The American Chamber of Commerce Journal Vol. XVI, No.4 (April 1936)

Media

Part of The American Chamber of Commerce Journal

Title: The American Chamber of Commerce Journal Vol. XVI, No.4 (April 1936)
Issue Date: Vol. XVI, No.4 (April 1936)
Rights
extracted text: Editorial:—Compare United States and Britain with the Philippines Bird’s-Eye View of Philippine Coconut Industry Philippine University s 1936 Painting Exhibition The World is on the Phone And Now Rubber that is Porous! Philippine Motor Trade Among Far East’s Best MINING REVIEW The First Quarter of 1936:—A Summary of Min ing thus far this year with a Comparison with the Same Period in 1935 Complete List of Active Mining Companies in the Philippines Success of a Mining Brain Trust Introducing: Chamber of Mines of the Philippines The Diesel Engine The Best Month Yet Other Features and the Usual Expert Commercial Reviews ^EXTRA 1 SAFETY 1 NO EXTRA. < COST A BLOWOUT PROOF TIRES V Before You Buy Tires-Ask Yourself These 3 Questions (1) Will the Tread Give me the Greatest Traction and Protection Against Skidding? ...Firestone tires have been on the winning car in the Pikes Peak Climb for 8 consecutive years. There are 181 hairpin curves in this dangerous run. On any one a slip might mean death. (2) Arc They Blowout-Proof? You do not have to believe unsupported claims of blowout protection:—For 16 consecutive years,' Firestone tires have been on the winning cars at the Indianapolis race track—also on the record breaking car at Booneville where Ab Jenkins in his heavy 5,000 pound car and with temperatures as high as 120°, ran 3,000 miles at an average of 127.2 miles per hour WITHOUT TIRE TROUBLE OF ANY KIND. 1 Leading University tests show Firestone High Speed Tires stop your car 15 to 25% quicker. 2 Gum-Dipped cord body gives greater blowout protection. GumDipping, an extra process, is used in any other make of tire. 3 More and tougher rubber wider and flatter tread gives than 50% longer non-ski d wear. (3) Without Sacrificing These 2 Important Safety Features, will They Give me Longer Mileage? Another patented Firestone construction feature of 2 extra layers of Gum-dipped cords under the tread, make it possible for Firestone to build tires with a thicker tread and higher shoulders producing a’flatter contour that places more rubber on the road. This new tread compound is tougher and slower wearing. Good Dealers Everywhere Sell firestone TIRES TUBES—BATTERIES—SPARK PLUGS BRAKE LINING AUTO SUPPLIES IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOU April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 1 WRIGLEY S (PHILIPPINES)/^ » INC. EL HOGAR FILIPINO BUILDING MANILA P. I. always ask for FOR PROTECTION AGAINST I COMMERCIAL AND PERSONAL LOSSES we provide j COMPLETE INSURANCE SERVICE I ar uompctitivc rates and liberal conditions ' FIRE — EARTHQUAKE — MARINE — AUTOMOBILE ! PERSONAL ACCIDENT — EMPLOYERS LIABILITY BAGGAGE — PLATE GLASS — ETC., ETC. CALEDONIAN INSURANCE COMPANY LEGAL & GENERAL ASSURANCE SOCIETY LTD. NORWICH UNION FIRE INSURANCE SOCIETY LTD. ■er a Century of world wide experience with reputations and financial security second to none. rUTTRiDGE & Chambers Inc GENERAL AGENTS 4 90-64 OFFICE. 129 JUAN LUNA EVAPORATED MILK IDEAL FOR COFFEE AND OTHER MILK OR CREAM USES Save the labels for valuable premiums! Libby, MSNeill & Libby (Phil.) Inc. P. O. Box 1639, Manila Read AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL P. O. Box 1638—Manila—180 David RATES: Philippines P4.00 per year —United States $2.00 per year—Foreign Countries $3.00 per year IY COMPROMISE WHEN CHOOSING SCOTCH? CHOOSE A LEADER CH! “GOLD LABEL” & “DIMPLE” WHISKIES ESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 2 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 NIGHT EXPRESS TRAIN WILL ENABLE YOU TO SPEND YOUR WEEK-END IN BAGUIO LEAVES TUTUBAN STATION AT 11:00 P. M. COMPLETE SCHEDULE OF NIGHT TRAINS FOR 1936 SUMMER SEASON Leaves Manila 11 p. m. Arrives Damortis 6:25 a. m. Arrives Baguio before 8 a. m. Friday, April 17 Friday, May 8 I „ „ 24 „ ' „ ' 15 ; Thursday, ,,30 ,, ,, 22 I Friday, May 29 | Return trip, the following Sunday evening. IT COSTS VERY LITTLE TO GO TO BAGUIO BY TRAIN One Way Round Trip | Do your friends a favor! Direct them to The Manila Hotel the leading hotel in the Orient where they will have LUXURIOUS COMFORT at MODERATE RATES Provides every Western con venience combined with every Oriental luxury American Plan Only H. C. (“ANDY”) ANDERSON Managing Director 1st class, Manila-Baguio...........................PIO.78 P19.40 Sleeping berth on Night Express . . . 2.50 each way 3rd class, Manila-Baguio........................... 3-72 5.71 3rd class, Baguio-Manila............ 3.32 All Night Trains go to San Fernando Union, and arrive there at 1:AC> a.m. the next day with bus connection with Norlutran at San Fernando U. for towns in the 1 locos Provinces. Immediate connections arc made with busses of Bcnguet Auto Line ar Damortis for Baguio. Passengers for Baguio arrive there before 8 a.m. the next day. From Baguio, firsr class busses and cars leave at 8:30 p. m. and third class busses at 7:30 p.m., reaching Damortis in time to connect with the Baguio Night Special arriving in Manila at 5 45 a.m. next day. When traveling by day take the Baguio-llocos Express YOU BEGIN TO ENJOY BAGUIO TEMPERATURE THE MOMENT YOU BOARD THE AIR COOLED CAR AT TUTUBAN STATION Main Office Tel. 4-98-61 City Office Tel. 2-31-83 MANILA RAILROAD company 943 Azcarraga — Manila OXY- A CET V LE N K Welding & Cutting Equipment Philippine Acetylene Co. 281 CALLE CRISTOBAL, PACO MANILA, P. I. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL Entered as Second Class Matccr May 25, 1921 at the Post Office at Manila, P. I. Compare U. S. and Britain with the Philippines . By Walter Robb The London Times’s yearly financial review dated February 11 remarks the fact that, Britain’s economic recovery that began about the middle of 1932 made its most substantial progress during 1935, the year that “closed with a greater and more general feeling of confidence than had been apparent at any other period since 1931.” It finds this tendency else where, except in the gold-bloc countries “where recovery in its positive sense has yet to begin.” Britain’s 1935 business was lumped at 15% greater than 1934’s. Insured workmen in employment in Britain number 115,000 more than in 1929, the last boom year; the increase in the number of insured workmen since that year is more than 1 million, and there remain 1,80S,565 unemployed workmena figure the Times takes as very large, though the lowest since July 1930. “Production of steel reached the highest figure on record-, 9,842,400 tons, that of pigiron and steel ingots being no less than 80% greater than in 1932.” Britain’s overseas trade was the best in 5 years. The woolen trade was the best it had been for many years, and Lancashire cotion “which had undergone* a revolution owing to the growth of competition abroad,” made* progress. But newer industries made mon* startling advance; the motor car industry outsold all previous yearly records and reached third place among Britain’s industries, and the Times speaks similarly of the aircraft and rayon industries, with Britishfilms marking a considerable pick-up. All branches of the electrical industry made remarkable strides. The darker side of the picture remained overseas trade, £800,000,000 short of 1929. British industries use* less borrowed money than they former ly did. But higher wages, increased employment and a general advance* of prosperity demand more money than ever before and have upped note circulation to the record figure of 6424,506,785. Gilt-edged securities have dropped in value, due to falling interest rates; investors have turned, rightly the Times maintains, to industrial and commercial shares, the invitation being the almost general rise of profits in this direction and the* coincident distribution of dividends. “South Africa’s glittering prosperity outshone that of any other part of the Empire, but Australia, New Zealand, India, East Africa and Malaya all made headway.” In terms of gold the pound depreciated 30% from September 1931 to the end of 1933, 10% more in 1934, but only 1/4% in 1935; and last year therefore Britain was spared the recurring financial crises that visited the Continent. These adversities drove gold to the United States until America’s reserves topped 10 billions, 45% of the world’s supply and practically equal to the world’s monetary gold at the end of 1929. The pound and the dollar managed to get along well together, other barriers than money arc the main drawbacks to restored ship ping prosperity and overseas commerce. Chief among these barriers is nationalized agriculture, almost everywhere, America’s bounties to farm-products growers being by no means unique: England herself has gone far in a similar direction, her great suppliers such as Denmark feeling the hurt. Under stimulus of bounties, Ireland last year grew 70,000 acres more wheat, 31,000 more oats, 12,000 acres more sugar beets. Ireland upped taxes £6,000,000 to meet a budget of £24,000,000 whereof but £28,000,000 could be expected from former taxes. It can'not be escaped, in noticing precisely what British industries thrive best today, how they are measurably affected by orders on behalf of war: the aircraft industry, steel, and the motor industry. 'Phis is generally true of other countries, notably the United States, France, and Germany in the west — Japan glaringly in the east. There are observers who feel the adjustments will be in evitable. The American newsmagazine Time of February 24 quotes a sour note from W. H. Roystone, an investment counselor: “There is no basis at the present time for hedging against inflation. Inflation, when it comes, will start with the con gress of 1937. In fact, the situation now ts such as to justify the sale of stocks rather than their purchase. (Italics ours). Every indication points to a much lower market this summer. business improvement has not carried through. (Italics ours). He predicts an unprecedented boom from 1937 to 1939, then a terrific crash, followed by prolonged depression; he advised (Please tarn to [page 7) 1. WELDED ALL-STEEL BODY 2. SAFETY GLASS -THROUGHOUT 3. SUPER-SAFETY BRAKES 4. NEWLY DESIGNED STEEL WHEELS MORE for your money than ever before... Ford has always stood for highest value. The New Ford V-8 for 1936 gives you more for your money than ever before. Look at just a few of the features you get in all Ford cars---at no extra cost: "After We Sell M H III 1 <1 T I” H (I i II g & S II IIIII V Co. Ford We Serve" ” 1 1 Distribu ------------------------ Manila - Iloilo - Cebu - Bacolod - Baguio - San Pablo - Dagupan - Tarlac-Legaspi ---------------FORD V-8 for 1936 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 4 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 Philippine University’s 1936 Painting Exhibition We review the yearly art exhibit at the University of the Philippines because wealth patronizes art and liecause further, it is far ahead of past e x h i b i t s . W e should say it eontains at least a dozen pieces that would grace the average collection; then* are a few pi('ces that are nothing short of re markable. Mani kins who can afford themselves the pleasure will do themselves an in justice if they fail to select from the exhibit. They have had enough, in all 1 "J'accutd" conscience, conPortrait in Pastel by lory Pineda CCr 11 i 11 g art ill painting, that hardly more than exists in the Philippines; but from this year’s offering, this extravagant praise of palpable mediocrity should not keep them away. To us there is insufficient appeal in anything the Amorsolos do with human figures, bust portraits included; because if there are special traits of character, they are almost sure to fail to bring them out. Their field is landscapes, where un emotional attention to detail may be made to count. In this exhibit Fernando Amorsolo had 2 landscapes: Hirer anil Bamboo and Montalban (forge. Pablo had one, Twilight. Teodoro Buenaventura showed 8 landscapes and rustic scenes among which his Balaian is best. This areaway where the water jars stand and the dishes art* washed and aired is a feature of the Philippine bamboo cottage, of a formalized pattern. Buenaventura, of the faculty of the School of Fine Arts of the Univeris a bargain for the P100 asked for it. Dr. Noel J. Cortes showed 12 portraits and a study of still life'. His S.’hora U. de Y. has the es sence of as haughty a mestizo as ever inherited the re sponsibility of run ning a plantation, or managing a Manila estate in form of fincas for rent. She ap praises values with the accuracy of an auditor or an adjusting commit tee. Dr. Augusto J. Cortes's canvases are larger, and were not exhibited. They grace his Manila home. Professor VicDr. Noel J. Cortes's "Sra. V. de Y." Lotffr^o GNfrrfrn' r 4 ‘ Mat(t Dnlorofa'' sitv, has done this piece well. Dominador Cas taneda is a younger faculty member. Among his pieces Xipa House stands out. A family gifted in painting is the Cortes family: Dr. Augusto J. Cortes, Dr. Noel J. Cortes, and their sister, Miss Erlinda Cor tes. Wealth does not inhibit this family from work ing like beavers. Miss Cortes exhi bited 14 pieces. Her copying of Schauss’s Crete! is first rate; 2 original portraits are good, and A Little Boy and His Pet Dog torio Edades of Sto. 'Pomas University exhibited the original sketches for his murals at the State Theater on Rizal Avenue. All the town has been making up its mind about these murals, well executed and sufficiently provocative to invite second glances. You next approach a small but admirable group of portraits by Severino Fable. We find 4 of the* lot marked Viva! for special mention: Young Dante, Little Va'cnlin, A Baby Boy, and By the Hirer. Miss Maria Iglesias, of tin* faculty, had among her exhibited pieces 2 first rate landscapes. Irineo Miranda, of the faculty, exhibited but 1 piece, and interesting. So did J. Ocampo, whose Seamstress is thoroughly good. Surrealism was rep resented in 2 pieces by Luzon R. Ocampo, whose Post Meri dian study, hour of the siesta, puts the typical lassitude and spiritual relaxation into that amoral period of tin1 day. This piece excels the artist’s Twilight, a companion piece. Jorge Pineda had 8 pieces of con sistent good work manship, among them one, Por trait.of a Lady in Pastel, that wiil in time find its way into some first rate gallery. For de bonair youthful wisdom, measuring all flattery at its true worth, look here. J'aeeuse! charge those* lust rous steady eyes. This is portraiture as it ought to be. Here is art of the Philippines, as in digenous as a paddy field. Among 3 pieces Pa fie I Enrique’s Head of Christ (Please turn to page 15) April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 5 Bird’s-Eye View of Philippine Coconut Industry Annual narrative for 1935 of Leo Schnurmacher, Inc., well known commodity brokers of Manila specialising in copra The past year has been one of violent fluctuations in the prices of Coconut Oil and Copra. Speaking in general terms, the strong upward movements which these markets witnessed frequently during the year, were practically always caused by a sudden demand from consumers of oil for edible purposes. It appears to us that the shortage of domestic fats due to the drought in the United States in 1934, especially as far as hog lard and cotton seed oil is concerned,—both commo dities, in addition to butter, being the mainstay of the supply of edible fats in the United States—manifested itself periodically by so sharp a stringency that the gap had to be filled, even at comparatively high prices, by vegetable lard, for which co conut oil is a very popular ingredient, and by other im ported oils. The result was a market which fluctuated violently and over a wide range, thus affording extra ordinary opportunities to spe culators. Ever since the latter part of 1934 it had become evident that the general level of prices would be considerably higher in 1935 than in 1934, when the lowest prices ever recorded were reached for copra and coconut oil. The considerable shortage which was inevitably du.e in the United States in consequence of the severe drought, was further enhanced by crop failures in other parts of the world. In the Philippines, a series of destructive ty phoons during October and November, 1934, darkened the outlook considerably, al though it should have been kept in mind that due to the extremely low prices which ruled during the greater part of 1934, only part of the crop could be marketed, and any improvement in prices would bring out supplies from many districts where marketing and transportation costs were pro hibitive at prices prevailing during 1934- In addition to this potential supply which was not made available for commercial consumption in 1934, the natural increase in bearing trees should have been considered as a factor which would offset a substantial part of the reduction in the yield due to the typhoons, all the more so as most of these new bearing trees are to be found in provinces which lie outside the path of the typhoons, and thus did not suffer at all. There were other factors, however, which pointed to a better statistical position during 1935. The Indian groundnut crop for 1934-35 was severely curtailed;shipments from India from Total Copra Crop of the Philippines For the year 1935 (Converted from Export Figures) Metric Tons Total Copra exported....... 256,683 Oil exported (Acid Oil included)............ 163,824 tons Conversion Margin on 5814 1Lons Acid Oil into current Oil............. 279 ” Oil consumed locally............... 37,669 ” Total Coconut Oil............ 201,772 tons 347,883 at 58% average extraction equivalent to Copra Desiccated Coconut exported 34,729 tons equivalent to Copra................... 41,743 Total.......... 646,309 Copra estimated Stocks on Jan. 1st, 1935. 80,4381 Oil 18,370 tons estimated Stocks on Jan. 1st, 1935, equivalent to Copra at 58%......... 31,672! 112,110 Total......... 534,199 Copra estimated Stocks on Dec. 31st, 1935. . . Oil 14,063 tons estimated Stocks on Dec. 31st 87,254 j 1935, equivalent to Copra at 58%......... 24,248 J 111,502 Total......... 645,701 Less Conra imDorted into the Philinnines. 4,194 Approximate Crop of COPRA during 1935. . . 641,507 Estimated Values of the principal Coconut Products exported from the PHILIPPINE ISLANDS Commodity 1935 1934 Metric Tons Value Metric Tons Value Copra. ............ 256,683 163,824 P22,135,993 24.561.537 351,349 147,771 1’17,666,548 13,698,027 Coconut Oil........... Copra Cake and Meal.................... 103,031 34,729 3,289,883 7,929,038 100,986 25,664 2,111,682 4,673,658 Desiccated Coconut Total value ex ported ............. P57.916.451 1’38,149,915 r Dec. 31 Metric Tons Metric Tons Estimated Stocks on hand pei 1934 1935 Copra in Manila and Provincial Ports.. . Coconut Oil in Manila and Cebu............. Pnnro f?nlrr» in Mfinilfl. nnd CoKll................. 80,438 18,370 2,920 87,254 14,063 8,495 October 1st, 1934, to September 30th, 1935, amounted to 514,230 long tons as compared with 816,800 long tons during the previous crop year. These figures confirmed estimates published toward the end of 1934 which placed the probable shortage at around 40%, whereas it actually amounted to abt. 38%. While the reduction in the 1934-35 Whale Oil catch was not very large, the situation had considerably improved as the remainder of the 193334 catch had been acquired by Germany toward the end of 1934 by barter, thus re moving the last remnants of the heavy stocks of whale oil which had, for several years past, provided a drag on the prices of all fats and oils. This made room for the new catch which was completely disposed of before the 15th of April. As regards Soya Beans, reports published in Europe before the end of 1934 indicated a probable reduc tion in the Manchurian crop of about 1,000,000 long tons. Estimates available at that time placed the supply of Egyptian Cottonseed avail able for export until August, 1935 at 262,800 tons as against 329,700 tons actually shipped from November 30th, 1933, to August 31st, 1934; al though this estimate was slightly exceeded by actual shipments, the reduction was a considerable one, especially in view of the situation in the United States, who, formerly a large exporter of Cotton seed Oil and, in a way, a competitor of Egypt for the European Market, had sud denly turned importer and competed with European con sumers for the Egyptian sup plyThe statistical position at the beginning of the year was thus a very sound one; the expectation of a higher price level for 1935 appeared fully justified, and was borne out by subsequent develop ments. In the Philippines, the mar ket provided much excite ment throughout the year. January opened with almost all traders holding fairly heavy stocks in Manila and in the provinces, with the possible exception of Cebu, where stocks were comparatively light. The market, which only in June, 1934 had been listless at F3.00* for 100 kilos of Buen Corriente copra, was very firm, with buyers at P7.50 for Resecada or P6.75 por Buen Corriente. A sharp advance was registered during the month, which'carried prices as high as P10.25 for ♦Note: Fl.00 is equivalent to U. S. $.50. THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 Resecada and 1*9.25 for Buen Corriente. On several occasions when the market apparently weakened, sellers withdrew completely, thus forcing prices up again. Arrivals, spurred by high prices, constituted a five-year record, but most of the copra which found its way into the Ma nila market represented provincial carryovers from the previous two months. Pacific Coast crushers raised their limits to S2.55but were un able to purchase considerable quantities due to the competitive situation in Manila where better equivalents were obtainable. A sudden flurry in the London market, which carried prices up £3 per ton in a few days, caused much excitement, but apparently the demand was soon filled from the Straits Settlements and Dutch East Indies, and the European market closed again well under American and local equivalents. The January rise continued throughout February at a steady pace, and at the end of the month most mills were quoting 1*14.00 for Resecada and P12.60 for Buen Corriente. It was a seller’s market throughout the month, enhanced by competition between local crushers. Whatever copra was sold, constituted only part of the dealer’s stocks, as they were unwilling to let go of their entire holdings due to the firm ness of the market and their expectancy of congressional action on the Dockweiler Bill which proposed to exempt Philippine Coconut Oil from the Excise Tax, provided same was used for industrial purposes only. Arrivals were 18% below those of February, 1934 not withstanding the fact that part of the receipts consisted of carryovers from former months and another substantial part of copra from Export points which was only shipped to Manila due to the high prices available for delivery to the local mills. Pacific Coast quotations improved to $3.40 per 100 lbs. c.i.f., but although some shippers yielded to the temptation of the high prices reached, many held for a further rise, or sold to Manila. Business to Europe remained at u standstill due to the sluggishness of the London market, which refused to follow the skyrockctting Manila quotations. March brought as sudden a decline as had been the rise in February. Prices dropped P4.00 per 100 kos. in the space of less than three weeks due to a sudden withdrawal of the oil buyers in the United States. The demand there had, apparently, been confined to consumers for edible purposes, who, after covering their require ments, dropped out of the market and left the field to the soapers, who in turn were unwilling to support the market at the high levels reached, having been able to substitute a considerable part of their oil requirements with cheaper imported oils and fats. The mills, unable to find buyers for their oil even at reduced prices, confined themselves to announce daily lower nominal prices, and kept backing away from the market. Most dealers had decided to sell when the decline set in, and filled their contracts out of accumulated stocks, so that very little short sales were made; towards the second half of the month they had mostly filled their con tracts, and at the lower prices then prevailing they were unwilling to sell further quantities on account of decreased arrivals and prospects of a further reduction in the April crop, due to the effects of the typhoons. A feature in the market was increased buying activity on the part of the Desiccated Coconut manufacturers who had had rather the worst of it during February, being unable to compete against the high copra prices the Manila mills were then paying. Pacific Coast quotations dropped in proportion to §205 with most shippers missing the market, repeatedly, so that little business was transacted. European prices also dropped and no business was possible throughout the month. Extremely low arrivals during April,—in fact, the lowest for any single month during the last 10 years—resulted in buying competition among local crushers and their simultaneous with drawal from the'U. S. oil market. Prices for oil rose in consequence, but the Manila market was again ahead of any export equivalent available; this induced Cebu shippers to con tract for shipment to Manila, and thus the tension was relieved which had prevented the Manila mills from selling oil at available prices. An unexpected freak typhoon hit southeastern Luzon, Samar and Leyte during the first week in April, but the damage done, while quite heavy in some localities', was not expected to affect the Islands’ production capacity in any large degree. Pacific Coast crushers had to increase their purchasing prices again during April, and the highest point reached was §3.00, with some business transacted even at slightly higher figures. London was again uninterested in Philippine copra, the other descriptions such as Straits and D. E. I. grades selling at cheaper prices than Philippine F. M. could have been bought at. Larger arrivals marked the month of May; while a little less than one third was copra ship ped up by exporters from Cebu and other outports against high-priced April contracts, dealers, due to the seasonal increase in production, showed more selling interest, which was further enhanced toward the latter part of May, by the arrival in Manila of some 2,500 tons of copra which a local mill had purchased during Feb ruary in Celebes for local consumption. The spread in prices had been so great that the buyer was able to negotiate this purchase at a lower price, c.i.f., duty paid Manila, than the local market price, notwithstanding the heavy duty of 1*1.00 per 100 kilos. Dealers, to whom this transaction came as a surprise, feared a repetition of this practice and offered copra more freely, thus allowing local crushers to operate more freely on the oil market. Towards the end of the month, the Federal Supreme Court’s decision invalidating the N. R. A., resulted in a general weakness in all commodity markets in the United States, where Pacific Coast crushers, after pur chasing fairly heavily at around §2.80 and S2.75, finally reduced their limits to §2.70. The month brought the first transactions for European destinations, when it was again possible to fill the Spanish import quota for Philippine Copra, at a higher price than the one available at the time for D. E. I. Sundried copra. Complete lack of interest on the part of American oil buyers coupled with steady, although not too plentiful arrivals in Manila, depressed the market during June, and a heavy volume of short sales was contracted for by local dealers all along the decline. Crushers’ prices dropped as low as P6.50 for Resecada or P5.85 for Buen Corriente. Little business, however, was transacted at these* low figures, as most dealers were short-covering and willing to pay higher prices than what crushers were able to pay in harmony with ruling oil prices. The Pacific Coast quotations were reduced sharply with sellers pressing but buyers con tinually backing away from the market. The lowest quotation reached was §1.85, but little business was reported at anything below §2.00. Buyers in Europe;, where exporters had hoped to seil in case of a decline in the United States, managed to run away from sellers even faster than Pacific Coast crushers while prices dropped to £10.12.6 for F. M. c.i.f. Marseilles. Con tinuous short-covering by dealers fortunate enough to have considerable forward contracts at higher prices, prevented local mills from pur chasing new copra at competitive prices, and a firm tendency developed toward the end of June and all through the first half of July, and prices improved slightly to 1’7.00 for Resecada and 1*6.30 for Buen Corriente. But at the higher prices it soon became evident that buyers abroad would lose interest, and as pending contracts were gradually completed, dealers began to ask again for contracts, especially in view of the approaching peak of the copra pro ducing season. August, September contracts were offered by dealers, but the crushers, un willing to again create a situation where dealers would be able to successfully compete with them on the basis of their own contracts, limited their purchases to August delivery, thus effect ively curtailing the total quantity under con tracts. Exporters were able to do quite a considerable volume of business at §2.00 to Pacific Coast destinations, while European prices were out of line as buyers dropped their ideas to £9.10.0. (Please turn tu page 8) CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 7 And Now, Rubber That’s Porous! The two facts regarding rubber which struck the popular fancy on its first discovery were, first, that it was elastic- - and second, that it would shed water. In the beginning the latter property alone seemed to have any practical applica tion. Rubber balls and sling shots had their vogue, to be sure, but Mackintosh of im mortal name -and his rain coats—were actually the first large scale; commercial users. For many years whenever a flexible material which would shed water was needed, one instinctively thought of rub ber. But the scientists are changing all that, and, first in Germany and now in Amer ica, a rubber has been dev eloped which is actually por ous and provides almost, per fect osmosis. Porous rubber has proved a real boon to such makers of electrical storage batteries as are in the fortunate position of being able to use it. It provides just the strong yet flex ible material which they need as a cushion between the plates of their batteries, as it is unaffected by acid, heat or cold. Something was badly needed to preserve the plates and other parts from the disastrous effects of the innumerable shocks Courtesy of the Firestone Tire <V Rubber Company and vibrations produced by the bumps and potholes over which millions of today’s cars, trucks and busses must find their way. But the cushioning effect could not be employed except for the fact that this new type of rubber is actually also por ous, even though that is not apparent to the eye. Millions of tiny holes—so small that even the most powerful mi croscope hardly makes them visible—allow the electrical current to flow freely. In fact, the ordinary auto mobile battery can now even go to sea. They are used right here in Manila to light the take-off channel for the Clippers which start their homeward flights by night. For a distance of about 1500 yards on Manila bay the channel is marked by small floats, about 2 feet square, on which storage batteries are mounted to provide current for small automobile spot lights. The first 4 of these lights are white, and the 5th one is red. By the time the Clipper reaches the red light it must have left the water and taken to the air for the 1200 mile hop to Guam. Compare U. S. and Britain with . . . (Continued from page !Ti Republicans that it would be ‘very unwise to try for office during the next 8 years, because if they should be in power from 1940 to 1944, they will ever after be known as the De pression Parly.’” What this observer bases his doubts in 'rime fails to say. But there are obvious abnormal factors stimulating business today on both sides of the Atlantic. War accounts for many of them. In America the bonus is to be paid, 2-1/2 billions there; and the huge peace-time army appropriation has been voted, $600,000,000; and to be added still arc the navy and the air defenses: America will hardly get off this year short of 4 bulky debt-making billions on account of war, unless something sidetracks the bonus after the November elections. Being quite unbearable, this whole business is highly abnormal. Hardly less so are billions of federal debt on account of social relief, that fails however of its avowed objective; namely, to reduce materially the number of the unemployed. If when you resort to little of this relief you have 10 million employ ables out of work, and when you have done a deal of it you still have 8 to 9 milllion employables on your hands, your penny has been spent and your methods have been wrong. Your real task still lies ahead of you, to replant large populations on the soil; and with new farmside inventions booming along, cotton-pickers a terrifying example, what confronts you even in the seemingly simple business of loading trains with de feated cityfolks and carrying these people into the country where they may have chicken runs and potato patches, is definitely an appalling problem. But be this as it may, unless home-building and other permanent objectives of peace are set practically about now, and tend to demand of the heavy industries of the United States what war demands of them temporarily -but’can not long continue to demand, because national debt may be piled (Please turn to page. 15) WARNER, BARNES & COMPANY, LTD. LONDON — NEW YORK — MANILA ILOILO — CEBU — BACOLOD IMPORTERS fir EXPORTERS SHIPPING DEPT. Agents For: Nippon Yuscn Kaisha Cunard-White Star, Ltd. Bibby Line INSURANCE DEPT. Transacting Fire Marine Automobile Workmen's Compensation and Miscellaneous GENERAL MANAGERS OF COMMONWEALTH INSURANCE COMPANY SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVES OF IMPERIAL AIRWAYS, LTD. MACHINERY DEPARTMENT Agents For: Sugar Machinery, Diesel Engines, Condensing Plants, Mining Machinery and Steels, Shipbuilders and Engineers. AGRICULTURAL DEPT. IMPORT DEPT. All Classes of Sperry Flour Fertilizer Sugar Bags Cable Address: "Warner" Standard Codes Manila Office: Perez-Samanillo Building, Manila IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 Bird’s-Eye View of Philippine Coconut Industry (Continued from page 6) The policy of local crushers, limiting their purchases to August delivery, enabled them to buy quite large quantities of copra during August at cheaper prices. Arrivals being rather above expectations, the small pending sales were soon completed and dealers were anxious to sell, some sales being reported at as low a price as 1*6.00 for Resecada and 1*5.40 for Buen Corriente, the year’s low record. However, the menacing political situation in Europe made dealers accelerate their purchasing activities, and the resulting buying competition brought prices up to P8.00 for Resecada and 1*7.20 for Buen Corriente; quite a considerable demand for coconut oil, again from the edible quarter, supported the rise, and in line with increasing oil equivalents Pacific Coast crushers also raised their limits to 82.10 again. The decline at the beginning of the month, however, had enabled several lucky holders of high priced contracts made in May to cover at very substantial profits, and quite a volume of sales, as far forward as October/November, was transacted. Very little new business was done on the rise. European business was again reported during the first half of the month at competitive prices, while the later rise in local prices left European markets far behind. The vicissitudes of the European political situation apparently influenced the London Copra market repeatedly, and the uncertainty created by alternating prospects of war and peace influenced even the local market. In September, the market opened firm, but soon sellers, who had been holding off for quite some time, took their cue from optimistic news dispatches from the arena of European politics, and started selling; a weakness developed which carried prices down to P7.00 for Resecada and P6.30 for Buen Corriente; but renewed.tension over the Abyssi nian situation combined with somewhat smaller arrivals, and supported by renewed interest for ESTABLISHED 1012 ----- ~ ----Capital (Paid) - U.S. $127,500,000.00 Surplus--------- ” 30,000,000.00 Undivided Profits ” 10,644,278.85 • (As of Dec. 31, 1935) -------- ---------- l;:------COMPLETE BANKING SERVICES MANILA OFFICE National City Bank Building coconut oil from the edible quarter, again induced dealers to adopt a bullish attitude, and before the month was over, prices had fully recovered from the'decline. Pacific^Coast crushers would have been able to buy quite considerable quan tities on the decline, but as they kept backing away from the market, the volume of business transacted was not so very heavy; prices reached a low of 82.05 but practically no contracts were made at the low figure. The London market followed the general trend and reflected more faithfully the political oscillation between war possibilities and expectations of a peaceful settlement of the Ethiopian question. The month of October witnessed another sharp upward fluctuation, which was primarily caused by the bullish attitude of dealers who since the latter part of September refused to listen to any reasonable offers, and supported by quite a considerable demand for coconut oil, again from the edible quarter, at rising prices; some crushers were slightly short of supplies and decided to follow the advance, and by the middle of the month Resecada copra was sold at 1* 10.00, Buen Corriente at 1*9.00, with some sales even at higher figures. At these prices however, the mills were unable to offer oil low enough to keep buyers interested, and a weakness developed which influenced dealers to throw their accumu lated stocks on the market; these stocks proved too large to be absorbed at the high prices reach ed, and as the supply was increased by parcels which dealers tried to sell short, the market collapsed and the decline carried prices down to P8.00 for Resecada and 1*7.20 for Buen Cor riente. Pacific Coast prices followed the rise to $2.60 and also collapsed as selling pressure developed, particularly from Cebu dealers who had to find a market for their unprecedentedly large? arrivals. At the end of the month, how ever, local and American prices had declined below European equivalents and a further fall in prices appeared unlikely. The European market held firm in November, with only slight fluctuations, and in view of a quite large volume of pending local contracts. let by the mills in October at higher prices than those prevailing at the beginning of the month, dealers preferred to fill pending commitments first and little new business was done until the oil market started to improve. The reaction which developed carried prices after a slight dip to 1*9.25 for Resecada and 1*8.35 for Buen Corriente. Heavy arrivals in Cebu again provided the beginning of a decline as exporters there decided to sell large quantities of copra; the crushers on the Pacific Coast reduced their limits from 82.45 down to $2.30, but were able to satisfy the demand for oil quite easily, while the Manila mills, unable to purchase at com petitive prices, started to reduce their limits regardless of the sellers’ attitude, who, however, soon began to follow the decline, especially in view of quite heavy arrivals. This decline continued until about the middle of December, when a low of 1*8.50 for Resecada and 1*7.70 for Buen Corriente had been reached. But dealers, who had been busy filling their pending commitments, soon adopted a bullish attitude in view of expected lower arrivals until the middle of January, and due to the continuous interest which European buyers kept showing for Philippine Copra, especially Sundried. Further more, many dealers expected a rise in prices due to a possible decision on the two cases pending before two different courts in the U. S. involving the constitutionality of the Excise Tax on coco nut oil. However, neither decision was render ed before the end of the year, and oil buyers in the United States did not follow the rise of European prices, probably due to the lull in business usually experienced during inventory time. Pacific Coast crushers raised their limits again to $2.55, but only very little business was done on the rise. Large quantities of Cebu FMS copra, however, were sold to Europe where the highest price for Sundried reached was £13.7.6 c.i.f. North European destinations. The year 1936 opens under peculiar circum stances, which completely prevent any forecast even for the near future. The effects of the drought of 1934 in the United States have not yet been overcome, especially as the drought came, after a legislative program on a vast basis had been enacted which was calculated to reduce crops and improve prices of farm products. Thus, the combined effects of legislation and drought caused a serious shortage in the avail able supply of fats and oils. The Excise taxes imposed on imported oils should have, under ordinary circumstances, tended to reduce im ports and to increase demand for domestic oils and fats. Due to the drought, however, the effects of the excise tax were nullified, and while during the period from July 1st, 1933 to June 30th, 1934, a total of 600,992 short tons of edible and soapmaking fats and oils had been imported, the total from July 1st, 1934 to June 30th, 1935 was 712,223 short tons. We chose this period for comparison, because it can be said that the full effects of the excise taxes were not felt before July 1st, 1934, in the quantities of forcing oils, and fats entered for consumption in the United States. Details of imports follow below. Dry ing oils, such as Rapeseed, Hempseed, Linseed, Perilla and Chinawood oil, were not included in our list, as they are used in the manufacture of paints and varnishes and have not been affected by the excise tax. (Please turn to page 40) IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 9 The World is on the Phone Place: the island of San Salvador. West, Indies. Year: 1-102 Action: ('liris Columbus picks up the re ceiver. “Operator, give me a radiophone connec tion with Madrid. Hello, kingsy. This is Chris. Yes, we found the Indies. What did I tell you! The world is round after all. The Philippines? You’re mixed up, they’re going to be discovered next century. Magellan will give a report on it then, via PhilippineI.ongDistance.” The rotundity of the world has long been a scientific fact, but the realization of it becomes lucidly evident, when you look at a copy of Good Transmission, the monthly magazine of Philip pine Long Distance Telephone Company, and see a map of the world at the feet of the balintawak-clad telephone girl. The record radio phone call thus far for this enterprising and most modern company was from Manila to San Fran cisco by radio, thence to New York overland, and from there to Rio de Janeiro by radio. Radio transmission is, of course, a modern miracle that has become accepted as a common place. The first thought of an observer, though, is how messages keep the privacy of the ordinary telephone conversation, since once on the air, the converse would seem to be anybody’s treat. Technology has a solution for this. A scram bling device distorts the words, defying any casual listeners to comprehend anything but static. The recipient of the radiophone call is served by an unscrambling mechanism that brings him the message clearly. Europe, United States, South America, the Orient mainlandall are on the phone. Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company recently staged Telephone Week on the islands of Luzon, Panay, Negros and Cebu. Part of their progressive policy is explanation of their many services; thousands saw the actual opera tion of their insular system as well as their trans oceanic hookup. This is the thirtieth year of their existence. When they came to the islands, the telephone was evolving, still is. It was born and raised in a temperate zone. The adaptation of the inven tion to the tropics was a real problem. There were humidity, heat, white ants, mud wasps, typhoons, and general tropical deterioration of materials to face. Slowly the service was built to its present efficiency and scope, serving in dustry now with every facility that the newest in scientific invention has to offer. The Philippines’ resources were called upon wherever possible. Apitong posts are used, narra cabinets. The handsome company offices are paneled with acle. and this motif carried out in the furniture. Philippine schools have supplied many techni cians for the responsible work of installation, servicing and repair. Government licenses are necessary in the higher technological brackets. The public in the Islands has become more telephone-minded, and at present the use of the telephone is growing rapidly. All workers in the Philippine Long Distance Company’s ranks arc impressed with the fact that unless patrons arc satisfied, the purpose of the organization GANDARA Father of the telegraphic system in the Philippines was Lieutenant General Jose de la Gandara y Navarro, governor of the Islands from 18G6 to 18G9, during which period, besides the telegraphic system, an hydrographic survey was begun, light houses were built, the department of mines was created and the department of public works reorganized and bettered. A law of copyright was enacted, sanitary regula tions were published, and primary educa tion reformed. Calle Gandara, well known nowadays for its shoe shops and junk merchants’ places, was named for Gov ernor General Gandara in 1868. Tele phones came to the Islands much later, and progressed only under the franchise granted the Philippine Telegraph and Telephone Company (now the Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company) early in the American period. is unfulfilled. The G80 employees have depart ment meetings, salesmanship training, their own magazine which has already been mentioned, an employees’ club, contests. The loyal coopera tion of this large group to company policy is revealed by the fact that, when a cash prize is won by some certain group, the money is more likely than not used to give an employees’ din ner which further stimulates fraternity. Business has come to depend closely on long distance, naturally taking intra-city telephones as a matter of course. Radiophone circuits have been established between Manila and Iloilo, Cebu and other towns. Teletype Manila-Baguio and reverse has proved such a success that the device will be extended, according to present plan, to almost every town on Luzon where Philippine Long Distance has stations. An ordinary typewriter keyboard suffices, grounded in mechanisms un derstandable only to the initiate, to flash a mes sage instantly. As the writing appears before you on the teletype, the same moment it appears on the machine of the Baguio operator. You lift your hands off the keyboard, the Baguio operator sends an answer which veritably comes from the heavens, but there it is on the teletype tape of the machine. The terminal control room of the radiophone set-up hides its intricacy behind a simple head phone and many dials. Actually the trans mitting station is at Manila Heights, 12 kilome ters from Plaza Lawton. The receiving station is located at Muson, Bulacan, 33 kilometers away in the other direction. Voices (so the technicians say) are passed through under ground cable to the control room. Practically 95 per cent of the world’s telephones can thus be reached. Only slight handicaps arc magnetic disturbances and interfering stations, for pa trons of transoceanic radiophone service desire and get good transmission, the company’s goal. Within the city of Manila, the dial system is, no less, a scientific miracle. You dial the first digit of a telephone number, electricity tests whether or not that trunk line is open. And so another, and another digit. A myriad of levers and cables interlock to take your voice through space. The high efficiency of Philippine Long Dis tance Company’s public service reflects the progressive policy of its officials: Theodore Vail Halsey of San Francisco, president, J. E. II. Stevenot, executive vice-president and general manager; Theo L. Hall, vice president and as sistant general manager;’Jos6 S. Galvez, treas urer; George W. Dankworth, secretary. Employees reciprocate liberal treatment on the part of the company. They are proud of their work, of their departments. The chow lint; at the annual picnic, a tradition, shows smiling faces. The excellent 28-page magazine is con tributed to almost entirely by the workers. Titles of some March articles read: Our Partici pation in the H).i6 Manila Carnival; Provincial Executives Commend Efficiency of Our Telephone Service; The Decibel; The, Phantom Circuit; Our Organization One of the Best; Holl of Honor. W. E. Gallipauc was its editor, now turns this phase of his work over to Mrs. Dominga Aviado-Ruiz. Compliments ‘of the EL DORADO OIL WORKS NATIONAL CITY BANK BLDG. MANILA IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL, 10 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 The American Chamber of Commerce OF THE Philippine Islands (Member Chamber of Commerce of the United States) DIRECTORS: ALTERNATE DIRECTORS: P. A. Meyer, PruiJtar L. K. Cotterman C. S. Salmon, Vin-Pruiimt A. G. Henderson Jobo L. Headingcon, Trumrir D. L. Cochran I. C. Rockwell E. M. Dachrach E. M. Grimm Verne E. Miller SECRETARY: S. F. Gaches C. G. Clifford E. Schradieck H. M. Cavender EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE: P. A. Meyer. Cb,>rm,n C. S. Salmon COMMITTEES PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE: P. A. Meyer, C. S. Salmon Roy C. Bennett RELIEF COMMITTEE: C. G. Clifford, Clerrmerr MANUFACTURING COMMITTEE: K. B. Day, Cb.trm,. F. H. Hale C. A. Kestler D. P. O’Brien BANKING COMMITTEE: W. Douglas, E. E. Wing J. R. Llovd RECEPTION. ENTERTAINMENT and HOUSE COMMITTEE: C. S. Salmon, Cbairman LEGISLATION COMMITTEE: E. E. Sclph, Chairman C. S. Salmon L. D. Lockwood C. G; Clifford SHIPPING COMMITTEE: E. M. Grimm, C^irn«. H. M. Cavender Chester Sharp A.G. Henderson FINANCE COMMITTEE: Verne E. Miller, C4<rrrwJB E. J. Deyroek FOREIGN TRADE COMMITTEEH. B. Pond, Cba,rm„n N H. Duckworth Carro. Young INVESTMENT COMMITTEE: P. A. Mever. C/,arrmJn C. S. Salmon Philippine Motor Trade Among Far East’s Best Nearly 45,000 motor vehicles taxed last year, returns equaling 50c/c of the gasoline and oil specific taxes. China with 400 million inhabitants enjoys 41,500 motor vehicles, automobiles chiefly. The Philippines with 14 million inhabitants had 44,302 motor vehicles registered and taxed in 1935, 42,909 in 1934, an increased number of 1,453 in a single year. In use of motor vehicles the Islands compare with Norway; they have 50f/ more cars than Finland, more than 7 times as many as Manchukuo, that has twice their number of inhabitants; but with twice the population of wooland wheat-producing Australia, they make a poor showing against Australia’s 575,000 ears. The motor vehicle map we reproduce from Business Publish ers Inlcrnalional Corporation gives little New Zealand, po pulation 1-60/100 million, 174,627 cars. New Zealanders arc much given to outdoor pleasures; wealth deriving from farming and grazing is well distributed, and prior to the depression New Zealand boasted the highest per capita wealth in the world. Japan with 5 times the population of the Philippines has 120,472 cars: comparative populations are as 5 to 1; cars compare as less than 3 to 1. Until recently, the Philippines had more cars than Japan. If there is some loose proportion traceable between motor cars used and per capita wealth, the Philippines compare well with Japan, poorly with Austra lia and New Zealand, well with the Dutch East Indies whose more than 60 million inhabitants find, with their 53,595 cars, small use for enormous quantities of petrol produced yearly. Last year’s upping of registered motor vehicles in the Philip pines attests the prosperity of a considerable class here. Trucks registered were 16,457, automobiles 27,381, motor cycles 524. There was considerable buying of trucks by the larger transportation companies, when the improved commo dity markets brought them reviving passenger trade. Mining also helped truck sales. This year began with sales of 550 automobiles during January and February, of trucks 492. The table we publish reviews car registrations in the Islands from the beginning of operations under the general motor vehicle act. The public-works division administering the THE 1955 WORLD MOTOR CENSUS CART - TRUCKS - BUSES April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 11 act is under Salustiano Reyes. Often overshadowed in the news, it is a lucrative tax agency somewhat above par with the forestry bureau. Its receipts last year approximated 1*2,700,000: registration fees, drivers’ license fees, fines, etc., with a low percentage of collection costs. The Philippines having a highway system embracing some 5,000 kilometers of first class roads to keep up, these taxes are material aid in that direction. The gasoline and oil specific taxes last year summed approximatelyf*5,500,000—only double the auto mobile taxes. MOTOR VEHICLES REGISTERED IN PHILIPPINES, ALSO CORRESPONDING INCOME, EXPENDITURES, CHAUFFEURS Total number of employees—98. Total amount of salaries—P63,223.00. Year Automobiles Trucks Motorcycles Total Chauffeurs Income Expenditures Percentage 1912..................... 947 180 459 1,586 2,650 P 13,469.00 1* 3,930.70 29.2 1913..................... 1,508 237 711 2,556 3,345 19,392.66 19,630.72 101.5 1914..................... 1,993 320 882 3,295 4,980 16,335.00 15,874.74 97.25 1915..................... 2^674 383 1,050 4,207 5,675 20,305.00 16,233.22 79.5 1916..................... 3,295 399 876 4,570 6,980 37,561.97 9,041.95 24.0 1917..................... 4,524 559 1,209 6,292 7,554 62,002.19 18,414.31 29.7 1918..................... 5,445 769 1,111 7,325 8,345 84,243.74 81,051.79 96.25 1919..................... 6,892 1,310 1,038 9,240 14,554 113,909.11 70,000.00 61.5 1920..................... 9,692 2,689 1,181 13,562 15,264 177,263.24 75,000.00 42.25 1921................. 9,481 2,747 1,113 13,341 16,859 207,275.53 64,000.00 30.9 1922..................... 9,537 2,904 965 13,406 17,939 518,825.85 47,774.93 9.2 1923..................... 9,662 3,118 909 13,689 17,042 628,918.54 60,000.00 9.55 1924..................... 10,973 3,870 833 15,676 22,632 633,214.36 50,000.00 7.8 1925................. 13,549 5,225 815 19,589 25,127 798,438.62 63,025.55 7.9 1926..................... 16,239 6,541 758 23,538 33,440 985,561.28 62,555.55 6.35 1927..................... 18,547 8,283 767 27,597 40,049 1,145,369.34 83,040.00 7.25 1928..................... 19,791 9,552 703 30,046 47,956 1,254,684.81 103,040.00 8.23 1929................. 21,341 10,365 574 32,280 52,921 1,341,364.17 154,500.00 11.45 1930..................... 22,899 14,380 388 37,667 57,344 2,015,772.49 158,308.18 7.86 1931..................... 23,373 14,131 385 37,889 59,097 1,895,165.40 183,021.70 9.63 1932..................... 25,187 15,772 626 41,585 62,218 1,852,637.40 168,608.78 9.13 1933...................... 24,865 15,237 554 40,656 61,983 2,476,917.86 163,786.95 6.64 1934..................... 26,507 15,868 534 42,909 65,310 2,515,860.94 132,310.42 5.28 1935..................... 27,381 16,457 524 44,362 65,859 2,786,923.96 148,866.79 5.35 I fjESTLE’S CHOCOLATES and save the stamps for the kiddies. Send us ten of these stamps and we will give you a BEAUTIFUL ALBUM with your ten stamps pasted in the correct places. For full particulars write to— NESTLfi AND ANGLO-SWISS MILK PRODUCTS,’ LTD. P. O. Box 538, Manila Manila—Europe Luxury Liner S.S. CONTE VERDE April 16th, 1936, From Hongkong to Trieste Via Singapore—Colombo—Bombay—Port Said—Brindi si—Venice—Overland to Genoa, Naples, London Stopover privileges. From Egypt the voyage may be continued by five optional routes of the Mediterranean services. Through Tickets to the U. S. and Round the World at Reduced Fares. EXPRESS SERVICE vi* INDIA - EGYPT - ITALY ITALIA LINE—LLOYD TRIESTINO—COSULICH LINE Smith, Bell & Co., Ltd., Agents HONGKONG & SHANGHAI BANK BLDG.. PHONE 2-31-31 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 12 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 LIONS COUCHANT Coats-of-anns in medieval times were a solemn matter, and no doubt pretty when a set of quarterings blazed forth in color upon the escutcheon of a crusading knight. “Lions rampant in a field of argent”, reads one of the descriptions; the color argent, or silver, connoting the purity of knightly ideal. And the raging rampant lions roared. Some books are leonine. These are gorged with thought, and couchant : A Primer for Tomorrow, by Christ ian Gauss. Death of the (rods, by Dimitri Merejowski. Freedom of the Press, by George Seldes. What Xe.rt in Europe, by Sir Arthur Willert. The tit le . 1 Primer for Tomorrotr quietly puts you, a reader, in the kindergarten. Christian Gauss means it so, in naming his lucidly-written book on the future of this changing world. Yet the title carries, too, his staunch belief that thinking men and women can learn, nay must learn, the lessons of society’s past mistakes, else chaos! Man’s creative resourcefulness can- solve the problem, Gauss affirms, picturing the funda mental Though, in the midst of the clangor of war and economics, not immediately appa rent) instability of modern civilization as the incompatibility of a superior technological order with lag in the spiritual essence of mankind. Now the world looks ahead, a bit anxiously. Before it looked backward, pluming itself on its accomplishment. What Gauss calls the threat of science, is the danger of an ultimate faith that the laboratory will solve social problems. The simplicity of such belief paralyzes the thought of man, in hibits him from throwing mental energies into creative remedy for social ills. Gauss is no alarmist in the ordinary newspaper sense. But he flics a warning shot in his chapter BONDS All classes acceptable to United States and Philippine Governments Fidelity and Surety Company OF THE Philippine Islands GEO. C. DANKWERT1I President P. M. POBLETE Sec.-Treasuier MONTE DE PIEDAD BUILDING Plaza Goiti Tel. 2-12-55 Manila, P. I. IFi'// There lie Soeial Revolution? “Many con servatives feel that the question of revolution should never be raised. It is precisely this failure to fact* the facts that made for the easy success of Lenin and Mussolini and Hitler. * * * It is never possible for one man to make a revo lution and it is only because they were excellent diagnosticians of historical phenomena that indi viduals like Mussolini and Hitler could sweep into power on tidal waves of cultural disinte gration.” Revolution occurs, Gauss holds with Unwin, when the gap between the government anil society becomes too wide. Intellectuals take up the cause of the oprcssed. The literature of America today reflects this course: Sinclair Lewis, Theodore Dreiser, William Faulkner, Erskine Caldwell, Ernest Hemingway, T. S. Eliot—this last showing “so clearly the malady of our culture, that lack of inner impulsion in any constant direction, which must be the first condition of every healthy civilization.” Fluent in a broad and sane presentation of the problem, Gauss meets difficulty in describing a solution. Yet it is at least implied: “Christ advised the rich young man to give away all that he had to the poor, this advice was given not out of sheer humanitarianism, but because Christ realized that man must disencumber himself of material goods in order that he may be free to seek the higher things of life. * * * The time lias come when, as a nation, we must take this lesson to heart. For the sake of our national soul we must relinquish our mad race for wealth and we must subject ourselves to a national discipline—perhaps not. unlike that of the soviets. Willingness to share, social justice must be the first step.” Death of the Gods is no inviting title; but it INSURANCE Fire and every other kind of insurance E. B. FORD Vice-President SIMEON REYES Assl. Secretary-Treasurer gives you a little wonderment if those gods— whichever ones you have—are indeed dead. Merejowski has a real theme, as all artists have. Julian, Emperor of Rome, had been reared a monk. Feared and bated by his reign ing uncle when he was heir-apparent, Julian on hearing of Constantine’s death nailed a new symbol on the standards of the Roman legions: It was the mark of Dionysius, the much-laughing god. He had been pursued too much, this Julian, seeing always visions of a sombre executioner coming upon him. Devout he was while a monk; his life and his hopes were secure. He even tried to convert the beautiful Grecian, Arsinoe, whom he loved. But Constantine, the patron of Christianity, died. He had sent Julian to war further upon the Gauls, and there the dark-browed youth, instead of dying ignominiously on the battle field as a monk ought, had captured the hearts of the Roman legionaries and risen to the im perial purple. So, with power, he attempted compensation for his dark years, even strove to share his emancipation with the Roman Empire'. Life’s irony cheated him again. Under Cons tantine, the Hellene gods were worshipped secretly and joyously. Under Julian, who rebuilt their temples, the populace crept fur tively to the catacombs. So Julian the Apostate tried to make himself a god, even as Alexander, and died on a Persian battlefield in the full light of the sun. Well, lie had loved the light-giver. The book is one of a trilogy, publication of Modern Library which offers so many excellent works at low price. Ninety percent of readers of the world press arc victims of purposeful propaganda, says George Seldes emphatically in his Freedom of the Press. He has a quarter-century newspaper work behind him, and scores of writing friends; his comment is to be taken seriously. This sounds as if Seldes has written a profound tome, but true newspaperman that he is, he reads like Damon Runyon covering a football classic. The Red phobia of “the Napoleon of San Simeon” is laughed down jauntily. In light of the coming presidential campaign, and the situation of world affairs generally, with the newspapers playing a key role, intel ligent citizens of all countries will want to read Freedom of the Press, note t he earmarks of pro paganda, and attain to a sweet scepticism. What Xe.rt in Europe by Sir Arthur Willert is a calm and reasoned study of today’s nation alism in the Old World. Noted as a journalist, Sir Arthur has had an international education: Eton, Balliol, and Universities of Montpelier and Berlin. Such a background gives a scholar ly tolerance to his observation. He inter sperses anecdote that, as always, is more revealing of the great ones than their orations. The book is an American reprint of the English edition which was titled The Frontiers of England. These books are available at Philippine Edu cation Company. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 13 Manila’s Interest in George Santayana Many eminent persons stem from Manila. Time of Feb ruary 3 picked up among these, probably the most eminent of all, George Santayana, the philosopher, essayist, poet, and novelist, author currently of The Last Puritan wherein he inserts strata of. philosophy and layers of erudite commenta ries on New England civilization between the essential parts of the story itself. Santayana has his first name from his Spanish mother’s first husband, George Sturgis. Sturgis, of the Boston family of that famous name, was a member of the firm of Russell <t Sturgis, Manila importers, exporters, and factors. Henry P. Sturgis came to Manila orig inally in 1827 and was granted the necessary royal authority for residence here as a merchant. George Hubbell of Bridgeport, Connecticut, was then the unofficial commercial agent here of the United States; he was one of the founders of the great Pacific trading company, Peele, Hubbell & Company. Upon his death in 1830, Alfred Edwards, another New England merchant, became the first American consul here under formal appointment and exequatur regio, March 4, 1834; and he in turn was followed by Sturgis. (These notes come from the National Library and Museum, by courtesy of the assistant director, Eulogio Rodriguez). Sturgis was one of the founders of Russell & Sturgis, and we believe he may be put down as the father of George Sturgis. The company flourished until sugar smashed it in 1875. John J. Rus sell, broker and well known Manilan of today, descends directly from the found ing Russell of Boston. You recall the power of Baring Brothers, London bankers, in colonial commerce: how in America they were the London agents of the southern planters. They equally interested themselves in the Far East, and Russell & Sturgis, though Americans, were their Philippine representatives—also their Canton representatives, where Russell & Sturgis were among the first to establish themselves, under the name of J. and T. H. Perkins. Henry P. Sturgis was the groom in the first noncatholic marriage at Manila. The bride was a Manila girl of Spanish descent, Josephina Borras, and the wedding took place aboard a British warship in the harbor. (Our authority, of course, that older readers will all recognize, is Regidor and Mason). For bride and groom to come safely back ashore, and nothing George Santayana miraculous avert their happiness, seems to have attracted as great a crowd at the waterfront as recently the landing of the China Clipper did: according to Regidor and Mason, it was no less evocative of popular wonder. George Sturgis must have been a child of this union. He too married a Spanish woman here, who bore him 5 children and, before he died, promised him she would bring the children up in Boston. She then married Agustin Ruiz de Santayana, a retired civil officer of Spain whom she met in Manila. They seem to have been married in Madrid, though it is possible they were married here; but in Madrid, December 16, 1863, George Santayana was born. As his mother had to be in Boston a great deal of the time, her other children being in school there, at least when he was 9 years old, George went there to live with her: the arrangement of having him part of the year in Madrid, then sending him for a term to his mother in Boston, his lather had finally wearied of. This resulted in Santayana’s education at Harvard, where when 26 years old lie was an instructor in philosophy and associated with such masters as William James, Josiah Royce, George H. Palmer, and Hugo Munsterberg. Five years later his first volume of poems came out, and then it took him 11 years to evolve the book Munsterberg tabbed the best on esthetics ever written in the United States, The Sense of Beauty. It was to be years later that he was to make James squeal with delight on reading his The Life of Reason. Having no more space in which to follow him, and his renown making this highly unnecessary, we revert to our sources, Antonio M. Regidor y Jurado, and J. Warren T. Mason. Regidor, though a Londoner, is a Filipino. Mason, an American, told us when we had him at luncheon, when he was last in Manila, that Regidor introduced him to philosophy. He is now deeply versed in Buddhism, and supplements his journalism with frequent lectures on this subject. There really ought to be a book compiled, of notes on men of eminence who stem from Manila either directly or indirectly; and should it go farther, it could embrace mentions of scores of young men and young women who, having had their up bringing here, during the past generation, have achieved honor scholarships at college and in numerous instances launch ed themselves abroad in most promising careers. NOTE: If you are Contemplating the purchase of a Radio Do not do so until------------You have inspected the different models of PHILIPS RADIO Models for AC 100 to 250 V A.C.—DC 100 to 250 V I Guaranteed World-Wide Reception On All Models T. J. WOLFF & CO. P. O. Box 920 66 Escolta, Manila Tel. 2-18-17 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 14 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 LETTERS Sam Houston III— Publicity Department, Oklahoma Military Academy, Claremore (Will Rogers’s town), Oklahoma. "Glad to hear from a fellow Oklaho man, especially one who knew my father. I have quite a few, of my father’s ad dresses and jury pleas, but not all. I have a picture of inv father and will have a print made from this within the next few days and will be pleased to send you one. I would be glad to see such an essay as you suggest writing. I know of no subject wherein there is more room to place a lot of truth. I was pleased to hear from you. Marquis James is like a brother.” (James, a young and able his torian, is the biographer of General Sam Houston; we have mentioned the book in our pages, The Haren. We have in mind expanding, some time, our censure of America’s failure to recognize with tan gible honors and rewards descending to the children, extraordinary services ren dered her by men to whom she owes such recognition as a matter of courseL Hon. I.co Kocialkowski— Chairman of the Committee on Insular Affairs, House of Representative's, Washington. “I write to express my thanks for your having sent me copies of the December and January issues of the Journal. I am finding them exceedingly interesting and certainly do appreciate your thought fulness in having sent them to me.” William Allen WhiteEditor & Publisher of the Famous Emporia (Kansas' Gazette. "I have never written anything about the Philippines and I am not sure' that I will be able to do so. If I do, I will send it to you. What a grand morning you gave us.” (He refers to the Kansas Breakfast by Kansans, addressed by Judge John W. Haussermann, in honor of Mr. and Mrs. White when they were in Manila for the inauguration of the Common wealth. In his own remarks, Editor White alluded to the strong possibility that Governor Landon might be the Republican nominee this year for the Presidency). Judge John W. Haussermann-— Manila’s No. 1 Mining Man who heads the Philippine delegates to the Republican convention who hope to win seats there. "Thank you for the book God’s Little Acre’ by Erskine Caldwell. It will give me some good reading matter for my trip. We sail from here (Hongkong) at 2 a. m. Tuesday, March 24.” (Judge Haus sermann’s main business errand during 6 months in the homeland will be in be half of his company’s chromite interests in Zambales. For general Philippine interests he will also be in Washington). Kerr Eby— American artist whose New York show was recently reviewed in Time. “Thank you ever so much for your letter and for the editorials. They are fine and all power to you. As a matter of fact we do think very much alike, and though both of us could have a perfectly grand time saying what we think has been done to Christ’s Teaching, wo won’t; for it would just start some more hell. It’s curious, but you are one of the very, very few who feel that something good is com ing. I have it very strongly, even though everything seems a mess. "With this I’m sending the little booklet quoted in Time. It was given away at my show in Ne\y York, and was made posLa. . The Caissons Go Rolling Along sible by the generosity of a friend. Both it and the exhibition arc having most extraordinary careers, the booklet popping up everywhere, and the show on its way from city to city right across the conti nent. Also the pictures, about 30 of them, and the article arc being made into book form. It actually seems to be doing what I hoped for in my wildest dreams and is all somewhat terrifying to one who is a bit of a recluse. "Very sincerely, Kerr Eby.” (From Eby’s home, Driftway, Westport, Con necticut. In the World War he was in the camouflage service of the United States, right in the thick of things in France. His remarkable sketches, one reproduced above, all protest eloquently against war and war’s terrible destructive powers that have been steadily perfected since 1918; and his booklet ends with the exclama tion, "For Christ’s sake, say or do what you can.” The editorials sent him were Peace, from our November issue, and Peace Cowl tilled, from our January issue.'' John W. Parker — Manager, Pacific Coast Division, Durkee Famous Foods, Inc. "I want to thank you for the praise of the Durkee organization printed in your November, 1935 edition. During the past two years I have been the most active defender of oleomargarine made from Philippine coconut oil. This has not been done from necessity, for we can make as good an article from the same ingre dients as any other manufacturer can. "I am inspired by what I believe is fairness toward the Philippines. I know the opposition to coconut oil largely results from prejudice created in the minds of the dairy interests. There isn’t the slightest connection between the price of margarine and the price of butter. If the cost to the margarine eater were increased in a goodly percentage, he would eat neither margarine nor butter because he could not afford either.” E. I). Hester —Counsel on trade and financial matters to High Commissioner Frank Murphy. "I want to thank you very much for sending along the Carr clippings. Miss Yule of Los Banos sent me several ad ditional ones. “Within the year, death has taken away our two leading humorists. True humor ists seem so delightful because their expressed viewpoint, and, in practically every case that I have known about, their actual personal lives arc so entirely free of any taint of greed. One must speculate whether the current national environment is conducive to the growth and appreciation of others to take the places of Will Rogers and Harry Carr.” (When we quoted Carr in January, we had not learned of his death in December from heart attack. Long the author of The Lancer, a column in the Ixis Angeles Times that he syndicated, his funeral in Los Angeles was a national event and his death was mourned by friends throughout the world—by none more poignantly than ourselves. In Manila, after he spoke at the Manila Rotary Club 3 years ago, the committee to mark historical places in the Islands was organized; and out of that trip through the Far East came, we believe, his last book, Riding the Tiger, that has been recommended to our readers as a lively and cogent comment on contemporary Japan). April, 1336 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 15 Compare U. S. and Britain . . . (.Continued from page 7) only limitedly high — America can hardly avoid recurrence of the depression. With all the demands of the automobile in dustry plus armament purchases, plus reviving railway purchases, steel is running only at 55% capacity; and at this rate, prices are kept high enough to help the companies catch up with back preferred obligations, few of them having weathered the depression without having to carry such old-rnen-of-tlie-sea on their shoulders. We would not say such a condition is healthful. The Chicago Journal of Commerce reports net earnings of 280 in dustrial companies up 5-1' over 1934 (in 1935); they made $676,000,000 in 1935 as against $439,501,000 in 1934; but of this difference of $2.77,000,000, General Motors, C. 8. Steel, and Chrysler among them made $120,000,000 and “. . . the tobacco, retail trade and food industries showed little or no 1935 improvement.” (Time March 2, page 614. What I'. S. Steel sells for cash we don't know, perhaps the bulk of everything it makes; never theless, bond proceeds buy much of this, ar mament materials, etc., and indirectly therefore it is a mortgaging of future income. General Motors and Chrysler market their quantities of automobiles primarily through the agency of chattel-mortgage' companies; and in all the new buying, these companies are prospering greatly—it was error to suppose that the depres sion would end installment buying, for if any thing it relined the methods of installment selling and fastened the system more firmly on the country. Therefore, what ha< the depression reformed? Very little. Outstandingly, standard banking: cheaper money is to be hael, if you have the securities to put up for it. But banks too are tempted to back enterprise liighlv dependent on what we believe are shortlived eireumstances; cautious as they may be, they will not altogether evade the losses incident to worldwide* abate ment of spending for war something that is plainly foretold, we think, in the cards. Whether i GILBEYS IO Sole Agents AH GONG SONS & CO. America relapses into depression or not, then, it seems perfectly evident that she well may do so. If a man has money in the Philippirtes where he finds use for it, he could go farther and find worse fields for its employment. The gold industry developing here, for ex ample, has no such flimsy footing as a steel industry making dreadnoughts; and mak ing these same dreadnoughts while America needs millions of plain homes and finds no means of building them without sacrificing either tlx* dole or the joy of a new and wellmortgaged automobile—possibly both. Train loads of new cars, but not even carloads of more food. Count up the American family incomes below the subsistence level, and figure that one out. Philippine University’s 1936 . . . (Continued from page ,) Director Eabian de la Rosa of the fine-arts school exhibited, his landscape Stone ll'all is acceptably well done. Eduardo Salgado, a graduate of tlx* school, does not price the best of his 5 pieces, a girl stringing sampaguita rosaries. Rodolfo Yee, Chinese, another graduate of the school, had a landscape, Isla de Balut, and a portrait study of a Chinese* girl; neither merits a second glance*, but both shew that the* artist may ele. something later, in the* frce* informal manner his native* culture* eie.es ne.t permit, that may be* worth while. The* weak of deceased artists was exhibited: Port unate. Basco, Lorcnze. Guerrero, Miguel Zarage.za, Rafael Enriquez, the* school’s first elireete.r. Enriquez's Head of Christ, essentially secular -Christ the* philosopher, Christ com panioned by simple* fishermen, Christ ne.t yet written of by Paul—is superbly done. One* critic (we* reproduce* the* picture) believes the* e*ye*s ve*ry eolel. Why she.uleln’t the-y be*? Why she.uleln’t Christ's eyes have been contemptuously ee.lel when Pharis.*cs*hone*yed round him? Would not a dozen situations in the* we.rlel today his Christian we.rlel, make* his eyes ee.lel and con temptuous again? Te> us the* eyes are* ne.t colei, but lincomfe.rtably penetrating. The* heart was never broken; final seizure was not a surprise; the mind knew all along the frailty of human nature, and this knowledge made the heart invincibly strong. Miss Purita Kalaw, Ann Arbor graduate, exhibited a few naive? studies, but more interest ing than these, a bit of batik painting on silk. A wood carving varied her little exhibit. Given the fact that freedom e.f expression in painting is so recent in the Philippines, the University does really well in being able? to show so much, with so many piece's available for purchase. As a lot, the 5 Guerrero pieces top the exhibitions colors rich and soft enough te> match the difficult subjects: 7'/ic Tempest, Mater Dolorosa, A Fire, The Estuary, Moonlit Night. In A Fire all the details of a bamboo village* in the? sudden throes of such tragedy appear—on a small canvas. — JE.IC llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll Exclusive Agents Botic a de Sta.Cruz P/aza Goiti Manila llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiii IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 16 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 “FILIPINAS COMPANIA DE SEGUROS” • FILIPINAS BUILDING 21 Plaza Moraga, Manila X ! Luzon Stevedoring Co., Inc. Fire Insurance- , Fire Arms 1 Fidelity Lightering, Marine Contractors Motor Car Insurance- BONDS.' and Towboats, Launches, Waterboats Mortgage Loans S u r c t y ' Shipbuilders and Provisions X 1 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ---------------- CALL AT----------------i Central Office, 2nd Floor SIMMIE & GRILK FILIPINAS BUILDING | Phone 2-16-61 Port Area Tel. 2-22-42 — MANILA — P. O. Box 745 1 Only with 100-watt lamp Plugs into your ordinary light socket—no installation is needed For the Living Room, Bedroom, Kitchen, Corridor or Porch. This Lighting Unit will decrease eyestrain and eliminate the glare of light from your lamp. See It on display at our Store Manila Electric Company 134 San Marcelino — Telephone 2-19-11 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL The new Suvoc Consolidated mill. Recent additions are the buildings at bottom right. Comprehensive Philippine Mining News Up to Date s The 65th Annual Statement of the Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada Reflects the Strength and Stability of Life Assurance A voluntary co-operative enterprise which for generations has stood every test HIGHLIGHTS OF 1935 ASSURANCES IN FORCE .. • Exceed Two Billion Seven Hundred Million Dollars. This is the amount which will be paid by the Sun Life as the policies now in force reach maturity. By thrift and foresight more than a million policyholders have provided, through Sun Life policies, for the support of their families in case of premature death and their own independence should they live to old age. NEW ASSURANCES PAID FOR .. . Exceed Two Hundred Million Dollars for the year. During 1935 more than seventy thousand persons established estates by purchasing Sun Life policies, thus providing security for many thousands of homes. POLICYHOLDERS AND BENEFICIARIES .. • Benefits amounting to Eighty Million Dollars were paid out over Two Hundred and Eighty-five Thousand Dollars for each working day. Since the Sun Life commenced business 65 years ago it has paid out to policyholders and beneficiaries well over Nine Hundreds Million Dollars. ASSETS .. . Of over Seven Hundred Million Dollars ensure that every Sun Life policy will be settled promptly when the time for payment arrives. ASSURANCES IN FORCE, December 31, 1935 .......................................$2,725,568,000 NEW ASSURANCES PAID FOR.................... 219,076,000 INCOME................................................................................................................. DISBURSEMENTS............................................................................................................................... 119,164,000 EXCESS OF INCOME OVER DISBURSEMENTS...................... 41,894,000 PAYMENTS TO POLICYHOLDERS AND BENEFICIARIES: During the year 1935................................................... 80,284,000 Since Organization.. 968,614,000 ASSETS................... . . . ... ................. 706,744,000 LIABILITIES, exclusive of capital stock and shareholders' account............................................................ 692,400,000 PAID-UP CAPITAL and balance at the credit of shareholders' account............................................... $3,281,000 RESERVE for depreciation in Mortgages and real estate............................................................................. 5,201,000 SURPLUS...................................................... 5,862,000 $14,344,000 The above Statement has been prepared and the assets have been valued tn conformity with the basis authorised by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners of the United States. SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADA HEAD OFFICE: MONTREAL Branch office for Philippine Islands HEACOCK BUILDING —MANILA A. F. PETERS, Manager IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 17 The First Quarter of 1936 A Summary of Mining thus far this year, with a comparison with the same period in 1935 By Ralph Keeler Mining-Section Editor and Reporter All Journal readers will agree that mining in the Philippines has grown enormously in the past few years; few of them, probably, realize the exact extent of this growth. The figures which have been brought together in this article speak for themselves. In the issue following the close of each quartcr year, the Journal will present a similar survey, by which our readers will be kept in constant touch with what is actually being accomplished. The figures don’t tell the whole story, of course*. The Journal will give the results obtained at each of the producing plants; here the figures are the measuring stick. The vast amount of exploration and development work can not be evaluated exactly; a million pesos spent in one spot may return Comparison of 1 Quarter ] Production, First L935-1936 Antamok Goldfields . 1935 1* 657,514 1936 1’837,387 Baguio Gold................ 244,966 266,559 Balatoc......................... 2,874,180 3,155,578 Benguet Consolidated 1,851,201 2,336,648 Benguet Exploration 73,728 66,834 Cal Horr...................... — 207,331 Demonstration............. 169,443 384,513 Ipo Gold... . 157,315 166,457 Itogon............... 556,196 575,359 I. X. I........................... 99,146 251,104 Masbate Consolidated 150,591 302,654 Salacot.................. — 126,838 San Mauricio............... — 77,755 Suyoc Consolidated 184,740 364,019 t'nited Paracale. 343,932 Total 1*7,019,020 1’9,462,968 many more millions in gold, iron, or chromite; or, on the other hand, it may be a total loss. At the end ol March, 1935, there were 11 mills in operation, with a total tonnage of about 3,500 tons a day. There was one placer opera tion, one iron mine; development was getting under way on two or three chromite properties. The first of April, 1936, saw 15 ore-treating plants turning out bul lion; two placc’r operations; two mills under construction, and several more ordered. The total tonnage today is close to 6,000 tons daily. Gold production for the first three months of 1935 was but little more than 1*7,000,000. This year it has been P9,000,000. Last year saw gold exports become the second most valuable product of the Philippines; second in value only to sugar. There is no way of determining the gains made by the industry; in other ways the amount of machinery, equipment, and sup plies sold to the mining companies has jumped enormously during the year. There are thousands more at work on mining projects than there were last year at this time, and still more thousands dependent upon the wages paid by mining com panies for their livelihood. Enough of generalities—now the Journal presents the figures about each of the mines now operating. These figures were obtained from the companies themselves; final mint returns may be slightly different, but only a fraction of a per cent. Gold first, alphabetically. Antamok Goldjields This plant has had probably the most remarkable growth of any of the producers over the past year. In actual bullion returns, Antamok Gold reported about 1*180,000 more for the first (piarter of 1936 than for 1935; its plant capacity has been raised from about 11,000 to 13,000 tons a month, with 20,000 tons expected within a few weeks. Its ore re serves have been increased steadily. During the first quarter of 1935 the company paid a dividend of P312,500; it has not as yet declared a dividend for the same period this year. The company has spent considerably in its plant expansion during the past few months. There is a new general super intendent, H. A. DeWitt, formerly mill superintendent; J. H. Sampson, general superintendent a year ago, is now head of the mine consultation department for the Soriano interests, of which Antamok Goldfields is the backbone. Ore from the Gold Creek mine has been treated in the Antamok Goldfields mill since April of 1935; bullion yield from Gold Creek amounts to P35,000-1*45,000 a month, which has been included in the Antamok Goldfields production. Baguio Gold The first quarter of 1936 sees this company definitely looking up. Its production for the period is but P22,000 more than during the same period in 1935, but the first three months of last year were the most productive of the whole year. To wards the end of the year Baguio Gold started to increase in plant and all-round efficiency, resulting in more bullion produced. Plant capacity is slightly more than the 150 tons a day of last year, but additions to both mine and mill equipment have added tremendously to the companies resources. There is a new general superintendent here, since late last fall, W. T. Graham, formerly mine superintendent. G. T. Geringer, gen eral superintendent for several years, is now doing consulting work. The company paid no dividend during the first quarter of last year, and none has been announced for the same period this year as yet. Balatoc The number one gold producer of the Islands is still main taining its 1200 tons a day capacity, and turning out its Pl,000,000 a month. This year’s three-month production figure is about P250,000 better than for the same period in 1935. The plant has been enlarged in many ways, chiefly as an aid to administrative efficiency. An increase in capacity is likely this year, but no definite plans have been announced. Dividends for the first quarter of 1935 were Pl,500,000; for 1936, Pl,400,000. Balatoc, as well as Benguet Consolidated, has been laying in unusually large supplies of dynamite, steel, and other necessities in view of the unsettled condition of world-wide markets. Here, too, there is a new general superintendent, D. W. Butner, formerly holding a similar position at Benguet Consolidated. A. F. Duggleby, acting general superintendent last year, is now one of the vice-pres18 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 idents of both Balatoc and of Benguet Con solidated, and is in active charge of operations of all of the Benguet interests. Benguet Consolidated The oldest plant in the Islands shipped nearly 1*500,000 in bullion more for the first quarter of 1936 than for 1935. Its plant capacity is still 800 tons a day; it still hauls them all as a money-maker. Dividends for the first quarter were 1*1,500,000, the same as for last year. Ore reserves are substantially the same. The development of adjoining properties owned and operated by the company have added consider ably to the value of Benguet Consolidated; Keystone is a notable example. L. W. Lennox is now general superintendent, replacing D. W. Butner who went to Balatoc. At this plant as well as at Balatoc, the policy of securing large advance supplies of necessary materials for mine and mill operation has been carried out. ('al Horr At this tinu- last year Cal Ilorr was under development. Owned outright by Benguet Consolidated, Cal Horr has shown steady gains in production since its plant started in January, 1936. Mill capacity is 150 tons a day; general superintendent is .1. B. Harrison. lienguct Exploration Production for the first quart er was some 1*7,000 less than in 1935, the reason being that the quality of ore mined has been considerably lower. This, the only all-leaching plant in the Islands, has a low recovery, but, with the present ore reserves of but comparatively short duration, cannot afford to construct a more efficient cyani dation plant. W. A. Solomon is now general superintendent, Gerhard Ett, former incumbent, now being at Masbate. Capacity is the same as last year—100 tons a day. Demonstralion This plant started operations late in De cember, 1934; its production for the first quarter of 1936 is over twice that for the same period of 1935. The company has had a steady advance during the past three months, particularly in mill efficiency with the installation of more equipment, designed to increase extraction. Orc reserves have been increased largely; a much greater capacity is being planned, and will be effective during the next quarter. No dividends yet, but you can expect some by the end of next quarter, so we arc told. Mill capacity is now about 175 tons a day, compared to 120 at the same time last year. II. L. Lile is general super intendent. I po Gold This plant, after a good start during the first quarter of 1935, reported a lack of ore reserves; development work later in the year brought about discoveries of new ore bodies, with the result that production has picked up consider ably since the start of 1936. Bullion shipments slightly more than for the same period in 1935 were recorded. Plant capacity is the same, 150 tons. General superintendent now is Ernest Burgess, formerly of Benguet. 1 logon In this case figures arc not indicative of cir cumstances. They show that Itogon produced but slightly more during the first quarter of 1936 than during 1935; they do not reveal that the typhoons of late July and early August, 1936, crippled the plant severely, to such an extent that product ion was slowed up for several months. Plant capacity has been raised from 300 tons a day of a year ago to 500 tons now, with still further increases planned immediately. The company paid a dividend of 1’148,584 for the first period of 1935; and the same amount this year. Ore development work has opened up a considerably larger body of pay-dirt. R. R. Allison is general superintendent. I. X. L. This company was but a small producer, with a stamp mill in operation a year ago; its pro duction for the first 1935 quarter was slightly less than 1*100,000. Early in 1936 the Soriano interests took it over; a general expansion, result ing in the construction of a cyanide plant, fol lowed; production so far this year has been 1*251,104, with the top yet to be reached. This property is one of the richest in the Islands; you will hear plenty more from it. Mill capa city is 150 tons a day; K. M. Stewart is general superintendent. Masbate Consolidated Another of the Soriano interests, and one which, within the next quarter, will be the largest single mining operation in the Islands. Panique Mines had been producing gold, on a small scale from an enormous body of low-grade ore, for many years when the property was taken over early in 1935 by the Soriano group. The old mill, in use for 20 years, has been gradually (Please turn to page 22) KoppeL 45/50 H. P. DIESEL MINE LOCOMOTIVE ORDERED by MASBATE CONSOLIDATED MINING CO., INC. RUHRTHALER DIESEL MINE LOCOMOTIVE 30 33 H. P. DIESEL MINE LOCOMOTIVES RUHRTHALER DIESEL MINE LOCOMOTIVES Arc Approved For Use In The Most Dangerous Mines. RUHRTHALER DIESEL MINE LOCOMOTIVES Are Equipped With The Well-Known MERCEDES DAIMLER-BENZ ENGINES Write Us For Details Sole Agents MANILA KOl’PEL (PHILIPPINES) INC. iloilo IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 19 Success of A Mining Brain Trust Many Heads Are Better than One, Particularly in the Complex Mining Industry ‘•Brain trusts” in the mining industry arc proving their worth day by day; witness the adoption of the engineering consultation department by the major mining companies in the Philippines. First started as such by Marsman and Com pany, the practice of maintaining a corps of experts, each the head of his own particular field in the organization, has spread to the Soriano interests, to the Benguet interests, and to other smaller concerns. Of those various consultation groups, that of Marsman and Company is the strongest. Mr. Marsman started the idea in 1932. Not a mining man himself, Mr. Marsman recognized the value of expert advice and has since assembled about him the most talented group of engineers in the Islands. Such an organization has been vital to the success of the varied in terests of Marsman and Company, which specializes in the management of properties and the examination of prospects. Most recent of the accomplishments of this group has been the growth of each of the five projects under Marsman manage ment: Itogon, Suyoc Consolidated, United Paracale, San Mauricio and Coco Grove. Last October Mr. Marsman announced that his engineering force planned to bring Itogon from 350 to 500 tons a day; to bring Suyoc Consolidated from 4,000 to 5,000 tons a month; to put United Paracale on an efficient running basis; to bring San Maurcio into production; to complete preliminary dredg ing working at Coco Grove. The deadline for each of these projects was set in March, 1936. Almost without incident, the planned construction went ahead; March found the new plants in operation. When you stop to think of the vast amount of detail necessary, of the fact that equipment and supplies have to be brought from the United States and from Europe, of the varying and often un element weather, and of the dozen and one other elements which tend to-interfere with schedules, such an achievement is remarkable. Satisfied with the results of this project, Mr. Marsman has announced still further plans for expansion. Itogon will be given a capacity of 800 tons a day, or 24,000 a month; Suyoc Consolidated, 6,000 tons a month; United Paracale, 400 tons a day, or 12,000 a month; San Mauricio (which started its mill in March) from 150 to 300 tons a day, or 9,000 a month; Coco Grove, steady production without fear of interruption during rhe rainy season. In addition to these projects, all of which are producing gold, Marsman and Company are general managers for Gold Pocket Mines, Inc., with which is Merged North East Placer Mining Syndicate; the North Mindanao Venture; Mindanao Mining Company; King Solomon Mining Company, which has taken over Shevlin Gold; and Acoje Mining Company, a chromite proposition in Zambales. The men who make up the Marsman board of experts have had a long and varied experience; most of them have been engaged in the industry in the Philippines for many years, and hence have a considerable knowledge of the peculiarities apt to be encountered here. The board of consulting engineers consists of Major A. Bcckcrleg, chairman, English engineer with considerable experience in the African fields; J. O. Grecnan, who was once general superintendent of Benguet Consolidated; J. O. Enberg, who had much to do with the placing of Itogon on a profit making basis and with the rediscovery of the Paracale dis trict; Alf Welhaven, who came to the Philippines after con siderable experience in the Korean gold fields; J. B. Stapler, once at Benguet Consolidated and later Itogon general su perintendent; G. W. Kerr, placer mining expert; C. A. Weekly, noted as a mill designer and operator. In the .geological and field engineer section is George Newman, J. E. Fyfe, E. W. Bedford, L. W. Buchanan, C. G. Scott, D. W. Blythe, D. W. Albee and S. Rohrer. At present, Mr. Enberg is in charge of the northern division of the company, which includes Itogon, Suyoc, and Acoje; Mr. Stapler, of the southern division which includes United Paracale, San Mauricio, and Coco Grove. R. R. Allison is general superintendent of Itogon for Marsman and Company; R. W. Crosby, of Suyoc Consolidated; J. E. Atkinson, of United Paracale; H. L. Barr, of San Mauricio; G. W. Kerr, of Coco Grove and of the N. E. Placer Syndicate; E. W. Bedford, of the North Mindanao Venture and of the Mindanao Mining Company; I). W. Blythe, of King Solomon; C. G. Scott, of the Zambales Chrome department, which includes Acoje; L. W. Buchanan, of the Gold Creek supervision contract and con sulting engineer for King Solomon. The executive heads of Marsman and Company are no less prominent, each in his own line. Mr. Marsman heads the board of directors as Chairman; E. E. Wing, Benito Razon, Elmer Madsen, Benjamin S. Ohnick, Alf Welhaven, T. J. Wolff, A. Beckerleg and A. F. Kelly are members. The executive committee consists of Mr. Marsman, chairman, M. H. O’Malley, secretary; Mr. Kelly, treasurer; Messrs. Wing, Madsen and Ohnick members. In Baguio, See your Favorite Films "ALHAMAR Chainus” (THE BAGUIO CINE) Comfortable wicker arm chairs. Perfect reproduction and projection. Metro'Goldwyn. Paramount, United Artists and Universal All-Star Plays THE ALHAMAR FOUNTAIN In the Lobby Ice Cream. Candies, Tea, Magazines And CAFE EXPRESS COFFEE ThVTsLANDS Session Koad BAGUIO Telephone 343 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 20 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 Men of the Mines New mill superintendents assumed their duties at ('al Horr and at Antamok Goldfields early this month. E. C. Bitzer, formerly assistant mill superintendent at Balatoc, is now mill superintendent at Cal Horr; W. A. Lihfesty, whom Bitzer relieved, is mill superintendent at Antamok Goldfields; B. D. Harden, mill shift boss at Balatoc, has taken over Bitzer’s job. Linfesty came to the Islands two and a half years ago, to become mill superintendent at Ipo Gold. He, with E. M. Bagley, head of the Balatoc mill, designed the Cal Horr mill, and he went to this new plant to put it in operation. His experience in the industry covers a period of about 25 years spent in the western states and in South America. Bitzer has worked at Baguio Gold, and Itogon. He came to the Islands in 1932 after taking his master's degree at the Colorado School of Mines. He was for some time a metallurg ist with the Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company in Ohio. Harden came to Baguio about two months ago, from Grass Valley, California. He attended the University of Oregon, and was for 12 years superintendent of the Bradley Mining Company in Oregon. Irving Endicott, who arrived in the Islands a short time ago, is now on the Ipo Gold mine staff, being transferred there from Balatoc. He came from California, and has had considerable experience in. the western states. Harry Morrison, who has been in Mindanao for the past year, is now on the Balatoc staff as a mine shift boss. The president, Courtney Whitney, and the chief engineer, George O. Scarfe, of Consolidated Alines, left Manila late in March for New York. There they will join Judge John W. TRY NOW CCCCNAS TAEACALEEA ! ! PHONE 2-25-77 Haussermann, head of Benguet Consolidated, in an investiga tion of the chrome market. Mr. Whitney is going by way of Europe; Mr. Scarfe, direct across the Pacific. During the same week W. G. Donaldson, engineer on the Consolidated Mines staff, returned from a vacation trip to the States. F. H. Kihlstedt, who came to the Islands to conduct a geological survey for the Philippine Iron Mines, has been retainod by Universal Exploration on a part-time basis. He will supervise development work and will make a geological survey of the company’s property at Maliit, Jose Panganiban, Camarines Norte. E. E. Burgess has been acting general superintendent at Ipo Gold Mines since the accidental death of James E. Hall, former general superintendent. A. F. Duggleby, consulting engineer for Benguet Conso lidated, was elected second vice-president of Benguet and of Balatoc at the annual meetings of the companies. In this capacity Mr. Duggleby will have active charge of the opera tions of the various Benguet projects, and in the absence of Judge Haussermann and of Francis O. Haussermann in the States, will be in charge of all business affairs. Two important changes were announced this month by Marsman and Company. Roscoe H. Canon, mine superin tendent at Itogon, has been promoted to the position of assist ant general superintendent at United Paracale, and Warren Gilkison, a newcomer to the Philippines has become mine superintendent at Itogon. Mr. Canon came to Itogon over a year ago, from the Cia. Real del Monte y Pachuca at Hidalgo, Mexico, where for six and a half years he was mine superintendent. He is a graduate of the School of Mines at El Paso, Texas, a branch of the University of Texas. He has worked in Arizona for Central Copper, United Verde, and the Copper Queen. Mr. Gilkison also comes from the Cfa. Real del Monte, where he worked for 10 years. He is a graduate of the Colo rado School of Mines, class of 1923, and has worked in Utah, Arizona, and in Idaho. The Best Month Yet! March saw another record-breaking period of gold produc tion. The total was P3,318,297—a gain of about P230,000 over the previous month. New monthly highs were made by Itogon, Cal Horr, Baguio Gold, I.X.L., and Masbate Consolidated. Cal Horr, in its third month of operation, stepped up steadily. Each of the others with new records did so because of increased efficiency, and for all by Baguio Gold, additional milling capacity. Here are the figures for the month: Antamok Goldfields.......................... P 294,260 Baguio Gold....................................... 96,112 Balatoc................................................ 1,013,041 Benguet Consolidated....................... 818,011 Benguet Exploration......................... 19,450 Cal Horr............................................. 81,785 Demonstration................................... 133,538 Ipo Gold............................................. 59,778 Itogon.................................................. 215,747 I.X.L................................................... 151,149 Masbate Consolidated....................... 138,939 Salacot................................................. 39,000 San Mauricio..................................... 77,755 Suyoc Consolidated........................... 98,910 United Paracale................................. 80,822 Total Production..................... P3,318,297 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 21 The Diesel Engine By Joseph P. Ruth Editoh's Note. The basic piece of machinery in any mining operation is the power provider—usually a Diesel engine. Thousands of pesos are invested in them; those interested in mining will like to find out a little about them. This article is the third in a series tracing the background of mining in all of its steps. It is borrowed from The Mines Magazine, publication of the Colorado School of Mines Alumni Association, and the author is the president of The Ruth Company in Denver. The Diesel engine is named after Dr. Rudolf Diesel, its designer. Dr. Diesel’s work is so impressive that it brings to mind the meagerness of what we who live contribute to our own fund of necessity and happiness. This great man was born in Paris in 1858, of Bavarian parents and he received a large part of his early education then'. The War of 1870 resulted in an exodus to England. From his residence in England the Doctor acquired fluent English, his Bavarian parents having taught him German. In Paris he learned the French language; hence he was equipped with a knowledge of the three greatest languages of the scientific investigators, and this, undoubtedly, played no small part in his tying the loose strings of scientific discoveries in thermo-dynamics of various investigators together, making his name, as well as his engine. He took a course in mechanical engineering at Munich Polytechnical Institute under such masters as Schroter in Mechanics and von Linde in thermo-dynamics. His first work, after leaving college was with the Linde Refrigerating Machinery interests in Paris. If there is any form of mental gymnastics for thermo-dynamics, refrigeration is it. Here, Boyle’s Law, Charles’ Law, Gay-Lussac’s Law, and many other laws, theories and hypotheses of great scientists cease to be inanimate principles and become dynamic in a big way. Here is an invention that was not picked off a tree, or stumbled over and then.picked up, but was worked out wholly on paper as a rational application of theoretic principles, so typical of the methods of research organizations of our big corporations today. You might say that Dr. Diesel was the first to use the powerful scientific introspection lever of modern research. To understand the Diesel engine, let us examine some machines and some principles. The first machine to examine is the compressor; the second machine the refrigerator. The first principle to examine is Boyle’s Law, and the second, Gay-Lussac’s Law. In the compressor, the piston repeatedly changes the volume of air in the cylinder from the maximum volume to the minimum, creating pressure. This pressure against the piston increases over atmospheric (which is pressure bv which air runs into the cylinders) twice at one-half the piston stroke and four times for 3 4 stroke*, and sixteen times at 7 8 stroke*, and se> on, in accordance* with what is called Boyle’s Law, or his discovery, as per the* graph of Boyle’s Law shown, which, simply stated, is that the pressure which the* gas in a cylinder at a constant temperature* exerts against the* walls of the* cylinder is inversely proportional to the* volume*. Now, every one* who has watched a compressor run knows that it gets hot. What causes this heat? Most people unfamiliar with engineering think it is the* mechanical friction of the piston sliding up and down the* cylineler, anel like* a brake on a train, gets hot. A little* reflection, however, shows that this is not the case since a brake shoe* has tremendous pressure applied to it and has a small area, whe,reas, a piston has a large area and a low pressure* against the; sides of the* cylinder. This heat is really caused by a peculiar physical property of air, and was discovered by Gay-Lussac. Ex plained simply: Every time the piston in a cylinder reduces the volume of the gas therein 1/273rd it raises the temperature of the air 1° C. or 1.8° F. The temperature is, therefore, a function of the compression. If, for example, the piston moves 5 '273rd of the volume the temperature would rise 5° C. or 9° F. Therefore, by increasing the compression in accordance with this law we must also necessarily increase the temperature*. Likewise, according to Boyle’s Law, reducing the volume increases the pressure; therefore, reducing the volume must also necessarily increase the temperature. With this in mind, let us examine the principles of refri geration by compression of gases. Charles discovered that if you compress a gas you must necessarily heat it, but if you circulate the gas so compressed thru a radiator, this heat of compression can lx; dissipated and the gas under compression cooled to atmospheric temperature, after the washing away, so to speak, of this heat of compression. Thisgasunderpressure if piped to an isolated chamber where a valve in the pipe line is so adjusted as to let the gas under pressure expand to low pressure, or atmospheric pressure, this heat of compression that was carried away in the radiator now becomes absolutely essential to the gas in order that it may expand to atmos pheric pressure and it absorbs this heat from the surrounding temperature wherever it is expanded. This is called the Carnot heat cycle and this theory of working was founded on the Carnot cycle for a perfect heat motor and perfect refri gerating machine, being simply a reverse heat motor. Actually, as the gas increases in volume its temperature drops 1° C. for each l/273rd increase of its volume. By this method mechan ical work is turned into the absorption of heat. Dr. Diesel here must have realized the heat produced by compressing a gas as being a function of pressure, and according to GayLussac’s Law, and Charles’ Law, by increasing the compression the temperature of the air at the top of the piston stroke could be determined, and naturally if the compression tem perature was materially higher than the Hash point of the oil injected into the combustion chamber at that pressure the carbon and hydrogen would combine with the oxygen, creating an explosion, driving the piston down, thereby converting heat into mechanical work which is the reverse of refrigeration. Dr. Diesel exhibited his first engine as a heat motor in 1897 at Cassel and explained its thermo-dynamic principles to a convention of scientific men which met there. It was pro claimed the greatest advancement in the development of power from heat since Watt discovered the separate condenser. Big steam power plants at that time were converting only 15% of the available heat in the fuel to useful mechanical work. Dr. Diesel’s heat motor, as he called it, converted 40% then i /‘least turn to !><>()< The new Suyoc Power plant. Three Dietel engines 22 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 The First Quarter of 1936 (Continued from page IS) replaced by the most modern machinery and equipment. Capacity will be 2,000 tons a day by May; production, well over 1*250,000 a month. So far this year the plant has turned out over 1*300,000 in gold, double the 1935 first quarter yield, and in spite of a great deal of construction and replacement work. A. A. Friedman is general superintendent. No divi dends as yet under the new management; the project is so far unfinished—but wait until the new plant is in operation! Salacot Another of the new plants. Started late in 1935, Salacot went as high as 1*45,000 in Jan uary, dropped to P39,000 in March, produced 1*126,838 for the quarter. This property should become a steady gold producer, with every likelihood of a larger tonnage (200 tons a day) within a few months. Frederick MacCoy is general superintendent. Suyoc Consolidated A year ago this plant was struggling with the problem of excessive copper in its ore. Now, thanks to the efficient work of the Marsman and Company consultation staff, that problem has been solved and the plant is going ahead to 6,000 tons a month. Production was nearly doubled for the comparative first quarters— 1*364,019 this year. R. W. Crosby is general superintendent. Ore reserves have been in creased considerably, and operating costs low ered. A dividend is expected soon. San Mauricio The first month’s work at this plant was outstandingly successful, 1*77,755 being pro duced from 2,700 tons of ore—and this from but 20 days’ work! Recent reports from the mine are to the effect that a considerable amount of high grade ore has been blocked out, with new veins being cut regularly. The present milling capa city is being increased from 150 to 300 tons a day, with even greater increases in sight as the mine development continues. Last year a prospect—this year the most promising of the newly opened operations; that’s San Mauricio! United Paracale Production for the first quarter was 1’343,932. This plant has been in operation since last May, and has been doing extremely well. Here again mill expansion is now going on; the capacity will soon be 400 tons a day instead of the present 150. Mine development is show ing good results, and by the middle of the year the monthly productionw ill probably be double the March figure'. BASE MINERALS Chromite A year ago the development of the vast chro mite body in Zambales had just been started by Benguet Consolidated, while work on the Florannie deposit in Camarines Sur was being pushed vigorously. Today it is definitely known that the Zambales deposit, owned by Consolidated Mines and operated by Benguet, is probably the largest in the world. Judge John W. Haussermann, Benguet head; Courtney Whitney, president, and George O. Scarfe, chief engineer, of Consolidated Mines, have started for the United States to find a market for the ore. Development work has been thorough; the job of getting the property in shape for actual mining is now being carried on. Florannie chromite will soon be on its way to the States; a contract has been signed with United Carbide. This ore body, however, is not very large; the chief source of Philippine chrome will be the Zambales deposit. The outlook for the chromite industry, as expressed by A. F. Duggleby, head of the Ben guet operating staff is to the effect that the hope for ore of the grade of that at Masinloc is in the rapidly growing electrometallurgical field which takes by far the greatest part of chromite ore consumed. He estimates the ore body to con tain, conservatively, 10,000,000 tons, of which a limited amount can always be sold for use as a refractory. The problem of Benguet Consolidated and Consolidated Mines is two-fold; first, to find a market; second, to find a direct reduction pro cess for treating the ore. Steps are being taken by both organizations here and abroad to solve both problems. There . arc several other chromite projects under development. To date none of them have proven anything like sizeable bodies of ore. Figures for 1935 show that during 1935 ship ments of chromite ores abroad amounted to 1,292 tons, of which 1,070 tons went to the United States, and 211 tons to Japan. The price paid averaged 1*18.22 per ton, United States, and P37.G0 per ton, Japan. Intestinal Fortitude Pardon our seeming levity but it’s the only polite way we can think of of expressing just what GOODRICH BROWN WATER HOSE has. This is what mine service demands of a hose and this is exactly what you get in GOODRICH BROWN WATER HOSE. It’s a tough hose for a tough job— ask the man who has used it. Goodrich Brown Water Hose GOODRICH INTERNATIONAL RUBBER CO. CORNER CANONIGO AND PENAFRANCIA i 5-69-71 P. O. BOX 1482 PACO, MANILA, P. I. PHONES) ^9-72 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 23 Iron There is one main iron orc mining operation in the Islands, that in Camarines Norte on Calambayungan Island and the Larap Penin sula. Here the Philippine Iron Mines is shipping better than 300,000 tons a year—310,544 in 1935 and probably over 400,000 in 1936. All of the ore produced here is shipped to Japan. Details of the Philippine iron orc industry were explained in the April, 1935, and October, 1935 issues of the Journal. Developments during the first quarter of 1936 were those of a successful operation. Recently a geological survey of the property was made by an engineer of considerable experience, and mining operations were doubtless facilitated by such an under taking. Figures on monthly production of the Philip pine Iron Mines arc not available, hence no comparison can be made. It is certain, how ever, that production is greater, and efficiency higher, than at the end of the first quarter of 1935. There is a small iron operation in Bulacan, where crude pig iron is obtained from a primitive blast furnace. The product is used chiefly for making farming implements for native farm ers, however, and the total output is negligible. Petroleum During the past year there has been consider able interest shown in petroleum deposits, par ticularly in Cebu. Anumberofoil seeps have been struck, but so far no evidence has been presented of the existence of a considerable quantity of petroleum of commercial quality. At present legal difficulties arc engaging the attention of the oil men, the cancellation of the oil leases a short time ago having caused much agitation. Prospecting is going on actively in a number of places, and it is not unlikely that there will be production on a small scale by the end of the year. General Development Several mills are under construction, and will be in operation within a few months. Big Wedge, in the Baguio district, will be one of the first to start operations; this plant is being operated by Atok Gold. In Mindanao, the East Mindanao Mining Company has started work on a new mill, which will be the first in that district. Gold River, which was just ready to start milling a year ago, is being operated by Benguet Consolidated. No information has been releas ed as to the progress of this development, but it is felt that decision as to whether or not the mill can be started will be made soon. King Solomon is being developed by Marsman and Company; here again a decision as to the worth of the property will probably be made within the next quarter. Coco Grove has been in operation for some time, the work thus far being that necessary to put the two dredges in safe positionsand to move them into pay dirt. Production should be going on steadily by the end of next quarter. In the Baguio, Paracale, and Mindanao dis tricts there arc several likely prospects which may turn into paying mines by the end of the year. One manganese property, that of the Sulu Mining Association on the Sulu Archipelago, is being developed, with nothing definite as to size of ore body or quality of ore announced to date. The Diesel Engine (Continued from page 21) as now into useful work. This first Diesel en gine now resides in the museum building of the Polytechnic Institute at Munich. Early Diesels were big and slow speed engines of 90 RPM and weighed 267 lbs. per H. P.; but thru the development of the heat treatment and the alloy steels, together with placing the proper steel in the proper place, Diesel engines for industrial plants and railroads can now be purchased that will develop 1 H. P. for every 25 lbs. of weight at 600 RPM. Many Diesel engines are now running as much as 1000 RPM. Aviation engines of the compression ignition type develop 350 brake horse power at cruising speed and have a 400 B.H.P. maximum output. In order to develop 350 H.P. this engine must run at 1900 RPM, and at this speed it develops one horse power for every 2.47 lbs. of weight, and develops 1 B. H. P. hour for .4 lbs. of fuel. Recently Junkers have developed what they call their Juno 4 Diesel Engine, developing 700 II. P., and a 30,000 lb. aeroplane is being built in Germany now which will be powdered with 4 Juno Engines. It is most remarkable that aviation in so short a time has overcome so many of the inherent difficulties of Diesel en gines in their application to heavier than air machines. In 1903 the Temple Press, Ltd., purchased an engine from the Diesel Engine Company of London. Dr. Diesel came to the works and inspected this engine! shortly after it was in stalled. It develops 80-90 B. II. P. at 160 RPM and has a single cylinder 400 millimeters in diameter and 600 millimeters stroke. It is coupled to a compound wound 530 generator. The engine is perfectly rigid when running. No vibration can be noted. A new coin when placed on its edge on the engine base will not fall while the engine is in motion. The engine ran constant ly until 1914, after being in service night and day, amounting to 400 hours per month, to meet the mechanical demands of the Temple Press publications. It is now used as a stand-by and can be started in a few minutes and will run its full capacity immediately. It still operates perfectly. To me. this is the greatest tribute that can be paid to any machine; usefulness, stamina, economy, and 30 years of it. This machine was built before alloy steels and heat treatment came into general use. Today this same power could be made from an engine weigh ing 4,000 lbs. as against 42,700 lbs. in 1903. In fact, today we get all of the stamina and economy of the Diesel engine for about 10% of what it cost in 1903. The province of the Diesel engine is well defined and all its own. In mining exploratory work, where the cost of an electric line is equal to, or greater than the cost of a Diesel engine, and where the development is problematical, a Diesel engine will give low cost per horse power for the development, and in the event a change is made, a Diesel engine can be moved, whereas a power line cannot be so readily moved. In big mining installations where power is used more or less continuously the electricity produced in power stations of large capacity will continue to be the best source of energy, not only because the amount of power used is great in proportion to the cost of a pole line, but because the mechan ical technique of producing power is divorced from the mining operation. Mining ore at a profit is sufficiently technical and complex with out adding to it the technique of generating power. However, where mines arc isolated it can and is being done. I feel that engineering is getting the most economic value out of every dollar expended, and with this object in mind, the most economical installation must maintain. Many adverse prophesies are heard regard ing the adoption of a Diesel engine for power. (Please turn to page 30) BI Bl II ---------- , Bl <Otl> WITH | —- — [a i yfOP THAT MAPEX * a Bl BI GORDON W. MACKAY C. F. McCORMICK BAGUIO OFFICE MEMBERS, MANILA STOCK EXCHANGE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BUILDING A4ackay & A4cCormick CABLE ADDRESS “CIMROC” TELEPHONES SHARE BROKERS 2-15-57 2-15-58 2 PLAZA MORAGA P. O. BOX 2-15-59 2688 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 24 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 TYPICAL MILL SCI' Balatoc's first flotation plant There were originally seven units in this set-up, and Precipitation presses. When gold has been Srecipita now there are nine. filtered out in these pressure presses. Thcv arc then m off, and the remaining bullion poured into bricks. Introducing: Chamber of Mines of the Philippines the new organisation of the mineral industries Last month the Journal reviewed the history of the Gold Mining Association of the Philippines and explained the reasons for its dissolution. This month we introduce the newly-formed Chamber of Mines of the Philippines, formed to meet the need for a comprehensive organization to serve the needs of Philippine mining. The articles of incorporation of the Chamber of Mines were signed, on March 9, 1936, bv Judge John W. Hausser mann, J. H. Marsman, Andres Soriano, P. A. Meyer, and R. J. Fernandez. The Chamber is a non-stock corporation, and its purposes (quoting the articles) are: “—to foster the economical development and use of the mineral resources of the Philippines; to avoid wasteful prac tices in the development and use of the said resources; to provide a medium for free exchange of ideas among members engaged in the mining industry; to coordinate efforts for the general development of craftsmanship and promotion of the health, safety and welfare of those employees engaged in the industry; to sponsor high professional and commercial ideas within the industry;' to encourage and safeguard legitimate mining investments; to discourage activities and practices inimical to the good of the industry; to gather, prepare, dis seminate and publicize authentic information relative to the mining industry; through cooperation among the members and with the Commonwealth of the Philippines, to enhance the stability and further the development of the mining industry of the Philippines in all its phases; and to undertake any and all transactions and business as may be necessary, proper and convenient in the accomplishment of the fore going purposes.” The Chamber is to have five directors; the incorporators, named above*, are the first board. Judge Haussermann is president of the organization, with Messrs. Marsman and Soriano vice-presidents. In the absence of the Benguet head, Mr. Marsman is acting president. Last week the machinery of tin* Chamber was set in motion with the appointment of \V. D. Clifford as recording secretary, and Gervasio Garcia, statistical secretary. The Chamber has three rooms in the Pacific Building; work will start at once on the execution of (he various plans proposed. The whole set-up of the* Chamber is different from that of the defunct gold association. Membership is divided into three classes: sustaining, contributing, and associate. Corpo rations, entities, and individuals engaged in mining, and whose mint's are in the production stage, are eligible to the sustain ing membership. Corporations etcetera engage* in tilt* de velopment of mining properties which have not reached the producing stage are to be known as contributing members, while mining engineers, officials of mining concerns, their staff and legal advisers, may become associate members upon proposal by two sustaining members or by one sustaining member and out* contributing and by recommendation of the membership committee. Admission to membership will be made by the Board of Directors upon application; negative vote of two members of the board will cause a rejection of the application. Member ship certificates are to be issued: membership in the chamber is not transferable. Each sustaining member is to pay an entrance fee of not less than 1*1,000.00 nor more than 1*2,000.00, the amount April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 25 :enes AT BAGUIO precipitated bv zinc dust, the precipitate is e then melted with fluxes, the slag is drawn iricks Main ore bin at end of tramline, Antamok Goldfieds. Trammed from the mine, the ore is binned here until needed at the crushers. to lie deterinijH’il by the Board of Director.' and to be based upon the production of the mine concerned, latch contribut ing member is to pay an entrance fee of P1,()()().()() and each associate member P100.00. Dues of sustaining and contri buting members are to be P 100.00 a month each, while each associate member is to pay 1*20.00 a year. Each sustaining and contributing member is entitled to one vote, plus additional votes depending upon the amount of dues paid. Associate members have no vote but may parti cipate in deliberations in the meetings. There is to be one regular meeting a year, on the last Thurs day of March. Special meetings may be held at any time upon call of the President. There are to be four standing committees, membership, technical, publications, and legal. The duties of those com mittees are obvious. The headquarters of the Chamber are in Manila; nothing has been said about establishing branches office's at Baguio, Paracale, or any other mining centers, but it seems likely that some such plan might be adopted in the future. There will be no regular meetings for the purpose of reading technical papers, as was the case with the gold association. T'he new Chamber is all business; it is to be to the mining industry what the sugar organization is to that industry. From the manner in which dues are assessed and vote's an1 allotted, Journal readers will see' that the' biggest producers will pay the* most to the* Chamber and will consequently have1 the most te) say about what goes on —a logical enough proceelure. The smaller concerns and inelivieluals will be* considerably benefited by this arrangement, since everything that is accom plished by the Chamber will help the* company with a 50-ton plant as much as the company with five' mills totalling several thousand tons. One of the* most important functions of the Chamber will be' the gathering and publicizing of authentic information about the' industry. At present the're* is nee central eiffice? for the' gathering of facts; the division of mine's has started along this line', but has been handicapped by a lack of funds. Only a few office's have' anything like* a complete library on Phil ippine' mining; the* Journal mining section has what is probably the1 emly up-to-date1 file* of that kind. You won’t hear anything sensational about the Chamber; according te> its incorporators, it will work smoothly and effi ciently, devoting its best efforts te> the? healthy development of the* mineral resources of the> Philippine's. Chamber of Mines Metts at Baguio Saturday evening, April 11, members and officers of the new Chambtr of Mmes dtnea at Baguio, bi the picture. Attorney Benjamin Ohnick faces the reader at the end of the table. Next him but one is President P. A. Meyer of the chamber of commerce, then A. F. Duggleby, ]. H. Marsman, IV. IV. Harris, Mayor E.. J. Halsema, A. G. Bellis, and F.. M. Bachrach. 26 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 COMPLETE LIST of Active Mining Companies in the Philippines The following information is compiled from the records of the Bureau of Commerce and Industry and the Bureau of Treasury, as of March 31, 1936. Such omissions as may occur are due to incomplete records, and will be corrected in subsequent issues. Each month, new companies registered will be listed, the object being to make file copies of the “Journal’s” Mining Review a complete reference on mining companies in these Islands. Directors: B. B. Aquino, J. C. Canavc, M. M. Castro, J. M. Castro, G. de Vera. Names of Companies Date of Authorized Capital Capital Paid in Cnsh Capital Paid in Property Total Capital Paid to Date Par Value Abra Mining................................................................................. ................... 5-2-33 1‘ 100,000 P 20,000.00 1* 80,000.00 P 100,000.00 P0.10 Courtney Whitney, President. Acave Mining Co., Inc.............................................................. ................... 5 41-36 404)66 3,725.57 3,725.57 0.10 Acoje Mining Co.............................................................................................. 10-14-35 1,000,000 8L275.00 " 81,275.00 0.10 L. Weinzhcimer, President ; E. Revilla, Secretary; R. Alumin, Treasurer. Acupan Gold Mining..................... J. Canson, President; C. Liin,, General Manager. 8-17-34 125,000 97,825.00 97,825.00 0.10 Agno Placer Mining....................... 10-28-33 1,000,000 261,425.00 233,673.57 495,098.57 0.10 L. R. Aguinaldo, President. Agusan Gold Mines, Inc............... 3-25-35 ““ 2504)66 “ 20.125.66 ’“ 2,000.00 22,125.00 0.10 Aldecoa Gold Mino, Inc................ 8-1-34 ' 100,000 80,000.20 80,000.20 0.10 C. M. Cotterman. President. Ambassador Gold Mining............. 9-12-33 500,000 500,000.00 500,(00.00 0.10 E. Cruz, Secretary. Antamok Goldfields Mining.......... 8-25-32 n/joti.ooo 875,000.00 500,000.00 1,375,000.00 A. Soriano, President. Atok Central Mines....................... 10-30-33 100,000 43,525.00 43,525.00 0.10 H. R. Andreas, President; L. Alaras, Secretary. Atok Gold Mining......................... 9-14-33“ “ 1“,000,000 7’47,966.00 747,900.00 0.10 H. R. Andreas, President; Leon Alanis, Secretary. Baguio Gold Mining...................... “ 5-13-30“ 2,000,000 1,299,418.25 1,299,448.05 0.10 P. A. Meyer, President. Balatoc Mining............................... 12-31-35 2,000,000 2,897^52.54“' 1 ,102,547.46 4,000,000.00 1.00 J. W. Haussermann, President. Batong-Buhaj' Gold Mines............ 11 1 -34 100,000 704150.06 70,650.00 0.10 Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Co. MINE SINKER PUMPS VERTICAL SUSPENSION or HORIZONTAL OPERATION Capacity 50 to 10,000 G. P. M. Head 75 to 2,000 feet Sole Agents for the Philippines The Earnshaws Docks & Honolulu Iron Works P. O. Box 282 60-110 Second Street, Port Area Branch Office Tel. 2-32-13 MANILA, P. I. Bacolod, Occ. Neg. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 27 Date of Authorized Capital Paid Capital Paid Total Capital Par Registration Capital in Cash in Property Paid to Date Value Names of Companies Beloy Mining Co., Inc..................................................................................... 11-26-35 I. B. Beloy, Manager; J. Beloy, Secretary; P. Beloy, Treasurer. P 80,000 P 14,848.40 P 14,848.00 P 0.10 Bcnguct-Atok Gold Syndicate, Inc................................................................ 1-12-34 H. H. Buck, President. 500,000 88,425.00 88,425.00 0.10 Benguet Consolidated Mining Co.................................................................. 6-24-03 J. W. Haussermann, President 6,000,000 4,832,281.57 1,167,718.43 6,000,000.00 1.00 Benguet Exploration, Inc................................................................................ 1-27-31 1,500,000 500,000.00 500,000.00 0.10 Directors: A. W. Ralston, M. M. Morgan, P. P. Whitmarsh, B. H. Berkenkotter, J. D. Highsmith. Benguet Goldfields Mining............................................................................. 5-18-33 J. F. Brou, Treasurer. 200,000 98,950.00 100,000.00 198,950.00 0.10 Big Wedge Mining Co.................................................................................... 9-4-31 2,000,000 776,454.00 776,454.00 0. 10 Bontoc Exploration........................................................................................... 7-26-33 200,000 27,000.00 27,000.00 1.00 Bued Mining Co............................................................................................... 11-25-33 S. N. Schechter, President 200,000 33,125.00 33,125.00 10.00 Buncg Gold Mines Co., Inc........................................................................... 4-11-34 Theo. L. Hall, President. 100,000 14,962.50 14,962.50 0.10 Buncg Mining Co............................................................................................. 3-5-35 J. Muller, President; A. Tolentino, Secretary; Mrs. A. Tolentino, Treasurer. 100,000 7,500.00 40,000.00 47,500.00 0.10 Bueno Mining................................................................................................... 5-12-34 M. Pujalte, Treasurer. 75,000 4,625.00 4,625.00 0.10 Bulakan Mining................................................................................................ 1-25-35 100,000 14,246.58 14,246.58 0.10 Cagayan de Oro, Inc............................................................................. 10-8-35 0. E. Hart, Manager; L. Doner, Secretary-Treasurer. 1,500,000 750,000.00 750,000.00 0.10 Cebu Gvpsum and Gold Mine Co., Inc...................................................... 4-23-35 M. Borromeo, Manager; V. S. Tujan, Secretary; F. Rcynes, Treasurer. 120,000 6,000.00 6,000.00 0.10 Cervantes Exploration..................................................................................... 11-28-33 100,000 7,037.50 7,037.50 0.10 Coco Grove, Inc.......................................................................... 10-24-35 A. F. Kelly, Secretary; M. H. O’Malley, Treasurer. 1,500,000 75,000.00 75,000.00 0.10 Concepcion Mining Co..................................................................................... 5-22-35 J. Conccpcidn, Manager and Treasurer; S. E. Imperial, Sec. 200,000 50,000.00 50,000.00 0.10 Columbus Placer Mining, Inc........................................................................ 6-25-34 30,000 18,000.00 18,000.00 Consolidated Mines, Inc.................................................................................. 1-17-34 5,000,000 3,094,673.34 3,094,673.34 0.01 Consolidated Chromium Corp......................................................................... 6-15-35 J. Pardo, Secretary-Treasurer. 250,000 900.00 100,000 100,900 0.10 Cordillera Mining Exploration........................................................................ 9-14-34 Directors: W. Robb, A. V. Fernandez, A. N. Abad, V. N. Valdez, A. Berrani, V. P. Mallari, C. C. Torrijos. 100,000 23,710.00 23,710.00 0.01 Demonstration Gold Mines............................................................................. 10-20-27 1,000,000 466,990.00 533,010.00 1,000,000.00 0.10 Dulangan Mining Interests Co., Inc............................................................. 12-13-35 J. McCord, Manager; B. Francisco, Secretary; M. de Eiguren, Treas urer. 2,000,000 546,000.00 546,000.00 0.10 Dulong Mining................................................................................................. 1-24-34 200,000 135,984.25 135,984.25 0.10 East Mindanao Mining................................................................................... 10-3-34 H. Gasser, President, A. A. Brown, Treasurer. 1,000,000 647,844.30 647,844.30 0.10 Equitable Exploration Co., Inc...................................................................... 9-15-33 150,000 69,9(0.00 69,900.00 0.10 Eureka Syndicate............................................................................................. 7-25-32 10,000 103,377.93 103,377.93 Filipinas Mining Corporation.......................................................................... 7-23-35 A. N. Luz, President; J. Barza, Secretary-Treasurer. 200,000 15,000.00 84,500.00 99,500.00 0.10 Florannie Mining Co. (Chromite).................................................................. 11-9-29 B. W. Cadwallader, Manager. 1,000,000 198,322.62 198,322.62 0.10 Gold Coin Mining, Inc........................................................................... 9-2-33 A. I. Reynolds, President. “Too j)6o 49,850.00 49,850.00 100.00 Gold Creek Mining Co.................................................................................... 4-22-32 H. C. Derhan, Asst. Secretary. 1,000,000 700,000.00 700,000.00 0.10 Gold Pocket Mines, Inc.................................................................................. 12-21-34 Marsman & Co., Managers; F. Cuizon, Secretary. 600,000 305 000.00 305,000.00 0.10 Gold River Mining, Inc......................................... 9-25-33 2,000,000 1,250,000.00 750,000.00 2,000,000.00 0.10 \iold Share, Inc............ 9-27-35 L. C. Moore, Manager; II. A. Lim^Secretary; I. M. Dincan, Treasurer. 80,000 20,000.00 20,000.00 0.10 Gold Wave Exploration................................................................................... 8-31-33 400,000 99,000.00 99,000.00 0.10 SHURDUT MILL SUPPLY CO., INC. HARD WARE-MILL-MINE SUPPLIES P. O. Box 1499 Tel. 2-41-25 MANILA, P. I. 318 Misericordia :CE JOURNAL IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF 28 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 Directors: A. Soriano, J. Fraser Brown, H. T. Fox, J. H. Sampson, E. R. Gargollo, B. Razon, E. A. Perkins. Names of Companies Date of Registration Authorized Capital Capital Paid in Cash Capital Paid in Property Total Capital Paid to Date Golden Eagle Mining Co......................................................... ..................... 10-3-33 1*400,000 P 139,225.00 P P139,225.00 Pl.00 Homewealth Exploration Co., Inc. (see Soft.)..................... ..................... 2-9-35 50,000 5,050.00 5,050.00 0.10 ‘I. X. L. Mining Co.................................................................. ..................... 5-12-32 1,000,000 1,000,000.00 1,000,000.00 0.10 Ibonan Development and Mining Co. (see Soft.)..................................... 12-2-33 2,500,000 800.00 2,499,200.00 2,500,000.00 1.00 Haw Mining Co., Inc...................................................................................... 11-27-34 100,000 29,000.00 29,000.00 0.10 Ilocos Manganese Mining............................................................................... 4-21-34 300,000 34,505.00 198,400.00 232,905.00 Ipo Gold Mines................................................................................................ 1-18-32 1,000,000 10,000.00 766,500.00 ~ 776,500.00 1,00 Itogon Mining Co............................................................................................ Directors: J. H. Marsman, E. E. Wing, Alf. Welhaven, C. F. Moelich, Jr., M. A. Marsman. 1-30-25 2,000,000 1,881,122.00 100,000.00 1,981,122.00 0.10 King Solomon................................................................................................... 3-22-33 1,500,000 62,076.23 565,000.00 627,076.23 0.10 Lacub Mining................................................................................................... C. Whitney, President, B. W. Guyse, Treasurer. 7-18-34 200,000 59,205.00 59,205.00 Luzon Consolidated Mines and Co., Inc..................................................... A. Pablo, Secretary-Treasurer. 2-12-35 250,000 98,472.00 98,472.00 0.01 Mabuhay Mining Co....................................................................................... 9-27-33 200,000 100,000.0.) 100,000.00 0.10 Macanaocd Mining........................................................................................... 1-20-32 5,000 3,095.00 3,095.00 Mambulao Gold Mining Co.............................................. ............................. Dirt ctors: A. A. Brimo, President, J. Vidal, J. C. Quijano, P. Johnson, B. F. Ellis, J. M. Shurdut, T. del Rio. 4-23-35 1,500,000 85,200.00 85,200.00 0.01 Mankayan Gold Mines, Ltd. W. W. Harris, Pres..................................... 10-25-34 500,000 119,410.00 119,410.00 0.10 Manukatok Mining Co., Inc........................................................................... A. J. Jison, E. Santos, C. C. Cruz, M. J. de Lopez, R. L. de Santos, A. B. M. Jison, J. M. Feliciano. 10-13-33 300,000 145,017.96 145,017.96 0.10 Marsman & Co., Inc........................................................................................ 10-12-29 300,000 no-oar shares 158,060 ; no-par shares 1,535,781.81 net worth Masbate Consolidated...................................................................................... A Soriano, President, J. F. Brown, Vice-President. 3-1-35 5,000,000 5,000,000.00 5,000,000.00 0.10 Mayon Mining Corp......................................................................................... 10-14-33 100,000 13,607.00 13,607.00 0.10 Midas Gold........................................................................................................ 10-11-33 100,000 32,000.00 58,000.00 90,000.00 1.00 Mindanao Mining Co....................................................................................... A. M. Opisso, President. 1-26-34 300,000 110,087.93 57,239.90 167,327.83 0.10 Mindoro Nugget Placer................................................................................... J. T. Weeks, Secretary-Treasurer. 3-2-34 9,000 450.00 450.00 0.10 Mindoro Good Luck Placer............................................................................ J. T. Weeks, Secretary-Treasurer; H. R. Carphu, Treasurer. 3-2-34 10,000 500.00 500.00 0.10 Mineral Exploration and Development........................................................ 12-1-33 250,000 50,000.00 101.60 50,101.00 1.00 Mineral Resources, Inc.................................................................................... 11-25-33 1,000,000 449,199.47 500.00 449,699.47 Montezuma Consolidated Mining Co............................................................ H. R. Andreas, President. 12-26-33 150,000 64,601.00 919.90 65,520.00 0.10 Mother Lode Mining....................................................................................... 1-2-34 300,000 29,475.00 29,475.00 0.10 Mt. Goldfields, Inc........................................................................................... 1-23-34 100,000 68,620.00 68,620.00 0.10 Muyot River Mining....................................................................................... F. Segado, Secretary. 12-23-33 1,000,000 100,200.00 100,200.00 0.10 National Gold Mining..................................................................................... F. B. Mortera, President. 2-18-32 50,000 2,513.00 2,5 13.00 0.01 North Camarines Gold Mining Co................................................................ Directors H. W. Wendt, F. Lusk, W. W. Harris, C. W. Armstrong, H. A. Wendt. 9-25-34 400,000 124,063.75 124,063.75 0.10 Northern Ilocos Mining Exploration, Inc.................................................... V. T. Fernandez, President-Treasurer. 250,000 ” 7,500.00 7,500.00 0. 10 North Star Syndicate, Inc....................................................................... F. H. Myers, President. TT-34 400,000 46,940.00 200,000.00 246,940.00 A0.10 B 100.00 Northern Mining and Development Co., Inc.............................................. Directors J. Canson, A. G. Bellis, B. Fairchild, A. K. Spielbergcr. ”1^17=34” 750,000 97,600.00 97,600.00 0.10 Oriental Placer, Inc.......................................................................................... ”1^26^34 80,000 4,000.00 4,000.00 Paracale Amalgamated Mines, Inc................................................................ R. J. Ongsiako, President; E. Guevara, Secretary; I. I). Lenox, Treas urer. ”8-12-35 500,000 1,000.00 1,000.00 ' "o7io Paracale Gold Mining Co............................................................................... 7-9-34 1,000,OCX) 149~690700 149,690.00 0.10 Paracalc-Gumaus Consolidated Mining Co.................................................. W. W. Harris, F. Lusk, P. A. Meyer, J. B. Hoover, H. A. Wendt, M. F. Greenfield, A. Elizalde. 1-25-35 400,000 161,770.00 161,770.00 0.10 Payay Manganese Mining Co........................................................................ A. Daguio, Manager; W. G. Jensen, Secretary-Treasurer. 7T-3-35 300,000 135,000.00 135,000.00 0.10 OVEJERO GENERAL MEMBERS, MANILA 4-6 Plaza Moraga Manila • ' • P. O. Box • • 2569 & Hall BROKERS STOCK EXCHANGE Telephones • . 2-42-12 . o 2-42-14 2-42-21 IN RESPONDING W ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 29 Peninsular Mining Co., Inc. ..................................................................... Ci. ('. Hunter, Manager-Treasurer; L. C. Moon', Secretary. Pennsylvania Oil Co. "of Phil., Inc. _ . _E- A. Prats, President; S. l.'garte, Sec. T. Arbadji, Trea. Philippine Chromite Mining............................................................................ Philippine Dorado Mining Corp..................................................................... Philippine Cold Mines, Inc............................................................................. Philippine Mines Syndicate........................................................... _. .......... Philippine Mineral Mining Corp...................................................... ............. Pilar Copper Mines, Inc. .............................................................................. E. Montilla, President and General Manager. __ _ _ Placer Operating Corp..................................................................................... _ H. L. Reich, Secretary-Treasurer. ____ ___ Prudential Mining Co., Inc........................................................................... A. M. Opisso, President and Manager; L. Gimcnez, Secretary; G. Ber___ trail de Lis, Treasurer. Pugo Mining Co., Inc...................................................................................... Rio Verde, Inc................................................................................................... Salacot Mining Co............................................................................................ San Jose Syndicate Mines. ............................................................................. ___ T. Certeza, Manager; S.J’,._¥ap,-Secretary; L. S. Van, Treasurer. S:m Mauricio Mining Co. A. Beckerleg, Vice-Pros................................... Santa Maria Development Alining Co.......................................................... _ M-_A- Bayona, Secretary-Treasurer. Santa Rosa Mining....................................................................................... C. Tuason, G. _P. N'<*va, P. Angulo, T. Teodoro. Shevlin Gold Mining....................................... H. C. Heald, President. Solano Oil Co. ........................................................................................ Carl Hess Jr., Manager; M. Simon, Secretary-Treasurer. Dal.' of Authorized Capital ‘•^Cash"*1 ‘in'p^r'riy* Paid'toDate Value 10 29-35 P 1,000,000 1’50,750.00 I 1’50,750.00 1’0.10 9-6-35 25d?000 57,450.00 57,1501)6 50’6 10-28-33 ■306,000" ■ " 53726.00 " 53,726.00 0.10 11-13-34 2,000,606“" "195,000.00 195,66066 "0.10 7-14-34 25,000 12,200.00 12,200.00 9-22 -33 Too,060 67,580.00 (>7,580.00 4-13-35 " 49?500" 3,2501)0 3,000.03" 6,250.03 0.01 9-20-35 300'000 " "43,450.00 120,000.06 163,450.00 0.10 3-29-33 10,000" "1’0,006.66 10,000.00 1.00 11- 14-35 500,000 27,250.00 27,250.00 0.10 3-13-33 100,000 96,841.00 96,841.00 100.00 6-25-34 ‘ 210,000 136,817.78 15,432.22" 152,250.00 "11-28-33 2,400,660 ’ 865,512.66 1,527,387.34 2,392,900.00 0.10 1-9 35 1,000,000 373,372.82 433,570.00 0.10 1 24-34 800,000 500,000.00 500,0001)0 oTTo 5-24-33 20,000 4,6501)0 4,650.00 6-1-34’ fodoo’o" 113,091.55 113,091.55 0.01 9-1133 Too,006 " od.oodoo" 161600.00 100,000.00 5-16-35 16,060 The Expert employs time-honoured tests and can judge Whiskv by its aroma alone. With WHITE HORSE you have the peat and heather flavour to confirm your first impression. The exceptional smoothness to the palate is convincing evidence of its great age, and lias inspired particular people to acclaim WHITE HORSE—Real Old Scotchat its very best. The new O S R A M-[□]-lamps w ith coiled coil filament give up to 50% more light than tin' m> called "cheap” lamps of inferior quality. Alwavs a>k for the lie w OSRAM-l-lamps! Insist on White Horse and see that you get it WHITE HORSE WHISKY More light of the same cost by the new OSRAM - [S]' lamps. HANSON, ORTH & STEVENSON, INC. Sole Importers SMITH, BELL & CO., LTD. Sole Representatives MANILA ILOILO IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 30 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 Zigzag Gold Mining Exploration........................... . / 8-17-34 125,000 99,000.00 99,000.00 0.10 Directors: J. Canson, V. Sevilla, H. Sevilla, E. M. Bachrach, C. Liin. Names of Companies Date of Registration Authorized Capital Capital Paid in Cash Capital Paid in Property Total Capital Paid to Date Par Southern Cross Mining.................................................................................... 5-24-33 200,000 65,815.78 65,815.78 0.10 Sulu Oil Co........................................................................................................ Directors: W. R. Cothran, C. Miraflor, H. R. Andreas, J. W. Chastik, Robert Janda. 10-31-35 1,000 2,010.00 2,010.00 Surigao Consolidated....................................................................................... A. Sllenberger, Secretary; W. F. Gempcrle, C. Harris, J. H. Raamer, Otto Weber, P. Virata. 8-28-35 1,200,000 79,745.00 500,000.00 579,745.00 0 10 Suyoc Consolidated Mining Co., Inc............................................................ 9-27-33 1,250,000 851,643.90 1851,643.90 0.10 Tagumpay Mining Co., Inc............................................................................ 10-3-34 195,000 144,957.50 144,957.50 0.10 Takip Placer Mining Co., Inc........................................................................ 9-24-34 350,000 2,185.00 110,003.00 112,185.00 0.10 Tinago Consolidated Mines, Inc.................................................................... J. L. Fitzpatrick, Manager and Treasurer; L. B. Lucena, Secretary. 3-9-36 1,000,000 50,200.00 350,000.00 400,000.00 0.10 Tiyaga Mining Co., Inc................................................................................... 12-26-34 250,000 129,402.20 129,402.20 0.10 Tuban Mining Co., Inc................................................................................... 8-28-33 100,000.00 1,533.61 1,000.00 2,533.61 1.00 Ukab Mining..................................................................................................... C. O. Bohanan, President. 9-12-34 37,500 37,500.00 37,500.00 0.10 Union Mines, Inc.............................................................................................. 12-1-34 100,000 5,000.00 5,000.00 0.10 United Paracale Mining Co............................................................................ Marsman & Co., General Manager. 10-16-33 1,000,000 600,000.00 600,000.00 0.10 Universal Exploration and Mining................................................................ H. H. Hammond, Secretary-Treasurer. 10-1-33 250,000 259,235.00 259,235.00 0.10 Virac Exploration and Mining........................................................................ 10-18-33 300,000 150,000.00 150,000.00 0.10 Zambales Chromite Mining Co...................................................................... 5-16-35 1,000,000 3,200.00 3,200.00 0.10 Zamboanga Mining Exploration................................................................. 9-11-33 100,000 86,200.00 86,200.00 0.10 R. E. Holmes, President. Diesel Engines (ConHinted from page 23) One is, that, should the Diesel engine become general in use, Diesel fuel would cost approx imately as much as gasoline. In this connection it is interesting to note that in the year 1914 only .5% of the tonnage of the merchant fleets of the world was conveyed by Diesel engines. In 1920, 1.2% had Diesel motors. In 1932, as much as 14%. Despite this enormous increase in the consumption of Diesel fuel, the price has risen but little. Diesel engines will gradually decrease the number of refineries necessary and will eliminate much of the complex cracking procedure which is now inherent in any refinery operation. These expenses can naturally be eliminated from the value of Diesel fuel without *n any way affecting the base price of the fuel. And this is one reason why the increased use of the fuel oil will not have a tendency to increase its price. At present, for instance, a Refinery close to Denver refines or cracks its crude oil into the following: 70% gasoline, 15% kerosene, 7% into non-condcnsable gases which are used for heat in the cracking process and the remainder of 8% is a residue which contains the lubricating oils and which is sold for use under boilers to make steam. If this fuel oil was burned in a Diesel engine, the refinery cost (except for filtering) would be eliminated. The 7% of non-condensing hydro carbons would be a useful fuel and the 8% residue would be homogeneously distributed and would also be a useful fuel. Diesel fuel at 4c. per gallon is §2 per barrel. At present, here in Colorado, a Diesel fuel can be bought at 4J^c. per gallon after the gasoline has been removed, which is ideal since the lubricating oil remainsand is needed to lubricate the high pressure injector pumps, which deliver the fuel to each cylinder. An economic division of crude oil in the future, in my belief, will be made between the gas engines in pleasure cars (which will remain because of its lightness and flexible performance) and the Diesel engines used in heavier transportation. The late Dr. Diesel expressed himself as follows, “The Diesel Engine has destroyed the monopoly of coal, and has in the most general way solved the problem of the employment of liquid fuel for motive purposes. . . .; Coal, which appeared to be threatened by the competition of liquid fuels will, on the contrary, enter into a new and better era of utilization through the Diesel motor. Since tar oil can be employed three to five times more efficiently in the Diesel motor than coal in the steam engine, it follows that coal can be much more economically utilized when it is not burned barbarously under boilers or grates but converted into coke and tar by distillation.” At the present time by the hydro-generation process coal is converted into gasoline. Bj’ hydro-generation coal can now be prepared and made an excellent Diesel fuel. When coal is prepared and burned in a Diesel engine between 35% and 40% of its heat is converted into useful mechanical work and where waste heat boilers are attached to the Diesel engine exhaust as much as 60% of the avaiblc heat can be converted into usefulness. Razon Boosts P. I. Gold Benito Razon Captain Benito Razon of Sorox & Co., Manila, told the United Press while he was recently in Washington that within 2 years the Philippines will double Alaska’s gold production. It now equals Alaska’s. Captain Razon thinks it will be 840,000,000 in 2 years; it was 816,000,000 last year, and so was Alaska’s, but Captain Razon puts the Islands’ gold output for this year at 825,000,000 or P50,000,000. He esti mates this year’s iron production at 600,000 tons, and reports chromite and manganese pro duction here well under way. He told the press that the Islands welcome more American capital in their mining industry, where there is room for it. Angat Gold Hopeful Angat. Gold Mining Association under manage ment of Ambrosio Pablo has a group of 50 claims in the jurisdictions of Angat and Norzagaray, Bulakan, north of the claims of the Bulakan Mining Company, Inc. Manager Pablo sends in a note saying the Ambo vein on Angat Gold’s Brooklyn claim is 10 feet wide, and assays from Tunnel No. 1 average P6.66 per ton. At Tunnel No. 2, 75 feet above Tunnel No. 1, the vein width is 7 feet. Other development is being done on the Hunt claim, and the Turifigan claim that lies either side of the Bayabas river. Work begun in November 1935 has been under Pablo Pascual as the chief prospector and fore man of work, but Manager Pablo reports the association’s purpose to employ a field superin tendent and intensify the prospecting. There are a number of such prospects in the Angat-Norzagaray district above the Ipo and Salacot properties. Development of any one of them to the stage of actual production would widen interest in mining near Manila. Movies in Far East Through the courtesy of Filippine Films, Inc., we have the following list as taken from Film Daily of February 17: Japan ................................ Australia........................... India................................. New Zealand.................. Philippines..................... China............................... Netherlands East Indies. Siam................................. Br. Malaya..................... Chosen............................. French Indochina........... Ceylon............................. Fiji and Society Islands. 1,634 Wired 827 1,334 1,334 675 500 435 435 200 operating 95 300 178 248 192 77 10 57 57 43 24 40 18 18 10 11 6 Totals.............. 5,072 3,686 The Philippines have about twice Australia’s population, but their population is far less urbanized than Australia’s; and they have 7 times New Zealand’s population. April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 31 "The Way to JLu.b’cicate The eAlemite Way: MINE CARS Quicker, easier, cheaper—and wheel bear ings are really lubricated. The Alemite System does away with the tedious, messy, wasteful and too often neglected job of lubricating mine car wheels. With a centrally located “Service Station’’ equipped with the electrically operated 6110 Alemite Mine Car Gun. mounted on a 400-lb. For complete details of Power and Manually Operated Mine Car Guns address: MOTOR SERVICE COMPANY, Manila, P. I. drum of lubricant and a simple piping ar rangement as diagrammed below, two men can completely lubricate the four wheels of a mine car in a matter of minutes. Old bear ing plugs are permanently replaced with Alemite Giant Flush Type Fittings. As the lubricant is never exposed, contamination is impossible. MODEL 6110 MINE CAR GUN Universal type electric motor, ¥> H. P., voltage up to 250. Automatic switch cuts out motor when pres sure reaches 300 lbs. Sup plies 25 ft. of piping between gun and first outlet. — r FAGERGREN FLOTATION . MACHINES Flotation Reagents Aero Brand Cyanide Sodium Cyanide Zinc Dust Pine Oil REPRESENTATIVES FOR American Cyanamid Company BOTICA BOIE Philippine American Drug Co, Manila REAL SMOKERS PREFER THEM EEGIGS TABACALERA CIGAR TELEPHONE 2-25-77 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 32 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 5-55 The fastest drilling Waughammer in its class... i For fast drilling and low maintainance cost the Gardner - Denver S-55 rock drill is unbeatable . . . Why Not take ad vantage of the good judgement of others and give your min ers a hard hit ting easy rid ing drill? When the going gets tough this drill can be placed ri on a standard mounting and used as a drifter. . . Remember: Speed with Dow Maintainance Cost and Dow Air Con sumption, three features which you cannot afford to overlook. Complete Replacements in Stock Atlantic Gulf and Pacific Co. Mine management has been brought to a high degree of efficiency by Marsman and Company, Inc. The combined experience of its ex ecutive officials, trained in business judgment and finance by long and varied contact with the administra tion of mines, and of its carefully selected staff of consulting mining engineers, trained in the solution of technical problems by professional service in the world’s mining dis tricts, gives to mines under their management these definite, meas urable benefits: substantial reduc tion of overhead ... minimum operat ing costs . . . continuity of opera tions . . . credit security . . . stability as a going concern . . . success as a mining investment. Officers and directors of a mine under the manage ment of Marsman and Company, Inc., retain full responsibility to their shareholders for the control of the property. The contractual relations do not materially differ from those that would have existed between the mining company and any individual they might have appointed as general manager. But the mining company secures the advantage of our collective, coordinated, expert service. Com plete information is always available to the directors; and to them and their shareholders is sent a monthly, a semiannual and an annual report of operations. The mine management department of Marsman and Company, Inc., from its wide professional acquaint ance, selects the best qualified mining engineers for the mine operating staff; plans mine development and mill construction and expansions; budgets all expenses which are submitted for approval to a sub committee on finance that meets daily; and super vises all mine operations. For their information there is available a uniform mine cost system and a mine accounting system that has been installed in all mines under management. To officers and directors of mines that have been developed to the point that paying ore . . . gold, chro mite, coal, iron, manganese ... in commercial quantities is assured, or gives promise of such as surance under skilled development, detailed infor mation will be gladly furnished regarding the func tioning of the mine management department. Marsman and Company, Inc. MINE MANAGERS EXAMINING and CONSULTING MINING ENGINEERS G. de los Reyes Building Manila, Philippines IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL New View of Demonstration Airplanes past almost directly over this mill in flying into Baguio from Ma nila. The mine is at the left of the mill and the road into Baguio around the mountain ledge back of the mill is readily identified. —=—=—o --- — UP TO DATE COMMERCIAL REVIEWS $8% IIIHX Behind the wheel of the 1936 Hudson, motorists are discovering 5 things they never say before. The livegreatest safety and comfort features ever introduced in a single season. RADIAL SAFETY CONTROL DUO - AUTOMATIC HYDRAULIC BRAKES RHYTHMIC RIDE TRI E-LINE STEERING-AUTOMATIC DRAFT ELIMINATOR One look one ride one careful comparison with any other car -and you will see why they’re saying: “This year, it’s Hudson!” JLMJOT HUDSON’S PROVEM ECONOMY ESTRELLA AUTO PALACE LEVY HERMANOS INC. 536-568 Gandara Manila ILOILO BACOLOD IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 33 Walowit Back to New York After Two Years Here Peter J. Walo wit represents the considerable Brooklyn capital invested in thePhilippine Button Cor poration managed by Director-Treas urer John L. Head ington of theAmeriean chamber of commerce, and in Kelt man Broth ers Juvenile Import Company (embroidery) ma naged by Jack Brookman. He,has I>('(*n living in Ma nila with his fam ily, the children attending Brent School at. Baguio, during nearly 2 years spent largely in attention to the embroidery facto ry, where a new’ Peter J. Walowii building has been , . , . , ... . „ _ built and the capa. .. rcprtscntt tht capita! tn tht Philippine Rutton Cor- „rea(-|y jn_ poratitm, and Ftltman Brothers & JuveniIt Import Company After tllC embroidery) close schoo|s jn March, the Walo wits left Manila to return to their home in Brooklyn. Pre paring to leave the Islands, the Walowits had an experience unique in their long business career. It largely turned upon the embroidery business. On embroidery, Mr. Walowit had been putting in about 70 hours a week; he had to, embroidery has become a very close game. First and last, such a factory as the Feltman deals indirectly with scores of thousands of workers, and directly with scores of contractors w’ho formally receive the stamped material and are responsible for its return as the finished product ready to be graded, etc., finally shipped to New’ York. Mr. Walowit hoped to get out of town without a despedida. His contractors and factory folks thought differ ently, but promised to make it simple and small; so it finally turned out, a night at Sta. Ana, the whole place rented, and some 800 persons present. This, from the factory help and staff, from contractors and subcontractors, was a little more than the Walowits could stand without the sheer goodwill of it bowling them over. “I admit I was hit hard,” he said of it. “It got to me.” The hand embroidery business is up greatly in volume, down to rock bottom as to prices. There is a free market in the United States, protected by a 90% duty on foreign embroider ies, but these nevertheless keep coming from a dozen sources and present hard competition. Capital turns slowly, once every 14 months or so; fashions affect demand and capital has to take long chances. Conditions vary, of course, but just at present it takes the closest managing to net 5%. Should this situation remain unchanged, the 5% of the American duty Philippine embroidery will have to pay in the 6th year of the Commonwealth will be insurmountable, Mr. Walowit believes. But he doesn’t look that far ahead, because con ditions may shift at any time for the better. The industry benefits a large group of the poor in the Philip pines. The bulk of the outlay, save for the material, from the United States, is for labor. As it is finally pajd to the women who do the w’ork in their homes during leisure hours, it is in pittances. But at the factory, paid to the contractors in larger sums, it amounts in the Feltman factory to about 1*4,000 a day, each working day. Taking 300 working days to the year, that sums more than Pl,000,000. Some 200,000 persons share the embroidery work of the Philippines, perhaps 100,000 families benefit from it. Mr. Walowit estimates that his factory’s work reaches 50,000 persons; the work goes to villages hundreds of miles from Manila as well as nearby, and the value of monthly average shipments to the United States was 1*832,713 last year. Source Of U. S. Sugar Consumption For Last Three Years In tons of 2,000 lbs. raw valuc(*) (z) From this equivalent quotation should be deducted marketing charges from Manila to New York. Per Cent I ’er Cent of 1 1.933 >er Cent of 1.93.5 of 11)34 Consumption Consisted of: Rau- Value Total Row Value Total Raw Value Total Domestic Louisiana and Florida.......... 309,898 4.84 254,954 4.14 314,737 4.99 United States Beet............... 1,414,533 22.11 1,545,236 25.12 1,365,978 21.63 Hawaii.................................... 990,043 15 47 889,318 14.45 989,580 15.67 Virgin Islands (St. Croix)... 2,463 0.04 5,039 0.08 4,548 0.07 Puerto Rico........................... 817,366 12.77 834,720 13.56 790,992 12.52 Philippines.............................. 897,795 14.03 1,108,652 18.02 1,241,229 19.65 Total Domestic.............. 4,432,098 69.26 4,637,919 75.37 4,707,064 74.53 Foreign Cuba on which Tariff conces sion is allowed................... 1,964,716 30 70 1,514,119 24.61 1,600,711 25.34 Other Foreign on which full dutv assessed..................... 2,531 0.04 1,442 0 02 8,232 0.13 Total Foheigx. . 1,967,247 30.74 1,515,561 24 63 1,608,943 25.47 (>,399,345 100.00 6,153,480 100 00 6,316,007 100.00 (*) From Willett Gray’s; figures in refined value converted inZZv■ value. (x) Compiled from Willett Gray’s W(•ekly Statistical Journal, New York. Average Monthly Quotations At New York Duty Paid, Net Cash for 96° Centrifugal Sugar Calendar Year 1935 (x) JANUARY............... FEBRUARY........... MARCH................... APRIL...................... MAY......................... JULY........................ AUGUST................. SEPTEMBER......... OCTOBER............... NOVEMBER.......... DECEMBER.......... Cents per Lb. 2.81 2.88 3.03 3.21 3 27 3 32 3.24 3.29 3.50 3.61 3 42 3.11 Yearly Average Quotations For The Past 10 Years (x) 1 93 5....................... 3.217 8.97 1 93 4....................... 2.987 8.33 1 9 33....................... 3.208 8.95 19 32...................... 2 925 8.16 193 1....................... 3.329 9.28 1 93 0....................... 3.387 9.44 1 929....................... 3.769 10.51 19 28....................... 4.229 11.79 1 92 7....................... 4.730 13.19 1 9 2 6 ....................... 4.337 12.09 34 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 MARCH SUGAR REVIEW By GEO. H. FAIRCHILD NewYouk Maukei: After a substantial business bad been transaeted in Philippine sugar at record high price's during the latter part of February, fur ther offerings of Philip pine sugar did not interest buyers for the first four trad ing days of March. On the 6th and 7th, however, interest was renewed in purchases of Philippine sugar, a substantial business being done at advancing prices from 3.55 cents for March-April shipment to 3.65 cents for April-May shipment. Despite heavy offerings of Puerto Ricos, holders re mained firm. 25,000 tons April-May shipment Puerto Ricos were sold on the 5th at 3.50 cents. This year’s quotations on the Exchange advanced from 7 to 10 points during the first week of the month under review. The report made on the 9th that the AAA anticipated the 1936 consumption approximating the 1935 level resulted in a pause in the market, since this estimate might mean increases in 1936 original quotas under the Jones-Costigan act of approximately 200,000 tons for the various areas. This news adversely affected both the actual market and the Exchange but for a few days, since in the middle of this week a fair volume of Philippines was sold at prices ranging from 3.55 cents for spot to 3.68 cents for MayJune shipment. The market was firm at the end of the week with sellers of Philippines asking 3.72 cents and 3.73 for May-June and June-July shipments, with no buyers. With small sales of June shipment Cubas on the 12th at 2.75 cents c. and f. and moderate sales at the same level on the 13th for April-May shipment, Cuban sugar realized the highest price since 1928. Refiners advanced their price to -4.75 cents on the 11 th after a large business had been done at 4.55 cents. Peet sugar was being offered at 4.45 cents. On the 13th refiners further ad vanced their price to 4.85 cents. After suffering a decline during the third week, the market resumed its upward movement during the following week, when moderate sales of Philippines for April-May-June ship ments were made on the 24th and 25th at 3.70 cents, while small sales of Cubas and Puerto Ricos were made on the same basis. The ad vance continued and by the end of this week prices as high as 3.78 cents and 3.80 cents were obtained for small sales of Philippine sugar for May-June and June-July shipments. Further improvement was recorded during the last two days of the month when moderate sales and resales of Philippines for May-June and JuneJuly shipments wen' made at prices ranging from 3.78 cents and 3.85 cents. Cubas and Puerto Ricos were sold on the basis of 3.83 cents for second half of May shipment , thereby reach ing their high point of the year. Quotations on the Exchange which were on the upward trend since the 19th suffered substantial losses on the 31st as the result of profit taking. An interesting development occurred during the latter half of the month when a spread of only 2 or 3 points covered the five active months from March to November on the Sugar Exchange, whilst on the 27th, May, July, September and November deliveries closed at the same figure: List prices of refined were advanced on the 30th to 5.00 cents while the prior* of beet sugar was increased to 4.70 cents. Futures: Quotations on the Exchange during March fluctuated as follows: March Hit/h 2 69 2.52 Latent 2.69 Mav......... 2 83 2 53 2.79 July................. 2 84 2 54 September................ 2.84 2 55 2^79 November................ 2.82 2 53 2 75 January ................... 2.59 2.31 2.54 March (1937).......... 2.56 2.45 2.53 Stocks: Latest figures of world stocks were 6,503,000 tons as compared with 8,095,000 tons at the same time in 1935 and 8,031,000 tons at the same time in 1934. Philippine Sales: Sales and resales of Philip pine sugar afloat, present shipment and for future delivery during the month were as followsSales. . Resales. 127,250 3 55 9,000 3.78 3.86 3 80 (Please turn to page J/) Calamba Sugar Estate Manufacturers of: Sugar—Copra Products Canlubang, Laguna, Philippine Islands Pampanga Sugar Mills Manufacturers of Sugar Del Carmen, Pampanga, Philippine Islands Manila Offices: G. de los Reyes Bldg. 6th Floor Manila, P. I. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 35 SHIPPING REVIEW By H. M. CAVENDER General Agent, The Robert Dollar Co. February exports, in fluenced by a heavy movement of sugar, reached a total of 225,141 revenue tons, a very satisfactory figure. 109,259 tons of sugar moved to United States ports, and 183 tons to China, a total of 109,442 tons. Hemp shipments amounted to 119,913 bales, distributed throughout the world. This commodity is conspicuous by its wide distribution —36,193 bales to the United States, 36,421 bales to Japan, and 43,019 bales to Europe. The United States trade is an increaseover the precedng month. The movement of lumber and logs amounted to 5,407,954 bd. ft., practically all sawn lumber. The Japanese log trade was practically nil, only 900,000 bd. ft. going to that market, but the United States, Europe, and South Africa trade in lumber was very satisfactory. The movement of iron ore to Japan increased by 5,000 tons. Other ores are still in the "sample lot" stage of development. Of the Coconut products, cake and meal alone held up, desiccated coconut, oil, and copra showi ng decreased movements. Rope and gum copal shipments likewise decreased. Cigars, embroideries, and furniture remained the same. A shipment of 2,650 measurement tons of tobacco to Japan marked that item as heavily increasing, but the tobacco movement is always erratic. An outstanding minor item was the' 1,103 measurement tons of vegetable oil edible products, margarine and lard. The usual increase in February passenger traffic over January carryings failed to materialize this year, and the month closed with lower totals than January and considerably lower totals than Febuary 1935. The principal decrease appears to be in traffic to China and Japan, although interport traffic to the Straits Settlements and the Dutch East India also declined. The following figures show the number of departures from the Philippines during Feb ruary: China and Japan....................... Honolulu.................................... Pacific Coast............................. Europe via America................. Straits Settlement and Dutch East Indies.. . .•..................... Europe and Mediterranean ports beyond Colombo.......... Australia..................................... America via Suez...................... Round the World...................... 69 122 124 0 9 10 29 27 6 4 2 0 7 0 0 15 12 1 15 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 To China and Japan................................................... Pacific Coast Local Delivery............................... Pacific Coast Overland......................................... Pacific Coast Inter Coastal................................. Atlantic and Gulf Ports....................................... European Ports.... All Other Ports..................................................... A Grand Total of 225, 141 tons with a total of 84 sailings (average 2,680 tons per vessel) of which 56,868 tons were carried in American bottoms with 14 salings (average 4,062 tons per vessel). MEMORANDUM TO EMPLOYERS: Do you recall those instances when death took an employee from your organization there by causing a temporary disturbance in your work, and at the same time, creating a problem of what shall be done for the family? Possibly a subscription list was passed around to fellow employees and when the list reached you, a . real question was faced, just how much should the company contribute? There is a way to prevent the occurrence of such unbusinesslike incidents without expense, —not one centavo, altho your cooperation is essential. Just telephone an executive in our office for the details. No agent will be sent you. The tele phone number is 2-24-31. C. S. SALMON EDMUND W. SCHEDLER ISAAC BARZA of INSULAR LIFE ASSURANCE CO., LTD. From statistics compiled by The Associated Steamship Lines, during the month of February there were exported from the Philippine Islands the following: Were Carried in Tons IVilh .V iscellaneous Of Which Tons American Bot toms With Sailings 48,755 33 970 5 57,406 16 40,064 10 838 8 652 5 1,261 8 1,251 7 96,245 29 13,551 6 18,939 19 151 3 1,697 22 229 6 Total for February, 1936.......... 139 174 141 Total for January, 1936............ 128 219 279 Total foi* February, 1935.......... 234 247 164 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 36 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 LUMBER REVIEW By ARTHUR F. FISCHER Director, Bureau of Forestry foreign markets; namely, Ireland, Singapore, Hongkong, Portuguese Africa and Sweden im ported comparatively little amount of lumber from this country during the month. The export to .Japan during the month totalled 5,560,760 board feet, all in the form of round logs. As a market for Philippine timber. .Japan was less active during the month as it was in Every Sandwich - - - when you drink a glass of good Beer— The popular choice is Sanlll icjutl brewed by SAN MIGUtL BREWERY the previous month. It is believed, however, that this condition is only temporary and that Japan will continue to be a good market for Philippine timber this year. There is a great probability that the Japanese will increase their imports of Philippine logs because of stable log price prevailing. Many of the Japanese busi ness men dealing in American lumber signified their intention to discontinue the American lumber trade on account of unwarranted fluctua tions of the market. If the Japanese lumber dealers curtail their American lumber imports, the demand for Philippine logs in that country should be greater this year than last year. Shipments to the United States during the month under review were less active than during the previous month. The total export to the United States during the month was 1,125,296 board feet. The dullness of American demand for Philippine lumber during the month may be due to inventory-taking which might have been continued from December by the Philippine mahogany importers. It is expected, however, that after the month under review, the United States demand for Philippine lumber will in crease, based on the fact that American inquiries are reported to have been great during De cember. The Philippine timber and lumber trade with China has been dull during the month under review, only 319,272 board feet, all in the form of round logs, having been exported to that country. There is a great probability, how ever, that the Chinese demand for Philippine timber will increase this year as there is consider able advance going on in highway and railway construction. Shipments to Australia during the month totalled 347,680 board feet compared with 118,296 board feet for the month of December, 1935, an increase of 229,384 board feet, or 193.9';. During tin* month under review, the mill production, which totalled 18,340,799 board feet, exceeded lumber deliveries by 8.5%. It, also, exceeded the lumber production of the same month of the previous year by 13.6%. The stock remaining at the end of the month was 35,440,906 board feet, which is 8.9% greater than that of the same month of the previous year. The following statements show the lumber and timber exports, by countries, and the mill production and lumber inventories for the month of January, 1936, as compared with the corres ponding month of the previous year. Lumber anel Timber Exports for the month of January 1936 Total................. 8,054,728 P 245,969 CustomsDestination Board Feet Declared Value Japan........................ *5,560,760 1* 100,705 United States.......... 1,125,296 73,224 Australia................... 347,680 12,945 China........................ 319,272 6,878 Great Britain........... 305,704 21,153 British Africa.......... 178,504 10,015 Ireland...................... 71,232 5,308 Singapore.................. 52,576 9,828 Hongkong................. 47,488 2,254 Portuguese Africa... 35,192 2,848 Sweden..................... 11,024 811 Hawaii...................... — — Dutch East Indies.. — — Destination Japan........................ United States......... Australia................... China........................ Great Britain........... British Africa.......... Ireland...................... Singapore................. Hongkong................. (Please tu to page 41) • 1935 Board Feet CustomsDeclared 10,217,128 Value 1’194,325 1,910,120 127,156 16,960 900 1,311,432 72,853 192,496 2b, 183 150,096 12,210 8,056 774 rN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 37 COPRA AND ITS PRODUCTSBy KENNETH B. DAY and LEO SCHNURMACHER Stocks on Hand in Manila and Cebu— Beginning of the month................... 25,925 End of month..................................... 14,662 Kenneth B. Day copra exporters to the I able. A considerable amount, of copra was sold during the month for export to Europe at prices from £12/5 0 to £12 15 0 for F.M. and £12/15/0 to £13/5/0 for sundried. Toward the end of the month f.o.b. offers appeared on the market for shipment on Italian charters to Genoa during April and May which afforded premiums over the current market price some times as high as 10 shillings per ton. With supplies becoming scarcer and buyers more anxious to cover, a situation developed which forced local crushers to raise their purchasing limits and while at the beginning of the month most mills were reluctant buyers at 1’8.50 for resecada, quite large transactions were recorded at the end of the month at 1’9.50. On the whole, the local mills were purchasing at higher prices than the equivalents of oil prices permitted them to pay. Pacific Coast crushers were reluctantly following the market, but while they raised their limits from 2.35 to 2 55, they were unable to buy much copra except from out ports where shipping facilities to Europe wen? not available. The same condition still exists as was noted last month, in which Europe can buy copra cheaply without having to pay the excise tax During the month of March the same condi tions prevailed in the copra and oil markets which have been noted in the past few months. The European buyers have continued to offer bettor prices than the markets in the United States justified, and fluctuations in the local market have been the rule with middlemen con trolling prices to a large extent. Copka: While' copra arrivals in Manila and Cebu have been considerably above the last ten years averages, they were below arrivals for the preceding month. European exporters controlled pric-s at considerably more than the' local mills could afford to pay on the basis of oil sales to the United States, as well as prices which Leo SciiNun.MACiiEii ’nited States felt reasonfor coconut oil in the soap kettle and increasingly large importations to the United States are being made. It appears very possible that this oil may be developed into a serious menace to Philippine coconut oil in the United States. The market for edible oil continued dull and soapers are unwilling to pay the equivalent of the cost of oil necessary from local prices of copra. Prices ranged from 4-1/2 to 4-1 8 cents per pound c.i.f. Atlantic Coast with occasional demands for f.o.b. tank cars on Pacific Coast at a slight premium over the corrsponding equivalent. There was very little change during the month in the open quotations on cither market. The local market for drum oil fluctuated from 18 to 18-1/2 cents per kilo, depending on the ability of the local mills to secure copra. Statistics for the month follow: Copha Cake and Meal: This market was and used this coconut oil to replace other oils and fats which are being shipped to the United States without paying the excise. Arrivals for the month were fairly heavy, being approximately 30% above the average for the last 10 years with shipments to Europe over half of the total. Statistics for the month follow: Shipments - Tons Pacific Coast....................................... 2,170 Atlantic Coast..................................... 12,718 Gulf ports........................................... 7,307 Europe................................................. 646 China.................................................... 48 22,889 dull throughout the month, with very little business done. Prices fluctuated from P24.50 to 1’27.50 with very little business done at the higher figure and practically none at the lower. Some transactions took place at levels between the two prices named. The meal market was very inactive, only very little business being transacted at between §17.00 and S18.00 c.i.f. Pacific Coast. Di-.ssicati.d Coconut: The desiccated market has continued practically unchanged from previous conditions throughout the month. Prices in New York continue at 7-3/4 cents. Shipments were somewhat larger than in Feb ruary. The desiccated factories continue to have to meet competition on the basis of Euro pean prices for copra. This makes their sup plies higher in cost than their market justifies. Coconuts have been fairly plentiful. Shipments for the month were 2,734 tons. Gent.hal: Future prospects for coconut products are very uncertain. Buyers of coconut oil have been buying from hand to mouth and apparently this condition will continue as long as other fats and oils not subject to the excise I ax are available at lower prrices. There appears to be, however, very little chance of any definite change in the situation under present conditions, and the Philippine Government and in general tin' entii e coconut industry will have to use their entire forces available in order to push through any constructive legislation towards the modify ing of the excise tax. Prospects for the next few months indicate a continuation of the same general market con ditions, with the probability that as copra be comes increasingly available', prices will have to decline. INSURANCE For Every Need and Purpose Arrivals— Sacks Manila.............................................. 295,161 Cebu................................................. 296,825 Shipments— Tons Pacific Coast................................... 5,918 Atlantic Coast................................. 508 Gulf ports....................................... 2,032 Europe............................................. 8,906 Other countries............................... 56 WORKMEN’S COMPENSATION PUBLIC LIABILITY AUTOMOBILE Coconut Oil: The coconut oil market in the United States seems to have reached a state of inactivity, origin for which can be found in the increasing quantities of cheaper oils and fats which are being made available to the soapers. Under the reciprocal trade treaty recently con cluded between United States and Brazil, babassu oil cannot be subjected to the excise tax, nor can the kernels be taxed with an import duty. This oil appeal’s to be very easily substituted ATLAS ASSURANCE CO. LTD. CONTINENTAL INSURANCE CO. FIRE MARINE ACCIDENT PLATE GLASS ---------------------------------THE EMPLOYER’S LIABILITY ASSURANCE CORPORATION LTD. ORIENT INSURANCE COMPANY INSURANCE COMPANY OF NORTH AMERICA General Agents E. E. I I Ml. INC. Telephone 2-24-28 — MANILA — Kneedler Building IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 38 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 THE RICE INDUSTRY By PERCY A. HILL of Mufioz, Nueva Ecija Director, Rice Producer's Association dising entity the government is capitalizing at 1’2,000,000 to 1’4,000,000; he would like to sec more attention given plant diseases and pests affecting the crop.—Etl.} Rice prices respond ed during March to efforts to draw out a larger supply, and fluctuated greatly, but deliveries to the primary markets fell off to a minimum. On April 8 prices ranged from 1*6.80 to 1*7 a sack of 57 kilos for luxury grades, 1*6.5 5 to P6.7 5 for macans. Palay at primary markets brought 1*3.25 to 1’3.30 for the best grades, P3.10 to 1*3.15 for macans, cavans of 44 kilos. A quantity is being held, but whether it is enough is a question. Saigon prices rose in March, due to demand. Saigon No. 1 reached 1*6.78 a sack. Saigon No. 2, the Manila grade, reach'd 1’6.64 c.i.f. Manila. The Rice Commission erred on page 5 of its report when it said growers produced a crop in 6 months and were idle, presumably lazy, during the other half of the year. Even the press fell into the same error. Seeding begins in early May in the central Luzon plain that grows the bulk of the crop, and is followed by tedious pre paration of the fields: plowing, breaking, mucking, transplanting; and then constant care of the crop by irrigation, drainage, weeding, etc., until it matures and harvest begins, about the close of November. During December to February, the crop is cut, bundled, shocked, stacked, and threshed, and transported to the local markets. This is a minimum of 9 months of constant effort. It applies to growers raising a surplus for sale, not to growers of small subsistence supplies. The large grower uses his other 3 months in effecting general repairs, he repairs his house, for example, hauling materials therefor from long distances, sometimes as far as 50 kilometers. He rebuilds his plow, repairs his harrow, gets in a year’s fuel supply, looks to his dams and canals, and grows such secondary crops as the season, field and water facilities make possible. These arc the facts. Not at any time with more than rice for 3 months ahead on hand, even this year the rice tenant has no more than 1*120 from his effort—this sum being taken as an average for a family. It assumes production of 80 cavans of paddy to the family, the family’s share as tenants being 40 cavans; and it assumes a price of 1*3 a cav.in. Nobody can afford to be idle under such circumstances, and to assume the growers are idlers exhibits want of accurate knowledge of the industry. (Mr. Hill is dubious about the ultimate success of the rice merchan THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS BUREAU OF POSTS MANILA SWORN STATEMENT (Required by Aet 2580) The undersigned The American Chamber of lisher of Tub American Ciiamiier of Commerce Journal, published monthly in Mnniln, I*. I., after having been duly sworn in accordance with law hereby submits the following statement of ownership, management, circulation, etc., as re quired by Act 2580 of the Philippine Legislature: Editor, Walter J. Robb, P. O. Box 1638, Manila. Publisher: The American Chamber of Com merce of the Philippine Islands. Business Manager, Walter .1. Robb, P. O. Box 1638, Manila. Owners or stockholder.": The American Chamber of Commerce of the Philippines. Bondholders, mortgages, or other security holders of one per cent or more of total value: None. Manila, I*. I., Mnrch 31, 1936. Walter J. Robb. Subscribed and sworn to before me this 31 of March 1936, the declarant having exhibited his cedula F-77057 issued at Manila, P. I., on Feb. 26, 1936. Manuel E. Gonzalez Post Office Inspector Bureau of Posts. To Beautify and Protect Your Buildings Use Quality Paint by Sherwin-Williams f""*HOOSE paint for its wearing qualities -the years of protection and service it will give. SWP— the result of 60 years of experience in paint making bv one of the world’s largest manufactuIt improves rers is a ready mixed house paint that provides a strong, tough weather-resisting film, appearance enhances the value of your property—prevents deterioration and decay. It pays to invest in quality paint. That is the reason why so many of the large property owners in the Philippines insist on Sherwin-Williams Paints. Send for “Home Decorator" This 40-pagc S-W booklet in colors gives valuable paint information. Send 8-centavos in postage stamps for your copy. Before you start your next paint job, let us supply you with complete in formation on the Sherwin-Williams Product that will give you most satisfactory results. PACIFIC COMMERCIAL COMPANY ILOILO — MANILA — CEBU .1 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 39 REAL ESTATE By P. D. CARMAN Addition Hills TOBACCO REVIEW By P. A. MEYER Sales continue strong with March considerably' exceeding February. She riff’s sales and sales in payment of debts have been, for several months, few in number and great ly reduced in amount, indicating healthier bu siness conditions and re newed confidence. Raw leaf: The local market was quiet, with prices firm, during the period under re view. Favorable weather conditions in Cagayan and Isabela continued in March. Com parative figures for shipments abroad are: Hongkong........................................ 28,961 Japan............................................... 7,440 Java................................................. 423 North Africa................................... 1,041 North Atlantic (Europe)................ 23,624 Straits Settlements......................... 3,456 United States................................. 88,998 172,792 February, 1936............................... 3,150,935 March, 1935................................... 2,723,298 Cigahs: Shipments to the United States com pare as follows: March, 1936................................... 16,022,918 February, 1936............................... 12,765,809 March, 1935.................................... 16,060,005 Sta. Cruz...................... Sampaloc...................... Tondo........................... Binondo........................ San Nicolas.................. Ermita.......................... Malate.......................... Paco.............................. Sta. Ana....................... Quiapo.............. San Miguel................... Intramuros................... Pandacan..................... Sta. Mesa..................... San Felipe Neri........... San Juan del Monte .Safes City of .Manila February March l'J.IC 19M, 1’ 239,288 P 185,620 63,261 98,528 81,084 215,699 189,402 268,035 48,700 79,441 21,000 61,500 67,869 115,330 19,048 40,956 88,035 41,575 128,619 119,794 — 3,273 32,100 19,280 1,130 200 34,700 — 2,500 China. Gibraltar 1’1,014,236 1’1,251,731 MANI.LA HEMP By H. P. STRICKLER Manila Cordage Company During the entin? month of March all foreign markets were very quiet, and very little' business was reported. This lack of foreign demand, which continued from the latter part of February, had its depressive effect on local price's, anel value s for all grade's declined substantially eluring the1 month under review. During the' last ten elays e>f March however the' steadied, and local elea to sell at the equivak The month, therefore, with all value's nomin; Prices of Loos, Per February .'fill, CD. 1’22.00 E............... 20‘ 00 F.............. 19.25 I................ 18.25 JI. 15.50 G............... 13 00 Ii............... 9.50 J2............... 11.00 K............... 8.75 LI.............. 7.75 L2.............. 6.50 h rs anel producers re-fused ■nt of foreign quota!ions, closed quiet and steadv el. Fiber in Manila Picul March -list Nominal CD........... 1’21.00 E............. 19 00 F. . 1825 I......... 17.50 JI. .. 14.50 G....... 12.50 H. 9 25 J2............ 10.50 K.............. 8.00 LI......... 7.25 L2............. 5.50 Itawlcaf and Stripped Tobacco and Scraps Kilos 8,853 9,996 South Africa’s Gold From her great sesquicentennial fair, Johan nesburg, South Africa, excludes American goods. The show will be an Empire Exhibition covering 100 acres. The city is one of the richest per capita in the world, largely because of gold. South Africa's gold mines yielded £75,000,000 from 44-1/2 million tons of ore milled; the profits were £32,500,000 and dividends £16,500,000. continue to be the recognized leaders in QUALITY cigars J)ofcofjama Specie ^anfe (.Established 1880) HEAD OFFICE: YOKOHAMA, JAPAN Yen Capital (Paid Up).......................... 100,000,000.00 Reserve Funds_____________________________________ 129,150,000.00 Undivided Profits......................................................................... 10,060,937-10 MANILA BRANCH 34 Plaza Cervantes, Manila S. Dazai, Manager ’ Telephone Telephone 2-35-28 Import Dept. Telephone 2-37-58 Export St Current Deposit Account Dept. 2-37-59 Manager Telephone 2-37-68 Remittance & Deposit Dept. Telephone 2-37-55 Cashier & Accountant IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 40 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 Here’s how to get Manilas! Genuine Manila Long Filler Cigars in cellophane are obtain able in your city or nearby! C. A. Bond Philippine Tobacco Aftent: 15 Williams Street, New York City Collector of Internal Revenue Manila. P. I. MA NILA S made under sanitary conditions will satisfy your taste I (Health Bulletin No. 28) Rules and Regulations for the Sanitary Control of the Factories of Tobacco Products. “Section IS. Insanitary Acts.—No person engaged in the handling, preparation, processing, manufacture, or packing of tobacco product or supervising such employment, shall perform, cause, permit, or suffer to be permitted, any insanitary act during such employment, nor shall any such person touch or contaminate any tobacco products with filthy hands or permit the same to be brought into contact with the tongue or lips, or use saliva, impure yvater, or other unwholesome substances as a moist ening agent;....”. Bird’s-Eye View . . . (Continued from page 8) Totals...................................... 712,223 600,992 2(59,216 July 1st to June 30th. Increase or Decrease 1934/35 1933,’34 Copra as Coconut oil.............. ........ lu.j, ‘8(> Short Tons 20.1,o/fd Short Tons 98,257 Coconut Oil............................... ........ lnlAl).') 17.5,/ill 23,937 Palm Kernels as Oil................ ........ 9,261 2,718 6,.546 Palm Kernel Oil....................... . . . 20,473 8,203 12,270 Palm Oil................................... ........ 94,480 125,404 30,924 Sulphonated Olive Oil............. ........ 17,273 16,275 998 Other inedible Olive Oil.......... ........ 8,97(5 7,116 1,860 Animal Tallow................... 95,069 45 95,024 Whale Oil................................. ........ 6,385 11,252 4,867 Sunflower Oil........................... ........ 16,701 5,682 11,022 Corn Oil.................................... ........ 10,066 4,688 5,378 Olive Oil................................... ........ 30,781 30,328 456 Peanut Oil................................. ........ 29,962 610 29,352 Sesame Seed as Oil 37,333 7,966 29,367 Sesame Oil................................ ........ 137 None 137 Soya Bean Oil........................... 5,612 1,255 4,357 Kapok Seed as Oil 2,651 None 2,651 Cottonseed Oil......................... . . . 59,193 None; 59,493 Edible; Rapeseed Oil................ ........ 5,914 452 5,462 Other Edible Oils..................... ........ 4,867 24 4,843 157,985 111,231 Increase. From the preceding table it will be easily seen that the importation, of Copra and Coconut Oil fell off beyond proportion, while other fats and oils registered a considerable increase. In fact, from 63% of the total of fats and oils imported for edible and soapmaking purposes during the 12-months-period July, 1933-Junc, 1934, coconut oil imports dropped down to 36% during the same period 1934/35. To a large extent, due to the interchangeability of fats in the soapkettle, its place was taken by Tallow which, for no obvious reason, had not been included in the list, of fats on which the excise tax was imposed and by other oils and fats. None of those, however, have as much claim to protection in the United States as Coconut Oil, as they are not produced under the American flag. While it is idle for us to take issue with the justification of the Excise Tax as far as Philippine Coconut Oil is concerned, especially when a general shortage of fats and oils produced in the United States has shown that imported fats and oils are an indispensable requirement for the economic system of the United States, several of th<' processors who have paid large sums to the treasury under the title of this tax, have raised the question of its constitutionality in the courts. While generally the clause of the law providing for a return of the tax proceeds to the Philippine Government is impugned, it lies with the Courts of the United States to pronounce a decision on the validity of this law, which can ultimately be invalidated only by the Supreme Court of the United States. How this decision will be penned, and what its effects will be, is a matter which, it is hoped, will be definitely decided within this year. Legislative action by Congress on the Dockweilcr Bill, which would exempt Philippine Coconut Oil from the Excise Tax in so far as it is used exclusively for industrial purposes, has been pending for more than a year and nobody can foretell whether this matter will be acted upon by Congress or not. The Supreme Court Decision invalidating the Agricultural Adjust ment Act may have factual and legislative con sequences the extent of which is at present at best a hypothetical matter. Last not least the outcome of the Presidential Elections impending this year may influence the economic policy of the United States Government so that a forecast of price movements during the year would be mere guesswork. For the time being, we must limit ourselves to the consideration of fads. The estimate of the 1935/36 Cotton Crop published on December 1st, 1935, placed the production at 10,734,000 bales. On this basis, after allowing for a carry over of 750,000 barrels of Cottonseed Oil on August 1st, 1936, the available supply from Nov ember 31st, 1935, to July 31st, 1936, would be 1,636,768 barrels, or 204,600 barrels per month. This compares with an actual consumption of 1,686,232 barrels for the same period 1934 35, to which, however, must be added 313,760 barrels of Cottonseed Oil imported during that period. The total of 1,999,992 barrels is con siderably higher than the available supply, which thus will have to be supplemented again by imported oils, if we assume that consumption will be about the same this year as last. Private estimates place the available supply of Hog Lard in the United States for the crop year October, 1935, to September, 1936 at 498,600 short tons as compared with an average consumption timing the five crop years 1929 30 to 1933/34 of 783,753 short tons. The shortage of American Hog Lard will therefore be still very considerable, although slightly inferior to the shortage existing during the crop year 1934 ' 35, when the supply available for consumption was only 458,778 short tons. The supply of Hog Lard will therefore also have to be supple mented by imported oils and fats. A shortage of supplies seems to have developed recently in Europe, where, due to import re strictions and exchange difficulties, several major consuming countries have had to curtail their imports of foreign oils and fats below their normal requirements, and it appears now that IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 41 accumulated demand is expressing itself in an appreciation of prices which may and may not last for quite some time. Against a possible shortage in consuming markets, we may safely say that the Philippines will have, during 1936, a good crop of copra, possibly slightly better than during 1935, due to the fact that none of the typhoons which passed over the Islands during last year affected a large area; although it must be borne in mind that should prices fall considerably, planters in many outlying districts will be unable to market their copra due to high transportation cost; and this, in addition to the lack of stimulus to production caused by low prices even in districts where marketing expenses are not so high, might result in a reduction of the marketable crop, especially as in times of low prices the native population is very ingenious in devising new uses for the pro ducts of their coconut trees which allow them to reap greater advantage from their plantations than if they were to make copra and sell it as such. In many provinces, as soon as copra prices drop below a certain level which varies from district to district, the coconuts are fed to pigs, as pork is a very popular food all over the Islands, and pigs fed on coconuts give a very tender, white and juicy meat. The price obtain able for this pork is then much more remunera tive, all expenses considered, than the available copra price. In other provinces, especially where transportation and marketing costs are prohibitive, the planters convert their coconuts into oil by squeezing the meat in a very primitive fashion; the oil thus produced is used for cooking and lighting purposes. Many trees are also tapped for “tuba” or coconut toddy, which is the fermented sap of the tree, and has wide acceptance among the native population as a more or less intoxicating beverage; trees so tapped cannot produce coconuts, as all the sap is drawn from the tree before it reaches the fruit or flowerboaring frond. In times of low copra prices, production of tuba usually in creases considerably. As most planters of co conuts arc louiy people, who depend on their livelihood mostly on the revenue from their coconut plantations, which, in the great majority of the cases arc small, they even use their co conuts for food if they cannot market them at a profit, and the variety of dishes made from coconut meat is very great; many prepare sweets and candy from their coconuts at home, and sell them in the markets of the neighboring towns. On the other hand, when prices are high, even owners of no more than five or six trees turn to copra making and market their few kilos of copra as best they can. This very variable element of influence of prices on production, in addition to possible damage from typhoons, earthquakes and pests, makes production fore casts highly hazardous, but with this reservation in mind, we may say that we do not expect an inferior crop for 1936. Lumber .... (Continued from page 36) Portuguese Africa.. . Sweden ........ 70,384 4,384 Hawaii...................... 1,696 113 Dutch East Indies.. 8,480 1,440 Total................. 13,886,848 P434.338 Note:—’This represents mostly solid log scale, that is, 424 board feet to a cubic meter. For 50 Mills for the month of January Lumber Deliveries from Mills Month ---------------------------------1936 1935 January..................... 16,901,275 16,472,502 Lumber Inventory 1936 1935 January..................... 35,440,906 32,527,201 Mill Production Month ----------------------------------1936 1935 January.................... .......18,340,799 16,142,325 Note:—Board Peet should be used. Sugar Review (Continued from page 3.)) Local Market: The local export market was firm at the opening of the month with small sales at P8.35 per picul in the south, while a large business was done in Manila at the end of the first week at 1’8.50 per picul. In sympathy with the New York market, there was a pause in the local market during the week but before the end of the week, exporters again advanced their prices to P8.50-1’8.60. The market was life less during the third week but during the follow ing week, prices advanced and as high as P8.90 was paid for an attractive parcel. Since sup plies were running low, actual business had been insignificant. During the latter part of the month further improvement was recorded, with moderate business being done at P9.00 and subsequently at 1’9.10-1*9.15. The market for domestic sugar opened on the basis of 1’8.00 ex-ship Manila for raws. Prices slightly declined to 1’7.80-1’7.90 without much pressure, at which level the market continued to the end of the month. Philippine Exports: According to reliable advices, Philippine sugar shipments to the United States during March amounted to 106,190 long tons of centrifugal and 7834 long tons of refined. The aggregate shipments of these two classes of sugar for the first five months of the crop vear 1935-36 follow: I,onU Ton* Centrifugal................. 329,455 Refined ......... 22,271 Totai................................. ' ‘ 351,726 ' Philippine Lumber Manufacturing Co. i Sawmills at Catabangan, Camarines Sur j Manufacturers and Exporters of 1 Philippine Hardwoods [ Operating Agents DEE C. CHUAN & SONS, Inc. Wholesale and Retail Lumber Dealers 14-30 Soler, Manila Tels. 4-96-83 and 4-88-26 Cable Address: Codes Used: “MAHOGANY” Bentley’s & Acme “CHUAN” P. O. Box 474 Manchester Tackles Auto Noise At Manchester, England, a department com mittee on noises of auto vehicles decrees that after August 1 no such vehicles may be sold in the department that do not meet the following tests: "Normal running test”: When the vehicle is driven with full throttle at thirty miles per hour (or at the maximum legal or possible speed, if less than thirty miles per hour) using the gear preferred by the driver, the loudness measures at a point 18 ft. to one side of the vehicle shall not exceed 90 "phons”. "Running engine test”: When the vehicle is stationary with the engine running at the speed which would give maximum power out put, the loudness 18 ft. behind the exhaust-pipe shall not exceed 95 phons. The "phon” measurement of the loudness of some everyday noises is approximately as follows:— Phons. 130: Threshold of feeling of pain. 110-120: Vicinity of aeroplane engine. 105-110: Vicinity of pneumatic drill. 100-105: Vicinity of loud motor horn. 90-95: Interior of Tube train, windows open. 80-85 : Interior of express train, windows open. 60-75: Conversation (average to loud). 40-50: Quiet street. 20-30: Quiet country house. 0: Threshold of audibility. It is suggested that for motor-cycles and com mercial vehicles these noise levels shall be re laxed to the extent of 5 phons for a period of two years to give manufacturers time to earn out the necessary experiments to improve their products without serious dislocation of manu facturing programmes. Regarding the use of vehicles, it is recom mended that the practice of racing engines of stationary vehicles should be prohibited. The committee envisage a system of “type” testing whereby manufacturers would submit to an approved testing establishment, a sample pro duct for test and approval. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 42 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 Men Downtown Choosing their six delegates to the national convention scheduled for Philadelphia, June 23, Democrats of the Philippines assembled at the Manila Hotel under the chairmanship of A. S. Heyward. So the outstanding downtowners of the month were High Commissioner frank Murphy, Major William II. Anderson, Peter J. Walowit, Harold Van Winkle, C. M. Hoskins and I). G. McVean, instructed to vote for the renomination of President Franklin D. Roose velt. Since Governor Murphy was honored as well by a resolution urging his retention as High Commissioner, the possibility is that an alternate delegate may go to Philadelphia in his place, alternates being Lionel Hargis, Edward (1. Kemp, Mrs. Zella Anderson and F. Theo. Rogers. National committeeman is Robert E. Manley, who has attended every Democratic national convention since 1890. Jim Marshall and his lady have been looking over the Philippines with a journalistic eye. Jim is of Collier’s editorial stafT, a recent and Willrogcrish acquisition they are proud of, CHARTERED BANK OF ™Vntaral,a Capital and Reserve Fund.............................................................£6,000,000 Reserve Liability.of Proprietors............................................... 3,000,000 MANILA BRANCH ESTABLISHED 1872 SUB-BRANCHI-S AT CLBL', ILOILO AND ZAMBOANGA Every description. of banking business transacted. Branches in every important town throughout India, China, Japan, Java, Straits Settlements, Federated Malay States, French IndoChina, Siam, and Borneo; also in New York. Head Office: 38 Bishopsgate, London, E. C. C. E. STEWART, Manager, D R Y s E A L S Superior Qualify Dependable Service RING UP 2-1S-C1 the next time you need a Rubber Stamp or Dry Seal and our Salesman will call 71 jrcr^TTT T TT IrX JL1 Sales Office: 2nd Floor IO1 Escolfa R u B B E R s T A M P S rightly. “All I know is what I write for the papers’’, says the Seattleite. The Marshalls would like to sojourn in the islands for many a month, but duty summons them back to the United States, so, using Jim’s own famous tag line, “That will have to be another week!” L. D. Lockwood returned from America, got oil to Baguio in the process of getting accli mated to the Islands again. Visiting in Manila were Mr. and Mrs. Ezra B. Cornell whose family was closely associated with the founding of Cornell University back in the 80’s. C. E. Walter of Anakan Lumber, Zambales. made a business trip to Manila recently. The High Commissioner’s staff, of which E. G. Kemp is legal advisor, came to Manila bag and baggage during Mr. Murphy’s latest stay in the metropolis. Baguio folks have business in Manila, more or less to their regret these hot days, but duty calls them: P. A. Schwab, B. I). Goodier, H. C. Heald, Richard Lile, F. A. Monahan, J. B Stapler, C. A. Weekley, J. V. Wood. W. M. “Walt” Price, the transportation tycoon, has been prowling Manila’s streets with his usual grin and good-fellowship. Jack Diamond, Philippine oldtimer, revisited the scene of his many years’ exploits lo! these many weeks. They always come back. Business brought R. E. Purcell of the IloiloNegros Air Express to Manila. Spain will be the scene of reunion for the S. N. Picornell family soon, for the head thereof left Manila to join the wife and youngsters there, all planning to travel for some six months. Widely feted were J. (). Grcenan and family, popular mining folks, before their departure for Yankeeland. Fritz von Kauffman of the Elizalde turn is wending to America, possibly for two years. The company president, J. M. Elizalde, assumes that portion of the executive work formerly handled by Mr. von Kauffman. One via Europe, the other directly to the Pacific coast, two chromite experts sailed out of Manila Bay in the interests of the Zambales deposit: Courtney Whitney via Suez, and George Scarfe via Honolulu. “Manila is certainly not the same any more,” says Captain W. K. Harvey who saw the Phil ippines first in the Spanish-American war. But that was a long time ago, Captain, don’t blame it all on the younger generation! Leopoldo Kahn, Sr., looks just as ever despite being re-elected for the 17th time as president of the French Chamber of Commerce for the Philippines. The Harvey A. Bordncrs’ departure for the homeland takes away a prop of the Manila public schools, after 32 years of service on the part of Mr. Bordner, 27 years’ teaching by Mrs. Bordner. Ave atque vale! Manila misses Columbus E. Piatt who for 35 years made a worthy contribution in govern ment service, latterly as chief of police. The Piatts have gone home, too. His Manila police men always elicit commendation for trimness and alertness. Frank “Bringing ’Em Back Alive” Buck came to Manila and added to his exploits of capturing voracious jungle beasts the feat of trapping the famous Philippine flying cockroach. The Umbreit family have gone to the United States, where the daughters of the well-known Botica Boie manager will enter school. A. R. Forbes of the Theo Davis company at Bogo, Cebu, came to Manila on business. As Dr. II. D. Kncedler leaves Manila for Seattle and farther points, Harold completes a pleasant vacation in the United States and will soon return to town. Standard Oil has had A. W. Gibson of New York in the Philippines for some months. There’s oil in these plains? Science hasn’t neglected the Islands, for in the person of Dr. George Pinkley, American Museum of Natural History at New York, anthropology has been rampant this last month. Acting on wise words from Dr. H. Otlev Beyer, the re constructor of the Peking man took off for Kalinga and with him went his petite wife—the two looking all the world like young movie stars, instead of the brainy and brilliant folks they arc. There’s a lot to scientific research when it keeps romance aglow. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 43 Consuls in Manila: V—Haochu Lee Hu Betty Simpson Haochu Lee Chinese Consul General When Emperor Yung Lo of the golden age of China, the Ming dynasty, was but mildly curious about Europe, he was the sovereign not only of his own mainland, but the islands of Malaysia as well. So he idlyhcard about the strange lands of Europe, but to the Philippines and the other isles of spices he sent his great Admiral Cheng Ho with a fleet of 62 junks. The year was 1405 A.D., nor was it the first contact of China with the Islands, nor the last. But new China looks not so much to her im perial past, but to a democratic future. As with the Roman matron, her jewels today are the young, whether merchants or poets or patriots. The Consul General in Manila is Haochu Lee. He is often called upon to deliver commencement addresses at the 20 Chinese schools where indus trious youngsters have been garnering a bilingual education, part in Chinese and part in English. His gospel to Chinese youth is dedication to the motherland, even though in the Philippines they are remote from the actual scene. This neces sitates their keeping abreast of modern problems in China, else they will have no understanding of their own country. True that thp merchants spend their lives in the Philippines, sending only a little money to China; but in aging days, they return to China, for the Chinese want to die at home. This chief purpose of Consul Lee, himself young, is explained in the patriotism of the entire family. Nearly all of them took part in the Chinese revolution. Widowed, his mother outlined a program of local and foreign education that would fit her children for service to China. The elder brother attended college in the United States. One sister studied in Japan, the other in America. Consul Loe's education is typical. His elementary schooling was received in a ver nacular school in Canton. At Queen’s College, Hongkong, he learned fluent English and studied European academics during high school days. Ilis college, degree he took at University of Shanghai, originally an American mission college*, and 90 per cent American-staffed when Haochu Lee was graduated Bachelor of Science in Busi ness, 1925. After serving as Secretary of Political Council with the National Government in Canton, also in similar political roles, he accompanied that headlining statesman Wang Ching-wei to Europe. London University gave opportunity for re search work in its School of Economics and Political Science from 1928 to 1930. Both cir cumstances were abundantly opportune for the study of diplomacy. The drama of China’s new republicanism was again a field of action when from 1930 to 1932 Ilaochu Lee served as private secretary to Wang Ching-wei. Railways were a master key and the high honor of three several transportation appointments followed: Counsellor of the Min istry of Railways; Director of the General Af fairs, Department of Ministry of Railways; member of Board of Directors for TientsinFukow Railway. Another trip with Mr. Wang followed, the younger statesman studying railway administra tion and on his return being appointed to the National Economic Commission. In December, 1935, as Consul General, he arrived in the Philip pines. Filipino-Chinese friendship is one of the welcome duties of his office. He is assisted by a staff headed by Consul K. Y. Sun and ViceConsuls, S. K. Cheng and K. Y. Mok. Since Chinese tradition calls for return to the ▲ Modern Engineering Achievement rile llurrouk'liH Typewriter embodies the best features to be found on modern typewriters. To these have been added many Burroughs refinements. The resuit is an engineering achievement arising from fifty yenrs of experience in building office machines of the highest quality. BURROUGHS STANDARD TYPEWRITER BURROUGHS, INC. Adding, Calculating, Billing, Accounting Machines, Cash Registers, Typewriters,Steel Office Equipment Fourth Floor Samanillo Bldg., Escolta MANILA, PHILIPPINE ISLANDS ancestral town in old age, the elder merchants finally leave the Philippines for China, turning over whatever business they are engaged in to a young successor of the family. They are but a part of the Hock going back to die peacefully. And like all colonials, they discover the home land has changed, their own ways arc perhaps a trifle foreign due to residence abroad. Perhaps, too, they fail then to comprehend the new life in China. However long Consul General Lee fills his present post, he will not become overmuch sub ject to his environment. A self-dedication to his country’s cause is one reason. Another, his brother and his two sisters holding high position in the government, and his farseeing mother living quietly and proudly in Canton, are active intellectual and emotional ties. The Philippines see, have long seen, Chinese mercantile establishments, hospitals, schools, tiendas. Chinese moving pictures are shown in Chinese-patronized theatre's. Occasionally, but only that, do Chinese ways manifest them selves and reveal the culture of the race. Reli gious observances arc mainly confined by cus tom to the home. Exchange professors at University of the Philippines bring some direct contact with Chinese universities. The arts of China—literature and painting most challenging to foreign accomplishment—have barely fol lowed Chinese businessmen to the Philippines. But every festive archway built of bamboo for distinguished guests is reminiscent of a Chinese carved junk. Every racial gift from across the China sea is a cherished possession. Ming porcelains are found buried away in the Islands. The new China sends a young Consul General to the Philippines. Foreign Consuls of Manila Black type Indicates Consular Officers of Career ARGENTINE REPUBLIC.—J. F. Fernandez. Consul. 109 Juan Luna. Phone 4-98-20. Telephone 2-34-66 P. O. Box 2769 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 44 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 BELGIUM.—M. Verlindcn, Consul, 31 Escolta. Capitol Bldg., Second Floor. Phone 2-10-90. BOLIVIA—Joaquin M. Elizalde. Elizalde Bldg., Muelle de la Industria. Phone 2-27-92. CHINA.— H. C. I.ee, Consul General, China Bank Bldg. Phone 4-90-23. J. C. Hsu, Consul. COSTA RICA.—Vicente T. Fernandez, Consul, Room 302 S. O. de Fernandez Bldg. Phone 2-67-16. CUBA—Andres Soriano, Consular Agent, 155 Aviles, Manila CZECHOSLOVAKIA —Leo Schnurmncher. Consul, 67 Juan Luna. Phone 2-26-24. DENMARK.—G. P. Datema, Consul. Muelle de Binondo 112-113. Phone 4-96-80. ECUADOR. — Federico Perez. Honorary Consul. Tabacalera Bldg., 212 M. de Coinillas. Phone 2-25-81 EL SALVADOR.—Manuel Perez Rosales, 122 Juan Luna, Manila. P. O. Box 122. FRANCE.—Gaston Willoquet, Consul, (on leave) L. Kahn, Acting Consul. Luis Perez Samanillo Bldg., Room 329, Escolta, Phone 2-39-40. GERMANY.—Dr. J. Schulze, consul (Absent); F. Fis cher, Acting Consul, 1570 Arlegui Extension, San Miguel, Manila. Phone 2-26-59. GREAT BRITAIN.-Manila—Arthur P. Blunt. II. B. M. Consul-General (on leave), L. II. Foulde, H. B M. acting Consul General, Wise Bldg., 174 Juan Luna. Phone 4-87-17. Cebu—G. Walford. Vice-Consul. Iloilo—J. A. Lees, Acting Vice-Consul. Zamboanga—W. L. Ciaig, Acting Vice-Consul. Davao—W. C. Naismith, Acting Vice-Consul. Legaspi—D. C. Brown. Acting Vice-Consul. GUATEMALA.—Jos6 Garcia Alonso, Honorary Con sul, 116 Beatcrio, Manila. Phone 2-11-92. ITALY.—R. P. Staurenghi, Acting Consul, 702 Ileacock Bldg. Phone 2-16-80. JAPAN. — K. L'chiyama, Consul-General, Jitaro Kihara, Vice-Consul. De los Reyes Bldg., Plaza Cer vantes. Phone 2-35-57. Davao—I. Shibata. Consul. LATVIA —I.eopoldo R. Aguinaldo. Vice-Consul, Aguinaldo Bldg. Phone 4-98-85. LIBERIA.—R. Summers, Consul, 793 Santa Mesa, Phone 6-71-85. MEXICO. — A. Carmelo. Honorary Consul, 2035 Azenrragn, Tel. 2-33-31. NETHERLANDS.—E. Ileybroek, Consul. (On leave). T. Bremer, Vice-Consul. (Acting Consul) c/o Wise & Co., 174 Juan Luna. Phone 4-90-35. Cebu—Guy Walford. Acting Vice-Consul. Iloilo—J. A. Lees, Acting Vice-Consul. NICARAGUA.—Trinidad E. Lacayo, Consul-General (Absent), Dr Carlos Gclano, Acting Vice-Consul, 1921 Herran, Manila. Phone 5-61-91. NORWAY.—T. M. Ilolmscn, 3 Plaza Moraga. Phone, 2-10-26. Cebu—Guy Walford. Vice-Consul. PANAMA.—E. C. Ross, Consul. 217 Perez Samanillo Bldg. Phone 5-66-28. PARAGUAY —J. J. Russell. Esq . Consul. No. 8. Muelle del Banco Nacional. Phone 2-16-70. PERU.— I.eopoldo Melian, Acting Honorary Consul, 211 Dewey Boulevard. Phone 5-69-16. PORTUGAL.—J. W. Ferrier. Consul, 701 Insular Life BuildiDg. Phone 2-23-67. REPUBLICA DOMINICANA. — Buenaventura de Erquiaga, Honorary Consul, 909 Indiana, Manila. RUSSIA.—(See France ) SIAM.—E. A. Perkins, Consul, 511-521 Heacock Bldg., Escolta, P. O. Box 766. Phone 2-24-04. SPAIN.—Manila—Don Miguel Espinosa Bosch, Consul General, Andr6s Rodriguez Ramon, Vice-Consul, Consulado General de Espana, Calle San Luis. Tel 5-67-63. Iloilo—Jos6 M. Regucra. Consul. Cebu—Gcnaro Membiola, Acting Vice-Consul. I^gaepi—Joaquin Zuloaga, Consular Agent. Laguna—Luis Soler de Cornelia, Acting Consular Zamboanga—Marcelino Lozano, Consular Agent. Guam—Angel Vivas, Consular Agent. Tuguegarao—Jos6 Ma. Hernandez, Acting Consular Agent. SWEDEN —A G. Henderson. Chaco Building; H. Japson, Vice-Consul, 75 Dasmarifias. SWITZERLAND. — A. Sidler, Consul (Absent). Wm. Maurer, Chancellor and Acting Consul. 805 Echague. Tel. 2-22-38. TURKEY.—Consul for Spain in charge. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.—Henry Day, 410 Heacock Bldg., Escolta. Tel. 2-33-20. URUGUAY.—R. A. Schneckenburger, Consul—J. Peres Cardenas, acting, El Hog.r Filipino Bldg., R-N. 36 Juan Luna. VENEZUELA —Albert P. Delfino. Consul. 50 Escolta, Tel. 2-12-89. Safe Motor Driving Gladly we indorse the direction of an oil company’s advertising (Standard Vacuum) to ward greater safety on Philippine highways. Driving ourself, managing never to sound the horn in Manila, dangers encountered include prominently: 1) blinding illegal lights; 2) im promptu racing, often between taxis; 3) reckless speed over wet surfaces of asphalt where skid ding should be expected; 4) passing at speed on the illegal left. Next, cutting corners is annoyingly dangerous—for the car that is not cutting, it is most provoking. Some elements in the existing situation could be eliminated by good practical police work. Glaring high-angled headlights arc one of these. Racing commonly takes place out of sight of the police; yet if the numbers of cars racing on public streets were caught and reported, while it would not make the police a case in court, warning could be sent the drivers that they had actually been reported upon. This warning might sermon ize briefly on the immorality of such reckless ness, endangering other lives than those of the passengers in the racing cars. The ethics of safe driving could be the subject of talks that might be made to groups of taxi drivers at their headquarters. Worked out well, and in the vernacular, these could be put into a pamphlet and handed to every licensed driver in the Islands. If regulations might go so far, or if new law might impose the sanction, after due time drivers might be required to report to Chief Reyes of the automobile section of the public works bureau (that issues the licenses), for examination as to what the pamphlet con tained. Should the government go to the trouble of putting out such standard regulations, it ought to go farther and compel drivers to be familiar with them. The root of the matte/ is, reckless driving is unethical driving; reckless driving is done by drivers with little or no consideration for the general rights of the public on the public tho roughfares. A step in the right direction would be to define ethical driving, then compel every driver to learn the definition. Having used hydraulic 1-wheel brakes many years, we can’t imagine that defective brakes are still a cause of accidents in driving. It goes without saying, of course, that severe penalties ought to be de manded of anyone owning and using a motor vehicle with defective brakes. The police ought always to report illegal passing and corner-cutting whenever they observe it, whether actual arrest is made or not; this information, sent back to the driver con cerned, would tend to caution him. Certainly the police can correct the headlight nuisance, the superfluous sounding of horns, and kindred annoyances. The view Manila takes of the sounding of motor horns is scientifi cally unsound. The needless noise sets nerves on edge, and contributes to danger for that reason. The police should be peremptory in suppres sing it. Because Manila has first rate crowd manners, something remarked by every observer during every occasion bringing large pedestrian groups together, the /situation as to motor driving is not as hopeless, we think, as a first glance would make it appear. Safe driving can be taught, and should be. But it can’t be taught merely as safe driving. Every driver knows what safe driving is now. What needs to be taught is the reason for it, the ethical reason; namely, every day courtesy to others, consideration for others sufficient to make drivers refrain from putting their safety and comfort in danger. Department of Agriculture and Commerce Statistics Division Summary of the Data Contained in the Statistical Service Sheet For the Four Ending March 28, 1936 (March 7-28, 1936 ) CoRPORAT E IN V ESTAI ENTS Corporations— N on-stock Number................................ 17 Stock Number................................ 33 Capital paid up.................. P 1,006,765 Partnership— Number.................................... 15 Capital paid............................ P433.000 Postal Money Order (Main office only) Issued — X umber.................................... 9,868 Value......................................... P269,876.02 Paid— Number.................................... 66,673 Value......................................... I> 2,432,075 Stock Exchange (Shares sold) Mining— Number.................................... 60,302,205 Value......................................... 1*11,207,047 Mortgages Registered Real Estate— Number.................................... 102 Value....................................... 1’1,443,469.23 ChattelNumber.................................... 133 Value......................................... 1’401,568.03 Motor Registration New— Automobiles............................. Ill Trucks...................................... 29 Motorcycles............................. 4 Transfers— Automobiles............................. 324 Trucks...................................... 44 Motorcycles............................. 2 Radio Registration New ......................................... ns Renewals..................................... 333 Livestock Carabaos Arrivals.............. 1,158 Slaughtered....... 1,031 Condemned and re-shipped.. 158 On Hand at close of day... 86 Cattle— Arrivals................ 2,433 Slaughtered......... 2,351 Condemned and re-shipped. . 165 On hand at close of day. . . 194 Hogs— Arrivals............... 11,634 Slaughtered......... 11,554 Condemned and re-shipped. . 100 On hand at close of day. . . 319 MISSING PAGE/PAGES April, 1936 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 47 Commodities Canton (I.ow Grade Cordage Fibre). Cigars (Number)................................... Coconut Oil............................................ Copra Meal............................................ Cordage.................................................... Desiccated and Shredded Coconuts .. Embroideries........................................... Hats (Number)..................................... Knotted Hemp................ Leaf Tobacco.................. Lumber (Cubic Meters). Maguey............................. Pearl Buttons (Gross) .. All Other Products.. Total Domestic Products. . . United States Products........ Foreign Countries Products. Grand Total.................... Articles Automobiles....................... Automobile Accessories.. Automobile Tires............. Books and Other Printed Matters.......................... Breadstuff Except Whcut Flour............................... Cacao Manufactures Ex cept Candy................... Cars and Carriages......... Chemicals, Dyes, Drugs, Coffee. Raw and Prepared Cotton Cloths.................. Cotton Goods, Other.. . . Crude Oil........................... Dairy Products................ Diamond and Other Pre cious Stones Unset.... Earthern Stones and Chinaware..................... Eggsand Preparation of.. Electrical Machinery.. . . Explosives.......................... Fertilizers........................... Fish and Fish Products. . Fruits and Nuts.............. Gasoline............................. Glass and Glassware.. .. Illuminating Oil............... India Rubber Goods.-. .. Instrument and Appara tus not Electrical........ Iron and Steel Except Machinery..................... Leather Goods.................. Lubricating Oil................ Machinery and Parts of. . Matches............................. Meat Products................. Motion Picture Films... Oils not Separately Listed Paints, Pigments, Var nish, et<-......................... Paper Goods Except Books............................. Perfumery and Other Toilet Goods................ Photographic Equipment Rice..................................... Shoes and Other FootSilk Goods........................ Soaps................................... Sugar and Molasses........ Tobacco and Mfgs, of... Vegetables......................... Vegetables, Fibre and Mfrs, of......................... Wheat Flour..................... Wood, Recd, Bamboo, and Rattan................... Woolen Goods.................. Other Imports.................. PRINCIPAL EXPORTS Janunry, 1936 January. 1935 Monthly ar previous erage for 12 months to January, 1936 Quantity Value % Quantity Value % Quantity 58.824 11,128,965 10,508,543 27,411,776 9,098,517 419,227 2,330,556 36,330 12,402,286 4,20/ 640,999 49,065 73,064,530 P 6,023 333,910 1,511,161 2,505,078 305,963 520,746 623,853 240,721 31,039 9,176,448 681,314 P19.040.927 99.7 57,640 0.3 5,793 P19.104.360 85,388 20,974,018 11,819,924 19,931,653 6,575,808 891,785 82,626 15,003,669 649 1,486,422 8,631 1,052,482 49,735 15,095,315 Note:—All quantities are in kilos except where otherwise indicated. PRINCIPAL IMPORTS January, 1936 January, 1935 Monthly average for 12 months previous to January, 1936 P 5,531 645,212 1,409,635 1,453,335 222,630 272,201 276,463 589,009 167,348 1,439,400 913 331,677 239.475 57.026 33,874 1,566,975 843,154 422,690 18,592,274 13,682,147 21,074,970 8,488,672 667,220 2,830,670 44,865 15,683,375 4,941 1,867,713 8,988 1,227,119 57,847 43,019,390 P 25,358 566,563 2,025,667 1,832,887 273,237 193,636 660,386 832,713 79,137 ,912,328 6,062 384,577 259,916 84,866 39,566 5,498,446 851,039 P 9,553.860 95,840 26,922 P 9,676.622 Value % 134,432 133,647 43,748 153,901 191,692 85,835 374,002 458,929 675,983 Value P 339,626 186,760 144,441 141,409 106,352 93,742 51,250 465,963 193.159 146,876 1,474,017 697,594 631,665 521,116 46,980 67,410 27,178 431,534 78,542 479,466 248,603 369,756 814,252 41,670 1.098,053 181,030 136,262 694.320 13,873 325,768 127,542 88,371 90,678 350,179 103,830 69,505 38,485 111.591 340,975 29.042 29,872 1,019,375 267,682 33S.772 446,071 Value % 2 7 8 8 2 2 5 3 5 7 5 3 2 5 98.8 0.9 0.3 9 0 1 P15,709.278 CARRYING TRADE IMPORTS Monthly average for January, 1936 January, 1935 12 months previous Nationality of Vessels to January, 1936 2 2 9 0 9 0 7 0 0 6 2 1 0 9 4 9 2 3 5 5 0 3 0 0 0 2 0 8 1 2 5 0 2 0 6 2 7 2 6 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 2 0 0 0 7 2 72 2 7 7 1 9 0 0 7 5 P 468,088 167,819 131,941 172,961 98,914 84,246 79,103 30,265 49,654 108,932 353,679 P14.207.376 3.3 1.2 0.9 1.2 0.7 0.2 0.2 1.9 7.7 TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES Monthly average for January, 193G January, 1935 12 months previous Ports to January, 1936 Value % Value % Value Value % Value % Value Americon.... British............ Chinese.......... Danish............ Dutch............. French............ German.......... Greeks............ Japanese........ Norwegian.. . Panaman....... Philippines. .. Swedish.......... By Freight.. . By Mail........ Total............ ............... 7,501,923 14,807 324,377 730,058 965,104 718,442 59,783 0.5 8.3 3.9 0.3 70,283 0.4 ,040,947 ,002,247 504,187 18,051 143,077 6.9 3 JI 0. 1 0 31 0 2 9 8 2 P18,574,365 97.6 P15.135.98l 96.9 P13.974.386 98 465,888 2.4 492,192 3.1 270,117 1 EXPORTS Monthly average for January, 1936 January, 1935 12 months previous Nationality of Vessels to January, 1936 Value % Value % Value % 1’5,508,192 28.9 3.890,938 20.4 Pl,414,859 46.4 1,894,146 19.9 27,029 0.3 111.410 4.3 116.913 4.4 German. Greeks. . Italians. Japanese... Norwegian Panaman.. Philippines. Swedish.. .. 8S.061 0.9 P6,363.567 3,128,635 15,792 681.002 586,582 351 194.433 205.779 76,738 2,627,873 1.277,719 256,284 356 117,067 0 8 3 2 6 9 By Freight......................... 1’19,031,28G 99.6 P9,500,721 98.2 P15,562.178 98.1 By Mail............................. 73,071 0.4 175,881 1.8 145,434 0.9 Total.......... . .. .. P19.104.360 P 9.676,602 P15.707.6I2 TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES Countries January, 19.36 January, 1935 Value % Value % Value Australia................... Belgium.................... British East Indies Canada..................... China....................... Denmark.................. Dutch East Indies. France....................... French Eust Indies Germany................... Hongkong................. Japanese China. .. . Netherlands........... Norway..................... Switzerland.............. United Kingdom.. . United States.......... Other Countries.. Total.............................. P 577,565 3,361 218,969 547,739 440,128 629,779 145,705 274,519 492,391 370,202 1,165,293 121,294 8,001 4G3.579 102,663 76,270 928,461 26,889,201 202,691 P38.144.613 0.2 56,078 49,321 2,545,126 53,869 165,372 15,776 24,177 420,426 134,012 36,536 656.202 19,085,239 131,848 P26.304.698 328.275 71,992 581,561 145,523 34,996 2,921,806 42,589 268,453 32.730 17,791 495,549 103,504 94,243 780.163 21,695.974 238,927 48 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL April, 1936 RAIL COMMODITY MOVEMENTS By LEON M. LAZAGA Acting Traffic Manager, Manila Railroad Company The volume of commodities received in Manila during the month o.' March 193G, via the Manila Railroad Company are as follows: Rice, cavanes........................... 143,491 Sugar, piculs............................... 239,087 Copra, piculs............................... 91,094 Desiccated Coconuts, cases....... 22,752 Tobacco, bales............................. 1,052 Lumber, board feet............... 306,326 Timber, kilos ............................. 1,326,000 Th' freight revenue car loading statistics for four weeks ending March 28, 1936, as compared with the same period of 1935 are given below: Floating Clinic . . . (Continued from page 4-5) Captain Skolfield had resigned his commission in the United States navy, after 12 years that, included wartime, and come to the Philippines where he was assigned to the Palawan group. Looking over the problem for the first time, his solution was a ship. Dr. Paul Culley, now in the United States, was his confrere. At present Dr. Cesar Jima is in charge of the clinical work, and Dr. Fernandez of dentistry. All supplies are purchased in Manila at the start of a cruise. The Skolfield children take their toys aboard, Mrs. Skolfield leaves forward ing addresses for mail and magazines, the (.'airtain gives the order Anchors aweigh. Thousands of Filipinos including some Moros receive clinical attention. They need no per suasion, but come eagerly to the plaza when the white-frocked workers set up shop. Local knowledge of medical and dental practice may be limited, as in the case of one man with an aching tooth who said he would permit its extraction if another tooth just as good was put right in. Thegospelof St. Luke is translated into dialect, and distributed free. Fifty thousand copies have been disseminated. The first appearance of The Gospel Ship was mistaken for the arrival of a government cutter, and as such was not avoided. The boat is welcome' in the Palawan islands. FREIGHT REVENUE CAR LOADING Chemical Engineer A graduate chemical engineer accustomed to hard work, as his letter says, seeks employment in the Philippines. His address is Grand Rapids, Michigan, but inquiry may be made through the chamber of commerce. He is 35 years old, claims excellent health. His experience has covered, he says, pigment manufacture, petro leum sales and research, food manufacture (chief chemist and plant superintendent) and market analysis or sales engineer. He is pre pared to furnish detailed credentials. He might fit into a mining organization, and apparently would accept moderate pay. BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL DIRECTORY Kerr Steamship Co., Inc. General Agents “SILVER FLEET” Express Freight Services Phi lippines-New York-Bos ton Philippines-Pacific Coast (Direct) Roosevelt Steamship Agency A gents Chaco Bldg. Phone 2-14-20 Manila, P. I. P. O. Box 1394 Telephone 22070 J. A. STIVER Attorney-At-Law—Notary Public Certified Public Accountant Administration of Estates Receiverships Investments Collections Income Tax 121 Real, Intramuros Manila, P. I. Philippines Cold Stores Wholesale and Retail Dealers in American and Australian Refrigerated Produce STORES AND OFFICES Calle Echague Manila, P. I. BENIPAYO PRESS & PHOTO ENGRAVERS PRINTERS—ENGRAVERS—STATIONERS—PUBLISHERS Tels. 2-19-05 & 2-29-60 536-540 Miscricordia, Sta. Cruz Manila, P. 1. The only press in the Orient that is completely equipped with modern automatic machines and a Shop of Photo-Engraving U ® T CHINA BANKING CORPORATION MANILA, P. I. Domestic and Foreign Banking of Every Description IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL Creosote Is An ‘Antidote’ for Ants White ants simply will not associate with creosote or anything that has creosote in it. Taking advantage of this knowledge it will pay you to use nothing but CRECSCTED Rot is another problem that causes large losses. Again creosoted lumber brings a great saving. Actual use of this has proven that it will prolong the life of lumber for many more years. We have ample stocks for all purposes, including piles and ties. ATLANTIC, GULF & PACIFIC COMPANY Resolved:— “That the only way to settle the refrigerator problem is to SETTLE it.” Men and women by the hun dreds of thousands have done it with the El. ECTRO LUX THE SEnVEE_^^/REEKlGEBATOR More dependable; More economical; No expensive repairs; Roomy Food Chambers; Plenty of Ice Cubes. Since the average man is not concerned with beauty or convenience we’ll let that go for women readers who DO want them. With the hot season going great you will want one to take the curse off. Come in and let us arrange to install it. MANILA GAS CORPORATION IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL Reduce Motoring Accidents! ACCIDENTS due to reckless driving and careless walking happen almost daily. Some of these accidents are serious in nature, while others end fatally. In many cases, instantaneous death saves the victims from undergoing an agonizing ordeal. Ironically, those who are left behind must suffer the hardships resulting from the loss of a bread-earner. Traffic Safety Campaign Strongly Endorsed by BUREAU OF PUBLIC WORKS PHILIPPINE ARMY MANILA POLICE DEPT. MUNICIPAL POLICE PHIL. SAFETY COUNCIL PHIL. MOTOR ASSOCIATION BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA Drive-Walk Life is too precious to be thoughtlessly sacrificed in this tragic manner. Consequently the Standard-Vacuum Oil Company, in its desire to be of further service to the Filipino people, will sponsor another community movement—a campaign to reduce motoring accidents. We will publish messages on traffic safety and road courtesy. Efforts will also be made to interest everyone in accident-prevention. While it is usually difficult to stir people, in masses, out of their natural inertia, nevertheless if by launching this safety campaign we succeed in lowering, even slightly, the present percentage of motoring accidents, it will compensate us for the time and money we invest on this community movement. CAREFULLY Safety First/ We bespeak the assistance of the public — motorists and pedestrians alike—in this campaign. STANDARD-VACUUM OIL COMPANY Makers of Socony Gasoline and Clearosol Mobiloil, The Perfect Pair IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL McCullough printing Company