The American Chamber of Commerce Journal Volume XIII (No. 7) July 1933

Media

Part of The American Chamber of Commerce Journal

Title: The American Chamber of Commerce Journal Volume XIII (No. 7) July 1933
Issue Date: Volume XIII (No. 7) July 1933
Year: 1933
Rights
extracted text: LEADING ARTICLES IN THIS ISSUE Philippine National Bank’s Enviable Posi tion Helped by Sugar Trade Gm Successful Battle Be Waged Against Our Slums? Sugar Under the Proposed Quota Philippine Talkie Film Industry Begins Smuggling Onions and Men in China By Edmund W. Scbedler Historic Plaza Names in Downtown Manila Editorial: Patronise American Ships Other Features and the Vsual Expert Reviews of Commerce When You Want To Be Real Nice—offer PIGTAILS Made In Four Sizes Famous Around The World Made by TABACALERA ORIGINATORS OF HIGH GRADE PHILIPPINE TOBACCO PRODUCTS “Who wrote that song— ‘Singing in the bathtub?’” It is easy to be seen that it wasn’t this caballero. Our guess is that the author did things differently and got his hot water direct from one of our modern, dependable “PICCOLO” GAS WATER HEATER One of these will change you over too. Hot water for a bath any minute of the day or night. Come in and let us arrange to install one for you. MANILA GAS CORPORATION Display Room Regina Building IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER July, 1933 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 1 Compliments of the Philippine Advertising Corporation JOHN W. MEARS, General Manager Manufacturers of PACOR NEON SIGNS Light, beauty of form, economy the triple motif of modern advertis ing—are most efficiently combined in PACOR NEON SIGNS. PAINTED BULLETINS POSTER DISPLAYS GOLD LEAF WORK TRUCK PAINTING LIGHTED DISPLAYS, SIGN PAINTING, HOUSE TO HOUSE DISTRIBUTION OF CIRCULARS AND SAMPLES Telephones: 2-29-45 and 2-29-44 Cooling, Refreshing, Healthful— And the drink that ' g>an $alt brewed by San Miguel Brewery No better time of the year than the present TO PAINT! ^"OW—before the rains set in— is the most appropriate time to start painting your house. Our Paint Contract Department will help you select a most appropriate color scheme, provided you agree to use YCO PREPARED PAINTS _ _________________________________ MANUFACTURED BY Ynchausti & Company 348 Tanduav — Manila — Tel. 2-27-50 Introducing the new ESCO -NIZED water repelling soles! We are now manufacturing shoes with the latest in novation in the shoe industry. As announced some time ago in the papers, we are introducing the muchheralded ESCO-NIZED water repelling soles—the product of the latest chemical discovery! This chem ical compound is produced in the most elaborate chemical laboratory in the world, experimenting on the treatment of sole leather. The HALE SHOE COMPANY, manufacturer of the famous ESCO shoes, is the only company in the Phil ippine Islands authorized to use this most wonderful chemical treatment known to science. And the benefit is naturally passed on to the hundreds of thousands of ESCO wearer all over the Islands. Undoubtedly, genuine sole leather as used in all ESCO shoes and chemically treated with this marvelous compound, will prevent absorption and keep the water from the feet—thus helping to protect one’s HEALTH ! MORE, IT WILL PRACTICALLY GIVE TWICE THE WEAR YOU HAVE BEEN FORMERLY GET TING IN EVERY PAIR. Every day in every way, ESCO shoes are getting better and better! ESCO SHOE STORES 615 Escolta and 333 Legarda Request your shoe dealer to order ESCO shoes with the new ESCO-NIZED soles. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE 2 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1933 Advertise In Meralco Street Cars and Buses Street-car advertising is an extreme ly efficient means of reaching the consuming public. Advertising on the inside is read by the thousands who daily use this means of trans portation. Advertising on the outside of the cars is seen by the throngs of shoppers on the sidewalks and plazas, as well as the thousands of riders in auto mobiles and other vehicles. Street-car advertising costs very little per thousand circulation— much less than most other forms of advertising. For Rates and Particulars—Call Up I ALHAMBRA CIGARS continue to be the recognized leaders in QUALITY cigars ESPECIALES ALHAMBRA SUNSET MATCHES SOLD EVERYWHERE 1 PHH.IPPME MAtChf company. lto. A. B. TIGH Advertising Manager Manila Electric Company Telephone 2-19-11 Easy to Ask for— BEST TO USE Philippine Match Company, Ltd. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL THE J €H AfiBE RjZcOMMERCf Single Copies: 35 Centavos WALTER ROBB Editor and Manager July, 1933 Governor General Murphy Lunches at Chamber of Commerce The Speakers’ Table: Luncheon to Governor General Frank Murphy Left to right:—’Vice President C. S. Salmon, Rear Admiral C. E. Courtney, Ilis Excellency, Governor General Frank Murphy, President II. M. Cavender, Major General Edwin E. Booth, lT.S.A., commanding the Philippine department, President S. F. Caches of the Ileacock company, Joseph E. Mills, financial adviser to Governor Murphy, and Director P. A. Meyer. Some 120 representative business men, members of the chamber of commerce, participated in the chamber of com merce’s pleasure in having His Excellency, Governor General Frank Murphy at luncheon Wednesday, June 28. Among the other prominent guests were Admiral Courtney and Major General Booth’. Managing the introductions, President Howard M. Cavender introduced President Samuel F. Gaches of the Heacock company to speak on behalf of the chamber of commerce and'the American community in the Philippines. This task Mr. Gaches performed with grace and point. Governor General Frank Murphy’s response, sincere and cordial, was well received and made an excellent impression. Prior to the luncheon every one present had opportunity to meet Governor Murphy. Time's Industrial Recovery Act Survey Out from under the final scrimmage on Capitol Hill last week squeezed a final version of the National Industrial Recovery Act, ready for the President’s signature. A compromise between House and Senate, this titanic measure contained the following features: Control. The 7,000 industries of the U. S. are brought under Government control by in vesting them with a public interest. Control takes the form of executive approval of voluntary trade codes reducing working hours, fixing wages, rationing production, regulating com petition. License. To bring balky industries into line the President can clamp a licensing system down on them. .By canceling a license he may put one concern or a whole industry out of business until it is ready to subscribe to a fair trade code. The licensing period is one year instead of two. Last week many a manufac turer was threatening to shut up shop altogether rather than submit to this gun-at-head provision of the law. Embargo. Because cheap goods from abroad may undermine the U. S. market and defeat domestic recovery, the President is authorized to embargo any and all imports. Anti-Trust Laws. The President is to set aside at will the Sherman and Clayton Acts to permit industrial work & wage codes to operate legally. The Senate attempted to nullify in dustrial control by prohibiting price-fixing. A tacit admission that price-fixing is to form apart of most trade agreements was made when that prohibition was finally knocked out. Labor. No employer may require his men to join a company union to get a job or keep them out of a regular one to hold it. “Open shop” manufacturers loudly lamented this section as giving an undue advantage to or ganized labor. Public Works. To make several million new jobs the President is handed S3,300,000,000 for public works. Part he will spend on Federal buildings, new warships, the Tennessee Valley development, river <fc harbor improvements. The rest he may give, not loan, to states and cities to build roads, sewers,bridges, water-works, docks. There are no strings about self-liqui dating projects and only his own conscience limits the President’s giving power. To provide money the House passed a $3,459,480,903 deficiency appropriation bill—largest in U. S. peacetime history.* Loud were the Re publican yells that this monster appropriation hopelessly unbalanced the budget. So it would have if President Roosevelt had met it out of ordinary treasury receipts. But he is to borrow the 83,300,000,000 from the U. S. public and put it aside in a special emergency budget. Though such borrowing may pile up the Public Debt to an all-time high, the regular budget will be unaffected. Many a financial commen tator considered this a deceptive if not dishon est form of Federal bookkeeping; many another thought it the only sane thing to do. Taxes. To pay the interest on these public works borrowings and amortize them, $227,000,000 per year is to be raised in special taxes to accord with the special budget idea. Mississip pi’s Pat Harrison, chairman of the Senate Finance Committee, successfully framed the final revenue section which replaced the House schedule for increased income taxes. Funds will be raised as follows: 1) A 1/10 of 1% tax on the capital value of all corporations, each company being free to fix its own worth. If it underestimates its value to reduce this levy, it will be caught at the other end by a.5% penalty tax on allprofitsover 12-1/2% of its own valuation. Estimated yield: $80,000,000. 2) A 5% tax on all dividends to be paid by the company declaring them. If a stockholder is voted a $1,000 dividend, he will get a check for S950 and the balance will go to the Treasury. As now, such dividends will not be taxed under the normal income rates. Generous companies may pay the tax without cutting dividend checks. Estimated yield: S73,000,000. 3) An increase in the gasoline tax from 1^ to 1-1/2^ per gal. Estimated yield: $62,000,000. 4) Administrative changes to prevent tax payers from carrying security losses over to the next year, partners from deducting partnership losses on securities from their personal returns, private bankers from deducting their short term capital losses. Estimated yield: $15,000,000. President Roosevelt had been given every thing lie asked for in the National Recovery Act. All that remained was for him to make it live up to its name. 4 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1933 Philippine Sugar Industry Under the Proposed Quotas Problems the centrals and plant ers will face in meeting quota limitations in the United States The inset on this page gives the estimated production of sugar from the cane crop in the Philipines now coming on for harvest. The Coulter conferences now in progress at Washington propose fixing a limit of about 850,000 long tons to the amount of this sugar that may be sold duty free in the United States. The Hawes-Cutting bill proposes about the same thing, to take effect when the commonwealth government provided in the bill is established. That could hardly be earlier than sometime in 1935, granting that the Hawes-Cutting bill will be accepted and will actually go into effect. Meantime the American domestic sugar industry needs relief, pressure for quotas of sugar grown in Porto Rico, Cuba, Hawaii and the Philippines is so insistent that it would not be surprising if they were agreed upon at Washington and put into effect before this paper is printed. In other words, there is hardly a prospect that Philippine sugar can escape a quota in the United States. There are, on the contrary, prospects that a third of the crop coming on for harvest will be subject to duty when sold in the United States. The estimated crop approaches 1,350,000 long tons. Say it will prove to be no more than 1,200,000 long tons; it is probable at this moment that only about 850,000 tons of it will be sold free of duty, some 400,000 tons will pay duty. If this is not the fate of this crop, at least it may be expected for the next. The industry faces quotas and the question arises as to how it may survive and take the fullest advantage of such an arrange ment. The American sugar duty is $2.50 per 100 pounds, which is ?7 a picul. To escape it up to a yearly quota of 850,000 long tons, Philippine sugar production must be cut one third. There looms also the problem of allotting the quota. The Hawes-Cut ting bill allots it adversely to new centrals and planters who have not had opportunity to bring up their yields per hectare, by basing it upon the average of sugar from the Philippines sold in the United States in 1931, 1932 and 1933 central by central; and between planters and centrals, on the basis of the sugar to which each is entitled. In his cable to Washington June 24, Governor General Frank Murphy suggested that allocation of a quota that may be fixed for the Philippines by the Coulter conferences be left to the Philippine government. Under such an arrangement, distinctly not in the Hawes-Cutting bill, the newer centrals and the planters associated with them might obtain an opportunity to survive, but only at the expense of the older centrals and planters. For the islands to have full advantage of a quota, each central must produce its allotment. What one fails of can’t be distributed to the others, and what one district fails of producing can’t be distributed to the other districts of the islands. This of course under the Hawes-Cutting bill, so it might be better to have a quota fixed by conference. In one district of the islands where the quota question has been carefully studied the area in cane is 10,000 hectares. SUGAR BY PROVINCES There are 44 sugar centrals in the Philippines, from which recent re ports indicate total production of something mote than 1,300,000 metric tons of centrifugal sugar from the 1933-1934 crop now coming on for grinding. It is assumed this estimate is liberal, the crop may not exceed 1,200,000 metric tons. Another fact is that the crop year varies from the calendar year, basis of the quota in the Hawes-Cutting bill. Eighteen of the centrals are in Negros, where production of more than 700,000 metric tons is expected. Sixteen of the centrals are in Luzon, where production of more than 425,000 metric tons is expected. Six of the centrals are in Panay, where production of more than 88,500 metric tons is expected. Mindoro has one central, expecting production of about 11,800 metric tons. Cebu has two centrals, expecting production of about 40,000 metric tons. Leyte has one central, Ormoc, expecting production of about 13,695 metric tons. It is very early in the season to estimate the expected crop. There is a natural effort on the part of centrals to come out as favorably under a quota as possible by submit ting maximum estimates; it seems to the Journal that it would be conser vative to discount the estimates by 10% and fix upon 1,200,000 metric tons as next season’s probable max imum production of centrifugal sugar. The central’s allotment of quota sugar is expected to be about 700,000 piculs, the expected crop is about 1,000,000 piculs. Production of sugar in this district must be cut about 300,000 piculs. Some planters in the district produce 100 piculs or more to the hectare, others no more than 60 piculs. It is expected to average all production at 70 piculs to the hectare. The planter who has 100 hectares in cane yielding 100 piculs to the hectare agrees to put 30 hectares into other crops; or to moderate his efficiency, or at any rate to produce no more than 7,000 piculs of sugar a year. If he confines his cane to 70 hectares, he economizes 1*7,200 in his yearly expenses, for it costs P240 a hectare to grow cane. But his share of the crop per hectare is 60 piculs, his profit at this time about f*2 a picul. His sacrifice of income in putting 30 hectares of cane land into other crops is therefore P3,600 less whatever returns the other crops may make him—also less the expected rise in sugar prices. The quotas are proposed as a means of bettering the sugar market permanently. The promise is held out that this is likely to be more than a rise of T2 a picul. By conforming to a quota the Philippines may lose nothing in actual income from sugar. This planter, too, if the market rises as much as f*2 a picul, will actually gain from putting 30 hectares of his farm of 100 hectares into other crops than cane; gain, that is, more than he now gains from 100 hectares of cane. To go on with the arrangement in this planter’s district, the neighbor now producing 60 piculs of sugar to the hectare doesn’t have the privilege of planting additional land; he undertakes to bring his yields up to the standard district level of 70 piculs to the hectare on the land already in cane. He will be encouraged to do this by the central, which can make up its allotment no where else and depends on him alone to keep its allotment full. In this district, however, and in every district, something more than the allot ment must be produced, or planned to be produced, else there will be an inevit able falling below the quota allotments. Plagues and unfavorable seasons are factors that vary production whether man wills or no. To keep the allotments up to quota there must be sugar enough to offset these factors. It is evident enough, too, that under a quota the industry can’t go on to that intensive production already reached by Hawaii and Java, 200 piculs or more to the hectare. It would mean a crop of about 4,000,000 long tons a year and the probable wiping out of all quotas. The Philippines being granted a quota, the American industry that is at the bottom of the movement, aided by the Cuban industry so earnestly abetting its efforts, will expect the Philip pine crop to be definitely pegged at about the quota figure. To do that with fairness to planter and central, to new central and old, will be no easy task. Above-quota Cuban sugar won’t be allowed in the United States. The same rule applied to the Philippines would be another seriously complicating factor in the problem the industry faces here. July, 1933 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 5 Murphy Wants Lower General Bank Interest Rate Mills succeeds Schwulst on National Bank board, Rockwell retires, Cotterman and Day continue This page carries the balance sheet as of December 31 of the Philippine National Bank, considered one of the strongest central-bank balance sheets in the world today. At the stockholders’ annual meeting Governor General Frank Murphy congratulated the officers and directors of the bank on its excellent position, emphasized the importance of keeping bank assets liquid with ample security behind every loan, also the importance of reducing non-liquid accounts and the advisability of lowering the general bank interest rate. Joseph E. Mills, financial adviser of Governor Murphy, was elected a director and the vice chairman of the board of directors succeeding E. B. Schwulst. C. M. Hoskins and Benito Razon were elected directors of the bank. One directorship was not filled. By resignation, E. B. Schwulst, J. C. Rockwell and Jos6 de Leon retired from the board. An interesting chapter in the progress of the bank is its adventure in furnishing the bulk of the capital some 15 years ago to build six large sugar centrals for corporations organized by Filipino planters. The early period of this venture was gloomy. The capital investment was large and supervision was not effective. But now the venture bears a different and more favorable aspect. It is the basis of much profit able business of the bank, including exchange from a large bulk of sugar annually sold in New York. In 1922 on October 31 the six centrals owed in principal to the bank 1*38,791,901. By October 31, 1926, this had mounted to F46,723,226. On June 30 this year it had begj> reduced to 1*14,141,963 on four centrals, two of th^dgKal six debtor centrals having pulled themselves outflfiMa^reciside of the ledger some years ago, but remaining^ffroa customers of the bank still. In principal then, the centrals have repaid the bank 1*32,581,263. There will be additional payments before the close of the sugar year October 31. One central that paid its debt some years ago and now pays yearly dividends of 20% to its stock holders, owed the bank in 1925 about 1*6,000,000; it has since practically doubled its capacity and now has an enviable cash position. In interest the centrals of this group have paid the bank 1*16,500,000. This is about the price for which, ten years ago, there was a serious proposal to sell them under the hammer. PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK Consolidated Statement of Condition December 31, 1932 RESOURCES LIABILITIES Cash on Hand..................................•'............................ P Due from Insular Treasurer—Circulation Reserve....... Due from Banks— U. S. and Foreign Banks......... Local Banks............................... Checks and Other Cash Items... Total Cash and Exchange. Bonds— P. I. Government, U. S. Gov’t, and other Prime Readily Marketable Bonds................................... Commercial Loans— Bankers’ Acceptances, Export and Import Bills and other similar self-liquidating bills................. Total primary and secondary reserves............ Loans and Discounts...................... .............................. Real Estate, Furniture and Fixtures— Real Estate Owned....................... P 339,969.03 Furniture and Fixtures................. 115,370.01 Miscellaneous Assets— Assets Acquired in Settlement of Loans........................................... P 2,169,833.48 Premium on Bonds....................... 361,873.76* Other Assets................................... 217,345.96 Undistributed Expenses—Agencies............................... Sub-Total.......................................................... P 5,919,119.36 226,625.83 P12,747,746.20 10,706,925.07 1’51,082,579.79 40,045,701.59 455,339.04 2,749,053.20 ______1,644.73 1’94,334,318.35 CONTINGENT ACCOUNTS P 1,412,094.89 1,817,340.04 682,087.25 1,244,539.85 Capital............................................ Surplus............................................ Reserve for Self-Insurance........... Reserve for Contingencies— Assets Acquired......................... Other Assets............................... Unearned Discount........................ Uncollected Interest, on Loans. . . Uncollected Profit.......................... Deposits— Government Deposits................ Individual Deposits................... Trust Deposits........................... Sub-Total............................. Due to Banks— U. S. and Foreign Banks.... Local Banks............................ Sub-Total............................. Total Deposits.................... Bank Notes in Circulation (Net). Real Estate Mortgage Bonds. .. . Miscellaneous Liabilities............... Reserve for Taxes......................... Reserve for Gratuities.................. Inter-Branch Accounts (Net). . .. Sub-Total......................... P10,000,000.00 6,137,074.05 246,653.40 1’55,739,530.58 56,207,066.22 9,806,721.00 1,200,000.00 655,354.90 663,339.98 3,808.38 1,141,514.57 P94,334,318.35 Exchange Contracts......................... Letters of Credit—Unused............. Bills on Hand—Collection............. Customers’ Items for Safekeeping. _ ______ Total................................................................. P99,490,380.38 •These bonds are carried at cost, but depreciation in the current market value is covered by reserves. (Signed) Geo. W. Porter, Auditor. (Representative of the Insular Auditor). Exchange Contracts......................... Letters of Credit—Unused............. Bills Received for Collection:........ Customers’ Items for Safekeeping. Tot al.................................. (Signed) Rafael Corpus, President. OFFICERS OF THE BANK Judge Rafael Corpus, President. Miguel Cuaderno, Vice-President. D. Person, Assistant to the President. J. Felix, Cashier. J. R. H. Mason, Manager, Sugar Centrals Agency. S. A. Warner, Chief Accountant. Roman Mabanta, Manager, Special Assets Department. Santos Martinez, Secretary. George W. Porter, Auditor. BOARD MEMBERS Vicente Carmona, Chairman. Joseph E. Mills, Vice-Chairman. Judge Rafael Corpus. C. M. Cotterman. K. B. Day. Salvador Lagdameo. C. M. Hoskins. Benito Razon. 6 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1933 Philippines Film Industry Steps Forward The airplane enters into the making of Manila talkies Showmen Tait & Harris bid fair at present to become the pioneers in the Philippines in putting Tagalog talkies over in a really big way. The reason seems obvious. To their bent for showmanship they have added an investment in lot and equipment of 1’80,000 and must add more to the tune of thousands for the sound proof studios necessary to make talkies success fully during the rainy season. These studios arc under construction. Meantime, Malayan Movies under Jose Nepumoceno, continues making pictures; they have recently made three in collaboration with Tait & Harris for the sound effects. j Behind another budding company, Mayon Pictures, is Roman Caro of the Caro Electric Company. The Tait & Harris lot is on calle Inverness, Santa Ana. Four successful talkies have been made there, under such drawbacks as the record ing of the crowing of roosters during the filming of a storm at sea. It is such drawbacks that soundproof studios eliminate. The trade name chosen for their talkie business is Filippino Films, Inc. It is (piite definitely proved that Tagalog talkies will be popular, if well done, far beyond Manila and the surrounding provinces where Tagalog is the popular language. Apparently Tagalog is acceptable in all provinces south of Manila, even Zamboanga. A Tagalog talkie made in Manila recently grossed more on its first showing in Iloilo than in its first showing in Manila, yet Iloilo is a Bisayan city where Spanish is still much in vogue. The merit of the camera work has much to do with the popularity of locally made pictures. Tait & Harris have tried to omit nothing, in founding their talking pictures venture, to make the photography, .pound and synchronization first rate. Sound and picture are simultaneously filmed, on different films. Then, when the cutting is done, on a third film sound and picture come out together. .It is claimed the technique is the latest and best. Saving the owners and the experts from Hollywood, everyone on the lot is Philippine born. So there is a slogan : Philip pine Films Made by Filipinos. Cameraman John Silver finds - Manila actors adaptable to work before the camera; they are not camera conscious, their natural histrionic ability is tractable. Director Fernando Toledo, native of Valencia, experienced at Hollywood, works agreeably with the castes and finds among the actors a willing ness to learn and be taught. Harry Blanchard is the tsar of sound. Hugh Gwyne dominates the developing and cutt ing department. George "Doc” Harris takes general charge. With two companies in the field and another in prospect, making talkies will mean additional employment in Manila. The themes of Philip pine talkies are of course very simple. Generally they ring the changes on the old, old story of rural innocence betrayed by the city’s dash and brilliance: the cruelty of life in town, its sweet ness in the kind and unspoiled country. They keep to the field of melodrama, and play upon the domestic emotions. The emotional appeal can’t be too broad. An early picture made by Nepumoceno was advertised: A Very Sad Story! Don't Miss It! Tragedy goes over well. Comedy. relief is of the broadest. Names indicate the type: Any Mutia ny Pamilihan, The Pearl of the Market; Dr. Kuba (a striving after Lon Chaney effects); Any Monyhita, The Little Nun; Puilal na Ginto, The Golden Dagger; and Tait & Harris’s next release, Mya Ulila, The Orphans. The. Orphans is a shipwreck theme. The cabin set is oscillated on rockers to simulate a tossing by waves. Wind comes from a squirrel cage wheel turned under stretched canvas, thunder from a suspended sheet of iron, all very realistic. It takes hours to prepare a set, moments only for the use of it. Modern in ventions come into the pictures, airplanes and landings by parachute, swanky motor cars, opulent home scenes. Islands’ Oldest Life Insurance Company Celebrates Annual Banquet of the Insular Life Assurance Company 7'1'7’ Phnto On June 2(> the Singson Encarnacidn club of the Insular Life Assurance Company, oldest of the local life insurance companies, banqueted the company’s directors at the Manila hotel. Vice President Charles >S. Salmon of the chamber of commerce is the general agent of the company. Left to right in the picture: Isaac Barza, Dr. Ignacio Ortigas, R. U. Sanchez, Jose McMicking, D. B. Ambrosio, Secretary of Agriculture V. Singson Encarnaci6n, E. W. Schedler, Vicente Arias, Dr. E. Roa, Jose Arancta, G. Abella, Leopoldo Mclian, Abdon Llorente, Jose Mc Micking, jr., C. S. Salmon, Francisco Ortigas, Romulo II. David, and F. J. Santos. July, 1933 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 7 The British World View of Commerce From the current number of the London Chamber of Commerce Jour nal accessible, at the library of the India Six important Japanese cotton organizations, in a statement on the.repudiation of the Indo-Japanese commercial treaty, now say that should the Indian Government not alter its attitude, the Japanese organizations are firmly resolved to act, “considering the grave nature of the problem.” They add that the termination of the treaty without preliminary negotiations and the recent Anti-Dumping Law passed by the Indian Legislature constitute “an unfriendly act,” and an extreme boycott of Japanese goods, which is not only against the interests of the Indian public, but will also result in un happy consequences to the treaty relations between India and Japan. The Anti-Dumping Act is regarded by these associations more in the nature of protection for Lancashire than as a safeguard for the Indian textile industry, “in which there has been phenomenal expansion since the war.” No decision, however, has been taken regarding the boycott of Indian cotton pending further negotiations, although Japanese traders are advocating it. The Committee of the Indian Chamber of Commerce, Calcutta, and the Delhi piece-goods merchants, have asked the Government of India immediately to save the textile industry from ruin by action under the Anti-Dumping Act. How “Anti-Dumping Act” Works.—The “Anti-Dumping Act” which the Legislative Assembly has just passed has so been drafted as to secure two important purposes. In the first place, the power of direct executive action given to the Governor-General-in-Council will enable steps for the pre servation of threatened industries. In the second place, it lays upon the Legislature responsibility for the endorsement or cancellation of every step of the kind taken by the Ex ecutive Government. There can, in this respect, be no sitting on the fence. • The Legislature must endorse by resolutions in both Houses every protective measure taken. In this way the authority of the Legislature over the import tariff is preserved and the right of the consumers to have their viewpoint asserted against such protective measures, if they wish to have it asserted, is secured. The non-official European group in the Legislative Assem bly, who at the time of the annual Budget debate specially demanded protective legislation of this kind, urged upon the authorities the need of speedy action, because, they said, small Jndian industries were “tottering under the cut-throat competition of dumped imported goods.” Canada The shift of the United States toward controlled inflation is a matter of deep interest to Canada because of the close economic attachment existing between the two countries. Canada’s position, it now appears, would not be jeopardized ‘even if the United States enforced the extreme sanctions in the measure that has passed the Senate, but still has to face a less partial lower bouse. The view held in banking circles here is that inflation in the United States, while it would tend to bring our dollar in closer alignment with New York funds, would result in an increased outlet for our goods and materials in United States markets which with the further trade stimulus in a sharply higher sterling rate here would result materially to our advantage. The sharp rise in wheat has materially brightened our economic picture during the past month. Our carryover is still sufficiently large to permit the country at large to benefit materially from the sharp advance. Coming at this time, too, the rise in wheat will no doubt tend to stimulate seeding operations in Western Canada, and contribute to the maintenance of normal acreage at least. American Chamber of Commerce The latest move, to which reference was made last month, in the direction of reducing our national costs is a reduction of bank interest rates in Canada on savings deposits. No immediate effect was apparent in the bond market, as it was rather affected by other extraneous and conflicting influences. The departure of the United States from the Gold Standard was a development of some moment to our gold mining com panies. Hitherto the producers sold their product to the Government, and were paid the equivalent of New York funds, the price being the average of the quotation on funds for the three days at the time of the receipt of the metal. Now with the United States off gold, and the American dollar at a substantial discount in terms of gold currencies, it is clear that that currency is no longer a fair measure of value of gold. The sterling quotation establishes prices here, and it was significant in this connection that a shipment of gold was recently dispatched to London, to be sold in the open market there. Australia The actual balance of trade in favour of Australia for eight months of the current statistical year, July to February inclusive, was £26,641,000, being slightly in excess of the favourable balance for eight months of the previous year. Then, however, the bullion and specie balance was £4,377,000, whereas now it is £13,236,000. The large bullion and specie balance is wholly on account of shipments by the Common wealth Bank of gold from its reserves for conversion into sterling. The amount taken into account from July 1 to end of February was 6,417,270 sovereigns, whose estimated value is £stg9,053,169 and £A11,316,768. The actual commodity balance for the period was £stgl3,405,000 compared with £stg22,042,000 for the corresponding period of 1931-32. In quantity exports of primary products generally showed increases as compared with the corresponding period last year, but in many cases there was a fall in values. Shipments of cheese increased in volume by 44 per cent, butter by 20 per cent, and milk and cream by 92 per cent. Wheat increas ed by 5 per cent, and flour by 4 per cent. Sugar exports were 35 per cent less, wine 22 per cent less, and coal 25 per cent less. Exports of meat in value were generally lower, also sugar, copper, zinc and timber. On the import side apparel and textiles showed an increase of 36 per cent, and the advance in metals and machinery was equal to 67 per cent; the greatest increase in the section being motor chassis, from £216,000 to £1,004,000 for 1932-33. With the passing of nine months of the financial year the Budgetary position continued satisfactory. Federal revenue amounted to £52,285,000, and expenditure to £49,954,000, giving a surplus of £2,331,000 or £135,000 less than at the end of eight months. United States A marked revival of trade has been indicated recently. An industrial survey tends to show that a return to normal is slowly gathering momentum. One of the best signs of it is the announcement by a number of corporations and factories and firms of a 5 or 10 per cent increase in wages, and this is somewhat more than one would expect so early after an improvement in business has begun. Whether this will last, or whether it is merely seasonal, it is hard to say at this moment. A general upward turn in confidence and business has been apparent since the middle of March, just after the banks reopened. Commercial failures have decreased. Steel production, which is considered the baro meter of business, is now 20 per cent of normal as compared with 14 per cent in the third week in March. Encouraging improvement is indicated in seasonal trades and in trades allied with brewing of beer. THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1933 Historic Plaza Names in Downtown Manila An initial paper in this magazine on historic street names in downtown Manila promised a later one about the plazas, Cervantes, Moraga, Sta. Cruz and Goiti; but another, Moriones, because it is taking on the character of a Hyde Park or Washington Square, may be added. Notes in the SaltHeistand manuscript that gave the data on streets have the following to say about the plazas listed in this paragraph: “Cervantes. Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra was born in Madrid in October 1547, of an old and noble Castilian family, and died in poverty on April 23, 1616, after many hardships and experiences. He distinguished himself by great bravery at the battle of Lepanto (one of the world’s decisive battles), but on his way home was captured by pirates, and imprisoned in Algiers for five years, only securing his ransom by complete beggary of Us family. In 1605 he pro duced the first part of Don Quixote (a book that still makes all the world envy Spain Cervantes’s genius), which at once became popular. The second part was not published until the year before his death, as a jealous contemporary had writ ten a false sequel. As a truly brave man Cervantes could claim the right to laugh at the mock bravery of a sentimental chivalry.” Briefly, Cervantes bade medieval chivalry adieu with guffaws equally from the gallery and from the pit and the boxes; his wholesome humor will leaven intransigence for all time, as his renown will forever reflect glory upon Spain and evoke the reading man’s respect for his people. “Moraga. Fernando de Moraga, Franciscan friar, was born in Alcozer, Spain. After joining the Franciscan order, he went to Mexico where he served for a time as parish priest in Michoacan. The date of his departure for the Philippines is unknown, but in 1579 he was living in Dilao (now Paco). On May 14, 1605, he was chosen parish priest of Santa Ana (for long a famous Franciscan shrine). On April 16, 1616,we find him presiding over the chapter of the Franciscans in the islands. After two ineffectual attempts to return to Spain as a member of the general chapter of the order, he was, on the third effort, forced to take port in Malacca. Hence he passed to Goa (mother of Portuguese missions in the orient) and so returned home across Persia, where he was received with much favor by the king, Armenia, Arabia, Chladea, Syria and Turkey, to Venice and finally in 1619 to Spain. Most of the journey was made on foot, his daily bread being secured by begging as he went along. “In Spain he found King Philip III almost ready to abandon the islands owing to financial difficulties, and persuaded him to reconsider his decision. He also published in the same year, at Madrid, by request of the king, an elaborate account of the Philippines. On his return with 30 more religious to the islands, on the last day of December, 1619, he was drowned in a storm off the coast of Spain on January 3, 1620, and was buried at Conil, in the province of Cadiz. The name of this plaza was approved on August 16, 1871.” Franciscan chronicles rightly exalt Moraga’s effort for the Philippines. It is said he appeared in the attired raiment of his travels before King Philip III, having no time to make himself presentable because the king was on the point of signing the decree to abandon the Philippines; but that travel stained as he was, the king was so moved by his eloquence that, against the Council of the Indies and the cabinet, he said he would support the Philippine mission to the last penny of his revenue. “Goiti. After taking part in the Villalobos expedition (to the Moluccas, that touched the southern Philippines), Captain Martin de Goiti accompanied Legaspi to the Phil ippines as field marshal He was the first to discover the town of Cabalian, Leyte, to which he persuaded Legaspi to sail, on March 5, 1565. Near Bohol, in the middle of March, he captured a small Moro boat from Borneo and brought the sailors back to his chief. In 1570 he was dispatched, in com pany with Juan de Salcedo, 120 Spanish soldiers, and 14 or 15 boats filled with Bisayan allies, to Manila, and reached there on May 19, 1570. After Legaspi’s arrival the next year, he consummated the conquest of the island of Luzon, from Manila bay to the gulf of Lingayen and was then sent back to Control the Spaniards in the Bisayas. “‘Legaspi was extremely fortunate in his captains, who included such old campaigners in the field as Martin de Goiti.’ ” Goiti’s house was the first point of attack by the Chinese corsair Limahon when he battled the Spaniards for Manila and the Philippines in 1575, and Goiti and his wife were both wounded, though both escaped. With other conquistadores, the noble Legaspi included, Goiti sleeps in the chapel at the left of the altar of the Augustinian convent church, of St. Peter and St. Paul, in the walled city. “Santa Cruz. Holy Cross. This plaza is in front of the Santa Cruz church (at the eastern end of the Escolta). The village of Sta. Cruz was administered by the Jesuit order who had a residence here. “The population was composed of married Christian Chinese, with a few Tagalogs, mestizos and free Negroes who worked on the farm belonging to the Jesuit college of San Jos6 at Mayhaligue (marked in our day by calle Mayhaligue, crossing Rizal avenue). The Jesuit priests were paid out of the com munal fund of the Chinese in the Parian. As, however, the Parian was under the spiritual jurisdiction of the Dominicans, they objected' to contribute to this tithe, and a very acrimo nious lawsuit ensued, in which Governor Corcuera, June 30, 1636, endorsed the decision of his predecessor in favor of the Jesuits. Another communal was, May 4, 1622, established in Tondo to pay the magistrate there. In the revolution of 1638 the Chinese of Sta. Cruz were especially vigorous in rebellion, and burnt the church almost to the ground. In 1640 they were, however, exempted from the tribute as a concession to the Jesuits. In 1662 the district was beautified with a bridge over the estero to allow the cavalry troops to unhindered, for maneuvers, to the other side of the Pasig river. Another bridge was built across the lagoon to Quiapo, which aroused the hostility of the mestizo element who were un willing to contribute to its cost. “During the British occupation of Manila, 1762-1763, Sta. Cruz, which was then the home of many Spaniards and foreign merchants, suffered severely.” In this hint about foreign merchants in the midst of a Chinese progressive community is an explanation of why the Escolta and Binondo became the business section of Manila. “Moriones. Domingo Moriones y Murillo was the 87th Spanish governor of the Philippines, 1877-1880. He became governor of the islands on February 28, 1877, having pre viously distinguished himself in the Carlist war. In 1877 he found himself confronted with a mutinous artillery regi ment, but he suppressed the mutiny with great rigor. In the same year he was instrumental in preventing the transference of the tobacco monopoly, and in 1878 he set on foot the mach inery which led to the establishment of the city waterworks. His term of office lasted until March 20, 1880. A plaza in the walled city, just outside Fort Santiago, also bears his name.” For defeating the Carlists in 1872 at the battle of Oroquieta, Moriones was made Marques de Oroquieta, and therefore calle Oroquieta, paralleling Rizal avenue beyond calle Azcarraga to the railroad, is named for him too. Future papers will take up other bits of Manila history recorded in monuments and names. July, 1933 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 9 Can Successful Battle Be Waged Against Our Slums? They are Small and Scattered, without the outward aspects of typical city slums, but bad health places fust the same There are small or large slums in every part of Manila, the largest and most objectionable ones perhaps in Tondo. Manila slums, of course, don’t duplicate in outward appearance the slums of American cities which are, typically, run-down neighborhoods of former business blocks and once proud residences turned into tenements. JManila slums hover about unimproved streets lacking gutters and sewers, even water mains; they are huddles of thatch cottages where, commonly, the cottagers pay a monthly rental for the ground on which their cottages stand. Refuse from the cottages finds lodgment in cesspools below the kitchens, where fowls often run and pigs are tethered by the ears. No sward surrounds these cottages. Manila slums are bare except possibly of a tree here and there, an occasional bamboo clump and some hardy bushes planted by the cottag ers for beauty’s sake—as in an American tenement window a geranium is sunned and nurtured in a tomato can. As the best means of sanitation they know, the cottagers give their yards a daily sweeping, to invite the purging sunlight and the cleansing rains; and the sweepings, of course, clog and fill up. the ditches at the edges of the unimproved streets that serve in place of gutters or sewers. Manila’s slums weaken and kill children, keep tuberculosis infection handy for adolescents and adults, and pneumonia1 and influenza on tap at all times for the aged. Architecturally they are not slums, hygienically they are. The bathing place in them is the city hydrant or an artesian well, also the common laundry. Each cottage has its open stove, smoke and soot from which defiles the roof and walls; and many have oil lamps instead of electric lights. Cottagers’ children getting their home work done by the light or a coconut-oil or petroleum taper risk their eyesight in the strife for education. Privacy is out of the question. Such is backstreet existence in Manila. What may be done about it is a problem no present agency is solving. Private enterprise is not solving it, government practically makes no attempt at solution of it. The first difficulty arises in the people’s gregariousness, their fond desire to live near one another furthers landlords’ plans to have as many restpayers on their property as possible; so a cottage is no farther than a meter or two from the cottages around it. In the dry season of the year, when fires come, wholeoblocks are devoured in a few minutes; and precious chattels, little in each cottage, but much in the aggregate, become ashes of discouragement. Cottagers in Manila’s slums are shiftless; they are happy-go-lucky and live for the day and its joys, not for the more promising morrow toward which they think it futile to save or to plan. Are they shiftless because they are slumites, or slumites because they are shiftless? The Journal will reward with public notice, anyone who comes forward with a plan for materially alleviating conditions in Manila’s slqms that the publications committee of the cham ber of commerce may deem practical and worthy of endorse ment. No one will find the task easy, nowhere in the world are such tasks easy; but easy or not, there are places in the world where they are tackled, and Manila should be such a place. When employers managing factories in Manila have some times attempted to take their employes out of tKe slums, the people’s gregariousness has baffled them in some cases, shift lessness has baffled them in other cases. An actual case: An American employing several hundred men in Manila put into effect, years ago, a home-buying plan. He bought the land, built good wooden cottages on it, provided space, ar ranged that his workmen pay for these nice homes, and own them under registered title, by making small monthly pay ments to him over a period of 10 years. He wanted: (1) his money back with bank interest, not usurious interest, (2) his workmen to be reliable home-buyers with a special interest in keeping themselves steadily employed, (3) to elevate his workmen’s place in life. At the end of the 10 years, one workman owned his home', all the others, hundreds, had de faulted along the way. This man no longer cares where his workmen live. The land he bought in a large tract and sold to them at about cost has become, not theirs—nor yet gone back to him, who would have enjoyed a material increment of its value—but has become the property of the workmen’s usurious creditors. “Why Pay Rent? Own Your Own Home!” This cry of the realtor reached the ears of Manila’s slumites about 10 years ago. Many succumbed to its blandishments. It was well-intentioned, but the experiment proved to have a fatal disadvantage for many families—cost of transportation to work, school and market offset the advantages of trying to pay for a home in the suburbs and eventually own it under clear title. Later appeals had to be addressed to classes above the slums, most slumites failed to make a go of it. Even without the generous write-ups of values realtors count into the retail prices of suburban lots, adding interest usually at not less than 12% on deferred payments; or even if a branch of the government should buy tracts and resell them at the cost plus bank-deposit rates, the people’s native gregarious ness, their impecunious unthrift, and above all the cost of transportation from home to work and school, would no doubt make the venture fail. The real practical problem, then, is the renovation of the slums; for it is there, convenient to their work, conveniently near one another, the slumites elect to live. What is the practical formula for this renovation of the city’s unwholesome neighborhoods? It is suggested that small parks, especially small parks north of the Pasig, would be a practical first step. These inexpensive breathing spaces should have two features, grass for children to romp on, concreted areas for them to roller skate on; and some of them, if large enough, should have playground paraphernalia; those far from the sea, swimming pools making a charge large enough for the expense of operat ing them. Foliage beautifies but should be limited, it is the exercise and open air that are needed. Besides, trees and shrubbery and flowers involve expense that, to make these proposed parks effective, is unnecessary. The skating areas would be most beneficial, exercising rickety limbs and building up vigor against tendencies to beriberi. It was noted that when Dewey boulevard was under construction (and being parked in a part of town that needs parks least), where traffic was temporarily kept off of concreted areas children of the rich and the poor alike went there every afternoon and evening to skate. All of them were imnfeasurably benefited, but the boulevard was soon completely improved and no skating places were left. It is suggested that as soon as presentable public parks relieve the squalor of the poorer and congested districts of Manila, the object lesson thus presented may lead to improved homes, less unthrift, and gradual abatement of the slums; whose growth with the city has been natural enough, but is not on that account, or for any reason, tolerable in a modern community such as Manila should take pride in being. 10 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER C F COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1933 The American Chamber of Commerce OF THE Philippine Islands (Member Chamber of Commerce of the United Statea) DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS H. M. Cavender, President C. S. Salmon, Vice Preident JohnL. Headington, Treasurer Leo K. Cotterman W. L. Applegate J. C. Rockwell Kenneth B. Day E. M. Grimm P. A. Meyer ALTERNATE DIRECTORS Verne E. Miller S. R. Hawthorne F. H. Hale L. D. Lockwood.. John R. Wilson Secretary E. E. Selph, General Counsel COMMITTEES EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE: H. M. Cavender C. S. Salmon Paul A. Meyer RELIEF COMMITTEE: J. Gordon J. R. Wilson MANUFACTURING COMMITTEE: K. B. Day F. H. Hale F. N. Berry LEGISLATIVE COMMITTEE: H. M. Cavender Paul A. Meyer E. E. Selph J. R. Wilson FINANCE COMMITTEE: C. S. Salmon Verne E. Miller FOREIGN TRADE COMMITTEE: H. B. Pond Paul A. Meyer L. Spellman PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE. H. M. Cavender K. t;. rsennett J. R. Wilson BANKING COMMITTEE: C. M. Cotterman W. K. LeCount J. R. Lloyd RECEPTION, ENTERTAINMENT & HOUSE COMMITTEE: L. M. Hausman LIBRARY COMMITTEE: S. A. Warner SHIPPING COMMITTEE: E. M. Grimm G. P. Bradford E. W. Latie INVESTMENT COMMITTEE: H. M. Cavender C. S. Salmon Paul A. Meyer J. L. Headington PATRONIZE AMERICAN SHIPS In a recent issue of a Hongkong newspaper, there appeared an article commenting on the efforts of the Australian commonwealth to extend its trade. The writer of the article pointed out that while the sending of a ship filled with goods of Australian manufac ture to tour the neighboring countries and to campaign these neighbors to “Buy Australian” was in line with the campaign to “Buy British”, yet the Australian authorities were sending this expedition of goodwill in a Dutch ship at a time when there were British ships and crews unemployed. The writer contended that the use of a ship flying a flag other than the British flag for such a mission defeated the purpose of the expedition. This brings us to the subject of ships. There can be no foreign trade without ships. The nation that controls its shipping, that provides ample facilities through its shipping for the movement of the merchandise produced for export and the goods brought back in payment for them, certainly deserves the support of its nationals, wherever they may be. Up to the time of the World War, the bulk of American foreign trade, both passenger and freight, was carried in foreign bottoms. The lessons learned since that time have caused our government to give serious consideration to the development and the mainte nance of the American merchant marine. With characteristic enthusiasm, American shipping firms, with and without the aid of the government, have gone into the over seas trade. They have provided services from American ports to all parts of the world, and they have done a good job. In spite of laws that handicap the American flag ship to the advantage of the foreign flag ship in regard to economic operation, the American shipping companies have made a place for themselves on the oceans of the world. Our government has recognized the importance of these services and, while holding back their economic operation with one hand, with the other hand has been generous in giving assistance in the building of new steamers for these trades. It has been liberal in its loans—placing ships that cost millions of dollars, the last word in construction and mechanical equipment, in competition with the rest of the world, yet, due to standards of living, has been forced to so regulate their operations as to make the shipping firms observe the strictest economies, the most intensive sales methods, ^nd the best of service, if they are to procure their share of the overseas traffic. To quesrion the wisdom of these laws is not the province or pur pose of this writer. The laws are the laws and as such are, and must be obeyed to the letter. Until such time as they are changed or amended, the American shipowner must continue to operate under them, overcoming these handicaps to the best of his ability. For these reasons, if for no other, the American ship deserves the patronage of the American shipper and the American traveler. There was a time—and not so many years ago—when this did not apply. The service of American shipping concerns did not meet the competition of that of other nations. It is the recognized right of every one, be he shipper or passenger, to use the ship that gives the best that can be obtained for the money to be spent. The shipper demands speed, safety, and service for his goods. The passenger is entitled to safety, comfort, service, and even luxury if he so desires and is willing to pay for it. In the days when these were not obtainable on American ships, the use of foreign ships was justifiable. Under present conditions, however, this is not the case. American ships, both freight and passenger, today provide everything that can be found in the foreign flag ships. With competition in world shipping as it is, with the constantly shrinking volumes of traffic to be moved, and with rates practically uniform, the support of the American merchant ship is more or less the obligation of the American shipper and traveler. American ships in themselves, as they ply between American and foreign ports, are among the best customers of the American manufacturer, farmer, and businessman. Disregard the vast millions that have been spent in the building of these ships, mil lions that have been distributed through all channels of industry— for there is scarcely a business that does not in some way feel the reaction of ship building—and consider the amazing wealth Amer ican ships return into American hands in their expenditures for outfitting and stocking them for their voyages to other lands. The purchasing offices of the big shipping concerns furnish convinc ing examples of this. Even the ordinary freighter must carry its quota of supplies, purchased in the American market. The amounts spent in providing for one of the big express passenger and freight liners for each trip are staggering in their totals. This money for meats, for poultry, for fish, for vegetables, for fruit, for flour and meal, for sugar, dairy products, coffee and tea—only a few of the hundreds of items that must be provided—runs into astounding totals. This purchase money goes back directly to the produce of California, of Delaware, of New York, Texas, Arizona, Kansas, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Florida, Iowa, and nearly every state in the Union. On the return trips, the amounts spent while not as large are equally impressive. Here is concrete evidence of the contribu tion to American trade through payments for supplies by American ships. As above stated, the money spent in the building, equipping, operating, and maintaining of American shipping, due to the di versity of interests affected, is distributed to every line of activity. It is not unreasonable, therefore, for the American shipowner and operator to ask that he be given the business and support of the' American shipper and traveler to enable him to keep on spending these sums in America instead of having all of them go into foreign countries through the hands of foreign shipping companies. If this applies in America, it also is equally applicable here in the Philippines. Here we have a world in miniature— representatives of every country living in peace and harmony with each other and engaging in the peaceful pursuits of trade. Manila is essentially a shipping city. Remove its shipping industry, and there would be little left. It is served by ships of every flag. Rates are the same. Competition prevents any differences. Nearly all Americans living here receive their living from American and Philippine sources, and, other conditions being equal, it seems the logical and reason able thing to expect that they patronize their own ships. They expect the protection given by the American merchant marine, and they should do their share to maintain the prestige <f the American flag on the seas. July, 1933 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 11 Provinces’ Relative Income Tax Standings The accompanying table of income taxes for 1932 shows more than % of income taxes in the islands to be assessed in Manila. The total assessment for the 49 provinces and for Manila comes to P4,255,491.08, and only 5 provinces besides Manila* are assessed more than 1% of the tax. These 5 provinces, Occidental Negros, Pampanga, Iloilo, Cebu and Laguna all domicile sugar industries and sugar mills. In Occidental Negros where the sugar industry is the most im portant branch of farming and manufacturing by long odds, the tax on corporations, which will be the milling corporations chiefly, exceeds that on individuals by ?60,000. The minimum tax is 3% of the taxable income. Occidental Negros has a gross income of about 1*50,000,000 a year from sugar; that is, it has more than 600,000 metric tons of sugar a year. This works out in a very small amount of income tax. Yet Pampanga, next richest sugar province, is next below Negros in the income tax list; it is evident that for income tax sugar is the best farm industry the is lands have. It is not so evident, but is it not true, that the volume of this tax is in at least a loose ratio with the capitalization of factory industries in the various provinces? Factories keep books and report their in comes in a formal way that is readily checked up by revenue agents. Davao, for example, is 7th°in the list. This very sparsely settled and generally back ward province has a well organized fiber in dustry around its gulf lands, with fiber agen cies and presses at central points -such as the port of Davao. This formalization of what business Davao has must help place it in the income tax list above such prov inces as Tarlac, for example, quite pop ulous and generally cul tivated. But Davao TOTAL TAXES ASSESSED ON INDIVIDUAL AND CORPORATION RETURNS FILED DURING 1932, BY PROVINCES 100.000 Province Individual Corporation and Partnership Total Manila......................... P2,001,710.02 Pl,255,757.08 P3,257,467.10 Occidental Negros.. 135,949.39 195,652.57 331,601.96 Pampanga................... 76,835.36 91,555.11 168,390.47 Iloilo.. .7..................... 96,338.15 23,366.97 119,705.12 Cebu............................. 37,366.20 25,104.47 62,470.67 Laguna......................... 10,303.62 35,081.28 45,384.90 Davao.......................... 18,099.59 21,213.72 39,313.31 Zamboanga................. 17,992.49 11,246.54 29,239.03 Rizal............................. 23,053.18 . 5,049.85 28,103.03 Tarlac.......................... 12,507.57 7,115.22 19,622.79 Oriental Negros......... 14,951.49 1,432.07 16,383.56 Batangas..................... 2,528.59 12,893.99 15,422.58 Mountain Province.. 11,032.29 2,548.25 13,580.54 Camarines Sur........... 4,423.29 8,883.89 13,307.18 Cagayan...................... 3,974.81 5,447.42 9,422.23 Bulacan....................... 7,434.24 1,294.68 8,728.92 5,801.50 2,422.83 8,224.33 Pangasinan................. 5,241.93 2,641.96 7,883.89 Nueva Ecija............... 6,526.97 545.64 7,072.61 Albay........................... 4,591.62 1,593.47 6,185.09 Bataan......................... 4,462.82 466.72 4,929.54 Tayabas....................... 3,457.16 1,091.08 4,548.24 Oriental Misamis....... 2,861.85 1,620.08 4,481.93 Cotabato..................... 1,600.59 2,435.41 4,036.00 Cavite.......................... Capiz........................... Isabela......................... 983.07 2,492.64 3,475.71 2,224.67 1,214.29 3,438.96 2,226.15 625.99 2,852.14 Lanao........................... 1,874.49 809.61 2,684.10 1,588.15 893.55 2,481.70 La Union.................... 1,800.26 163.27 1,963.53 Sorsogon...................... 1,690.58 144.54 1,835.12 Palawan....................... 1,271.80 1,271.80 Occidental Misamis... 24.81 1,203.43 1,228.24 Surigao......................... 1,046.51 162.32 1,208.83 Ilocos Sur................... 625.70 421.36 1,047.06 Bohol ......................... 462.56 536.40 998.96 Masbate....................... 320.84 579.06 899.90 Sulu............................. 296.48 542.72 839.20 Agusan......................... 230.49 586.89 817.38 Mindoro....................... 571.16 108.40 679.56 Camarines Norte........ 219.51 331.10 550.61 Romblon..................... 153.64 340.72 494.36 Nueva Vizcaya........... 320.32 .87 321.19 Zambales..................... 201.77 96.92 298.69 Ilocos Norte............... 177.18 88.37 265.55 Bukidnon..................... 207.77 207.77 Marinduque................ 51.17 63.68 63.68 Antique....................... Bnf.nnPR .............. 8.25 8^25 Abra............................. 2.60 2.60 Total............ P2,526,342.00 Pl,729,149.08 P4,255,491.08 Per cent of each province There arc fewer than 7,000 income trx payers in the Philippines is also above Rizal, a thriving province heavily populated, at the doors of Manila. A special reason here is that people declare their income taxes where it is most convenient to do so, and many residents of Rizal may declare in Manila; and while this also affects provinces as far away as Tarlac, it hardly accounts in itself for Tarlac paying less income tax than Davao or Zamboanga. Seeing Mountain Province below Batangas, it is realized that incomes made in mining in Mountain Province are declar ed in Manila. Many apparent anomalies in the list fail of obvious explanation. Abra is taxed only F2.60, even Batanes pays a little more than this, F8.25. Some leading men in public life hail from Abra. The rice industry yields little income tax, not F9,000 each from Pangasinan, Bulakan, and NuevaEcija. Hard hit as Leyte hemp and copra industries have been, drastically affect ing the transportation industry there, even this province shows al most as much income tax as Bulakan. Near ness to Manila helps explain Cavite’s low income tax assessment, 1*3,438.96; but dis tance from ’ Manila is not an unvarying fac tor in this study. Cotabato, with re markably few planta tions, few roads and small development of any kind, and lying in the south of Min danao very remote from Manila and enjoying the most limited advantages from public works and other general appro priations, brackets in the income tax list with Oriental Misamis. Provinces where less than Fl,000 income tax each is assessed are widely dispersed: Bo hol, Masbate, Sulu, Agusan, Mindoro, Camarines Norte, Romblon, Nueva Vizcaya, Zambales, Ilocos Nor te, Bukidnon, Marinduque, Antique, Bata nes, Abra, nearly 1/3 of all the provinces of the islands. 12 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1933 No Business Can Escape Change (From “Nation’s Business’’) Kapok is now available in sheet form, backed on one side by a thin paper membrane or with a tough paper liner added on the other. Applications include temperature and sound insulation in planes and cars, outdoor apparel, insulation and gloves for handling solid carbon dioxide......... A new lacquered fabric for bookbinding looks, feels and can be worked like cloth, can take all the colors and designs of cloth, yet is washable and moisture and insect proof......... Novel effects are obtained in the home, display windows, theater scenery, etc., with a new flu orescent paint which glows and changes color under ultra-violet light. The paint contains no radium or other dangerous substance.......... A fast-drying pyroxylin enamel has been de veloped for use as a one-coat finish on bare metal. It’s said to have good adhesive qualities, to give a high gloss finish without use of a primer.......... Copper-hydrogen-electric welding is now com mercially available. It produces a strong iron copper alloy bond, involves no flame, permits automatic welding on a quantity basis.......... Through a new formula, copper and certain copper alloys can be covered with a thin coating of special glass. The coating prevents tarnish, offers various color effects......... A new solder for aluminum and all other metals is said to have ten times the strength of ordinary solder, to require only an iron or blow torch to apply. Dissimilar metals can be joined with it......... Sheet steel is used instead of the customary cast-iron in a new enameled sink. Stamped out of a single sheet, it is said to weigh only about a fourth as much as a cast-iron sink .... Coal and oil-fired water heaters are protected against over heating by a new emergency valve containing a “fuse” which softens under excess heat, permitting the escape of too-hot water......... A new copper egg cooker, built like a double boiler, boils eggs soft, medium or hard and whistles when they’re done. . . . Hinges have been devised which permit screens, storm win dows to be interchanged, allow them to be swung open like doors.......... A self-cleaning rake has been devised for the home gardener. It has a spring-equipped, hinged head which folds flat to the ground when the rake is pushed forward......... Crankcase oil is sucked up into a glass container where it can be inspected by the motorist in a new electrical oil changer for filling-station islands. If still good, the oil’s 'pumped back; if not the machine flushes the crankcase, and new oil is put in......... Full 100 horsepower is built into a new motor of less than a foot diameter. It’s designed to drive direct-mounted cutting tools whose diameter and speed must be held to a minimum. . . Railroads use this new tractor welder for reclaiming battered rail ends, frogs, etc. It can travel along road bed shoulders without interfering with rail traffic “IT’S new ideas that break depressions,” one busi ness man writes. “We know because our plant is still working 24 hours a day to keep up with orders on a new whistling tea kettle made of copper.” A new electric pencil sharpener is said to produce a perfect point in an instant at the flick of a switch......... There’s a new double-purpose electric tool which serves either as a drill or hammer. It’s used to drill, chip and channel concrete, brick, wood, also to chip, steel plates and drive light rivets.......... A new electrical machine for the butcher shop removes the viscera from a chicken, lops off feet and head, in eight seconds. It’s said to adjust itself automatically to chickens weighing two to eight pounds, handles fresh killed or chilled fowls......... A machine which automatically candles and then grades eggs according to weight has been developed. Eggs of the same weight are deposited in bins, ten classifications being provided. Milk bottles, cheese, butter and lard containers are now being molded from cellulose which is then impregnated with a new tasteless, odorless, wax-like material. Nonbreakable, nonsoftening, they can be had in any solid color......... A wire-stayed fiberboard container has been developed for nails, bottle caps and other metal products. The container can be knocked down, is said not to bulge under pressure. . . Hot water at constant temperature is supplied by a new volume water-heating system. The system brings succes sive quantities of water to full heat before passing them to storage or use......... Especially timely is the new device for quickly determining alcoholic content of liquids. Correct percentages, read directly from a scale, are said to be determined under any conditions......... —Paul H. Hayward Editor’s Note—Material for this page is gathered from the many sources to which Nation’s Business has access and from the flow of business information into our offices in Washington. Further information on any of these items can be had by writing Nation’s Business. July, 1933 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 13 The Smuggling of Onions and Men in China By Edmund W. Schedler My conception of smuggling, as carried on todav, has been largely formed by the adver tisements of the Jewelers Protective Association which appear in the Sunday magazine section of the Nev York Times. I have learned that if a friend of mine purchases a diamond solitaire for his wife in Amsterdam on their second honeymoon and the proud wife takes it into the United States with the stone coyly turned to the palm of her hand, I can receive personally a good portion of the penalties imposed upon my friends should I anonymously ‘ squeal” on them to the U. S. customs authorities, or to the vigilant Jewelers Association. And then we have all read about the false heels on the shoes, the hollow unbrella handle, the false bottom in the trunk, and the tricky books. Continuous smuggling goes on today in all of the China ports. It involves new commodities and is accepted as a common everyday practice by participants, observers, and customs officials alike. Everything from human beings to onions is smuggled, probably more baskets of onions than human beings. Last May, my wife and 1 made the round trip out of Hongkong on the Douglas liner Hai Yang to Swatow, Amoy and Foochow, calling at the same ports on the return, a nineday trip in all. We were greatly interested, and at times amused, at the flagrant smuggling which any casual visitor can observe, if he keeps his eyes open for it. Our first contact with the age old practice was in Hongkong. The boat was delayed an hour in sailing while the compradore staff searched the boat from prow to stern, between decks and amongst the cargo for third-class passengers who were hiding aboard without tickets or means to pay for one. We did not see any of the would-be-passengers, but were told that several were aboard. We found that in each port, after all the documents were in order, the first officer and part of the Chinese staff, scoured below decks for elusive non paying passengers, before the ship sailed. This was part of the regular routine. We arrived outside Swatow early the follow ing morning, but were not in the Han River harbor until well after sun-up, as the Chinese authorities will not let ships enter except during specified hours. The ship worked its way up the channel, passing swarms of fishing boats, each boat propelled by two or more men, work ing one oar from a standing position on the extreme edge of the boat. They pushed the oars and seemed, at a distance, to resemble Egyptian bas-reliefs. We were met near the anchorage by many sampans, both freight and passenger, as the cargo and passengers are all lightered ashore, some 200 yeards away. I noticed that on deck there were several lengths of hose connected to the water pumps, the same hose that the sailors use for washing down the decks. Presently I saw the reason. A huge empty sampan with about 20 chattering, gesticulating Chinese women, tried to come alongside. The bosun repeatedly warned them to stay off, but they optimistically edged in. As a last measure, the hoses were brought into play and a shower bath was given-to the oncoming Amazons who retreated, adequately and forcefully berating the sailors in good Swatow. I turned to the ship’s officer for an explana tion. “Those are women smugglers who are trying to get aboard and smuggle out sugar. They have some friends in the crew or among the passengers, and if you could watch them closely, you would see that each has a vest underneath her jacket. This vest has many pockets and she will manage to fill each pocket with loose sugar. If those 20 women got aboard, in a half hour’s time you would see them going ashore the “fattest” Chinese women in Swatow. Their "fat” would be sugar. A 100% duty on sugar explains this illegal enterprise. Sure enough, late that afternoon, I saw two Chinese women get off the ship on to a passenger sampan from the gangway. One of them flung open her outer jacket to adjust an inner garment, which was one of the vests the ship’s officer had told me about. The pockets were swollen with sugar. The bulging garment reminded one of those close fitting cork life saving jackets. I was told that there is a considerable amount of smuggling of sugar in the package form and in small sacks by the sampans meeting ships outside of the harbor. They estimate that if they start with three sampans and can land a cargo of two out of the three, having only one sampan confiscated, that the expedition shows a nice profit. Returning to the ship after strolling around Swatow, we had to walk the length of the cus toms pier, to reach the tender. Midway down the pier, we came on to a group of Chinese surrounding a uniformed official, his two assis tants and a very voluble would-be-ship’s pas senger. One did not need to understand Chinese to follow the scenario. The passenger had been caught with several hundred silver dollars in his possession, wrapped in rolls of about 40 dollars each in old newspapers. The Customs official in his peremptory search had discovered the bumps on his person, made him dig up the silver, which is not exportable as there is an embargo on it. The passenger was doing a great deal of talking to free himself but was not having much success so we passed on to the tender leaving one smuggler in the coils of the law. The price of silver varies between any two towns. An Amoy dollar and a Hongkong dol lar have different values. Normally, a Swatow and a Canton dollar have the same value, and the Amoy and the Foochow dollar have the same value. The number of copper cents of “small money”, payable for one dollar “big money”, varies from town to town, and is the cause of much actual interchange of copper cents. While we were in Amoy, the copper cents in Canton were very cheap, the cheapest in years and the newsboys, bootblacks, and road side vendors were having a very great difficulty in making a living as their medium was the copper cent. Foodstuffs were high, cents were cheap. In Amoy the copper cent was more valuable as a result and the smart merchants were smuggling copper cents out of Canton, taking them in to Amoy, and there buying Amoy dollars “big money”. I did not see the actual smuggling of copper cents but the Chineseashore told me that it was a common coastwise custom. The harbor of Amoy is a narrow channel between two islands, Amoy and Ku Lang Su, the latter being the foreign concession and the home of many wealthy Chinese. This channel is very deep, some 75 feet, and has a 23 feet rise and fall of the tide. One company, Butter field & Swires, has an accommodation for ships to tie up alongside, all other ships tie up out in the stream to buoys, and all freight and passen gers are sampanned ashore. While we were watching the stevedores un load structural iron for the new water front, we saw a passenger sampan slip up alongside the cargo sampan, hook on a mooring rope and then float idly. Presently one of the ship’s mess attendants glided out of the opening in the side of the ship from which the cargo was being unloaded and furtively made his way to the sampap, carrying several small packages under his arm. These were quickly concealed in a secret compartment of the sampan. Five minutes later the same incident was repeated, and we stood there for 20 minutes watching this attendant smuggle cube sugar, Jacob’s crackers, cigarettes, and other tinned commodities to the sampan man. I took several feet of movie film of this daylight violation of the law. “Pigeon Cargo" The most amusing occurrence of the trip was in the Pagoda Anchorage of the Min River, where all sea going vessels accept and discharge Foochow cargo. There is an import as well as an export tax on most products of China. The Foochow exporter must have his bill of lading approved by the customs office in Foochow before it can be cleared, and the sampan carry ing the cargo is then sealed. The large freight sampans make a 12-mile journey downstream and on arrival at the Pagoda Anchorage, the sampans are unsealed and the cargo placed aboard the ship, the customs official checking it against the approved bill of lading. A part of our cargo consisted of 50 baskets of onions, bound for Amoy. The Chinese Maritime Customs officer, a white Russian, on checking the cargo discovered that instead of 50 baskets, there were 60 baskets of onions, and to add insult-to the injury, two jars of lacquer had been slipped in with the onions. All of which brought an export tax and “seizure fee” of $125 Foochow on the head of the luckless shipper. The shipper tried to compromise with $50, but the customs officer stood pat. He wanted all of his money or the onions and lacquer were going ashore. There was much argument, much walking back and forth on the ship, then the customs launch moved forward from the gangway to the forward hatch. Pre sently one jar of lacquer was snubbed over the side, dropping the last two feet with a resounding thump into the customs tender. The tender stood the thump but the lacquer jar didn’t and shortly red lacquer was streamig over the bottom of the tender. The customs sailors decided to unload onions next, as the lacquer was too much of a job. Noticing the lacquered bottom of the tender, the white Russian decided to preserve his nice clean tender, overboard he went and steamed back to shore for a large sampan. Twenty minutes later he was back with the sampan and more stevedores. All this time the ship’s officers: were standing by ready to sail, everyone had said their goodbyes, and it was getting hotter and hotter on the river. When the customs tender returned, the Foo chow merchant had been able to scrape together 75 dollars more from the passengers and was able to satisfy the demand of the customs officer whom he paid, and his several baskets of onions and the half empty jar of lacquer came up over the side and into the ship. The ship’s officers were philosophical about “pigeon cargo”, as they called it. They knew and expected a certain amount of cargo to be carried not listed on the ship’s papers and free of freight charges. Their worry was to allow the ship to carry only enough “pigeon cargo” to keep the crew happy and at the same time, allow the owners to make a profit. After years of experience, that seemed to be the happy medium to take in dealing with freight smugglers and the crew. On the return trip to Amoy, the chief officer made a fine catch of 11 Chinese trying to beat their way to Hongkong. He managed to get the 11 on deck with the aid of the Sikh guards, but getting them over the side and down the gangway and off the ship was another problem. Some of the “dead heads” would lie on the floor and try to hold on to his feet begging him for mercy and free passage. Others offered supplications on their knees. Several held on to the gangway rails and withstood all pushing until the Sikh rapped their knuckles with his stick. The Chief Officer seemed to bear no malice towards them, taking the whole proceeding as a matter of course and part of his day’s work. He told me that they had to be very careful and not hurt any of the stowaways or let them fall into the sea, or the ship would be in for a lot of trouble. I asked him if they could prosecute them in Hongkong for beating their passage. He said yes, the stowaways would probably get three weeks hard labor, but somebody from the ship would have to spend several days in court and that would cost more than the punishment was worth. (Please turn to page 15. col. 3) 14 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1933 A View of Manchuria from Pu-yi’s Imperial Quarters Nora Wain: In the May Atlantic In February 1933, when I was in France, I received the following letter from a Manchu princess in residence in Manchukuo: ‘If thou couldst come to us now, thou wouldst find us different yet the same. Pu-yi sits at the opposite end of the table on which I am writing. He wears his horn-rimmed spectacles and the American trousers. He is in this hour occupied with various reports concerning matters politic, from which he is preparing what he will say tomorrow morning at the State Executive Council; but in all possible leisure now he studies Japanese and Russian, to make himself easy in these tongues as he did in English and French. Pu-yi and I thrive in this which is our natural climate. The Empress, who was in such frail health when we traveled, suffers much from the bitter weather. There is sun this afternoon and she is sleeping in a long chair set where the golden warmth comes by the western window. ‘I would tell thee of this Manchukuo wherein we are established. Our geography is all north of the Great Wall (built in fear by the Chinese two thousand years ago) which divides Manchuria from China. Our land is land which belonged to our Banners when we conquered China. ‘During our dominion over China, which endured from 1644 to 1912, we protected the purity of our race by an edict which forbade a Manchu clan member, male or female, to mate with a Chinese. We protected Manchuria, our clan homeland, from assimilation by the prolific Chinese people with another edict. No Chinese person was permitted to pass over the Great Wall, or to enter by any route, for any excuse whatsoever, except he possessed a permit. Such a permit was a highly privileged possession. It was “by leave of the Imperial Manchu Household,” “by permission of the Council of Hereditary Manchu Princes,” “by member ship in the Chinese Banner Corps.” Member ship in the Chinese Banner Corps was the privilege only of sons of those families which were regularly domiciled in Manchuria before the sixteenth century and which had persons in our ranks when we sallied south. We vigorously enforced these restrictions safeguarding the place of our origin until 1906. Then, alas, we did not! ‘We have not completed a census of our present population. In round figures, from available statistics, we know that we are 16,000,000 Manchu clan members, 750,000 registered Koreans, 250,000 domiciled Japanese, and 100,000 royalistic Russians who have sought sanc tuary here from republicanism in their birthland. The Chinese population is difficult to estimate. ‘The Chinese Professor of Economics, to whom thou and I listened together at Nankai, counted 27,000,000 of his race as migrated here since 1906. By observation I surmise 14,000,000 as more correct. But if we continue to permit Chinese entry, his total will soon be full. The migration ceased for some months following the Japanese seizure of the Chinese Govern ment offices. It is a voluminous flow now. My intellect tells me that it must be stopped. My heart tells me to blanket my intellect with pity for these bewildered Chinese farm families, who tell of the continued cruelties of civil war in Shantung, and of unmerciful treatment from the unpaid and undisciplined soldiers quartered on Hopei. ‘While on this subject of Chinese migration, I must thank thee for the lantern light thou hast thrown on world affairs for me by sending me The Pacific Area—An I liternational Survey, by George H. Blakeslee, World Peace Founda tion. In the chapter, “Manchuria,” 1 observe: ■“It was stated by some experts at the Institute of Politics at Williamstown in 1928 that Man churia could support a Chinese population of 100,000,000”. ‘I am eager to be informed as to how many of these war-weary Chinese citizenry, who are migrating from China to every foreign land that will permit them entry, the United States of America is giving sanctuary to. I have been informed, incorrectly I now presume, that thy country has an edict shutting the gate in the Chinese face. ‘It has been interesting to observe the be havior of our self-invited guests. On pilgrim ages to temples and our ancestral tombs, I have traversed a considerable part of Manchuria during the last ten months. When I first journeyed I found the Chinese sullen. Twice during my first pilgrimage 1 was called “Japanese Toad,” and once my senior bearer was spat upon. Later, after Japanese and Manchukuo troops had begun the anti-bandit raids we are conducting, I found these squatters on our countryside so apprehensive that they ran and hid in their miserable baked-mud hovels as I approached. Some weeks later I discovered that they ventured shyly to return my smile. On my last tour abroad, farmers, wives, and Background Facts When the emperor Kwang-su mounted his death couch in No vember 1908, Pu-yi was chosen Emperor -of the Banners in his stead. This made him ruler of China too, a Manchu conquest of 1644, which with the expression “we have exhausted the mandate of Heaven” he relinquished in 1912 for specified imperial quarters, courtyards, in Peking, the for bidden city, and an annuity of 4 million dollars in silver—an agree ment with the Chinese broken by Feng Yu-hsiang in his capture of Peking and a pursuit of Pu-yi and his family which caused them to throw themselves- upon the proffer ed mercy of the Japanese legation and eventually to reside in Tientsin under the security of the Japanese garrison in the Japanese conces sion. Pu-yi then asked the president of China and the emperor of Japan to help secure him the return of Manchuria, held under the autonomous government of a Chinese, Chang Tso-lin. He then got no help from either quarter, but got help from Japan last year, and his new government of Man chukuo set up by aid of alliance with Japan was recognized by Japan on the eve of the advent at Geneva of the Lytton report ad verse to Japan’s contentions con cerning Manchuria.—Ed. children cheered me with “Good! Good! Good!” ‘But there is much to be done before we can honestly accept congratulation. Our territory is more than three times the size of France and has been badly conducted for twenty-one years. To set it in order is a tremendous task. Man churia has seemingly been the favorite hunting ground of the scum of the Russian and Chinese revolutions. Our land is overrun with bandits of both races, who have organization threads running up every river channel and over every mountain. We hope, now that we have made an example of those arch-villains Su Ping-wen and Ma Chan-shan, we shall have no further disgrace in the northwest. ‘The Harbin land is an ulcer on our coun tenance. No woman of any race is safe there. Murder and kidnapping happen with the same frequency as in China. An Englishwoman was recently killed, in broad daylight, attempting to protect her three little girls. She was taking them the short distance from her home to their morning school. We need a competent force to send there, but we do not yet have men to spare, as all our strength is called to protect our China border. ‘We have sufficient to occupy us within our own land, and no desire to be entangled in the affairs of our civil-war-ridden neighbor. But we have had to occupy the Chui Gate eight miles north of Shanhaikwan and send armed men into Jehol. We shall, if necessary to protect the integrity of our birthland, occupy’all the Great Wall from where it runs into the sea to the farthest reach of our southern boundary. Quarreling is an extravagance neither we nor China can afford in this era. We each need all our resources to put our own place in respectable condition. ‘The rounding of the year brings' us the following balances. We have control of the Salt, the Customs, and the Postal Services. Those employees in these organizations, of whatever nation, who refused to obey our edicts have been deposited below the Wall. ‘The Salt, in which the workers were prin cipally Japanese and Chinese, was comfortably arranged. The Japanese are our allies. The Chinese were found to be of sound common sense and glad to have salaried positions. ‘The Customs Service gave trouble. These officials were for the most part American and English—a race I find peculiar. But these affairs have smoothed. They should soon be correct. We remembered Mr. Edwardes. He was Director-General of the Chinese Customs Service (which was established for our Aunt Yehonala by Sir Robert Hart) until he was dismissed by the “little dragons” at Nanking when they came into possession of the republic an seal in 1928. We had Mr. Edwardes’s London address. We used the telegraph to speak with him. He answered “yes.” He is here. ‘For the Postal Service we have made what I think are lovely stamps. Thou canst judge for thyself, as I will enclose a set. One hundred and four main post offices and ninety-seven branches offices are staffed. Letters and par cels are traveling by train, by air, by motor, by cart, by boat, by camel, and by man-foot. The outer world is waking to consciousness that we have a Postal Service. Japan and Russia send us bags of mail; also France, Norway, Italy, Holland, and Sweden. The Post Office of Canada has sent us a Verification Certificate regarding postal matters. We have signed and returned it. More recently we have received a questionnaire from the General Post Office in New York, which we have gladly answered. The Southampton, England, Postmaster sends us letters ana parcels with commendable reg ularity. China does not see our stamps. We have the same blindness for China’s stamps. Communication is by hand-passage. ‘As we have already written to thee, we want thee to visit us when the ice goes out of our rivers. Thou art of simple taste, so we feel we can invite thee, but 1 must warn thee that our life is more frugal than thou canst perhaps imagine. Even the luxuries our Tientsin residence pos sessed are done without. Our court draws no salary and spends nothing beyond what is necessary for food and shelter. We have not had a foot of silk since we came up; our gar ments of state are the clothes we had when tnou last sawest us. Thou knowest well, and sharest, my delight in Chinese theatricals. We do not spend a cash in the hire of actors. But the flowers of our land are exquisite in their brief season. The rippling waterfalls and our many birds make sweet music. ‘This year we have taken tiny taxes from the farmers and shopkeepers. In cases beyond count we have had to forgive default of pay ment. This must be our policy for a generation. We want our land to be again a land of pros perous people. The race bred here must be virile and strong to survive the stern climate and to maintain our three-cornered position between Japan, Russia, and China. Our children must be well fed and properly clad. The standard of their living must be high. Dur(Continued on page 17) July, 1933 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 15 Japan Seeks More Trade with Philippines TVT Photo Recent Delegation of Japanese Peers to Manila Front row, left to right:—Kischichiro Oka, Katsutaron Inabata, Dr. Yasushi Hijikata, Masanosuke Kato, Viscount Kiko Okochi, and Shintaro Kumeta. Back row, left to right:— Tobukei Tanaka, Baron Yoshishisa Saki, Baron Masatane Inada, Jiro Kobayashi, Mr. Inabata, Jr., and Mr. Oka, Jr. Chairman of the delegation of Japanese peers who visited the islands late in June and eaTly in July was Dr. Yasushi Hijikata. Following is a portion of an interview with Dr. Hijikata from the Manila Daily Bulletin of July 6: “Any trade agreement that may be entered into between Japan and the Philippines must be in accord with existing treaties between Japan and the United States and must have the sanc tion of the United States,” declared Dr. Yasushi Hijikata, chairman of the delegation of Japanese peers who left Manila yesterday afternoon. Dr. Hijikata gave a special interview a few hours prior to the departure of the delegation, which left on the Dollar liner President JackA number of prominent persons in the city, including Gregorio Nieva, secretary of the Philip pine legislative trade commission that visited Japan last April, and several local Japanese residents, went to Pier 7 to bid the party goodbye. From Hongkong the delegation will go to Japan direct on a Japanese steamer. In the course of the interview, Dr. Hijikata pointed out the great latent and potential re sources of the Philippines. He said for many years yet to come this country will remain agricultural. He visualized the tremendous possibilities for development. For this purpose, he said the Philippines needs capital and labor. “It would be- advisable,” he declared, “if corporations jointly capitalized by Filipinos, Americans and Japanese could be formed for investment here and for the development of the vast resources of the country. As to labor, Japan can furnish all that the Islands may need. It is for this reason that Japan is encouraging to “With the development of the agricultural industries of the Islands, there is no doubt that the greater portion of their products can be easily absorbed by Japan. Our industries in the empire are in great need of raw products, and these can be supplied by the Philippines. Thus will the two countries be mutually benefit ed.” Among the products that Dr. Hijikata believes are greatly needed in Japan are mineral products, lumber, hemp and tobacco. He said that, according to information furnished him, the Philippines is rich in mineral resources. Greater effort should be exerted to develop and utilize them, he said. Smuggling... (Continued from page 13) The average Chinese has no inclination to pay customs duty because he sees no direct return for himself from the money so paid. And for that he can hardly be blamed. For centuries their public funds have been misappropriated, squandered and converted for personal uses. The money paid into the public coffers has been a donation to some overlord. While this si tuation is not true today of the modern coast wise cities, it is going toJtakeTmuch time to educate the people to take a cooperative and sympathetic view towards the necessity of meet ing legitimate tax payments. A good portion of the customs tax now collected goes to the maintenance of light houses, ships for taking care of the light houses, and for the marking and charting of coastwise waters. Neither are most of the Chinese in favor of the taxes on food stuffs, tobacco and the necessities of life. It hits them close to home. Such taxes areas unpopular as the Volstead Act was in the United States and are evaded as frequently as Americans evaded the Volstead Act, with even more reason for doing so. IMPORTERS 8c EXPORTERS OSAKA IBAZAIR OSAKA MANILA CEBU DAVAO WHOLESALE 8b RETAIL LINE OF BUSINESS FANCY GOODS CHINA WARE GLASS WARE ENAMEL WARE SILK & COTTON PIECE .GOODS TOYS & TOILET ARTICLES HARBERDASHERY, ETC. SCHOOL SUPPLIES SPORTING GOODS GROCERIES CARPENTER’S TOOLS MARINE ENGINES DRUGS DRY GOODS, ETC. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 16 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1933 Senator Hidrosollo Entertains for General Cox 7 IT Photo General Creed F. Cox, chief of the insular affairs bureau, who visited officially in the Philippines late in June and early in July, was the guest of honor Wednesday, June 28, of Senator Ludovico Hidrosollo, at the Manila Hotel. During General Cox’s visit here he had many conferences that will assist his adminis tration of Philippine matters during the most crucial period to date of the islands’ relations with the United States. Left to right in the picture: Dr. Victor Buencamino, Dr. Luther B. Bewley, President Rafael Palma of the university, Secretary Teofilo Sison of the interior and labor depart ment, General Cox, Senator Hidrosollo, Represen tative Emiliano Tria Tirana, Marcial Lichauco, C. W. Franks, Judge Rafael Corpus, General Clarence II. Bowers, Carlos P. Romulo, Rep resentative Pedro Sabido, Vice Governor John II. Holliday, Senator Sergio Osmeiia, Senator Rupcrto Montinola, Colonel Louis J. Van Schaick, Honorio Ventura, and George C. Dankwerth. LYRIC STARTING July 14th STRANGE LOVE OF MOLLY LOUVAIN with ANN DVORAK, LEE TRACY, RICHARD CROMWELL, EVALYN KNAPP, GUY KIBBEE, FRANK McHUGH COMING SOON HOT HEIRESS with BEN LYON, ONA MUNSON THE DOOR TO HELL with LEWIS AYRES, DOROTHY MATHEWS, JAMES CAGNEY BE MINE TONIGHT The Great Musical Romance and Other Special Productions TAITSHOWS MANILA OUR HOME THE FAR EAST OUR TERRITORY Trademarks Registered From April to June, 1933 Filippine ILMS INC. Filipino Talking Picture Producers Reg. No. 11337-A. Trademark consisting of the words “MARKA I’ALAKA” with a design, for tea, registered on April 21, 1933, by Ang An Pang, of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11337-B. Trademark consisting of the words ‘ANIS LAS CADENAS” with a design, for anisette brandy, registered on April 24, 1933, bv Hijos de Pablo Esparza, of Villava (Navarra) Spain. Reg. No. 11338. Trademark consisting of the words “RADIOSALIL” with a design, for chemicals, medicines and pharmaceutical preparations, registered on April 25, 1933, by Pedro Vinas Dordal, of Barcelona, Spain. Reg. No. 11339. Trademark consisting of the word SEDOBRINA with a design, for chemicals, medicines and pharmaceutical prepa rations, registered on April 25, 1933, by Pedro Vinas Dordal, ofeBarCCReg’ Noal11340. Trademark consisting of the word “UROMIL”, with a design, for chemicals, medicines and pharmaceutical preparations, registered on April 25, 1933, by Pedro Vinas Dordal, of Barcelona, SPReg. No. 11341. Trademark consisting of the word “KASUGA” with a design, for chemicals, medicines and pharmaceutical preparations, registered on April 25, 1933, by Pedro Vinas Dordal, of Barcelona, PReg. No. 11342. Trademark consisting of the letters “RCA” within a circle and the representation of a talking machine, a dog and the words “HIS MASTER’S VOICE” within a circle, for films adapted for repro(Please turn to page 20) Trade-Mark, Designs, Registration Copyrights—Trade Names (In Philippines or United States') Reasonable Service Charges GRANITE & MARBLE MONUMENTS, MAUSOLEUMS FRANK LEWIS-MINTON Telephones 2-54-22—2-11-26 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 17 July, 1933 A View of Manchuria... (Continued from page H) ing the regime of Chang-Tso-lin and his son, in which both “government” and bandit taxes were recognized as a part of the cost of living, our people had a starvation diet and poor shelter. They must be nourished. ‘Our foreign trade is flourishing. IVe now have a trade balance of more than SI,000,000,000—all in less than a year. We have also a great «many Western visitors bidding extra vagantly against each other for purchase of our minerals and our forests. This may make us appear rich. But there is no money for pleasure. Our receipts must be spent in equipping a police and a defense force. ‘We have no expense along our thousands of miles of seacoast. This is assured by our friendly relation with our cousin-racc, the From Judge. Youthful One (Standing):—I just called up home and junior answered the ’phone—imagine! four years old and his voice is changing! GORDON DRY r',c heart, T KT °f a g°°d (jlJXI cocktail BLACK & WHITE Scotch Whisky Popular Because Pleasant Kuenzle & Streiff IMPORTERS 343 T. Pinpin Tel. 2-39-36 Manila, P. I. Japanese. It would be fatuous to pretend that Manchukuo has been established and is main tained by our own volition. We could not have returned to our rightful place without Japanese consent. Manchu men, women, and children were massacred in every province in China in 1911 and 1912. Our homes were leveled, our wealth taken. We were thus shattered in numbers and in strength. But twenty-one years have passed. A new generation has sprung from “us who survived.” I myself have given life to nine healthy sons. ‘liven so, as long as Japan was content with a Chinese Governor north of the Wall, we could not take our rightful place. Japan was content with Chang Tso-lin, the daring Chinese ex bandit, who seized control and made himself Dictator of the autonomous state of Manchuria. He was a man who kept his word. But when his heir failed to respect Japanese treaties, causing Japan to make a military occupation to protect her investments, the Emperor of Japan was willing to confer with us. ‘We have made a treaty of mutual benefit. This treaty is public paper for all who wish to read. It does.not give any concession or right which Japan did not already possess by pre existing treaties and agreements, but it assures Japan that the government in Manchuria recognizes these treaties. In return for our signature, Japan agreed to give us military assistance in the establishment and main tenance of national security. ‘Thou knowest the persuasion by which I’u-yi and his Empress arrived here. But perhaps thou dost not know that, while the carrier was a Japanese gunboat, his transport had the sanction of Princes and Princesses of each of our eight Banners. Pu-yi had been bitten by the flea of republicanism. Drastic treatment was necessary to remind him that he is Emperor of Banners. ‘Now that he has come to his rightful place as leader of his own people in the land of Manchu origin, he understands much that bewildered him a year ago. He is content with circum stance. I think that thou wouldst immediately notice that, although he has retained his natural simplicity, he has developed amazingly.’ Applications received by the San Francisco Branch of the Regional Agricultural Credit Corporation as of June 7, 1933, total over S14,362,295, according to E. W. Wilson, Manager of the Corporation. More than 2,160 applications out of a total of 3,600 received by that office have been ap proved, amounting to over S7,000,000. Over $3,000,000 of this amount has been advanced to growers and livestock owners and the balance is being disbursed on a budget basis, as needed. Loans made by the Credit Corporation cover every kind of fruit and field crop grown in Cali fornia, as well as vegetables and livestock. “The material strengthening of prices to growers on many California crops is encouraging to growers and will help toward rehabilitating California agriculture,” says Mr. Wilson. “Prices for dried fruits have been strengthening mate rially. Growers are being offered prices for their dried apricots substantially above last year’s. The successful drive of the California prune industry to maintain the California Prune Pool keeps this important stabilizing factor in the prune industry. Our prune borrowers report considerable interest by packers in contracting their unsold lots. The low stocks of canned fruits, of which there is a total of less than one and a quarter million unsold at this time in the hands of all canncrs, including cherries, pears and peaches, has brightened the canning fruit situation. “Canning peach borrowers report to us a decided activity and interest on the part of canners to contract their 1933 requirements at substantially firm prices. Activities of various cannery groups toward the formulation of an industry program taking advantage of the new Federal Industry control legislation to embrace peaches and probably all canned fruits, will undoubtedly lend strength to the canning fruit situation in California, especially as the pear growers in many districts are working toward some control of the shipments and elimination of low quality pears, and any surplus of canning peaches would be small compared with the surplus of previous years. In line with general present governmental policy applied to crop and farm activities, this Corporation is lending its aid in a reasonable way to all constructive marketing movements. "Prices of beans, rice, barley, wheat and hops have all improved. Wool has nearly doubled in price the last sixty days, and many other farm products are taking strength from the general improvement that all business is feeling. The year 1933 promises improvement to the California farmer.” IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 18 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1933 Thord-Robinson: Soldier of Fortune By H. W. Lombard In command of a company of the famous Philippine Constabulary with which I had been in the field in the north central part of Luzon, I had been called to Manila and told that certain military steps were to be taken in Mindanao with a view to putting a stop to a general unrest which seemed to be affecting the Moros. This meant that I was to bring my company into Manila, draw new equipment and supplies and sail for the Northern Coast of Mindanao. A short period in Manila and off we went for Mindanao. We sailed for Iloilo, on the Island of Panay, and there we were to wait for a CoastGuard Cutter which was to pick us up and take us to a point on the Northern Coast of Mindanao and-there dump us off on the edge of the jungle to shift for ourselves. The prospect was pleasing to me and the men were tickled pink with the prospect of field service in Mindanao. On the trip down, their principal talk was of fighting in general and more specifically of the new women whom they would conquer. When we got to Iloilo we found no coast guard cutter so I put my men up in the local Constabulary cuartel and myself went to live with Captain Bobby Page, the provincial com mander. He was quite a little older than I and much senior. We were good friends and I settled down to wait for our boat. The following Sunday morning, Page and I were sitting on his veranda when the whistle announcing the arrival of the boat from Manila sounded. He lived on the main road leading from the muelle to the town and soon the passengers came drifting by all intent on getting quickly to their respective destinations. We watched them pass, a heterogeneous kalaidoscopic crowd shading from sun blackened field hands through the paler clerk class to paler aristocrats. Page replying in kind to the friendly salutations and greetings shouted by those who knew him. At the very last, up the road in the distance came a tall figure which we knew intuitively and instantly to be that of •a white man. He strode briskly along under the blazing sun and I shall never forget the way his brilliantly polished riding boots glistened and gleamed as his legs moved back and forth. They were without doubt the shiniest booths I have ever seen. As he came nearer we could see that he was tall, erect and rangy; and that while well worn his riding breeches and khaki shirt were immacu lately clean and well starched. He also wore at the correct military angle a well weathered campaign hat. He was followed by an Ilongo boy who carried a clothing and a bedding roll. As he approached, Page stepped to the edge of the porch and called to him, inviting him to come up and have a drink. He accepted, and when he got to us it was easily seen that here was an educated man, a man of breeding and we felt that in his acceptance he had conferred a favor on us. It is difficult for me to describe a man’s face. His was striking, thin, weather beaten, intelligent and attractive. His voice was of beautifully modulated Oxford quality. He was, in all, a gentleman who knew how to be a guest. Page explained ov.er the whiskey-soda that he was the provincial commander, that he would have to report to him on the morrow and fill in a personal questionaire, since the government at Manila insisted on knowing where all white men in the Philippines were. The idea seemed normal to him and he gave his name as Ivan Thord-Robinson. Aside from his name and the fact that he was thirty-four years old, single and English, he gave us no formal personal history. But later, at lunch, his conversation indicated that he had been in South America, although he left us in the air as to what coun tries he had visited. Lunch that day was an enjoyable function and stands out as one of the most interesting at which I have ever assisted. I don’t know why, since nothing out of the ordinary was said by any of us. Our guest was a charming conver sationalist, but aside from telling us why he had come, said nothing about his past. It was just an occasion when three strangers who found each other thoroughly congenial had met under the roof of a genia;l host in a far country. I shall never forget the charm of Thord-Robinson nor my admiration of his style of speech, his choice of words and his calm easy mannerism. He seemed to be intensely interested in us and in our service. So interested that almost during the entire lunch he devoted himself to drawing us out. And we, so proud of the feats of our men, their bravery under fire, their shoot ing ability, their soldierly qualities, the heroism of our outstanding officers, the traditions of our corps, were led to story after story, viewing with each other, Page florifying his Visayan troops and I my soldiers from northen Luzon until his eyes were shining, and his voice rang with a splendid toast to the men of the khaai and red. His story was short, and after he finished we found that all we knew about him was that he had come to the Philippines because he had heard that here was a native army officered by white men and he wanted to join it. Great was his disappointment at learning that in order to secure a commission one must be an American citizen and a graduate of an Amer ican college or university. Having heard that a railroad was being built on the Island of Panay, he had come to the headquarters of the American engineer to secure employment. That was his story and told us why he was with us. The next morning took him over to the office of the chief engineer, where he was taken on as a time-keeper for one of the up-country grading camps at $75 a month. We saw him off, and as the construction train rolled out of Iloilo I felt that I had seen the last of a soldier of fortune and a gentleman but such was not to be. In due course my coastguard came, picked us up, and in a few days dumped us on a lovely beach at the edge of a jungle as beautiful and alluring as a siren—and as faithless. There followed a few months of hard and interesting campaigning and then into the “jewel town” of Zamboanga and back to our station at Dagupan to pick up again the threads of assisting in the preservation of law and order among the 500,000 souls of the great province of Pangasinan. Time went on. Except for minor disturbances of no importance and the occasional pursuit of roving bands of cattle thieves, interspersed with the regular round of drills, guard mounting and social contacts at the provincial capital, 13 kilometers away, nothing happened and I took leave and visited Manila. Page had been to the States, married. On his return to Manila he had resigned and was now comfortably settled as the resident secretary of a large Canadian life insurance company. His home became a daily heaven of refuge at tea time. After I had left Iloilo for Mindanao, he told me, an inspection trip had taken him up-country. He had met Thord-Robinson and had invited him to spend his week-ends at Iloilo. His invitation had been accepted and Page said that he had enjoyed the visits more than ne ever had with any other man. Thord-Robinson had never told any more about himself, but had proved to have those masculine qualities which enabled him to radiate companionship even though he and Page did nothing but sit together with their pipes and smoke. One day, several months later, he had appeared with his clothing and bedding roll and told Page that he was away. He had heard that the French had a native army in French Indochina, that it was officered by whites and he was off to give it a whirl. Page had heard from him several times and dug out his most interesting letters for me to read. To me they were all too brief and told a fascinating story. He had arrived at Saigon and there found that it was true that the French had native troops, but the officers were all French. There was no room for him and nothing to do but move on, so he had boarded a dirty little Chinese trading steamer captained by an Englishman who had spent 30 years on the China coast and had gone to Java. In some way he had found that the Dutch had native troops officered by white men and that they were busily engaged in punitive expeditions against the Achmets, wild tribes of Java or Sumatra, who had made themselves trouble some. There it was the same story. It was true that the Dutch were having trouble with their wild tribes, and it was true that they had a native army. But the officers and leading non commissioned officers were Dutch and the positions were only available to whites of that nationality. Here was an impasse. Thord-Robinson had traveled far and long to achieve his purpose. His quest had led him across a continent and wide seas and he had met nothing but set-backs. His letters said nothing about disappointment, however, but here was action which he had determined to get in on in some way or other. Taught by his experience in Saigon, he had not made the mistake of applying to the Dutch commandant. In conversation around town and at the hotel he had satisfied himself as to his ineligibility, but the will to stay and see was indomitable. At first he decided to represent himself as a writer and ask to be allowed to go to the turbulent area in search of material. This impulse was stifled in time and he abandon ed the idea upon learning that Dutch officialdom was unalterably opposed to publicity in con nection with any other activity than that depict ing industry, agriculture and the generally peaceful conditions in their overseas empire. However, he did hear that their transport in the mountains was faulty and unsatisfactory in that they depended on cargadores, which meant that all ammunitions, equipment and food supplies were carried on the backs or heads of friendly natives. Here was his chance. Calling on the chief quartermaster, he told him of the wonderfully satisfactory work done by mules in other armies. Working desperately against apathy, indifference and disbelief, and carrying his fight to higher quarters he finally persuaded them to try it out in a limited way. This meant employment in a civilian capacity, a short trip to China with a Dutch officer to buy the mules, and their training, together with personnel, on his return. Altogether he had spent about 9 months, had visited and worked in the troublesome sector and was now ready to seek other fields wherein he could be active as a belligerent. About this time Italy was having trouble with her colony in Algiers. Among her troops was a foreign legion and there in the first contingent to leave for African shores was Ivan ThordRobinson, gentleman and soldier of fortune. His letters did not say how long he had been in Africa, nor how long a legionnaire. But they did contain a small photo showing a field piece, a few' spiggatty soldiers lined up, and out in front our friend, now a captain in Madera’s army in Mexico. Back to my station. The interesting and busy routine of company administration; forma tions, patrols, inspection and supervision of the 23 municipal police forces in my district together w’ith hunting and sports absorbed my time and I thought infrequently of our gentlemen adven turer. Others had swum in and out of my life and his memory dimmed. Came 1914. The drums of war were beating and I felt that we were losing out. The jungle of accountrements, the roll of the guns, the smell of the powder were incessantly with me in our peaceful country and when in 1917 Amer ica went in I was soon a civilian en route to the (Please turn to page 25) July, 1933 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 19 COPRA AND ITS PRODUCTS By Kenneth B. Day and Leo Schnurmacher With prices of all basic commodities, including competing oils and fats, on the upgrade, copra and coconut oil stood out in June as two of the very few exceptions to the rule and not only did these commodities fail to gain, but they registered a distinct loss in the prime markets of the world. Copra: Local copra prices during June followed American oil and copra markets and in doing so, declined perceptibly from the beginning of tha month to very near the end of it. This decline covered a spread of from P5.70 maximum to 1*5.20 minimum with all indications at the end of the month pointing to a continued weakness due to the great press of local arrivals. Arrivals for the month were exceptionally high, totalling 412,000 sacks for Manila and 350,000 sacks for Cebu, the latter figure the second highest month in Cebu’s history. Manila receipts were over twice as large as during June 1932 and Cebu receipts over 75% greater. This great press of copra caused buyers to be very wary and placed them in a position where they were forced to turn away copra for fear that they would be overstocked with stagnant outside markets. The Pacific Coast copra market gradually declined throughout the month and starting with 1.70 cents on the 1st, was only worth .1.57-1/2 at the end of the month. Even at these figures there was considerable selling for July-August shipment and there probably would have been more had it not been for the European situation. Very suddenly and somewhat unexpectedly, the conference rate of freight on copra to Europe was dropped on June 27th from 63/ - per ton 52/6. This, combined with the improvement in the London copra market and in £-Exchange made European copra business possible and approximately 5,000 tons of copra, chiefly from Cebu, were sold to Europe within a very few days. This did much to take the pressure off the market and the month ended with sellers in an easier position and buyers sufficiently supplied for the moment and, therefore, not anxious. Most of the European business was done at prices ranging from £11/ - / - to £10/10/0d., the European market declining as additional offers were made. Shipments for the month totalled the very high figure of 36,800 tons over 24,000 tons of which went to the Pacific Coast. The Gulf took 5800 tons, Europe 4200 and the Atlantic Coast only 1500. Approximately 60% of this total was shipped out of Cebu. In spite of this, stocks of copra in sellers’ possession at the end of June were at an extremely high mark, partic ularly for this time of the year and there was nearly 41,000 tons on hand, with the heavy season coming on, contrasting with only about 1/4 this quantity a year ago. Coconut Oil:. Coconut oil touched its high mark for the year of 3-3/8 cents, c. i. f. N. Y. the first few days of June. Then with sellers offering freely for prompt shipment, the expected happened and buyers began to back away until, at the end of the month, there were sellers at 3 cents with buyers only interested for the end of this year or early 1934. Throughout the month buyers were cautious and comparatively little real business was done. Shipments for the month totalled 8800 tons, a rather small amount, everything considered. Of this 6400 tons was destined for the Atlantic Coast, 1250 for the Pacific Coast and just over 1000 for the Gulf. With these small shipments, combined with fairly heavy production by all mills, coconut oil stocks at the end of June totalled over 20,000 tons or about three as much as a year ago. Cqpra Cake: The copra cake market improved slightly in June. Hamburg prices, which are now quoted in dollars, advanced from 818.50 to as high as $19.50 per ton. This improvement was reflected to a lesser degree in local purchases which advanced from P17.75 per 1000 kilos ex warehouse to as high as P19.00, most of the business passing at between P18.25 and P18.75. The Monopoly Tax on cake in Germany was reduced from 110 marks to 60 marks, which was still prohibitive. In addition, it was rumored that the Swedish Government is considering applying a duty of 20 Swedish Crowns per 1000 kilos on all foreign oil cakes. This, com bined with generous stocks, induced local mills to sell very freely partic ularly for July-August shipment and, as a result, at the end of the month, most of the mills were sold out for any shipment prior to September, a healthy position for this time of the year. On June 30th the cake business was very dull, with sellers not interested and buyers making only occa sional offers. 9900 tons of cake were shipped out during the month, all of it, with the exception of 735 tons of meal for the Coast, going to Scandinavian buyers. Stocks on hand still totalled nearly 7900 tons but this amount will all be moved within the next 45 days. Prospects for future business are very uncertain. Desiccated Coconut: Desiccated coconut is the only coconut product which actually improved in price in June. With demand steady and ship ments moderate, desiccated prices on the New York market went up 1/4 cent per lb. to approximately 7-1/4 cents. Local mills were running fairly steadily and large stocks were reported on hand both in the Philippines and in the United States. Shipments during the month totalled only slightly over 1000 tons, a decrease Irom May. With the price of nuts low, desiccated manufacturers were fairly well satisfied with the situation. General: For the first six months of 1933 export figures showed the following: Copra....................................... Coconut oil............................. Copra cake............................. Desiccated coconut................ 1933 118,165 58,643 36,705 6,952 1932 50,142 58,664 36,404 7,882 M.T. M.T. M.T. M.T. M.T. M.T. M.T. The interesting feature of the above is that while the oil mills just about held their own, exports of copra increased nearly 140%, this due, undoubt edly, to a combination of large production in the Philippines and a more favorable exchange rate in foreign countries and the United States, which made Philippine copra a cheaper buy than copra from other parts of the world. At the end of the month copra buyers and oil mills were in a very dif ficult position. With reports rolling in indicating a bumper crop of copra in the Philippines on the one hand, with an inflated dollar pushing the prices up ofalmost all world commodities on the other, buyers were in a quandary as to what they should do or what could be expected. Ordinarily speaking, coconut oil should commence to move upward within a reasonably short period of time, but if stocks are over-plentiful, any such movement will be retarded and, so far at least, this condition has caused an actual recession in price. The proper balance between consumptive demand in inflated dollars and uncontrolled supply under favorable productive conditions will determine the future of the coconut market and buyers here face the problem of trying to foresee just where this balance will lie. RAIL COMMODITY MOVEMENTS By M. D. Royer Traffic Manager, Manila Railroad Company The volume of commodities received in Manila during the month of June, 1933, via the Manila Railroad are as follows: Rice, cavans................ 170,596 Sugar, piculs................ 117,249 Copra, piculs............... 192,269 Desiccated coconuts, in cases... 8,249 Tobacco, bales............. 4,617 Lumber and Timber, Bd. Ft. . . 348,300 The freight revenue car loading statistics for seven weeks ending June 17, 1933 as compared with the same period for the year 1932 are given below: freight revenue car loading NUMBER OF FREIGHT CARS FREIGHT TONNAGE INCREASE OR DECREASE 1933 1932 1933 1932 Cars Tonnage 1,113 944 12,650 11,114 169 1,536 70 91 680 1,023 (21) (343) 1,399 1,075 43,462 29,523 324 13,939) 3 23 3 23 1,958 664 14,696 4,724 1,294 9,972 179 287 2,401 3,517 (108) (1,116) 163 42 4,754 1,279 121 3,475 4 9 22 57 (5) (35) 73 122 801 1,108 (49) (307) 33 60 174 293 (27) (119) 459 482 5,763 5,708 (23) 55 331 463 8,714 7,821 (132) 893 12 11 73 84 1 (11) 223 264 2,925 3,280 (4D (355) 4,994 4,801 33,585 32,157 193 1,428 11,014 9,315 130,723 101,688 1,699 29,035 SUMMARY 1,365 1,101 16,852 10,018 264 6,834 1,669 1,442 21,169 17,586 227 3,583 1,719 1,340 23,013 13,924 379 9,089 1,708 1,366 20,794 15,432 342 5,362 1,514 1,372 16,716 15,097 142 1,619 1,508 1,419 15,631 17,064 89 (1,433) 1,531 1,275 16,548 12,567 256 3,981 11,014 9,315 130,723 101,688 1,699 29,035 COMMODITIES Rice................................. Palay.............................. Sugar.............................. Sugar Cane.................... Coprax............................ Coconuts......................... Molasses......................... Hemp.............................. Tobacco.......................... Livestock........................ Mineral Products......... Lumber and Timber. .. Other Forest Products. . Manufactures................. All others including LCL. Total. Week ending Saturday, May 6, 1933............. Week ending Saturday, May 13, 1933............ Week ending Saturday May 20, 1933........... Week ending Saturday, May 27, 1933............ Week ending Saturday, June 3, 1933............. Week ending Saturday, June 10, 1933........... Week ending Saturday, June 17, 1933....... Total. Note:—Figures in parenthesis indicate decrease. 20 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1933 Trademarks . . . (Continued from page 16) duction and containing recorded images, etc., registered on April 27, 1933, by RCA Victor Company, Inc., of Camden, New Jersey, U.S.A. Reg. No. 11343. Trademark consisting of the word “TARZAN”, for pomade, perfumes, lotions, etc., registered on April 29, 1933, by Masao Matsumoto, of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11344. Trademark consisting of the word “EAGLE” with a design, for siphons, registered on May 2, 1933, by S. Kishimoto, of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11345. Trademark consisting of the representation of a wreath, the lower part of which is composed of ten leaves and three blossoms, etc., for food relishing powder, re gistered on May 3, 1933, by The Natural Food Products Company, of Shanghai, China. Reg. No. 11346. Trade-name consisting of the words “CAMISERIA MATIBAY”, for the business of manufacturing and selling shirts, undershirts, drawers, pants, coats, sweaters, kimonos, etc., registered on May 4, 1933, by R. Choolani and Company, of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11347. Trade-name consisting of the words “CAMISERIA MURA”, for the business of importing and selling foreign and domestic merchandise, registered on May 4, 1933, by Navalrai Jethmal, of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11348. Trademark consisting of the word “LUX ” with a design, for hair pomade, registered on May 5, 1933, by Teodoro Kalaw Ng Khe, of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11349. Trademark consisting of the word “PALS” with a design, for cigarettes, registered on May 8, 1933, by Alhambra Cigar & Cigarette Mfg. Co., of Manila, P. 1. Reg. No. 11350. Trademark consisting of the words “KABUHAYAN CAFE” with a design, for coffee, registered on May 16, 1933, by Nazario Hidalgo, of Manila. P. I. Reg. No. 11351. Trademark consisting of the words “KABUHAYAN CAFE” with a design, for coffee, registered on May 16, 1933, by Nazario Hidalgo, of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11352. Trademark consisting of the word “HARP" with a design, for all kinds of thread and yarn, registered on May 16, 1933, by J. A. Carp’s Garenfabrieken, of Helmond, Holland. Reg. No. 11353. Trademark consisting of the distinctive flacon for perfumes, toilet waters, lotions and perfumed liquids, registered on May 16, 1933, by La Parfumerie Houbigant, Soci6t6 Anonyme, of Paris, France. Reg. No. 11354. Trademark consisting of the word “FOSFO-LECITINA” for tonic, registered on May 16, 1933, by Henry K. Wampole and Company, of Philadelphia, Pennsyl vania, U. S. A. Reg. No. 11355. Trademark consisting of the letters “U. F. A.” for motion picture films, registered on May 16, 1933, by UniversumFilm Aktiengesellschaft, of Berlin, Germany. Reg. No. 11356. Trade-name consisting of the words “EXPRESS SILK SUPPLY”, for the business of selling at wholesale and retail wearing apparel, dry goods and other articles of commerce, registered on May 16, 1933, by P. C. Ailmal & Company, of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11357. Trademark consisting of the word “RIZAL”, for ice drop freezer, and ice scraper, registered on May 16, 1933, by S. Kishimoto, of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11358. Trademark consisting of the word “HEMO-CALCIN” with a design, for chemicals, medicines and pharmaceutical preparations, registered on May 16, 1933, by Pedro Vinas Dordal, of Barcelona, Spain. Reg. No. 11359. Trademark consisting of the word “PALATOL” with a design, for tonic medicines, registered on May 22, 1933, by Parke, Davis & Co., of Detroit, Michigan, U. S. A. Reg. No. 11360. Trademark consisting of the word “PALATOL” with a design, for tonic medicine, registered on May 22, 1933, by Parke, Davis <!t Co., of Detroit, Michigan, U. S. A. Reg. No. 11361. Trademark consisting of the representation of an aeroplane, for crayons, registered on May 23, 1933, by Sigeru Naka shima, of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11362. Trademark consisting of the words “COLUMBIA PICTURES” with a design, for motion picture photoplays, re gistered on May 23, 1933, by Columbia Pictures Corporation, of New York City, N. Y., U. S. A. Reg. No. 11363. Trademark consisting of the words “DR. LYON’S” with a design, for tooth powder, dentifrices, astringents and mouth washes, registered on May 23,1933, by The R. L. Watkins Company, of New York, N. Y., U. S. A. Reg. No. 11364. Trademark consisting of the words “MARCA SENORITA REGISTRADA MENZI & CO. INC.” with a design, for papers, blotting, cigarette, carbon, copying, etc., registered on May 24, 1933, by Menzi & Co., Inc., of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11365. Trademark consisting of the word “REX” with a design, for coffee and roasted peanuts, registered on May 25, 1933, by Ah Gong Sons & Co., of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11366. Trademark consisting of the representation of a red wax impression seal, for coffee and tea, registered on May 27, 1933, by Standard Brands Incorporated, of New York City, N. Y„ U. S. A. Reg. No. 11367. Trademark consisting of the word “DIAMALT”, for malt syrup or extract, registered on May 27, 1933, by Standard Brands Incorporated, of New York City, N. Y., U. S. A. Reg. No. 11368. Trademark consisting of the words “CHASE AND SANBORN’S”, for coffee and tea, registered on May 27, 1933, by Standard Brands Incorporated, of New York City, N. Y., IJ. S. A. Reg. No. 11369. Trademark consisting of CHARTERED BANK OF INADiAD’ cahuintaralia Capital and Reserve Fund..........................................£6,000,000 Reserve Liability of Proprietors............................... 3,000,000 MANILA BRANCH established 1872 SUB-BRANCHES AT CEBU, ILOILO AND ZAMBOANGA Every description of banking business transacted. Branches in every important town throughout India, China, Japan, Java, Straits Settlements, Federated Malay States. French Indo-China, Siam, and Borneo; also in New York. Head Office: 38 Bishopsgate, London, E. C. C. E. STEWART, Manager, Quality Printing is as essential to your business as well-tailored clothes are to the successful salesman. Attractive letterheads, bill heads, cards, envelopes, labels, etc., are silent but powerful salesman. Why not let them carry your message in the most effective way? The M.cCullough Imprint ensures quality printing and all that it implies. McCullough service means expert supervision and the intelligent hand ling of your printing problems. Whatever your printing needs may be, you are assured the utmost satisfaction when McCullough does the job. May we serve you? McCullough printing co. Division of Philippine Education Co., Inc. 101 ESCOLTA Phone 21801 MANILA, P. I. the words “SEAL BRAND”, for coffee and tea, registered on May 27, 1933, by Standard Brands Incorporated, of New York City, N. Y., U. S. A. Reg. No. 11370. Trademark consisting of the word ‘ARKADY”, for dough improver, registered on May 27, 1933, by Standard Brands Incorporated, of New York City., N. Y., U. S. A. Reg. No. 11.371. Trademark consisting of the representation of a central diamond-shaped figures, for dough improver, registered on May 27, 1933, by Standard Brands Incorporated, of New York City, N. Y., U. S. A. Reg. No. 11372. Trademark consisting of the words ‘SUPERIOR MEJOR” with a design, for matches, registered on May 31, 1933, by M. L. Loy, of Manila, P. 1. Reg. No. 11373. Trademark consisting of the words “JACOB & CO’S” with a design, for biscuits, registered on May 31,1933, by W. & R. Jacob & Co., Limited, of Dublin, Ireland. Reg. No. 11374. Trademark consisting of the word “ESPECIALES” for biscuit, registered on June 1, 1933, by Chin Sa*, of San Jose, Antique, P. I. Reg. No. 11375. Trade-name consisting of the words “AMERICAN IMPORTER COM PANY” ALIPIO DIZON, for a grocery and general merchant store, etc., registered on June 1, 1933, by Alipio Dizon, of Manila, P. 1. Reg. No. 11376. Trademark consisting of the word “CO-ED” with a design, for cigarettes, registered on June 1, 1933, by the Sweet Dreams Aromatic Cigarettes Company, Incorporated, of Manila, P. 1. . Reg. No. 11377. Trademark consisting of the words “LIFEBUOY HAIR POMADE”, for hair pomade, registered on June 3, 1933, by Teodoro Kalaw Ng Khe, of Manila, P. I. (Please turn to page 26) IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1933 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 21 SHIPPING REVIEW By H. M. Cavender General Agent, The Robert Dollar Co. Our reports for the past few months have shown record totals, and May shipments amount ing to 236,734 tons, we believe, make a new re cord. Sugar shipments to the Atlantic Coast, amountingto 165,000tons, are mainly responsible for the large total. Of the other items to the Atlantic Coast, coconut oil and copra fell off very considerably. Hemp ship ments remained about on a level with the pre vious month, while desiccated coconut ship ments showed quite a satisfactory increase. To China and.Japan, t he main items, hemp and lumber, continue in good volume although both dropped from the previous month. To the Pacific Coast, coconut oil shipments again increased, while copra shipments amount ing to 9,500 tons were by far the best for several years. Hemp for Pacific Coast Local Delivery showed a nice increase, while for Overland Delivery there was only one small shipment. China and Japan... 11,191 with Pacific Coast Local Delivery............... 20,717 with Pacific Coast Over land Delivery... . 714 with Pacific Coast Inter Coastal Steamer.. 95 with Atlantic Coast........ 191,950 with European Ports. . .. 19,664 with Australian Ports... . 402 with Miscl. Sailings 44 of which 15 of which 10 of which 7 of which 40 of which 16 of which 5 of which Grand Total. . 244,733 with Cigar shipments were good, and rope and desic cated coconut fair. To European Ports, copra and copra cake and meal were good. There was also a nice ship ment of tobacco. Hemp and lumber were only fair. From statistics compiled by the Associated Steamship Lines, during the month of May there were exported from the Philippine Islands the following: Tons Sailings 1,321 were carried in American Bottoms with 10 14,039 were carried in American Bottoms with 9 472 were carried in American Bottoms with 6 76 were carried in American Bottoms with 5 22,932 were carried in American Bottoms with 9 29 were carried in American Bottoms with 2 — were carried in American Bottoms with - 95 of which 38,869 were carried in American Bottoms with 16 THE PRESIDENT LINER WORLD-WIDE SERVICE FLEET AMERICAN MAIL LINE “The Short Route to America” To SEATTLE via CHINA, JAPAN and VICTORIA Pres. Jefferson - July 19 Pres. Cleveland - Aug. 9 Pres. Jackson - ■ Aug. 23 Pres. Jefferson - Sept. 6 Summer round trip fares Manila to Seattle, San Francisco and port of Los Angeles. Available for all sailings from Manila up to July 31st, 1933. Return limit Sep tember 30th, round trip for one and one-fifth of the one way fare. Return limit December 31s't, round trip for one and a half fare. Through tickets from Manila to London, Havre, Bremen and other European ports issued in pounds sterling at attractively low fares DOLLAR STEAMSHIP LINES EAST OR WEST TO NIW YORK Via China-Japan, Honolulu San Francisco Panama Canal Pres. Grant - - July 29 Pres. Coolidge - Aug. 12 Pres. McKinley Aug. 26 Pres. Hoover - - Sept. 9 Pres. Lincoln - - Sept. 23 Via Suez Canal and Europe Pres. Pierce - - July 24 Pres. Monroe - Aug. 7 Pres. Van Buren-Aug. 21 Pres. Garfield - - Sept. 4 Pres. Polk------ Sept. 18 PHILIPPINE INTER-ISLAND STEAMSHIP CO. SUPERIOR INTER-ISLAND SERVICE S. S. “MAYON” sailsTuesdays at 2 P. M, from Manila to Iloilo Zamboanga, Cebu, Iloilo back to Manila. FUTURE SAILINGS July 18 July 25 Aug. 1 Aug. 8 Aug. 15 Aug. 22 FOR BOOKINGS AND INFORMATION APPLY TO: THE ROBERT DOLLAR CO. General Agents Robert Dollar Bldg., Port Area — MANILA Telephone 2-24-41 87 Escolta IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE 22 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1933 Here’s how to get Manilas! Genuine Manila Long Filler Cigars in cellophane are obtain able in your city or nearby! List of Distribut ors furupon re quest to— C. A. Bond Philippine Tobacco Agent: 15 Williams Street, New York City Collector of Internal Revenue Manila, P. I. M A NIL AS made under sanitary conditions will satisfy your taste I (Health Bulletin No. 28) Rules and Regulations for the Sanitary Control of the Factories of Tobacco Products. ‘‘Section 15. Insanitary Acts.—No person engaged in the handling, preparation, processing, manufacture, or packing of'tobacco product or supervising such employment, shall perform, cause, permit, or suffer to be permitted any insanitary act during such employment, nor shall any such person touch or contaminate any tobacco products with filthy hands or permit the same to be brought into contact with the tongue or lips, or use saliva, impure water, or other unwholesome substances as a moist ening agent; Passenger departures show a decrease -in all classes from last month’s figures. First class departures decreased from 671 to 303, and in termediate class from 666 to 478. However, the May 1933 departures compare more favorably with the May 1932 figures, which latter were 313 first class and 302 intermediate class. The annual Spring movement of Navy traffic to the China Coast having been completed, the de crease in departures is a normal trend. The following figures show the number of passengers departing from the Philippine Is lands during the month of May 1933: REAL ESTATE By P. D. Carman Addition Hills IntermcFirst diate Third Totals................................. China and Japan........................... 167 307 Honolulu.......................................... 4 7 Pacific Coast.................................. 30 47 New York....................................... 0 0 Europe via America...................... 18 24 Straits Settlements and Dutch East Indies................................. 27 18 Europe and Mediterranean ports beyond Colombo......................... 21 69 America via Suez........................... 25 6 Australia.......................................... 11 0 306 15 50 1 0 2 0 0 303 478 375 Mr. J. A. J. W. Nieuwenhuis,General Manager of the Java-China-Japan Line, arrived on the J.C.J.L. S.S. Tjikembang June 2nd. After making an inspection of the Philippine Territory with the local manager, Mr.G.C. Mann, includ ing a round trip to the Southern Islands on the S.S. Mayon, Air. Nieuwenhuis sailed for Hong kong on the S.S. Empress of Japan June 12th. Mr. J. M. Major, Travelling Auditor of the Dollar Steamship Lines, sailed on June 26th aboard the S.S. President Harrison for Singapore. After visiting Singapore, Penang, Colombo, and Bombay Offices, Mr. Major will proceed to the United States via Europe on home leave. TOBACCO REVIEW By P. A. Meyer Alhambra Cigar and'Cigarette Mfg. Co. Rawleaf: The market continues to be exceedingly quiet. Stocks in Manila and prov inces do not move. Exports during the past months were small. Shipments to the United States consisted exclusive ly of Scrap Tobac co. Details are as follows: Rawleaf Stripped Tobacco and Scraps China..................................................... 11,414 Gibraltar............................................... 5,900 Hongkong.............................................. 30,622 Java ................................................ 630 North Africa........................................ 5,589 North Atlantic (Europe)...................... 5,157 Straits Settlements............................... 476 United States....................................... 62,900 122,688 Ci cars: Exports to the United States again suffered a decline during June as shown by the following figures: Period dears June, 1933......................................... 10,596,858 June 1932.......................................... 12,250,983 January-June, 1933.......................... 00,866,671 January-June, 1932.......................... 78,574,203 An increase of about a hundred thousand pesos over June of last year. The following are the totals for tjje first half of the year since 1928: 1929 ........ P 10,760.037 1930 ........ 9,577,979 1931 ........ 11,740,959 1932 ........ 4,659,690 1933 ........ 5,646,562 Sales City of Manila May, 19SS June, 1033 Sta. Cruz......................... P 62,952 P 93,357 Sampaloc......................... 127,677 73,501 Tondo............................... 58,214 71,832 Binondo........................... 2,896 136,200 San Nicolas..................... 61,700 18,800 Ermita............................. 98,236 46,830 Malate............................. 56,727 179,844 Paco................................. 23,998 11,290 Intramuros...................... San Miguel..................... 600 31,000 Sta. Mesa.................. Quiapo............................. 155,500 34,800 Sta. Ana........................... 22,500 41,111 Pandacan......................... 2,350 3,326 Philippine Acetylene Co. 281 CALLE CRISTOBAL, PACO MANILA, P. I. P673,350 P741,891 BATTERIES Prest-O-Lite Electric Stor age Batteries OXYGEN Compressed Oxygen 99.5% pure HYDROGEN Compressed Hydrogen 99.8% pure ACETYLENE Dissolved Acetylene for. all purposes WELDING Fully Equip ped Oxy-Ace tylene Weld ing Shops. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1933 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 23 LUMBER REVIEW By ARTHUR F. FISCHER Director of Forestry 1 The total lumber and timber exports for the month of March reg istered an increase of 53% as compared with the corresponding month last year. This was due chiefly to increased ship ments to Japan and China. Unusually large shipments went to Japan during the month under review in anticipation of the passage of the pro posed additional tariff of about P2.00 per cubic meter on logs. The increased tariff on the Philippine product actually went into effect on March 29, 1933. The Philippine trade with China is apparently pick ing up as shown by several inquiries and actual orders placed lately. The exports to that country jumped abruptly from merely a few thousand board feet, average, during the past few months to over a million board feet during March. From all indications, the consumption of this market will this year considerably exceed that of last year. From the United States market, not a few inquiries have also been received by local producers. However, no actual increase as yet in the exports to that country has taken place; the total amount shipped during the month under review remained at low level. Total shipments to Great Bri tain for March showed a slight increase over that for the previous month. For the first time this year, the mill produc tion during the month under review exceeded that for the corresponding month in 1932. In spite of this increase, however, lumber deliveries from the mills continued to exceed the pro duction. The total lumber inventories was 34% less than the stocks at the mills at the end of March of last year. The market for hard woods continued firm during the month under review. It will be remembered that‘prices for these woods in the local markets have slightly improved since the beginning of the year. It is not likely that the improvement already attained along this line would be lost, unless production is so accelerated as to once more render the supply out of pro portion to the actual demand. For the first time, prices for lumber of the export grade reg istered slight increases. Average retail prices, as quoted by various lumber dealers in Manila on March 31, 1933, are given below. Note:—1 Cubic Meter = 424 Board Feet. Sawed Lumber Un sawn Timber Species Price per 1,000 Bd. Ft. in pesos Species Price per 1,000 Bd. Ft. in pesos Red Lauan.. 50-60 Akle......... 36-38 Tanguile. . . 55-60 Ipil........... 40 White Lauan 40-45 Yakal....... 28 Apitong....... 50-55 Guijo....... 20-25 Lumbayao . . 70-80 Narra....... 40-45 Palosapis... . 45-55 1 pe?>o = S0.50 approximately, normal rate of exchange. The present situation of the Philippine lum ber ana timber trade can not but present an optimistic outlook and bring about greater confidence among producers. The United States has actually begun buying as evidence by the resumption of inquiries and placing of orders. Her going off the gold standard has benefitted the islands’ foreign trade, particularly with China and Japan. The increased tariff on Philippine logs in the latter country is not likely to offset the advantage gained, due to favorable exchange. In Great Britain, confidence to buy has returned and this naturally will have its 9094ESCOLTA PI. ~ MASONIC TEMPLE favorable reaction in the islands. Prices, although better than last year, are to be sure still at comparatively low levels; but an active demand in the foreign markets and the upward trend of the prices for the islands’ chict staple crops, noted recently, are bound to bring about improvements along this line. There is only one thing, it is feared, that will mar the above bright prospects and that is, the indiscriminate shipment of lumber abroad with out proper grading. The following statements show the lumber and timber exports, by countries, and mill production and lumber inventory for the month of March, 1933, as compared with the corresponding month the previous year. Lumber and Timber Exports for Marell 1933 CustomsBoard Feet Declared Value Japan............ China............ United States. Great Britain. British Africa. Australia....... Canada......... Hongkong.. . . Hawaii.......... Destination Japan.................... China.................... United States.... Great Britain. . . . British Africa. . . . Australia............... Canada................. Hongkong............. Hawaii.................. Total....... 7,461,076 1*222,787 1932 Board Feet CustomsDeclared Value . 3,757,488 PP85.083 3,816 322 546,536 37,825 470,216 38,753 41,552 3,038 2,766 1,319 1,200 Totai........... ............ 4,876,424 Pl 70,306 Note:—’This represents mostly solid log scale, that is, 424 board feet to a cubic meter. Lumber Deliveries from Mills Month 1933 1932 March................. 14,978,862 11,395,976 Lumber Inventory Month 1933 1932 March................. 22,480,644 34,221,110 Mill Production Month 1933 1932 March................. 12,417,066 10,865,81 Note:—Board feet should be used. THE MANILA HOTEL LEADING HOTEL IN THE ORIENT Designed and constructed to secure coolness, sanitation and comfort under tropic climatic conditions Provides every Western convenience combined with every Oriental luxury Finest Dance Orchestra in the Far East HUBERT C. ANDERSON Management EYESIGHT SERVICE FOR twenty-five years it has been our pleasure to render the best possible service, in order that our patients might see better and be able to use their eyes without strain. In examining eyes, making glasses, or fitting frames, every step is under the personal supervision of a graduate registered Optometrist, and we constantly strive to make our work perfect. Always the best in quality but never higher in price. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF CQMMERCE JOURNAL 24 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1933 An Oldtimer Dies Fred A. Seymour died in Manila Friday, June 30, after a painful illness at St. Luke’s of about a week’s duration, that seemed to have come of ptomaine poisoning. Fred Seymour had been identified with the commercial life of Manila since 1901, and in recent years had been, and was at the time of his death, an executive of the largest American commercial house in the islands, the Pacific Commercial Company. He lived at the Army & Navy Club, his family, Mrs. Seymour and their 3 children, being in the United States. All who knew him were his friends; he was an affable, unassuming man of gracious manner and natural reserve that im parted dignity to all he did. Sincerity was his rubric. Our condolences are expressed to the bereaved. The funeral services under the rites of Christian Science were held Saturday at 4 p. m., July 1, at the residence of President H. B. Pond of the Pacific Commercial Company, on calle Valenzuela, Sta. Mesa. The body was cremated. to the PACIFIC “Empress of Japan” “Empress of Canada” “Empress of Russia” “Empress of Asia” PACIFIC COAST First $462 $456 $432 $432 Tourist $276 $276 $240 $240 JUNE SUGAR REVIEW By Geo. II. Fairchild EMPRESS FROM THE ORIENT EMPRESS of JAPAN EMPRESS of CANADA EMPRESS of ASIA EMPRESS of RUSSIA Sailings Every Two Weeks From MANILA To Honolulu -Victoria - Vancouver Via Hongkong - Shanghai - Kobe - Yokohama NEW REDUCED SUMMER ROUND TRIP FARES ------- COAST and HONOLULU HONOLULU First $370 $365 Tourist $224 $224 Tickets on sale commencing with the “Empress of Japan’’ sailing June 12th until the “Empress of Russia” sailing July 22nd. Return tickets good until September 30th, 1933. Attractive Fares to Europe quoted in Pounds Sterling CANADIAN PACIFIC WORLD’S GREATEST TRAVEL SYSTEM. New York Market: Although a sale of JuneJuly shipment Philippines was made on the 31st of the previous month at 3.46 cents, no buyers could be found at over 3.40 cents at the close of the day as the result gf profit taking. On the 2nd of the month under review, how ever, quotations on the Exchange advanced and prices of actual sugar similarly improved, with sales to refiners of 4000 tons Cubas at 3.48 cents—3.50 cents, duty paid, ex-store Norfolk, and 3000 tons JuneJuly shipment Philippines at 3.50 cents. On the same day, a Pacific Coast refinery advanced its price to 4.60 cents. The advance in the Sugar Exchange which began on the 5th was checked on the 7th when “future” quotations declined 9 to 11 points owing to the rumors that no change in the present U. S. Sugar Tariff would be effected until the next session of Congress. Offerings of Cubas at 1.50 cents did not attract buyers, while Philippine sugar afloat changed hands at 3.46 cents. The advance in refined prices to 4.60 cents was followed generally on the 7th. During the second week “future” quotations on the Exchange declined steadily, resulting in a net loss of 15 to 17 points. A sale of June-July ship ment Philippines was effected on the 13th at 3.40 cents, while Cuban sugar changed hands at 1.40 cents c. and f. The third week saw a recovery of 7 to 9 points in the “Exchange” quota tions from the previous week’s losses, due principally to reports that Pres ident Roosevelt had rejected the proposal of monetary stabilization. Although the market for actual sugar was dull, prices remained on the same level as that of the previous week. The improved tone of the sugar market was maintained during the firBt two days of the last week and quotations oh the Exchange advanced 6 to 10 points over the closing quota tions of the previous week. On the 27th, Puerto Rico sugar for prompt shipment was sold at 3.50 cents and August shipment Cubas at 1.50 cehts c. and f. On this same day the sugar conference at Washington started, at which the representatives of the' U. S. continental beet and cane industry as well as of the sugar producers of Puerto Rico, Hawaii, the Philippines and Cuba were present, to discuss the proposal for the allotment of a quota to the various countries supplying the U. 8. sugar requirements. The gen eral feeling that considerable delays would be encountered before a decision could be arrived at by this conference greatly contributed to the weakness of the Exchange during the week. On the 28th, large quantities of Cuban sugar were being offered in all positions without finding buyers at 1.50 cents c. and f. Futures: iveries on .... ... during the month July.......... September. December. January. . . March . . . . May.......... Quotations for future delt.he Exchange fluctuated ” as follows: lliuh Low 1.55 1.32 1.58 1.34 1.64 1.41 1.65 1.41 1.70 1.47 1.74 1.52 Latest 1.45 1.47 1.54 1.55 1.59 1.64 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMER :E JOURNAL July, 1933 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 25 Stocks: Stocks in the U.K., U.S., Cuba, Java and European statistical countries were reported on June 29th as 7,671,000 tons, com pared with 7,764,000 tons in 1932 and 7,634,000 tons in 1931. Philippine Sales: Sales and resales of P. I. centrifugal sugar were reported in New York during the month as follows: Long Tons Cents per lb. From To Sales................................. 17,725 3.40 3.50 Resal*............................. 21,500 3.45 3.50 Local Market: Although exporting houses raised their quotations to P7.80—P8.15 per picul, very little business was transacted at this level during the first three weeks owing to scarcity of present-crop sugar. During the last week, however, large sales of centrifugal sugar ag gregating over 7000 tons were made to an ex PHILIPPINE CENTRIFUGAL SUGAR PRODUCTION FOR 1932-33 (Compiled by the Philippine Sugar Association, July 11, 1933) Centrals on Negros 1. Bacolod-Murcia Milling Co................................................................ 2. Binalbagan Estate, Inc....................................................................... 3. Central Azucarera de Bais........................................... .................. 4. Central Azucarera del Danao (*)...................................................... 5. Central Bearin..................................................................................... 6. Central De la Rama........................................................................... 7. Central Leonor..................................................................................... 8. Central Palma.............................................................................. 9. Central San Isidro............................................................................... 10. Hawaiian-Philippine Co...................................................................... 11. Isabela Sugar Co., Inc....................................................................... 12. La Cariota Sugar Central.'................................................................ 13. Lopez Sugar Central Mill (*)............................................................ 14. Ma-ao Sugar Central Co................................................................... 15. North Negros Sugar Co. (*).............................................................. 16. San Carlos Milling Co., Ltd.............................................................. 17. Talisay-Silay Milling Co.................................................................... 18. Victorias Milling Co........................................................................... Centrals on Luzon 19. Bataan Sugar Co................................................................................ 20. Calamba Sugar Estate....................................................................... 21. Central Azucarera de Calatagan...................................................... 22. Central Azucarera de Tarlac............................................................. 23. Central Azucarera del Norte............................................................. 24. Central Azucarera Don Pedro.......................................................... 25. Central Luzon Milling Co................................................................. 26. Hind Sugar Company......................................................................... 27. Luzon Sugar Company....................................................................... 28. Mabalacat Sugar Co........................................................................... 29. Mount Arayat Sugar Co.................................................................... 30. Nueva Ecija Sugar Mills, Inc.......................................................... 31. Pampanga Sugar Development Co.................................................. 32. Pampanga Sugar Mills....................................................................... 33. Paniqui Sugar Mills............................................................................ 34? Philippine Sugar Estates Dev. Co.................................................... Central on Mindoro 41. Philippine Milling Co......................................................................... Centrals on Cebu 42. Bogo-Medellin Milling Co.................................................................. 43. Cebu Sugar Company........................................................................ Central on Leyte 44. Ormoc Sugar Company (♦)............................................................... Total............................................................................. 6,019,703 374,732 Centrals on Panay 35. Asturias Sugar Central, Inc............................................................ 293,391 18,264 36. Central Lourdes................................................................................... 15,000 934 37. Central Santos-Lopez (*)................................................................... 266,000 16,559 38. Central Sara-Ajuy............................................................................... 109,027 6,787 39. Philippine Starch & Sugar Co............................................................ 141,910 8,834 40. Pilar Sugar Central............................................................................. 224,010 13,945 (*) Latest estimates, still grinding. porter at P8.00 per picul for delivery up to October 31st. Crop Prospects: The locust menace in the sugar districts, particularly of the southern islands, has not abated in spite of the active campaign being conducted by the government entities, and it is feared that the growing crop may suffer serious damage from the winged pest. The production for the 1933-34 crop, according to the preliminary estimates received from the individual Centrals, as cabled to Washington by the Philippine government authorities, is placed at 1,327,564 long tons equivalent to 1,486,871 short tons. The 1932-33 crop which has already been harvested except in the case of five Centrals, which are still grinding, will probably aggregate 1,149,044 long tons equivalent to 1,286,929 short tons. The production of each individual Central is tabulated in the attached statement compiled by the Philippine Sugar Association. Piculs Long Tons 722,343 664,719 769,971 220,000 167,280 85,000 60,000 141,096 166,500 1,060,221 449,680 1,209,296 500,000 700,522 1,279,000 696,867 823,910 936,065 10,652,470 663,126 73,000 748,222 75,743 1,193,571 45,000 463,802 464,383 51,210 87,872 38,577 176,543 50,991 1,130,433 1,172,405 167,648 80,303 1,049,338 163,053 208,904 174,788 383,692 190,000 i 4,715 74,301 2,801 28,872 28,909 3,188 5,470 2,402 10,990 3,174 70,371 72,983 10,436 4,999 65,323 10,150 13,004 10,881 23,885 11,828 18,458,256 1,149,044 Philippine Exports: Export statistics for the month of June as reported to us from private sources are as follows: Long Tons Centrifugals............................................. 33,847 Refined..................................................... 6,395 Total for the month.................... 40,242 Exports of these two grades of sugar from the Islands to the United States for the first eight months of the current crop year from November 1, 1932, to June 30, 1933, are as follows: Long Tons Centrifugals............................................. 929,052 Refined................................................... 45,351 Total exports to date.................... 975,403 It has been reliably estimated that a total of approximately 1,073,000 long tons equi valent to 1,090,000 metric tons will be ex ported to the United States from the Islands during the calendar year 1933. The amount exported from the Islands to the United States during the first half of the calendar year totals 746,124 long tons, indicating a balance of about 327,000 long tons still available for export to the United States during the last half of this year. Thord-Robinson: Soldier of Fortune (Continued from page 18) naval station at Cavite to enroll for active duty in my old outfit, the navy. Upon arrival at Manila, I phoned Page who insisted that I come out to the house to stay overnight. After a wonderful dinner, to me, Mrs. Page said, “Well, I know you boys want' to wade around in blood awhile and wave the banner, so I’m leaving. ” She had hardly gone when Page passed me a large envelope contain ing a folded sheet which read as follows: cMlaJaa an el^o'id-eR.o^inAan and 5Lu*tecntR ^Battalion, lJLacaIma incite jau to pfaAent at 5iefd SpaitA to on tK< ^SfainA of X X X X X X at Cai-10, 6^pt I cannot remember the name of the plains nor the date but the salient point was that he must at last have realized his dream; and I felt that he was back in the service from which I had always felt he had come. In 1921 I was back to the Philippines under orders for duty ashore at Olongapo. Page was still in Manila. We had corresponded some during the war. I had hardly gotten settled when he came into my room with an Illustrated London News, on the back cover of which appeared a three-quarter length picture of a splendidly military looking officer in dress uniform. Beneath was the following: “His Majesty, the King, has been graciously pleased to brevet Major Ivan Thord-Robinson a leftenant colonel in the Royal Fusileers. ” Page and I filled our glasses and drank to Major Thord-Robinson.’s continued good fortune. 26 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1933 Trademarks . . . THE YOKOHAMA SPECIE BANK =====^=== LTD. — (ESTABLISHED 1880) HEAD OFFICE: YOKOHAMA, JAPAN Yen Capital (Paid Up) - - - - 100,000,000.00 Reserve Fund - - - - 119,750,000.00 Undivided Profits - 5,859,464.04 MANILA BRANCH 34 PLAZA CERVANTES, MANILA S. DAZAI Manager Telephone 23759—Manager Telephone 23755-Account & Cashier Telephone 23758—Export 4 Import Dept. Telephone 23768—Deposit 4 Remittance Dept (Continued front page 20) Reg. No. 11378. Trademark consisting of the word “NATIONAL” for radio sets, register ed on June 5, 1933, by Eduardo B. Gonzales, of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11379. Trademark consisting of the word “MAYON” with a design, for shirts, registered on June 5, 1933, by Yap Vngco, of Cebu, Cebu, P. I. Reg. No. 11380. Trademark consisting of the word “DORRCO” with a design, for ap paratus for the treatment of solids suspended in liquids, etc., registered on June 7, 1933, by The Dorr Company, Inc., of New York City, N. Y., U. S. A. Reg. No. 11381. Trademark consisting of the word “SYLVANIA”, for radio tubes, radio apparatus and parts and accessories, electric lamps, etc., registered on June 7, 1933, by Ilygrade Sylvania Corporation, of Salem, Essex, Massachusetts, U. S. A. Reg. No. 11382. Trademark consisting of the words “SANG WO LOONG OIL MILL” with a design, for ground nut oil, registered on June 9, 1933, by Quan Kee Cheong, of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11383. Trademark consisting of the words “TROPIC COOLED”, for cigarettes, registered on June 9, 1933, by the Philippine Aromatic Cigarette Manufacturing Co., Inc., of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11384. Trademark consisting of the letters “R. U. O. K.” with a design, for cigarettes, registered on June 9, 1933, by the Philippine Aromatic Cigarettes Manufacturing Co., Inc., of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11385. Trademark consisting of the words “EQUERRY BRAND’ with a design, for flour, registered on June 12, 1933, by Ty Chuaco & Co., Inc., of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11386. Trademark consisting of the words “GOLD MEDAL” with a design, for hair pomade and cosmetic, registered on June 12, 1933, by Chan Kian, of Aparri, Caga yan, P. I. Reg. No. 11387. Trademark consisting of the words “BOWLING CIGARETTES” with a design, for cigarettes, registered on June 12, 1933, by La Yebana Company Inc., of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11388. Trademark consisting of the letters “Y M C A” for shirts, men’s and women’s undershirts, neckties, cravats, draw ers, etc., registered on June 12, 1933, by Yap Tian Sieng, of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11389. Trademark consisting of the word “DOT” with a design, for cigarettes, registered on June 12, 1933, by La Insular Fabrica de Tabacos y Cigarillos Inc., of Manila, P. I. Reg. No. 11390. Trademark consisting of the words “GIRL BRAND FLORIDA WA TER” with a design, for perfumes, cosmetics, face powder, etc., registered on June 13, 1933, by Chuan Lie Lim Tong Te, of Manila, P. 1. Reg. No. 11391. Trademark consisting of the representation of a Dromedary and Foal the two standing in an upright position facing each other, for textiles of all kind and similar articles, registered on June 13, 1933, by Germann & Co., Ltd., of Manila, P. 1. Reg No. 11392. Trademark consisting of the words “LA SUERTE” with a design, for slippers and shoes, registered on June 14, 1933, by Tomas Nito, of Dagupan, Pangasinan, P. I. Reg. No. 11393. Trademark consisting of the word “GANDHI”, for all kinds of cotton, silk and artificial silk, and all kinds of piece goods whether plain, striped, painted or other wise, registered on June 16, 1933, by Hassamal Dhaiamal, of Manila, P. I. Rec No 11394. Trademark consisting of the words “HIGH HAT CIGARETTES” with a design, for cigarettes, registered on June 16, 1933, by Philippine Aromatic Cigarette Manufacturing Co., Inc., of Manila, P. 1. (To be continued) IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1933 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 27 Commodities Coconut Oil.......................................... Copra...................................................... Cigar (Number)................................... Embroidery........................................... Maguey.................................................. Leaf Tobacco....................................... Desiccated and Shredded Coconuts, Hats (Number)................................... Lumber (Cubic Meters).................... Copra Mgal.......................................... Cordage.................................................. Knotted Hemp.................................... Pearl Buttons (Gross)..................... Canton (low grade cordage fibre).. All Other Products............................. Total Domestic Products. .. United States Products........ Foreign Countries Products. Grand Total. PRINCIPAL IMPORTS Articles May, 1932 Value % Value % PRINCIPAL EXPORTS May, 1933 Quantity Monthly average for 12 months previous to May, 1933 Value % Value Value Monthly average for 12 months previous to May, 1933 % Quantity Value % % Quantity P16.254.571 5 50.237.170 P 5.705,354 47.6 92,977,259 P10,566,325 65 0 8,243,524 746.009 6.3 9,285,264 780,579 4 9 16,822,949 2,108,608 17.7 10,281,336 1,294,925 7 8 8,967,418 686,512 5.9 13,971,659 562,271 3 8 15,988,250 531,195 4.6 14,348.621 483,954 2 513,891 4.4 471,046 2 2 282,855 14,388 0.1 384,270 19,513 0 1,257,717 303,981 2.7 1,484,958 316,383 2 1,560,046 299,030 2.6 1,299,384 262,123 2 18,991 25,302 0.2 58,948 94,457 0 3 1,707 54,720 0.5 2,792 72,852 0 3,185,934 93,873 0.8 5,918,909 696,587 4 5 310,402 100,297 0.9 335,398 103,598 0 3,691 5,460 29,214 27,163 0 2 60,723 40,384 0.4 114,863 47,990 0 532,693 30,265 0.3 330,484 17,849 0 9 493,541 4.3 436,956 2 5 Pll,650,267 99.3 P16.153.863 99 70,552 0.6 89,272 0 1 11,991 0.1 11,396 0 2 6 2 1 5 5 1 0 CARRYING TRADE IMPORTS Nationality of Vessels May, 1933 May, 1932 Monthly average for 12 months previous to May, 1933 Cotton Clothe................... Other Cotton Goods........ Iron and Steel, Except Machinery..................... Rice..................................... Wheat Flour................... Machinery and Parts of.. Dairy Products................. Gasoline............................. Silk Goods......................... Automobiles...............• • ■■ Vegetable Fiber Goods... Meat Products................. Illuminating Oil............ Fish and Fish Products .. Crude Oil........................... Coal..................................... Chemicals, Dyes. Drugs, Etc................................... Fertilizers........................... Vegetables......................... Paper Goods, Except Books..................... Tobacco and Manufac tures of........................... Electrical Machinery.. .. Books and Other Printed Matters........................ ■ Cars and Carriages........ Automobile Tires............. Fruits and Nuts............... Woolen Goods.............. Leather Goods......... ■ • Shoes and Other FootCoffee .....................- • • • • Breadstuff, Except Wheat Flour............................... Eggs.................................... Perfumery and Other Toilet Goods................ Lubricating Oil...........■ • • Cacao Manufactures, Ex cept Candy................... Glass and Glassware.. .. Paints, Pigments, Var nish, Etc...................... Oils not separately listed. Eartbern Stones and Chinaware..................... Automobile Accessories.. Diamond and Other Pre cious Stones Unset.. .. Wood, Reed, Bamboo, and Rattan.................... India Rubber Goods.. .. Soaps................................... Matches............................. Cattle................................. Explosives.......................... Cement............................... Sugar and Molasses........ Motion Picture Films. .. Other imports.........t ■■ ■■ 305,570 249,255 333,084 354,935 559,005 101,162 188,223 244,021 54,662 160.955 137,833 114,928 147,639 15,475 67.683 Total. 15 7 7 0 1 0 2 1 2 8 0 7 4 2 0 8 0 0 8 0 0 8 0 0 8 6 1 0 9 0 6 0 0 1 7 7 0 5 9 982,461 263,616 325,048 24c,664 63,523 65,199 53,872 61,168 28,593 8 6 4 2 0 1 3 8 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 7 2 8 9 9 2 9 0 1 9 0 0 0 8 3 0 0 6 6 0 0 7 9 0 0 5 6 0 0 0 0 0 5 3 2 3 8 13.7 <7 0.8 3.0 4.3 0'5 2.5 0.8 2.7 1.5 American. . British........ Japanese... German.. .. Norwegian. Philippines. Spanish.. .. Chinese.. .. Swedish.. .. Danish........ Portuguese. Panaman . . Italian........ Belgian.. .. By Freight. By Mail. .. Value % P 4,777,980 4.531,031 1,190,829 439,367 685,185 1,119,283 42,051 40,068 348,755 1,621 294,704 537 Value % Value % 263,840 364.832 322,150 84,257 105,479 91,513 115,061 42,032 78,461 92,329 94,170 78,407 100,061 20,174 Total......................... ,2.9 2.6 0.7 0.7 0^8 0.7 0.9 0. 0^6 0.7 0.7 0^8 0.1 0.5 0^4 0.5 0^2 0.‘ 0.3 16.9 Nationality of Vessels American.. British........ Japanese... German.. .. Norwegian. Spanuh.. .. Philippines. Swedish.. .. Panaman .. Italian .... By Freight. By Mail. .. TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES -------------------- Monthly average for May, 1932 12 months previous ’ to May 1933 Porta May, 1933 Value % Value % Value % ii^Fo.3-..... Cebu............ Zamboanga. Jolo............. Davao... .. P23.503.358 11,635,037 3.487,704 315,699 19,030 452,059 113,521 59.8 P15,514.900 29.2 3,828.978 8.8 2.695.781 0.8 152,057 29,026 1.1 466,217 0.3 201,366 67 16 11 0 0 2 0 6 P17.278.353 7 184.890 2 25,035 1 475,844 9 360,846 Total........................... P39.526.408 100.0 P22,888,325 100.0 P28.512.485 100.0 35.2 P 3,722,238 33.4 3,627,672 8.5 627,899 3.2 326,243 4.9 721,481 8.0 1,753,808 0.3 4,904 1,269 18,922 0.3 60,084 2.5 97,978 2.1 9,273 33.7 P 4,151,614 32.7 4,109,934 5.6 836,947 2.8 651,013 6.5 621,455 15.8 976,446 53,063 106 0.1 14,971 0.4 54,630 0.8 172,457 7,787 326,647 5 2,365 98.4 P10,971,771 98.4 P12,048,155 98.4 1.6 183,744 1.6 209,858 1.6 P13.693.380 100.0 Pll.155,515 100.0 P12.258.O13 100.0 EXPORTS Monthly average for May. 1933 May, 1932 12 months previous tn 1033 Value % Value % Value % P 5,842,601 23.3 7,064,434 27.2 7,249,060 27.9 62,512 0.2 4,781,543 18.4 P 5,308,094 44.5 2,622,183 22.1 2,516,673 21.2 116,372 1.2 548,110 4.8 P 4,854,465 28.3 4,034,470 24.7 4,124,134 25.4 241,134 1.4 1,793,627 11.1 117,490 0.4 47,548 0.1 568,113 2.2 315,623 2.9 14,273 0.2 51,999 0.6 6,935 30,283 0.4 120,381 4,560 1,740 76,700 554,374 173,918 0.6 0.4 1.0 P25.739.301 99.7 PU.529,921 98.0 P15.637.685 96.3 93,727 0.3 202,259 2.0 616,886 3.7 Total......................... P25.833.028 100.0 Pll.732,180 100.0 P16,2541571 10010 Value % Value % Value % United States................. United Kingdom............ Japan................................. China................................. French East Indies.. .. Germany........................... Australia........................... British East Indies.... Dutch East Indies......... Netherlands. Denmark............ Other Countries. Total.. P33.169.836 658,316 1,741,687 974,272 71,272 595,707 428,748 274,970 224,379 141,485 180,308 151,595 47,777 145,489 168,361 110,848 124,566 24,862 64,143 60,745 28,860 P17.316.367 568,713 1,389,744 874,928 77,123 600,571 619,276 124,203 180,155 159,732 134,202 169,820 28,984 84.100 0.3 75.3 P22,149,495 2.5 672,568 6.1 1,389,904 3.9 957,750 0.4 136,887 2.7 675,409 2.8 616,276 0.6 192,461 0.9 296,447 0.7 269,666 0.7 254,931 0.8 129,470 0.1 58,311 0.4 60,114 0.5 151,391 0.7 122,915 0.2 32,239 9,980 0.1 41,417 0.2 71,659 0.1 24,826 5,066 14,058 0.2 179,245 0.7 P39.526.408 100.0 P22.888.325 100.0 P28,512,485 100.0 28 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL July, 1933 BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL DIRECTORY Kerr SteamshipCo.,Inc. General Agents “SILVER FLEET” Express Freight Services Philippines-New York-Boston Philippines-San Francisco (Direct) Roosevelt Steamship Agency Agents Chaco Bldg. Phone 2-14-20 Manila, P. I. Myers-Buck Co., Inc. Surveying and Mapping PRIVATE MINERAL AND PUBLIC LAND 680 Rizal Avenue Tel. 2-16-10 INFORMATION FOR INVESTORS Expert, confidential reports made on Philippine projects ENGINEERING, MINING, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, LUMBER, ETC. Hydroelectric projects OTHER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES BLYAN, LANDON CO. Cebu, P. I. Cable Address: “YPIL,” Cebu. Manila Wine Merchants LIMITED P. O. Box 403 Head Office: 174 Juan Luna Manila, P. I. Phones 4-90-57 and 4-90-58 Branch. Store: 48 Isaac Peral Phone 2-17-61 PHILIPPINES COLD STORES Wholesale and Retail Dealers in American and Australian Refrigerated Produce STORES AND OFFICES Calle Echague Manila, P. I. tr ® M 4> CHINA RANKING CORPORATION MANILA, P. I. Domestic and Foreign Banking of Every Description HANSO.. ORTH & STEVENSON, INC. Manila, P. I. Buyers and Exporters of Hemp and Other Fibers Chaco Building — Tel. 2-24-18 BRANCHES: New York — London — Merida — Davao MADRIGAL & CO. 8 Muelle del Banco Nacional Manila, P. I. Coal Contractors and Coconut Oil Manufacturers MILL LOCATED AT CEBU THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL P.O. 00X1638 TEL. 21126 P. O. Box 1394 Telephone 22070 J. A. STIVER Attorney-At-Law-Notary Public Certified Public Accountant Administration of Estates Receiverships Investments Collections Income Tax 121 Real, Intramuros Manila, P. I. International Harvester Co. of Philippines formerly MACLEOD & COMPANY Manila—Cebu—Vigan—Davao—Iloilo Exporters of Hemp and Maguey Agents for INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER CO. Agricultural Machinery “LA URBANA” (Sociedad Mdtua de Conatrucci6n y Pristamos) Prestamos Hipotecarios Inversiones de Capital Paterno Building, Calle Helios MANILA, P. I. The Earnshaws Docks and Honolulu Iron Works Sugar Machinery Slipways Machine Shops Port Area Manila, P. I. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENT PLEASE MENTION I The National City Bank of New York Capital (Paid)------P248,000,000.00 Surplus...................P152,000,000.00 Undivided Profits - P 10,889,025.54 (as of June 30, 1932) COMPLETE BANKING SERVICES MANILA OFFICE National City Bank Building Luzon Stevedoring Co., Inc. Lightering, Marine Contractors Towboats, Launches, Waterboats Shipbuilders and Provisions SIMMIE & GRILK Phone 2-16-61 Port Area Let us show you the finest BUICK ever built-The 1933 Buick Eight THE 1933 Buick Straight Eight is the logical re sult of more than 29 years’ experience in building fine motor cars famous all over the world for long, reliable performance. Including those Buick features of engineering and de sign which have won Buick such outstanding recog nition in former years the 1933 Buicks offer new styl ing, new and improved mechanical features, the most notable advancements to provide finer appearance, greater smoothness, and an even higher degree of safety and riding comfort. Buick, in these latest models, upholds the standards that have won three to one leadership for Buick, among all cars in its class. AUTOMOTIVE SALES COMPANY 2 Isla de Romero, Manila V RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL Four Merchants’ Opinions One merchant says: “. .. It is difficult to tell what we have learned from our experiences except that, speaking for our organization, we have all learned to be very humble.” An other merchant, as well known, says: “Success is going to be measured by our consistent everyday business, with balanced stocks in wanted staples and styles that are in demand; in the continued promotion of those goods.” A third says: “...the promotion of timely, wanted mer chandise is essential to our continued profit making; in fact, to our very existence.” A fourth says: “...and I cannot too strongly repeat that we in our store are firmly of the opinion that not one peso should be spent on the advertising of goods not in demand —and that not one peso less than what is required to do a thorough job should be spent on the advertising of goods in demand.” When you place your advertising in the MANILA DAILY BULLETIN you are making a direct appeal to the buying power of Manila Prevent DECAY With PREVENTS DESTRUCTION FROM ATTACK BY WHITE ANTS OR ANAY, OF WOOD ROT, TERMITES, AND BOK-BOK STAMPED ON LUMBER MEANS THAT IT HAS BEEN PRESSURE TREATED WITH OF EXCEPTIONAL MERIT. WOOD PRESERVATIVE A NEW INTERNATIONAL LUMBER TRADE MARK LUMBER IS ROT PROOF LUMBER IS PAINTABLE ^. 7; LUMBER IS PERMANENTLY PRO TECTED AGAINST ALL FORMS OF ROT AND INSECT ATTACK. IT IS CLEAN AND TAKES ; PAINT OR VARNISH AS SATISFACTORILY AS UNTREATED WOOD. LUMBER IS ODORLESS LUMBER IS PERMANENT CURTIN-HOWE CORPORATION Timber Preservation Engineers New York, N. Y. ZMA prevents attack by anay and bok-bok. Tests have shown that only a very small quan tity of 7\t A is necessary to kill termites or anay. ZMAdoes not change the strength, physical appearance, nor any other characteristics of the wood and has the added advantage of making it somewhat fire resistant. ZMAlumber may be used unpainted since it is colorless or it may be painted or finished in any manner desired. ZMA lumber is PRESSURE TREATED and as such is not to be confused with open tank, dip, spray or brush treatments. Unless lumber is PRESSURE TREATED it is not permanently protected against decay and anay. ZMA is practically insoluble in water and hence" permanently present in the wood to protect it during the useful life of the structure. ATLANTIC GULF & PACIFIC COMPANY OF MANILA 71-77 Muelle de la Industria Sole Licensee Philippine Islands Manila, P. 1. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL