The American Chamber of Commerce Journal

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Part of The American Chamber of Commerce Journal

Title: The American Chamber of Commerce Journal
Issue Date: Volume XI (Issue No. 12) December 1931
Year: 1931
Language: English
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extracted text: December, 1931 Governor Davis Leaves U. S. Trade Over Phil ippine Roads Davis’s Parting Speech Bureau of Customs Report Talkies in Review Other Features and the Usual Expert Rewies of Commerce H Walter Robb y It is not the form of H government, but the ® way it is administered that counts A Summary of the Davis Administration Beryl Hughes u A Detailed Statement § for 1930 $ TRULY . A . MAGAZINE—PREEMINENT • IN • THE • PHILIPPINES Tabacalera’s famous PIGTAILS If you haven’t made their acquaintance yet ... you are missing something Made in four sizes; at your tobacconist A TABACALERA Product When Telegraphing Use The Radiogram Route » \ A TORLD RADIO CORPORATION OF THE PHILIPPINES INSULAR LIFE BUILDING ! „ ( 2-26-01 Phones : 1 2-26-02 Always Open IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAl December, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL Business Is Picking Up! affirm our financial leaders Trade Is Rapidly Improving. This, therefore, is the right time for our Businessmen to act. The 1932 CARNIVAL and COMMERCIAL and INDUSTRIAL EXPOSITION I January 23 to February 7 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 2 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 30 Months to Pay/ for your GENERAL @ ELECTRIC i ALL-STEEL REFRIGERATOR (Demonstration Models) Special Offer 2 Weeks Only-Dec. 1 to 15 Call at our store and make your selection Besides Textiles (Piece Goods and Mill Ends) L. R. AGUINALDO also handles Ladies’ Hosiery, Kotex, Sew ing Threads, Handkerchiefs, Scarfs, household draperies and other lines of women’s and home necessities. INDUSTRIAL DEPARTMENT Hatters’ Supplies, Footwear Supplies, Beauty Parlor Equipment and Supplies, Glues and Chemicals, Threads, Fishing Nets and Twine. Manila Electric Company Corner Escolta & David Telephone 2-19-11 MANILA: 520 Juan Luna CEBU: 27-33 A. Borromeo NEW YORK: 185 Mercer ILOILO: 7 J. M. Basa Goodrich International Rubber Co. ILOILO MANILA CEBU IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL U. S. Trade Over PHILIPPINE ROADS Remote hamlets buy American milk and muslins motor-trucked to them over the new Philippine highways at low cost By Walter Robb. It is the year 1894. The Philippines are in profound peace, and it is about this season of the year-—December. At dawn a strongly-built victoria drawn by four spccdv ponies lumbers through Bocaue, a village a little way north of Manila on the Camino Real. The steel-tired wheels grind on the gravel surfacing of the road; already the vic toria is coated with the grime of travel, though at this hour there is not much dust. The ponies, freshly groomed and bathed in the Pasig river before the start from Manila, make all headway. Their flanks are flaked with sweat, and there is froth on the bridle bits; flecks of it blow off and catch on the harness, or on the dashboard, or bound over it and stream into the carriage itself. Some official,' or perhaps a bishop, is thus traveling in luxury and will go on this very road clear to Bangued, or even Bayombong, capital of Nucva Vizcaya, far past the Caraballo Snr barrier across Luzon, 200 miles from Manila. The American Chamber of Commerce OF THE Philippine Islands (Member Chamber of Commerce of the United States) DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS P. A. Meyer, President H. M. Cavender, Vice-President John L. Headington, Treasurer Leo K. Cotterman W. L. Applegate ALTERNATE DIRECTORS Sam Fraser Verne E. Miller O. M. Shuman S. R. Hawthorne J. C. Rockwell Kenneth B. Day Wm. H. Rennolds C. S. Salmon EXECUTIVE P. A. Meyer, Chairman H. M. Cavender K. B. Day RELIEF W. J Odom, Chairman John Gordon J. R. Wilson MANUFACTURING P. A. Meyer, Chairman Fred N. Berry J. L. Headington LEGISLATIVE P. A. Meyer, Chairman Frank B. Ingersoll J. R. Wilson John R. Wilson, Secretary E. E. Selph, General Counsel COMMITTEES FINANCE W. H. Rennolds, Chairman O. M. Shuman FOREIGN TRADE H. B. Pond, Chairman L. L. Spellman M. M. Saleeby PUBLICATIONS P. A. Meyer, Chairman Roy C. Bennett Kenneth P. Day John R. Wilson BANKING AND CURRENCY O. M. Shuman The ponies stand hard driving, seem to like it. The whole trip may be made in four days, an astonishing speed for the times—only to be explained by the excellence of the road and the straight way it cuts through the provinces and finds the pass over the mountains. It is the golden-period of the Victorian era in the Philippines. The sun comes up on a valley wider than the eye can com pass, the Pampanga, or central Luzon plain, every acre ladened with yellow rice; some being cut, some in shock, some already stacked, and some in pyramids of grain on the threshing floors improvised in the midst of the fields. Our rich man’s carriage is not the only vehicle on the highway, after sunrise. There arc trains of carts, all with axles built solidly into the hewn wheels. These arc heavily loaded with 10 and 15 sacks of rice, 2 water buffalo drawing each of them. There arc also market carts and jaunting carts; tilburys, too, hurry ing to t he next vil lage. And there are slower, wheel less craft, sledges with 4 or 5 sacks of rice on (hem pulled by one buffalo. The farm carts gouge every slight depression in the road a little deep er, and longer and wider; the sledges grind the gravel into sand.sand into dust. Presently a breeze is lifted. Our official now proceeds in swirls of dust. Ilis is, nevertheless, the luxurious travel of a rich man, the only one who can afford the expense ofacoach-and-four. RECEPTION, ENTERTAINMENT AND HOUSE C. S. Salmon, Chairman J. L. Headington W. H. Rennolds J. R. Wilson LIBRARY John Gordon, Chairman SHIPPING H. M. Cavender, Chairman G. P. Bradford E. W. Latie INVESTMENTS P. A. Meyer, Chairman H. M. Cavender J. L. Headington His coachman swabs out the horses’ nostrils at the ferries; tomorrow morning, before undertaking the next stage, he will wade them into the Pampanga and wash them down with go-go bark—have their coats as sleek as silk for another gallop through the dust. This road is equipped with many good bridges and culverts, and more are being added every year ; which is the reason our official can drive over it from Manila to Bayombong in 4 days. But today, over this same road, you can get into your car in Manila and motor to Bayombong in 4 hours. Or you can buy a ticket on a truck that will take you there in but little more time; and on this truck or in your car you can go on beyond Bayombong through Isabela and Cagayan provinces to the city at the northern end of Luzon, Aparn, where the tides of the Pacific sweep into the milc-wide mouth of the Rio Grande de Cagayan. I Before the Americans came to the Philippines the Spaniards had surveyed and laid out a good system of provincial roads. They had surfaced many of these roads with tufa stone or rubble. The tufa wore readily, made the poorer but the smoot her surface; the rubble with stood wear but was very rough. Ordinari ly the roads were terraplains with road beds filled with broken tufa and surfaced with gravel. The revolutionary period, 189.6-1903, destroyed these roads through neglect of their up-keep; indeed, as the American military administration began building new roads and rebuilding old ones in February, 1899, when its forces took the field, rebuilding went on wliile destruction continued. The military regime continuing until September 1, 1900, as to legislation, and July 4, 1901, as to administration, effected a great deal in the repair and building of roads wherever these were important to its wagon trains and service of supply. The good roads movement, therefore, began in the Philippines well back in 4 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 New end Old in Contrast: Modern Bridge and Parish Church at San Fernando. Pampanga, one of the bestimproved provincial capitals and primary market centers of the Philippines. The province of Pampanga is concreting the main highway through its territory on the Manila-Baguio road via Tarlak. the Spanish period. Spaniards laid its foundation, as they did that of port works and light houses. It was far prior to the automobile age, and even the early roads built or rebuilt by the Americans were too light for modern motor traffic and required reconstruc tion (which has largely been effected since 1913) to bring the cost of up-keep within the bounds of available revenue. And though the Spanish roads them selves were half-way or quite destroyed when the Americans came, thousands of bridges and culverts of stone, cement and brick built into these highways were still standing—the bridges perhaps with a span blown out by some action of war. Good engineering was evidenced in these structures. The inability of the Amer icans to get immediately at the task of road-building on the scale required resulted in the collapse of many Spanish bridges and culverts that might other wise have been saved, but despite this irremediable loss 2,991 Spanish bridges have been incorporated in the modern road system of the Philippines as per manent structures needless to replace with reinforced concrete. Even a greater boon to modern Philip pine roads was the right-of-way for provincial highways the Spaniards had surveyed and made of record as public property. Even where roads had not been built or were only partially built, the right-of-way had been secured ami maps were at hand to guide the engineer. The Spaniards had also organized a public works bureau in Manila, to counsel provincial and town officials charged with the road-building work and to furnish plans and cost estimates. This bureau was the model for the one existing now, organized by the Americans in 1903. Few early Americans ade quately appreciated what the Spaniards had done, because the roads were found dilapidated or quite destroyed; and commerce, as a consequence, was para lyzed. The Americans then began their road work, and a great economic ideal has been pursued in the Philippines ever since. New wants of the people are supplied by the new roads, new lands are put into cultivation wherever these roads arc extended. If the Philippines are now America’s best export dairy products market, as they are, if they yearly consume the crop from more than 300,000 acres of American wheat lands, and the cotton from an equal acreage, as they do, besides millions of dollars’ worth of other farm and fisheries products, it is because of the new roads and cheap motor transporta tion. And as the roads reach newer and more remote hamlets and towns, and make new fields accessible to set tlers, the market for American goods increases. Unfortunately it is not possible at this time to give freight schedules on motor trucks, the information is just being compiled at the public utility office. But an estimate of how moderate the freight and express charges are may be obtained from knowing the charge for passengers, 1.2 to 1.6 cents per mile. The transportation compa nies are big customers for American automobiles and trucks, tires, gasoline, tools and lubricating oil. The owner ship is in joint-stock companies. Many of the better companies are chiefly owned and operated by Americans. The companies operate under franchises from the utility commission in the form of certificates of public convenience. One of the newest, operating about 3 years in the central Luzon valley has issued about 4/7 of its authorized capital and paid back to stockholders 35% of their investment in frequent dividends accumulated from net earnings. One of the oldest, operating in another sec tion of Luzon, finds lucrative profit in an income excess of 1.2 cents per mile per truck over its total expenses. This indicates how much the roads are used, how popular they are. Trucks carry their passengers to and from towns where there are good markets, where the people sell their produce and buy American imports. Trucks carry work men to places where work is to be had. Good roads and easy means of cheap December, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 5 travel have a large share in mitigating hardships in the Philippines incident to the world economic depression—felt here comparatively lightly. One of the first Spanish roads rebuilt by Americans is the old Camino Real from Legaspi, Capital and seaport of Albay, to Ligao, “through the center of the great hemp country lying to the south of the volcano Mayon.” This road was rebuilt in 1902, at a cost of $33,945. Eight miles of it were given a permanent top-dressing, 3 miles were macadamized. Putting the road into repair saved the people of Albay $360,000 in the year in which the work was completed, 1902. “There was shipped from the port of Legaspi this year . . . 172,135 bales of hemp, the greater portion of which passed over the Camino Real. There entered the port of Legaspi 455,770 sacks of rice, the greater portion of which was trans ported to the interior over this road. . . The greater portion of the supplies neces sary for the maintenance of 250,00 people was carried into the interior over this road.” (From the provincial governor’s annual report for 1902). Yet what were the freight charges! For a two-wheeled wain drawn by 2 oxen, $20 a day, at least $1.50 a mile for perhaps a ton of freight. And for a pony-cart, $12.50 a day, about 40 cents a mile. Right here some Americans began their parti cipation in the transportation business. They put 2 traction engines on the road, trailing freight wagons. They started a stage line between Legaspi and the interior towns, making tri weekly trips upon an an nounced schedule. A train of their wagons were the equivalent of 40 bull-carts, while “the stage line at once became very popular and is well patronized, being run on a time schedule very simi lar to stages run in the west ern portion of the United States.” Here it is that the first mention of American auto mobiles in the Philippines occurs. “Automobiles are now (19Q2) running on the public highway, and dur ing the present year there have been imported into the province in the neighbor hood of 400 bicycles.” “The use of motor vehicles,” says Forbes, in his book, The Philippine Islands, “in the Philippine Islands fol lowed very closely that in the United States. . . A motor vehicle law, model ed upon what had been found necessary in other civilized countries, was enacted in 1912.” Motor vehicles registered in the Phil ippines, practically every one of them an American car: 1913. 1914. 1915. 1916. 1917. 2,046 3,472 3,940 4,835 6,024 1918 ........... 7,379 1925........... 19,589 1919 ........... 9,413 1930.......... 37,039 Of the 37,039 motor vehicles regis tered in the Philippines last year, 22,821 were automobiles and 14,218 were trucks. Motorcycles, a few hundred, arc not included. It is noticeable that the figures almost double from 1925 Naic-Indang Road, Cavite, After Improvement to 1930, and no such remarkable in crease in demand is visible before 1925. This’ is due to the rebuilding of the trunk lilies, or insular highways, and their extension, and to the building and improvement of provincial roads con necting with them. The mileage of roads as set forth by Forbes and brought up to the end of last year by the public works bureau, may be set down here: Year 1907. 1908. 1909. 1910. 1911. 1912. 1st class 303 423 609 764 987 1,143 1,303 1,593 1915.. 1,906 1916.. 2,137 1917.. 2,323 1918.. 2,542 1919.. 2,796 1920.. 2,920 1921. . 2,998 1922.. 3,089 1923.. 3,187 1924.. 3,407 1925.. 3,520 1930. . 4,554 Forbes gives ............ . of first-class highways in the Philippines at the close of 1925, which had increased to 4,554 miles at the close of 1930, last year. In five years, then, the average building of first-class road was 207 miles a year; it was exactly 1,034 miles in 5 years. In the same period the mileage of second-class road nearly doubled; from 1,466 miles it extended to 2,354 miles, and the mileage of third-class road unsuited to motor traffic was somewhat reduced. First-class Philippine highways are well graded and surfaced and constantly maintained. Permanent bridges and culverts are built as rapidly as possible. Where still lacking, bamboo ferries carrying 2 tons or more take their places; a successful collapsible bridge which when floated from place is held by a cable from being carried away, has been de vised for streams subjected to unusual floods. The rightof-way is nearly 17 yards wide; the roads themselves arc just under 8 yards wide, the metalling from 4 to near ly 6 yards wide. New rightof-way is 19 yards wide, and the earlier first-class roads, built and surfaced too light ly, are being rebuilt to with stand heavy motor traffic. Third-class roads are un surfaced imperfectly graded cart roads passable by motor vehicles in fair weather only, or in the dry season of the year. Second-class roads stand midway between these the first-class roads; they roads and the first-class roads; they receive considerable attention from the towns and provinces and eventually become first-class roads. It is this great extension of good high ways that stimulated the sale and use of motor vehicles throughout the islands. Manila is always a good automobile 6 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 market: it is the roads widening the market in the provinces that count— provincial transportation for produce and passengers. This movement will continue while the Philippines continue enjoying the sovereignty of the United States, and, it may be well-guessed, it will ■ practically end when sovereignty ends or the fair-deal ing McKinley policy toward the Philip pines is abandoned. Though there are 49 provinces in the Philippines and Ma nila and the Manila area (from Bocaue and Caloocan to Paranaque) contain perhaps less than a million of the 13 million inhabitants, about half the auto mobiles are regis tered in Manila, and about half the gasoline and lubri cating oil is sold in the Manila area. Prosperity incident to the extension of the roads will grad ually modify this proportion. Many data in this paper come from a report recently prepared by Marcial Kasilag, chief constructing engineer of the pub lic works bureau, to whom grateful acknowledgment is made. “The present pol icy of road-building in the Philippines,” says Kasilag, “is to maintainthoseroutes of communication already established and to extend others until every section of the country with justifiable produc tive traffic is sup plied with an outlet. Not only is the con struction of firstclass metalled roads being pushed, but also all existing sec ond-class and thirdclass roads are maintained until they are reached by first-class construction. Trails for carts and pack animals are opened and main tained in order to provide convenient means of communication with the iso lated and mountainous regions which abound in the islands.” The trails and roads of Mountain province are a story apart, but the road from Manila to Baguio, in the southern part of Mountain province, may be cited as one of the highways built by the early American administrators. By the old route via Nueva Ecija, this road is 175 miles long. The new route through Tarlak cu’ts off a few miles. The road traverses the central Luzon plain; it is indeed, as far as San Jose, that very road over which our Spanish official drove in his victoria; it is all practically a rebuilt road until it reaches the foot hills and ascends the picturesque and treacherous gorge of the Bued river. It is the mountain section that was costly, but the Philippine Commission persisted in building it in order that Baguio should be accessible as a health resort and summer capital. Both the mountain and the valley sections have been of inestimable value to the people. The commission’s report for 1913 gives some data on the use of this road, traffic to Baguio: 22,390 passengers, 15,400,000 lbs. of freight, 1,400,0C0 lbs. of express and bag gage, “without a serious accident.’’ Exactly comparative data are not at hand from the public worksbureau, but si milar data are given forlastyear:8,882pedestrians, 515 carts, 193 led animals, 407 motorcycles, 15,240 automobiles, 5,507 trucks, 43 wagons. Besides, the road (the mountain sec tion alone is referred to) was practically maintained from the tolls collected. The cost of up-keep was §25,375, and the income from tolls $23,455. II The Americans were not tardy in seeing how benefi cial good roads would be in the Philip pines. They believed that good roads would revive and sti mulate industry and commerce, and bring the people to move about more, see wider horizons and rid themselves of a moribund parochial ism belonging es sentially to other times. These have been the results, manifold in volume and ramifications, but the question of means to build the roads was a stubborn one. The first act of the Philippine Commission, September 1, 1900, voted SI,000,000 for the construction and repair of roads—and the five worried com missioners—Taft, Worcester, Wright, Ide, Moses—wondered where the money December, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 7 would come from. (For, it may be said for readers in the United States, the Philippines get no appropriations from the Federal government. From the beginning they have supported them selves, even their own postal system. Incidentally and quite as an aside, it is well to keep this in mind when some one complains that they have free trade with the United States. So do Hawaii, Alaska, Porto Rico, because under American sovereignty; and besides that they have Federal appropriations, thump ing big ones often enough, while the Malacafian as Rebuilt by Governor Dwight Filley Davis Public Works Photo Philippines have none). Of course, the commission’s million for roads came into the treasury from ordinary taxes by the time it was needed. But no great good-roads policy could be undertaken successfully without spe cial taxation. It was not desired to revive the old borrowed labor, which the people called forced labor, system of the Spaniards; it drew from each man be tween 18 and GO years of age from 15 to 40 days of work on public works each year, but the people abhorred it and claimed abuses. A good road revenue svstem could be evolved because the Philippine gov ernment was, as it remains, highlv centralized. Nothing is more fortunate in Philippine historv than the advent of the automobile when the good-roads movement was in its infancy. When the Philippine assembly, an elective body, became the lower house of the legislature in 1907, the Philippine com mission found the assembly an aid to its efforts for roads; nor did the move ment undergo decline when the organic act of 1916 took effect and the com mission was abolished, the elective senate of 24 members (2 of them ap pointed by the governor general) took its place. The first permanent fund for roads and bridges was that created by doub ling the poll or registration tax which is levied on men in the Philippines between the ages of 18 and 60 years. The tax had been §0.50; it was made §1, the increase all going into provincial road and bridge funds, to which may be added specific appropriations from the same tax. When this was done, 10% more from the internal revenue was granted the provinces, making their share of this revenue 20%. There are now six sources of road and bridge money. First, the poll tax. Second, direct insular and provincial appropriations. Third, the proceeds of public works bonds. Fourth, the gaso line and lubricating oil taxes. Fifth, motor vehicle registration fees. Sixth, the revolting fund for bridges. Follow ing are comparisons at 3 intervals of money spent annually for roads and bridges: 1901............. 81,000,000 1913........................... 1,935,000 1930................................ 9,537,150 In 1913, when the road appropriations were thought to be high, 161 miles of highway were built at an average cost of §7,200 a mile. Costs have risen since, varying according to locality and other changing factors, and cover ing better roads than were built in the early years. “Water-bound macadam roads are obsolete,” Kasilag asserts. “Maintenance costs have steadily risen... Paving with asphalt or concrete all existing modern roads subjected to heavy' traffic has been the policy' since 1928. Curves of short radius are being Public Works Photo General Luna Bridge over the Rio Grande de la Pampanga, at Cabanatuan, N. E., largest primary rice market in the Philippines. eliminated or improved, diversions around towns are being constructed? and bridges are being made wider and stronger.” Some of the sources of the §9,537,150 spent in the Philippines on roads and bridges in 1930 arc available from the public works bureau’s accounting de partment: Insular appropriations................... $1,409,776 Provincial appropriations................ 4,072,227 Gasoline and Oil Tax..................... 1,500,000 Motor Registrations........................ 900,000 Revolving Bridge Fund.................. 658,927 Other Sources................................... 996,230 Total......................................... $9,537,150 The §996,230 listed opposite other sources is probably' chiefly from the towns, from which the public works bureau in Manila does have the data. Of the provincial appropriations of §4,072,227, the sum of §1,314,786.75 is from the poll tax. Actual gasoline and oil tax collections were §2,021,255. Bridge toll collections were also an im portant source of revenue. The gasoline tax is 7J^ cents a gallon, the tax on lubricating oil is 5-68/100 cents a gallon. With this tax alone, therefore, motor vehicles pay nearly' 1/4 of the cost and up-keep of Philippine roads. No bond money' was expended on Philippine roads last year. Instead of that, §5,000,000 in public works bonds bearing 5^% interest were paid off in the United States by the Philippine government 10 y'ears before they' were due. Reason, interest too high; Philip pine bonds remaining unpaid bear only 4% to 4J^%. The public w'orks bonds had been floated on a poor bond market, and at a time when talk of withdrawal of American sovereignty from the Philippines had impaired the islands’ credit. The good credit the islands commonly enjoy under American sovereignty is, of course, a potent factor in the good roads. Ill Great, publicity in the United States has been given the Machado military road traversing Cuba, a single island, from Havana to Santiago, a distance (Please turn to page 18) 8 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 davis’S DEPARTING SPEECH “The form of government is not all-important. The way in which it is administered means more to the people.” At a popular banquet in his honor at the Manila Hotel November 20, on the eve of his departure from the Philip pines, Governor General Dwight F. Davis spoke reflectively of his administration and summarized from the executive viewpoint the progress of the Philippines under the United States. Though the daily newspapers and the weeklies have published what he said, it is so infused with economic facts and truths bearing upon the commercial welfare of the Phil ippines that it deserves a place in the Journal. If read once, it is worth reading again; and it is also worth keeping for future reference. So it follows in full.—Ed. Tonight my heart is filled with conflicting emotions: sincere appre ciation of the expressions of good-will I have heard this evening; regret at leaving the Philippine Islands and the friends I have made here; and happiness at the prospect of seeing my family reunited. Happily this conflict has not extended to my official relation ships. As is inevitable in all human relations, differences of opinion, opposing- ideas, oc casional misunderstandings have occurred. Typhoons, seemingly destructive, have suddenly arisen without the usual warning signals, and under gathering storm clouds, gales of wind have harrassed our ship of state. But always the warm sun of understanding, the blue sky of clear vision, and the calm seas of coopera tion have followed the tem pest—and the good ship stead ily forges ahead. It is therefore appropriate that on this occasion I should express my deep and sincere appreciation to all those who have cooperated so whole heartedly in keeping the ship of state on an even keel. To my associates in the Cabinet, the Legislature and the Judiciary; to the leaders of the political, business and other important fields of endeavor; to my loyal advisers, official and unofficial; to the faithful workers in the Bureaus and Departments; to the press, when critically helpful or helpfully critical—or even when just critical from force of habit; to the members of the Filipino, American and foreign communities; to all those who have cooperated with me for the welfare of the Philippine Islands, I give my heart-felt thanks. To them and not to me belongs whatever credit history may give to my administration. Governor General Dwight E. Davis After all, cooperation is but team work, and team work is as important in a government as it is in athletics. If the people work together, much may be accomplished even under unfavorable circumstances. If they pull apart, even the best form of government will fail. The form of government is not all-important. The way in which it is administered means more to the people. A good form poorly administered will not bring health, education and other benefits. A poor form well administered will accom plish far more for their welfare. The up-building of a govern ment may be compared to the construction of a house. Many elements enter into the build ing, but the vital things do not always make the most show. The unseen strength of the foundation and the abihty of the materials to withstand rot and decay—these are vital ele ments of the building. So, too, in a government; it must have a strong foundation if it is to endure. History, es pecially in modern times, has repeatedly demonstrated that the strength of the foundation depends largely upon its econ omic stability. Government is becoming increasingly econ omic, decreasingly political. Both our house and our gov ernment must also be resistant to destructive forces. In the house, which may appear to be in good condition, if white ants arc allowed to work their in visible destruction unchecked, the building will some day un expectedly fall. In a govern ment, which outwardly may seen to be sound, if the invis ible canker of graft eats at its heart it will bring destruction, unless itself driven out and destroyed. I have tried constantly to . emphasize these vital elements; economic development and the elimination of graft. The LegBuiietin Bhoio islature is taking a keen, vig orous and intelligent interest in economic development. The people have stood squarely with me in cases where graft has appeared, and the fight waged against it has so far been successful. That the people supported the fight was proved in the last election when two dismissed governors and other officials under investigation were defeated. It was a most encouraging sign to friends of good government and a warn ing to corrupt politicians. But in every government every where, eternal vigilance is necessary to prevent a reappear(Pleasc turn to page 14) December, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 9 Detailed statement of collections made by the Bureau of Customs from August 20, 1898 to ° December 31,1930 [Gross, from 1899 to 1997, inclusive. (I) (2) (3) (4) Net from 1908 to 1930] Fiscal year Import duties Wharfage dues Immigration Tonnage dues (5) Documen tary stamp (6) (7) Ending June— 1899 ......................... 1* 5,169,084.46 P872,820.70 1900 ............................. 9,137,675.98 1,095,790.64 1901 ......................... 15,465,034.88 1,327,602.46 1902 ......................... 14,580,305.38 1,706,001.80 1903 ......................... 15,357,674.36 3,025,698.40 1904 ......................... 13,480,235.12 2,781,863.68 19Q5......................... 13,328,193.86 2,601,456.58 1906 ......................... 12,128,455.58 2,580,572.64 1907 ......................... 13,282,792.10 2,779,318.80 1908 ......................... 13,316,554.54 2,059,213.58 1909 ......................... 13,184,569.44 2,270,445.94 1910 ......................... 13,408,476.94 2,387,620.08 1911 ......................... 13,589,098.34 3,051,270.74 1912 ......................... 14,800,441.72 3,225,251.70 1913 ......................... 12,648,217.16 3,034,886.72 July-Dec., 1913.... 5,577,631.21 855,670.80 P 23,967.90 40,138.00 46,840.00 38,645.00 39,273.00 70J96.00 81,031.00 96,286.36 101,741.00 99,211.00 95,912.00 36,552.00 P377,600.46 358,433.14 332,536.54 200,956.00 112,774.76 86,936.14 82,815.26 88,511.86 90,100.08 96,020.34 104,195.82 49,580.68 Ending December 31— 1914 ......................... 9,547,636.50 1,033,937.16 1915 ......................... 10,723,925.65 1,103,056.20 1916 ......................... 9,871,687.34 1,277,476.12 1917 ......................... 11,183,822.41 1,137,622.26 1918 ....................... 13,479,736.56 1,305,477.59 1919 ......................... 10,975,070.57 1,080,972.71 1920 ......................... 13,786,251.53 1,059,388.79 1921 ......................... 12,778,790.71 1,473,627.13 1922 ......................... 11,362,250.06 1,852,094.77 1923 ......................... 13,559,403.13 1,742,747.11 1924 ......................... 17,682,619.27 1,926,715.13 1925 ......................... 18,153,985.31 2,162,074.55 1926 ......................... 17,055,547.78 2,053,308.53 1927 ......................... 15,952,850.25 2,474,959.59 1928 ......................... 19,177,375.81 2,578,361.31 1929 ......................... 21,067,524.33 3,069,302.15 1930 ......................... 17,841,385.56 3,050,639.03 108,202.00 113,540.00 87,512.00 152,232.00 207,752.00 232,864.00 238,992.00 237,040.00 239,152.00228,864.00 250,452.00 231,196.00 339,824.00 355,024.00 296,496.00 338,512.00 401,488.00 108.393.99 101,223.37 81,770.98 152,690.49 157,756.42 176,115.15 256,725.75 254,515.27 276,129.88 322.191.99 368,039.45 354,489.52 373,788.36 384,006.38 395,031.62 461,403.35 456,320.79 P 72,184.10 103.984.20 198,398.09 303,439.99 350,825.31 361,123.45 429,107.23 455.378.20 477,860.85 515,000.91 541,090.72 568,438.06 601,257.39 633,837.83 659,066.22 718,467.72 737,733.62 (10) Fiscal year Arrastre charge Ending June— 1899 ......................... 1900 ......................... 1901 ......................... 1902 ......................... 1903 ......................... 1904 ......................... 1905 ......................... 1906 ......................... 1907 ......................... 1908 ......................... 1909 ......................... 1910 ......................... 1911 ......................... 1912 ......................... 1913 ......................... July-Dec., 1913. ... (11) Pier charges (12) (13) Sales of fixed assets (M) Inventory adjustment Ending December 31 — 1914 ......................... 1915 ......................... 1916 ......................... 1917 ......................... 1918 ......................... 1919 ......................... 1920 ......................... 1921 ......................... 1922 .......... ,............. 1923 ......................... 1924 ......................... 1925 ......................... 1926 ......................... 1927 ......................... 1928 ......................... 1929 ......................... 1930 ......................... P 259,617.74 180,166.02 175,243.58 205,530.82 256,393.22 317,282.71 429,015.81 491,875.84 232,252.78 39,803.91 15,104.29 27,862.79 8.865.17 8.427.18 8,021.07 8,825.69 7.427.18 Collection in the U.S. Fines and forfeitures .................. P 41,058.82 ................. 61,686.00 .................. 18,988.14 ................. 10,817.60 .................. 11,301.88 .................. 9,792.10 .................. 10,187.52 .................. 29,614.46 .................. 130,022.08 .................. 63,915.84 .................. 113,166.08 .................. 37,360.88 P 1,892.14 1,451.00 2,1’21.62 4,795.46 17,204.86 2,018.00 5,177.92 2,121.36 2,854.80 8,381.64 13,855.30 16,966.52 29,533.08 22.671.57 31.744.57 27,644.17 41,423.54 28.211.90 86,425.13 33,274.85 83,549.43 44.272.91 48,140.70 31,857.15 39,042.37 64,991.75 68,113.74 76,737.78 68,192.40 (8) (9) Profits, sales of supplies 112.77 123.11 137.20 122.20 178.07 263.08 287.13 301.67 2,178.54 2,007.01 2,229.71 Rentals P 960.00 860.00 713.00 672.00 760.00 1,551.00 3,853.00 3,042.97 2,887.67 3,100.42 3,441.00 3,432.00 3,432.00 3,702.00' (15) Miscellaneous receipts Credit adjustyear expense (17) Other souroes Tota 1 ................. P 31,000.72 ................. 25,301.16 .................. 14,995.18 .................. 15,768.06 ................. 11,878.26 .................. 21,659.96 .................. 18,453.18 ................. 17,460.40 ................. 19,593.52 .................. 19,324.40 ................. 21,620.12 ................. 9,133.88 P 170,855.46 P 6,212,760.62 851.111.68 11,084,578.30 1,456,984.06 18,249,621.40 771,569.06 17,057,876.24 224,413.18 19,081,413.84 240,079.42 16,987,736.52 183,878.20 16,526,888.50 130,967.02 15,106,181.90 152,075,24 16,389,417.04 163,868.40 15,728,820.72 161.898.46 15,809,400.80 408,881.16 16,436,851.26 200,974.14 17,185,799.90 208.706.68 18,512,901.68 268.748.46 16,286,746.36 88,740.27 6,654,669.52 P 43,915.40 36,657.43 38,653.14 48,870.09 66,593.21 91,470.06 112,825.99 108,844.88 107,170.95 123,560.63 122,322.97 130,755.38 152,019.17 147,327.15 175,119.18 169,618.66 18,535.89 19,913.60 32,039.50 46,347.34 88.885.64 251,138.63 179,965.19 181,268.99 65,132.97 22,607.17 21.795.64 21,535.20 20,351.02 24,680.53 28,309.16 43,876.49 '36,025.48 P 77.44 .................. P 101.08 767.08 P 36.16 1,176.28 554.61 10.38 820.72 408.66 2.16 1,067.60 271.84 1.78 2,692.16 825.02 27.00 8,635.31 357.50 43.93 8,807.12 285.16 21,730.86 226.20 24,301.61 1,149.55 18,528.09 526.38 15,190.80 135.70 21,291.88 242.84 36,404.63 769.15 26,608.09 P 763.19 400.39 272.51 83.62 2,115.29 2,116.94 250.59 8,391.93 2,299.27 1,303.67 5,876.52 30,820.47 17,226.10 86.824.96 102,692.45 124,949.88 11,939.04 31.794.69 8,449.71 10,444.45 5,769.06 8,680.85 5,587.55 7,536.15 10,420.01 11,419.10 7,431.28 10.670.70 20,557.08 23.638.96 11,266,757.56 12,516,539.46 11,917,479.49 13.263.181.20 15,977,313.43 13,528,382.28 16,572,340.14 16,033,476.47 14,721,560.65 16,605,005.12 21,010,541.53 21,720,252.05 20.667.905.20 20,092,846.78 23,418,653.94 26,056,232.72 22,843,004.73 Notes: Column 2.—Export duties only from 1899 to 1902; wharfage dues and exports duties combined from 1903 to December 31, 1913; wharfage dues only from 1914 to 1930. Columns 3 to 16, except 10 and 11.—Where no figures are given prior to 1917, collections had been entered under “Other sources’’ column 17. Column 10.—Including pier charges in 1914. 10 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 CHRISTMAS Surely it is a coincidence of the happiest order that the greatest Christian festival falls upon the day that in old Rome was a pagan holiday of fructification, and that Christmas perpetuates the in nocent customs of its prototype. For at least once each year this brings man back to the soil. He is pagan again, he is primal, tribalall mankind is his tribe. He permits himself some little rude license, extends a wider hospitality, gives generously; because he wants people, the tribe of man, to be alive, enjoy living, and use life for its primal purpose: fructification, the welfare of the tribe, its enhancement, its power; that fear may be overcome, and the adver sities of material environment vanquished and put to rout. So candles blaze on his altars, at his domestic fane, ’round his hearthstone. So fruits are on his board, grandchildren at his knee. Man is pater familias at Christmas, putting the house hold gods through their paces and counting the world his realm. And better yet—wishing everyone the same. He secures brave Christmas cards, posts them around the world like godly messengers. Never mind what he scribbles on them, or. prints, or engraves. Their real message is a call in the wilderness, a signal fire, a tribal code flashed out: “All well at our cairn! How is It with you there? Signal back!” What are the Philippines signaling back this year? As to busi ness, which is public welfare. As to politics, too often private am bition. As to peace on earth. In business our position is not the best, but comparatively good; it is far from being as bad as it might be. Let the signal be favor able, then, respecting public welfare. In politics, we who write this do not believe that the mission of five of the Philippines’ leaders, which has started off to Washington, has gone there to get this archipelago withdrawn from the sover eignty of the United States. Its name, Independence Mission, indi cates that it has. But it sailed with plenary powers from a conser vative legislature, and at least some of its members are responsible Christian men. It is endorsed by a conservative press, and it bears the blessing of the leader of most of the people—Manuel L. Que zon—whose own suggestions in Washington were, (1) autonomy, (2) delayed independence during a period of economic adjustment, (3) independence now, with all its foretold calamities, if no more desirable action can be obtained from congress. (Mr. Quezon has also pointed to the possibility, which we think more than a prob ability, that congress will busy itself with domestic affairs and not take up Philippine legislation at all; and he meant, we suppose, that the mission should govern itself accordingly and not force the issue. To which we heartily subscribe). WHOM TO SUCCEED DAVIS? Governor General Dwight F. Davis left Manila November 21 on furlough to the United States, and said some things in a public address on the eve of his departure indicating quite definitely his intention not to return to the Philippines as governor. But he had not resigned. An estimate of his administration appears elsewhere in this issue of the Journal. This paper concerns itself with the question of who will succeed him. He reached Seattle December 15, may be in Washington before the end of the year. He is still the islands’ titular governor, with indefinite leave of absence at his disposal, while Acting Governor General George C. Butte carries on his policies. Of the many conjectures about Governor Davis's successor, the first is as to when Davis may resign. If Davis does resign it seems logical to suppose he will not do so except upon an understanding with the man who appointed him. President Hoover. When he gives up the Philippines post it will probably be to go to some other one. Governor Davie carries with him only the best wishes of the Philippines, where it would please everyone for him to return. So he has no reason to resign except at his pleasure. When he wills is when Governor Davis is likely to resign, but the event may safely be placed within the next twelve month : before the November elections under certain circumstances, after them in certain other circumstances. His position is an in dependent one, the situation is in his hands. It is said that until the November elections are over it can not be certain, this time, which party will control the country. This ought to make but little difference to the Philippines, whose ad ministration is not a partisan matter. Economic development is the keynote. There is acceptance of that principle here, all the more reason for both parties to adhere to it in America. But there are weightier considerations involved for the Democratic party, should it return to power. The concern will be to get a man who will do as well as Davis did. The governorship, though not in power it may enjoy, is back to its old exalted place. Therefore, the man needed here by either party is he who may see the economic needs of the country; and speak persuasively and work persistently to supply them. The economic welfare of the Philippines is no little dependent upon the governor. He shapes the budget, approves the appropria tions, decides about bonds and how much and at what price to mortgage the public credit for improvements. His veto gives him power over taxation, over other vital things, too. He must exercise this power courageously, yet without offense. Taxes here are chiefly gathered and spent by the central govern ment, and chiefly levied upon business and industry. It is a nice study to keep them within bounds. The legislature represents chiefly the landed class, taxed indirectly, and requires counsel, coupled with guidance, in fields where it is inexperienced. Then, too, the governor defines the policy of the Philippine National Bank, voting its stock and choosing its directors. This in itself is fundamental in the country’s welfare. Turn the question over as you may, and you will see that with the growth of the country has come a growth of the governor’s office. A man of great calibre, especially in diplomacy and economics, is required to fill it as it ought to be filled. Such a man, we may confidently expect, with out regard to how November goes, will succeed Governor Davis when he chooses to resign. W. R. December, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 11 DAVIS LEAVES Governor General Dwight F. Davis is leaving the Philip pines within a few days, on leave of absence which will prob ably eventuate in his resignation. During 2-1/2 years he has been a chief executive exceptionally well-liked by Amer icans, Filipinos, and foreigners. On the matter of the inde pendence of the islands, he has distanced all his predecessors: he has never spoken of it, but held from the beginning “it is a matter for congress to determine.” First his daughter Alice, and during the past year his daughter Cynthia, was his hostess at Malacanan, Mrs. Davis being ill and sojourning in Europe for treatments. For a year, too, Dwight F. Davis, jr., has been in Manila. Governor Davis’s family life has been a matter of pride to Americans, the admiration of every one. His irreproachable character—he has never once lost his temper—has been reflected in the probity and good house keeping of his administration. He has inveighed against but one industry, graftsmanship; he removed 147 officials from public office for cause in 1929, 150 in 1930; he has disci plined more than 1,000. His inaugural address warned the guilty that he would do this, and he kept his plighted word. He assures taxpayers that the state council has been an advi sory body only; in this field he has made use of it, he believes that a similar arrangement would be of use in Washington in effecting an understanding between congress and the White House. (The state council includes with the cabinet, the presiding officers and floor leaders of the houses of the legis lature). Here is a rough outline of Davis’s work: Inspections in 44 of the Islands’ 49 provinces, with follow up work by the cabinet and advisors. Division of the agriculture bureau into the plant-industry bureau and the animal-husbandry bureau. Division of the insular treasury into the bank-examining bureau and the treasury bureau. (This is in connection with the new banking policy especially applied to the Philip pine National Bank, and to others through it, out of which has evolved the clearing house.) Independence of the executive from the legislature in making appointments, resulting in the confirmation of every nominee to the judiciary Governor Davis proposed, together with other nominations that had been pending. Provision has been made for enlarging and reorganizing the Philippine supreme court, a further step in the better administration of justice. Governor Davis holds that his trip with Secretary Filemon Perez of commerce, Secretary Rafael Alunan of agriculture, and members of his advisory staff through Siam, Indochina, the Straits Settlements, Java and Sumatra had an awakening effect upon the public service: “the reports have brought forcibly to the attention of the Filipino people the fact that the Philippines hadfallen behind neighboring oriental countries in economic development, . . . radical steps must be taken immediately to overcome existing handicaps.” When Davis began living in Malacanan the place was in wretched repair, inadequate to family use and the entertain ment of official guests of the government. The legislature voted its repair and improvement, also the repair and improve ment of Mansion House in Baguio. This building has been effected in a creditable manner, the governor now has a com fortable home in Manila and a good cottage to sojourn in at Baguio. The legislature has provided that the justice department appoint provincial sheriffs, formerly the agents of provincial governors. It is anticipated that this will expedite the serving of judicial notices, and levying upon property forfeited under foreclosures. Governor Davis’s enthusiasm over the natural beauties of the Philippines led to establishing the tourist bureau under the competent direction of James King Steele, who had suc cessfully press-agented Japan. The bureau, in the Manila Hotel, is progressing with its task. The new penal code is free of many antiquated and harsh penalties contained in the old; the clause exempting legislators from arrest and search (especially applicable in gambling raids) slipped through tardily but is held to be without legal effect. There is a movement to repeal it. Close attention to governmental investments in semipublic corporations effected capable boards of directors and aided in putting all the going concerns on a paying basis; a higher duty upon cement is favorable to the semipublic cement corporation’s plant at Cebu and to investments of private capital in the local manufacture and sale of cement. The Governor General has succeeded in securing the co operation of the Legislature to an extent not before realized in sound budgetary practice. Both in 1929 and 1930 the general appropriation act and the public works bill were passed by the Legislature substantially as proposed in the budget submitted to it by the Governor General. As a result, the Philippine Islands is one of the few poljt'cal subdivisions of the world which will complete the year 1931 without having been obliged to borrow money to meet current expenses. The Legislature in 1929 authorized the use of a part of the accumulated cash surplus for the purpose of redeeming Manila Port Works Bonds due in 1950 but redeemed in 1930. These bonds carried 5-1/2% interest, the highest rate ever paid by the Philippine Government. Over 1*9,000,000 worth of bonds were retired in 1930 which will mean an annual saving in interest of approximately one-half million pesos. During 1930 a reservation was set aside in Mindanao cov ering large tracts of land in Agusan and Davao which was to be reserved for homesteading by non-Christians and Chris tians. The purpose of this was to enable the government to keep a closer check on settlers and to protect them from designing persons who make a practice of exploiting ignorant men in new countries. Along the same lines every effort has been made to assure the people of the non-Christian prov inces of their rights to their lands, of protection in their customs which are not antagonistic to statute law, and to secure their participation in the government of their own district by appointment wherever possible to administrative positions. Shortly after his arrival the Governor General appointed a committee to make a survey of the land title situation. Following their report an intensive drive was launched to reduce the large number of pending cases of one kind or another. A large number of judges were assigned to hear and decide cadastral cases only and in 1930 more than twice as many such cases were disposed of as during the previous year. Another important step in this direction was the passage of a bill authorizing judges of first instance to designate justices of the peace in provincial capitals to hear and determine non-contested cadastral cases. At the same time the Bureau of Lands made encouraging progress in re ducing the number of pending cases. 12 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 Comment on the Current Talkies By Beryl Hughes Reaching For the Moon. Douglas Fair banks, gay, debonaire, and dashing as usual makes a new picture, this time in modern dress, that is a whirlwind from start to finish. As a modern Wall street wizard, he is so busy playing bulls and bears with the other pirates on that street of fortune, he has no time for romance. In fact he is afraid of women. And then he meets a blonde, big business men are supposed to prefer them, and falls. She has ideas on how she shall be wooed and won. A trip to Europe leaving the market on the brink of ruin; back again minus his fortune, with the lady still unattainable. It all ends however with shoes and rice at the church door. Coming to the Lyric. The Guardsman. One of the wittiest, worldly comedies ever to come to the screen. Alfred Lunt and Lynn Fontanne, idols of Broadway and the Theatre Guild, bring their genius to the talkies in a story of a man tormented by sus picion of his wife and who masquerades as a soldier to test her fidelity. He wins her love and then accuses her of infidelitv. It, is her turn and she con fesses she knew all along who he was. We don’t know, but the expression in her eyes and the smile on her lips almost makes us think otherwise. The climax of this picture is superb and Miss Fontanne makes it worth while holding your breath for. Coming to the Ideal. Bad Girl is another prize picture and will be shown at the new FoxMetropolitan. A tender, moving story of young love in New York city. Life with capital letters, plain and unadorned by the frills of Park avenue apartments, Paris clothes and special built motor cars. If anyone believes there is no drama in the lives of those who ride in subways and do their own marketing, he has not tried living in a hall bedroom. Sally Eilers does the best acting of her career and James Dunn lends excellent support. Worth seeing. City Lights at the Lyric. Not a a talkie, Chaplin does not think they are his medium. He does not need to speak, his masterful pantomime speaks volumes. His humor, so near to tears, the pathetic figure, symbolic of the hopes and dreams of all humanity, it is all here. It is not all whimsical. The prize fight scenes and the ones in the home of the rich friend are priceless. See it by all means. The Seas Beneath at the Fox. A rapidfire picture in which George O’Brien gives one of the best performances of his career. It is more serious and restraired and with less swaggering and exhibitions of physical prowess than is usual in an O’Brien picture. The star is the skipper of a mystery ship sent out to find and sink the enemy subma rines. There is a lovely German spy in the person of Marion Lessing to complicate the romance part, but action is the theme of this picture. The photo graphy and direction are excellent. Sideivalks of Neiv York at the Ideal. If Buster Keaton’s bones are not made of rubber we wonder why he is not in a plaster cast most of the time. The beatings he takes in this one make us wonder how it is done. Keaton is a lazy philantropist who has ideas about improving the social conditions of the youngsters who for want of something better to do are wrecking his tenement property. They can’t sec it his way and the trouble he has getting them to use the gymnasium he has had built for them almost makes a physical wreck of him. Transatlantic, at the Fox-Metropol itan, is a mystery picture in which all the action takes place on board ship. Edmund Lowe as Greer, wanted on the American shore as a witness in a gam bling scandal, finds that things are not all they should be on board. There is thievery, murder and skulduggery of the worst sort. Put into the brig as a suspect, he escapes, finds the stolen securities, turns in the man who did the killing, patches up a romance about to go on the rocks and has time left over to fall in love himself. Jean Ilersholt, Lois Moran, Myrna Loy and John Halliday lend Mr. Lowe the most capable assistance. Phantom of Paris at the Ideal. John Gilbert has discarded his role as the great lover and is proving himself a capable actor. It has been an uphill climb for Gilbert since the advent of the talkies but with good stories he should regain his old place. This plot is a good one. Gilbert as a Parisian Hou dini is unjustly sent to prison for murder. The guilty man marries the girl loved by them both. Cheri-Bibi escapes, and with his face made over to perfectly resemble that of the real murderer he kidnaps him and takes his place in society and as the husband of the girl he loves. The first part of the picture is the best, the ending is a bit weak, but Gilbert fans will hail it with delight. Dirigible at the Fox-Metropolitan. Jack Holt and Ralph Graves have been up in the air in Flight, under the seas in Submarine and in many co-starring adventures on the good old earth since Columbia decided to make a team of them. In this new pictures they combine all three in a sort of combination story of Byrd’s flight to the South Pole and good old fashion romance of two good friends, tried and true, in love with the same girl. Action, plenty of it, an absorbingly interesting story and some excellent acting make Dirigible an enter taining picture. Susan Lennox, Iler Rise and Fall at the Ideal. It takes all the genius and artistry of a Garbo to make this sombre, morbid picture good enter tainment. Greta Garbo does it and her performance as Susan Lennox lifts the picture out of its dreary depths to rare heights of beauty. The theme is an old one; can a woman who has been the mistress of several men regain the affection of the first man she gave herself to after years have elapsed? Clark Gable supports Greta Garbo and what a team it is. GORDON DRY GIN The heart of a good cocktail be sure you get Gordon at your club...... ROBERTSON Scotch Whisky for GOOD HIGHBALLS Kuenzle & Streiff IMPORTERS 343 T. Pinpin Tel. 2-39-36 Manila, P. I. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December. 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 13 SCENES FROM COMING SHOWS Manila theatre goers have some four-star pictures to look forward to during the months of December and January. Just to prove it, here are some scenes from the best ones. Upper row:—Sally Eilers and James Dunn in Bad Girl will be the first picture shown at the new Fox Metropolitan. Vina Delmar made a name for herself with this book a few years ago and the movie is said to be even better. Next: Buster Keaton, Anita Page and Cliff Edwards in Sidewalks of New York at the Ideal. If comedy is your forte, this will just suit you. The dejected gent on the end is Charlie Chaplin in City Lights,. For once the general public and the critics agree that this is a wonderful picture; a masterpiece in the art of pantomime. See it by all means at the Lyric. Second row:—Intrigue, romance and sinister evil on the high seas; Edmund Lowe, Lois Moran and Jean Hersholt in Trans diantic, a mystery play in which all the action takes place on a palatial liner bound for Europe. Coming to the Fox Metropolitan. Next is Douglas Fairbanks and Bebc Daniels in Beaching for the Moon coming to the Lyric. There is never a dull moment in a Fairbanks’ picture and this is a good one. Third row:—John Gilbert, Lila Ilyams and Lewis Stone in Phantom of Paris at the Ideal. This picture was originally entitled Cheri-Bibi and you no doubt have heard about it before. No longer the great lover of the silents, John Gilbert proves himself an able actor in this talkie. Next: Ah, this is a picture worth shout ing about; Lynn Fontanne and Alfred Lunt in The Guardsman. It couldn’t be better, and we advise you to see it at the Ideal. Charlie Chaplin again in City Lights. It is good enough to warrant two scenes in any review. Last row:—Jack Holt and Ralph Graves in Dirigible coming to the Fox Metropolitan. No matter what your age, high adventure and tales of unselfish friendship will always stir the blood. Next: George O'Brien and Marion Lessing in a scene from Seas Beneath showing at the Fox. A story of love and adventure on the submarine destroyers during the war. Douglas Fairbanks and his smile in Reaching for the Moon. Mr. H. G. Hornbostel will pay Pl.00 for February, 1927, issue of the American Chamber of Commerce Journal. Five copies wanted FOX METROPOLITAN NOW SHOWING The LYRIC offers you the utmost in mo tion pictures—as evidenced by the following list of superb Talking Productions to be exhibited soon City Lights CHARLIE CHAPLIN Reaching For The Moon DOUGLAS FAIRBANKS BEBE DANIELS THE BEST IN SOUND MOTION PICTURES IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 14 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 Davis’s Departing Speech (Continued front page 8) ance of graft. Upon an informed and intelligent electorate, capable and courageous enough to express its ideas freely, depends the future of a republican form of government. I like to think of the relationship between the United States and the Philippine Islands, not in terms of sovereignty, but as a partnership working together for a common cause—the welfare of the Filipino people. Particularly am I concerned with the welfare of those who most need our help, the poor and uninfluential, those most liable to oppression. I realize that the professional political phrase-makers will pull to pieces this idea of partnership, but it is the underlying sentiment and not legalistic hair-splitting which really counts. I, at any rate, shall continue to feel that in sympathetic partnership we have worked together, and that the results have advanced in some degree the welfare and happiness of the Filipino people. As an American, I am proud to look back upon the results accomplished by Americans and Filipinos working together during the past thirty years. Mistakes, many of them, have been made. But when we sum up the total, when we consider what has been accomplished in education, health, sanitation, public improvements, cultural development, industries de veloped, standards of living—all those things which go to make up the tangible and intangible progress of the people— we can feel a thrill of pride at the accomplishments, unequalled in similar situations in the history of the world. Let me enumerate just a few of these achievements. The population, partly through public health measures, has in creased from seven to nearly thirteen millions. The death rate has been lowered below that of any tropical country in the Far East, the mortality of infants under one year of age having been reduced more than fifty per cent. In 1931 we will spend eight per cent of our total expenditures for public health, while three of our neighbors spend an average of but two per cent. Insular receipts have increased from approximated P5,000,000 in 1909 to 1*61,000,000 in 1930; foreign trade from 1*27,000,000 to 1*512,000,000 during the same period. Adequate port facilities have been built. The mileage of first-class roads has been increased from 300 to over 4,000. A great net-work of educational institutions has been set up, from primary schools in remote barrios to the University of the Philippines in Manila. Nearly a tenth of the population is enrolled in the public schools. In 1931 we will spend twenty-eight per cent of our total expenditures for public education, as compared with less than six per cent by four of our neighbors. Peace, law and order obtain throughout the Islands. The culture, health and prosperity of the Filipino people and their standards of living have been advanced far beyond those of their neighbors. If this be tyranny, which it is not, then I would be proud to be called a tyrant. The credit belongs, not to Americans alone, not to Filipinos alone, but to both—working together as partners. Neither alone could have accomplished the full result. Both may proudly share the credit, as both should share the blame for mistakes which have been made. In this spirit of mutual endeavor, of community of interest, of sympathetic under standing, we should face the problems of the future as we did those of the past. If we face them with a mutual sympathetic understanding of each other’s point of view, I am confident that they can be solved. If we approach our problems with mutual suspicion, selfishness and lack of understanding, the solution will be doubly difficult. It frequently has been publicly stated by others that my administration has promoted that mutual understanding and good-will. If that is true, I believe this intangible achieve(Please turn to page 171 ATLANTIC GULF AND PACIFIC CO. OF MANILA ENGINEERS MANUFACTURERS CONTRACTORS 71-77 Muelle de la Industria MANILA, P. I. Always the First Order!! g>an dflfltsuel $ale Filsen Brewed by SAN MIGUEL BREWERY IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JO URN AL 15 AN UNCOMFORTABLE GIFT AND AN UNEASY VIRTUE Doubtless, this was due to the fact that it seemed to be almost purely a gamble with no scientific basis to work upon. However, it came in time to be realized that thefts were as widely distributed and even more numerous than fires, which already had shown themselves to be subject to the laws of average, and, at last, cour ageous companies ventured out into the un familiar sea. The real history of burglary insurance appears to have begun in London in the year 1865, with no American equivalent, until 1885. Still, it must be mentioned that four short-lived “robbery insurance companies'' are said to have been founded in England in 1729, and to have gone down in the panic following the collapse of the “South Sea Bubble.’’ Today, protection against thieves is growing rapidly and already has reached large propor tions. In 1926, a total of $13,696,198 was dis tributed in the payment of losses to policyholders. Prudent people are growing daily more disinclined to carry their own risks when security can be purchased and yet the present proportions of burglary insurance are but a fraction of what they are likely to be in another generation. Another phase of what may be called human nature insurance is furnished by that interesting development—surety and fidelity coverage. This insurance also has regard to foibles of character, but in a directly opposite way, for the burglar must be insured against while the sub ject of a bond must secure insurance upon himself for the protection of others. The principle of suretyship goes back beyond the dawn of history and ancient records are full of it. Joseph, that great underwriter of Egypt, already mentioned, required that his brother Benjamin be left behind as security that the rest of his family would return to the land lof the Nile. Surety bonds in pressed clay tablets have been found in the ruins of Mesopo tamia, dating back to a period many centuries earlier still and among the Proverbs of Solomon occurs the warning “He that is surety^ for a stranger shall smart for it.” Still, suretyship was furnished as a personal matter until the year 1720, when an English corporation was formed “to insure to all masters and mistresses whatever loss they shall sustain by theft from any servant that is ticketed and registered in this society.” Today, the guarantee of honesty and fidelitythrough bonds carrying an indemnity, and the further extensions of this form of protection into contract bonds, court bonds and depository bonds with their numerous subdivisions, has become a systematic business of great scope. Many forms of insecurity disappear before it as it extends. CHAPTER TWELVE The Hazard of Dependent Old Age Many of the hazards of life cannot be foretold in the case of the individual and can be provided against only by means of averaging the hap penings to a great number. Indeed, this is the essence of the principle of insurance, the distri bution of risk. But there is one condition about which there can be no doubt, if one lives long enouph to meet it—that is the slackening of the physical force and the dwindling of the pro ductive power which come with old age. Hu man life moves toward this condition as inevit ably as it moves toward death itself, and mil lions who have failed to make provision find themselves reduced to want in their failing years. The young person who meets with disaster can start again at the bottom of the ladder and make his way anew, but the old have no such recourse, their earning time has passed. This, then, is the supreme insecurity which must be guarded against and society's attempt to solve the problem by means of poorhouses is apt to be bitterly distasteful to those who are forced to seek their shelter. Today, a logical extension of the life insurance principle has reduced this insecurity for multi tudes, through providing endowments. It has come to be realized that if premiums are based upon an average length of life, as calculated from any given age, a small addition to the annual payment will make it possiole for the policy to mature during life as well as at deal h. Every one expects to save money, but the majority find it difficult to do so surrounded as they are by so many- attractive means of expenditure. Years slip l>y unheeded and the bank account fails to grow as expected. Then, as old age begins to loom, there is vast comfort in realizing During tests made recently in a Manila sawmill, “Toro” Band Saw had less frequently to be re-sharpened than other saws of a well known make. These tests prove that “Toro” Saws, being equal in price, are BETTER IN QUALITY. VIEGELMANN, SCHROEDER & CO., INC. 456-466 Dasmarifias P. O. Box 767 — Manila, P. I. — Tel. 2-26-64 WRITE FOR OUR NEW CATALOGUE that during all this time one has been forced to meet, the demand of a compulsory savings bank, his endowment insurance premium, anef now is approaching the time of receiving a substantial sum, created by his own foresight, with the assistance of the insurance company. Now lie need not become a dependent. That insecurity has been banished. But the principle has been extended still further. zX sum of money will create an income only through investment, and this is frequentlyan embarrassment to people in advanced life. Many sharpers prey upon those who receive insurance funds and it is not uncommon for one to obtain the benefit of his endowment and then proceed to lose it through the purchase of some glittering insecurity that promised large returns. This danger, as well, it has been found possible to insure against. A form of protection so wise that it is growing in popularity, provides not a lump sum, tint an annuity for a term of years or for life. In a similar way many policies, taken out IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 16 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 for the benefit of families in event of the death Oof the breadwinner, are made to pay the pro tection in the form of an annual income and Now he need not become a dependent. That insecurity has been banished thus to relieve the beneficiary from all worry of investment. (Please turn to page 19) THE MANILA HOTEL LEADING HOTEL IN THE ORIENT Designed and constructed to secure coolness, sanitation and comfort under tropic climatic conditions Provides every Western convenience combined with every Oriental luxury Finest Dance Orchestra in the Far East Management - HUBERT C. ANDERSON CORRECT USES OF WORDS maritime. Pronounced mar'i-tim, not mar'itime. The a is short as in pat. marjoram. Accented on the first syllable mar'jo-ram, not on the second. masculine. The vowel sound in the final syllable is short, mas'-ku-lin. matron. Pronounced ma'trun, not mat'run; matronal is mat'run-al, or ma'trun-al; and matronly is always ma'trun-ly. mausoleum. Accented on the third syllable mau-so-le'um, not the second. mayor. Properly pronounced may'or with two syllables. The pronunciation “mayr” is common. medicine. Pronounced in three syllables, med'isin; not two, med'sin. mercantile. Pronounced mer'kan-til, not nierkan-tcer. merely. Misused for simply. Merely means solely; “She sings merely to amuse herself". Simply means of itsclft, without regard to anything else; “Your story is simply amazing”, mesmerize. Some orthoepists pronounce this word’mes'mer-ize, but it is^ommonly mez'merize. middling. A common colloquialism for fairly, tolerably, as in “a middling good meal.” Middling is pot an adverb, and cannot be used for one. (Please turn to page 26) Here’s how to get Manilas! Genuine © List of Manila Long Filler Cigars in cellophane are obtain able in your city or nearby! Distribut ors fur nished upon re quest to— C. A. BOND A Monthly Pension is guaranteed your family until the youngest child is educated, then the Face Value of the Contract is paid your wife with out any deduction. This new contract does the work of sev eral insurance policies—but with the premium of one policy. It is the new Family Income Contract, exclusively with the INSULAR LIFE. C. S. SALMON General Agent P. O. Box 734, Manila V. SINGSON ENCARNACION J. McMICKING President Manager Insular Life Assurance Company, Limited (This Company makes Loans on improved Manila Real Estate) Philippine Tobacco Agenti 15 Williams Street, New York City Collector of Internal Revenue Manila, P. I. MANILAS made under sanitary conditions will satisfy your taste I (Health Bulletin No. 28) Rules and Regulationsfor the Sanitary Control of the Factories of Tobacco Products. “Section 15. Insanitary Acts.—No person engaged in the handling, preparation, processing, manufacture, or packing of tobacco product or supervising such employment, shall perform, cause, permit, or suffer to be permitted any insanitary act during such employment, nor shall any such person touch or contaminate any tobacco products with filthy hands or permit the same to be brought into contact with the tongue or lips, or use saliva, impure water, or other unwholesome substances as a moist ening agent;...”. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 17 Davis’s Departing Speech Continual jrom page 14)) ment overshadows all the material accomplishments of the administration. Mutual understanding implies mutual tolerance of the other’s view points, prejudices and opinions. It is difficult to attain understanding between individuals. How immeas urably more difficult it is to reach a mutual sympathetic understanding between peoples of such different history, traditions and psvchologv! Yet it is essential if we are to reach a sound, constructive, and fair solution of the infinitely complex problems which confront us. Wo are all working for a common end—the best interests of the Filipino people. Necessarily many differing opinions, honestlv held by sincere friends, will be expressed. No mathe matical formula, capable of exact demonstration, is possible. The development of a people and the inter-relationship be tween peoples, arc not capable of exact statement or proof. We can, however, listen with sympathetic tolerance to honest ideas honestly expressed, in order that the best possible solution may be reached. Intolerance, antagonism and illfeeling cannot benefit anyone, either now or in the future. I urge again mutual understanding, sympathetic discussion, and friendly tolerance of one another’s ideas. Neither the United States nor the Philippine Islands will gain by an attitude of antagonism. Both, and especially the Philippine Islands, will inevitably lose. With faith in each other’s fairness, with hope for a mutually advantageous solution, and with charity towards each other’s ideas, let us approach our complex problems as friends, well-wishers and partners. My official and personal contacts during these two and a half years have brought me friends of many races in all walks of life, whose friendship has made my stay here the happy memory that it will always be to me. Whether dining in the homes of the wealthy, or resting in a nipa hut, muddy and tired from shooting, or hiking for days unarmed through t UK# 'Permanent j Pleasure BOOKS FOR GIFTS The gift of a good book is always acceptable, and reflects credit upon both giver and receiver. It is a gift of reasonable price, yet highly valued. Send for our “Latest Book List” we will be pleased to mail you free of charge. Philippine Education Co., Inc. 101-103 Escolta — Manila the trackless jungle among the mis-callcd “wild people”, I have uniformly enjoyed warm-hearted courtesy, kindness” and hospitality. There is only one complaint I have to make—one omission which has hurt me deeply. That is, that I have not been elected the Honorary President of the Smiles Club. Regardless of whether or not I am able to return here, I can comprehend the feelings of the Roman gladiators, as they entered the arena which thev did not expect to leave alive, and paid their last respects to Caesar with the sonorous phrase, “Nos morituri, to salutamus.” “We, about to die, salute thee.” The poet patriot, Jose Rizal, facing a certain death, wrote with deep emotion: “Land I adore farewell, Thou land of the Southern Sun’s choosing.” Somewhat similar emotions stir me tonight as I am about to leave these lovely islands, green and fertile from alternate sun and rain, and especially at leaving the friends I have made here, who have been so kindly, courteous and hospitable to me and to my family. Whether as your Governor-General or only as your sincere friend and well-wisher, I hope to return. And when I do, it will not be as a stranger to a foreign land but as a friend revisiting many well-loved scenes. The thought of waving bamboo trees, of green rice fields, and even of the lowly carabao, will bring back countless memories of the many happy days I have spent here. With this thought in mind, the expression the French use at parting seems particularly fitting. So, rather than say Good bye, I shall say Au Rcvoir—until we meet again. But whether or not the Fates direct my return to the Philippines, I shall leave behind me a generous share of my affections, a sincere appreciation of many courtesies, and my earnest hope for your future welfare, prosperity and happiness. With all my heart., I thank this splendid representative gathering, and through the unseen radio audience, the whole Filipino people. COAL TAR PAINT Prevents Rust and Decay If your painting and repair costs on metal or wood structures have been high, let COAL TAR PAINT do some economizing for you. It is economical to buy, has great coverage, and ‘stays put’ without chipping or cracking. We are interested in your paint problem; drop us a line; perhaps we can help. Manila Gas Corporation MANILA, P. I. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE NiEanuN THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 18 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 Public Works Photo Building the road from San Jose, N. E.. to Santa Fe, N.. V,. over Baletc Pass U. S. Trade Over Philip pine Roads (Conliniud from page 7'i of possibly 700 miles. Well and good. But will not America notice, at least a little, the utility road in the Philippines that will soon traverse not one island merely but the whole archipelago, from north to south, a distance of 1,430 miles? For this trunk highway carrying Amer ican goods cheaply to thousands of towns and villages is under construction and far toward completion: more of it is already in active use than the whole length of Machado’s road in Cuba, an island smaller by 1,000 square miles than Luzon alone. It is more than a little resented in the Philippines that a pernicious propa ganda sponsored by a billion block o.r Cuba-invested New York capital has unfairly attacked the Philippines’ rela tions with the United States. Let Amer icans look into this question. They will sec there is a social and commercial plant here of the size of which they have never dreamed; the potentialities of which, given the fabric of fine roads already established and being built at the rate of more than 200 miles a year, there is no forecasting. Kasilag: “Con necting links are now being forged in a great north-to-south highway, from the very northernmost part of the island of Luzon to the southern tip of Mindanao, a distance of approximately 1,430 miles. Motor traffic will be able to traverse the islands in a direct north-south route with only two ferry points in the whole distance.” This event, fast approaching, will certainly double America’s trade in the Philippines if trade relations remain unchanged. It will more than double her automobile trade. Because the new roads bring the people’s products to market with a minimum of transporta tion cost charged against them, and bring American goods to the markets on similar terms for the people to buy. One of the illustrations shows the com pleted sections of the north-south high way, and the 2 points at which the sea will be crossed. NEWS while it is NEWS and 44 Features For Results MANILA DAILY BULLETIN READERS IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 19 AN UNCOMFORTABLE GIFT... (Continued from page 16) CHAPTER THIRTEEN Meeting Insecurity in Many Forms This is the Age of Democracy, say some, thinking in political terms; the Age of Machinery, say others, thinking industrially; the Age of Communication and the Age of Electricity, saj still others in turn. All of them are right from their respective points of view, but the reasons are quite as good for calling the present time the Age of Insurance. Few people in the general public realize the enormous proportions to which this business has grown, and the many forms of insecurity against which it is able to provide. Consider, therefore, what it means to say that, in America alone, the coverage of life insurance has reached a total of fSO,000,000,000 and that of fire and marine insurance and related side lines of $200,000,000,000. In the fields of casualty and surety companies the total coverage cannot be stated because of the somewhat different method of application but the total annual premiums exceed $915,000,000. This means that the American people are making a sincere attempt to provide themselves against life’s insecurities to an aggregate extent of hundreds of billions of dollars. The forms of coverage provided in response to definite demand are almost BROTHER, I STAND ALONE H. Gi.ynn-Ward The Townsman You whom the land has broken. Wearied your soul and bent With maladroit ease your manhood. Third Cabin. Leaving you sorry and spent. When at the great Re-dealing Fates are given anew, Pray that a sheltered leisure May be assigned to you; Fame and fortune, and servants To work for you all your years, Ease that a farmer knows not Whose only reward is tears. The Settler Brother, I ask of no man! Great is the peace of my soul, Splendid the joy life gave me, Worth all that I paid in toll: House I built with my sinews, Grain I grew with my hands. Zest for a fight worth winning, Verdure on new-cleared lands. Not for Ease would I forfeit The Freedom and Pride I own. I used the strength God gave mi*, Brother, I stand alone! bewildering in their variety. Besides those al ready mentioned they include protection against, various hazards associated with fire, such as in terruption of business, loss of profits, loss of leasehold, loss of rental, damage caused by leak age from sprinklers (another instance where the search for security has brought a new form of in security); the sundry forms of weather damage, such as insurance against lightning, windstorm, hail, drought, rain and flood; insurance against earthquake; against boiler explosion; against riot and civil commotion; against breakage of plate glass;fallingof elevators;property liability, met ing thereby damage caused to persons through FROM THE EMPRESS ALL YEAR ROUND AND SUMMER ROUND TRIP ORIENT • Want the thrill of speed and size? Leading the great white Empress fleet is the new Empress of Japan, 26,000 gross tons, 39,000 tons displacement, 23 knots speed... largest, fastest on Pacific. ACROSS THE PACIFIC IN 8 DAYS • Want every 1931 luxury?...with "talked-of” cuisine, “of-the-Orient” service? Take First Class. • Want lower cost? Go in the new ultra fine “Empress” Tourist Cabin. ON YOUR TRIP EUROPE GO ST. LAWRENCE SEAWAY • Shortest, most direct route ... via 1000-mile St. Lawrence Seaway. 2 days of gorgeous coast-lines, only 3 to 4 days open ocean. 3 to 5 sailings weekly from Montreal and Quebec by 13 huge liners. Every type accommodation. Direct to 9 British and Continental ports. Low 1931 rates. TRAVEL BY CANADIAN AUSTRALASIAN LINE between VANCOUVER-VICTORIA and Honolulu, Suva, New Zealand, Australia The White Empresses connect at Hono lulu with C. A. Line Ships Aorangi and Niagara WORLD’S GREATEST TRAVEL SYSTEM. defects in property of others; workmen's com pensation, a modern development of great extent, whereby the employer recognizes his responsibility to those who may be injured in his service; insurance against loss of baggage; of goods in storage or in transit; of registered mail; of the contents of safety deposit boxes and of so many other things that it is hard to think of an insurable form of hazard for which provision has not already been made by one or more companies. Partners insure each other for the benefit of the business; musicians insure their hands; ritten against even the pui/e REDUCED FARES 630.00 X 540.00 300.00 MANILA VICTORIA VANCOUVER AND RETURN CANADIAN-PACIFIC IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 20 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 SHIPPING REVIEW By H. M. CAVENDER General Agent, The Robert Dollar Company For lhe first time in many months there has been a decided improve ment in tone of all mar kets and some feeling of optimism prevails. Many well inf ormcd busi nessmen are of the opi nion that general con ditions are brighter and that there has been a very slow but steady improvement, which may be accelerated slightly as Spring ap proaches. The 1931, 1932 sugar season is somewhat late due to unseasonable heavy rains. Adverse weather conditions have made sugar interests revise their estimates of the crop. Some are of the opinion that the expected increased yield of about 10% has been nearly if not entirely wiped out, and that the crop will be about the same or slightly greater than last year's crop. November saw the first sizable lots of this season’s raw sugar move to the Atlantic coast. Raw sugar has not yet moved in any quantity to the Pacific coast, although there have been some fairly heavy shipments of refined sugar. It is reported that not more than 25% of the sugar crop has been sold forward, and as a result for ward space bookings have been somewhat slow. There has been a steady movement of general cargo including hemp and logs and lumber to China and Japan ports. Recent disturbances in these two countries do not seem to have effected the volume of the movement from the Philippines to any extent. On the Pacific coast berth conditions are on lhe pick up. During late October and early November there was a little flurry in logs with some brisk shipments. Copra shipments were regular, while hemp was very slow. While some improvement has been noted in the Atlantic section, it is not so pronounced as on the Pacific coast. December should see a big increase due to raw sugar movement. Cigars and tobacco have been moving in very good volume to both the Pacific and Atlan tic coast in anticipation of the holiday trade. Embroideries and miscellaneous goods have increased in volume for the same reason. Though coconut oil shipments to Atlantic and Pacific coasts are less than half of what they were in October, conditions are not truly reflected by statistics, as the position of several vessels, which were to have carried oil out of the islands during Novmber will not clear until December. A number of tanks of oil moved during the month for United Kingdom. While there have not been any very large shipments of desiccated coconut, this commo dity has moved with good regularity and in fairly satisfactory volume. The movement is pretty well divided between Pacific and Atlan tic coasts. During the month improvement on the Euro pean berth was quite marked. There was an encouraging pick up in hemp, shipments being larger and more frequent. Copra cake and copra meal moved in large quantities also, and there were some shipments of oil and logs and lumber. Indications arc the total tonnage moved on the regular lines will be considerably in excess of last month. During October, in addition to the shipments moving by regular lines in this service, a full cargo of copra went forward, throwing the totals up. There were no important rate changes during the month. From statistics compiled by the Associated Steamship Lines, there were exported during the month of October, 1931, from the Philip pines to— Passenger traffic during the past month has been quite brisk, particularly to the United States, many travellers choosing the past month in order to arrive home in time for the holiday season. The quotation of passenger fares in Pounds Sterling at present rates of exchange have vir tually reduced rates by 25 per cent, and should prove especially attractive to those going to Europe or to the United States via Suez. Third class and steerage business to the United States has decreased to practically nothing. The Hawaiian movement continues light, and with the unemployment reported in the Hawaiian Islands, there is little prospect of improvement. The following figures show the number of passengers departing from the Philippines during the month of November, 1931 (first figure rep resents first class, second figure intermediate classes, third figure steerage): China and Japan................ 88 Honolulu............................. 3 Pacific Coast....................... 84 112 *424 +329 11 37 China and Japan.......... Pacific Coast Local De livery........................... Pacific Coast Overland . . Pacific Coast Inter coastal ......................... Atlantic Coast................ European Ports............. Australian Ports............ Total...................... Tons 14,882 Misc. American Sailings Tons Saillings with 44 of which 3,422 carried in American Bottoms with 11 19,392 with 18 of which 15,999 carried in American Bottoms with 1,058 with 11 of which 561 carried in American Bottoms with 13 7 1,630 with 14 of which 899 carried in American Bottoms with 9 26,953 with 17 of which 20,966 carried in American Bottoms with 8 25,162 with 22 of which 6,754 carried in American Bottoms with 5 182 with 5 of which None carried in American Bottoms with No 89.259 with 75 of which 48,197 carried in American Bottoms with 20 THE YOKOHAMA SPECIE BANK --------- = LTD. - (ESTABLISHED 1880) HEAD OFFICE: YOKOHAMA, JAPAN Yen Capital (Paid Up) - - - - 100,000,000.00 Reserve Fund ... - 115,000,000.00 Undivided Profits - - - - 6,436,138.84 MANILA BRANCH 34 PLAZA CERVANTES, MANILA S. DAZAI Manager PHONE 2-37-59—MANAGER PHONE 2-37-55—Accountant, Remittance PHONE 2-37-58—Export, Import, Current Account, Cashier IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 21 Singapore and Straits Set tlements........................... 11 1 European Ports................. 9 9 Europe via America.......... S 2 America via Europe.......... 3 Australia.............................. Dutch East Indies.............(Not available be_____ fore going to press) ‘Includes SO Filipino laborers in transit to Honolulu. /-Includes SO Filipino laborers from Hongkong. Change of agency of the Tacoma & Oriental Steamship Company was recently announced. The Robert Dollar Company will now handle this agency vice the States Steamship Company. The agency of the American Pioneer Line has been transferred from L. Everett & Co. to the States Steamslup Company. Mr. C. Thwaitcs. Oriental Auditor of the Canadian Pacific Railways, was a recent Manila visitor on one of his regular inspection tours. Lord Gienapp, heir of the Earl of Inchcape who is the head of the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company, the British India Steam Navagation Company and subsidiary companies, arrived in Manila on the ss Nankin and departed for Hongkong on the same vessel. REVIEW OF THE HEMP MARKET By L. L. SPELLMAN International Harvester Company oj Philippine! This report covers the Manila hemp mar ket for the month of November with statis tics up to and including November 30, 1931. U. S. Graces: Early November saw a slight advance in prices as offers were being made in the U. S. at 5-7/8 cents for Davao F, 5 cents for 1 and 3-7/8 cents for JI, and by the € end of the first week, sellers were offering Davao F at 6 cents; G, 4 cents; I, 5-1/8 cents; S2, 4-7/8 cents; and S3, 3-3/4 cents. Other prov ince grades were offering at F, 5-7/8 cents; G, 3-3/4 cents; and JI, 3-7/8 cents; but lhe market was quiet as buyers did not show much interest. During the mid-month period prices rose to Davao F, 6-1/8 cents; G, 4 cents; II, 3-7/8 cents; I, 5-3/8 cents; Jl, 4-1 '4 cents; S2, 5-1/8 cents and S3, 4 cents. Other province housemarks were quoted at F, 6 cents; G, 3-3/4 cents; Jf, 4 cents; SI, 0 cents; S2, 5 cents; S3, 3-7/8 cents and J2, 3-3/4 cents. Sellers were anxious to do business at these prices and would probably have taken lower prices if buyers showed suf ficient interest. At the end of the third week, sellers were offering Davao F at 0-1/8 cents; I at 5-3/8 cents and Jl at 4-1/4 cents. Some sales were made of E ranging from 7-5/8 cents to 7-3/4 cents and I, 5-1/8 cents. At the end of November the market was quiet, quotations of sellers being as follows: Davao F, 6 cents; G, 4 cents; I, 5-1/4 cents; Jl, 4-1/4 cents; SI, 0 cents; S2, 5-1/8 cents; S3, 4 cents. Other province housemarks: F, 5-7/8 cents; G, 37/8 cents; I, 5-1/8 cents; Jl, 4 cents; SI, 0 cents; S2, 5 cents and S3, 3-7/8 cents. In Manila at. the beginning of November the market was firm at the following prices: E, 1’14.50; F, Pl 1.50; G, 1’6.25; II, P0.00; I, P9.50; Jl, P0.50; SI, 1’11.50; 82, P9.00 and S3, 1’6.50. There were very few sellers as dealers were anticipating better prices. Prices advanced just before the middle of the month to E, 1’15.00; F, 1’12.00; G, PG.50; II, 1’6.25; I, P9.75; Jl, 1’7.25; SI, P12.00; 82, P9.75 and S3, 1’7.25; and sellers retired expecting a further advance. By the middle of the month prices again advanced 25 cents per picul on practically all grades with exporters willing to pay higher prices than the market warranted. The market remained quiet but steady for a time and by the end of the month prices dropped back to E, P15.00; F, 1’11.75; G, 1’6.25; II, PG.00; I, P9.50; Jl, P7.00; SI, 1*11.75; 82, 1’9.50; S3, P7.00 and lhe market was still declining. U. K. Grades: The U. K. market in early November was firm principally due to the ab sence of sellers. Deliveries to consumers during October were 19,000 bales, stocks in importers hand on November 1 were 24,000 bales and bales afloat and including loadings on the same date were 64,000 bales. J2 was quoted at £21, K, £19/15; LI, £18'15; L2. £17; Ml, £18/10: M2, £16; DL, £15/10; DM, £14/10; Davao J2, £21; K, £20/10; LI, £19 and Ml, £19. Up to the middle of the month the market was quiet but firm owing to the scarcity of offers. There was some demand for distant shipment, but early shipment was slow of sale in view of there being a three months supply already afloat or on spot in Europe. Quotations for the early second half of November were J2, £21; K, £20; LI, £19; L2, £17; Ml, £18/15; M2, £16/5; DL, £16; DM, £15. These quotations represented sellers’ rather than buyers’ ideas. The general tone of the market was of a downward tendency. The latter part of the month showed a quiet market with consumers buying very little. The local market saw some artificial boosting of prices most likely caused by speculators in London, but consumers steadfastly refused to follow. The month ended with the market quiet and prices similar to those quoted for the early part of the second half of the month, but in the meantime the exchange had fallen off about 80 cents to the pound sterling. The exchange during November was very erratic and dropped off considerably. The market in Manila at the early part of the month was firm, nominal quotations being J2, P6.25; K, P6.00; LI, P5.25; L2, P4.75; Ml, P5.25; M2, 1’4.25: DL, P4.25 and DM, P4.00. Sellers retired and were holding off for better prices, and receipts dropped considerably below the estimated quantity. Dealers continue to be disinterested in transacting business until around the middle of the month when fancy prices were being offered for certain parcels. Mid-month quotations were J2, 1’6.75; K, 1*6.50; LI, 1’5.75; L2, 1’5.00; Ml, 1’5.75; M2, 1’4.75; DL, 1’4.75; DM, 1’4.00; the market being steady, but not much business being done. Prices fell off slightly toward the end of the THE PRESIDENT LINER FLEET FINEST_____________ •_____________NEWEST_____________2___________LARGEST AMERICAN MAIL LINE 19 DAYS TO SEATTLE Fastest Time from Manila via China, Japan and Victoria Pres. Cleveland - Dec. 24 Pres. Taft - - - Jan. 7 Pres. Jefferson - Jan. 21 Pres. Madison - Feb. 3 Pres. Cleveland - Feb. 17 Pres. Taft - - - March 2 Pres. Jefferson - March 16 Pres. Madison - March 30 Pres. Cleveland - April 13 DOLLAR STEAMSHIP LINES EAST OR WEST TO NEW YORK Via China-Japan, Honolulu San Francisco Panama Canal Pres. Wilson - - Dec. 19 Pres. Hoover - - Jan. 2 Pres. Jackson - Jan. 16 Pres. McKinley - Jan. 30 Pres. Grant — - Feb. 13 Pres. Lincoln - - Feb. 27 Pres. Coolidge - March 12 Pres. Wilson - March 26 Via Suez Canal and Europe Pres. Harrison - Dec. 16 Pres. Hayes- - - Dec. 30 Pres. Pierce - - Jan. 13 Pres. Monroe - - Jan. 22 Pres. Van Buren - Feb. 10 Pres. Garfield - - Feb. 24 Pres. Polk - - - March 9 Pres. Adams - March 23 Pres. Harrison - April 6 PHILIPPINE INTER-ISLAND STEAMSHIP CO. SUPERIOR INTER-ISLAND SERVICE S. S. “MAYON” Sails Wednesdays from MANILA TO ILOILO ZAMBOANGA CEBU TO CEBU ZAMBOANG A ILOILO Dec. 16 Dec. 23 Dec. 30 Jan. 6 Jan. 13 Jan. 20 Jan. 27 Feb. 3 Feb. 10 Feb. 17 FOR BOOKINGS AND INFORMATION APPLY TO: THE ROBERT DOLLAR COMPANY General Agents Robert Dollar Bldg., Port Area — MANILA — 24 Calle David Telephone 2-24-41 TN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 22 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 month and nominal quotations were .12, 1*6.50; K, 1’6.00; LI, 1*5.50; 1/2. 1’4.75; Ml. 1’5.50; "M2. 1*4.25; DL. 1’1.25 ami DM. 1’3.75. Japan: During; the month of November business with this market was somewhat better especially (luting the first half of the month. Toward the end of the month, business fell off and very few purchases were made, there still being a fair quantity of stocks in Japan. Maguey: Very little movement was made of this fiber principally on account of the keen competition of other fibers. Productiox: Production during the month of November were as follows: For week ending the 9th, 14,000 bales; this was 3,000 bales short of the estimated quantity; for the week ending the 16th, 15,000 bales; for the week ending the 23rd, IS,000 bales—this quantity was 5,000 bales below the estimated quantity; for the week ending November 30th, 21,000 bales which was 4,000 bales above the quantity esti mated. It was noted in a local periodical that an an nouncement appeared that a five-mouth recess in sisal growing had been planned. This an nouncement was dated Merida, Yucatan, Nov. 19 and was as follows: "The Yucatan state congress today ordered a five months’ stoppage of sisal growing in an effort to improve sisal prices, which have been at a low mark for a long time. The congress took its cue from American cotton growing states and efforts of other groups to limit production as a means of reducing surplus stocks.’’ , Freight Rates: The Philippine-Europe Conference notified shippers on November 6 that the freight rate on hemp would be increased bv 10% over the base rates on April 1, 1932. They also advised that an increase of 20% would be made on additional rates for transshipment cargo. Statistics: The figures below are for the period ending November 30th, 1931: OXYGEN Compressed Oxygen 99.5% pure HYDROGEN Compressed Hydrogen 99.8% pure ACETYLENE Dissolved Acetylene for all purposes WELDING Fully Equip ped Oxy-Acetylene Weld ing Shops. BATTERIES Prest-O Lite Electric Stor age Batteries Philippine Acetylene Co. 281 CALLE CRISTOBAL, PACO MANILA, P. I. Manila Hemp On January 1st.............. Receipts to date............. Shipments to— U. K............................. Continent..................... U. S............................... Japan............................ Elsewhere..................... 1.931 Bs. 112,802 988,94 1 1930 Bs. 195,035 1.202,198 1,101,746 1,397,233 280,274 146,630 213,952 311,540 28,213 285,898 181,599 456,004 270,430 42,989 980,609 1,236,920 TOBACCO |REVIEW By P. A. Meyer Alhambra Cigar and Cigarette Manufacturing Co. Rawleaf: The purchase of the 1931 crop in the Cagayan valley has been prac tically concluded dur ing November. Ma nila export shipment s, especially to Euro pean Regies, showed considerable activity the past, month. At the beginning of De cember large orders for Japan were plac ed. Comparative figures for November exports follow: Rawleaf, Strip ped Tobacco and ^Kilos’ Australia....... 763 Austria . 828,917 China................ 25,930 Czechoslovakia 281,658 France....... 105 Germany........................ . 584 Japan............................. 139,000 North Africa.............. '.................... 43,803 North Atlantic (Europe).............. 1,429 Spain............................................ 3,551,134 Straits Settlements......................... 1,727 Tonkin............................................. 53 United States................................. 110,357 4,985,460 January-November, 1931 .............. 20,107,384 January-November, 1930.............. 17,518,389 Cigars: The quantity exported to the United States shows some improvement over the corresponding 1930 period. Comparative figures are as follows: Cigars November, 1931............................. 15,096,931 January-November, 1931 ................ 151,669,551 January-November, 1930................ 142,080,043 Recommended By Leading Doctors Drink It for Your Health’s Sake TEL. 5-73-06 Nature's Best Mineral Water REVIEW OF THE EXCHANGE MARKET By Richard E. Shaw Manager, National City Bank The market has been featureless with U.S.S '1'. '1'. selling rates firmly maintained at 1% pre mium while buying rates have held steady at 3/4% premium for November-December deliveries. Very few ex port bills have been offering and cover for U.S.S sales has been somewhat difficult to obtain. No signs of weakness for tbe im mediate future were evident at the close. The following purchases of U.S.S T.T. have been made from the Insular Treasurer since our last report: Week ending— October 10th............................... U.S.$ 75,000 October 17 th........... 300,000 October 24th............................... 225,000 October 31st............................... 100,000 November 7th........... Nil November 14th...........................U.S.S 300,000 November 21st........................... Nil The wide fluctuations in the New York-London cross-rate have made Sterling operations ex ceedingly difficult of negotiation. Quoted rates have been more or less nominal as the markei has been very hard to gauge. On the last day of October the New YorkLondon cross-rate closed at 3.85, was high al 3.83 for November on the first day of that month, dropped suddenly to 3.71-1/2 on November 2nd, rallied somewhat and then eased off until the final quotation for the month was 3.55. London Bar Silver was quoted at 17-13/16 ready and 17-13/16 forward on October 31st. Sharp fluctuations in the white metal took place during the month, the low point registered being 18 ready and 17-15/16 forward on November 17th, while the peak quotation was reached on November 16th when rates stood at 21-9/16 and 21-3/8. The closing rates on November 281 h, the last business day of the month were 19-1/8 ready and 19-5 16 forward. In New York, Bar Silver stood at 30-5/8 on October 31st, firmed to a high of 37-1/4 on November Uth, and was low at 29-3/4 on November 19th, 24th and 27th. Telegraphic transfers on other points were quoted as follows on November 28th: Paris.....................................12.45 Madrid.................................86-3/4 Singapore.............................Par Japan.................................... 100-1/2 Shangha’................................144-1/2 Hongkong............................. 53-3/4 India......................................Nominal Java...................................... 121-3/4 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 23 NOVEMBER SUGAR REVIEW By Geo. H. Fairchild New Yoke Mauket: The depression in the American sugar market which developed in the hitter half of tlie previous inont h was increascdduring the month under re view. While the market, was firm during the first few days of the month with small salcsof prompt shipmenl Cubas to refi ners being effected at 1.42 cents e. and f. and small parcels of Porto Ricos in the same position negotiated at 3.42 cents 1. t., it became quite and uninteresting thereafter with prices declining to 1.35 cents c. and f. for prompt shipment Cubas. Despite the publication on the 20th of Willett and Gray's estimate showing a Cuban crop next year of 3,000,000 tons and that the world's sugar pro duction would be 2.730,000 tons under the pre vious vear. the market became further depressed. On the 23rd small sales of Porto Rican sugar to refiners were reported at 3.30 cents l.t. During the last week of the month, the sugar market became demoralized, and prices further declined with sales of prompt shipment Porto Ricos reported on the 30th at 3.21 cents l.t. The downward trend of the present sugar market, notwithstanding the apparent favorable aspects of the coming crop is attributed to the fear of a carry over of a million tons of sugar in the American market. With the enforcement of the Chadbourne Agreement it is expected that in the next year, production in the signatory countries will be much less than those for the previous year. However, the large carry over stated above and the unprecedentedly large stocks which have accumulated in some of the signatory countries, particularly in Java, as the following figures compiled by B. W. Dyer & Co. in their circular for Nov. 4, 1931, show, make the prospects for the near future uncer tain. Com/>'</■ /.wo Javan stocks April 1st. 691,000 289,000 +105,000 Production........................2,838,000 2.923.000 - 85.000 Total Available. . 3.532,000 3,212.000 +320,000 Annual Consumption. 410,000 410,000 Even Available for Export, . 3,122,000 2,802,000 +320,000 Exports April to Sep tember...................... 65G.000 933,000 - 277,000 Stocks Octodeii 1st 2.166.000 1,869,000 +597,000 The excessive carry over in Java is the result, of the increase of approximately 30 per cent in the 1930-31 sugar production in India. Since India is one of the principal markets for Javan sugar, this increase in its sugar production tends to decrease correspondingly lhe importa tion of India from Java. The opposition of the Cuban sugar planters to the enforcement of the restriction under the Chadbourne Agreement may have contributed to the depression in the American sugar market. Moreover, the refined sugai situation is far from satisfactory judged by reports received to the effect that granulated sugars from the U. K., France, Russia and Germany were being offered in the United States at 4.30 cents as CHARTERED BANK OF ina7d’gahuintarali Capital and Reserve Fund...............................................£7,000,000 . Reserve Liability of Proprietor..................................... 3,000,000 MANILA BRANCH established 1872 SUB-BRANCHES AT CEBU. ILOILO AND ZAMBOANGA Every description of banking business transacted. Branches in every important town throughout India, China, Japan, Java, Straits Settlements, Federated Malay States, French Indo-China, Siam, and Borneo; also in New York. Head Office: 38 Bishopsgate, London, E. C. W. U. A. Whyte, Manager. compared with 4.50 ccnls for refined sugar in the United States. Another factor'which might have had a psychological effect upon the sugar market was the universal pessimism reflected in the stoock market due to the unfavorable financial conditions in European countries. The report that the coming crop of l’orto Rico is estimated at 893,000 tons as compared with 699,252 tons Iasi year, an increase of approx imately 200,000 Ions, is bearish. However, this is counteracted by another report to the effect that the beet, sugar production in the Uniled States is estimated at <898,000 tons by a reliable sugar firm in New York and al 865,000 tons by lhe Department of Agriculture. The actual production for last vear was 1,075,688 tons, a decrease of from 177,000 Ions to 210,000 tons. Futures: On the Exchange, quotations for futures have fluctuated as follows: Iliuh Low Latest December............................. 1.33 1.08 1.09 January................................ 1.31 1.07 1.08 March................................... 1.31 1.08 1.08 May...................................... 1.35 1.13 1.13 July...................................... 1.40 1.20 1.20 September........................... 1.44 1.26 1.26 Il is to be noted 1 hat quotations for near and distant deliveries have shown wide variations during the month. Quotations for near posi tions have declined from 23 to 25 points while those for distant positions showed a decline of from 18 to 22 points. Philippine Sales: Sales of Philippine sugar during the month of November in the Atlantic Goast amounted to 21,000 tons at prices ranging from 3.22 to 3.36 cents 1. 1. A resale of 2,000 tons was made a’t 3.38 cents 1. t. Stocks: The lalest figures of world's slocks were 4,670,000 tons as compared with 3,943,000 tons at the same time in 1930 and 2,885,000 tons in 1929. Local Market: The local market for cen trifugal sugar was quite throughout the month, only minor transactions being reported. Quo tations for export varied from 1’7.85 to 1’7.65 per picul. ('rop Prospects: It is as yet too early to estimate within a reasonable degree of accuracy the volume of the crop now being harvested. Reports received from the various sugar dis tricts, however, indicate that due to the heavy and unseasonable rains which have fallen in Negros during the past few weeks, the average recoveries are much lower than they were last year. The continuous rains in Negros on the other hand may have the same effect as in 1925 when heavier tonnages of cane were harvested for the current crop with a serious reduction of the following crop due to the rains handicapping planting operations. On Luzon the prospects appear to be favorable with indications that lhe crop now being har vested will be normal, with the continuance of favorable weather until the end of the milling season. The recent milling reports received from the various Centrals reported to the Association show that to date about 125,000 tons of sugar have been bagged but approximately from 15 to 20 per cent more cane was necessary to produce this sugar than last season. Philippine Exports: Export statistics for the month of November, 1931, as reported to us showed that 31,547 metric tons of centrifugals and 1,780 metric Ions of refined were exported during the month. Exports of these two grades of sugar for the first month of the current crop year 1931-32 are as follows: Metric Tons Centrifugals............................................. 31.547 Refined.................................................... 1.780 Tor a i.............................. 33.32/ This ParkeDavis ger micidal soap is a wise pre caution against skin infections of all kinds. dirtier pour i^olibap liquor note. tEfje beeit Ofjiafep te altoaptf— WHYTE & MACKAY Scotch Whisky Sold Everywhere Smith, Bell & Co., Ltd. IMPORTERS IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 24 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 REAL ESTATE By P. D. Carman San Juan Heights Addition The November sales total was one of the lowest during the last four years. But, not withstanding this set back, Manila Real Es tate sales in 1931 have been better than in several recent years: Jan uary-November inclusive 1931........... Pl 7,768,492 1930........... 16,007,362 1929........... 17,055,339 1928........... 15,614,222 May-C Sta. Cruz......................... Sampaloc.......................... Tondo............................... Binondo........................... San Nicolas..................... Ermita.............................. Malate.............................. Paco................................. Intramuros....................... San Miguel...................... Santa Mesa..................... Quiapo............................. Santa Ana....................... Pandacan......................... Sales City o/ Manila ctober inclusive November 1931 1931 1,476,181 127,297 906,705 70,604 578,246 77,404 352,588 10,000 1,027,703 216,400 375,772 40,235 798,504 44,045 1,069,811 43,800 72.857 29,000 283,936 29,000 163,014 29,046 309,342 12,882 24,948 1,200 7,468,607 701,913 lhe CAMERON *ND RAZOR EIcctro-Maion Razor has taken the pull e and has put a smile on every user's face. The Electro-Maton Razor outfit consists of the Razor with Straight Head. Ftvc Razor Blades, and Connecting Cord in a bakelite box with removable metal trav-stand; Trice ?222 The Electro-Matonette is the ideal combination, consisting of the Electro-Maton Razor with Straight Head for shaving, the Curved Head specially designed forshavingunderthearms. Hard and Soft Face Vibrators, Scalp Vibrator, Gum Massage Vibra tor, Bristle Tooth Brush Vibra tor, Cuticle Vibrator and Finger-Nail Vibrator, to gether with Five Razor Blades and Connecting Cord in a bakelite box, with removable bakelite trayAll Metal Parts of the Electro-Maton are Solid Dirigold Philippine American Drug Company 95 ESCOLTA BOTICA BOIE THE RICE INDUSTRY By Percy A. Hill o/ Munoz, Nuevo Ecijo Director, Rice Producer’s Association Prices of old-crop palav (unhullcd rice) range from Pl.95 to P2.00 per cavan, with Pl.70 offered for new palay of the early crop. Rice of the regular grades ranges from 1*4.50 to 1*4.85 per sack, and lux ury rice from 1*5.10 to 1*5.25, with a tendency downward, though the yield of early varieties is very low this year. Excepting the earlier va rieties, off about 20% to possibly 25%, the preli minary estimates of the rice crop of the 5 prov inces of the Luzon central plain indicate a fair yield. The short yield of early varieties is in part due to the typhoon of November 9 to 11. However, what was lost in the early varieties will be made up in later varieties, which benefited from the typhoon rains—as did the areas affected by disease. Pollenization condi tions are excellent, to date. The crop over the central plain as a whole has not stooled as well as ordinarily, but the total yield is expected to be about equal to last year’s; in spite of the fact that planting was reduced this year by more than 40,000 hectares. Early yields will be very low, late yields very good. The carry-over in farmers’ granaries alone is estimated at 400,000 cavans as of December 15. The entire supply including the carry over will be slightly below last year’s, but prob ably ample for the islands' requirements—neces sitating little if any importing. Indoasia still has a large surplus, Saigon’s is estimated at 12% of the total export supply at the present writing. The Japanese crop is officially stated to be 18% below that of 1930. Saigon rice landed duty-paid in Manila is P5.80 per sack. This is about 1 peso per sack above the market for Philippine rice. Poverty in the riceybuying provinces will cause the demand to be quiet, if steady, it is expected. Rice substitutes are being planted in those prov inces, corn and tubers. The estimated area planted to rice this year in the 5 provinces of the central plain is 582,000 hectares; the annual requirement is 9,400,000 cavans of palay. The rice tariff bill coursed through the house and senate of the local legislature, was approved by the governor general and forwarded to Pres ident Hoover for his approval. This raises the tariff on imported rice from Pl.72 per sack to 1*2.85, and the tariff on palay from P0.87 per cavan to Pl.42 per cavan, based on a rate of 1*5.00 charged against each 100 kilos of im ported rice. This is protection to rice to about 70% of its present value. It is a sort of offset to the prefercntials enjoyed by the export crop producers, who are domestic crop consumers. Sugar, for example, enjoys a preferential that amounts to more than 200% of the world market price today. Governor Davis’s comment in reference to the effects of the increased rice tariff are in line with the writer’s: “Increased rates in 1911 (1909) and 1922— from P2.60 to P3.00 per 100 kilos—stimulated local production and decreased average imports from 25% to less than 3% of the total consumed. The fear has been expressed that the new higher rate may overstimulate the rice industry to the point of producing an unmarketable surplus, which would tend to lower the domestic price. ” The new rate does not go into effect until 1933, and there is an elastic clause permitting the governor to reduce the duty if hardship to consumers prevails and conditions warrant. This safeguard allowed the bill to be signed. Coming back to the fundamentals, we have seen this year that the tariff had little effect on domestic rice prices. Nearly all the time since January domestic prices have been a peso below the price of imported rice. This might not be so if a very short crop was harvested, but the danger lies in increased production which will reduce prices to little more than a peso per cavan of palay; and thus the tariff increase will become a boomerang. In times of depression staple food crops and substitutes for staple foods are always produced in increased quantities, slowing down interprovincial demand in the face of curtailed buying power. LUMBER REVIEW By Arthur F. Fischer Director of Forestry During September, 1931, the lumber and t i mber export s increased 46.5% as compared with the corresponding month last year. There were 6,668,672 board feet of lumber and tim ber with customsdeclared value of 1*321,352.00 exported during the month under review as against 4,549,520 board feet with customsdeclared value of 1*347,369.00 shipped during September of last year. The mill production was 15,439,912 board feet while the production for the corresponding month last year was only 13,990,978 board feet, or an increase of 10.3%. Despite this increase in production, the total lumber inventory at the mills during the month under review was only 29,269,146 board feet as compared with 47,261,557 board feet, inventory at the end of September, 1930, or a decrease of 38%. On the face of it, this comparatively smaller lumber in ventory is an encouraging sign as to movement of lumber but in reality it does not show im provement in the lumber situation. Of late it has been noted that lumber producers have IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 25 been disposing of their lower grades in Manila and other principal distributing centers at de moralizingly low prices. The largest shipment during the month went to Japan. Actually there were 3.277,096 board feet—mostly logs—exported to that country as against .426.120 board feet shipped during September of last year, or an increase of 66.9%. Shipments Io the United States declined 41.6% as compared with September of last year. This, it is believed, was due to the fact that last year considerable lumber found its way into that country as distressed stocks. Prospects in the lumber trade with the United States are generally considered better now than they have ever been for some time. An idea of the Philippine lumber situation in that country may be had from the following statements recently received by this Bureau. “The lumber business, on the whole, has been in extremely bad condition for the past, two years. There has been, however, a decided improvement in Philippine within the last sixty days. Prices are considerably firmer and have advanced somewhat on low grades. Upper grade prices are firmer than they have been although there has been no advance.’’ Despite the depreciation of the sterling exchange, exports to Great Britain registered an increase of 94.6% as compared with September of last year. It is anticipated, however, that the effect of this depreciation will show its effect in later exhorts. The adoption of a general tarifT. which is being considered in that country, might have serious effect on Philippine lumber exports, if realized. The present Sino-Japanese trouble in Manchuria can not but affect China’s trade adversely and later possibly Japan s. Several large building and railway projects in China have been post poned owing to military disturbances and shortage of funds. The depreciation of the sterling had also some adverse effect on South China trade. In spite of these adverse condi tions, however, lumber and timber shipments to China during the month under review increased 32.7% as compared with September, 1930. Thus from the foregoing, it may be seen that the lumber industry fared comparatively well during the month asfar as the export trade is con cerned. But in view of recent developments in the lumber markets abroad and the recent increased activities of several mills, it might not be amiss to call attention again to lhe necessity of limiting production to the minimum which financial exigencies will permit until a proper balance between supply and demand is reached. The following statements show the lumber and timber exports, by countries, and mill production and lumber inventory for the month of Sep tember, 1931, as compared with the correspond ing month the previous year. Lumber and Timber Export for September 1931 Destination --------------------- ------Board Feet Value Japan ............................... United States................. China............................... Great Britain.................. Australia....... British Africa................. Canada............................ German v.......................... Hawaii.'..................... Hongkong......................... Other B. East Indies. ' Spain................................ Totai........................ Japan ............................... United States................. China............................... Great Britain.................. Australia........................... British Africa................. Canada............................. Germany.......................... Hawaii............................. 3,277,096 1’ 77.581 ,316,944 102,331 ,176,176 63,146 841.216 75,803 24,592 1,238 16,536 621 15.261 584 848 20 426,120 1* 14,205 2,258,648 192.424 886,160 39,937 432,056 38,724 11,448 578 63,176 6,848 58,088 4,728 5,936 1,036 Hongkong......................... Guam............................... Other B. East Indies. . . Spain................................. 398,984 5,512 2,968 421 Total....................... 4,549,520 1*347,369 For 43 mills for the month of September Lumber Deliveries from Month Mills 1931 1930 September.................... 13,400,002 17,150,339 Lumber Inventory 1931 1930 September.................... 29,269,146 47,261,557 Mill Production 1931 1930 September.................... 15,139,912 13,990,978 Note: Board Feet should be used. AN UNCOMFORTABLE GIFT... (Continued from page If)) hazard of marriage itself. An important recent, development has been that of protecting manj people in combination, by means of what is called “group insurance.’’ This applies partic ularly to the employes of large organizations, in some of which thousands of individuals are protected in a single policy. At the present time, whole sections of the larger cities are given over to the business of insurance, and from these sections there stretch out invisible lines, which virtually tie together the entire population and the total property values of the. country in a network of systematic, scientific cooperation, which has come to be one of the most important social factors of modern life. Thus the Age of Insurance as a title is as much justified for the present time as is any other designation. End Newest and Finest sleeping cars—box-spring beds —private rooms en suita—barber and valet—large ladies'lounge-card rooms—shower baths—radio buffet soda fountain—library and writing facilities —lounge, with davenports and overstaffed chairs —roomy observation platform —roller bearings and the "famously good" Northern Pacific meals. Only Two Business Days Seattle to Chicago NO EXTRA FARE A Northern Pacific Railway representative meets all steamships from the Orient at Victoria, Vancouver and Seattle. He will gladly assist you with baggage and make sleeping car reser vations to all points in the United States. C L TOWNSEND. AtH. Gmtnl Passenger t 300 Smith Tower, Seattle, Washington A. C. STICKLEY, General Agent 9'3 Government Street, Victorio, 6. G W. F. CARR, General Agent 301 Granville Street, Vancouver, B. G Across America Swiftly, Comfortably on the NORTH COAST LIMITED NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILWAY IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 26 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 Luzon Stevedoring Co., Inc. Lightering, Marine Contractors Towboats, Launches, Waterboats Shipbuilders and Provisions SIMMIE & GRILK Phone 2-16-61 Port Area Quality Printing is as essential to your business as welltailored clothes are to the successful salesman. Attractive letterheads, bill heads, cards, envelopes, labels, etc., are silent but powerful salesman. Why not let them carry your message in the most effective way? The M.cCulloujJj Imprint ensures quality printing and all that it implies. McCullough service means expert supervision and the intelligent handling of your printing problems. Whatever your printing needs may be, you are assured the utmost satisfaction when McCullough does the job. May we serve you? McCullough printing go. Division of Philippine Education Co., Inc. 101 ESCOLTA Phone 21801 MANILA, P. I. RAIL COMMODITY MOVEMENTS By M. D. Royer Traffic Manager, Manila Railroad Company "rhe volume of commodities received in Manila during the month of November, 1931, via Manila Railroad are as follows: Rice, cavans................................. 121,788 Sugar, piculs................................. 221,708 Copra, piculs................................ 161,565 Desiccated Coconuts in cases. . . . 17,51!) Tobacco, bales.............................. 1,692 Lumber and Timber, B. F........ 676,543 The freight revenue ear loading statistics for four weeks ending November 14, 1931 as com pared with the same period for the year 1930 arc given below: FREIGHT REVENUE CAR LOADINGS COMMODITIES NUMBEK OF FREIGHT CARS FREI (JI IT TONNAGE INCREASE OR DECREASE 1931 1930 1931 1930 Cars Tonnage ltirn 438 860 4,741 11,364 (422) (6,623) palay 89 110 1,019 1,320 (21) (301) 3 611 1 't>12 89 2 O‘>9 Sugar cane................... 738 1,135 13 >>92 20^875 (352) (7/283) 950 1,321 7,584 9,916 (374) (2,332) Coconuts....................... 164 188 1,836 2,030 (24) (194) Molasses....................... 20 598 20 598 14 9 11!) 65 54 Tobacco....................... 38 17 331 127 21 207 Livestock..................... 51 61 252 288 (10) (36 i\Iinpral Products 330 246 3,847 2,055 84 1,792 Lumber and Timber . . 166 195 3,262 4,510 (29) (1,248) Other Forest Products. 8 24 63 (5) (39) Manufactures. . . 149 222 1,687 2,857 (73) (1,170) All others including LCL 2,716 3,190 20,676 22,001 (474) (1,325) Totat.................... 6,059 7.621 63,212 79.083 (1,565) (15,871) ■ SUJIJI."UlY NOTE: Figures in parenthesis indicate decrease. Week ending Saturday, October 24. 1931.. . . Week ending Saturday, October 31. 1931.. . . Week ending Saturday, November 7, 1931.. . Week ending Saturday, November 14, 1931. 1.320 1.321 1,345 2,073 1,618 1,639 1,890 2,477 12,132 11,897 12,32!) 26,854 14,962 14,120 20,474 29,527 (298) (318) (545) (404) (2,830) (2,223) (8,145) (2,673) 6.05!' 7.621 63.212 79.083 (1.565) (15,871) CORRECT USES OF WORDS (Continue - from page /6’J mighty. Commonly used as an equivalent of “very” in such phrases as mighty well, mighty hard, mighty wise, etc. It is an old colloquialism, but should be avoided. mineralogy. Often wrongly pronounced min-erol'ogy. minute. Compare this word with the word moment in the regular vocabulary section. mischievous. Often mispronounced mischcc'vius and mis-chee'vus; should be mis'chi-vus. misplaced words. In the construction of sentences it is of the highest importance to give each word and clause its proper place. Misplace ment is one of the most common of all the errors in writing and speaking. All the words may be the proper words to be used upon the occasion, as W illiam Cobbett points out, and yet, bx a misplacing of a part of them the meaning may'be wholly destroyed, and even made to be the contrary of what it ought to be. The difference between "The steak should be properly broiled" will be understood. mistaken. "You are mistaken,” in the sense of “you arc wrong," is a locution that has caused many battles among the critics. It has been attacked on the ground of possible confusion with “mistaken” in its sense of taken amiss, misunderstood. Its defenders assert that. ■‘You are mistaken" is less direct and censorius than “You are wrong," and hence less offensive. They admire its euphemistic character, and have given it the sanction of their authority. Its use is so general for "You are wrong" that there is no possibility of mistaking the meaning. "You are in error" is preferred by some purists. moisten. Pronounced mois'n, not -ten. monarchical. Often mispronounced and misspelled. It is mo-nahr'kikal, not mo-nahr'ki-al. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 27 Commodities PRINCIPAL EXPORTS. Monthly average for 12 months October, 1931 October, 1930 previous to October, 1931 Quantity Value % Quantity Value % Quantity Value % Coconut Oil.......................................... Cigars (Number)................................. Embroidery............................................. Maguey................................................... . Leaf Tobacco......................................... Desiccated and Shredded Coconuts. Hats (Number)...................................... Lumber (Cubio Meters)...................... Copra Meal............................................ Knotted Hemp....................................... Pearl Buttons (Gross)......................... Canton (low grade cordage fiber).. . All Other Products............................... Total Domestic Products.................... United States Products....................... Foreign Countries Products.............. 8,032,799 9,837,380 13,290,109 21,203,317 19,971,023 ’1,UU&,433 1,132,476 1,957,505 1,900,686 743,296 528,672 16,493,299 11,669,404 7,968,748 17,410,333 12,799,200 24,638 Grand Total..................................................... ..................................... Articles Cotton Cloths................... Other Cotton Goods.... Iron and Steel, Except Machinery..................... Rice..................................... Wheat Flour..................... Machinery and Parts of.. Dairy Products................. Gasoline.............................. Silk Goods......................... Automobiles....................... Vegetable Fiber Goods... Meat Products................. Illuminating Oil............... Fish and Fish Products... Crude Oil........................... Coal..................................... Chemicals, Dyes, Drugs, Etc................................... Fertilizers........................... Vegetables.......................... Paper Goods, Except Books.............................. Tobacco fSnd ManufacElectrical Machinery.... Books and Other Printed Matters........................... Cara and Carriages,. .... Automobile Tires....... Fruita and Nuts............... Woolen Goode.................. Leather Goode.................. Shoes and Other Foot ware................................. Coffee.................................. Breadstuff, Except Wheat Flour............................... Eggs.................................... Perfumery and Other Toilet Goods................ Lubricating Oil................ Cacao Manufactures, Ex cept Candy................... Glass and Glassware. ... Glass and Glassware. ... Paints, Pigments, Var nishes, Etc..................... Oils not separately listed. Earthern Stones and Chinaware..................... Automobile Accessories.. Diamond and Other Pre cious Stones Unset.... Wood, Reed, Bamboo, Rattan............................ India Rubber Goods.... Matches.............................. Cattle.................................. Explosives.......................... Cement............................... Sugar and Molasses........ Motion Picture Films. .. Other imports................... Total. 8,361,606 243,979 16,600 70,241 396,821 609,195 278,109 146,287 368,837 250,065 85,473 35,900 58,383 32,809 549,847 811,879 3,580,206 1,624,809 107,680 7,697 11,052,225 446,268 172,698 78,817 233,900 P2,117,262 2,064,008 1,976,206 2,449,606 23,718 670,461 91,696 1,343,363 475,609 303,077 62,922,933 11,417,210 14,940,125 13,423,790 14,961,004 P9,767,610 100.0 253,936 454,630 179,343 410,697 62,762 27,383 1,655.828 P14,469,493 99.3 75,588 0.6 14,868 0. 1 P14.559.949 100.0 Note:—All quantities are in kilos eicept where otherwise indicated. PRINCIPAL IMPORTS October, 1931 October, 1930 Value % 1,983,605 148,831 669,125 900,714 668,846 530,804 657,485 424,500 373,947 332,834 318,200 198,783 131,354 240,713 714,423 580,639 156,100 162,196 215,662 113,216 153,347 94,274 124,283 172,459 Value 14 6 5 8 0 3 2 6 7 3 2 9 7 6 0 7 2 9 2 0 2 6 9 7 8 8 7 9 0 0 8 8 1 1 2 2 1 0 0 2 5 0 0 8 5 0 0 6 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 Monthly average for 12 months previous to October, 1931 CARRYING TRADE IMPORTS % 8.7 5.0 Value % P 1,317,864 760,519 8.6 4^9 Nationality of Vessels 491,264 1,776,599 1,266,822 54,879 5,424 9,453,407 418,236 52,902 70,178 335,879 P8,270,570 1,587,947 2,899,485 1,525,534 588,229 84,033 55,408 547,046 300,519 140,966 212,742 267,899 167,723 113,191 61,990 29,561 1,174,794 P18,027,637 100,022 16,397 99.4 0.5 0.1 P18,144,056 100.0 Monthly average for Ootober, 1931 October, 1930 12 months previous to October, 1931 478.616 145,870 584,052 983,496 396,842 880,765 391,104 438,065 749,008 256.752 345,511 236,648 231,014 377.616 363,197 88,199 136,996 106,315 94,324 136,425 102,408 94,684 133,763 58,640 6.0 2.4 5.4 2.3 2.6 4.6 2.2 2. 3*6 1.0 5.6 0.6 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.: 0.5 0.4 0.6 8.5 1,497,720 41,315 536,540 653,908 625,083 894,346 436,759 417,837 312,045 249,073 408,979 236,257 249,849 262,091 363,165 445,845 562,707 68,701 116,728 127,928 118,623 96,306 99,336 L7 2.2 2.8 3.6 0.6 0^5 0.6 0.9 0.' 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 11.3 TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES Ports October, 1931 October, 1930 Monthly average for 12 months previous to October, 1931 Value % Value % » Value % Iloilo................................... Cebu................................... Zamboanga........................ Jolo..................................... Davao................................. Legaepi............................... P23.129.129 2,016,193 3,584,100 177,517 20,668 639,189 413,0(15 77.1 P21.810.222 6.7 3,079,963 11.9 4,442,011 0.6 303,045 0.1 23,633 2.2 1,095,492 1.4 598,901 70.2 P22.054.833 9.8 6,014,399 14.2 3,917,666 0.9 250,913 0.1 22,652 3.4 797,606 1.4 668,353 American.. British........ Japanese.. . Dutch........ German.... Norwegian. Philippine.. Spanish.... Chinese.... Swedish.... Danish........ Panaman... Frenoh........ Value%Value %Value % P 7,830,284 8,285,825 1,288,745 964,642 992,262 225,760 53,748 183,707 50,915 115,272 11,838 39.1 P 6,938,716 40.5 4,495,067 6.4 1,154,333 4.8 1,063,244 4.9 1,058,168 1.1 252,432 0.3 94,285 19,146 0.9 43,762 0.3 65,242 0.6 385,322 3,785 4.5 44,164 55,911 250,983 3,338 410,626 By Freight......................... P20.002.998 98.1 P16,327,742 97.2 P15,145,119 97.8 By Mail............................ 209,243 1.9 465,476 2.8 341,969 2.2 Total................ P20,212,241 100.0 P16,793,318 100.0 P15,487,088 100,0 Nationality of Vessels American. . British........ Japanese... German.__ Norwegian. Spanish.__ Dutch........ Philippine.. Chinese.... Swedish.... Panaman... By Freight. By Mail. .. Total. EXPORTS October, 1931 Ootober, 1930 Value % Value P 4,630,101 2,401,426 996,368 297,691 406,181 46.6 P 4,385,940 24.4 4,420,211 10.2 1,201,965 3.2 610,224 4.3 1,356,002 71,923 0.8 520,617 5.5 28,582 0.3 110,871 1.4 197,466 7,352 Monthly average for 12 months previous to October, 1931 % Value % 29.5 P 6,558,327 29.7 4,411,121 8.2 3,684,420 4.3 380,390 9.3 1,162,202 191 1.5 183,709 54,828 0.5 47,585 7.2 405,056 3.7 638,688 296,067 P 9,471,114 96.8 P13.802.935 94.9 P17.793.057 98.5 296,496 3.2 . 757,014 5.1 350,999 1.5 P 9,767,610 100.0 P14.559.949 100.0 P18,144,056 100.0 TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES Countric October ,{1931 Value Monthly average for October, 1930 12 months previous to October, 1931 Value United States........... United Kingdom.... French East Indies. Germany.................... Australia.................... British East Indies. Dutch East Indies.. Netherlands.............. Italy............................ Hongkong.................. Belgium...................... Switzerland................ Japanese-China......... Denmark.................... Other Countries. ... 1 9 0 3 0 0 2 1 0 0 P19.186.732 1,081,414 2,103,159 1,379,698 137,005 1,134,975 1,485,343 291,904 914,014 1,072,395 392,542 116,586 613,965 84,584 562,705 147,767 50,423 28,396 90,391 113,849 33,982 8,870 27,036 295,534 61 3 7 3 3 2 3 9 9 3 0 2 8 0 0 1 9 P24.655.612 917,345 1,217,700 1,082,457 40,846 , 785,669 755,440 202,129 427,994 511,486 356,688 188,667 248,417 70,002 301,186 123,273 127,589 20,413 93,143 65,982 42,385 8,338 21,115 1,462,544 0.3 0.2 0.1 0. 1 4.3 Total................... P29.979.851 100.0 P31.353.267 100.0 P33,726,422 100.0 Total. P29.979.851 100.0 P31.353.267 100.0 P33,726,422 100.0 28 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL December, 1931 BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL DIRECTORY Kerr Steamship Co., Inc. General Agents “SILVER FLEET” Express Freight Services Philippines-New York-Boston Philippines-San Francisco (Direct) Roosevelt Steamship Agency Agents Chaco Bldg. Phone 2-14-20 Manila, P. I. Myers-Buck Co., Inc. Surveying and Mapping PRIVATE MINERAL AND PUBLIC LAND 316 Carriedo Tel. 2-16-10 STA. PDTENCIANA 32 TEL. 22715 CUT'S COLOR PLATES HALF-TONES . ZINC-ETCHING^ INFORMATION FOR INVESTORS Expert, confidential reporta made on Philippine projects ENGINEERING, MINING, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, LUMBER, ETC. Hydroelectric projects OTHER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES BRYAN, LANDON GO. Cebu, P. I. Cable AddresA: “YPIL,” Cebu. Manila Wine Merchants LIMITED 174 Juan Luna Manila, P. I. P. O. Box 403 Phones 2-25-67 and 2-25-68 PHILIPPINES COLD STORES Wholesale and Retail Dealers in American and Australian Refrigerated Produce STORES AND OFFICES Calle Echague Manila, P. I. ffi a 4= CHINA BANKING CORPORATION MANILA, P. I. Domestic and Foreign Banking of Every Description HANSON, ORTH & STEVENSON, INC. Manila, P. I. Buyers and Exporters of Hemp and Other Fibers Wise Building — Tel. 2-24-18 BRANCHES: New York — London — Merida — Davao SALEEBY FIBER CO., INC. Fiber Merchants P. O. Box 1423 Manila, P. I. Room 318, Pacific Building Cable Address: “SALEFIBER” International Harvester Co. of Philippines formerly MACLEOD & COMPANY Manila—Cebu—Vigan—Davao—Iloilo Exporters of Hemp and Maguey Agents for INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER CO. Agricultural Machinery MADRIGAL & CO. 8 Muelle del Banco Nacional Manila, P. I. Coal Contractors and Coconut Oil Manufacturers MILL LOCATED AT CEBU P. O. Box 1394 Telephone 22070 J. A. STIVER Attorney-At-Law-Notary Public Certified Public Accountant Administration of Estates Receiverships Investments Collections Income Tax 121 Real, Intramuros Manila, P. I. “LA URBANA’’ (Sociedad Mutua de Construcci6n y Pristamos) Prestamos Hipotecarios Inversiones de Capital Paterno Building, Calle Helios MANILA, P. I. A. K. SPIELBERGER SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADA The Earnshaws Docks and Honolulu Iron Works Sugar Machinery Slipways Machine Shops Port Area Manila, P. I. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL TRAIN TRAVEL IS SAFE TRAVEL also EASY, COMFORTABLE and DEPENDABLE SAFETY in TRAVEL is the most important consideration. For the last 6 years over 50 million passengers were transported on the Manila Railroad trains and not one single passenger was killed in a train accident. Railroad coaches are provided with travel con veniences, including pure drinking water. Passengers need not get down at stopping stations. Express Passenger Trains are drawn by oil burning locomotive. No cinders no smoke. Dependable. Railroad rates for both passenger and merchandise are low. Motor Vehicle rates greatly reduced. LOWER RATE FOR PRIVATE AUTOMOBILES CHECKED AS BAGGAGE Any passenger holding at least one 1st class and one third class tickets is en titled to ship one automobile at bag gage rate. 36 hours’ previous notice to the Station Agent is necessary. Automobile must be at Station 30 minutes before scheduled leaving time of train. Automobiles accepted as baggage are transported in all-steel box cars, protect ed from sun and rain, safe from scrat ches or damage while in transit, and can be unloaded from the car at desig nated stations in about eight minutes. Train Travel i MANILA RAILR s Safe Travel OAD COMPANY SECURITY SAFEKEEPING SER VICE AAWNERS of securities as well as those responsible for the safekeeping of securities such as executors, trustees and officers of domestic and foreign corporations will find the facilities of our Customers’ Securities Department of special value providing as it does both safety and relief from the many details attendant upon ownership or management. OECURITIES in safekeeping with our Customers’ Securities Department may be sold or transferred and earnings may be disposed of as you may direct. ‘XY7'E particularly recommend this service to those leaving the Philippine ’ ’ Islands for trips abroad who may wish to have their securities protected against theft and fire, their earnings collected for them and who, at the same time, may maintain complete control during their absence through the world wide services of this Bank. COMPLETE DETAILS ON APPLICATION THE NATIONAL CITY BANK OF NEW YORK HEAD OFFICE: 55 WALL ST., NEW YORK CITY Manila Office: Cebu Office: NATIONAL CITY BANK BUILDING GOTIACO BUiLDING RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL I ALHAMBRA CIGARS ARE GREATLY APPRECIATED AS Cfjristmas PRESENTS Price List Of High Grade ALHAMBRA Cigars Mailed by Registered Parcels Post, All CHARGES, including United States Internal Revenue Tax, PREPAID, to any place within the United States. , STANDARD PACKING BOITE :NATURE BRAND | -------------- i ------------- - Price Box of Price Box of Bellezas................................................................i P4.40 50 |1 P4.60 50 Bellezas............................................................... 8.60 100 1j 9.00 100 Blue Ribbon..................................................... 1 6.90 25 I| 12.80 50 Coronas............................................................. 5 40 25 9.90 50 Especiales........................................................... 4 20 25 | 7.50 50 Excelentes.......................................................... 5.20 25 i 9.40 50 Half-A-Corona................ ..................... 4.20 25 i I 7.50 50 Presidentes Sumatra......... 1 9.70 1 100 ! 1 .... Red Ribbon........................................................ 1 5.30 i 2S ! 9.70 j 50 If desired we will enclose your personal card in boxes All boxes are attractively wrapped in holly paper ALHAMBRA CIGAR & CIGARETTE MFG. CO. 31 TAYUMAN — MANILA — P. 0. BOX 209 Orders may also be placed with: Alhambra Cigar Store, 25 Escolta, Manila. Kuenzle & Streiff, Inc., 343 Pinpin, Manila. Kuenzle & Streiff, Inc., Cebu & Zamboanga. Hoskyn & Co., Inc., Iloilo. IN. RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL