Likyayu’s breathing became more and more labored. Ngahiu leaned close to catch his whispered words. “Ngahiu, I love. . . thee. . . great ly. .. little bride. I... brought thee. . . the . . . deer.” The gray of the dawn turned rosy. The runners returned, and close behind them came Malingan, the father of Likyayu. Breaking through the arous ed circle of villagers, he knelt beside his son. and besought him to arise and return to the home of his fathers. But seeing death in Likyayu’s eyes, he turned uponDumauwat in savage anger. “Dog! I trusted thee with mv and thou hast slain him! Knowest thou not friend from foe, child from man, Oh stupid carabao?” Dumauwat sprang from ‘he ground, dignity replying to anger. “Thy son is my son. As such I received him into my household. He heard not my warning call.” Weakly Likyayu begged his father to forgive. “The fault. . . was. . . mine. I listened. . . not,” he said. With a cry of anguish, as the blood spurted from his ashy lips he cried, “Father, keep. . . me. . . with thee! The... gods.. . call. . .” Ngahiu’s arms closed about him as he fell back and her childish treble rose on the air as his spirit joined the throng of his ancestors. Bending over him, her thick, waving black hair hid them in a veil of mourning. Ma lingan shoved her roughly aside, and throwing himself on his knees, gazed on the face of his dead. In stolid misery Dumauwat stood, his arms raised to the brightening east, while the grotesque wooden gods at the altar grinned in mockery. The priests and women gathered around, raising, the death chant horrid discord to the beauty of the new born day. The bearers of the death hammock came and lifted the body of Likyayu and carried it around the fire. Over the guttural chanting of the song of the dead, Diligan, aged and withered, made announcement: “Likyayu, son of Malingan, is dead! With a death of violence have the gods cursed his spirit. Therefore, har ken! Unto him shall no honor be given, but all men shall avoid the body of the deserted of the gods! I have spoken!” IN RESPONDING I - Deaf to Dumauwat’s pleadings that the cures be removed from the boy, the aged priest mo tioned the bearers to carry their burden to Dumauwat’s hut. To be bound in state to the death chair and buried with prieslly rites in the caves of the dead, as are those who die a natural death, was denied Likyayu. In horror little Ngahiu saw the hammock placed in the hands of the despised and filthy undertaker. Turning, she fled to the dark recesses of the ravine. In the shady dell, where the sunlight filtered through the tall pine trees, a little water-fall made laughing music as it leaped and tumbled. There Ngahiu crouched, and would remain hidden until the body of Likyayu should be removed from the post of her father’s house. Before the altar of sacrifice, the men of the village gathered in solemn conclave. Calling upon the gods of their fathers, Dilagan the venerable, besought them to see the justice be done, that the soul of Likyayu might be quickly appeased. To Malingan, standing before him, he said: “The gods have summoned Likyayu, thy son. Dumauwat ' • ’> <1 ' i ’ i Tl ino is the right ,4 y S I I iji kj If the SWISS MILKMAN from the EMMENTHAL brought you the milk straight to your home, it could not be purer and more wholesome than BEAR BRAND MILK the famous product of beautiful Switzerland. Bear Brand Milk produced in the world-renowned milk center of Emmenthal valley under the most favor able climatic conditions, excels in richness of cream, flavor and 5^ keeping properties all the year hen round. OS ©1 Preferred for generations. & to name the penalty for the murder of thy son. Light fine or heavy, it shall be as thou wilt.” Hopelessly Dumauwat faced the bereaved father who spoke the words that took from him all his remaining possessions; made him the slave of debt and labor for years to come. “May the spirit of Likyayu curse thee! Thou hast slain the flesh of my flesh, and sent his spirit into the darkness! “Now for seven days to the post of thy house must Likyayu’s body be bound, with knife and spear in his hands. Neglected shall he be of all men, that his soul may be angered and fil led with vengeance toward thee. Thou shalt make a welfare feast with carabao and pigs to aid his soul on its long journey. “Unto me, thou shalt pay the Labod fine; golden ornaments for the neck and ears, beads of fine shell, thy large gong and best rice-jar, eight death blankets and twelve clouts. “On the eighth day, ere my family and I de part, thou shalt prepare the peace-making feast. I have spoken!" Between sunset and sunrise ruin had over taken hi n. bit to Dumauwat there was no II 1 I TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 22 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 injustice in the heavy weight of the penalty that crushed him. Stoically he accepted his fate, but in his ears was ringing the agonized child ish scream that terminated the swift flight of his lance. Mingled with that cry came the wail from the ravine where love, new-born, was dead. Oil Milling Gaining Here (Continued from page 13) Mindanao coconut tree as it is to get at what a Kentucky Derby entry is making in the tryouts. The Journal, however, will guess that 5 trees can be counted for 1 picul of copra, the islands over and young trees with old. That will give 80 trees to the ton of copra; and perhaps, with what trees are going out of bearing and what trees are com ing into bearing, 80 trees may be taken as the effective grove per hectare, an aiea of 2^ acres. This gives you 41,640,640 trees carpeting 520,508 hec tares, to yield last year’s 1*72,995,901 coconut crop. Acapulco or Purgatory (Continued from page 10) and urge the living to shelter. Burial at sea is the launching of the dead into infinity; the body is swallowed up by the universe of waters, memory that the dead have lived is almost annihilated; and burial at sea during a storm is the saddest of all interments. Hardly had the rites for the dead been per formed when the captain announced the Pilar could not keep afloat beyond midnight. Pas sengers and crew would take to the boats. The terror aboard affected all, and grew more ter rible as the stormy night blackcried out the day. By the captain’s orders, no attempts were made to salvage wealth excepting jewels. Then it was found that the boats would not accommodate more than half the people aboard. Boats that were launched were quickly awash, their oc cupants had to bail from the very outset to try to save the lives they valued so highly. Those left on board crouched in utter terror, foreboding, hoping against hope, as the gray dusk came on and gave quickly away to the moonless night. The waves seem to come in successions of three, the last the fiercest. The boats could not get away from the ship, and the feverish efforts of the people left on the doomed deck, to build and provision rafts, availed but little. The boat in which Don Francisco and the captain rode was dashed under the counter and capsized; its occupants sank under the buffet ings of the combers. A third wave advanced majestically, its crest tumbling in advance as if desiring to outstrip itself—as if sending forth its pioneers to breach the enemy’s works and overwhelm them. It struck the floundering hulk with a noise like thunder; the planks beneath the feet of those on deck opened, and they slid, blinded and stunned, into the boiling smother. Thus perished the greater part of the company. The Pilar's prow sank slowly, the poop uplifting high of the water, and the battered galleon plunged to the bottom a league below. The suction caused the boats that had hovered in the lee to be drawn into the vortex, and the greater part of these followed the Pilar to her grave. A few persons left afloat in the churning sea managed to find wreckage and cling to it, but theirs was a brief and cruel respite; for the remaining boats, twisting crazily under the urge of wind and oars, scudded rapidly out of sight and were swallowed up in the gloom of that night of black disaster. A late moon arose, hours afterward, and shone serenely upon a storm-distorted ocean bereft of the handiwork of man, excepting the few boats laden with their handfuls of tne miserable survivors sweep ing blindly into the unknown—all who were left of the nearly 500 souls embarked at Cavite for Acapulco or Purgatory. When day broke, all the boats had sunk but two that had not been overloaded. The sur vivors in these two boats were inured to a help less fear, but after six days only one boat was left. Provisions and water were exhausted. The continuous motion became a torture. The boat would plunge into the depths of a trough, a long sweeping sickening fall; the roar of the wave would sound overhead. The sail would flap in a momentary calm, then the next wave, green, translucent, voracious, would seize the boat and swing it into another watery vale. By now the boat’s burden was a pitiable cluster of specters, eyes deep-sunk in the sockets; the men bearded and haggard, the women wan and withered to the bone. But the storm relaxed, and in a sky of intense blue argosies of fleecy clouds raced before the friendly trade wind. The nights became serene, and tne stars shone down in cold mockery of hope, though their light itself was hope. O the imagery that man has raised about the orbs of heaven! True or false, how often it is as good as truth. He says his God has set a beacon in the skies; he has faith, and his strength becomes the strength of ten! Twelve days out from the wreck of the Pilar the surviving boat raised land, the sandy shore of an uninhabited islet, where its occupants dragged themselves upon the beach and suc cumbed to inert repose. In all they were seven of the crew and ten of the passengers, three of the latter were women. One Nicolas de Chaves had, through superior courage, taken command and exercised a rude dominance. One of the women was his sister Juana, another was her maid. The third woman comes to us only by her bap tismal name, Mercedes; the wreck made her an orphan. 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CEBU • PORTLAND • CEMENT • FACTORY; NAGA, CEBU MAIN OFFICE: CHINA BANK BUILDING COMPANY TELS. 2-24-46 & 2-24-47 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 23 that the islet which had made his party a tem porary refuge from the sea was one of a larger group, and he bundled his party into the boat again to find an island with plants growing on it, perhaps even inhabited. An atoll was soon sighted whose circle of coconut palms and pandanus shrubs rose above the level of the sea a few meters; the partv landed joyously and found what was merciful, a supply of brackish water. The plant life on the atoll was sparse enough in food, but the lagoon teemed with fish. The seaworn sailors relaxed, but began refitting their boat after a few days for a further traverse. Then they begged Chaves’s consent to their exploring the surrounding seas in the hope of finding a popu lated island. He gave his consent, and they put off one morning with scanty provisions and were never heard from again. Their fate is unknown. The survivors were now reduced to Chaves, his sister, her maid, Mercedes and two old sailors. They were prisoners of fate; they could build no boat in which to dare the ocean; their women would not trust themselves to any craft it was possible for the men to contrive, and life reduced to its barest necessities seemed better than death on the high seas. The survivors’ first week ashore was bur dened with a natural dejection and keen re morse, then they learned better how to confront their environment and care for themselves. They abandoned civilization, having no need of it, and reverted to a primitive effort to sustain life. They built houses of rough coral, laid in supplies of dried fish, fashioned rude tools and conveniences. They made garments from coir fiber. Coconuts and a few edible roots varied the monotony of the never-failing diet of fish. But all had been enfeebled by their fearful experience in the wreck and the lifeboat, and disease attacked them. In a year only Chaves, Mercedes and one of the sailors sur vived; and the sailor soon passed away and was reverently buried. Chaves and Mercedes were now’ alone, and never a sail was sighted, never a ship’s light was seen. They united by mutual consent, but no children, whose fate would have- been hard indeed, came of their union. The typhoon season was always the hardest of the year; the storms would break the palms and shrubs and ravish the couple’s rude attempts at cultivation. Chaves and Mercedes must have had exuberant natures; their life was a round of hardship, lone liness and wearying disappointment, yet they kept their minds. Chaves employed himself in a narrative of the whole adventure, beginning with the preparations for the Nueslra Seilora de Pilar to leave Manila; he wrote it on pandanus leaves, using a shell for a stylus. This journal, the one that finally informed Manila of the fate of the galleon and its general, kept him occupied and warded off despair during the ten years he was to live on the lonely never-visited atoll. When Chaves died, Mercedes comforted herself with daily prayers and devotion to the log of the death-voyage of the Pilar. Chaves had lived with her on the islet ten years, she lived on alone ten years more. Then, her youth gone and she a frail old hag with white hair, at last ... at long last! ... a native boat with outrigger entered the lagoon and its occupants gazing upon her w'hitc skin and loose white hair took her to be a goddess. She had sighted them as they moored their boat and began diving for pearls, and she was torn between hope and fear— whether to approach and make herself known, perhaps to savage cannibals, or to flee to a safe hiding place and let them leave the lagoon with out learning of her presence there. At last the woman’s courage and desperation drove her forth into the open. She went toward the pearlers supplicatingly, and, associating her with their rude notions of divinity, they received her with an awe akin to worship. They put her dow’n as an island deity, and the next day they took her in the boat with them and beat a course for Saipan, a Jesuit mission in Marianas. But Mercedes was no goddess, rescue had come too late; strength failed her rapidly and she died peacefully on the way to Saipan, the precious journal clasped in her withered hands. The Chamorros made Saipan safely and car ried Mercedes’s body ashore to the mission, where they also faithfully delivered the journal; through their unwitting agency the circumstan tial story of the fate of the Pilar and its three lone survivors twenty years before came to be known. Father Carlos Barrinquera, S.J., deci phered the Chaves journal and put into scholarly Latin the weird story it told of the Pilar and her commander who had embarked for Acapulco or Purgatory, and the passing of her survivors like beads on a string. This narrative, sent to Manila in 1727, provoked a wave of excite ment in official and ecclesiastic circles. Mer chants who had risked goods in the Pilar had long since written off their losses, by the sea insurance of the day. Governor Zalbaburu had left the Philippines for Spain eighteen years before. Few persons living in Manila in 1727 even remembered the sailing of the Pilar, in such swift sands are some events written. But the slogan of Manila, still to be dependent on the galleon commerce for another century, changed radically. It became a commonplace to say “I’ll wait for a well-found ship rather than one that will land me in Purgatory,” and to advise other adventurers to do likewise. A maiden from fair Mindanao, Began to make whoopee, and hao! But it made her young Moro Decidedly soro— And so she feels differently nao. -A. E. A lady once came to Hawaii Resolving the hula to trii; Dressed in straw skirt and leis, The miss hulaed for deis, And said, “Who, la, is smarter than Ii?” —A. E. A dainty young thing from Samoa, Inadvertently trod on a boa; Said he, “No alarm, I shall do you no harm— „ My intentions are quit >’ >a><ue i’ fox. -.1 E. The Parsons Building 805 ECHAGUE For the greater convenience of our patrons we have centralized our varied lines in this roomy and com modious building,, at 805 Echague, Manila. You are invit ed to visit us in our new home General Hardware, Builders' ?. ware, Paints and Oils, Mccc. .t, Tires and Accessories, Leather and Leather Substitutes, Vienna Furni ture, and Kindred Lines. PARSONS HARDWARE COMPANY, INC. TELEPHONE 2-12-89 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF CJMMERCS JOURNAL 24 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 John Parsons and Sons The occasion of the removal of the Parsons Hardware Company. Inc. from its old premises on calle Ongpin amid the dingy past to the new premises on calle Echague at .Ayala bridge aroused a bit of journalistic inquisitiveness about this company: it is so evidently a family affair, yet so rarely is one of the family in Manila. When a Parsons docs come to Manila he makes his way to the provinces and finds his pleasure in exploring the tropical wilderness. Rarely he will be in his office, where R. Ynchausti has long been in charge of the actual management of the business. Here is a Manila business 41 years old. J oh n Parsons found ed it on calle Estraude in 1800, and incorporated it in 1911, eleven years after the advent of America in the Philippines inaugurated the ' modern era of commerce. He then retired to Torello, Barcelona, Spain, where he has a business and is prominent in the English community. He is Englandborn and it is typical that he was a founder of the golf club at Torello. Stamps are his special hobby, an illustration sin,ws him receiving King Alfonso's congratulations for the best general collection of stamps exhibited at the International Exposition at Bar celona. When 88 years old, John Parsons toured the world and visited Manila, dividing his days between stamp-collecting and business. He is still robust. John Rarsons has three sons, William Parsons, president of the Parsons Hardware Co., Inc., John Parsons, jr., who has a textile mill at Catalona, near Barcelona, and Frederick Parsons, an inve terate traveler who was for some time in Manila and is at present in Spain. Wm. Parsons, as the signature goes, hasa sports-goods business at Geneva and enjoys a beau tiful home. Chateau Erica, he has established at Genthod. lie is an alpinist and his enthusiasm for sports explains the business he chose to give his days to at Geneva. He is no less a nat uralist; he has at his chateau immense collections of insects, butterflies, and plants. A feature of the chateau is the hot-houses where tropical flowers bloom and tropical birds live in the transplanted forest and jungle of their native lands. Espe cially is Wm. Parsons an orchidist; his collec tion from Malaysia—the Philippines, Borneo, India, the Malay States, etc.—will be exhibited at the Paris colonial exposition; on his latest trip to Manila he gathered 30 cases more to take back to Geneva, all the rarer specimens. As an alpinist Wm. Parsons has scaled the Matterhorns, Mt. Blanc, and all the more difficult peaks of Switzerland. He is a man of slight physique, and the Swiss climate benefits him—giving him zest for periodical excursions to Manila to see how business goes, seek more insects and orchids, and wend his way back to the Alps. DE WALT WONDER WORKERS WOOD AND METAL CUTTING WRITE FOR DETAILS OF THE LATEST DE WALT PRODUCTS MONEY AND TIME SAVERS E. J. NELL CO. 680 DASMARlRAS MANILA EXCLUSIVE AGENTS PHILIPPINE ISLANDS Brewed by SAN MIGUEL BREWERY IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 25 Philip Coral Reefs pine ancient coral reefs of the Philippines, their location and formation offer an in teresting study.—By Leopoldo A. Faustino, Bureau of Science. Editor’s Note:—The following article on the living coral reefs of the Philippine Islands is taken from the Philippine Journal of Science, Volume 44, Number 3, for March 1931 and was compiled by Leopoldo A. Faustino, Chief Ge ologist, division of Geology and Mines, Bureau of Science, Manila. The ancient coral reefs of the Philippine Is lands have been studied only superficially. Many of the reefs have yielded an abundance of coral species, which are being studied, classified, and named. The coralliferous beds are known in many parts of the islands, notably along the coasts where they occur as elevated reefs, and also in the interior where they are found in pat fOn building lOn Remodeling Durable, fire-proof ^nd Stocked in and thicknesses. Let us quote you on your requirements. Send for sample Certain-teed Gypsum Board I Pacific Commercial Company Iloilo — MANILA — Cebu ches and at altitudes up to 1950 meters (6318 feet), as on Mount Santo Tomas, near Baguio, in Mountain Province. As a matter of fact, all provinces and the great majority of the smaller islands have fossil-coral localities. Cebu Island, however, presents the best conditions for the study of reef corals and coral reefs. Coral reefs have grown and developed when ever and wherever conditions are satisfactory for the growth and development of corals. In other words depth, temperature, ocean currents, salinity, and other conditions have been re sponsible for the location of coral reefs rather than the presence of any land area. The form developed by the growing reefs is determined principally by the ocean currents and the direc tion of the wind so that the generally accepted classification of fringing, barrier, and atoll reefs should not be taken with evolutionary signific ance but rather convenient forms as means of re ference. In addition to the rich fringing on the larger and smaller islands there are many coralreef patches not rising above the sea level, some distance from the land surrounded by deeper water and apparently without connection with the neighboring reefs. To this class of reefs the name shoal reef has been applied. The fring ing reefs do not l ave the same extension from the shore line, but in a great many cases project for some distance beyond the end or point of the island, and in some cases do not follow the shore line but form a spit or take a direction tangent to the coast. The majority of the coral reefs of the Philip pine Islands belong to a class known as fring ing reefs, and they rarely exceed 3 miles in width and generally extend less than 1 mile from the shore. Barrier reefs occur rather sparingly and, with the exception of the Bohol Barrier Reef on the northwest of Bohol and the Tawitawi Barrier Reef in the Sulu Archipelago, are of small dimensions; the channel between the reef and the shore is generally about 100 to 300 yards wide. Atolls are not rare in the Sulu archipelago, although it is admitted that they are small and only an extensive cruise in the Sulu sea or a close examination of the large scale charts reveals the presence of a great number of them. The living coral reefs are less developed in the northern than in the central and southern Philippines. The islands of the Batan group, the most northern of the Philippine Islands, are surrounded by narrow, disconnected fringes of coral reef. In the Babuyan group, Calayan Island is also fringed by a narrow coral reef. A coral shoal known as Ilerminia Shoal lies about 2.5 miles off the northwest part of Dalupiri Island, while Camiguin is fringed by a narrow steeji-to coral reef. The north coast of Luzon is apparently devoid of coral reefs, as only narrow coral reef fringes Dialao Point on the northwest coast. The shores of •«.. 7 -r'' ^o«fend precipitously into the & e i. yan river discharges its :;>t' ••‘.•ere :'(•»• eastern coast of Luzon : r . i'y k-.-.v In the central and sou.i- r ■ H'ib'•» <»u the other hand the coral re*, i »re • pi ■' 'Civ developed. There are m. o; . '.n< r-iislands scattered after th« 1 ’.uer ■.: mo.-- : the archipelagos in the weA-n- I '-f'.- .d< mo».or less embayed. The emir Philippine group south o’ i o> with few exceptions, is fronted with coral reels of varying stages of development. Some arc narrow disconnected fringes with or without any living coral; some have parts only slightly submerged and covered with mangroves; others make off from the mainland in a direction tangent to the coast line. The fringing reefs arc generally well developed on the headlands and promontories and in the small bays or coves or along the straight coast. At the mouths of the larger rivers they are generally dead or covered with sand and with an opening or break across the reef. The best occurrence of a barrier reef in the Philippines is along the north coast of Bohol. The large Danajon Hank extends northward from Bohol about 40 miles east a . 5 to 14 miles north and south. ’! i of the bank is marked by a < •. • . • ; coral reefs 0.5 lo 2 miles wide, ' breaks. Depths in the lagc- • reefs and the mainland are g-.. • -C to 25 fathoms. The northwem studded with islets and reefs, a 'h- u- ■ ■ prolongation of Danajon bank. The best development of a ' ! ■' 1 the Sulu sea and vicinity. Apo tteij, Darwin, lies southwest of Mindoro and is about 10 miles long in a north-northwest direction and about 6 miles wide. The reef is surround ed by deep water. Pearl Bank, in the Sulu archipelago, is about 15 miles long northeast and southwest and about 9 miles wide. In the middle is a coral-reef patch, more or less cir cular in form, about 7 miles in diameter and bare in patches during low water. (To be concluded in April) IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 26 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 Tourist Dollars For Manila “The tourist dollar ___ . _ section of the community,’’ said H. C. Anderson, manager of the Manila Hotel, in a radio talk. Mr. Anderson showed how only a small portion of the money spent by tourists goes to the hotels. He said: “When we were raising the funds on which to operate the Philippine Tourist As sociation last year, one of the most frequent objections heard was this—‘The hotels are the ones who benefit from the tourist trade. They should be the ones to support such a move ment to bring in more tourist.’ think that this is the H. C. ANDERSON “Many people case. They come to the Manila Hotel, or any of the other hotels, on a day when a steamer is in port and they sec the lobby filled with guests, the dining room busy with patrons, the bar doing a good business and they jump at the conclusion that the tourists are pouring their money into these places and that it. stays there. This is an entirely wrong idea. It is true that perhaps a greater peremtp Te of the tourists’ money first reaches tn^ hotel cashier. I say perhaps this is t.'nie just for argument. ‘ As a matter of fact we know of numerous cases where the tourists have spent much more money in the shops and stores—in garages and restaurants— than they have in the hotels. But granting that the most of the tourist money first reaches the hotel cashier— that does not mean that the hotel gets it all or that it is all profit for it. The fisherman patiently rocking in his sam pan or banca on the long swell outside Manila Bay never sees a tourist—prob ably never thinks of him—as the great liners sweep past him on their way into port. The tourist business means some thing to that fisherman however for it is the tourist that cats his fish on the hotel table and the more tourists, the .more fish is eaten. The Manila Hotel’s bills for fish are among the most heavy for C”r purchase^. The slipper store and tie shoe repair man probably thinks that the tourist business means nothing to him but it is the wear and tear on the boys’ shoes and slippers as they serve guests—it is the wear on the porters’ shoes as he hustles the trunks of the tourists that give the shoe seller a part of his trade. Instances like this can be multiplied. The tourist may not buy any thing from the local tailors—although I know of one party on the Bclgcnland that bought nearly 1*800.00 in one day from ah Escolta tailor shop— but the more tourists, the more boys are needed H. C. Anderson of the Manila Hotel tells the benefits to be derived by stimulating interest in Manila among travelers. rolls to every in the hotel and the more they have to spend for clothes. The tourist dollar rolls to every section of the community. To show you just how tbis is I recently had a chart made showing about how every peso that the hotel receives is disbursed. The largest single item in this is for salaries and wages and this comes to 47%. The next is for interest on bonds and other items of similar nature and this figures 19%. Other items are meats G%, groceries 5%, light, fuel, etc., 55%, fish 4%, milk 2%, cable, radio and phone 2% and general miscellany 12%. The biggest item in this list is for salaries and wages. In that alone the community is immediately interested in the tourist dollar for these salaries and wages are paid to employees who live here and have their families to care for. The biggest item of the ordinary family is naturally for food and it is estimated that fully 30% of each in come is taken up by. that. Rentals come next and this amounts to about 25% with clothing 14% and entertainment 10%. You can go down the line of each family and find that if they are employed by the hotels or the garages Our Bonds vs. Foreign Bonds Under our Charter we offer investors 6% tax-free bonds secured to nearly double their value by first-mortgages on Philippine farms and plantations growing crops which the present depression has proved are among the most saleable in the world: sugar, copra, rice, Manila hemp, Cagayan-Valley tobacco. The Insular Treasurer is trustee for the bondholders by law; he holds the securities and keeps them prime in value. The In sular Auditor, appointed by the President of the United States, is comptroller for the bondholders by law; he audits the Bank and the Treasurer’s office, ascertaining that the security is always A-l and the proceeds of the bonds used only for the purpose author ized by law; viz., development of Philippine agriculture. Compare this with foreign bonds, requiring special fiscal agents, etc., then write to us for further particulars. We Invite Correspondence PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK MANILA.........................................................................NEW YORK or any other industry directly connected with the tourist business that a very large part of the money received by such business is immediately put into circulation and that it moves through out every section of the business community. The Philippine Tourist Association was organiz ed to promote travel to and in the Philippine Islands. It has already made itself felt as a factor in the business life of this city and if it is given the support it deserves it will grow and develop into a greater usefulness until the tour ist business of the Philippine Islands assumes the proper place in the industries of the Archi pelago. Just as the Tourist business of Hawaii nas been built up in ten years until it is only ex ceeded in value by the sugar and the pineapples so in our country it can be stimulated until it brings in millions of pesos each year for the benefit of everyone in the Islands. “The drive for the 1931 advertising and ope rating funds of the Philippine Tourist Asso ciation will be from March 9th to March 14th. The more funds that are provided the greater the activity and usefulness of the Association. More tourists mean more prosperity for the hotels and for the entire community. Good business in any one line reacts on each other industry. You will be asked to help this mo vement. When you are, give and give gener ously, “I thank you. Mabuhay!” JN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 27 COMPAfilA MARlTIMA (FOUNDED IN 1890) INTERISLAND SHIPPING SERVICE “THE EXPRESS SERVICE” Fast and Comfortable Steamers With frequent regular sailings, this company maintains the most extensive service to all principal ports south of Manila. 109 J. Luna • MANILA • P. O. Box 805 A Preferred Model TT* XCEPTIONAL comfort with real elegance in appearance.... that is what makes this model so popular among men. We have your size. HIKE SHOE FACTORY STYLE CREATORS 286 San Marcelino Manila ATLANTIC GULF AND PACIFIC CO. OF MANILA ENGINEERS MANUFACTURED S j CONTRACTORS 71-77 Muelle de la Industri1 MANILA, P. I. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 28 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 SHIPPING REVIEW By H. M. CAVENDER General Agent, The Robert Dollar Company Of outstanding inter est this month is the announcement by The Robert Dollar Company of the extension of their Manila-to-San Francisco Service through to New York via the Pa nama Canal. The old “horse-shoe" schedule is cancelled at the end of March. Four ships are jiermancntly assigned to the Manila-to-Seattle run, these vessels beipg the President Taft, President Jefferson, President Lincoln, and President Madison. They will maintain a regular fortnightly Service as fieretofore with the exception that the ships will sail fiomIManila on Thursday and arrive in Seattle 19 vs later. Running time from Manila ■over this route is reduced one day from the previous schedule, providing the fastest mail service from this port to the Pacific Coast. The Manila-to-San Francisco and New York Service will be instituted with the sailing of the President Jackson, leaving Manila March 28th, arriving at San Francisco April 21st, and at New York May 9th. The President Jakson will be followed atfortnightlyintervalsby the President McKinley, President Grant, President Cleveland, President Pierce, President Johnson, President Wilson. THE YOKOHAMA SPECIE BANK ------------- - ■ = LTD. . ■ - (ESTABLISHED 1880) HEAD OFFICE: YOKOHAMA, JAPAN Yen Capital (Paid Up) - - - - 100,000,000.00 Reserve Fund - 115,000,000.00 Undivided Profits - - . - 6,436,138.84 MANILA BRANCH 34 PLAZA CERVANTES, MANILA S. DAZAI Manager PHONE 2-37-59—MANAGER PHONE 2-37-55—Accountant, Remittance PHONE 2-37-58—Export, Import, Current Account, Cashier Running time from Manila to San Francisco has been reduced by two days. The westbound service provides for arrival of Seattle steamers in Manila on Mondays and San Francisco steamers on Thursdays as hereto fore, and the San Francisco steamers will sail from Manila on Saturdays instead of on Friday as at present. In conjunction with the Dollar Round-the-World' Service, the addition of the Trans-I’acific vessels to New York run will mean a weekly service out of New York for Manila; likewise, weekly service to New York from this port, two vessels each month proceeding via Panama and two via Suez and Europe. According to statistics compiled by the As sociated Steamship Lines, there were exported during the month of January 1931 from the Philippines to China and Japan ports 14,483 tons with a total of 36 sailings of which 2291 tons were carried in American bottoms with 10 sailings; to Pacific coast for local delivery 21,7<>1 tons with a total of 17 sailings of which 12,343 tons were carried in American bottoms with 11 sailings: to Pacific coast for overland delivery 767 tons with a total of 11 sailings of which 623 tons were carried in American bottoms with 6 sailings; to Pacific coast for inter-coastal 1926 tons with a total of 11 sailings of which 1414 tons were carried in American bottoms with 8 sailings; to Atlantic coast 117,872 tons with a total of 26 sailings of which 39,857 tons were carried in American bottoms with 7 sailings; to European ports 13,314 tons with 20 sailings of which 313 tons were carried in American bottoms with 2 sailings; to Australian ports 159 tons with 5 sailings of which None were carried in American bottoms. A grand total of 170,282 tons with a total of 83 sailings of which 56,841 tons were carried in American bottoms with 17 sail ings. _____ Mr. George Costello, general agent Passenger Department Canadian Pacific Steamship Co., Hongkong, arrived on the Empress of Russia February 25 and returned to Hongkong on the same ship. _____ Dr. L. Speelinan, after a year's stay in the Head Office of the Java-China-Japan Line in Batavia, Java, arrived February 22nd from Batavia. Dr. Speelinan will relieve A. J. Ramondt as Manager of the Eastern Philippines Ship ping Agencies here. Mr. Ramondt will leave in the early part of March for Europe on vaca tion. _____ Mr. W. K. Garrett, Agent for The Robert Dollar Company at Iloilo, left for home leave in the States February 28 aboard the SS. Pres ident Lincoln. Mr. James Wells of the Manila Branch is Acting Agent in Iloilo during the absence of Mr. Garrett. Daniel A. Delprat, director of the Netherland Royal Mail Line at Amsterdam, and A. Pieter F. Keller, general passenger agent for the Nether land Royal Mail Line at Batavia, left February 25 on the Canadian Pacific liner Empress of Russia for China. Mr. Delprat was accom panied by his wife. They arrived here on the Tjisaroea last week from Java on an inspec tion trip. _____ A. H. Clissold, acting manager of Macondray and Company, arrived February 9 on the JavaChina-Japan Line steamer Tjileboel after a month’s stay in Java for pleasure. R. G. Razavet, passenger agent for the local office of the Canadian Pacific Company, returned to Manila February 25 on the Empress of Russia from Hongkong with his wife. They left on the tourist ship Empress of Australia on February 12th. ' INFORMATION FOR INVESTORS Expert, confidential reporta made ■ on Philippine projects ENGINEERING, MINING, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, LUMBER, ETC. Hydroelectric projects OTHER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES BRYAN, LANDON CO. Cebu. P. I. Cable address: “YPIL,” Cebu. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 29 H. MacGowan of the General Passenger DepartmentThe Robert Dollar Company, Shanghai, arrived in Manila aboard the President Jefferson and is now Acting District Passenger Agent for the local office of the same company. TOBACCO REVIEW By P. A. Meyer Alhambra Cigar and Cigarette Manufacturing Co. Rawleaf: The market in local gra des continued its firm tendency dur ing February. Spain and Japan absorbed the larger part of shipments abroad. In Cagayan and Ysabela provinces some rain would be quite welcome now, in order to benefit the develop ment of late plant ings. Comparative data for February exports are as follows: Rawltaf, Stripped Tobacco and Scraps Kilos Austria................................................. 350 China................................................... 8,385 Czechoslovakia................................... 600 France.................................................. 18 Hongkong............................................ 15,370 Japan................................................... 509,900 Java..................................................... 1,190 North Africa....................................... 270,198 North Atlantic (Europe).................. 37,103 Spaip.................................................... 2,179,329 United States..................................... 106,005 Uruguay............................................... 14,421 February 1931.................................... 3,142,869 January-February 1931..................... 3,600,123 Jamlary-February 1930..................... 1,847,575 Cigars: While February shipments to the United States show some improvement against January, yet there is a decrease of over 3,000,000 in comparison to February 1930. All in all, prospects for the immediate future are not en couraging. Comparative figures for the trade with the United States are as follows: February 1931 about........................ 10,920,000 January-February 1931 about......... 18,790,000 January-February 1930 about......... 23,696,800 FEBRUARY SUGAR REVIEW By George H. Fairchild New York Market: As intimated in the previous review, a de cree was signed on Jan uary 31st rest ricting the present Cuban crop to 3.120,000 tons and lim iting exports to the United States to 2,577,000 tons. '1 his incident was apparently taken as a matter of course, since with the exception of an insignificant and temporary improve CHARTERED BANK OF ,NADJAD7™“’ Capital and Reserve Fund...............................................£7,000,000 Reserve Liability of Proprietor..................................... 3,000,000 MANILA BRANCH established 1872 SUB-BRANCHES AT CEBU, ILOILO AND ZAMBOANGA Every description of banking business transacted. Branches in every important town throughout India, China, Japan, Java, Straits Settlements, Federated Malay States, French Indo-China, Siam, and Borneo; also in New York. Head Office: 38 Bishopsgate, London, E. C. C. E. Stewart, Acting/danger. Mar.-la ment on the Sugar Exchange, it had no effect on the market which showed a declining tendency and was dull throughout the first week of February, and only small transactions of Cubas were made at 1.30 cents c. and f. A great interest was shown in distant shipment Philippine sugar, however, during the last two days of this week when 15,500 tons March-April and April-May shipments changed hands at prices greatly in excess of the corresponding positions on the Sugar Exchange. Quotations on the exchange and prices for nearby and prompt shipment sugar remained practically stationary during the second week and most of the transactions were made on the parity of 1.30 cents to 1.32 cents c. and f. The price of refined sugar was reduced on the 9th from 4.70 cents to 4.50 cents per lb. Activity in distant shipment Philippine sugar, interest in which began during the latter part of the first week, was the principal and excep tional feature of the third week when a parcel for May-June shipment was sold on 17th at 3.45 cents, representing a premium of 8 points as compared with the closing quotation for July delivery on the Exchange on the same day and one point in excess of the full equivalent of September delivery. Aside from this activity, which was ascribed to the fact that Cuban hold ers had been forced to sell for financial reasons and that they were replacing their sales with AMERICAN MAIL LINE DOLLAR STEAMSHIP LINE, INC., LTD. COMBINED TRANSPACIFIC SERVICE SAILING ONCE A WEEK The “President” Liners Offer Speed—Service—Courtesy—Comfort Excellent Food, Comfortable Cabins, Broad Decks, American Orchestra, Dancing, Swimming Pool, Sports SAILING ONCE A WEEK TO SAN FRANCISCO AND LOS ANGELES via Hongkong, Shanghai, Kobe, Yokohama, and Honolulu SAILINGS ON ALTERNATE FRIDAYS ROUND THE WORLD VICTORIA President Garfield - - March 25 AND President Polk - - - - April 8 President Adams- - - - April 22 SEATTLE President Harrison - - May 6 via President Johnson - - -May 20 President Fillmore - - June 3 Hongkong, Shanghai, Ko; President Wilson - - - June 17 and Yokohama Sailings every fortnight SAILINGS NEW TRANS PACIFIC SERVICE To San Francisco direct via Honolulu . S.S. “President Hayes” ALTERNATE SATURDAYS 24 Calle David MANILA Telephone No. 2-24-41 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 30 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 pUfchases of Philippine sugar, the market during the week was comparatively dull. Prices of actual sugar were practically fixed at between 3.32 cents and 3.30 cents c. i. f. and at the close on the 21st there were buyers but no sellers at the latter price. Some of the factors which were reported to have adversely influenced the market were as follows: (1) An increase of 11 Yz'/o in the estimate of the new crop in India placing it at 3,1/8,000 tons; (2) a shrinkage in distribution of the Ainerican beet crop amounting to 20% during January, and the anticipated crop of 1,078,000 tons which was a record crop and 30,000 tons in excess of last estimates, and (3) Messrs. lllett & Gray’s estimate of the total world s stocks at approximately 10,000,000 tons which estimate was reported to have been corroborated by other reliable statisticians. The trend of the market during the last week was characteristic of the movement of the New York market during the whole of the month, there having been practically no fluctuation in the value of prompt shipment Cubas and other nearby sugars. After small sales had been made on the 26th at 3.32 cents, sellers asked the pantv of 3.35 cents duty paid and a small parcel of Porto Rico sugar second half of March ship ment was sold at the latter price. Owing to holders pressing sales, the market for Cuban sugar declined and no buyers could be found at 3.30 cents at the close of the month. No change in the price of refined was reported. It was intimated that Atlantic Coast refiners had been trying to advance the New York market for raws in order to justify a correspond ing increase in the price of refined, but, as shown by the tendency of the raw sugar market up to the end of the month, the refiners evidently failed in their endeavor. Futures: Quotations on the Sugar Exchange during February fluctuated as follows: High Low Latest 1 25 1.18 1.22 1.32 1.28 1 29 1.41 1 37 1 37 1 48 1 44 1.44 1 56 1.52 1.52 1.58 1.54 1 54 1931— March....................... May............................ July........................... September................ December................. 1932— January.................... Philippine Sales: During the month of February, sales and resales of Philippine centri fugals in the Atlantic Coast were reported as follows, afloats, nearby consignments and future shipments: 132,100 tons at prices ranging from 3.30 cents to 3.55 cents 1. t. as compared with sales amounting to 54,400 tons reported during the same period last year at prices ranging from 3.50 cents to 3.77 cents 1. t. Stocks: The latest statistics of world stocks were 7,063,000 tons as compared with 5,742,000 tons at the same time last year and 5,359,000 tons at the same time in 1929. Local Market: The local centrifugal mar ket was very quiet during the first week on the basis of P7.75 per picul. During the second week, advices of the unexpected premium ob tained for Philippine sugar |in New York nat urally so stimulated the local market that, it was reported, approximately 4,000 tons had been sold to exporters at 1*8.00. After suffering a slight decline in the latter part of this week, prices again rose to the former level of P8.00 at which price large quantities changed hands on the 19tn. Activity in the market was resumed during the last week on the same basis although This ParkeDavis germi c i d a I soap is a wise pre caution against skin infections of all kinds. slightly higher prices were obtained by certain attractive parcels. At this stage, the local supply apparently thinned down, and this might explain holders’ unwillingness to sell at ruling prices. Crop Prospects: The 1930-1931 grinding season is nearing its close. By the end of the month under review, five or six sugar centrals We Have The Largest and Most Complete Stock of Drygoods in the Philippines If you need silks, linens, cottons, or notions you can serve yourself best by choosing from our large stocks We also carry haberdashery, and make men’s suits and shirts Manuel Pellicer & Co., Inc. 44 Escolta Manila Shirt Factory Phone 2-11-06 on Luzon and Negros are expected to have finished milling which inaugurate the gradual closing of the grinding season of the 1930-1931 crop. Owing to a shorter crop on Luzon, cen trals on this island, notwithstanding their later start, will finish milling earlier than those on Negros. According to .the latest estimates re leased by the Philippine Sugar Association, the 1930-1931 sugar crop will be closely identical to the previous crop, namely 785,694 metric tons and 785,363 metric tons, respectively. Speaking of the conditions on Luzon, one feature of the present crop is the fact that while several large centrals will have smaller crops than in the previous year, several small ones are expected to show slight increases in their production. There iz two things in life for which we are never fully prepared—and this iz twins! —Josh Billings GORDON DRY GIN HAS NO TWIN It’s the Heart of Good Cocktails Be Sure Your Club Serves It ROBERTSON SCOTCH WHISKY The Gentleman’s Choice Everywhere KUENZLE & STREIFF, INC. IMPORTERS 343 T. Pinpin • MANILA, PHILIPPINE ISLANDS • Tel. 2-39-36 This shows on the one hand that the production of the large and long established centrals largely depend on the present contracted areas which in turn are subject to extremely dry or exces sively wet season peculiar to Luzon, and on the other hand, that the production of the smaller centrals has the natural tendency to show grad ual increases until the full capacity is reached and the contracted area is developed to yield an optimum crop. Philippine Exports: Export statistics for the month of February, 1931, as reported to us showed that 86,854 metric tons of centrifugals, and 4,674 metric tons of refined were exported during the month. Exports of all grades of sugar for the first four months of the crop year 1930-31 are as follows: Metric Tons Centrifugals........................... Muscovados........................... Refined................................... Total.................................. Java Market: It was announced on the 16,105 321.443 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 31 26th that the Dutch government had accepted the Chadbourne restriction plans and had re commended acceptance by Java. It was sub sequently learned from newspapers that the Dutch government had introduced a bill re stricting Java's crop. No news, however, was received on sugar transactions in Java. REVIEW OF THE HEMP MARKET By L. L. Spellman International Hartester Company of Philippines This report covers Manila hemp market for the month of Feb ruary with statistics up to and including March 2nd, 1931. U. S. Grades.—The first of the month found the consuming market quiet with buyers hold ing off in expectation of lower prices owing to increase in the weekly production of hemp. On February 2nd the I'. S. market was reported as dull with sellers of Davao hemp at F. 6-12 cents; G, 4-3 4 cents; I. 5-3/8 cents; Jl, 5-1 8 cents; S2, 5-3/8 cents; S3, 5-1 4 cents; K, 4-1, 2 cents. The first two weeks of February showed the U. S. market as dull and declining with practically no business being done and Davao hemp was quoted on the 15th of the month with sellers of F, 6-3/8 cents; G, 4-5/8 cents; H, 4-3,8 cents; I, 5-1/4 cents; Jl, 4-7/8 cents; S2, 5-1 4 cents; K, 4-3, 8 cents. These prices show a decline in values but even so sellers were anxious to encourage business. There were sellers of hemp from other provinces at J2, 4-3/8 cents; K, 4-1 4 cents; LI, 4-1 8 cents. There was some private selling at prices under the above quotations for Davao hemp and this fact confirmed the buyers’ ideas of lower prices thus making them more cautious as regards showing any interest in the market. The same condition prevailed during February as during January in that sales were made of Davao hemp in the U. S. at prices which were lower than the equivalent at which hemp could be bought in Davao. There was an indication of U. S. buyers being interested in Davao F at 6-1, 4 cents; I, at 5-1/8 cents; and Jl, at 4-3/4 cents. The month closed with sellers of Davao hemp at F, 6-1/4 cents; G, 4-5,8 cents; I, 5-1,8 cents; Jl, 4-3/4 cents; SI, 6-9 16 cents; S2, 5-1, 4 cents; S3, 4-3/4 cents; J2, 4-1 <2 cents; K, 4-1, 2 cents with an indication that buyers might be in terested at 1/8 of a cent less. There were sellersof hemp from other provinces at F, 6-1,8 cents; G, 4-3/8 cents. I, 5-1/8 cents; Jl, 5 cents; S2, 5-1/4 cents; J2, 4-1,8 cents; K, 4 cents; Ll, 3-7/8 cents. In Manila shippers were paying at the begin ning of the month E, 1*17.50; F, 1*13.75; G, P8.25; H, 1*8.00; I, 1*11.00; Jl, P10.00; SI, P13.75; S2, 1*11.00; S3, 1*9.25. The Manila market was quiet and weak and by the middle of the month prices had declined to E, 1*16.75; F, 1*13.00; G, 1*8.00; II, 1*7.50; I, 1*9.75; Jl, P9.00; SI, 1*13.25; 82, 1*10.00; S3, 1*9.00. These prices show a very substantial decline during the first two weeks of February, this LUZON BROKERAGE CO INCORPORATED Muelle de San Francisco PORT AREA MANILA Customs Brokers, Warehousing Heavy Trucking Foreign Freight Forwarders condition having been brought about by an increase in production without a corresponding demand from the consuming markets. The month closed with a quiet market at the follow ing quotation: E, P16.75; F, P12.75; G, P7.00; II, P6.75; I, 1*9.25; Jl, P8.75; SI, P12.75; S2. P9.50; S3, P8.50. V. K. Grades.—The London market opened HAPPINESS • An otherwise well ordered life may be broken into with the dis satisfaction consequent to defective vision. It is impossible to be perfectly happy at work, at play or in your home, or social life with a constant nagging of eyes that are not functioning properly. Good vision is absolutely essential to the full enjoyment of your active life. Have CLARK &* CO. examination today. Always'the best in quality but never higher in price firm with a good demand for “Spot” and near arrival owing to “Bears” covering at the fol lowing prices: J2, £20/5; K, £19/15; Ll, £19/10; L2, £18/15; Ml, £18/15; M2, £18/-. After a day or two the market quieted down and prices declined in view of news from Manila of large arrivals of hemp with an expected increase in the arrivals. By the middle of the month the U. K. market had collapsed and sales had been made at J2, £18 '5; K, £17/10; Ll, £17/-; L2, £16/15; Ml, £16/-12/6; M2, £16,'-. As prices declined a fair amount of business was done. Prices continued to decline and by the end of the month the fol lowing prices were quoted': J2, £17/5; K, £17/-; BOIE’S EMULSION OF COD-LIVER OIL PI at Drug Stores Will Regenerate Your Children Infallibly The first thing to do with children under-weight is to vitalize their bodies and invigorate their ap petites with the vitamins of cod-liver oil (double quantity, and the hypophosphites, 3 ins. ?.u c. the 2 in most emulsions) of Boie’s Emuisiog^, Then, if you wish to add milk to the <h?.dren’s diet, they will digest it and it w constipate them. Give a teaspoonful of £ Emulsion night and morning in a rubbed with lemon, and follow with of warm chocolate or milk or fruit juice. One Manila Girl Gained 12 Pounds on 3 Bottles BOTICA BOIE • ESCOLTA Ll, 16’5; L2, £16/-; Ml, £16/-; M2, £15/5. In Manila at the beginning of the month the market was quiet at the following quotations: J2, P8.00: K, P7.50; Ll, P7.25; L2, P7.00; Ml, 1*7.00; M2, P6.75; DL, P6.50; DM, P5.75. The Manila market continued to decline in sympathy with the consuming markets and buyers were indifferent with the result that by the middle of the month prices had declined to J2, P7.25; K, P7.00; Ll, P« To PC 50; Ml, P6.50; M2, P6.00; DL, ' ' d K' 25. During the month produc ' l ; >.i<.->mi • considerably and while sales ai/ •;... h'.fi been normal yet these were not • •• ' ‘ ■ c: care of the increased productioi. «■ • >1 that Philippine stocks increased wi. ■«. uresponding increase in demand ' suming markets. This resultei i down of prices by the end of th- i.; P6.75; K, P6.25; Ll, P6.00; L2, F5.75; Ml, P5.75; M2, P5.50; DL, P5.25; DM, P5.00. Japan. Due to increase in production, a IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 32 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 193L declining market, and general depressed con ditions, Japan bought very little during the past month. Maguey. This article continues neglected. Production. Receipts have increased and averaged about 26,000 or 27,000 bales per week. Freight Rates. There has been no change in freight rates on hemp since last report. Statistics. The figures below are for the period ending March 2nd, 1931: Manila Hemp Bales 1930 Bales On January 1st................. 112,802 195,035 Receipts to date............... 200,030 250,231 312,832 445,266 Shipments to— Bales 1930 Bales U. K............................. 50,826 70,855 Continent..................... 53,582 40,564 U. S.............................. 35,049 84,381 Japan............................ 46,740 48,439 Elsewhere..................... 4,572 8,287 190,769 252,526 Recommended By Leading Doctors Drink It for Your Health’s Sake TEL. 5-73-06 Nature's Best Mineral Water 'J LUMBER REVIEW By Arthur F. Fischer Director of Forestry year fell off 16%. The markets for I’. I. lumber during Decem>er. 1930. cont i nued < lull. I'he total mill producion during this month registered a drop of 45' [. There was for December, 1930, a total production of only 8,board feet of as against 16.board feet for ;ame month in 1929. 'I'he total lumber production for the entire f." Considering the greatly curtailed production during 1930, certain stocks as shown by mill-yard inventories (mostly local grades) are still comparatively heavy. At the end of the vear. there were in stock at mill-yards 36,047,883 board feet in 43 mills. Also, in lumber and timber exports for the i >nth under review there was a drop of 38% as co< ?ared with tho corresponding month last year. Only 5,621,816 board feet, with customsdeclared value of 1*321,657. were exported dur ing December, 1930, as against 9.156,704 board feet, with customs-declared value of 1*574,921, exported during the same month in 1929. The lumber and timber shipments to the principal foreign markets show the following percentages of decrease as compared with the shipments for the corresponding period last year: To the United States, there was a decrease of 45%; to Japan 51%; to Australia 100%; and to Great Britain .8%. The exportation to China showed an increase of 4.5%. This increase, it is be lieved, is merely incidental and has no signi ficant bearing on the trend of business conditions in that country. In previous lumber reviews, it was anticipated that Australia would not remain as an outlet for Philippine lumber on account of the high tariff, recently put in effect in that country—during the month under review, there was no record of a single lumber shipment made to that country. Although as shown above there was a slight decrease in the ship ment to Great Britain this month, based on the records of shipments for the entire year, this country is steadily gaining in importance as a market for Philippine lumber. At least insofar as the Philippines is concerned, there has been no significant change on the general trade conditions in the above countries since the period of our last review. Local building operations throughout the country were fairly active but this did not and could not be expected to have much influence on the general lumber situation, which remained some what depressed in local grades. The chief mainstay of the islands’ lumber industry is its foreign trade and a general slump on export shipments would immediately reflect on the w industry as a whole. Among local lumbermen, however, there is the general impression that European demand is picking up, gradually taking up export which ordinarily the United States demanded. The following statements show the lumber and timber exports, by countries, and mill production and lumber inventory for the month of December, The Philippine Guaranty Company, Inc. (Our Bonds are accepted by the United States Army, United States Navy and by all the Bureaus of the Insular Government) FIRE INSURANCE • SURETY BONDS We execute Bonds of various kinds specially CUSTOMS BONDS, FIRE ARMS BONDS, INTERNAL REVENUE BONDS. PUBLIC WORKS BONDS FOR CONTRACTORS, COURT BONDS for Executors, Administrators and Receivers and Personal Bail Bonds in criminal cases. WE ALSO WRITE FIRE INSURANCE Loans secured by first mortgage on properties in the City of Manila, San Juan and Pasay on the monthly amortization plan. Call or write for particulars: 2nd Floor, Insular Life Building, 290 Plaza Cervantes, Manila,P. I. V. SINGSON ENCARNACION President Phone 2-41-11 J. McMICKING Manager P. O. Box 128 1930, as compared with the corresponding month the previous year: D E C E M f B E R 1930 Board Feet Value 1,753,240 P155.274 1,803,696 43,875 1,723,984 • 88,090 102,608 2,904 37,312 2,247 152,216 22,696 14,840 2,179 19,504 1,600 13,144 2,673 1,272 119 5,621,816 P321.657 Destination United States........ Japan...................... China...................... Hongkong............... Australia................. Canada................... Great Britain........ British Africa........ Netherlands........... Hawaii.................... Guam..................... Japanese Oceanica. Total................. Destination United States. Japan............ China............ Hongkong.... Australia....... Canada.......... Great Britain. British Africa Netherlands.. Hawaii...... 1929 Value P231.352 140,766 143,302 Note:—Board Feet should be used. Chmrn 2^544 250 Japanese Oceanica^^ Total..................... . . . 9,156,704 1’574,921 For 43 Mills for the month of December Lumber Deliveries from. Month Mills 1930 1929 December................... . 14,112,471 16,357,660 Month Lumber Iriventory 1930 1929 December................... . 36,047,883 48,860,485 Month Mill Production 1930 1929 December................... 8,686,365 16,685,121 I IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 33 REAL ESTATE By P. D. Carman San Juan Heights Addition As shown below, the 1931 February total is the lowest since 1927 alt ho somewhat larger than in several years since 1921. The fol lowing were the single transactions of 1’50,000.00 or more last month: Malate 1’65,000, 1*52,000 and 1’100,000; San Miguel 1’80,0 00; B inondo 1’70,000; Ermita 1’70.000. Deducting these six large sales from the inonthlv total leaves but 1’529,667 as the figure for general busi ness which is undoubt edly very low. February Totals City of Manila 1927.. . 1’594,903 1928.. . 1,138,445 1929.. . 1,386,585 1930.. . 1,789,683 1931 . . 966,667 1922.. .. 1’657,012 1923.. . 1,151,309 1924.. .. 840,673 1925.. . . 972.578 1926.. .. 919,150 Sta. Cruz..................... Binondo....................... San Nicolas................. Tondo........................... Sampaloc...................... San Miguel.................. Quiapo.......................... Intramuros................... Ermita.................... Malate.......................... Paco............................. Sta. Ana....................... Pandacan..................... Sta. Mesa. Saks City of Manila Jan. 1031 Feb. 1031 269,148 131,545 3.499,290 103,400 145,260 50,000 51,892 31,813 231,779 79.735 88,677 85,053 36,000 21,000 68,548 102,558 87,289 274.676 132,423 60,307 68,280 1,979 1,201 3,659 36.250 12.000 P4.707.095 1’966,667 REVIEW OF THE EXCHANGE MARKET By Richard E. Shaw Manager, National City Bank Owing to the dearth of export exchange, . certain Banks have been forced to buy heavily from the Treas ury to cover their USS sales commitments. Selling rates conse quently have been high and although cuts of 1 8% have been made the prevailing rate for USS TT has been 1-1 8'7 premium. All Banks have been eager buyers of TT at 3/4'7 premium, of O/D at 3/8'7 premium and of 60 d s bills at 1/4'7 discount. At the end of the month the tendency was toward continued firmness. The following purchases of USS TT have been made from the Insular Treasurer since last report: Week ending: January 17, 1931............. US$350,000 January 31, 1931............. 600,000 February 7, 1931............. 550,000 February 14, 1931........... 530,000 US$2,030,000 No marked change took place in Sterling rates and throughout the month there were sellers of TT at 2/-3/8 and buvers at from 2, - 1/2 to 2/-9/16. THE MANILA HOTEL LEADING HOTEL IN THE ORIENT Designed and constructed to secure coolness, sanitation and comfort under tropic climatic conditions Provides every Western convenience combined with every Oriental luxury Finest Dance Orchestra in the Far East Management • • ANTRIM, ANDERSON, Inc. The New York London cross-rate closed at 485-5/8 on January 31st, rose to a high of 486.25 on February 7th, dropped to a low of 485.58 on February 20th and was quoted at 485.78 on the last day of the month. London Bar Silver stood at 13-3/S ready and 13-1,4 forward on January 31st. The rates of 13-1/4 ready and 13-1/8 forward which were quoted on February 2nd were high for that month, while the low level recorded was 12 ready and 11-15/16 forward on February 9th. The final quotations for February .were 12-7/16 ready and 12-3/8 forward. On January 31st New York Bar Silver closIN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 34 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 ed at 49-5/8 and then dropped to 49-3/8 on February 2nd which was high for that month. After receding to a low of 45-3/4 on February 21st, the market rallied slightly and closed at 47. Telegraphic transfers on other points were quoted as follows: Paris........................... ............ 1235 Madrid....................... ............ 107. Singapore................... ............ 114-1/2 Japan......................... ............ 100-1/2 Shanghai.................... ............ 169 Hongkong................... ............ 47 India........................... ............ 136 Java............................ ............ 122-3/8 THE RICE INDUSTRY By Percy A. Hill o/ Afufloz, A'uera Ecija Director, Rice Producer's Association Prices for palay of ferings are from Pl.75 to Pl. 95 at buying centers with rice from P4.40 to P5.50 accord ing to grade. This is a loss of about 45 to 55 centavos per cavan under cost of produc tion. Price offerings are more depressed in , / the rice industry than any other agricultural / activity for the moment. Saigon rice can be landed in Manila for about 1*6.33 per sack of 57 kilos all duties paid, thus effectively stopping all importations, as this price is much higher than even luxury rice of domestic origin. The demand for rice at consuming centers is the weakest seen in many years. Rice values in Indo-China declined 37% during the year 1930, causing the failure of over 100 commercial rice firms. Not over ten such failures were reported in the Philippines, and those of no magnitude. A sum approximating two million pesos was ’ost ♦ > those growers and others who loaned moi y on rice or palay futures based on P2.00 the - a/ah, wlen offerings are only Pl.60 to Pl .bo in tiie producing region locally. The 1930 Japanese rice crop was reported as 156,000,000 cavans, an increase of 15,000,000 cavans or about 10.5%. Southern China reported a verj fair crop, reducing importations also. Stocks m Indo-China and Siam reported as ample, but those of Burma reduced through a spotty crop this year, and which moves princi pally to India. A Rice Growers Convention was held in Manila in January but nothing tangible can be ex pected of it in the face of actual conditions. Its main object was that of raising the price of price by law, a thing impossible of success. The arranging of credits to the industry to take the place of those destroyed by law will be another obstacle. These will connote the only collateral to be real estate and certainly not the commodity itself which is subject to the fluctuations of commerce. Cost production in the Central Plain averages about P2.30 per cavan of palay this year. COPRA AND ITS PRODUCTS By E. A. Seidenspinner Manila Export Corporation The local Copra mar ket was entirely a buy ers market during the first half of February. During this period London reached alow, for the month, of £13-17-6 for F. M. M. and the Pacific Coast market, during the same period of time, declined to 2.45 cents per pound. We have no report of heavy trades, however, at these low figures, and with the consummation of resales by U. S. dealers as well as Pacific Coast mills to London, the market improved again and was quoted at £14-10-0 for F. M, M. Notwithstanding the firmness of the European market for Copra during the second half of February, the U. S. Copra market, in sympathy with Coconut Oil prices, declined slightly about the middle of the month. However, there was a considerable spread between quotations from Pacific Coast mills and bids from Pacific Coast brokers, evi dently covering sales of independent operators, to Europe. This differential, at times, became as much as 10 points per 100 pounds. At Ma nila prices were easy during the entire month, but steadied somewhat during the closing days of the month when it was manifest that sellers were not anxious to take on additional business at the then existing levels. Total manifested arrivals at Manila during the month of February were 223,431 bags as compared with 165,644 bags for February, 1930. Latest cable advices follow: London F. M. M..........£14-10-0 Sundried...........................£14-1.5-0 San Francisco..................1*2.45 to P2.50 cents per pound, nominal Manila Buen-Corriente .. 1*4.875 per picul Resecada...................... P5.37-1/2 to P5.50 per picul Coconut Oil.—The American market for Coconut Oil was dull for the month with buyers refusing to pay more than 4-1/4 cents C. I. F. New York for nearby shipment. The same dull condition existed on the Pacific Coast, and it was not until the closing days of February that a better inquiry was noted at 4-3/8 cents to 4-7/16 cents C. I. P. New York for August/December sailing. While the independence of consuming buyers in America is beyond question, due to heavy supplies and purchases well forward, at the same time the continued strength of the European market must in time have its effect on America. Latest cable advices follow: San Francisco..................4-1/4 cents f. o. b. tank cars, futures New York....................... 4-3/8 to 4-7/16 cents per pound c. i. f. London.............................Unquoted Manila..............................21 centavos per kilo • ex tank Copra Cake.—The European market for this item presented more of interest than those for Coconut products during many months. From January quotation of £4-6-0 C. I. F. Hamburg, quotations were easy for the early days of February, but were gradually advanced with the month closing at £4-17-6 to £5-0-0 C. I. F. Hamburg, dependent upon position. Unquestion ably, there was a greater volume of trading in Copra Cake during February than for many months past, with particularly good demand for March shipment. Unless there is a set-back in the grain markets, it is quite probable that inquiry will remain good for the next several months. Latest cable advices follow: Hamburg, March ship ment .............................£4-17-6 to £5-0-0 April-May-June shipment £4-15-0 to £4-17-6 San Francisco..................Unquoted Manila, buyers............... 1*28.00 to P30.00 per metric ton ex go down Sellers...............................P29.00 to P32.00 per metric ton, depend ent upon position Come, my darling, give a look; Let’s peruse this picture book. Here's a lady, that’s a man— Dear, sit quiet if you can. You can’t see this if you turn— Don’t keep bouncing on your stern— Stop that kicking dearest; now, Here’s a goose and there’s a cow. What a stupid little lad! More and more you’re like your Dad. If you wriggle so and squirm, You can’t join your Father’s firm. Listen, Mother’s patience wanes— Haven’t you got any brains? Parenthood, they say, is grand— Go, my precious—go pound sand. —A. E. Notes on the New Books (Continued from page 19) a sincerity and frankness that are almost brutal, he holds up to the bright light of honesty the foibilies and motives of his fellow Britishers, and in a pitiless manner reveals the truth that lies be neath the surface of their actions. Maugham, in this story, has done some of the best writing of his career. His portrayal of the character of Rosie, her beauty as a young woman and the picture of her as an old woman of seven ty, painted and fat, but a siren still are marvellous. To those readers who de sire their fiction realistic in the faithful delineation of human nature, without cream and sugar and a happy ending, Cakes and Ale is highly recommended. One little spot because you’re feeling blue, “Better have another one.” Then there are two. Two little spots, My last one, yessiree!” “Why, hello, MacGregor!” Then there are three. Three little spots, “Say, make it just one more! Stay and have a dividend!” Then there are four. Four little spots—how good to be alive! Mustn’t lose that happy glow—so there are five. Five little spots. "A bin and gitters?” "NixSticking to the same thing.” Then there are six. Six little spots, to make this old earth heaven— Sure, good times are coming! So there are seven. Seven little spots. . ."I’ve gotta go, it’s late... Well, if it’s a fast one.” So there are eight. Eight little spots. “Whasha noise, Sweet Adeline? Have anotherli 1’ drink!” Then there are nine. Nine little spots. “Well, I gotta go.” And then Someone says "A last one, boys.” So there are ten.—A. E. Loafing Through The.... (Continued from page 8) Moslemesque, though there are Chris tian settlers everywhere; and if one cares to do so he can have a 3-day trip up the Cotabato river and back, be holding the new plantations. The travelers boarded the ss. Luzon at Cotabato Monday evening, and reached Zamboanga Tuesday morning. They had an enchanting day in Zambo, and reached Jolo Wednesday morning at sunrise by the same steamship, which, giving them all day at the capital of the Sultan of Sulu, with opportunity to see the nearby mission school whose headmaster, James Fugate, was chosen Jolo’s governor three years ago, took them back to Zamboanga during Wed nesday night. They caught the ss Mayon, swift, new interislander, at Zam boanga Friday at 4 p. m. and landed back in Manila on her Sunday at noon— just 16 hours over a fortnight for the whole delightful, instructive and inex pensive holiday. They highly recom mend the trip to travelers who enjoy leaving the routine path and roughing it a bit. If one cares for only the principal ports, he can make them in all times from four days up—Iloilo, Cebu, Zam boanga—with whatever stopovers he desires. March, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 35 Luzon Stevedoring Co., Inc. RAIL COMMODITY MOVEMENTS By M. D. Royer Traffic Manager, Manila Railroad Company Lightering, Marine Contractors 'I'he volume of commodities received in Manila during the month of February, 1931, via Manila Railroad arc as follows: Rice, cavans............................. Sugar, piculs............................. Copra, piculs............................ Desiccated Coconuts in cases. Lumber & Timber, B. F........ The freight revenue car loading statistics for four weeks ending February 14, 1931, as compared with the same period for the year 1930 are given below: 238,754 675,796 121,834 19,232 913,757 Towboats, Launches, Waterboats Shipbuilders and Provisions SIMMIE & GRILK Phone 2-16-61 Port Area Quality Printing is as essential to vour business as welltailored clothes are to the successful salesman. Attractive letterheads, bill heads, cards, envelopes, labels, etc., are silent but powerful salesmen. Why not let them carry your message in the most effective way? The McCullough Imprint ensures quality printing and all that it implies. McCullough service means expert supervision and the intelligent handling of your printing problems. Whatever your printing needs may be, ydu are assured the utmost satisfaction when McCullough does the job. May we serve you? McCullough printing co. Division of Philippine Education Co., Inc. 101 ESCOLTA Phone 21801 MANILA, P. I. FREIGHT REVENUE CAR LOADINGS COMMODITY NUMBER OF FREIGHT CARS FREIGHT TONNAGE INCREASE OR DECREASE 1931 1930 1931 1930 Cars Tonnage Rice................................ 1,100 838 14,308 12,992 262 1,316 Palay.......................... 299 339 3,585 4,433 (40) (848) Sugar.............................. 1,768 1,411 53,690 41,982 357 11,708 Sugar cane..................... 10,449 7,582 189,717 142,496 2,867 47,221 Copra.................... 846 519 6,523 5,049 327 1,474 Coconuts......................... 249 341 3,088 4,251 (92) (1,163) Hemp........................ ■7 21 60 162 (14) (102) Tobacco . . 4 5 44 52 (1) (8) Livestock..................... 49 45 242 215 4 27 Mineral Products....... 393 477 4,322 4,818 (84) (496) Lumber A- Timber....... 213 242 4,217 5,572 (29) (1,355) Other Forest Products... 24 43 160 281 (19) (121) Manufactures............... 224 276 2,572 3,295 (52) (723) All Ot hers 1 ncluding L.C. L. 3,416 3,117 24,782 25,362 299 (580) Molasses......................... 170 4,900 170 4,900 Totai...................... 19,211 15,256 312,210 250,960 3,955 61,250 SUMMA in Oj Week ending January 21, 1931.....................'. . . 1.536 1 4,009 71.5.32 65,244 A •> .3 Week ending January 31J 1931 ................... ’. .. 5,158 .3,926 88,621 65,426 Week ending February 7, 1931............................. | 4,996 3,420 80.202 54,989 .. .) • ‘ Week ending Februarvl 1 1931........................... ,| 4,521 3,901 -d 65.301 0,50-* 19.211 15,256 312,2101 250.960 j 61,250 Correct Uses of Words In the past tenses also, "laid” and “lay” are often confused. The former is the preterit of lay, and the latter of lie. Say, “I laid the child down,” not “1 lay the child down,” and “1 lay down on the lounge," not “I laid down on the lounge.” learn. Often misused for “teach.” We do not “learn a child its let ters" but “teach a child its letters." The child learns, as wre teach. To teach is to transmit knowledge, to learn is to receive it. learned. Pronounced in two syllables when used as a Hective; thus, “a learn'ed lawyer”: but in one syllable when used a . 1 “she learned with ease.” leave. Such expressions as “Leave me be,” “Leave me s ■ are vul garism for which there is no excuse. Say, “Let me be - have objected to the use of “leave” without an object in . .J' as “lie leaves tomorrow,” but the usage is sanctioned bv^ Legislature. Accented on the first syllable and pronouf>t 'e'i'is-lattvur, not lcj-is-late’-yur. So with legislator and legislaf. Lengthened. Often misused for lengthy or long. Lengthvie. I is proper ly used of a thing only when its original length has beer added to. A long table is lengthened by an addition in the middle or at either end, but unless such an addition had been made it would be incorrect to speak of it as a lengthened table. A long sermon is not necessarily a lengthened sermon; on the other hand, a short, sermon is lengthened when the preacher discourses at. greater length than usual. Lengthy. Properly used in the sense of “immoderately long,” and often misused when “long” is preferable. “A long debate” is preferable. “A long debate is better than “a lengthy debate.” Lengthways. Lengthwise is the better form. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 36 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL March, 1931 BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL DIRECTORY Kerr Steamship Co., Inc. General Agents “SILVER FLEET” Express Freight Services Philippines-New York-Boston Philippines-San Francisco (Direct) Roosevelt Steamship Agency Agents Chaco Bldg. Phone 2-14-20 Manila, P. I. Myers-Buck Co., Inc. Surveying and Mapping PRIVATE MINERAL AND PUBLIC LAND 316 Carriedo Tel. 2-16-10 STA. POTENCIANA 32 TEL. 22715 GjT«S COLOR PLATES HALF-TONES ZINC-ETCHING^| WEANDSCO Western Equipment and Supply Co. Distributers in the Philippines for Western Electric Co. Graybar Electric Co. Westinghouse 119 Calle T. Pinpin P. O. Box 2985 Manila, P. I. Manila Wine Merchants LIMITED 174 Juan Luna Manila, P. I. P. 0. Box 403 Phones 2-25-67 and 2-25-68 PHILIPPINES COLD STORES Wholesale and Retail Dealers in American and Australian Refrigerated Produce STORES AND OFFICES Calle Echague Manila, P. I. « ft 4> CHINA BANKING CORPORATION MANILA, P. I. Domestic and Foreign Banking of Every Description HANSON & ORTH, Inc. Manila, P. I. Buyers and Exporters of Hemp and Other Fibers 612-613 Pacific Bldg. Tel. 2-24-18 BRANCHES: New York—London—Merida—Da"ao SALEEBY FIBER CO., INC. Fiber Merchants P. O. Box 1423 Manila. P. I. Room 318, Pacific Building Cable Address: "SALEFIBER’’ International Harvester Co. of Philippines formerly MACLEOD & COMPANY Manila—Cebu—Vigan—Davao—Iloilo Exporters of Hemp and Maguey Agents for INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER CO. Agricultural Machinery MADRIGAL & CO. 8 Muelle del Banco Nacional Manila, P. I. Coal Contractors and Coconut Oil Manufacturers MILL LOCATED AT CEBU P. O. Box|1394 Telephone 22070 J. A. STIVER Attorney-At-Law-Notary Public Certified Public Accountant ^Administration of Estates to the Investments Receiverships Investments Collections Income Tax 121 Real, Intramyros Manila, P. I. “LA URBANA” (Socledad Mfitua de Construcci6n y Prtstamos) Prestamos Hipotecarios Inversiones de Capital Paterno Building, Calle Helios MANILA, P. I. A. K. SPIELBERGER SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADA The Earnshaws Docks and Honolulu Iron Works Sugar Machinery Slipways Machine Shops Port Area Manila, P. I. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL DODGE BROTHERS S I X DODGE DEPENDABILITY TRUE ECONOMY ESTKELLA Al TO LEVY IIERMANOS. I 5 3 6-568 GANDARA MANILA II.OII.O CEBU SECURITY SAFEKEEPING SERVICE securities as well as those responsible lor the salekeeping <>1 securities such as executors, trustees and officers ol domestic and ioreign corporations will find the facilities of our Customers' Securities Department of special value providing as it does both safety and relief from the many details attendant upon ownership or management. QW.NERS of SECURITIES ill safekeeping with Olli- Customers' Securities Department mav be sold or transferred and earnings may be disposed ol as you maxdirect . WE particularly recommend this service to those leaving the Philippine Islands for trips abroad who may wish to have their securities protected against theft and fire, their earnings collected lor them and who, al the same time, may maintain complete control during their absence through the world wide services of this Bank. COMPLETE DETAILS ON APPLICATION THE NATIONAL CITY BANK OF NEW YORtx HEAD OFFICE: 55 WALL ST., NEW YORK CITY Manila Office: NATIONAL CITY BANK BUILDING Cebu Offic : GOTIACOBUI !>’ I S RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERl t JOUC'iA.. Ask the man who smokes them — OLD PRESIDENTES There are all sorts of “Presidentes” but the best of them all are “OLD PRESIDENTES” Made only by LA INSULAR IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL