The American Chamber of Commerce Journal

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Part of The American Chamber of Commerce Journal

Title: The American Chamber of Commerce Journal
Description: Manila : The Chamber, 1921-1976
52 v.
Issue Date: Volume XVII (No. 11) November 1937
Publisher: The American Chamber of Commerce of the Philippine Islands (Member Chamber of Commerce of the United States)
Year: 1937
Language: English
Subject: Philippines -- Commerce -- Periodicals.; Philippines -- Economic conditions -- Periodicals.
Rights
Place of publication: Manila
extracted text: Number Old Deacon Prautch: A Eulogy President Quezon and the State University Born King of the Jew Spirit of One Woman EDITORIAL: Good Weather and Good Times HIM\( I I VII W A Complete Metallurgical Engineering Service to the Philippine Mining Industry The Stock Market Culled from the News October 1937 Gold Production Inf rod « ci ng the new Section J D UR .v.\ 1 Finer Performance with CHEVROLET TRUCKS CHEVROLET TRUCK MODELS AVAILABLE 112” w.b.. Commercial ('h:i>>i». Available with open ur closed bodies. 131" w.b.. Utility Chassis. Available with factory l>iii’panel body. 157” w.b., Utility Chassis. 185” w.b., Bus Chas-is. (regular, heavy duty and De Luxe types). 155” w.b.. Ill) (iasolinc forwau! Steer Chassis. 155” w.b., Ill) Diesel Korwaui Steer Chassis. Z A REATER pulling power with lowest gas and oil costs— * 1 rugged strength to haul heavy loads under all road condi tions—these factors contribute to the tine performance of Chevrolet Trucks. And Chevrolet gives you High-Compression, Valve-inllead. Six-Cylinder Engine, a Full-Floating Rear Axle, New Perfected Hydraulic brakes, and many other features which contribute to the reliability of Chevrolet performance. There is a Chevrolet Truck for every hauling requirement CHEVROLET Note: (Irarity <>, II ,kIro ilir nil steel (lll-mp hotly < t/ui/tint nt tirtiilable at extra clmrin. PACIFIC COMMERCIAL COMPANY Distributor—Chcrrolct Cars and Trucks Introducing: Reddy Kilowatt YOUR ELECTRICAL SERVANT He Will Work Mistakes; Without Supervision; Reddy says:—"The world calls me the world’s champion servant because I can do everything, except make your bed and take your medicine. 1 can cook your food, run your refrigerator, light your home, run your radio, keep you cool, polish your floors, toast your bread, make your coffee, wash your clothes and iron ’em, run your sewing machine, keep perfect lime, heat your water, and many other servant jobs.” ■‘When you want me, (urn a switch and I am there instantly; when I’m not wanted I keep strictly out of sight, and don’t gossip.” Longer Hours; For Less Pay Without Complaint; Without Without Vacations. “And the harder I work for you the less I cost per hour; this is important for you to remember because I am en tirely different from any other servant you ever had. Even overtime will not make any difference to me.” “So, instead of thinking of me as ‘kilowatt hours’, as I have been known for many years, you will in the future recognize me as ‘servant hours’ and be more than glad to have me around, doing more jobs in your home every day; and when 1 present my bill for service rend ered you will gladly pay it.” Reddy Kilowatt THE MORE WORK I DO THE LESS I COST YOU ADDRESS MANILA ELECTRIC COMPANY, .. IN RESPONDING IO ,1/A / A! //s/'.WE.V / S' PI EASE MIA'TIOX FIJE AMIRKAN (HAMPER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 19 37 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL r_, Vou Think Can. v;„er Gift Of A Fmer than a modern ELECTROLUX THE SERVEL GAS REFRIGERATOR T T’S one of those gifts that pay dividends every day for many years to come and at no expense worth mentioning. That is the kind of a gift worth giving .. . and worth receiving too, with greater emphasis on the latter. Let us arrange for it NOW. IK) YOCR CHRISTMAS SHOPPING EARLY HEACOCK’S RETAIL STORE • 72-74 ESCOLTA IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERK A.V ( HAMPER OE COMMERCE JOVRNAI. THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OE COMMERCE JOURNAL November. 19 37 The Philippine Guaranty Company, Inc SURETY BONDS— > We execute bonds of various kinds, especially CUSTOMS BONDS. FIRE ARMS BONDS. IN TERNAL 1 EVENUE BONDS, PUBLIC WORKS BONDS for Contractors, COURT BONDS for Executors, Administrators and Re ceivers and E;A1L I ONDS in criminal cares. FIRE INSURANCE— LOANS— i Secured by first mortgage on improved properties in the City of Manila on the monthly amortiza tion plan. Second Floor Phone 2-24-31 P. O. Box 128 INSULAR LIFE BLDG. MANILA Whenever It Is— Wherever You Are In the sunny Philippines yru may enjoy the great privilege of quenching your thirst with the best and most refreshing refreshment. £>an Miguel the grand old brew— a product of the MIQUEL BREWERY the home of quality products /.V K/:'.S7’O.\’O/.VG TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OE COMMERCE JOURNAL 3 Creosote Is An ‘Antidote’ for Ants While ants simply will not associate with creosote or anything that has creosote in it. Taking Advantage of this knowledge it will pay you to use nothing but C Ik IE (D S <D T IE ID IL U Ml IB IE Ik Rot is another problem that causes large losses. Again creosoted lumber brings a great saving. Actual use of this has proven that it will prolong the life of lumber for many more years. We have ample stocks for all purposes, including piles arid ties. ATLANTIC, GULF & PACIFIC COMPANY A String Of Holidays with long, hot roads on which to prove DUNLOP GOLD CUP TIRES Tropic Tested---Cool Running- -Higher Speed....... Greater Safety r---For those long Holiday tripsreplace with DUNLOP MONSERRAT ENTERPRISES COMPANY, LTD. 477 A. Mabini Tel. 5-72-51 Manila /.V RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCF .lOCRNM 4 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OE COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 NCTICE Unequivocal Guaranty on VHSIfN Special Reserve SCOTCH Take a drink of Weston If one is not enough Gall the boy back and Order “the same” again Results are Guaranteed Trans-Pacific Trading Co. 130 T. Pinpin Tel. 2-42-04 MANILA P. O. Box 497 FASHIONABLE FRAMES KRUEGER'S first BEER IN KEGLINED CANS AT ALL GROCERS OR DIRECT FROM TRANS-PACIFIC - TRADING, CO. P.O. BOX497 ■ MANILA • TEL. 2-4Z-O4 Good for a Healthy Thirst! Gall the It is about time when you should have your eyes examined again and the proper lenses pre scribed. If so it is also the time to consider a new frame that is new, modern and fashionable. We have a complete line of new designs in frames and will be pleased to assist you in a selection suited to your personality. • COME IN TODAY—LET US SHOW YOU Ever the best in quality but never higher in price. Sugar Hews Pre// Tel. 2-12-75 for ENGRAVED • X'MAS CARDS • INVITATIONS • STATIONERY Printers of Reliability IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OE COMMERCE JOURNAL Single Copies: 3 5 centavos • If you don’t know where Philippine church bells are cast, it is on calle Jaboneros, soapmakers’ street, in San Nicolas, Manila—a craft founded there by Chinese who by Philip Il’s decree worked with two Filipino apprentices to every skilled craftsman in order to in troduce the building trades into the Islands. Largest of the foundries on Jaboneros is that of the Sunicos, Tomas, married and wealthy, and Sebastian, an old bachelor who has charge of the business and personally okays the pours. Their father, Hilario, whose father was a Chinese, established the foundry about seventy years ago; no doubt his father taught him his trade. Bells in most of Manila’s many church towers bear the Sunico mark, and of course a great many in the prov inces. The price is by the kilogram, at present Pl.50. The material is bronze, Sebastian’s personal pride. Each bell leaves the shop mounted with a counterpoise of molave, so that, no matter how large the bell, a child can turn it and make the clapper clang for dear life. • Apparatus for bells weighing 1,000 kilograms has been scrapped, nobody asks for such sizes nowadays, they usually stop at 200 to 300 kilograms. Churches and chapels throughout the Islands are always getting new bells, or old bells recast. Business in bells boomed dur ing Harrison’s administration, old bells that had yielded their bronze to the revolution and the Aguinaldo insur rection were then, it seems, being replaced. Business remained good up to 1930, but ha? been moderate since. When orders are few, the Sunicos stagger the work rather than lay men off or cut wages, one crew puts in three days a week, another crew the other three days— obedience to the mandate that you must not destroy a man’s rice bowl. Skilled foundrymen get up to P3 a day, and we noticed when visiting the foundry that boys were there putting in licks as apprentices. Foreman Sanchez, twenty-four years with the Sunicos, showed us around. Nowhere have Rome and old China met more intimately than in this business of bells for Philippine churches and their broods of humble chapels. Jaboneros no longer makes soap, so far as we observed; you get more of that on calle Tetuan and calle Echague, the Chinese style. Nowadays it takes the capacity of big factories for the popular demand. • Neither in area nor in population are the Philippines a small country; they are small only when contrasted with their gigantic neighbors and the Americas, but their population rivals some populations in the Amer icas. We will keep saying the Philippines have seven teen million inhabitants until accurate census figures correct us. More conservative comments concede Luzon nearly seven million inhabitants, approximately Sweden’s population, far exceeding Norway’s. Any almanac will reveal many countries more prominent in the world’s attention whose areas, populations, and resources are dwarfed by those of the Philippines. But a greater contrast is that some of these countries are quite packed, their resources are strained to support their inhabitants, whose wits are sharpened by the necessity to make the most of what little they have. Denmark is such a country. (Please turn to page 11) ALHAMBRA CIGARS— IMITATED BUT NEVER EQUALLED! Superior quality and perfect workmanship have made ALHAMBRA CIGARS the national favorites for the last 40 years. They are first choice by occasional and confirmed smokers alike. Attractive special holiday make-up adds to the distinction of ALHAMBRA CIGARS as an ideal Gift in remembering your friends and business associates for CHRISTMAS and NEW YEAR. Please ask for our special Christmas price list. ALHAMBRA CIGAR & CIGARETTE MFG., CO. Tel. 4-75-16 MANILA P. O. Box 209 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 Old Deacon Prautch: A Eulogy By WALTER ROBB Old Prautch is dead, Old Deacon Prautch. The Union church, decked in May flowers for his memorial services, is neutral ground where for a solemn hour he and old friends meet: he there sleeping, one with yesterday’s seven thousand years, and they immured in sentient prudent domesticity. When Prautch lived, Old Deacon Prautch that he was, there were invisible barriers to such cordial propinquity; and so the Union church, on May 19, is somewhat filled with downtown friends of Prautch’s who in thirty-nine years had never once known precisely where he lived nor crossed his thres hold. Union Church of Manila, a little cottage church in between Ermita and Malate, is never more solemnly beautiful than at hours when, usually of an after noon for the better accommoda tion of the business of the liv ing, its altar and nave are banked with flowers for a tri bute- to one who will not be coming there again: white lilies, the lotus, and from backyard screens, cadena de amor or chains of white or pink love blossoms. So was the little church brightened that hour, and in the afternoon, for the Reverend S. W. Stagg to take the pulpit and utter, the eulogy for Old Deacon Prautch. To what spiritual exigencies brutal circumstances constrain us all. There is this mat ter of Prautch’s downtown friends. So many, and I included, had I such a book to keep, could regularly have made entries of profit in their ledgers under the heading, Aloofness from Old Prautch. It is true, and the expla nation is that Prautch was Jeremiah reincarnate whom you could never join closely without joining a crusade and letting what was practicable and attainable go hang. Yet Prautch, himself, apart from the vain causes he espoused, whose dauntless banners he held bravely aloft as he walked the streets of Manila, stood lovably the closest personal association. He married in Manila the relict of a Spanish judge, and had reared tenderly, educated well, and launched in life successfully, six step daughters and step sons. All these men and women, now of mature age, were at Prautch’s bedside as he died, weeping without shame, like children not to be con soled; and so was their mother, broken-hearted as they. A sister survives in the United States, at the old family home in Oskosh, Wisconsin. Not long ago this sister paid her brother in Manila a long visit, making up a filial separation of more than forty years. The two were as children together, two grayheads, though by no means tottering, going about Manila hand in hand— finding sermons in stones and good in everything. The sister walked with Jeremiah: it was the spirit of that indomitable prophet that animated her brother’s char acter. Always when you saw Prautch, you thought, why doesn’t the man’s heart break. As you talked with PRESIDENT QUEZON’S TRIBUTE When President. Quezon was told of the tribute to the late A. W. Prautch herewith printed, he said: “You can quote me ad lil>. about Prautch, a braver and better man never lived.” President Quezon himself encounters, in his effort for social justice in the Philip pines, the conditions that Prautch fought almost single-handed during more than thirty years of residence in Manila and work in behalf of the under-privileged throughout the Islands. President Quezon recalls that Prautch was indefatigable in this work, that ran counter to the social order and visited ignominy on Prautch instead of high esteem and just reward. “He was hated all over the Islands,” said President Quezon, “for the good that he did.” him and tapped the wells of courage in his soul, you knew that heart never would break. And it never did; only one Sunday afternoon, pumping away while Prautch, seventy-one years old, fought pneumonia, it just gave out. There is another who survives who will dampen a bit of cambric over this inevitability. She is Katherine Mayo, at Bedford Hills, New York, author of books of such dynamic foreground that many a reader feels no want of background or perspective: Mother India . . . Isles of Fear. It was when Miss Mayo was in the Islands gathering the ma terial for Isles of Fear that Prautch had his happiest in nings. Miss Mayo wanted to know what, in insular sociology, was evil and wrong. Prautch knew these weaknesses inti mately, had then devoted nearly thirty years to their correction or modification; never finding them pervious to attack, but seeking, seeking their vulner ability. Leonard Wood, then the Islands’ governor general, knew the same facts, but lacking time to detail them, referred Miss Mayo to others, notably to Old Prautch. Isles of Fear is true, and dominantly, a narrative by Prautch, who knew the cacique better than the man knows himself, and knew the tao, and articulated eloquently the man’s hopeless plight. It never would do to be bosom-close to Prautch, because he was an impractical man unable to compromise his conscience. He was of German heritage, and educated as a preacher in the Methodist Episcopal Church. Dur ing fifteen years of early manhood before coming to the Philippines, he was a Methodist missionary in' India. Hindustani was one of his languages; this gave him reference to valuable East Indian parallels during the long years he devoted to rural reforms in the Philip pines. He came to Manila in December 1898, before the arrival in Manila of a bishop of his church, and imme diately began a spiritual siege of the established order; for what Prautch disapproved of, he fought—and he invariably fought in the open. Before Methodism debarked a bishop in Manila, there fore, Prautch’s humble chapels active in various parts of Manila were making a mighty, exotic appeal to the poor. Congregations overflowed these little places, cen ters of a militant gospel, but the movement was short lived. William II. Taft found it annoying, when he became the Islands’ civil governor; between the state and the bishop, the tone of Protestanism was soon so subdued that the people no longer heard it exaltingly; there has been no Wagnerian courage in it since; it exhibits a pattern of good work, perhaps; but has never caught the popular imagination comprehensively. (Please turn to page 70) November. 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL President Quezon and the State University Because Manila is seductive, President Quezon talks of removing the state university to the country—where he also assumes more faculty research would be under taken. Because undergraduates tend to be articulate, the presidential warning has gone out that their business is with their books and not with politics. Both these presidential ambitions seem destined to end in little, if anything at all. Both are inevitably subject to material adjustments. Yet both have some meat in them. While the state uni versity should not be moved, a different second ary school ought to be founded in the country. While a normal modern social order will give youth its major attention, there is no short-cut to knowledge and the materials of wisdom— books and midnight oil can not be escaped. If we take up research first, it will be found that Manila is the best of all places in the is lands for a great deal of it. The fact that the state university is in Manila is not a reason for the alleged poverty of research. This poverty is lamentable enough, and has two basic causes. Full professors along with their assistants carry too heavy a teaching load at the university. The burden leaves neither time nor en durance for research. In some cases, too, faculty mem bers are lazy about research. This is not a reason for moving the university, but for using the pruning knife. The faculty member who when asked to research counters with a demand for more compensation is not inspired by his work and invites separation from it. But Manila is by long odds the place for the university so far as it relates to the pro fessions. There is education merely in living in a city, weaklings who succumb are not strong when they come to town. To deplore urban temptations is to admit a native weak ness of character, or at least to assert it, respecting Philippine youth. The admission is gratuitous, the assertion can not be sustained. Men and women who pursue the professions will pursue them most notably in Manila. They deserve the advantage of undergraduate years here, as a period of experience. Their colleagues who hang out shingles in the provinces deserve the same advantage, their towns will all benefit from the impressions the city gives them. This will be more and more in point as Manila grows older and larger and more friendly toward the arts. Meanwhile she is a laboratory for all the professions: law, medicine and surgery, engineering, architecture, and what is offered for painting and music. President Quezon finds the College of Agriculture and the School of Forestry well located at Los Banos at the foot of Mount Makiling and in the midst of the zoological and botanical reservation there. The student there who will be a farmer can experiment with crops at all alti tudes, the one who will be a forester can study forests from the valley to Makiling’s misty summit. Nature provides these laboratories, and Manila provides hers for the urban professions. The School of Fisheries should leave Manila and en sconce itself on some cove off one of the Islands’ better fishing banks. There it should be found with schooners and every equipment essential for the scientific challenging of the sea for its commercial prod ucts. Schools should all be located where the challenge is greatest. Craft schools such as the Philippine School of Arts and Trades, and all the professional colleges are eminently well located in Manila. But another school is needed, its place is in the country. It should be for the hosts of young Philippine men and women who have their cultural education in mind and aim at none of the professions. For those who later decide to pursue professions, it should be coordinated with the state university. This school could be the first of its type in the Islands, and might soon attract the world’s favorable attention. Proposing it, the fundamental that youth will today be served whether elders yield gracefully or not, is kept vividly in mind; and along with it, President Quezon’s conjecture that a great deal of so-called secondary education in the Philip pines is getting nowhere. There is great fault here. President Quezon has put his finger on the sore spot, but the drastic remedy he proposes would be dubious therapy. Briefly, it is not believed that freshmen, boys and girls matriculating at the universities, are ever recognized. They are not seen, only their highschool credentials are seen, and they as automatons holding them out for examination and approval. No one seems to see the Phil ippine youth, a woeful circumstance that is a curse of tutelage if ever there was one. If anyone at a university ever really saw these young folk, every course of study would be scrapped forthwith and secondary education would get down to business. Let us take a look at these young men and women, or say just the men. Who is your Philippine freshman? He is of the Malay race, and wishes to know some thing- of his own culture and something of that of the universe. He owns a perfectly bronzed skin. All his antecedents are those of lusty outdoor men, the dextrous masters of a hundred cunning arts. His forebears con quered limitless seas and the primeval tropical jungle. He inherits the courage of these astonishing achieve ments. He weighs around 120 pounds, is short, but not stocky. He has no fat on his lean flesh. Proud of this, he should be kept proud of it. His slender muscles affixed to light bone structure are graceful and flexible. Again he is secretly proud that this is so. It should (Please turn to page ];>) 8 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 Born King of the Jews Christian holidays in the Philippines persist past Christmas and New Year to Epiphany or the Day of the Three Kings commemorating the hallowed arrival at Jerusalem of the trio of eastern sages guided there by the Star of Bethlehem. They inquired for him who had been bom king of the Jews, they said they had beheld his stai' in the East and had come to worship him. It makes of course, this homage of great know ledge and venerability, one of the most appealing stories in the Bible. Many villages of the Philippines repeat its circumstances every year in homely outdoor dramas. These over, the people terminate their Christmas and resume the year’s routine. Old friends who may have journeyed from distant provinces or from Manila to go visit ing, return to their homes. There may have been weddings and christenings, these visiting friends may have taken on the responsibilities p of godfathers and godmothers and so united in religious bonds several families. Children kneel at the feet of all their elders, recite blessings and kiss extended hands, and get off to school again. It is very oriental, none the less Christian. Primogeniture prevails in it, not law either civil or religious, but Malayan custom. He who has labored for his wife may now have her; probably the harvest is in, probably the young sweethearts will no longer be put off without impatience. Has the young pretender not been faithful and indus trious, working since the very planting of the rice, even helping with the seedbed, and he and the girl both modest and resigned? It is a contract. Word has been pledged. If at this juncture the girl’s parents fail to abide by their word, it will nearly always be the mother’s fault. Elopement may follow, the girl always pretending to the last that she is seized against her will. Her marriage able age makes no difference, she is of the family and still under her elders’ will—her parents’ more partic ularly. If the elopement is interrupted before marriage is legally consummated, the weeping girl may turn upon her suitor, for sake of obedience, and in court turn the adventure into an abduction. Then the law is hard upon the young man, many years of prison are his lot. Let us therefore dwell on the marriages that are not frustrated or postponed, and the elopements that succeed and end in happy forgiveness and reunion all round. In some way, in all classes, the groom bestows a. gift for the bride, among the peasants a gift of labor. And the couple join the bride’s family, the groom’s having only secondary claims. In the Ma layan conquest of the Philippines of which so little is known, how could it have been otherwise. Families, that were clans, strove against one another and united only against a common foe. There had to be a gift, preferably service, in proof of fidelity in the young suitor-warrior. Nor could families let daughters traipse away to strange families and found new households there. The clans could not be weakened, so it was better that cousins marry. Afterward, when Christianity resettled the primitive communities under the bells of the mission churches, every farmstead in hearing of early curfew, the parishes themselves could not be weakened by ro mantic migrations. Thus Filipinos became a most gre garious people and the tenure of land became, as it remains, an acute problem with them while vast areas of the wilderness remain fallow to this day. Only Ilokanos and Cebuanos have become great migrating folk, but it is a sheer crowding out because families holdings have become too small to be longer divided. When the missionaries found animism here, they could not altogether eradicate it. Their own belief did not altogether exclude its mysteries, shrines of particular efficacy for this or that rose everywhere in the Islands. Not old affections, but new ones similar to the old. That would serve, and that was the introduction of Christianity into the Philippines. It was a simple faith. However, it was effective. Sta. Lucia, who protects Manila, in clouds over Manila bay inspired a successful defense of the city and the Islands from an overwhelming attack by the Dutch. I There can be no doubt of it, the books record it; and it turned the tide of battle. Dominicans dominated in the Christianiza tion of the Chinese, confined to pales. San Nicolas and Our Lady of the Rosary, Sta. Ro sario, became patrons of the Chinese; and even at Gua dalupe, the Augustinian shrine and monastery at San •Pedro Macati near Fort Wm. McKinley, Chinese from Manila flocked to celebrate San Nicolas day with three days of feasting and revelry. Some of the pious chro niclers complain of the gambling that prevailed through out the fiesta, but every man is holy according to his light. Christianity is changing in the Philippines, as are all popular institutions. The older faith was largely sus tained by legends, one of which we believe. Do you too? It happened in this legend of our personal credence that a man led a notoriously immoral life, only remem bering each day to touch the image of Our Lady of the Rosary that hung round his neck, better destined foi' the rope, an image his mother had given him. (Note with what simplicity the adoration of the Mother and Child is here suggested to a sinful city). Daily the man, grossly healthy, indulged the cardinal sins without limit; nothing whatever was beyond him, after one Hail Mary on rising of a morning, and his carousels lasted beyond midnight, contemptuous of curfew and the closing of the gates. At last the man was caught in storm at sea, toward the mouth of the bay, but swimming with the strength of a bull he escaped the wreck of his ship and managed to get ashore at Mariveles. But he was more dead than alive; the people who crowded about knew nothing of how to slosh the sea out of him, he soon expired. As he died, his hand was on the image and his prayer on his lips. Like the thief, his prototype indeed, that night he would be with his Lord in paradise. It was soon noticed at the chapel of Our Lady of the Rosary in the Dominican monastery church in Manila that the robes of the image were grimed and soiled ap(I’lease turn to page 68) November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 9 Spirit of One Woman • White Cross School for Children The Salvador Aranetas have ful filled one of the primary obligations of the rich. They have adorned Ma nila with a costly and beautiful homo on the crest of the San Juan hills. In this the Aranetas are of course not alone, but in beginning to talk about them their home and its hos pitality are more than worth men tioning. In homes such as the Araneta, Manila begins to find use for artists, who now despair in the Philippines for want of patrons. If artists could but be patronized, music herself would trip along more gayly and prosperously. In time the stage too might do a season, however short. All things esthetic are intimately related. Now— Great Fletcher never treads in btiskins here, Nor (/renter Johnson dares in socks appear. Alas, since the advent of the movies and the remarkable progress of these popular shadow shows in sound and even faithful color, not even a Daniel Frawley comes to town to play stock during a few weeks and give us reminiscences of recent favorite plays in London and New York. When Frawley did barnstorm Manila reg ularly, up to twenty years ago. Manila really had a stage, however humble and infrequently occupied. When Manila has a stage again, it will be the people’s and its melodrama racy with their vernacular. But the subject in hand is the Sal vador Aranetas. Salvador is a part ner with one of his brothers (there seem to be seven brothers and four sisters living) and Salvador Zaragoza in the law business of the Aranetas’ father, the late Gregorio Araneta. How many other business connec tions Salvador Araneta has is beyond us, many at least. But Victoria Lopez de Araneta, the other side of the family, is stepping out for her self. Thirty years ago Salvador Araneta’s type, the capable cosmo politan, was not rare in the Philip pines—his father’s generation pro duced it, with the courage to take to the trenches for its rights. But Mrs. Araneta’s type could not then be found. It did not exist. Whatever else the Philippine schools for women taught thirty years ago, having a personality and burnishing its brilliance was not in cluded. All Philippine women were shrinking violets; worse, the matrons practiced a sort of living suttee; they did not quite immolate themselves on the funeral pyres of their spouses, but while these spouses lived as the lords of creation, these matrons put up their hair for the last time for their weddings, and thereafter sought their kitchens .and complete social obscurity. The Philippines as a con sequence were, aside from the wo men’s forte as chatelaines, females sporting the household keys, a man’s world entire. Mrs. Salvador Araneta Nowadays the schools in the Is lands for girls have changed. Out of them, in the instance of herself, out of Assumption College, come, in the piquant bravura of our times, daughters of Maria Clara with per sonalities neither suppressed nor readily suppressible. Manila’s modern matrons are not stodgy chatelaines, nav. not even wall flowers. They are vivacity itself, and their young husbands are rightlv proud of them. (Instance Miss Del gado, hardly more than a child her self, she has recently returned to town from taking the younger Delgado children round the world). Yet it must always be kept in mind, as to Mrs. Araneta, that she is a Lopez of the Bisayas. Probably no effort of will could get around that dynamic heritage. Born of that family, boys and girls are born to individual achievement. The Lopez energy is as tideful as the sea, rests but to surge again. It was hardly startling, therefore, for Mrs. Araneta to take her beautiful new home and begin doing good with it. She began by keeping school for children of the neighborhood not otherwise provided with schooling. At once it was a first rate primary school. Parents are no end grateful, and so the school must go on—as it does, reg ularly and delightfully even for the teacher. Naturally, this school is free. Classes can be supplemented with chapel exercises, because there in the home itself is a private chapel classic in detail. But Mrs. Araneta wants to go farther in helping children whose parents can not do for them properly. She has begun by getting Mrs. Carl Hess, Jr., Mrs. Jose McMicking, Jr., and others to assist in the organiza tion of the White Cross. These women furrow their brows ovex’ plans to make the White Cross a permanent fixture in Manila’s benevolences. If they can do half what they seem determined to do, should they request a portion of the Sweepstakes they should have it. The plan is to provide on an ample site in Mandaluyong fox* possibly three hundred small children who ought to live apart from their parents because these parents have tuber culosis. Crowned with success, hope is that this White Cross Home at Manila’s doorway will be duplicated at many other places in the Islands. The first purpose will be the chil dren’s health, the second their up bringing as useful and resourceful young men and women. Dead End is the fate to be got around. There are Dead Ends in Manila, then why not effort at their obliteration? The White Cross with Mrs. Araneta’s driving force behind it is determined to try, which greatly lightens all mis givings that the plan will mate rialize. 10 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 The American Chamber of Commerce OF THE Philippine Islands (Member Chamber of Commerce of the United States) DIRECTORS: P. A. Meyer. President C. S. Salmon. Viee-Pres’dent John I.. I leadington. Tnasurr r .J. C. Rockwell E. M. Grimm Verne E. Miller S. F. Caches E. Schradieck II. M. Cavender AI.T ERN ATE DIR ECTORS : E. M. Bachrach (deceased) I. . I). Lockwood II. Dean Hollis SECRETARY: EXECUTIVE COMMI TTEE : P. A. Meyer. Chairman C. S. Salmon RELIEF COMMITTEE: C. G. Clifford. Chairman COMMITTEES PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE: I’. A. Meyer. Chairman C. S. Salmon Rov C. Bennett MANUFACTURING COMMITTEE: K. Ii. Day. Chairman F. H. Hale D. P. O’Brien H. P. Strickler BANKING COMMITTEE: E. J. LeJeiine. Chairman E. E. Wing J. R. Lloyd LEGISLATIVE COMMITTEE: L. D. Lockwoc C. G. Clifford RECEPTION & ENTERTAINMENT COMMITTEE: E. Schradieck. Chairman II. J. Belden INVESTMENT COMMITTEE: P. A. Meyer. Chapman F. FOREIGN TRADE COMMITTEE: H. II. Pond. N. H. SHIPPING COMMITTEE: IL M. Cavender. Chairman K M. Grin GOOD WEATHER AND GOOD TIMES A summarization of the, neie Quezon October was delightful Indian summer. It invited reverie. It welcomed rumination. There was physical satisfaction, even, a sheer sense of well-being, in the abundant sunlight, sometimes glowing through the rain. Well sheltered in Manila, you felt how well the crops must be coming on in the provinces. If the rain should be enough, not too much, the golden sunny days and cool nights would be just the stimulant young rice and sugar cane respond to best. Business too had been good all year, and tax collections correspondingly high. The public coffers were running over with revenue far above budget estimates. Before October closed, President Quezon was to learn from Budget Commissioner Serafin Marabut that 1937 collections might exceed the budget forecasts by P30,000,000. At least there would bo a reassuring treasury surplus. What less, in such fine weather? Commissioner Marabut himself was to learn that he was recommended to the legislature for full cabinet rank. Though the 1938 budget was up Pl 0,000,000 over 1937’s, Marabut estimated that collections within the Islands would more than set off the difference. Buying, buying, buying, and training 10.000 men instead of 20,000, the Philippine army had a whopping deficit. This and more, however, could be covered into the 1938 budget on the basis of Marabut’s expectations. The windfall taxes from the United States, Pl 10,000,000 at least by October’s end, could be heavily drawn upon for the dearest objectives of the presidential heart. High among these objectives ranked bold adventures in public works, such large and numerous projects as no previous Philippine executive ever conceived. And here was their creator, with money in hand to carry them out. Right at home, too, Malacanan was acquiring its riverside gardens. October’s harvest moon was beautiful as it shimmered over the bordering trellisses. Now the Philippines were getting somewhere. Money is power. The power of the abundant public money preened the presidential soul. Independence might in deed be got from the United States on December 30, 1938, to honor Rizal, or of the Independence of the United States in 1939, to honor democracy. It had been asked, _______________ _ the MacMurray committee was drafting a report, the boon might come despite all opposing circum stances. In such an effulgent sea son, even this challenge could be accepted; yes, and even sought. Too long the presidential shoulders had borne the burden of delay, the censure of envy, the whispered insinuations and overt assertions of rivals for the people’s homage. This burden would now be doffed. It was now but a matter of reporting to the legislature the request of last March at Washington: this was what was asked, because it was believed it should be had, and gentlemen, take it or leave it. What a feat this! Oh, in bonny October the presidential genius could gambol in the field of politics as lambs in clover. What could the Popular Front charge now, or any man or party of men? The president stood ready, he had not budged an inch from the ground he had taken at Washington. A mandate, a mandate! Let the legislature voice a mandate! Either a resolution for 1946, or acquiescence in 1938 or 1939 by default. Silence would be consent, action would leave the exec utive without further responsibility. Who now would be stumbling blocks? Already the town and provincial elections had been called, for December 14, and already the president had divested himself of party headship. Under the resurgent banner of Social Justice he had become the chief exec utive of all the people, independent of parties, and the custodian of their common woes. He could crack the whip over every candidate, either they would fall in line with social justice or there would be a brand new party and its name would be Social Justice. He had powers, great mandatory constitu tional powers. His treasury was overflowing. The weather was holding good. In the United States he was getting a great press. Though endowed with chance, how benevolent was fate after all. There are tides in the affairs of men that sagacity takes at the flood. During all October President Quezon’s mood was one of exuberance. Thinking aloud in his weekly press conferences, he speculated on a thousand possibilities. He would take the conversation off the record and go on for hours; and in general he talked to the point, a November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 1 fact that emphasizes his press conferences as far and away superior, from the news viewpoint and that of ingratiating hospitality, to any that Malacanan formerly knew. The conferences are crowded, no one even from the morning papers misses these scintillating hours. The presidential monologues, often opened by the lightest inquiry, are the acme of drama. They titillate all the foreign-news correspondents, as well as the reporters, because their confidences are momentarily broken with blunt releases. “Here! You can use this, by G—! I don’t care who knows it! I want the whole world to know it! Because I mean it!” That is a typical Quezon release, starting every pencil in the room to scratching furiously, and all the corre spondents to their message blanks. But what has gone before and what will immediately follow may not be used and serves only as reliable background. As October’s harvest moon waned, and drought af fected northern Nueva Ecija where the marginal lands may be short of a good rice crop, the lighter presidential reflections and all but casual ruminations turned more philosophical. A season was passing, a mood was ma turing even as the ears of rice and the sap of tall cane. The president was least happy in his discussions of higher education, to which a paper is given in this issue of the Journal. Someone said afterward he thought President Quezon would have done better if his vocabulary had been adequate to what he wished to say. This corre spondent denies that President Quezon lacks words in English for any use whatever; the man’s phrase-coining is remarkable, whenever he is certain of his ground; no man can proffer him words more pat than his own; he fumbled higher education simply because every man must fumble that subject, that admits least of all of dogmatization. The question is moot, can be nothing less. That is why, and not for want of words to hand, President Quezon groped about with it. Because President Quezon in putting discussion on the record puts it on squarely and gives reporters all but carte blanche to quote him directly, news sometimes gives as ripe convictions what are hardly more than reflections. The president is taken as having arrived at decisions while yet on his way through preliminary paths approaching these decisions. His feeling is often reported as conviction. The result is a semblance of more ambition in his program than is really there. What he sometimes idealizes as desirable is put down as im minent in his policy, when in fact it is to be effected later and is a detail in a broader scope of executive policy. A consequence is an adumbration of policy, news runs considerably ahead of the day’s actual work. But discount as you will, he is altogether a new Pres ident Quezon who so recently returned to the Islands and found such inspiration in October’s gracious weather. His long trip abroad during six months seems to have been the most arresting he ever made. The man, in our opinion, ripened by a close and analytical scrutiny dur ing twenty years, has somehow been reborn. We have checked carefully with other observers, hard-boiled skeptics too, and they confirm us. Social justice is no pose, the man means it all, to the innermost fiber of his being. He is not peripatetic, but poised. And he is practical, even to the point of breaking with his class -he has but to point to them to bring them down in defeat. Never to be forgotten is the intangible power of the man’s magnetism, and his very tangible constitutional powers. It will therefore come to pass that he reign in the Philippines as long as he lives, and that the Is lands’ destiny is shaped by his pragmatic hand. So it is hardly necessary to cite his stand on sumptuary laws and the judges, or on national defense, or on wider net works of highways, or on abolition of the cedula tax which is a poll tax, or on Mindanao and the Moham medans vs. Christians, or on the justices of the peace and their civic responsibility. President Quezon has summed it all up himself, in half a dozen words. “Before I leave Malacanan, there will be no tao and no sacup in the Philippines. I am going to liberate these fellows.” And he concludes, “T can do it, I know how to do it.” That’s Vitamin D in capitals, that’s Philippine sunlight at high noon. —W. R. Just Little Things (Continued from page 5) In the Philippines, when Luzon supports forty million inhabitants, the soil is so fertile and responsive that getting the means of living will be easier for those forty million than it now is for fewer than seven million; but it will be more challenging. • President Quezon of the Philippines Commonwealth is one of the most experienced of statesmen, time shows. Powerful since 1907, since 1916 his word in public af fairs has been final. That is twenty-one years. Wilson, Harding, Coolidge, Hoover and Roosevelt in the White House parallel the period, and at No. 10 Downing Street, Lloyd George, Bonar Law, Baldwin (three times), Mac Donald, and Neville Chamberlain. Often the most ob vious facts in the Philippines are not appreciated, it would lend dignity to everyone’s position here if they were. Rainier Club You’ll like this deli cious beer the first time you taste it— and better and better as time goes on. TRY RAINIER CLUB TODAY ISUAN, INC. Tel: 5-73-06—We Deliver IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OE COMMERCE JOURNAL 12 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 Three Musketeers with Springfields • H. L. Heath, Percy Hill. Thomas Leonard When space is occasionally given in the Journal to biographical notes on oldtime Americans of the Philippine community who in nearly every case were veterans of the campaigns to found American sove reignty here, the impression is not justi fiable that the community is playing out. It is only that as these men respond 'o the bugle blown at the order of the High Commander of the Universe, we like to give honor where honor is due and pay a word of affection and respect to the mem ory of their Philippine careers. As for the community, it goes on into younger generations and more than renews itself, but will not be inclined to pass by too lightly, tributes now and then to some of its founders. There are in mind Captain Herbert Lee Heath, Captain Thomas Leon ard, and Lieutenant Percy A. Hill, P. C., whose deaths are recent. To two of them, Captain Heath and Percy Hill, the Journal stands much indebted. They are styled musketeers with Spring fields. It ought to be brought out, per haps, that modern arms were not to he had for the army America raised for the work of 1898. A favored special regiment such as Roosevelt’s Rough Riders got some, but Springfields and Krag-Jorgensens served for the rest—who in battle and on the skirmish line confronted Mausers and smokeless powder. War was more hap hazard then than now. Captain Herbert Lee Heath began his Philippine career with his regiment, the 2nd Oregon U. S. Volunteer Infantry, in 1898. After muster-out at the Presidio at San Francisco, he came back to the Islands to engage in business and ranching. In 1933, when we published an extended note on his character and his place, always of the highest, in this community, he gave up his Manila business connections, kept his ranch in Masbate, now a part oX^fns heirs’ estate, and established his permanent residence in Palo Alto. More recently he bought a beautiful country place at McCapt. H. L. Heath Minnville, Oregon, and built a house on it according to his own tastes in plans he drew himself. He died at McMinnville June 27, almost seventy-two years old but hail of health until six weeks before the end, when an indisposition culminated in an ulcerated tooth whose removal was followed by a fatal septicemia. Death occurred in hos pital. His son, Herbert, had reached Mc Minnville and was with him, as was Mrs. Frances Heath, his second wife whose friends in Manila are so many. Captain Heath’s daughter is Mrs. Hazel Marden, whose home is in Denver. A grand daughter with great grand-children lives in Manila, the husband an official of the In ternational Harvester Company here. Captain Heath led in the founding of the Chamber of Commerce and was ils earliest president. For himself he sub scribed one active membership, for his business Interests two. The urge behind the movement was the possibility of getting President Harding to extend the coastwise laws of the United States to the Islands, an action Congress had just authorized the President to undertake at his discretion. But when organization had been effected, and Heath saw realized a wish of his for the unity of the community, opinion on the point divided; and much as he was devoted to the hope of a merchant marine fully restored on the Pacific against the day when he believed war would send the navy to severe duty out this way, he abandoned that hope for the sake of membership harmony. Captain Heath was the embodiment of the American spirit of 1898, when the doors of trade in China were being re opened—a process of state greatly inten sified and brought to fruition after John Hay became President Roosevelt’s secretary of state. Heath was a pioneer, with a rugged and ineluctable pioneer’s view of visible facts. In his philosophy, a people’s INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES • International Electric Bookkeeping and Accounting Machines • International Time Recorders • International Electric Time Systems • International Time Signaling Systems • International Sound Distributing Systems • International Fire Alarm Systems • International Watchman’s Systems • International Recordolocks • International Proof Machine for Banks • International Ticketographs • International Certometers • International Electric Writing Machines • International Cosmographs UJATSON BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION MANILA OFFICE: Telephone 2-42-16 SIO Philippine National Bank Bldg. P. O. Box 135 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OP COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 13 mere occupancy of territory gave them no imprescriptible title to that territory: this depended on their active employment of its resources, their march in step with the world as it went along, and the manner of their life as well as their skill and ability in public government. So feeling, he was an intransigent Philippine retentionist. He felt that in modern times the Philippine people could not of themselves hold the Philippines, and that in 1898-1899 they had in fact lost them to the United States; and he had no apologies to make for America in her role as an instrument of fate, nor for his belief that what America procured by conquest she should hold. Born of pioneer parents at Mount Cle mens, Michigan, in 1865, he had seen that indian country become Anglo-Saxon coun try; and an early immigrant from Michigan to Oregon, and settler at McMinnville where he founded and edited the local newspaper and busied himself in odd hours with the National Guard that became the famous 2nd Oregon, and with lodge matters. He had seen the Anglosaxon acquire that oldtime Indian country—he had helped notably in the acquisition, and in the Philippines had repeated the experience against anothei people and in another clime even more resourceful. This uncompromising character in the man made him individual, outstanding, while his acumen, energy, and thrifty busi ness ability employed in the buying and exporting of Manila hemp (most of his time in the Islands was with the Tubbs Cordage Company as their manager) assured him personal success. Because he was frank, and above all things fair, his determined view that America should both keep and govern the Philippines was never offensive to Filipinos. They knew where he stood, exactly what reactions from him to expecc; and often, in their heart of hearts, they were on his side. He paid the past no at tention, but kept a youthful viewpoint by believing in today, looking forward to to morrow. He raised the flag at Guam, but never revisited the place; anu in ivianua he raised the flag over Fort Santiago, lo wering the Red and Gold under sharp pro test from a red-haired daughter of a Spanish colonel, but he never revisited Foi v Santiago, though at the Army & Navy Club where he prized his membership he enjoyed the friendship of all the command ing officers from the beginning. Nor did he associate himself with veterans' organ izations: the day at hand and the days ahead were his concern. His Anglo Saxonism would have made him brother to the secretaries at Downing Street. It was utterly uncompromising. Opening his Masbate ranch, a former com rade was associated with him, employed by him. One Sunday after breakfast Captain Heath and this man started out for the warehouse where machinery was being placed. Captain Heath went to work, his friend took the path over the hill to where the village folk lived. Heath demanded to know where he was going. Oh, just over the hill, thought he’d loaf awhile .. . Sunday and everything. Heath told him, by the Deity, if he went over that hill he could just keep on going—he never needed to come back, and by the Deity again, he couldn’t come back! That day, Heath tinkered the machinery alone; later, he secured other help. He used to boost Masbate, would say it alone excelled some of the small yet rich coun tries of Europe, needing only population and development. Once when he needed en gine bearings, he grubbed the copper out of his own mountains, smelted it and made the castings in molds of his own devising; and when he clamped the bearings into place, they fitted- perfectly. This he did less in vindication of the rough ability of the pioneer, and his own prowess with cru cibles and calipers, than to demonstrate the commercial worth of Masbate copper. However, he mined very little. Though ores were a hobby of his, ranching and business were sufficient to keep him inter ested and occupied, sun up to sun down. Boating he liked, and during his thirtyfive years in the Islands he built a number of boats and bought one or two besides. When he built, it was to his own plans. His early newspaper work remained a pride of his always. The puissance of the paper he founded at McMinnville must have been one of the lures that made him go back there to live. He founded this mag azine, too, planning the format, etc., and contributed to its first number The Amer ican Community, embracing the entire period beginning with the founding at Ma nila of the branches of the great New England houses that ran the China clippers Nederlandsch Indische Handelsbank, N. V. Established 1863 at Amsterdam Paid-Up Capital - - - Guilders 33,000,000 [P37,000,000] Reserve Fund - - - - Guilders 13,200,000 [Pl4,800,000] General Head Office at Amsterdam with sub-offices at Rotterdam and the Hague. Head Office for the Netherlands Indies at Batavia. Branches in the Netherlands Indies, British India, Straits Settlements, China, Japan and the Philippines. Branch at Manila: 21 Plaza Moraga Every Description of Banking Business Transacted Current accounts opened and fixed deposits received at rates which will be quoted on application.’ in the tea trade, Manila providing fiber, copra, sugar, and cigars. It was a mark of individualism in Cap tain Heath that he chewed cigars rather than smoked them; he also concentrated, and had intensive ability at it, on a chew of plug—a habit reminiscent of the type fonts at McMinnville that had helped him master English in its more abstruse branches, etymology and perfect spelling. Nothing in his daily newspaper escaped his attention, not even the weather report. This calls to mind that he never took em ployment with the civil government of the Islands, a fact exceptional indeed among oldtimers; but friends always reminded him, if he spoke of this, that he had been rain gauge keeper at Masbate, and so he had been. Whatever the American effort in the Islands needed done, by him, he was willing to do. But he did it without pay, because of some intransigent principle to which he held himself. The principal gain was his own self-satisfaction. At one time, paying the regular rates for room and board all the while, he managed the Manila Hotel. It was before the jazz era set in, and eve ning patronage was nil, but his manage ment of the hotel was successful. Such a man, tall, broad, weighing well over two hundred pounds, blond, virile, incisive of thought and judgment, and alert and quick of movement, was your oldtime friend and neighbor, Captain Heath of whom it is better to say no more, since a book itself would not tell half enough about a man of such arresting character and ability. It is not true that the Phil ippines gave these men anything, the debt stands the other way about. They would have been the cream of any community they (Please turn to page 67) IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 14 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OE COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 Manila’s High-grade Rattan Furniture • Evokes Employment in United States Though the Philippines produce the rattan, manufac ture of rattan furniture began tardily in Manila because a commerce in it was early established on the China coast and for a long time the public tolerated the fur niture it could pick up there, a product greatly inferior in every way to the standard rattan furniture now made in the Philippines. With the advent of this durable rat tan furniture, it has been found that a world-wide de mand for it exists among buyers for whom mere price is not a primary consideration. Quality of design, ma terial, and workmanship is what is wanted. The result, during a very short period of effort, demonstrates that Manila is the logical center for such an industry. From rattans of every type that seek a market in Manila, the manufacturer can select the choicest for his stock of material. The Filipino, too, as a skilled craftsman with rattan, can not be surpassed. The result, in the factory with the necessary facilities, is a type of rattan furniture altogether new; its very appearance is assurance of its durability. There is no doubt that changing vogues can readily be followed in Manila factories, and that the lead already obtained can be kept indefi nitely unless artificial barriers destroy it. Philippine exports of rattan furniture may run to the value of P200,000 this year. Next year they should reach P500,000 or more. The basic drawback to volume of sales is the want of volume production; while a factory must or course maintain sales outlets in such a market as that in the United States, there has been, up to now, no keep ing up with, the orders pouring in from these agencies. A large San Francisco emporium handling Manila rattan furniture finds it impossible to keep samples on the floor: shipments are sold ahead of their arrival, and deli very to purchasers is immediate. One well known mail-order house issuing fourteen million catalogues, features rattan furniture in its cur rent catalogue. Whether it can fill the orders this an nouncement will evoke, the mere publication of the announcement will greatly augment demand through out the United States. One result is a visit to Manila of a representative of a rival mail-order house, hoping to effect manufacturing arrangements that will meet requirements of their customers for this furniture. At the Chicago Furniture Mart last September, one manufacturer exhibited, from Singapore. It is said that in a single day he booked orders to keep him running throughout this year. It was also expertly reported from the Mart that the American demand for rattan furniture is not below $25,000,000 a year. It should be noted that this is potential demand, and that the problem is to get the furniture made in quantities large enough to meet jobbers’ and merchants’ daily require ments. The problem of placing factories on the quantity production basis that public de mand requires is yet to be solved, although production steadily increases; and when it finally is solved, since labor is more than 50% of the manufacturing cost, this new industry will be a very vital factor in the Manila labor market. Also, it will give rise to more constant employment in the provinces yielding the rattan, and will add no little to the regular demand for selected Philippine hardwood lumber. It may here be stated that 80'/ of shipments are to the United States; orders from other points, well dis tributed throughout the world, sum but 20% of the total. As the industry is just well started, nothing is more important than to maintain a satisfactory basis for it in the permanent commercial arrangements between the Philippines and the United States. It is here, in Manila, that volume of production is practical of achievement— a factor that it is not believed extends to the United States, where higher wages and shorter supplies of (Please turn to page 69) November, 19 37 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 15 President Quezon ... (Continued from page 7) always remain so, the man who fattens a Malay does a great race an ill turn. This young Filipino’s diet is startlingly lean, probably during infancy and early childhood it was not by any means what he should have had at all. But on this diet, defective as it may be, a diet that might be emended but should never be forsaken, he has made himself, for his weight and size, as strong a man as lives. The girl who comes up to college with this young man is much like him, abstemious and ambitious. Both dissemble their powers, a prompting of Malayan pride as well as Malayan manners. Both can therefore be bulldozed, up to a point, but neither should be. Both are virile. Large families, when they marry, hold no terrors for them. They face life classically. So it should be faced. There are many attributes of culture that the uni versity professor can not teach these young folk. His proper forte is not to destroy or disperse the native virtues they bring with them from their homes, whether these homes be the abode of wealth or poverty. The young man can shoulder a picul of copra weighing a third more than he, and stow it forty feet up in a warehouse or carry it to the hold of a ship over a sway ing bamboo trestle. He and a companion can do the same with a bale of Manila hemp weighing 240 pounds,more than their weights combined. They can do such work every day, dawn to sunset, on a diet of boiled rice, fish and salt, with a banana or two, or perhaps with some boiled greens in lieu of fish. This is the young candidate who presents himself at the state university for the arts and sciences. See him! Look him and the girl with him over, not stopping at their classroom credentials. They, the boy and girl themselves, are your particular problem. Their credentials are identical with millions of such papers throughout the world, but their own like you will find nowhere else but here. They are both of the Malay race, yet both have an admixture of Chinese blood and some other exotic blood too. Pent within them is a daring as yet never fully tried, and up to the present given small chance. They are your Philippine freshmen anxious to enroll in college. Found their Alma Mater in the Liberal Arts in some mountains nearby Manila, within a canter of three or four miles from the sea. Make the campus huge, there is free public domain for it, bordered with their separate dormitories yet providing a great many activities, in cluding classroom work, in common. Give them outdoor freedom, under supervision, indoor discipline of their own devising. Make the gymnasium huge, for all sorts of purposes including dancing and roller-skating: you have arms and legs to tutor, as well as minds. This school would offer everything not excluded by a warm climate all year round. Stars in its sports would make up World Olympic teams. Complexes and inhibitions would slough from its undergraduates altogether, since in other lands they would not encounter their superiors. Riddance of these deficiency emotions that provoke in dividual and national irascibility is a smart responsibility of secondary education. These students would hike, ride, and, besides pursuing all manner of gymnasium and campus sports, patronize the sea the year round. As much military training could be introduced as authority required, for here would be a place for it. The school could not be very old before its teams scored honorably in the Olympics. Its yeararound advantages could not but tell decisively. The When— u you buy matches ask for ’WIIIILIIIPIPIIMt IMIATCIH IPS’”1 any matches bearing 1 HI 11 ||l| the name Philippine Match Co., Ltd. will give you KUENZLE & STREIFF, INC. service and protection Main Office: MANILA Hranch Office; 343 T. Pinpin CEBU ILOILO 44-48 Isaac Peral Tel. No. 2-39-36 ZAMBOANGA Tel. No. 2-17-62 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 16 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 SMITH, BELL V CO.. LTD. 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For this the land should not be sold, and all building should be to the school’s architectural and structural requirements. Bear in mind that highlands are a natural habitat of Filipinos. Antiquities of their ancient communities are found there, and it must have been brook mosquitoes transmitting malaria that drove them to the lowlands where the Spanish missionaries encountered them. That they still find the highlands home is attested by their capture of Baguio, a city their patronage and home buying instinct have largely made. The true environ ment of a great Philippine college devoted to the Liberal Arts is some dulcet czd-de-sac in the mountains, near the sea. The professional schools are properly in Ma nila, as already argued. The earliest Philippine schools could not advantage themselves of a rustic environment inviting communion with nature and absorption in her mysteries. They sought the protection of the walled city. They were agencies of pacification, and in earliest times the boys in their dormitories were hostages more than they were students. Of such traditions come the schools in town that ought to be in the country. This situation gives a special opportunity for the state, for the school here roughly outlined. The school should be within an hour or two ■from town by carry-all. It would take from town all students at the state university not lining up for the professions, and make its groves distinguished for the classics. President Quezon’s desire to do things his own way is very much approved. Such pioneering confidence is encouraging. The school here suggested could be a part of it, the practical answer to the presidential de mands—which in sum go beyond the point of complete realization. • Cultural ends can not be reached in town, that in the country are attainable. This speaks of course entirely by the book. Sociology is in town and only smatteringly in the country, but sociology is a pillar in the profes sions and superfluous to the gamut of the arts. Effort to grasp the cultural fundamentals goes largely to waste in Manila because the ambient is effusively tinctured with the exotic. But in the country, how different things could be: a Filipino student under a Philippine tree with his Horace, and anon with his easel and brushes, sketch ing a Philippine landscape—all about him all the time, nothing but his own country, his own people. , Young men and women who pursue the pure arts should bask in these natural advantages, it is almost a birthright. But they should not do so to escape evil, since they are not ascetics and would merit no education by the state if they were, but solely for the material benefit of an eductive environment. SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVES OF IMPERIAL AIRWAYS, LTD. MACHINERY DEPARTMENT Sugar Machinery, Diesel Engines, Condensing Plants, Mining Machinery and Steels, Shipbuilders and Engineers. AGRICULTURAL DEPT. IMPORT DEPT. KLEIN CHICAGO PLIERS BEST IN THE LONG RUN AU Classes of Fertilizer Sperry Flour Sugar Dags Cable Address: “Warner” Standard Codes Manila Office: Soriano Building, Plaza Cervantes E. VIEGELMANN 460 Dasmarinas Manila, P. I. Tel.: 2-26-64 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL DEVELOPMENTS, INC. MINE OPERATIONS, INC. SYNDICATE INVESTMENTS, INC. SOUTHWESTERN ENGINEERING CO. OF P. I., INC. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 17 RTH LOOKING INTO! GLASS HOUSED LIGHTNING ARRESTER CAN TELL AT A GLANCE THAT— gaps are undamaged; valve material is in perfect condition; The seals are moisture-proof. Sole Agents PHILIPPINE ENGINEERING CORPORATION CEBU —BACOLOD —MANILA—ILOILO—COT AB ATO To All Mining Companies in the Philippines Tabacalera CIGARS and CIGARETTES On sale in Manila and Throughout the Provinces We have cigars and cigarettes of all grades and prices, and send price lists promptly to all mining companies on request. Telephone 2-42-40 Or Write to the Sales Department, Cigars and Cigarettes TABACALERA P. O. Box 143 Manila, P. I /X RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 18 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 SEND FOR FORM 2245 NEW PRINCIPLE OF ROTATION A new principle of rota tion eliminates all plung ers, pawls and springs, resulting in fewer parts. PNEUMATIC ON-OFF ROTATION CONTROL The throttle in one posi tion gives rotation and full hammer action for drilling; when turned to the other position it al lows reduced hammer action without rotation for collaring holes. IMPROVED FRONTHEAD The fronthead has a long fit with the cylinder to maintain alignment and reduce wear. The chuck is fitted with a rubber bushing to keep out dirt and reduce wear. This SAR-120 is more j than proving its superi' ority in this gold mine. It I is Ingersoll-Rand’s fastest and most powerful Stope- i hamer and represents another great advance in | its field. ‘f Lighter, but similar in design is the SAR-85, the i j first real, light-weight, J self-rotated Stopehamer ; on the market and the j . fastest in its class. 60-118 SECOND STREET, (P. O. BOX 282) MANILA, PHILIPPINE ISLANDS BROADWAY, NEW YORK, N. Y. SAN FRANCISCO Ingersoll-Rand 350 BRANNAN ST., IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OE COMMERCE' JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 19 Building Entrance, on Aviles A Modern Complete Metallurgical Engineering Service to the Philippine Mining Industry A newcomer in the field of mining activ ities in the Philippines is the Southwestern Engineering Company of P. I., Inc., but the mother Company of this local organization, the Southwestern Engineering Company at Los Angeles, California, is by no means new to the mining industry throughout the world. The Southwestern of Los Angeles has been active in serving mining enter prises the world over for the past twenty,one years, and has rendered valuable service to some of the largest of mining organiza tions. Southwestern’s metallurgical and manufacturing departments at Los Angelos have contributed their services to such Companies as Beattie Gold Mines, Ltd., Quebec, Canada; Phelps Dodge Corporation, Arizona; American Smelting and Refining Company, U. S. A. and Mexico; Bethlem Steel Corporation (Copper, Pyrite), Penn sylvania; The Karabash Combinate (Cop per, Zinc, Pyrite), U. S. S. R.; Nevada Con solidated; Roan Antelope, N. Rhodesia; St. .Tosenh Lead Company; and other prom inent mining concerns. Among the scores of ore milling plants engineered and constructed by Southwestern Engineering Company are such mills as that at the Black Hawk Consolidated Min ing Company, New Mexico, a selective flota tion plant job; Cia. Minera Agua Fria, Honduras, a combination cyanide-flotation plant; Santa Catalina Island Company’s selective flotation plant. California; the flotation-cyanide plant, at Weepah Nevada Mining Company, Nevada; Christmas Cop per Company’s 400-ton flotation mill, Ari zona; a 500-ton graphite ore mill at Burnet, Texas; and many other mills treating pre cious and base metal ores, and non-metallic minerals. Since the year, 1916 the mother Com pany of the local Southwestern Engineer ing Company has, in its ore testing laboratory, tested ore samples from more than 2600 mines and mining properties for the purpose of determining the best suited treatment process to recommend to its clients. It has also contributed materially to the development of the Flotation Ma chine. During the past twenty-one years the Company, and individual members of its engineering staff, have assisted in pioneering work and made substantial con tributions to the art of milling ores. The Southwestern Engineering Company of P. I., Inc., was incorporated under the laws of the Philippines in the early part of this year (1937) and has been active in local mining circles since that time. They are at present constructing a 150-ton Lead-Zinc-Gold flotation plant for Mineral Resources, Inc., on Marinduque Island. Their services to the Philippine mining in dustry includes laboratory ore testing; con sulting metallurgical work at operating mills requiring same; ore milling plant design, either preliminary layouts or com pletely detailed drawings and specifications, as required; the supply of standard ore milling equipment; and the furnishing of completely erected ore milling plants on either fee basis, -cost-plus basis, or at a turnkey contract price. S. E. Stein, President and Gen. Mgr. The Southwestern Engineering Company of P. I., Inc., have established their Head Office, Ore Testing Laboratory, Assay Of fice and Plant-Design Department in Manila at 506 Calle Aviles, San Miguel. Their staff consists of Metallurgical and Me chanical Engineers, Laboratory Technicians and Plant Construction Superintendents and Foremen, each member being thor oughly experienced for the performance of his duties. Southwestern will in no way participate in the ownership of mining enterprises, nor will they undertake mine management or directing. Their purpose is to be of sei-vice, in the activities mentioned above, to inde pendent mine owners and operators and to those Companies organized for the purpose of managing and directing mining enter prises. The Southwestern Engineering Company’s local staff boasts of many oldtimers in the mining field, whose long experience in their chosen work qualifies them to render the most efficient service to the Company they represent and to the Company’s clients in the Philippines. Mr. S. E. Stein, President and General Manager of this organization is a mining and metallurgical engineer. A graduate of the Alabama Polytechnic Institute (Au burn), class of 1913, he has devoted the past 24 years to the mining industry in the fields of mining, ore-milling, ore-testing and laboratory research, and has been variously identified with such Companies as Nevada Consolidated, Ray Consolidated, Utah Copper, Phelps Dodge, Allenby B. C., and has had headquarters under South western Engineering Company at Los Angeles, New York City, Montreal and Toronto. In the latter Company (South western) he started as Metallurgical En gineer and later became Manager of their mining department. He arrived in the Philippines during the latter part of 1936 to organize and establish the Southwestern Engineering Company of P. I., Inc. He holds a license as Mining Engineer in the Philippines. Luther Kirtley, Metallurgical Engineer and Chief in charge of laboratories, is a graduate of the University of Chicago and the Columbia School of Mines. During more than 25 years in the business he has served in the employ of such Companies as the U. S. Smelting and Refining Com pany, Nevada Consolidated, Utah-Apex, Dorr Company, Replogle Steel and San Francisco Del Oro. John Bendel, Chief Designer and Me chanical Engineer, has been designing mills and smelters for the past 25 years for min ing Companies in both North and South America. Mr. Bendel is one of the widest known engineers in his especial field. He was one of the well known group (Bendel, Maag, Collins and Ruth) who staffed the designing departments of the firm Bradley, Bruff and Le Barthe in the early 1900’s. For several years Mr. Bendel was in full charge of designing (including several com plete large plants) for Cerro de Pasco both ir. Peru and New York City. William J. Towne, Office Manager, ar rived in Manila early this year (1937) and is experienced in general business purchas ing, merchandising, and traffic management. He has also had considerable experience in trans-Pacific import find export trade and management. (Please turn to page 28) 20 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 The Stock Market (Oct. 23rd to Nov. 13th, 1937.) Producing mines continued to receive almost all of traders’ attention. Batangas Minerals, Consolidated Mines and Atok Gold were actively traded, Batangas Minerals becoming so active that the Securities and Exchange Commission started another one of its periodic investigations into this stock. Volume of trading was pitifully small, brokers’ commissions, figured on a basis of one per cent, amounting to about P50.00 per day or less for each brokerage house. The first week of the period unde)' review (October 16th to October 23rd) opened dull and irregular. The volume of sales held up fairly well, however, and even exceeded that of the previous week, on both Exchanges. The nervousness which has characterized the market for, lo, these many months was aggravated by the crash in Wall Street, and the possible action to be taken by the Nine-Power Conference, which opened this month in’ Brussels. Batangas Minerals and Consolidated Mines were most actively traded in, and saved the week from being a total loss. Trading was so active in Batangas Minerals, particularly, that the week ended with total sales con siderably greater than the previous week, but with price averages down 3.76 for producing mines, and 1.01 for non-producers. President Quezon’s message at the opening of the National Assembly on the first day of the week reiterated his demand for early independence, as was expected. The speech had little effect on the market, however, as its tenor had been anticipated, and investors had already sold off most of the stock they would unload for this cause. The speech did send many stocks, especially Marsman issues, down from fractions to seven points, however, and the market recovered only a little ground all the rest of the week. As San Mauricio led the rise a few weeks ago, so it led the decline. The Securities and Exchange Commission announced its intention to probe the cause of the extremely rapid rise in Batangas Minerals from P0.125 at the beginning of the week to a high of P0.16. This announcement caused Batangas to fall back to P0.10, and close at P0.135 at the end of the week. Talk of a "pool” in Batangas was hotly denied by some brokers. One of them told the JOURNAL that his firm was holding a comparatively large block of Batangas, under orders from a client not to let it go at a sacrifice. This is far from a pool in the stock, however, it was pointed out. During the week from October 23rd to October 30th, Batangas again occupied the spotlight, and furnished most of the trading. There were days during the week November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 21 when the bigger portion of the trading sessions was devoted almost exclusively to this issue. Indeed, it would have been one of the most monotonous weeks on record if it had not been for the activity in Batangas Minerals. As it was, total shares sold amounted to only about half of the week previous, on either Exchange, although closing averages at the end of the week were up about 3 points for producing issues. Non-producers finished the week down a little less than a point. Interest in some producers revived during the last two days of the week. Atok was outstanding in this group, climbing three points to P0.215. This little flare of activity at the week’s close was attributed to improve ment of sentiment in New York and London, and favor able news from some of the local mines. Many brokers expressed themselves mystified at the long drought in the local market, especially since many mines report the highest production figures in their history. However, if they thought this week was dull, the next was even worse, and, in fact, trading volume for the week from October 31st to November 6th was almost the lowest for the entire year. Interest lapsed in Ba tangas Minerals, and was also lacking in Gold Shares and Gumaus Goldfields, which for a time were specula tive favorites. Interest has almost entirely shifted from non-producers to producing issues. Atok, Demonstration, I. X. L. (and the other Soriano mines) and United Paracale are claim ing most of what little buyer attention there is. Apparently local investors do not take much stock in recurrent talk that the price of gold will be increased. The fact that in New York gold shares generally went up while the general list went down, and also the fact that in London gold hoarders sent the gold price above that paid in the United States indicates that some sort of currency inflation is being discounted in those two financial centers, although inflation talk is not seriously considered here so far. The week ending November 13th established a record low in trading volume for the year. Producers’ average prices fell off about three points, and non-producers’ about two and V2 points. There was almost no buyer support, and, in fact, almost no opportunity to make any money, either on the long or the short side of the market. Washington denied any inflation intentions, and this apparently caused some people to unload. Evidently nobody had bought any stock expecting a rise because of inflation, but some had held on to their stock they already had, in the hope of inflation increasing their equities. Woo Uy-Tioco & Naftaly STOCKS AND BONDS Members: MANILA STOCK EXCHANGE 322 San Vicente Tels: 2-30-75 — 2-17-91 —2-93-02 Cable Address: WOOSTOCK 22 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 Manila Stock Exchange MINING SHARES SOLD September 16th to September 30th, 1937 October 1st to October 15th, 1937 STOCKS first Sale High Low Last Sale Closing Total Sales Birst Sale High Low Last Sale Closing Total Sales . Bid Asked Bid Asked Acoje Mining Co...............From .09 .10 .08 .08 .08 .09 110,000 40,000 .08 .08 .07% .07% .07% .08% 80,000 Agno Consolidated........ ” .033 .033 .033 .033 .05 .033 .033 .033 .036 20,000 Agusan Gold Mines ... ” .10 .10 Amalgamated Minerals. ” .05 .05% .05 .05 .04% .05 150,666 .04% .04% .04% .04% .042 20,000 Ambassador ................. ” .033 .004 .002 .002 .002 .003 2,850,000 600,000 .004 .004 .003 .003 ’.662 .003 2,800,000 Angelo Mining Co......... ” .07 % .09% .07 .07% .07% .08 .08 .08 .06% .06% .06% .06% 400,000 Antamok Goldfields ... ’’ .58 .61 .54 .55 .55 .56 774,000 .55 .54 .52 .52 .53 .54 501,000 Associated Mines.......... ’’ .004 .004 .004 .004 .004 2,250,000 .004 .004 .004 .005 495,000 Atok Gold Mining Co... ’’ .18 V2 .20 .17 .17% .18 .18% 560,000 .18% .21% .17 .20 ’.2i% .22 860,000 Baguio Gold Mining Co. ” .17 .18 .16 .16 .16 .17 225,000 .16% .17% .16% .17% 47% .18 60,000 Balatoc Mining Co......... ” 7.40 7.50 7.50 7.50 7.50 7.80 1,700 Batangas Minerals .... ” .07% 43 .07% .13 .12% 43 3,195,666 .14% .17 .11 45% .15% .16 5,690,000 Batong Buhay .............. ’’ .011 .014 .011 .012 .011 .012 1,270,000 13,800 ■ .012 .012 .011 .011 .01 .012 1,315,000 Benguet Consolidated .. ” 10.00 10.25 9.00 10.00 10.00 10.25 10.00 10.00 9.80 9.80 9.80 9.90 11,000 Benguet Exploration .. ” .06 .06 .06 .06% 10,000 .06 Big Wedge Mining Co. . ” .12 .14 .11% 42% 42% .13 40,000 42% 43% .12 43% 43% .14 325,000 Bued Mining Co............ ” .09% .10% .10% Century Gold ............... ” .002 .002 Coco Grove, Inc............. ” .53 .57 .46 .52 .51 .53 467,666 .52 .52 .48 .51 .50 .51 248,000 Consolidated Mines .... ” .016 022 .016 .019 .018 .019 40,360,00u 380,000 .019 .019 .017 .018 .018 .019 13,905,000 Crown Mines ................ ” .047 .05% .035 .035 .034 .038 .035 .035 .032 .032 .03 .034 100,000 Dayaka Mining ............ ” .06 .06 .038 .038 .05% 360,000 1,477,000 .038 .038 .038 .038 .045 20,000 Demonstration .............. ” .42% .45 .39 .39% .39 .39% .40 .40 .37 .39 .38% .39% 321,000 Developments, Inc.......... ’* .20. .23 .20 .23 Dulangan Min. Int. ... .10 .10 Dulong Mining Co......... .03 .03 .027 .027 .027 .03 ’ ’2'36,666 .02% .03 185,000 East Mindanao............. ” .11% .13 .10% .10% .10% .11 495,000 .ii .11 .io ’.io .10% El Tesoro Mines, Inc. .. ” .001 .001 .011 .002 50,000 .002 Florannie ..................... ” .08% .10% 20,000 .08% .08% .08% .08% .10 10,009 Gold Creek Mining Co.. ” ^07% ^09 ^07% ’08 .07% .09 60,0vj .075 .07% .07% .07% .08 20,000 Gold Shares, Inc........... Gumaus Goldfields, Inc.. ” .07 .07 .05% .05% .05% 895,00. .05% .06 .05% .05% .05% .06 200,000 .07% .09% .003 .06% .08 .08 .08% 1,110,000 .08% .08% .07 .08 .07% .08 1,485,000 Homestake Gold Mines . .003 .003 .002 .003 1,900,000 .002 .002 .002 .002 .003 60,000 Ipo Gold Mines, Inc. ... ‘ ’’ Itogon Mining Co........... ’’ .12% .14 .11% ’.ii% .11% .12 435,000 .11% .12 .10% 40% .11 .12 220,000 .43% .45% .38 .38% .38% .39 1,622,000 456,000 .38% .38 .36 .37 .36% .37% 395,000 I. X. L. Mining Co......... ” .56 .63 .55 .58 .57 .58 .58 .58 .53 .56 .56 .58 257,000 Lepanto Cons................. ” .13% .13% .12% .13% .12 .13% 45,000 100,000 .13 .13 .11 .11 .11% .13 50,000 Mambulao Cons.............. ” .14 .15 .14 .15 .14% .16% .15% .17% .15 .16% .16% .17 260,000 Mapaso Goldfields........ .09 .10 .08% .09% .09% .10 605,000 .09% .09% .08% .09 .09 .09% 450,000 Marsman & Co., Inc. .. ” 45.00 47.00 40.00 40.00 <15.00 :39.00 180 :39.00 39.00 39.00 ... 35.00 42.00 200 Masbate Cons................. ” .13 .15% .13 .14% .14% .15 1,705,000 .15 .15 .13 .13% .13 .13% 590,000 Mindanao Hamamali .. ’’ .004 .007 Mine Factors ............... ” .007 .007 .007 .007 .007 ' 400,666 .007 Mine Operations .......... ” .12 .12 .12 42 .12% 10,000 .16 .16% .16 .16 40 .10% 240,000 Mineral Enterprises .. " .03 .03 .026 .026 .04 60,000 .03 Mineral Resources .... ” .15% .19 .13 .15% 45 .15% 880,000 45 45% 44% 45 44% 45%> 240,000 Mother Lode ............... ” .04% .04% Nielson & Co., Inc. ... ” ’43% 43% '.ii 42 '.ii .12% '60,666 .11% .12 .10% 40% .10% 41% 65,000 North Camarines ........ ” .24 .24 .23 .23 .23 .24% 70,000 .23% .25 .23% .25 .26 .30 55,000 Northern Mining ........ ” .045 .045 .045 .045 60,000 .04% North Mindanao .......... ” .06 .06% .06 .06 .06% 40,000 .06% Palidan Suyoc .............. ” .09% .11 .08 .09 .09 .09% 945,000 100,000 .09 .09 .07% .08% .08 .08% 440,000 Paracale-Daguit ............ ” .003 .003 .003 .003 .005 .003 Paracale Gold ............. ” .08 .09% .07 .08 .08 .09 1,105,000 .08% .08% .07% .07% .07 .07% 130,000 Paracale Gumaus ........ ” .26% .26% .21 .23% .21% .24 140,000 .23 .23 .21 .21 .20% .22 60,000 Paracale Mining .......... ” .009 .009 .007 .008 .007 .009 350,000 .008 .008 .008 .008 .007 .008 200,000 Philippine Amalgamated ” Phil. Dorado.............. ” 42 .14% .ii % 42% '.ii ’43% ' ’3’45,666 .11% .12 .11% .ii 41% .12 100,000 Phil. Iron Mines .......... ” ... 125.00 ... 130.00 Pilar Copper Mines ... ” .05 .05 Prudential Min. Co.. .. ” .04 .03 .03 .03 .03 20,000 Rio Verde ..................... ” .05% .05% .05% .05% 40,000 .05% Salacot Mining Co......... ” .014 .014 .013 .613 .014 605,000 .613 .613 .613 .613 .013 140,000 San Mauricio ............... ” .74 .83 .64 .67 .66 .67 1,718,000 .67 .67 .51 .58 .59 .60 1,206,000 Sta. Cruz Mambulao .. ” .002 .002 .002 .001 .003 150,00.) .002 .002 .002 .002 .001 .002 300,000 Santa Rosa (New) .... ” .028 .028 .02 .02 .02 .021 7,780,000 .021 .021 .019 .021 .02 .022 1,680,000 Surigao Oriental .......... ” .005 .005 .005 .004 .005 100,000 5,845,000 .005 .005 .004 .005 .005 .006 400,000 Suyoc Consolidated ... ” .20% .24% .19 .20% .20 .20% .20% .20% .18 .19% .19 .19% 1,705,000 Syndicate Investments . ” .07 .07 .07 .07 .06% .07% 115,000 .06% .06% .05% .05% .06 60,000 Tinago Consolidated ... ” .09 % .09% .08 .08 .09 45,000 5,000 .08 .08 .08 .09 .20 10,000 Twin Rivers Gold Co. . ’’ .20 .20 .20 .20 United Paracale............ ” .56 .64 .53 .57 .57 .58 2,102,000 .58 .58 .50 .55 .54 .56 842,000 Universal Explor. Co. .. ” .08% .09 .06% TOTAL SALES .06% ... .07% 805,000 88,734,980 TOTAL SALES .06% 39,247,900 November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 23 INTERNATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE CRYSTAL ARCADE BLDG.—MANILA, P. I. FORTNIGHTLY REPORT Mines Acoje ................................................................. Acop ................................................................... Agno Consolidated ........................................... Agusan................................................................ Amalgamated Minerals ................................... Ambassador ................... ................................... Antamok Goldfields ......................................... Associated Mines ............................................. Atok Gold ............... .......................................... Baguio Gold ...................................................... Balatoc Mining ................................................. Batangas Minerals ........................................... Batong Buhay ................................................... Benguet Consolidated ..................................... Benguet Exploration ....................................... Big Wedge ........................................................ Bonanza ................... ......................................... Bued .................................................................... Coco Grove ........................................................ Consolidated Mines ......... ................................. Cooperative Mines ......... ................................. Crown Mines...................................................... Dayaka .............................................................. Demonstration ................................................... Dulangan ............................................................ Dulong ......................................... ...................... Eastern Deep Sea ......... ................................. East Mindanao ................................................. Equitable ............................................................ Filipinas ............................................................ Florannie .......................................................... Gold Creek ............. .......................................... Gold Shares ....................................................... Gumaus Goldfield ............................................. Ipo Gold Mines ................................................ Itogon Mining ................................................... IXL .................................................................... Lepanto Consolidated . ................................. Luzon Consolidated ......................................... Mambulao Paracale ......................................... Mapaso Goldfield ........................................... Marsman ............................................................ Masbate .............................................................. Mineral Enterprises ....................................... Mineral Resources ............................................ Minerals and Metals ....................................... Mother Lode .................................................... Nielson & Co...................................................... North Mindanao ............................................... Northern Mining ............................................ Palidan Suyoc .................................................. Pampanga Gold ............................................... Paracale Daguit ............................................... Paracale Gold ............... ................................... Paracale Gumaus ............................................. Paracale Mapalad ........................................... Paracale Mining Dev. .. ................................... Philippine Dorado ........................................... Philippine Iron Mines ..................................... Philippine Min. Mng......................................... Philippine Racing Club .................................... Prudential ................... . ................................... Rio Verde .......................................................... Salacot Mining ............. ................................... San Mauricio .. ••............................................... Santa Rosa ........................................................ Santo Nino ...................................................... Surigao Oriental ........... ................................... Syndicate Invest................................................ Suyoc Consolidated ......................................... Tagumpay ........................................................ Twin Rivers ...................................................... Union Management ......................................... United Paracale ........... ................................... Universal Exploration ................................... Virac Exploration .......................................... TOTAL (LISTED) .................................. MISCELLANEOUS TOTAL................... GENERAL TOTAL........................ Oct. 1st to Oct. lStli Total From Nov. JsiI to Nov. 13th, 1937 First Sale Last sale Sales Opening High. Lo,v Closing Total .09 .08 50,000 000 000 000 .033 .033 20,000 ' .035 ' .035 45,000 000 000 .045 .05 60,000 ’ .036 .036 95,000 .003 .003 980,000 .0025 .003 .0025 .003 1,530,000 .57 .55 84,000 .52 .53 .51 86,000 .004 .004 415,000 .004 .004 50,000 .18 .185 55,000 .215 ,2i5 A95 .195 61,000 000 .175 .175 5,000 000 000 .075 .125 4,230,000 ’ .i55 .17 .ii .145 1,120,000 .011 .012 3,520,000 .01 .01 170,000 000 000 000 000 .12 .125 480,000 .135 .135 .12 .12 170,000 000 .005 .005 40,000 .04 .04 10,000 000 .53 .52 69,000 ’ .50 .51 .46 .46 40,000 .015 .019 19,005,000 .018 .018 .015 .015 4,770,000 000 .002 .002 10,000 .045 .046 120,000 5,000 .055 .055 15,000 .039 .04 .039 .039 30,000 .41 .39 646,000 .385 .405 .385 .395 269,000 000 000 .028 .026 30,000 ’ .026 ' .026 35,000 000 000 .115 .ii 140,000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 .04 .052u 775,000 .0575 .0675 .055 .055 540,000 .0825 .08 220,000 .08 .09 .0675 .0675 1,205,000 000 .105 .105 5,000 ' .42 .39 770,000 .37 .375 .355 .36 322,000 .62 .57 3,000 .55 .60 .55 .58 16,500 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 ’ .0925 5,000 000 38.00 38.66 18 .13 .145 846,000 .135 J35 J25 .125 225,000 .026 .026 20,000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 ' .095 .09 294,000 .08 .08 .0775 .0775 60,000 000 000 000 000 ’ .0725 ’ .075 160,000 ’ .0725 ' '.0725 30,000 000 o.,„ 000 000 ’ ’.6O8 .008 555,000 235,000 ' .0075 .0075 .66/ ' .007 120,000 .12 .125 .11 .115 .11 .11 30,000 000 000 000 000 .55 .54 6,500 000 000 000 ’ ’.055 ’ .055 90,000 000 .013 .013 230,000 000 .71 .67 777,000 .59 ,6i .54 .54 214,000 .025 .02 5,340,000 .021 .021 785,000 000 000 .005 .005 420,000 .005 .005 .0045 .0045 200,000 000 .06 .06 5,000 .19 .20 6,630,000 .19 .i6 .is .18 357,000 000 000 000 000 ’ .05 ’ .047 35,000 2,000 .55 .57 434,000 .55 .57 .53 ’ .54 202,000 20,000 .06 .0725 465,000 .06 .06 000 000 24 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 Manila Stock Exchange I 139-143 Juan Luna, Manila, P. I. 1 TEL. 2-29-95 ^”j DIRECTORY: 1[EMBER-HOUSES | ALDANESE & CORTES 116 Juan Luna Tel. 4-98-51 MACKAY & McCORMICK 34 Escolta Tel. 2-15-57 C. ALDECOA & CO. 40 Plaza Moraga Tel. 2-78-24 MARIA MARTINEZ & CO. 40-44 Rosario Tel. 2-22-78 ALEGRE & CO. 34 Escolta Tel. 2-29-12 A. MONTINOLA & CO. 122 Juan Luna Tel. 4-93-98 H. E. BENNETT & CO. 53 Escolta Tel. 2-24-51 MULCAHY, LITTON & CO. 30 Plaza Moraga Tel. 2-51-13 CAMAHORT & JIMENEZ 34 Escolta Tel. 2-34-81 L. Ii. NIELSON & CO. 601 Escolta l et. 2-12-81 N. CONCEPCION & CO. 134 Nueva Tel. 2-89-66 MARINO OLONDIilZ Y CIA. Crystal Arcade Tel. 2-22-08 ELLIS, EDGAR & CO. 189 Juan Luna Tel. 2-29-64 OVEJERO & HALL S. J. Wilson Bldg. Tel. 2-10-51 JOSE FELIX & CO. 36 Escolta Tel. 2-39-31 ANGEL PADILLA & CO. Burke Building Tel. 2-18-34 GUTIERREZ, GUTTRIDGE & BRIMO 132 Juan Luna Tel. 4-85-87 LUIS PEREZ Y CIA. Samanillo Bldg. Tel. 2-59-55 HAIR & PICORNELL S. J. Wilson Bldg. Tel. 2-18-44 E. SANTAMARIA & CO. S. J. Wilson Bldg. Tel. 2-33-85 HESS & ZEITLIN, INC. Crystal Arcade Tel. 2-32-74 LEO SCHNURMACHER, INC. El Hogar Filipino Bldg. Tel. 2-37-16 MAX KUMMER & CO. 7th. Floor S. J. Wilson Bldg: Tel. 2-15-26 SWAN, CULBERTSON & FRITZ S. J. Wilson Bldg. Tel. 2-38-34 S. E. LEVY & CO. Filipinas Building Tel. 2-38-51 TRINIDAD, CELESTE & CO. 101 Echague Tel. 2-66-09 HEISE, LARSON & CO. 423-35 San Vicente Tel. 2-33-46 WOO. UY-TIOCO & NAFTALY 322 San Vicente Tel. 2-30-75 LIST LOCAL STOCKS IN THE STATES? A FEW OF THE PROS AND CONS ARE DISCUSSED By Clifford /I. Greenman We feel it can be said without danger of encountering much argument that the decline of recent months has decapitated a Heavy percentage of purchasing power in local stock markets. The discovery of a new field, a rise in the price of gold, strong local sponsorship or a glut of outside money have been suggested as possible sti mulants lor a sickly and stagnant state of affairs. The first two seem remote and local sponsorship will un doubtedly be cautious in starting a boom on anything but two such powerful and fundamental premises, real izing that if they are to take profits, they must have customers to sell their stock to and in the present situa tion customers and cash are lacking in sufficient quan tity. Why not, therefore, induce new money into the local field? There s nothing original in the thought. It’s been broached a dozen or more times. What are the flies in the ointment and why have Philippine companies failed to avail themselves of the bottomless store of Amer ican wealth ? nelore leaving San Francisco several months ago for .Manila, the writer was requested by the San Francisco Alining Exchange again to bring up the matter with local companies in an effort to bring about listing on that Exchange. We forthwith armed ourselves with the listing requirements and the SEC regulations in the States and set out cooling our heels in the offices of mine officials. ihe suggestion was met with courteous, considerate but nonetneless lukewarm reception. All investors, hung up with stocks at fancy prices, were heartily in favor of the idea, visioning as they did millions of pesos reliev ing the load here and marking up prices with old time lrenzy and foolhardiness. Here was their chance at least to get out alive. Most brokers favored the idea, foresee ing revived activity and the start of commissions, on the up grade, after a long, dry spell. Company officials ad mitted stockholders and brokers would benefit. But what was the reward for the mining company? In order that honor would accrue to all concerned, only producing companies were contacted. Officials of all prominent mining groups were interviewed. All listened attentively, but nary a listing application has aS yet re sulted. What are the objections? They never told me in so many words. But if I were a mining executive, 1 believe 1 could see that while many benefits may result, the States’ listing has many rami fications that require careful study. 1 can fully under stand the position of the mining officials and readily appreciate their stand. Distance may lend enchantment in romance but in the mining business a 9000-mile gulf is carrying things a bit too far. Inability to control the fluctuations and lack of immediate knowledge as to powers which may be buying or selling, 1 sensed as one objection. Transfer sheets would be at least a week late, even with prompt clipper service. The difference in time was another abyss that seemed impossible to bridge. Markets would be open at opposite ends of the clock which would allow operators in the States opportunity to influence fluctuations in a direction not desired here. (Please turn to page 34) IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 25 What the Diggers Are Doing WENDT: Two mining companies affi liated with the Wendt interests, held annual meetings the middle of October, and elected new directors for the coming year. H. A. Wendt is president of Amalgamated Minerals, W. B. Sheppard, vice-president; Charles Kurz, treasurer; B. W. Roebuck, secretary; Thomas N. Powell, I. Coscolluela, A. Brimo and N. Quisumbing, members of the board. Stockholders of Mineral Enterprises elected H. A. Wendt, president; J. R. H. Mason, vice-president; Charles Kurz, treas urer; B. W. Roebuck, secretary; and Fran cis Lusk and A. G. Santos, members of the board. The annual report of the Angelo Mining Company, with which H. A. Wendt & Co., Ltd., has a managing and operating con tract, was submitted to the stockholders on October 26th. Operations on this prop erty are of considerable interest to every one, because airplanes have been and will be utilized to a very considerable extent to take in supplies and equipment. The Angelo property is located on the east side of the ridge of the Sierra Madro Range, in the north central part of Tayabas province, and near the northernmost tip of Rizal province. It lies near the headwaters of the Umiray River, and from Manila it bears in a direction approximately N 50 deg. E a distance of 50 kilometers. A trail was constructed from Santa Inez to the property, so that it can now be reached in two davs, the major part on horseback. At first, a temporary airport was constructed, and the first airplane landed on the property in April of this year. As soon as the managers became convinced of the feasability of air trans portation, the larger, final airport was con structed, and is now being used. Material and supplies for the camp needs have been landed regularly since June 8, 1937. . The Angelo people resorted to transporta tion by air when it became obvious that trail transportation could never be depended upon to meet the needs of the mine, and was very costly, when the cost of pack animals, trail construction and maintenance and trucking from Manila to Tanay are all added together. Approximately 70 kilometers of road would be required from Tanay to Angelo, and, after investigation of the cost of similar roads constructed by the Bureau of Public Works, it was found that the total road project, if carried out, would cost approximately P500,000.00. Other plans, such as an aerial tramway, and combined trail and tramway were considered and rejected. So it was that airplanes began to be used. The company first purchased a Cessna plane in May, and has chartered other planes. In all, four different air planes have been used. Approximately 60 tons have been transported by this fleet, much more cheaply than it would have been possible to do so by trail. The planes have also insured continuous operation, impossible had the trail been de pended upon alone. When two laborers ■M were injured, they were quickly transported to Manila—an impossible feat over a trail. Approximately P63,000.00 has been spent on transportation facilities, and P3,000.00 more will be required to improve the trail NY EXECUTIVE of any Chamber of Commerce will confirm the statement that business, commerce, and industry prefer to establish them selves in communities where stock exchanges are operating. Because they know that in such localities the flow of • business is stimulated by active security markets and that every line of industrial endeavor pro fits accordingly. Furthermore, the presence of a secu rity mart enables meritorious enter prises to obtain quickly additional capital for expansion and business building purposes and that the listing of a company’s security is a publicity factor that aggressive managements never overlook. Philippine industries are invited to confer with officials of the INTERNATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE relative to listing their stocks and/or bonds. MEMBERS AGUINALDO & AGUINALDO ARANETA & CO.. INC. BACHRACH. COSCOLLUELA & CO.. I. CUA OH & CO. EASTERN INVESTMENT CO. ESCAAO. MORENO. FERNANDEZ & CO. FINANCE & MINING BROKERAGE GARTEIZ. INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENTS KLAR & ALVEAR LEDESMA & CO.. E. B. LUZ. ARSENIO MANILA SECURITIES BROKERAGE MONTENEGRO. JOSE A. MULLEN & CO., N. E. PARSONS. CHICK PASCUAL & SYJUCO QUISUMBING & CO.. N. ROENSCH & VALDES ROSENTHAL. INC. SCHEDLER. DEAN SECURITIES SERVICE CORPORATION TODA Y TOLEDO. BENIGNO TUELLS & CLIFFORD Crystal*Arcade, Manila Tel. 2-82-14-2-85-25 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMHER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 26 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 19 37 for a tractor road. This expenditure, the report states, is all that will be required, aside from the purchase of transportation equipment, to give ample transportation for the needs of the mine. It may be nec essary to spend an additional PIO,000.00 later to enlarge the airport and make pos sible the landing of larger planes, but for the present the field is adequate. Radio equipment has been installed, pro viding constant communication with the Bureau of Aeronautics station at Manila, and with receiving sets installed on the planes. Emergency connection with the Manila office, and better control of planes during bad weather periods is assured. Surveying of the claims has been com pleted, and Wendt geologists have finished a large part of a detailed geological map ping program. Bodegas, a saw mill, powder magazines, compressor* house and airport bodega have been finished. Work is in progress on other buildings. The annual report states that P63,000.00 worth of equip ment including transportation, power, drill ing, shop, surface and underground equip ment has been delivered to the property. Application for water rights to cover domestic, mill and power requirements has been made, which, although having the initial endorsement of the authorities, was awaiting final approval at the date of the report. Without relating in detail the geology oif the area, or development operations already completed, it is sufficient to say that the report states the vein area is ex tensive. Several veins have been found, and they have seldom run nil, and samples have ranged as high as $100.00 per ton (old price) although this is by no means claimed as an average. A sample crew has been trained to cut accurate channel sam ples, which work is being done under close Whipsawgers Cutting Timbers supervision. The board of directors is well satisfied with the work of L. J. Sundeen, general superintendent at the mine and his staff to date. L. D. Lockwood, prominent attorney, is the president of Angelo; H. A. Wendt the vice president, Chas. Kurz, secretary and treasurer; and H. P. Strickler, J. R. H. Mason and R. F. Rawson are directors. I*. W. Roebuck is the mine accountant. BIG WEDGE: H. M. Levine and A. A. Brimo were elected to the board of this company on October 15, to represent the stockholder’s interest of the heirs of the late E. M. Bachrach. Big Wedge is operated by Atok Mining Co. Latest reports on Big Wedge’s gold production, when compared with the total tonnage milled, indicate that this mine is milling unusually high grade ore. MARSMAN: Four experienced dredgeNorthern Mindanao men arrived here late last month to join the staff of Coco Grove. W. H. Hyland, whose home town is Middletown, Conn., will be dredge master on one of the new dredges now being prepared for operation at Paracale. He has had 25 years’ ex perience in California, Idaho, Alaska and Siberia. Arthur H. Fogarty, who hails from Ca lifornia, will be a Coco Grove winchman, as will Lester A. Brady and Alfred W. Brady, brothers. All of these men have had wide experience in dredging opera tions. Marsman managed properties produced P804,959.91 during October from 49,026 tons milled. This is a substantial gain over the September output, in spite of the fact that San Mauricio turned in lower figures, due to repairs, and delays caused by floods during the October 12-14 floods. Atodeln ^njlnel fiol Atodein *7u.q[a All BX B" & B B builds engines for every gas and liquid fuel “L# I* .1 ■■ —each, the most economical in its class— “ a ™ sea* e fa s w each the product of thirty years of engineer ing experience in design and manufacture and each built to perform a specific duty for a particular industry. Today, the Waukesha Motor Company manufactures forty-two different models of engines burning artificial or natural gas, high or low octane petrols, paraffine, alcohol and the generally available modem high-speed diesel-oil fuels, to serve the power needs of thirty-four different industries. The ratings range from 12 to 325 H.P. WAUKESHA-HESSELMAN diesel-oil engines—spark-ignition, low compression type—are reducing bus fuel costs as much as 50% to 60%—increasing mileage 20% to 40%. One bus company reports a saving of U. S. $100.00 per bus per month by using Waukesha-Hesselman diesel-fuel power instead of gasoline. The engine is easy to start under all weather conditions; maintenance costs are low; the Hesselman cycle is readily understood by anyone familiar with gasoline engine operation. For industrial and bus, truck, tractor, rail-car uses, fuel oil power finds its most dependable and economical application in the performance of the Waukesha-Hesselman Spark Ignition Engine. Distributors for Waukesha Industrial Engines The Earnshaws Docks & Honolulu Iron Works MOTOR SERVICE, INC.' 408 Rizdal Ave. Manila, P. I. WAUKESHA MOTOR CO WAUKESHA, WIS., U. S. A, 21-6:37 Cables: “ Motor •Waukesha IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 27 Itogon hung uo new monthly record for itself, with a P32.000.00 gain over Sep tember. United Paracale went over the P200.000.00 mark for the first time. Itogon produced P357,754.39 from 29,425 tons of one milled. Suyoc Consolidated grossed P128,010.07 out of 6,389 tons. United Paracale reported P200,081.70 from 7,962 tons, and San Mauricio turned in P119,113.75, milling 5,250 tons of ore. BELOY MINING CO., LONE STAR MIN ING CO., MINDANAO MINING CO., and ORION MINING CO. are among the newer, smaller gold producers. They produced a total of P24,488.82 worth of gold the first six months of this year, and have helped to swell total Philippine gold production to a new record. RALSTON: Benguet Exploration, one of the three Ralston-managed mines, reported its October production at P21.355.00. Finis is apparently written to one of the better-known mining companies. Judge A. W. Ralston, president of Salacot Mining Co., called a meeting of the stockholders ■ for the 26th of last month, at the same time sending them a report wherein he stated that Salacot was in a desperate con dition. The funds of the company were practically exhausted, he stated, and, un less a considerable body of ore could be found through prospecting, operations would have to stop. Operations at Salacot were carried on by Harold Cogswell, general superintendent since August of last year, with remarkable efficiency and economy, but the ore bodies simply were not there in millable grade. The company has been steadily losing money every month for a long time, in spite of the most rigid economies. Cogswell outlined a plan of development and exploration which would take 12 months, and cost around P150,000.00, by which remaining ore areas around the property could be prospected. Jacob Ro senthal and Company offered to loan Sa lacot this money for three years at 9%, the loan to be secured by a first mortgage on the mill and all buildings. A profitsharing plan was included in the Rosenthal proposal. A quorum could not be obtained for the October 28th meeting, however, and so no action was taken, either toward liquidating the company, or accepting Rosenthal and Company’s proposition. Mr. Cogswell, how ever, told the JOURNAL that he felt sure the Rosenthal scheme would not go through, as one of the largest stockholders—owning about 9,000,000 shares of Salacot, expressed himself at the meeting as being against the plan. All work at the mine stopped on October 31st, and the mill was shut down. So, apparently, ends a story which began in 1933, when Salacot was incorporated to take over the property of the Salacot Exploration Company in Bulacan, at a price of Pl,200,000.00 in stock. An additional Pl,200,000.00 of capital stock of the Salacot Mining Company was fully subscribed and paid up in cash at the time of incorporation. Production began in 1935, the mine turn ing out P73,325.00 in that year. Produc tion increased to P412,826.58 in 1936, but fell back to P244,576.60 to date this year. Dr. A. D. Alvir, the company’s consult ing engineer at its inception, reported in 1933 that there was an estimated tonnage of ore of commercial value sufficient to supply a mill of 300 tons capacity for more than four years. This report was revised downward by V. Elicano, then chief of the division of mineral resources of the depart ment of agriculture and commerce who allowed for 60 per cent of the ore reserve value for operating costs, and placed the approximate net value of the ore reserve at P2,083,505.84. Frederic MacCoy, general superintendent until Mr. Cogswell was appointed in 1936, estimated ore reserves in a 1935 report at Pl,618,460.59. Mr. Cogswell found his chief trouble with mill heads, which could not be kept above P6.00 a ton, while actual production costs exceeded this figure. Judge Ralston came into the picture in 1936, in a general reorganization which saw his elevation to the presidency of the company, and the election of Placido Mapa and J. B. Hoover to the board. Carl Hess, Jr., the broker, is probably the largest single stockholder. Demonstration milled 9,773.61 tons of ore during October, valued at P149,643.95. Of T E X R O P E NEWS HERE IS A 300 H. P. ALLIS-CHALMERS Texrope drive with Centers Less Than Six Feet Five Years with the Same Set of Texropcs THE EARNSHAWS DOCKS & HONOLULU IRON WORKS 60-118 SECOND STREET P. O. Box 282 PORT AREA BRANCH OFFICE Tel. 2-3 2-13 MANILA. P. I. BACOI.OD. OCC. NEGROS this total, 6,598.61 tons came from the oxide portion of the mine, producing P97,334.00 in bullion, and 3,175 tons from the sul phide section, which produced concentrates valued at P52,309.95. Average recovery was P15.31, which is low for Demonstration. Judge Ralston stated that it was thought best to hold heads down and do experimental work on the new flotation plant to handle sulphides, with as low a grade of ore as possible. Higher heads, and greater percentage of recovery can be expected in the future from this plant, Judge Ralston said. Judge Ralston is also the head of the Manila Machinery Co., which has announced the recent arrival of a safety equipment expert from the States. The company in tends to push sales of safety equipment for mines. A. J. Tocring is the new safety IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 28 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 equipment man, and is Far Eastern head of Mine Safety Appliances Co. HAUSSERMANN: Benguet Consolidated made a new monthly record during October, with 31,852 tons of ore milled, and a pro duction of P897.918.00. Balatoc turned out 37,884 tons with a value of Pl,067,510.08; Cal Horr, 6,69.3 tons valued at P135,234.22, and Ipo milled 6,023 tons worth P51,696.23. Judge Haussermann told the JOURNAL he expects to win the important Balatoc patent case now pending in the courts for decision. We summarized the points at issue in this case in our last number. The Judge said there is a case decided in 1935 by the Supreme Court of the United States, involving identical points as are involved in the Balatoc case. The 1935 case in volved an oil-prospecting location on which assessment work had been allowed to lapse. While the assessment work had lapsed. Congress withdrew the land from further exploration. The United States Supreme Court held in that case that the private complainants were entitled to a patent from the government upon completing their as sessment work and other requirements un der the law at the time they located the property. This case is directly in point should the Balatoc case reach Washington for final decision, the Judge said. R. M. Overbeck, a consulting engineer of wide experience, has joined the staff of Benguet Consolidated Mining Company as consulting geologist for the Benguet in terests. SORIANO: Stockholders of the North Camarines Gold Mining Company voted to increase the capitalization of the company from P500,000.00 to Pl,000,000.00 at the annual meeting of the company held on November 9. This company is one of the Soriano group, under the management of the International Engineering Corporation, the Soriano technical company. This company has 82 “new style” lode claims arid fractions in Paracale, adjacent to the properties of Paracale Gold, Coco Grove and United Paracale. The Interna tional Engineering Corporation has an op tion on P400,000.00 worth of the unissued stock of the company, at par. Develop ment began in October, 1936, with Drexel Amalgamated Minerals, 3nr. 118 T. PINPIN, MANILA Telegraphic Address—“AM ALG A M ATED” OPERATORS AND ADMINISTRATORS OF MINES Specializing in Base Metals COMPLETE STAFF of ENGINEERS and GEOLOGISTS Buyers and Exporters of Copper, Manganese, Chromite and Other Base Metals Consultation Invited No Problem is too Difficult. We Operate Ships Under Special Charter Spaulding, formerly of the Antamok Gold fields staff, as resident engineer, and H. Lindbloom, formerly of Masbate Consol idated, as consulting geologist. Capital development up to September of this year amounted to 5,107 feet. A diamond drilling program accounted for 3,223 feet more. Soriano offices announced that the work during the latter part of this period has definitely indicated that the property will become a gold producer during 1938. Permanent equipment to complete the blocking-out program in preparation for a mill has been completed, and a moderate build ing program has been finished. Ore sam ples are being taken in duplicate for mill tests and gow sheet design. Mine Mill, and Power Plant Design, Southwestern Engineering Co. P. I., Inc. A Modern... (Continued from page 19) Roy A. Smith, Field Superintendent in charge of construction, has had more than 25 years direct construction experience in building mills, industrial plants, roads and bridges in North America. REPRESENTING LEADING SMELTERS and BUYERS THROUGHOUT THE WORLD I. X. L. produced P204,578.17 from 6,771 tons treated in October. This is slightly under the all-time high, but Soriano offi cials are satisfied, as the extraction at the mill averaged 96.5 per cent—the best I. X. L. has ever done. Antamok, one of the Islands’ biggest consistent producers, turned in P455,232.57 from 23,903 tons of ore during October. Andres Soriano, the chief of the Soriano interests, which include the San Miguel Brewery, his mining companies, a brewery in Kansas City, Mo., the Insular Cold Stores here in Manila, and many other commercial enterprises, is on an extended trip abroad. EAST MINDANAO: A new producer, this company extracted P43.200 of ore from 3,228 tons in October. Morris C. Scherer, field Metallurgist, graduated from the College of Mines and Metallurgy, University of Texas (1925). He has had mining and ore-milling ex perience variously at The Mexican Corpora tion, Fresnillo; Cia. Minera de Perroles; Nevada Consolidated; Chelan Copper Min ing Company; Boriana Tungsten Mine; Ray Southern Mine, Arizona; various mills in California and others. Teofilo Soriano, Mechanical Engineer, is connected with the plant design department. Mr. Soriano is one of our local University men, having graduated from the Univer sity of the Philippines. He is experienced in mechanical construction work, plant lay outs, and industrial electrical installations^. Miss Isabel M. L. Stangl, assayer, grad uated in chemistry from Silliman University in 1931. She was employed at the Binalbagan Sugar Central, Negros, Occidental, for two years. In 1935, she was assistant, in charge of the assay laboratory of the Central Philippine College at Jaro, Iloilo, and in 1936-37 assayer at the laboratory of Silliman University, in connection with the new College of Mines. Additional Engineers will arrive in the Philippines later in the year and, other members of the staff, such as Assayers, Draftsmen, Field Construction Supervisors and Foremen, are being recruited locally as far as possible. The staff will be increased from time to time as required with a per sonnel of similar experienced technical calibre, and it is the intention of the man agement to operate a highgrade engineer ing service with the hope of making such a service desirable in the minds of informed persons in the field of mining in the Phil ippines. IN RESPONDING TQ ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OE COMMERCE JOURNAL 29 -^$R r$A r$R r>=k '^A r^'-^R r THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL A filmy ffiljraimas anb ^appy attb $rnspmiw Nm ^bar y ?r r y f f r f r r F r r r I F F t r r y F J t F I y r F y F f w IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OE COMMERCE JOURNAL 30 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 Culled from the News PHILIPPINE STOCKS BOOSTED.— Manila Stock Exchange tickers carried an extract last month from a recent issue of the Economic X-Ray Report, Far Eastern issue, which calls attention to the attrac tiveness of Philippine mining stocks as speculations. The article said, in part, “Some Londoners are tipping the dividend paying Philippine gold mines as an attrac tive speculation. They say that a com bination of adverse factors, partly exag gerated, has reduced them to a bargain level—Certainly Filipino mines are a spe culation, but what isn’t? Some of them are now selling at one-third to one-eighth of their 1936 peaks, which makes the present quotations look hardly more than option money.’’ GOLD SELLS AT A PREMIUM L\ LONDON.—This a same source cabled the Manila Stock Exchange’s Stock Quotations Company that London was paying, at least during the first week of this mi nth, a premium of 46 centavos per ounce for bar gold. This took the price in London above the Washington level of $35.00. The buying interest was attributed to rumors that the price of gold would go up. CAMPOS FORSEES PROBABLE RISE IN U. S. GOLD PRICE.—Pedro J. Campos, president of the Bank of the Philippine Is lands, returned last month from a roundthe-world trip, and was quoted as saying that he thought economic factors in the United States would make that country increase the price it now pays for gold. He did not say when he thought this would happen, but pointed out under present legis lation President Roosevelt has only until December 31st to. tinker* with the gold price. Mr. Campos declined to say what “eco nomic factors” would result in a higher price for gold. SCHRADER TO . DEVELOPMENTS, INC.—James F. Schrader, radio technician, arrived early this month to join the staff of Developments, Inc. Schrader has done geophysical work in the States, Alaska and Canada, and has worked with Roger W. Clarke, president of Developments, Inc. He will be in Developments’ geophysical department. MILL PLANNED FOR CAPSAY.—The Capsay Bock group of the Capsay Mining Company, located in Masbate, will become a producer in the near future, according to an announcement made yesterday by Mark E. Hubbard, consulting engineer for Mine Operations, Inc., operators of the property. “Development work to be completed with in the next 40 days should enable us to determine the size of the initial mill unit to be installed,” Mr. Hubbard’s report states. Development work is progressing in a highly satisfactory manner. The Nabob vein has been opened up at individual points over a strike length of 500 feet and work is being pushed at the present time to connect up the various headings along the strike. To date over 200 feet of good milling-grade ore has been disclosed. Adit No. 1 Drift West has been driven west ward 100 feet on the vein, which averages Pl 2.00 per ton over a width of five feet. Adit No. 3, which is located 200 feet east of Adit No. 1, intersected the Nabob vein 155 feet from the portal and approximately Compliments of Quartz Hill Mining Co. Mr. O. E. Hart - - President Mr. Frank S. Parker - - Director Mr. J. S. Sampson- - Vice-Pres, and Trea. Mr. R. Fernandez - - - Director Mr. T. S. Holt - - /lssr. Treasurer and Sec. Mr. J. G. Hartman - - - Director Peoples Bank Bldg. Tel. 2-73-52 MANILA IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 31 100 feet below the outcrop. The Adit No. 3 Drifts East and West have developed 132 feet of ore averaging P14.86 per ton over a five-foot width. Adit No. 3 Drift West continues in mill-grade ore at the present time, while crosscutting is being done in No. 3 Drift East to investigate a parallel structure. Adit No. 4, located 230 feet east of Adit No. 3, has not yet been( driven to the pro jected position of the vein. It should reach the vein very shortly. It is interesting to note, however, that samples taken from outcrops along the probable strike of this vein between Adits No. 3 and No. 4 gave values from P5.20 to P16.80. Geophysical data has been obtained on the Nabob structure which indicates that this vein-structure is continuous for some 950 feet. Other interesting data was ob tained directly north of the Nabob vein. The Ajax vein, which is located south of the Nabob structure, is being developed through two adits, Ajax No. 1 and Ajax No. 2. Work in Ajax No. 1 and No. 2 has disclosed to date 166 feet of ore averaging P34.30 over a five-foot width. A close-up of a gold-bearing gravel bank at Orion ESMAY GOLDFIELDS, INC.—L. E. Nantz, president of this company with the pig-latin name left the 10th of this month for Suyoc on an inspection trip of the property. John Gaffney, acting field super intendent at the property, has concentrated on cross-cutting of veins. This company is a closed corporation. Stockholders are Developments, Inc., Syn dicate Investments, Carlos Young, H. T. Fox, T. J. Wolff, Lorenzo Correa, W. D. Chittick, L. E. Nantz, E. M. Grimm, R. Descals, and J. Bulls. ALSO WILLIAMSON AND BERKEN KOTTER TO DEVELOPMENTS, INC.— Developments, Inc. added two mining en gineers to its staff this month, G. F. Wil liamson and Frank E. Berkenkotter. Mr. Williamson has had very wide ex perience in the United States, Korea, and Mexico, as mine foreman, superintendent and manager. For the past 7 years, ho has been president and general manager of the West National Finance Co. in San Francisco a firm engaging in the examina tion of mines and the sale of mining ma chinery. Frank Berkenkotter is the son of Ben Berkenkotter, long prominent in Philip pine mining circles. He graduated from the University of Washington. BATONG-BUIIAY HAS HIGH RE SERVES.—Ore reserves of this mine in creased from P603,209.00 in August to P804,879.00 in September, according to a report of Earle W. Berry, general superin tendent. Complete compressor equipment, capable of handling six or eight headings, is ex pected to be installed this month. Mr. Berry estimates the main ore body as being six to eight feet wide, and he says it is showing up stronger with depth. Of course, all efforts are now concen trated on sinking, in order to block out enough ore to warrant construction of a mill. Batong Buhay has recently been an in vestment favorite on the local stock ex change. ROPER EMBARRASSED.—Indications that Washington bureaus do not always function in harmony are contained in a Reuter dispatch that Daniel C. Roper, Sec retary of Commerce considers a recent • Lead Concentrate • Zinc Concentrate • Gold Bullion THREE Mill products One Mill—One Ore Mineral Resources Floatation Mill at Marinduque Ore Testing Specialists in Metallurgical Engineering and the erection of Complete Ore Mills Assay Laboratory You are cordially invited to visit and inspect our completely equipped ore-testing laboratory at 508 Aviles, Manila. SOUTHWESTERN ENGINEERING CO. OF P. I., INC. 506-508 Calle Aviles SAN MIGUEL Manila, P. I. Telephones: 2-35-96 & 2-35-97 forecast of the Bureau of Agricultural eco nomics to the effect that the present busi ness recession might run into 1938 as “pre mature.” Roper hinted that the govern ment might take steps to counteract any unfavorable impression caused by the bureau’s forecast. The government at Washington has its hands lull trying to ally business fears and strengthen confidence, and it does not welcome such predictions as that of the Bureau of Agricultural economics. IRON.—The long-awaited renascense of Surigao may first take place in iron min ing, according to Director Quirico Abadilla of the Bureau of Mines. The Bureau has plugged along for some time trying to discover iron in commercial quantities and value in the Philippines, and recently sent Dean Frasche, mining engi neer and geologist down to Surigao. Frasche IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CH AM HER OE COMMERCE JOURNAL 32 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 reported iron ore of commercial value and recommended its development. Frasche’s report had to do with the iron on the government ore reservation in Su rigao, and Director Abadilla stated the Bureau of Mines is now devising ways and means for exploiting the deposit. Another Bureau of Mines party, under Russell Fleming, mining engineer, went to northeastern Zamboanga to look into coal deposits there. CAGAYAN IRON COMPANY, INC., plans to reorganize this month, according to a report released by the Aparri branch office of the company. The plan includes increasing the capital stock from P50,000.00 to P500.000.00, to provide funds for devel opment. The company’s claims are in Camalaniugan, Cagayan, 8 kilometers south of Aparri port. It is assured of good trans portation by water and by road. Two Japanese from a Japanese firm which is considering contracting for the iron output have examined the property. BATANGAS ESCROW STOCK.—For some time, holders of escrow stock of Ba tangas Minerals have debated whether they could obtain this stock by paying par value in cash—ten centavos per share. They can. At least, this is what the Securities and Exchange Commission told officials of tho company in a letter sent last August 27th, SEC officials announced. Stock held in escrow for claim owners was P75,000.00. Batangas has a total au thorized capital of P250,000.00. Following the Commissions’ letter, about 30,000 shares of this escrow stock were released, newspaper reports state. At this point, further releasing of shares was held up, apparently because of another one of the SEC’s periodic inquiries into Batangas Minerals activities on the stock exchange board. The Commission had a representa tive, Nicanor Roxas, its technical adviser, on the floor of the Manila Stock Exchange, watching goings-on in Batangas. Meanwhile, Developments, Inc., announced last month the commencement of a geo physical survey, conducted by Mr. William Irby, on the lead and zinc property of Ba tangas Minerals in Batangas province. This survey has been completed. SANTOS INVESTMENTS.—Reports sa tisfactory progress with work on the ParanHighland group of Philippine Amalgamated Mines, Inc. It was announced that ex ploration and prospecting is now over, and work is now concentrated on ore develop ment. John Lea is the chief consulting en gineer for the company. He is working on several levels, drifting and cross-cutting in an effort to map out a blocking-out program. Dr. Apolinario de los Santos, the pre sident of Santos Investments, made an inspection trip to the properties of the Philippine Amalgamated Mines and Tiyaga Mining Company in Baguio last month. JAMES S. BAKER RESIGNS.—James S. Baker, consulting engineer for Opisso and Company, has resigned, effective the last of this month, he told the JOURNAL. Mr. Baker, prior to his connection with Opisso and Company engaged in private consulting work. He may return to this he said. WILLIS REPORT AVAILABLE.—The National Research Council has published the results of the geological survey of tho Philippines made by Dr. Bailey Willis, famous Stanford University geologist. The report is contained in Bulletin No. 13 of the Council. It consists of about 130 pages, and is well illustrated with photographs. Dr. Willis took about three months to make his survey, and was assisted by Dr. Jose Feliciano, head of the department of geology of the University of the Philip pines, and others. Willis is inclined to be pessimistic about the future of mining here. He states that the Baguio area is the only one in the Islands presenting hope for large ore reserves, at least from a geological standpoint. The famous geologist may be wrong about the Philippines. He has been at outs for some time with the State of California authorities and engineers responsible for building the great Golden Gate Bridge. Dr. Willis believes the bridge foundations are in rock which will be dislodged with the next strong earthquake. Bridge en gineers vehemently deny this. A word battle between Willis and the engineers raged in California newspapers for some time. Dr. Willis is currently saying nothing about the Golden Gate Bridge. GOVERNMENT INVESTIGATIONS — Herald readers were titillated two weeks ago by an announcement in that paper that the Securities and Exchange Commission was about to expose “a large mining com pany,” which was alleged to have sold stock to its directors for promissory notes—a privilege which it emphatically did not allow the general public. The newspaper report said about P400,000.00 of this company’s money has been spent with nothing to show for it. Fraud is suspected. This “expose” follows on the heels of SEC investigations into various firms or ganized by Andres Camasura, promoter. Camasura is currently in the courts on several cases. The JOURNAL expresses CROSSLEY DIESEL ENGINES CROSSLEY HORIZONTAL LOW SPEED ENGINES sold since 1911 are still giving satisfactory, service after 26 YEARS OF UNINTERRUPTED SERVICE IN THE PHILIPPINES Best suited for Ice Plants, Oil Mills and other Plants requiring 24 hours service Sole Agent: SMITH, BELL & CO., LTD. Cebu — MANILA — Iloilo A 60-foot boom carrying a 1 cubic bucket dumps the gravel into the washing plant. The drag-line excavator makes a complete circle, 120 feet, maximum cut, at each set-up of the machines. FINANCE & MINING INVESTMENTS CORP. General Merchants — Investments — Loans — Insurance FINANCE & MINING BROKERAGE Stocks a Bonds I 2-18 39 M. Cuaderno 205-207 CRYSTAL Arcade Fhones < 2-42-65 GENERAL MANAGER I 2-75-14 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 7 HE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 33 no opinion as to the merits of Camasura’s activities, but it is no doubt true that the fact that some newspapers have sued him for old advertising bills has not helped the kind of publicity he has gotten from said newspapers. A newspaper does not always take that judicious, impersonal at titude where the business office is involved. Much of Camasura’s adverse publicity has had to do with front-page stories detailing suits against him for trifling advertising bills. The Securities and Exchange Commis sion has been “investigating” Baitangas Minerals several times since that first dread day when it released a report by a Bureau of Mines engineer placing Batangas’ min eral resources at practically nil. Batan gas stock slid down the stock exchange board as though it were a greased pole. Brokers criticised the Exchange severely at that time for releasing such informa tion on the ground that the survey by the Bureau of Mines was hasty and inadequate, and also on the general ground that pub licity of this kind usually results in the innocent investor getting caught “holding the bag.” Judge Nepomuceno retorted that his of fice would always release information, good or bad, as soon as it was available, re gardless of its possible effect on the stock market. The judge believes that he should do this as a matter of policy. The Commission has announced that its activities thus far are but a prelude to an intensive drive to clean house. Mining companies which are patently “skin games” are to be exposed. Any promoters, direc tors, officers and others guilty of crime are to be prosecuted. Liquidation of such companies is to be forced, and the return of remaining funds (if any) to stockholders is to be expedited. Simultaneously, the Bureau of Mines is reported to be conducting a complementary investigation into the mineralization, or lack of it, of many mining companies. So far, its engineers have been active in Camarines Norte, and the investigation will be extended into other mining districts. The investigation is expected to reveal which companies have not yet begun devel opment work, or have done development work in a slovenly, wasteful manner. AVERAGE METAL PRICES FOR OCTOBER, 1937 (By United Press) (Continued from page J6) COPPER TIN Gain or Loss from Sept. Gain or Loss from Sept. New York, Striats .. 51.654 - 7.021 London, Standard Spot ....................... 223.869 - 35.074 OTHER METALS Gold, per oz., U. S. price....................... $35,000 Unchanged Quicksilver, per flask $86,140 - 2.880 Antimony, domestic . 16.935 + 0.380 Platinum, refined, per oz............................. $48,560 - 2.440 Cadmium ................. 142.500 Unchanged Aluminum, 99 + •'/< per cent ....................... 20.000 Unchanged Electrolytic, Domestic refinery ................. Electrolytic, Export, 11.838 - 1.692 refinery ................. 11.207 - 1.777 London, Standard .. . 45.384 ■ 7.605 London, Electrolytic, bid ........................ 50.619 8.347 LEAD New York ............... 5.740 0.660 St. Louis ................. 5.590 0.660 London, Spot ........... 18.259 2.731 London, Forward ... 18.318 - 2.726 SILVER & STERLING EXCHANGE Silver, New York per oz...................... Silver, London, pence 44.750 Unchanged per oz..................... Sterling Exchange, “checks” ............... 19.942 + 0.053 495.395 0.250 ZINC St. Louis ................. 6.085 - 1.105 London, Spot ........... 17.722 3.684 London, Forward ... 17.955 - 3.652 Bureau of Mines reports will be turned over to the SEC for appropriate action. ■These activities are regarded as salutary by all businessmen, private individuals and brokers. There is no doubt that, if liquida tion of these wildcat companies could be forced, a veritable flood of money would be released into other channels. This might well be the needed spark to revive activity in the stock market, since thousands of CHROMIUM Chromium, 97'+, per pound ..................... 85.000 Unchanged MANGANESE ORE 52 to 557, c.i.f. At lantic ports ......... 44.000 + 4.000 (Domestic quotations, unless otherwise stated, are in cents per pound. London averages for copper, lead, zinc, and tin are in pounds sterling per long ton. Ster ling exchange, checks, is in cents. New York silver is for foreign metal.) CHICAGO PNEUMATIC TOOL COMPANY LIGHT MITCHELL DIAMOND DRILLS "... I am pleased to say that your Light Mitchell Diamond Drill is proving an out standing success. We use it to test short range ore possibilities and rock conditions, and to develop water. It has save much fruitless cross-cutting and enabled us to plan our development work to better ad vantage. We now consider a drill of this type as indispensable and we are highly satisfied with the drill, itself." The abo^e is typical of the many letters received from satisfied users of Chicago Pneumatic Tool Company Light Mitchell Diamond Drills. No. 11-E Gas Light Mitchell Diamond Drill The advantages of the diamond core drill for mineral prospecting, from the surface or underground, are too well known to re quire discussion, as it yields an exact core of the formations penetrated, in addition to sludge samples. The need for a light, underground ma chine that can be set up and run, when and as convenient—one whose costs are sufficiently low to warrant extensive drilling to test short range ore possibilities and rock conditions, is best answered by the Chicago Pneumatic Light Mitchell Diamond Drills which are in service in numerous representative mines in the United States, Canada, Mexico and the Philippines. Representatives for the Philippine Islands: ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLY COMPANY Engineers — Contractors — Metallurgists — Machinery — Mechanical Supplies Thirteenth and Chicago Streets—Port Area, Manila IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 34 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 people would then have money again invest in securities. But brokers do complain, and strongly, about the activities of the SEC in inves tigating complaints in regard to individual brokers; short selling; pools and manipulati<m, etc. It is argued that the Commis sion has but a limited personnel, and the matter of regulation can best be handled by the stock exchanges themselves. One broker stated his views to the JOURNAL as follows: Brokers realize that they must conduct their business honestly in order to make money. Once the confidence of the public in brokers is lost, both stock exchanges might as well close up shop. Both ex changes have a highly developed machin ery for adjudicating and settling disputes between brokers and their clients, and clamping down on unethical practices by brokers. A study of how this machinery has worked in actual practice indicates that, if anything, the Exchange discipline leans over backward to protect the public. In at least one instance, a quarrel between one of the largest brokerage firms in the city and a client was decided in favor of the client on a technicality, although a partner of the brokerage firm was himself a member of the B >ard of Directors of the Exchange. The merits of that particular case were if anyth.ng on the side of the brokerage house. So it is argued that the Securities and Exchange Commission wi'l have its hands full -with its investigations into fraudulent promotion schemes, without at the same time undertaking to regulate brokers and adjudicate disputes. If the Commission can force liquidation of worthless com panies and release impounded funds, it will be performing a noteworthy service, and to will be doing a very great deal toward restoring normal conditions here. Both Exchanges would probably be will ing, nay, anxious, to provide for representa tion of the Securities and Exchange Com mission on their Boards of Directors and disciplinary committees. A representative of the SEC could watch the Exchanges govern themselves, and even take part in that governing, and only if the Commission were satisfied that the Exchanges were doing a poor job would it be necessary for it to step in. This step would release some of the SEC personnel for duty in investigating the affairs of “get-rich-quick” mining com panies. QUARREL CONTINUES: Newspaper advertisements this month continue the dispute in the Zambales Chromite manage ment. This quarrel began on March 2 of this year, when a stockholders’ meeting was held and a group of men consisting of B. H. Silen, Sam Wilson, J. George, S. S. Schier and P. Rivera were elected to the board of directors. Leon Rosenthal, then president, contested the validity of this election on the ground that no quorum was obtained at the stockholders’ meeting. Frederick Stevens, well-known Manila businessman, and G. P. Nava, general man ager of the Union Management Company, a mine management organization in which Mr. Singson-Encarnacion, potent life in surance executive and financier is inter ested, joined with Mr. Rosenthal in a suit (Case No. 51014) in the Manila Court of First Instance, to declare this election void. They obtained a preliminary injunction, which was recently voided by the Supreme Court on jurisdictional grounds. The case is still pending for decision in the lower court. The Union Management Company had a management and development contract with the Zambales Chromite company. Mr. Silen and associates announced early this month that this contract will not be recognized by them, and that they would take over the operation of the property themselves. This information was contained in a paid ad vertisement appearing in all of the news papers. Union Management countered with a suit in the Manila Court of First Instance ask ing for an injunction against the Silen group, enjoining them from interfering with the Union Management activities on the property of the Zambales Chromite company. The suit asked for a preliminary injunction until a decision could be had on the request for a permanent injunction. By putting up a bond, Union Management got its preliminary injunction. (This is the usual thing, and the granting of a preliminary injunction under these circum stances is not a decision as to the merits of a case). In paid advertisements, Union Manage ment, under the signature of Salvador Aianeta, of the potent legal firm of Araneta, Zaragoza and Araneta, defied the Silen group to do its worst. The fight goes on. ASSOCIATED MINES, INC.—According to the annual report of this company, it has P477,500.00 in cash, besides P115,645.00 in uncollected subscriptions and other as sets. Manuel Arroyo is the president and general manager of the company. The firm’s mining engineer has recommended the purchase of a great deal of mining equipment, in order to carry on develop ment work rapidly and efficiently. (P'ease turn to page -id) Du Pont DYNAMITE CAPS FUSE Stocks in Manila for Immediate Shipment Indent Orders Accepted for Future Delivery SMITH, BELL & CO., LTD. A g e n t x Cebu — MANILA — Iloilo List Local . . . (Continued from page 2!t) Short selling is permitted, under restrictions. In order to sell short in the States, stock may be sold not below the previous quotation and all long stock must be disposed of before short stock is permitted in the market. The sale must be so stated at the time as being short. The word “short”, because of an almost universal misunder standing of its operation, is a bad, bad word and the fact that its permissibility in the States might unfavor ably influence prices here I believe was another objection. MAS I II Manganese Ore or Developed Manganese Claims n. Z. IFTFIS l i rsr 2-34-89 tAHAMIIC liLIG. LV RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 35 Copper and Lead Pull All Metal Prices Downward * Disappointing industrial and financial news causes lack of consumer buying interest during October (By the United Press) NEW YORK, Nov. 16—Disappoint ing financial news and the lack oi buying interest among consumers of non-ferrous metals due to the gen eral uncertainty caused a general decline in all metal prices during October and the early days of No vember, according to the monthly summary of the magazine Metal and Mineral Markets. Copper and lead prices featured the decline on domestic markets. London quotations broke sharply, not so much on news from this side of the Atlantic as on the unfavorable trend in European politics. Considerable readjustment in prod uction was expected in some quart ers to effect a stabilization of the copper and lead market during the closing weeks of the year. Domestic sales of copper for Octo ber came to only 23,238 tons as com pared with 28,936 tons in September. Sales outside of the United States by producers reporting to the Cartel amounted to 97,000 tons in October, against 72,000 tons in September. The committee representing the foreign group is keeping the position of copper continually under review, according to Sir Auckland Geddes, who addressed stockholders of Rhokana Copper in London a few days ago. He holds that increase in stocks of copper so far accomplished is by no means dangerous and a further increase in the supply on hand might be advisable in event a sudden buying wave should come. Declining prices in London and little business in the domestic lead market brought another decline dur ing October. Demand was mostly for prompt metal, owing to continued apprehension over the business out look. Lead shipments to consumers during October amounted to about 40,000 tons, according to some esti mates. An increase in stocks is ex pected. Total lead stocks at United States smelters and refiners on October 1 amounted to 171,146 tons, against 179,396 tons a month previous and 293,506 tons a year ago, according 20 cbft. Sloping door type 20 cbft. square box type Used and Approved by Philippine Mines. KOPPEL (PHILIPPINES) INCORPORATED MANILA ILOILO 75 Dasmarinas Muelle Loney to the American Bureau of Metal Statistics. Sales of zinc were few and far be tween during October. Most sellers were not disposed to force business under prevailing dull marketing con ditions. Zinc concentrate was reAround Dump Mine Car, Improved Matheson Type, 18" gauge, with Special Dust-Proof and Fully En closed Benguet/Balatoc Type Running Gear with Extra-Heavy Cast Steel Wheels and genuine Hyatt Roller Bearings 1 " x 4". 11 cbft. sloping door type Gompliments of the EL DORADO OIL WORKS N A T I O N A L CITY BANK BLDG. M ANIL A IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 36 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 duced in price in the Tri-State dis trict, bringing the quotation in line with the current market for the metal. Official figures on imports of slab zinc into the United States for September show that 14,741 tons arrived as compared with 3,960 tons in August. Business in tin continued dull both here and abroad with quotations mak ing new lows for the movement. Straits tin declined to 46 cents on New York last week. Favorable statistics for October showing a de cline in stocks and the recent an nouncement of probable curtailment in first-quarter production by the International Tin Committee failed to bolster confidence in a thin mar ket. United States deliveries during October were 8,210 tons, against 8,245 tons in September. Total deliveries for the 10-month period totaled 73,450 tons, compared with 61,730 tons in the same period last year. The world’s visible supply of tin at the end of October, including the Straits and Arnhem carry-overs, was 22,864 tons, against 23,014 tons in September. Business in quicksilver was slow and prices sagged slightly. The market abroad remains unsettled, owing to the decline in other metals. The silver market in London has been quiet and steady, with little change in price. Speculators bought and sold. The New York official market has remained quiet and un changed at 44% cents. (Please turn to page .!■!) Culled from ... (Continued from pa.ge 44) PARACALE-MAPALAD APPROVED I'OR LISTING.—This company reports that its application for listing on the In ternational Stock Exchange has been ap proved by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Pomeroy C. Merrill is its mining engineer. He reports to the board of directors that he has driven 11 tunnels, 415 feet long, and 25 trenches of 556 cubic meters, on the three groups of the com pany’s property. His program includes timbering and extending a shaft as deep as possible with hand methods into bed rock, and then driving a short cross-cut northcast and southwest to find the exten sion of a vein. OCTOBER, 1937, GOLD PRODUCTION Authorized Par Issued V alue and of Shares Subscribed Ambassador ............ Pl,250,000.00 P0.10 P 599,265.85 Antamok .................... 3,000,000.00 0.10 2,750,000.00 Atok Gold ............... 1,000,000.00 0.10 1,000,000.00 Baguio Gold ............. 2,000,000.00 0.10 1,289,000.00 Balatoc Min.............. 6,000,000.00 1.00 6,000,UoU.00 Benguet Con............ 6,000,000.00 1.00 6,000,000.00 Benguet Expl........... 1,500,000.00 0.10 • 500,000.00 Big Wedge ............ 2,000,000.00 0.10 777,692.10 Cal Horr (Ind. Ukab) ..................... ... ..................... Coco Grove ................ 1,500,000.00 0.10 937,500.00 Consolidated Mines . 5,000,000.00 0.01 4,121,046.87 Demonstration . . . 1,000,000.00 0.10 1,000,000.00 East Mindanao ... l,0UU,000.00 0.10 1,000,000.00 Florannie ................ l,0U0,000.00 0.10 800,uuu.U0 Gold Creek ............ 1,000,000.00 0.10 700,000.00 Ipo Gold ................ 1,000,000.00 0.10 799,795.00 llogon ..................... 2,0UO,000.00 0.10 2,000,000.00 IXL Mining ................ 1,500,000.00 0.10 1,500,000.00 Lepanto ...................... 1,750,000.00 0.10 1,050,000.00 Mindanao Mother Marsman ................ 300,000 shs. No Par 1,731,570.00 Masbate Con. 5,000,000.00 0.10 5,000,000.00 North Mindanao .. . 800,000.00 0.10 500,000.00 Northern Mining . . 1,000,000.00 0.10 769,000.00 Phil. Iron .............. 2,400,000.00 p Jq’qq 2,400,000.00 Royal Paracale ... ..................... ... ..................... Salacot Min. 2,400,000.00 0.10 2,400,000.00 San Mauricio ......... 800,000.00 0.10 800,000.00 Suyoc Con. 1,250,000.00 0.10 1,250,060.00 Tambis Gold .... 400,000.00 0.10 309,505.60 Twin Rivers........... 1,000,000.00 0.10 500,00u.00 United Paracale . . 1,100,000.00 0.10 1,100,000.00 559,936.56 261,042.95 Present Daily Capacity Tons Ore Milled Tons Production at $35 an Oz. Recovery per Ton 50 1,268 P 19,222.32 P15.16 750 23,903 455,232.37 19.04 200 6,942 116,764.38 16.82 1,200 37,884 1,067,510.08 28.18 800 31,852 897,918.00 28.19 120 3,570.2 21,355.00 5.98 150 4,163 128,145.16 30.78 150 6,693 135,234.22 20.21 200 9,773.61 149,643.95 15.31 100 3,228 48,600.00 15.06 No Mill 976 16,807.48 17.22 200 6,023 51,696.23 8.58 1,000 29,425 357,754.39 12.16 240 6,771 204,578.17 30.21 300 200 291,353.94 2,000 53,373 200,016.00 3.75 2’,000 No Mill 142 2,683.80 18.90 39,668 158,672.00 4.00 100 25,400.00 200 6,260 36,513.36 5.83 300 5,250 119,113.75 22.69 350 6,389 128,010.07 20.04 1,200 cu. yds. 600 40,139 .36 350 7,962 200,081.70 25.13 Surplus or Reserves Last Dividend Total 1937 Div. to Date Total Dividend 1936 481,896.95 Oct. ’37 P0.02 P0.08 P0.25 95,072.05 June ’37 0.005 0.005 0.01 192,409.88 Sept. Oct. ’37 ’37 C 0.40 Cash 1.05 S-50% Stock 50% ,965,954.34 Sept. ’37 0.25 0.70 1.25 42,756.29 Dec. ’36 0.01 ------ 0.01 617,846.87 ------- ------------ Sept. ’37 0.01 ------ Jan. ’36 24,255.03 Oct. ’37 646.680.43 July ’37 507.457.43 July ’37 2,301,834.33 Apr. ’37 2,301,834.33 ------July ’37 Apr. ’37 Dec. ’3-i Dec. ’36 26,246.06 Dec.’ 36 0.03 0.04 0.0075 ------_ Cash 0.01 5 ’,/0 Stock 3% 0.0075 0.015 0.0125 Cash 0.0125 Stock 50% 0.00 <5 0.015 0.03 0.02 1.25 1.25 5.00 C-2.50 P 0.20 C-7.50 P-0.20 10.00 0.04 0.025 0.04 0.03 0 025 ----- 0.25 CUMMINS DIESEL ENGINES FOR EVERY POWER NEED 100% American Design and Manufacture 30 TO 200 HORSEPOWER We urge you to,—“READ THE RECORDS” Ask for your copy Sales, Service and Spare Parts available in Manila Sole Agents for the Philippines C.M.LOVSTED&rCO. (MANILA) LTD. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL Specify Goodrich RUBBER MECHANICAL GOODS CONVEYOR, ELEVATOR AND TRANSMISSION BELTING, — AIR, WATER, STEAM HOSE OF ALL SIZES,—RUBBER AND RUBBER ASBESTOS PACK INGS—ARMORITE,—ELECTRICIANS’ RUBBER GLOVES,—RUBBER BOOTS AND SHOES,—DREDGE SLEEVES,—FRICTION AND RUBBER TAPE,—MAT TINGS —ETC. The Largest Diversified Rubber Mechanical Goods Stock in Manila. GOODRICH INTERNATIONAL RUBBER COMPANY Goodrich Building 5-69-71 P. O. Box 1482 Corner Canonigo and Penafrancia Tels.: J 5-69-72 PACO, MANILA I 5-69-73 MINES: MANAGEMENT, OPERATION, PROMOTIONS, TECHNICAL ADVICE and CONSULTATIONS, ASSAYING, SURVEYING and GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTING. ALVIR & CO., INC. CONSULTING ENGINEERS FOR THE FOLLOWING ORGANIZATIONS— Antipolo Mining Co. Banban Mining Co. Benguet Bokol Gohl Veins. Inc. Benguet Cold Cave Mines IIiiiick-:Mining Co.. Inc. ( enturj Mining Co. 7. Kabayan I'ree Gohl Mines. S. Kabayan Central Mines, Inc. 9. Luzon Consolidated Mines Co.. Inc. 111. Mainbulao Central Mining Co.. Inc. 11. Mindanao Hamamali Mi Inc. 12. Pacific-San Mauricio Mi Inc. 13. Paracale-I'awig Mines. I I. San Mauricio-Pitisan Mil Co. Ifi. Santo Nino Mining Co. DR. A. D. ALVIR DON VICENTE LOPEZ MR. FREDERIC H. STEVENS MR. J. V. BAGTAS . HON. F. A. DELGADO ATTY. JOSE D. ALVIR OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS: DELGADO & TAnADA President and General Manager Vice-President and Business Manager Director Director Director Secretary-T reasurer rs: PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK 2-29-19 2-33-36 YUTIVO BLDG., MANILA P. O. BOX 849 MANILA RM/’O.VD/.VG /(> l/)\ / A'//s/'M/N/A l’IF.-\Sr MlX'llaX Illi .Mil Rl< A V < 'II.Will' R f 'I < OM \1 li R( I ./(>''RX-\ I The Financial success of your organization depends on your “Key” Man. If he were suddenly taken away, it would be a tremendous loss to you. A “Filipinas” Insurance Policy on the life of your “Key” Man will cover that loss. LET THE FILIPINAS LIFE ASSURANCE CO. PREPARE FOR YOU A PLAN TO FIT YOUR NEEDS. .thVt h ithrtWiZYnZYthYijZi^u7YuaXY.jZI< iuZit'iZYt hi7YuZitjZTl^hYjZYuZY'^YijzYuZYuTYQZ^^ JuZYuZYuZ^’iZYuZYuZYhYt’iZSiZYjZ^iZYuAuZ ZiiZ /.\ HI VnVM.VG /() .\I)\ EKTISF.Mll.X I S I’ll'.WF. MF.X'IIO.X I Hl'. AMFR/CAX CHAMliFR ()!' (OMMFRCR lOl'RXAl JOLRNA Canadian Pacific EMPRESS OP JAPAN EMPRESS OP CAN X DA EMPRESS OE Rl SSI \ EMPRESS OE X S I \ 26.00(1 16.SOO 16.900 39.000 32.250 ■25,200 25.350 Maintaining a I. > r t n i e h 11 \ senile from tile Philippines to the Pacific ('oast. When necessary, connection can he made at Honolulu direct Io San Francisco or I.os Anizeles. \t \ ictoria connection can he made for Seattle and points in the 1 . S. A. \t Aancouser the Empresses dock at the new C. P. R. Pier which adjoins the Canadian Pacific Railway Station. l’ra\el East. \ ia the majestic Canadian Rockies, in clean, cool air-conditioned comfort, the latest tjpe of air-conditioned equipment axailahle on the north American Continent. Ask us about the new low first class, intermediate class and coach class fares to points in Canada, and the U. S. A. Canadian Pacific Telephone^ 2 - 3 6 - 5 6 and 2-36-57 (able Address "(■ A ( A N P A (11 l)a\id. .Manila "Just Right” .for Christmas RATTANARRA Id .'til id It -Cm I 11 r x I'ii rii i I in-' RATTAN PRODUCTS IMIFC. CO... INC. '.’."i I *:i t i,H li I’i-In. \im. Mtuill.'i November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 37 Unrivaled Tourist Attractions of the Philippines to be Advertised to the World - • Philippine Tourist Bureau out to get a proper share of tourist attention for the Philippines. One of the great mysteries to any one who knows the Philippines is the unanimity with which travelers have stayed away. We have here a great, teeming port; the cosmopolitan city of Manila—a treasure house of historical spots standing nearly in tact, and bringing mental pictures of ancient seafarers, Moro pirates, priests burning with zeal for their mission, the scene of the end of Spain’s greatness at the hands of Dewey. Narrow streets lined with dingy, yet romantic shops offering the wares of China, India and Japan are a stone’s throw from the famed Escolta—a modern thoroughfare winding along the banks of the Pasig. The Walled City stands today the same as it did when the Spaniards built it centuries ago, in an efforc to keep out the Chinese, the Japanese, the Dutch and the British, and the fierce Moro raiders who sometimes carried off slaves from the very city gates. Practical Americans saw these walls as a menace to health because they kept out light and air. They wanted to tear the walls down, but somehow satisfied themselves with merely cutting openings in them so the sun and the cooling breezes could get through. They drained the moat and built where the water used to be—of all things—a golf course! But you can see in form of public playgrounds where the moat used to be, and the walls still stand. The city inside the walls remains as it was—a small company of American soldiers now are barracked where ar mored Spaniards recited their no venas in one breath, and cursed the Moros in the next; Commonwealth Government offices now function efficiently where proud represent atives of Spain promulgated their decrees—but the old city is essen tially the same as it was when Dewey first saw it. The United States paid Spain $10,000,000 at the Treaty of Paris for the “improvements” (it was said) which Spain had made in the Philippines. Pragmatic critics assert that this was a gift—Spain made no improvements here. They are mistaken. Ten mil lion dollars is an insignificant figure to pay for the priceless relics of the dim past which Spain left behind her. Governor Murphy, at the sugges tion of Walter Robb, and Dean Ed ward R. Hyde, created the Historical Concrete encouragement to those who hope eventually to see the Philippines get their proper share of tourist attention is contained in newspaper reports that the new Commonwealth budget sets aside 1’100,000 for tourist attraction activities. This sum will be ample for a vigorous program during the year. Add the 1*50,000 appropriation given to the Historical Markers Research Committee for its activ ities in delving into the history of Manila’s historical spots and mark ing them, and we have a sub stantial sum with which to work. Markers Committee, which imme diately set to work to mark conspi cuously some of Manila’s oldest antiquities. President Quezon roared with laughter when he saw the Governor’s order; Murphy had stated what the duties of the Committee were to be with scrupulous exacti tude, but he had' provided no funds with which it could carry out those duties. With ample funds provided by the Commonwealth Government, Offices and of the personnel of the Philippine Tourist Bureau in the Manila Hotel. and now under the chairmanship of Eulogio Rodriguez of the National Library the Committee proceeds with its work. Many of the spots marked are churches, centuries old and lately in bad repair. The old padres noted the markers placed on their edifices, contemplated anew their majestic past, and set about to refurbish the churches. But we are getting away from our story. There is a lot for tourists to see in the Philippines besides Manila. There is Baguio, city of pine trees, corduroyed miners, stock brokers branch offices, picturesque Igorots— and rest. Or, if the tourist does not want to go so far, there is Tagaytay, scene of much building activity just now, with its unrivaled view of two oceans, a volcanic lake, and the city of Manila in the distance. Pagsanhan rapids afford a delightful mem ory. A trip to the Southern Islands does not take long, is cheap, and will never be forgotten. Of recent years, we have witnessed the Dutch attract an ever-increasingflood of tourists to Bali, their tiny island near Java. We are not deny ing that Bali is quite a place, that 38 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 the natives there have a native art and culture which is very charming and distinctive, but we also think that publicity had quite a lot to do with Bali’s present popularity, and that brings us back to the Philippine Tourist Bureau. This organization succeeded the old Philippine Tourist Association about a year ago. It is jointly operated by the Manila Railroad, and the Ma nila Hotel. Manila Railroad and Manila Hotel funds have paid all expenses to date, but the bureau hopes to receive government aid soon, in order better to carry on its activities both here and abroad. Offices of the bureau are in the Manila Hotel. Francisco Limjap is in charge, and is assisted by a corps of trained travel people. The purposes of the Philippine Tourist Bureau are quite simply stated—to bring the Philippines to the attention of tourists. To accom Since their introduction both the Rolleiflex and Rolleicord have always had parallax compensation. Right from the earliest models the finder lens, the taking lens and the reflex mirror were built to work in conjunction with one another so that what you see on the focussing screen you get on the finished print. This, however, is only one of the numerous advantages of owning a Rolleiflex. Others are economy—12 exposures on 3*4 x 2% 8-exposure roll film for 1/-, Id. a shot. Versatility—accessories are available for plates and 35-mm. cine film, so that when you possess a Rolleiflex you really possess three cameras in one. Other accessories make it still more ver satile. Guarantee.—Every Rolleiflex is sold with a printed guarantee of mechanical and optical perfection. CAM K R A HUPP I. V CO. 138 Escolta. Manila Sole Distributor. fl plish this, it plans to do several things. First, a staff of tourist guides must be trained. These guides must know the city of Manila, and must be versed in the art of taking parties of tourists about, and educating them in Ma nila’s past and present without at the same time boring them. Official badges will identify these guides, and will serve as the tourists’ guarantee that the men wearing them are re liable, and know their business. The second object of the bureau is related to the first, and has to do with shops. All tourists want to shop wherever they go. But they don’t want to be charged stiff prices for what they buy, or be sold inferior articles. The bureau intends to see that this does not happen by warn ing all shops that any unfair dealing with tourists will result in the offend ing shops being taken off the bureau’s list, and losing tourist trade. YOU GET WHAT YOU SEE WITH THE (Rolleiflex BECAUSE COMPENSATION The third object has to do with the frequently-heard objection of tourists that scenic spots near Manila Hotel will have little or no accommodation for travelers. The Manila Hotel will build small hostelries at various places in the archipelago, and will manage these hotels itself. Land has already been purchased at Tagaytay, where a small hotel will be erected. As to advertising the Islands’ at tractions—the bureau feels that a pleased tourist is the best advertise ment, but it will supplement its ef forts to please tourists here with a vigorous advertising campaign in travel magazines and with folders and advertisements abroad. Efforts will be made to hold international gather ings here in Manila. Results are expected to be slow at first, but even tually the bureau hopes that its efforts will bring results in the form of an ever-increasing stream of tra velers to the Philippines. The Philippine Tourist Bureau em phasizes that it does not exist to serve any person or group, but the entire Philippines. Its offices are located in the Manila Hotel for convenience only. Its activities are being carried on, and will be carried on for every one’s benefit. The bureau welcomes suggestions as to how it can better accomplish its avowed purpose—to secure for the Philippines their proper share of tourist attention. Mr. Mendoza of the Manila Hotel told the Journal that the bureau hopes to send one or two representatives abroad soon. The idea is that per sonal contact with tourist organiza tions abroad will do more to boost Philippine travel than anything else. The representatives will distribute posters, pamphlets and other litera ture anent the Philippines in the places they visit. • • PLAZA LUNCH • • Air Conditioned — Quick Service Dealers in Magazines, News Papers, Postcards, Cigars, Cigarettes, Pipes and Cigarette Holders. Good American and European Food Prepared Hygienically, and at Moderate Prices. FRED HARDEN, Prop. TELEPHONE 2-18-12 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 39 Pagsanjan: At the End of a Perfect Road It seems in general to be the case in the Philippines that motor-car trips are made at too high speed. There seems too to be an obvious ex planation of this circumstance in the fact that motor cars are imported, and along with them motoring cus toms: there are certainly many roads in parts of the United States—desert and not nearly so well adorned by nature as this part universally is— whose chief charm is in their ter minals. Such roads have the great virtue of ending, and commonly in some attractive city; and the aim therefore of the motorist is to put the road behind him and the city around him—the city to obliterate haunting unpleasant impressions, and a good warm bath to remove the desert grime. Such dismal travel induces the motorist, quite naturally, to speed from the gaunt and repelling embrace of the outdoors into the comparatively genial atmosphere of crowded city traffic and conventional if artificial comforts common to ur ban communities. Through Nebraska, across the wid^ Dakotas or the weltering California valleys... speed'. Perhaps such circumstances, kin to the excitement of actually passing through Peoria or Marshalltown, have largely contributed to the exotic phases of our insular motor habits. Motor-car manufacturers brag co piously of the speed per hour their machines can make, and drivers be come either famous or notorius wear ing huge-cushioned tires off the cars in speed contests. Owners almost unconsciously become amateur com petitors; and anyway, it is almost definitely an attribute of the age... speed. When there is still reserve power under the hood, like mettle in a thoroughbred animal, the constant temptation is to bring it out and put it on exhibition... speed. When you have made the other chap eat your dust, you have demonstrated supe riority over his lumbering old wagon. These motor necessities and conve niences of today, we must remember, were the rare and expensive luxuries of yesterday. In addition, speed it self is exhilerating. The world speeds, and a motorinoPhilippines joins in the rout with all earnestness. The temptation (for it is nothing less in this environment) is enhanced no doubt by the business men make of motoring from pro vincial points into Manila. At all the little towns and villages where one would naturally incline to linger and lend himself to the beauty all about him, people unfortunately live. As these matchless little places arc their homes, they find them humdrum and flee from them frequently as fast as wheels will turn. The more prom inent of these people, who therefore have the more powerful cars, have Pagsanjan Gorge Manila business errands awaiting them: they speed to appointments with bankers and business asso ciates: in glum impatience they whirl along the hem of the green robe of Mount Makiling; and at a sign posted point in the coco-broidered ruffle they are swished off and down into the valley. The volcano, almost offended, fair ly boots them away from its boun daries, and retires in a dudgeon be hind walls of gray clouds. They have had, in fact, a ride through wonderland; but creatures of the times they are, and they have thought busily through it all of far graver things than winsome landscapes and purling waterfalls tinkling in the rough jungle. The echo of their impatient motor horn answers the mood of the mountain. The enchant ment never dares or deigns to cross the graveled roadside. Quite all right all this; and as suredly the motor car more than the fountain pen and the pullman sleeper is the respectable servitor of com merce. It is no undignified world that is commercial, and all the world is commercial... at times. By per fecting commerce it is learning, too, to take leisure from commerce, by which deduction we begin to ap proach our particular objective. This objective is simply that our Philip pine roads, save those of the Luzon valley in summer, when the stubble is parched, are quite too beautiful in themselves and too delightfully en vironed to be skimmed over in a maze of motor speed and machine rumble. For instance, who would speed through Ireland? Yet even Ireland does not offer the traveler any na tural beauty excelling that of the Philippines. This may explain some thing of what is meant. Still, too much loitering is as intemperate as too great haste: as it was the inten tion in this paper to motor to Pag sanjan Falls and back to Manila for late supper, it were as well to get really underway. The fifteen kilometers out through Malate, Pasay, Las Pinas and all the group of bayshore places will not be rich at all in appearance or quaint ness— “The great road from the city Goes sweeping on its way, And there is traffic in it, ' And many a horse and cart—” But at Las Pinas, at a challengin'' sign, “The Forks Hotel,” the road leaves the shore and pushes toward the country— “. . . The little roads of Brefny Are quiet all the day. And the little roads of Brefny Arc dearer to my heart.” If one will delve into the legends and folklore of the region we are now passing, on a gray smooth road 40 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 that leads into the mountains, he shall discover stories equal in fancy and fable to those the poet limned in Irish Brefny. Elevation increases rapidly; the driver shifts gears. .. up, up, steadily, and then around a turn and downward, quickly, brakes on, hand steady at the wheel, and very neatly pulling up at the plaza of San Pablo. From San Pablo into Pagsanjan, San Pablo being halfway point, landscape, lake-view, mountain, val ley and cloud and sky will be the same, only more so. And not so much will be seen and sensed going up as to eliminate all thrills coming down. Best of all, homeward, will be one of those sudden, apparently dreadful but really harmless moods of Philippine climate: a bank of clouds rolling up to hide the moon, baleful in shadow, and torrents of rain deluding grove and slope and ledge. Sit quietly back in the car (the Filipino is a trustworthy driver), and note the lightning flashes laying out piecemeal the sil very way ahead, between the storm bent palms. It’s downgrade too, mostly: “there’s a long, long way awinding into the land of. .. dreams.” The reason we went to Pagsanjan was to lunch at a quaint inn, enjoy fried chicken country style, bamboo shoot salad, perhaps a Chinese dish or two, learn that the town has sent more young men and women to Amer ican universities than any other town in the Philippines outside of Manila, that it has always, for centuries, been a resort, and also to experience the reason for this—maneuver, that is. the rapids up to the falls—first or second at your choice and shoot them on the way down to the landing again. Pagsanjan Falls can be briefly defined as a bucolic poem. In these tumb ling waters and in the gorge itself the utter wildness of nature in the tropics is succinct, but rather beyond ordinary description. The native name for the falls is prettier, reveal ing also their poetic perception. They call these falls Taloncj Talahib, because covering- the prairies at the head of the falls, flanking the banks of the Pagsanjan river, are broad fields of pampas for which their name is talahib. In bloom each blade of this rank growth bears a wand like flower silver in hue, or catching the gray of the nun-hooded moun tains, perhaps. In the lightest breeze the bloom assumes an aspen motion. Upon a moonlit night a talahib field is nothing less than a troop of dis ciplined fairies executing silently a constant hosanna. A storm bows every head very low, and the flood piles mean debris about the roots; but in the morning, once more all is bright, fresh, full of an unspoken, scarce hinted seduction. A laughing herdboy plucks off a talahib wand as he trails his languid drove of carabaos off to the grazing plots, and cocks it into the band of his hat to give himself an air and follow some heroic endeavor of a herdboy’s imagination. A foot too ambitious at the gas deprives the traveler in the Philippines of a great deal of that of which, elsewhere in a land of like loveliness, he would not tolerate the sacrifice. There are no mean unpleasant as pects to the Philippines outdoors, but every new prospect on every winding road is highly pleasing. The thatched hut sheltered by a bamboo clump, or in the midst of a coconut planting, simply belongs. Its neutral brown and weathered colors blend and har monize with whatever makes up the whole scene. It is a great mistake for tourists or ordinary travelers to hasten their itineraries in these is lands, which offer to the senses, to the soul, so much more than other places in the Far East. The thing to do is to determine upon a large leisure for any contemplated motor trip in the islands, and shorten the distances accordingly if necessary. Pleasure is enhanced immeasurably by contact with the people. This outline of the trip to Pagsanjan and the compensations of a perfect road is intended secondarily as a criterion for Philippine motor travel. Some invaluable reward, it is again em This ladg can still smile while shooting Pagsanjan rapids in a frail banco. phasized, flows from every contact with the people, the hospitable peas antry. On the return trip our tire puncture happened at Binan. Fig ures strolled up through the twilight and merged into men and children willing to be of assistance. This was not required, but they answered ques tions. It was learned that general contentment prevailed because an un usually large rice crop was assured, that this rice crop was customarily divided equally between landlord and tenant, that the riches of the landlords were depended upon by the tenants, who during off seasons bor rowed on the credit of the coming crop. The landlords were very reason able (such is the naivete of the peas ant folk!), only requiring a peso and a half at harvest time in return for a peso loaned. as much as three or four months before. The compensations of an old com munity with a settled culture kept young men from migrating to home stead regions... Now a new tire was on, and we drove on into town, thus ending a perfect day. Station K.ZIB... (Continued from page 5H) ist. Prof. Heinman discusses art in an informal and entertaining way, and, at the same time, gives short instructions to the radio audience in drawing a picture. List eners draw as he talks, and send in their results to him for judging. The profes sor awards prizes to the best drawings. “The Heacock Shopping Review,” on the air every morning at 8:00 o’clock, gives timely hints to the busy housewife on gifts, fashions, and home needs. November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 41 ORGANIZED TO PROMOTE TRAVEL TO AND IJV THE PHILIPPINES • FREE TRAVEL INFORMATION • COURTEOUS WELL TRAINED GUIDES •CITV DRIVES •PROVINCIAL TRIPS • SOUTHERN ISLAND CRUISES • STEAMER AND HOTEL RESERVATIONS THE PHILIPPINE TOURIST BUREAU (OPERATED JOINTLY BY THE MANILA RAILROAD COMPANY AND THE MANILA HOTEL COMPANY) Francisco Limjap Superintendent Nilo Aragon Chief Clerk Main Office: MANILA HOTEL, Manila, P. I. CABLE ADDRESS: TELEPHONE: “MANHOCO” 2-20-22 Manila INctiel "The Aristocrat of the Orient" PREFERRED by world travelers because of its luxurious ap pointments and culinary excellence, the Manila Hotel enjoys the patronage of the elite, both local and foreign. In the air-conditioned rooms and suites of the new Manila Hotel Addition one lives in the crisp, cool, invigorating at mosphere of temperate climates at their best. SPECIAL FEATURES The suites in the new air-conditioned addition are de luxe, period and modern in style, furnishings and decoration: Spanish Louis XVI Old English Filipino Chinese Modernistic Nco-Classic American Colonial Ultra-Modern. OTHER ATTRACTIONS Air-conditioned Grand Banquet Hall and Ballroom. Dao Room and Oak Room for private parties. Continental Bar 19th Hole Bar Cocktail Lounge Open-air Dancing Pavilion Swimming Pool (under construction) Situated on a reserve property of some three hectares, with Burnham Green as a background: facing the historic I.uneta on the south, gorgeous Manila Bay on the west, the old Span ish Walled City on the north, and Modern Manila on the east the location is incomparable: a setting hardly to be found in other world ports. Ml A A II IL A IN CT IE IL Cable Address: MANHOCO, Manila IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 42 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 Archbishop of Manila On May 19, 1571, Adelantado D. Miguel Lopez de Legaspi conquered and took possession of Manila in the name of His Majesty the King. On June 24 of the same year he built it into a City and Capital of the Phil ippine Islands, founding at the same time a parochial church which seven years afterwards, in 1578, was raised to the Dignity of Cathedral by the Brief of Pope Gregory XIII at the instance of His Majesty King Philip II. In September of 1581 its first bishop came to the Islands, the Very Illustrious Father Domingo de Sa lazar of the order of Preachers, and on December 21 of the same year he solemnly built the Parochial Church of Manila into an auxiliary Cathedral of Mexico, dedicated to the Imma culate of the Holy Virgin; conferred benefices and offices, and made con stitutions for the administration of his Church. In 1591 Bishop Salazar went to Spain in order to take up with the Court some important business per taining to his new Diocese, and pro mote its division which was obtained by King Philip II from his Holiness Pope Clement VIII by the Brief of August 14, 1595 establishing the Archbishop See of the Philippine Is lands, and creating three auxiliary dioceses which are those of Nueva Segovia, Nueva Caceres and Cebu, subsequently dividing the last one in two; that of Jaro was established by the Brief of his Holiness Pius IX on May 27, 1865. His Majesty pres ented as Archbishop the same Most Illustrious Salazar who died in Ma drid before the papal bull was sent to him. Afterwards, as first Archbishop was presented the Most Illustrious Father Ignacio de Santibanez, of the order of St. Francis, who was con secrated in the year 1596, and took possession of his Archbishopric on May 28, 1598; and immediately es tablished this Diocese as See and as its auxiliaries the three above men tioned of Nueva Segovia, Nueva Ca ceres and Cebu in virtue of the said Brief of Clement VIII. In establishing the Cathedral of Manila the Most Illustrious Salazar appointed for his service 27 benefices divided into five offices, ten canons, six prebends and six half-prebends, besides six chaplains, six acolytes or assistants, principal sexton, organist, verger and beadle. Though, accord ing to regulations, the benefices should have been 27, this number was never completed, as it could not be permitted by the condition of the Treasury. Since the beginning, the five offices were created by degrees, four canons, two prebends and two half-prebends; and some years after wards a canon was abolished, reduc ing the number of prebends to twelve until the year 1854 when, by Royal Order of August 18 of the previous year, there were added two canons, two prebends and two half-prebends. By the sixth article of the Royal Vagabond Vacationing (The Jouhnai. herewith reprints an excellent article by Larry Nixon appearing in the "Readers’ Digest” for October, extolling the virtues of travel by freighter. To those who have never travelled this way, the article will open new possibilities in enjoyment.—A'd.J decree of October 8, 1872 the abolition of six prebends was ordered. While they were being vacated and by another Royal decree of February 23, 1875, the former decree was abolished, ordering the reinstatement of the same prebends, and on the 26th of the same month and year reestablishing the only two which became vacant, so that at this time the See counts with eighteen pre bends. PALACE OF THE ARCHBIS HOP—Opposite the southern corner of the Palace of the Governor on Arzobispo Street is found the palace which names the street. It is a building of some 3,000 square varas, good and comfortable for the home of the Archbishop, his secretary and attendants,—although of poor ap pearance, still identified from the outside that it has been formed from two houses, one higher than the other,—an imperfection which is per petuated outside and defaces its as pect, in spite of the fact that it is not noticed inside. The part that looks toward the sea is cool and rest ful, usually preferred by the Arch bishops for their quarters. On the mezzanine are the offices of the sec retary and provisor, some to the right and others to the left. On the upper part is a chapel for the cele bration of the sacrament of ordina tion and other spiritual exercises, and very good assembly rooms. (Diccionario Geograiico-EstadisticoIiistdrico de las Islas Filipinos per Buzeta y Bravo, vol. 2, folio 222.) Voyaging down to Rio and the far ports these days as staying at home. . You can of the world has become almost as cheap toui’ the globe for $4 a day and the ship /V RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 43 is practically your private yatch. Every day from American shores some freighter sails for romantic-sounding places bearing vacationers who in increasing numbers are discovering the pleasures of tramp trips, in fast clean vessels that go everywhere— Samarang, Sumatra, Singapore, Jaffa, Beirut. Twice a month one line alone sends a boat on a cruise of the world. Once, only friends of the owners were permitted to travel on freighters, but now practically every cargo carrier can take care of a few passengers. You may be one of the three customers aboard the Norwe gian motor vessel Bronxville, Boston to Manila; or one of the dozen aboard the ► rest Mahwun, Oregon to Brazil—but what ever the ship you're on, it's your ship; you belong. As a paying guest, you tra vel with the officers, eat in the officers’ din ing saloon, lounge in their smoking room, walk and talk with them on deck. You are welcome in the engine room; and if you are aboard a world-cruising British boat, you can sit in the navigation school with the cadets who are studying to be officers. Your outside stateroom was built with out worry about space and is likely to be larger than one you would get on a trans atlantic liner. Many have beds instead of bunks, and windows instead of portholes. The deck space set aside for recreation is more than sufficient, and the captain often provides a canvas swimming pool over one of the cargo hatches. Under the bridge there’s a spot to sling a hammock—sleep ing outdoors in the tropics is a real ex perience. Most of the pests of ocean travel are missing. Invalids and infants, and the talkative aged, stay home, because there’s rarely a doctor on-board. (But the cap tain has his medicine chest, and the wire less is available for emergency advice.) Your fellow-passengers are likely to be in teresting people with leisure—writers, col lege professors, wives and daughters of plantation owners, perhaps an aviation me chanic accompanying planes to foreign lands. Foreign freighters are truly foreign. On a Dutch boat you’ll get Dutch food; on a Japanese ship you’ll find the Japanese meals far superior to the chef’s idea of Amer This honest merchantman and others like it will take you anywhere with a King’s comfort and a troubador’s freedom. ican cooking—and, in either case, it will be better than you could get at a resort hotel for the same cost. It’s easy to learn a new language when it is the common me dium of speech of those around you for 30 or 40 days. Freighter passengers make shore excur sions at harbors not listed in the family atlas. Few people land on the Ivory Coast and the Gold Coast, but on the S.S. Zarembo you're truly vagabonding and may find yourself, “if cargo offers,' at Bata or Rio Benito or some other port you never expected to see. On shore, you come to town sans ceremony—no screaming guides, no frantic rush to cover a fixed itinerary. You can enjoy a leisurely visit accom panied by the officers off duty or the fa mily of the local agent of the line. There’ll be no flood of cruise trippers to send shop prices skyrocketing. Merchants know that the ship will be back and don’t try to gyp the officers. You can book your trip—for six days or six months, at from three to four dol lars a day through a travel agent or one of the three or four specialist bureaus: Tramp Trips or Vagabond Voyages in New York, Freight Boat Travel Service in Los Angeles, or General Steamship Company in several Pacific Coast cities. Viking voy ages, a New York' travel agency, lists 78 different freighter services out of New iork harbor, all carrying passengers. Twenty routes are available from New Orleans, and there’s even one from Milwaukee! Or you may work out your own trip without benefit of agent. Watch the snip ping lists in the port city newspapers, and make arrangements with the line’s agent to inspect the vessel of your choice when she’s in port. You’ll meet the officers and probably have tea or cocktails or even a meal on board with them. The odds are you’ll meet some ex-passengers, for they are a loyal crew and never a freighter makes port but the officers invite their freinds down for a visit. Inspect the ac commodations, talk to the steward, look at other ships if you can resist the tales her officers and friends tell of this one. Eventually you’ll find your ship—and you’re off on a journey that offers all the joy of exploration and all the informality of a country vacation. Here’s how to get Manila’s! Genuine Manila Long Filler Cigars in cellophane are obtain able in your city or nearby! Philippine Tobacco Agent: List of Distri butors furnished upon re quest to— C. A. Bond 15 Williams Street, New York City Collector of Internal Revenue Manila, P. 1. M A N I L A S made under sanitary conditions will satisfy your taste! (Health Bulletin No. 28) Rules and Regulations for the Sanitary Control of the Factories of Tobacco Products. “Section 15. Insanitary Acts.— No person engaged in the handling, preparation, processing, manufacture, or packing of tobacco product or supervising such employment, shall perform, cause, permit, or suffer to be permitted, any insanitary act during such employment, nor shall any such person touch or contaminate any tobacco products with filthy hands or permit the same to be brought into contact with the tongue or lips, or use saliva, impure water, or other unwholesome substances as a moist ening agent;...”. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 44 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 19 37 Motoring to Lukban: A Hundred Miles of Wayside Beauty We entered upon our trip to Luk ban with the greatest avidity. First, we found that it was just a hundred miles from Manila: three bewitching hours, then, of motoring with a Phil ippine morning all about one, and from valley to mountainside, with not only Philippine topography, but the very seasons, a year itself, passing in miniature. The calendar would be, as indeed it proved, as contorted and folded up as the vales and dells and hills and crumpled ranges lorded over in the grand manner by Mount Cristobal, Mount Makiling and Mount Banahaw. At Calamba, the peasants would be harvesting; the fields of yellow rice would appear to the traveler’s swift glance as if shadowed brightly with an animated rainbow, indus trially employed; and farther on, the rice would be full headed but still green; and farther on, it would be halfgrown only, wantonly spreading its leaves to the sun while hurrying gurgles of water through many ditches kept dampening the silt at its roots and retrieving its ill judg ment about sunlight-; and farther on still, though seemingly not much farther than across the road, the peasants would all be in scant rai ment, as gray and dreary as the fields of muck into which they would be sticking myriad slender green seed lings—from a pale, thickly studded bed, with a field boss brooding over the efforts of busy children, and a moody carabao standing by to haul the seedlings to the planters by the cart-load. Where it was planting time, it would be showery; but we should soon leave it all behind, and be in the midst of the hills, the corridors of the lordly volcanoes, mansions of the ancient gods. If the gods were kind, there would be no storm; if not, we should hear the rustle of storm racing madcap-manner through the palms. The meaner moods of the mountain gods are never prolonged: the more irascible ones are quickly overawed by the holy hosts of Bathala, god of gods as well as men. Bathala, too, liberally rewards for tasks well done, or obligations du tifully performed: culture, of a real sort, aids dexterity in the planting of these rows of rice, with geometric exactitude—with no sort of measure employed, only the swift accuracy of the peasant eye. The rhythm of music is in such souls: they may, indeed, be planting to the soft, enchanting melody of a kundiman. We should see the matandang bulag— an old blind musician—comfortably seated on the dike, round the field where the planters were busy, play ing the lively folk tunes on a guitar that suffers somewhat from asthma on account of the gusty weather, sweeping occasional wisps of rain under the edge of a big blue umbrella, which, poised high overhead in the natural socket of a bamboo stake cut off between joints, serves the man as a sufficient protection. Accompanying the blind old min strel thus quaintly engaged in re counting to the present toiling gene ration the folk sagas come down from antiquity, we should see a little brown lad, in trousers and naught else; or we should perhaps see a bare-limbed little girl, having only a faded calico camisa sola—though always a cheap handkerchief of some dubious texture beside, which will prove a light pro tection to the throat when the breeze cools with the evening, and will af ford that necessary covering for the head of girl or woman when at their devotionals in the village chapel or the town cathedral. No one so lowly, be very sure, as not to value a proper decorum. Where harvesting was in progress and the merry reapers had credit to command, there we would see tem porary cloth markets improvised from bamboos and palm shades. Fronts of these little stalls for the harvest-field trade would be so ar ranged as to lower upon rattan-thong hinges and fit, quite snugly, too, into the cupped-out tops of stubby bam boo stakes and thus form a bench where prospective customers might examine at ease the meager wares the tiny shops would offer; a gala assortment of cheap imported calico prints with many figures in red and yellow and green. Silk tapises— from Baliuag, which are aprons made conventional by tribal inheritance and without which it is immodest to go in public; and besides these silks and calicoes, jusi and pina and sinamay camisas and pahuelos. Waists and kerchiefs hand-loomed from hemp and silk fiber, jusi; or pineap ple and silk fiber, piha; or hemp fiber alone, skillfully macerated and dyed, which is the ordinary sinamay that, as the whim of western fashion changes, sells on occasion at premium prices to Paris milliners for confect ing costly chapeaux. Here we see it serving peasant girls for costumes good enough for any public occasion—making into both waist and skirt, or either, and billowing and rustling with the graceful sway of the body as a' proper material for feminine wear should. Few places in the world can be more worth beholding, more filling to the eye. It is the Laguna-Tayabas coconut region, without rival in all the Indies, East or West. It embraces the easy slopes of a piedmont terrain (the war-engrafted term seems to be littoral, but we don’t fancy it), and far away into the hovering clouds, the steeper, more elevated slopes of great volcanic peaks, all now as dead within as Vulcan and the popular memory of him, and as alive without as an ideal climate and deep ash-loam can make them. The road is coral-surfaced. The reader knows, of course, that the (Please turn to page J,6) IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 45 is everybody’s concern when traveling - THAT IS WHY TRAIN TRAVEL IS PREFERRED IT'S PROVED SAFETY is the main reason. No loss of life of a single passenger in many years. IT'S THE MOST DEPENDABLE, come fair weather or bad, you always get there. Because the Railroad owns its road and regulates traffic thereon. IT'S COMFORTABLE—Good road bed makes possible train speed with even gliding smoothness. You enjoy every minute of your journey. IT HAS MODERN COACHES—Air conditioned coaches make you obliv ious of outside heat, dirt or noise. IT’S ECONOMICAL—Fares are Extremely Low. Yet you are given the utmost in ease and comfort. You save when you buy a railroad ticket. OPERATING BENGUET AUTO LINE and LUZON BUS LINE For Information Write or Call Traffic Department Tel. 4-98-61 Information, Local 42 R. E. Bernabe Chief Clerk Leon M. Lazaga Traffic Manager City Office Tel. 2-31-83 521-23 Dasmarinas Candido Soriano City Agent MANILA RAILROAD COMPANY 943 AZCARRAGA MANILA IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 46 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 193/ Motoring to ... (Continued from page 44) palms with which the slopes are groved are all gray-trunked and green-fronded, with huge clusters of green and saffron nuts nestled in them, whose size in their thick fiber coats is about that of the full moon in ihe cold sky of a temperate-zone winter. What an untoward comparison, too suddenly broached, at the wrong place, at the very point where the reader has joined us in skimming along the salubrious heights of the new tropics, just pleasantly cool, mod BeaUTIFUL SCENERY . . . miles of rushing rivers and placid lakes . . . vast agricultural areas .. . interesting American cities . . . these and other thrilling sights await you on the route of the Northern Pacific Railway. Travel in comfort and luxury on the roller-bearing NORTH COAST LIMITED Completely Air-Conditioned Accommodations to suit every purse—luxurious Standard Pullmans, drawing rooms, compart ments, baths, library, radio, valet and barber service—newest type tourist sleeping cars, and new de luxe reclining chair coaches. “Famously Good” meals in the diner as low as 50c; or luncn tray service in tourist cars and coaches. Through to Chicago daily, leaving Seattle at 9:15 p.m.; arriving Chicago 8:45 a.m. third morning. Northern Pacific representatives meet steam ships at Victoria, Vancouver and Seattle. They Aik about the low One-Way and Round Trip Fares with long limit! and liberal stop-over privilege!. nORTHERn PACIFIC RRILUIRy C. L. TOWNSEND, General Passenger Agent, Smith Tower, Seattle, Washington ern road-building in the Philippines has created. Well, pardon please; but that is about the size of the coconuts—as you will see for yourself when that man who is toe-climbing a palm an hundred feet high, reaches the top and begins tossing the nuts down. . . We can beat the train to the crossing, perhaps; it rumbles along with twenty cars of unhusked nuts billed to the desiccated coconut plant at Candelaria. If we stop for a mo ment’s looking about under the grove beyond the track, then some one will surely come up to us smiling diffi dently, and offer to bolo into an halfwill help you with baggage and make reserva tions to any point in America. L. A. BUCK, Special Passenger Agent Smith Tower, Seattle, Washington A. C. STICKLEY, General Agent 912 Government St., Victoria, B. C. W. F. CARR, General Agent 678 Howe St., Vancouver, B. C. R. J. TOZER, General Agent 657 Market St., Son Francisco, Colif. Let our representatives make your arrange ments for a delightful journey through the American Rockies. ripened nut so we can have the milk. It is refreshing and wholesome; if we drink it—and why not, so as not to offend? The world uses billions of coconuts, the United States most of them, just for soap-making and cake-making and candy-decking. Five hundred thousand a day are trunddled from these groves to some four or five mills that shred and dry the meat for cake making and candy-decking; the mills all ship their entire output to Amer ica, hardly keeping up with the an nual increase in the demand. The making of a fine confection only consumes a fraction of the coco nuts of this region, the larger por tion are dried as we have seen the men drying them, and in the form of copra—which in the tropics is wheat in the mill—are bundled into jute bags and bartered to Chinese gen eral-store men, selling to the buyers for the soap-makers. Coconut meat is more than two-thirds oil. This is the ingredient that makes the soap, and the meal which is left fattens American beef cattle or enriches the milk of prize dairy herds. There are extraction mills in Manila, though most are maintained in connection with the soap factories, as in Cincin nati or Port Sunlight. Thus did at least one great English Lord, Leverhulme, and now his heirs, like his millionaire compeers in America, find the peculiar interest of a thrifty in dustrialist in all that we see about us on the coral road to Lukban. This makes the peasants happy, for it gives them pesos for a harvest that ripens during every month of the year. Since America has been teach ing them industrial ways, they have pesos where they formerly had only pesetas. Before, this road did not exist, nor the railroad either; and instead of trucks and trains to cart the crop away, it was a case of pack ing for dreary miles by pony-back, to some point on Laguna de Bay, and transferring the sweaty stuff there to bancas plying to Manila down the Pasig. Today we see how the rail way has threaded its way through the groves, at least how it appears to have done so. It has really nosed a little ahead of the husbandman, who, wherever it has gone, has followed it up and taken up the land and set out new groves, pushing the jungle farther and farther up the moun tains. The highways connect the planta tions and farms with the villages round about, supplementing the rail(Please turn to page Jt9} IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 47 SAILINGS MANILA to U. S. TRANSPACIFIC 223 Dasmariiias, Manila Courtesy— EVERETT TRAVEL SERVICE Tel. 4-98-91 For Rates See Table Line VESSEL Manila Hongkong Shanghai Nagasaki Leave Nagoya Kobe Leave Yokohama Honolulu Victoria Arrive Arrive SaiX. L. Angeles Seattle Vancouver 10 NYK HIYE MARU Con Stmr. Nov. 6 Nov. 9 Nov. 21 Nov. 20 6 AML PRES. GRANT Nov. 3 Nov. 6 Nov. 9 Nov. 11 Nov. 13 Nov. 24 Nov. 24 11 FL SLEMMESTAD Nov. 9 Dec. 3 9 NYK TAIYO MARU Con Stmr. Nov. 15 Dec. 2 3 CPR E. RUSSIA Nov. 8 Nov. 12 Nov. 14 Nov. 16 Nov. 18 Nov. 20 Nov. 29 Nov. 29 14 BF TYNDAREUS Con Stmr. Nov. 19 Nov. 20 Dec. 2 Dec. 18 Dec. 16 4 DSSL PRES. COOLIDGE Nov. 10 Nov. 13 Nov. 16 Nov. 18 Nov. 19 Nov. 26 Dec. 1 Dec. 5 10 NYK HEIAN MARU Con Stmr. Nov. 29 Dec. 2 Dec. 14 Dec. 13 16 SL BENGKALIS Nov. 12 Dec. 10 Dec. 5 12 BL TAI YIN Nov. 15 Nov. 18 Nov. 23 Nov. 28 Nov. 27 Nov. 30 Dec. 15 6 AML PRES. JACKSON Nov. 17 Nov. 20 Nov. 23 Nov. 25 Nov. 27 Dec. 8 Dec. 8 8 NYK TATSUTA MARU Con Stmr. Nov. 30 Dec. 15 11 FL FERNGSLEN Nov. 20 Dec. 12 1 CPR E. JAPAN Nov. 22 Nov. 26 Nov. 28 Dec. 1 Dec. 3 Dec. 9 Dec. 14 Dec. 14 13 KL CORNVILLE Nov. 22 Nov. 26 Dec. 18 16 SL SILVERMAPLE Nov. 23 Dec. 18 Dec. 14 15 ML GRETE MAERSK Nov. 24 Nov. 27 Dec. 3 Dec. 9 Dec. 7 Dec. 11 Dec. 25 16 SL SALAWATI Nov. 25 Dec. 22 Dec. 17 5 DSSL PRES. TAFT Nov. 27 Dec. 1 Dec. 4 Dec. 6 Dec. 7 Dec. 15 Dec. 21 Dec. 26 6 AML PRES. JEFFERSON Dec. 1 Dec. 4 Dec. 7 Dec. 9 Dec. 11 Dec. 22 Dec. 22 10 NYK HIKAWA MARU Con Stmr. Dec. 4 Dec. 17 Dec. 29 Dec. 28 3 CPR EMP. ASIA Dec. 6 Dec. 10 Dec. 12 Dec. 14 Dec. 6 Dec. 18 Dec. 27 Dec. 27 5 DSSL PRES. HOOVER Dec. 8 Dec. 11 Dec. 14 Dec. 6 Dec. 17 Dec. 24 Dec. 29 Jan. 2 16 SL HOEGH MERCHANT Dec. 13 Jan. 10 Jan. 5 12 BL TAI YANG Dec. 15 Dec. 18 Dec. 23 Dec. 28 Dec. 7 Dec. 30 Jan. 14 6 AML PRES. MCKINLEY Dec. 15 Dec. 18 Dec. 21 Dec. 23 Dec. 25 Jan. 5 Jan. 5 10 NYK HIYE MARU Con Stmr. Dec. 25 Dec. 28 Jan. 9 Jan. 8 2 CPR EMP. CANADA Dec. 30 Dec. 24 Dec. 26 Dec. 29 Dec. 31 Jan. 7 Jan: 12 Jan. 12 13 KL PLEASANTVILLE Dec. 22 Dec. 26 Jan. 17 15 ML NIEL MAERSK Dec. 24 Dec. 27 Jan. 2 Jan. 8 Jan. 6 Jan. 10 Jan. 25 16 SL SILVERBELLE Dec. 26 Jan. 21 Jan. 17 5 DSS PRES. LINCOLN Dec. 25 Dec. 29 Jan. 1 Jan. 3 Jan. 4 Jan. 12 Jan. 18 Jan. 23 6 AML PRES. GRANT Dec. 29 Jan. 1 Jan. 4 Jan. 6 Jan. 8 Jan. 19 Jan. 19 MINIMUM RATES FROM MANILA 1 2 3 CPR (EMP. JAPAN) CPR (EMP. CANADA) CPR (EMP. ASIA-RUSSIA) First P90 Tourist 58 First P90 Tourist 58 First P90 Tourist 52 P190 105 P190 105 P190 95 4 DSSL (P. HOOVER-COLIDGE) First P90 58 5 DSSL (535-PRES. TAFT) First P90 Tourist 52 P190 105 P190 95 6 AML (PRES. JACKSON) 8 NYK (ASAMA-TATSUTA) 9 NYK (TAIYO) First P90 Tourist 52 First Second Cabin Tourist P190 95 $360 215 $285 P250 P275 $365 $450 $450 $450 155 170 220 270 270 270 P250 P275 360 440 440 440 155 170 215 260 260 260 P250 P275 326 400 400 400 140 155 190 230 230 230 P250 P275 365 $450 $460 155 170 220 270 275 P250 P275 326 420 430 140 155 190 230 235 P250 P275 $400 140 155 230 10 NYK SEATTLE SERVICE First 180 11 FL First 12 BL First $20 $35 13 KL First 14 BF (Rate from Hongkong) First 15 ML First $25 $45 16 SL Firts $20 $60 $150 $55 $55 $195 £35.0.0 $140 $70 $75 $165 $220 $160 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 48 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 49 Motoring to ... (Continued from page JfG) way and converting the irksome past into the comfortable present. With such gossip and comment we have whiled away the three hours, nearly. Still skirting the slopes of Banahaw, we have passed Lucena, the quite pretentious capital of Tayabas, and the several minor towns beyond it, and we are even now rounding into Lukban, where the first sight to catch our eye is the old women, washing, in the open aque ducts at either side of every clean little street, the fine buntal fiber-hats for which the place is locally famous. Here is fine craftsmanship, not surpassed among far better known orientals—among the Chinese or Japanese, for example. American merchants, in New York and Boston, buy these fine Lukban hats through Manila houses. We shall not visit even the Lukban church and plaza before motoring on across the stone bridge just beyond the place and spreading our lunch under what seems the most perfect coconut grove of all. Though per haps this impression comes from the grove’s partial isolation, still we wonder if anything could be more ex quisite. It is a young grove perhaps not more than twenty years old, we can tell from the sleekness and girth of the palms. The slope it shades is but a gentle one, overlaid with a coverlet of green down, such being the texture of the thick grass; and the stream, spanned by the old bridge, weathered and moss-grown with three centuries of storm and sun—the little stream is limpid and fresh from the clouds that have just sprinkled it upon the mountain. It is all that even Robert Burns could desire in purling water. It is a busy stream, hurrying to the lowlands to water the rice, which is never satiated though floating to its neck; and being a conscientious stream, it quarrels incessantly at the rough limestone and lava rocks that cumber its current and make natural stepping stones for gay bare feet of boys and girls out picnicking—of which they, are extremely fond. More than half way back to Ma nila, we may as well loiter half an hour or so, and gain insight into fundamental customary law, that of tenantry; for tenantry is inevitably the skeleton of feudalism, on which the flesh, waxed fat and comely, leans and feeds. A tenant labors a crop from a field, receiving a share of it as compensation. The share depends somewhat on the nature of the crop, and also on whether or not the tenant owns work animals. The tenant by customary law, is the social inferior of the landlord and therefore cannot dispute with him, whom by the same law he is compelled to obey. It happens that in this district there are landlords for whom tenants are raising sugar cane, and this sugar cane is milled at centrals getting half of it for the job (which, all told, in volves financing, transporting and many incidental services), the other half, so far as the central is con cerned, going to the landlord. But really from a fifth to a third of it is the tenant’s share. Of this the central knows nothing, but keeping an eye on the market it advances to the landlord sums requested from time to time during the season, all against his ostensible half of the en tire crop; and when he is careless of his stewardship and spends this money without giving the tenant the latter’s fair share of it, as has hap pened at Calauan, then when crop settlement time comes he cannot pay the tenant at all. This violation of customary law on the part of the landlord would, in (Please turn to page 52) Roosevelt Steamship Agency, Ing. 1 i 'RE’P'RESEJVTI Kerr Steamship Co., Inc.—New York ! Silver Line, Ltd.—London Prince Line, Ltd.—London Pacific Java Bengal Line—Amsterdam Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha—Kobe Operating the Pollowing Services: Prince Silver Round the World Service Far East—Europe (Philippines to U. S. Atlantic Coast Ports via Java, Straits RAPID LUXURY LINERS Settlements, and Cape of Good Hope) , Via Singapore—Colombo—Bombay—Massowah_ Suez—Port Said Silver Java Pacific Line S.S. CONTE ROSSO (Philippines to U. S. Pacific Coast and Gulf Ports, also to Java, Straits Leaves MANILA, Dec. 1, for Venice and Trieste Settlements, Bombay, Persian Gulf and Calcutta) M. V. VICTORIA “K” Line Round the World Service Leaves MANILA, Dec. 21 for Naples and Genoa (Philippines to U. S. Atlantic Ports via Suez) Overland to London, Paris, Berlin Stopover privileges. From Egypt the voyage can be con “K” L>ne Express Service to Atlantic Ports tinued by any of the Italian line Mediterranean Services. Through Tickets to the U. S. and Round the World (Philippines to U. S. Atlantic Ports via Panama) at Reduced Fares. EXPRESS SERVICE via INDIA-EGYPT-ITALY Chaco Bldg. Tel. 2-15-21 ITALIA LINE—LLOYD TRIESTINO MANILA Smith, Bell & Co., Ltd., Agents IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL GS AND MINIMUM RATES TO EUROPE VIA SUEZ II 52 aS Feb. 21 a 2 a a m5 22 2 2 0 2 a 8 2 2 2 coo r. co a a " 2224 2 222 22i a s 2 2 2 ,n a a a 2 4 422 2 aa 0 22 as'a "'s’sa aaaas 4444 24222 22222 a a " "S 558 4 4 2 22 222 ass -as aas 444 444 2 222 as a 44 4 22 sssa rr, VO Ox O 4444 44442 4542 52K" saa 8 ’ 4444 444 4 2 ass'0 ssssa S""’S 4444 44444 44222 s 8 - 4 4 2 s ~«s~ a^saa RMS 2 4444 44444 444 4 2 % 4 4 4 t I Hi! lOh iiib h>' islh hhs "i Ml M Hi! Hi! Ul slfi 4421 s"as 4||4 2''8S Hii s a a-a 4424 i 5< i s P ip !i m OSIP y pin 1111 I 0 i ff 11 i I L a - November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 51 SHIPPING REVIEW By H. M. CAVENDER General Agent, The Robert Dollar Co. of September there were exported from the Philippines the following: Hemp shipments picked up; the United States took 20,467 bales; Japan upped her purchases to 42,738 bales, as did Europe, During September conditions in shipping suited neither carriers nor shippers. Shang hai became a problem, thousands of tons of cargo destined there had to be carried to Hongkong, Manila, Iloilo, Singapore, and perhaps elsewhere. Hongkong soon reached its limit in storage, Manila prac tically the same. Seamen refused to sign on vessels destined to the Orient ex cept on a premium scale of wages. Sched ules were sadly upset and every one had a headache. On short notice increased rates on all commodities destined to China and Japan were put into effect on Septem ber 15th. Notwithstanding an exceptionally small demand for space for sugar there was a shortage of space for copra, ores and lumber. The iron ore movement to Japan was again hampered in this partic ular. The outward cargo movement for Septem ber totalled 188,197 revenue tons only, or 106,552 tons less than for August. It was 93,520 tons less than for September, 1936. This slump is mainly in sugar, logs and lumber but decreased tonnage movements can be found in other commodities. The movement of sugar was: centrifugal 28,079 To Tons. IVit/i Wise. Sailings Uf IV Which Am Tons n crican bottoms nth Sailings China & Japan ................................ ........... 77,546 42 998 3 Pacific Coast Local Delivery ......... ........... 21,109 12 7,519 5 Pacific Coast Overland ................... ........... 1,156 7 749 4 Pacific Coast Intercoastal ............. ........... 2,148 6 1,925 3 Atlantic & Gulf Coast ................... ........... 61,878 21 13,299 6 European Ports ................................ ........... 20,145 18 69 2 All other Ports ................................ ........... 4,215 24 438 4 A Grand Total of 188,197 tons with a total of 88 sailings (average 2,140 tons per vessel) of which 24,997 tons were carried in American bottoms with 9 sailings (aver age 2,778 tons per vessel). tons, refined 1,128 tons, total 29,207 tons only. October should see the quota filled. The desiccated coconut factories for warded 5,800 tons (40 cu. ft.) and advise that there is a surplus on hand in the States. Berth lines handled 13,678 tons of coconut oil in deep tanks; no tankers were on berth. The movement of copra was very small, the United States taking 12,175 tons only and Europe 5,441 tons, a total of 17,616. Copra for the United States, Pa cific Coast delivery, could not find space as needed and shippers were obliged to arrange for chartered vessels to load in October and later. Copra cake and meal to Europe were 5,650 tons, an increase offset by the movement to the United States of only 2,394 tons. The total being 8,044 tons, space for this commodity to the United States being hard to engage. From Statistics compiled by the Asso ciated Steamship Lines, during the month who bought 52,509 bales. The minor mar kets also increased their shipments. The total movement was 125,602 bales. The distribution was world wide as usual. Logs and lumber shipments were 11 mil lion feet as against 19 million feet in August. The movement of logs to Japan was 7 million feet (August, 13’/2 million). The only trade showing a gain was South Africa who took over 1 million feet. The United States trade was a trifle over 3 million feet. The trade with China, Europe and Australia was very small. The shipments of ores amounted to 61,172 tons, slightly better than August with its 53,453 tons. Japan trade in iron ore, 50,100 tons, is 10,000 below her usual purchases due to lack of tonnage; she also took 2,450 tons of copper ore. The Pacific Coast smelters took 656 tons of concentrates for treatment. The Atlantic seaboard took 7,960 tons of chromite. Small sample shipPRESIDENT LINERS SAILINGS TO SEATTLE & VICTORIA “The Express Route” via Hongkong, Kobe, Yokohama SS PRES. JEFFERSON .............. Dec. 3 SS PRES. GRANT......................... Dec. 29 SS PRES. McKINLEY.................. Dec. 15 SS PRES. JACKSON.................... Jan. 12 TO SAN FRANCISCO, NEW YORK 6? BOSTON “The Sunshine Route” via Hongkong, Japan, Honolulu, Los Angeles, Panama Canal & Havana : SS PRES. HOOVER .................... Dec. 15 * SS PRES. COOLIDGE.................. Jan. 5 SS PRES. CLEVELAND .............. Dec. 25 SS PRES. WILSON ....................... Jan. 22 * To San Francisco and Los Angeles only TO NEW YORK & BOSTON via Straits, India, Egypt and Mediterranean ports. SS- PRES. POLK.............................. Dec. 8 SS PRES. VAN BUREN .............. Jan. 5 SS PRES. PIERCE......................... Dec. 22 SS PRES. GARFIELD .................. Jan. 19 For further particulars, apply to AMERICAN MAIL LINE DOLLAR STEAMSHIP LINES Port Area MANILA Tel. 2-24-41 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 52 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 ments went to Japan, Europe and Hong kong. Shipments of minor products to China and Japan either dropped to a low level or en tirely out of sight. The molasses shippers forwarded only 2,112 tons. Cigar shipments went up to 1,020 tons, probably for account of the Christmas trade. Shipments of gums, junk, kapok seeds, skins and cutch were normal. Europe took 1,878 tons of tobacco, the total movement in the item being 2,534 tons. Shipments of embroi deries, furniture, kapok, nuts, rope, rubber, margarine and vegetable lard were sub normal. The pineapple canners forwarded 1,442 tons. The following figures show the number of passengers departing from the Philip pines for China, Japan and the Pacific Coast for the month of September, 1937: First InTr; mediate Hongkong ............. 76 110 Shanghai ............... Japan ..................... 8 13 Honolulu ............... 3 14 Pacific Coast ....... 50 92 Europe via America 0 0 Total for Septem ber, 1937 ........ 137 229 Total for August, 1937 ............... 207 326 Third 164 32 21 37 0 254 333 Motoring to... (Continued from page Jf9) former years, pass unscathed; for a great convenience of the law is that the humble must obey their superiors. Ostracism does not, as it should, al ways rebuke the rotter dealing un fairly with his tenants and neglecting his own obligations. Today a tenant asks for his settle ment, having books to buy for his children reentering school. “Well, Juan, and how much do you want?” “All, sir, please; it is P114.19.” “But what can a man like you want with so much money at one time: What will you do with it?” Juan explains. “Jove, what luck! School books indeed, and for the second grade, too! It just happens that my daughter finished that grade last year and her LUZON BROKERAGE CO., INC. Derham Building MANILA P. O. Box 591 Port Area -------- •—•-------- Tel. 2-24-21 Licensed Customs Brokers Foreign Freights Forwarders 223 Dusmarinan, Manila Rate Line Table No. VESSEL Leave Leave Leave Leave Leave Leave Leave Manila Hongkong Saigon Singapore Davao Sandakan Salamaua 1 NYK KITANO MARU 2 BPCo NEPTUNA 3 MERKUR 4 E&A NELLORE 5 BF GORGON 8 KPM VAN REES 6 NIEUW HOLLAND 5 BF CENTAUR 9 R&O TAIPING 1 NYK KAMO MARU 3 BP MARELLA 4 E&A TANDA 5 BF CHARRON 9 A&O CHANGTE 6 KPM NIEUW ZEELAND 1 NYK ATSUTA MARU 4 E&A NANKING 9 AOL TAIPING KPM NIEUW HOLLAND 1 NYK KITANO MARU 4 E&A NELLORE BP BP BP 4 EA 4 EA 5 BF 5 BF 6 KPM 8 8 9 A0 NYK RATE FROM MANILA—1ST ” —2ND ” —1ST SINGAPORE—1ST SINGAPORE—2ND MANILA—1ST MANILA—2ND SINGAPORE—1ST ” —2ND —1ST —Ad —Bd —B ” —C MANILA—1ST books are here in the house—you can have them for a pittance.” The daughter is called, as well as the wife. The books are found, and Juan persuaded that they are just as good as new, while the pittance turns out to be within a fraction of their original cost which Juan does not know. Making the best bargain he can, Juan takes the books. The land lord is quite jovial and friendly with Heavy Trucking Contractors W arehousemen SAILINGS & Courtesy Oct. 26 Oct. 29 (Omits) Oct. 31 Nov. 9 Nov. 14 Nov. 23 Nov. 3 Nov. 2 Nov. 9 Nov. 13 Dec. 2 Nov. 18 Nov. 23 Nov. 19 Nov. 16 Nov. 29 Dec. 3 Dec. 6 Dec. 7 Dec. 20 Dec. 17 Dec. 21 Dec. 27 Dec. 30 Jan. 4 Jan. 1 Jan. 16 Jan. 4 Jan. 20 Jan. 25 Jan. 28 Feb. 1 Jan. 29 P6550P80.- £28.15.0 him, but just happens to think be fore Juan gets clear away that there are no servants in the house that day—will Juan stop a moment and sweep up, and chop some wood for the kitchen? Juan stops and chops, it is a part of the law. So it goes. When Juan again wants money, this time for calicoes for school dresses for Nena, the land lord’s wife has stocked up against just such a contingency. At dread ful figures the calicoes change owner ship and. another adjustment of the account is made in the books without Juan’s really seeing any cash. He never knows clearly how his account stands: he remains in debt and is far from being a thrifty husband man. At death his children assume his obligations. Such sordid methods are not the standard fixed by cus tomary law, but it is the way of wily and careless landlords to resort to them, and ... every man’s way is tolerated in the East. 'N RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE' JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 53 MINIMUM RATES TO AUSTRALIA -EVERETT TRAVEL SERVICE Tel. 4-98-91 Leave Leave Leave Arrive Leave Leave Leave Port Leave Leave Thursday Leave Cairns Arrive Arrive Townsville Arrive Arrive Arrive Arrive Arrive Batavia Samarang Sourabaya Moresby Samarai Darwin Island Rabaul Port Vila Noumea Aukland tWellington Brisbane Sydney Melbourne Fremantle Adelaide Nov. 6 Nov. 7 Nov. 8 Nov. 11 Nov. 20 Nov. 30 Nov. 22 Nov. 23 Nov. 25 Nov. 21 Nov. 17 Dec. 24 Dec. 7 Dec. 8 Dec. 9 Dec. 6 Dec. 25 Dec. 26 | Nov. 4 / Nov. 5 Nov. 13 Nov. 16 Nov. 27 Dec. 8 Nov. 10 Nov. 29 Dec. 13 Dec. 16 Dec. 14 Dec. 28 Dec. 30 Nov. 19 Nov. 10 Nov. 22 Nov. 16 Nov. 12 Dec. 3 Nov. 24 Nov. 18 Nov. 16 Dec. 6 Nov. 27 Nov. 22 Dec. 18 Dec. 31 Dec. 21 Dec. 20 Jan. 3 Jan. 5 Dec. 23 Dec. 22 Jan. 5 Jan. 7 Dec. 27 Dec. 27 Jan. 12 Jan. 10 Nov. 19 Dec. 13 9 Dec. 16 Jan. 13 Jan. 5-6 Jan. 12 Jan. 26 Jan. 23 Jan. 24 Jan. 25 Feb. 4 Feb. 9 Jan. 11 Jan. 13 Jan. 17 Jan. 18 Jan. 20 Jan. 24 Jan. 27 Jan. 29 Jan. 31 Feb. 7 Feb. 5 Feb. 7 Feb. 10 Feb. 9 Feb. 11 Feb. 15 Feb. 15 Feb. 17 Feb. 21 £28.10.0 18. 0.0 £ 28.5.0 £42.15.0 28.15.0 £50. 0.0 53.10.0 £44.15.0 30. 0.0 44.15.0 50. 0.0 33.10.0 £46. 0.0 30.10.0 46. 0.0 53. 0.0 35.10.0 £36. 5.0 £42.15.0 £44.15.0 £46. 0.0 24. 0.0 28.15.0 30. 0.0 30.10.0 £21.0.0 £13.0.0 £40. 0.0 £40.0 .0 £53. 0.0 £56.0.0 £31.10.0 £33.10.0 28.10.0 30.15.0 28.10.0 26. 0.0 £28. 0.0 £44.15.0 £48.10.0 34.10.0 40.15.0 44. 0.0 £28.10.0 £34. 0.0 £57.15.0 £57.15.0 P63.10.0 52.10.0 52.10.0 58. 0.0 46.15.0 46.15.0 52. 5.0 41. 0.0 41. 0.0 46.10.0 £36. 0.0 £42.15.0 £44.15.0 £46. 0.0 RAIL COMMODITY MOVEMENTS By LEON M. LAZAGA Traffic Manager, Manila Railroad Company FREIGHT REVENUE CAR LOADING COMMODITIES j Number of > Freight Cars 193S Freight Tonnage 1 1936 Increase or Decrease The volume of commodities received in Manila during the month of OCTOBER, 1937, via the Manila Railroad Company are as follows: J Rice, cavanes ............. 133,223 Sugar, piculs ............. 60,500 Copra, piculs ............... 150,024 Desiccated Coconuts, cases ......................... 25,689 Tobacco, bales ............. 3,627 Lumber, Board Feet . . . 398,523 Timber, kilos ............... 2,139,000 Rice ............................................ Palay .............................. Sugar ........................................ Sugar Cane .......................... Coconuts ................................ Molasses .................................. Tobacco ... • Livestock ................................. Mineral Products .......... T.umber and Timber Forest Product ...................... Manufactures ........................ All Others including L.C.L. Total ................................ 2 9 631 129 2 11,658 90 1,725 338 '(45) 2,348 (5 6) 151 33 13 366 173 7 4 324 186 315 3,432 6.383 SUMMARY The freight revenue car loading statistics for five weeks end ing October 30, 1937, as compared with the same period of 1936 are given below: Week ending Oct. Week ending Oct. Week ending Oct. 16 Week ending Oct. 23 Week ending Oct. 30 Total ................ 11,656 10,653 10,487 12,983 12,760 6,383 5,760 58.539 53,179 Note—Figures in parenthesis indicate decrease. 26 9 42 (13) (4) 185 89 33 101 71 178 240 (8) (164) (368) 2,870’’ 3,030 5,860 But here again an American cus tomary law impinges on the native one. The American law is that of paying money wages for labor, in the Philippines, where millions are spread annually over the region our motor trip traverses, good silver pesos worth their equivalent in gold —in fact, legal gold fifty-cent pieces. It happens, then, that the tenant finds he can turn wage-earner; this gives his leverage upon the landlord. So we observe what is described as agrarian troubles, and what is in fact the impact of one customary law upon another, the latter too feebly supported by justice to commend it self longer to young workmen able to see and count if not to read. The form this takes is a petition to the landlords for redress of grievances: there is in it, very specifically, the cultural influence of commerce. And here at last, with twenty short minutes ahead before we shall be sit ting down in Manila with our fam ilies for dinner, we are back on the 54 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 Alabang hills and looking straight into the glories of a Philippine sunset. By some occult legerdemain a Rem brandt has been brushing the canvas cf the western skies. He has painted a king’s dais there, in the midst of a roval court; and he has flanked it with halberdiers and gayly comparisoned lords and lackeys. Into such resplendence the King himself steps for a moment, with flowing purple robes, golden bordered. The efful gence of mighty chandeliers sheds over the ensemble a matchless ra diance . . . for moments hardly to be reckoned, before Night’s sable cur tains shut it all away into shadow. I Presents new features you can see.. . hear... touch... and understand THE WORLD’S MOST COPIED RADIO ALWAYS A YEAR AHEAD Superior performance of the Zenith Radio is more than accidental. Acoustic adapter... Improved over tone amplifier... voice — music — high fidelity control... Metaglas tubes ... Split — Second Relocater. Lightning Station Find er. . . Target Tuning... are the reasons why Zenith is the world’s “Popular Radio No. 1.’’ ■ • See and hear it at Beck’s II. BEOUJNC. ! 89-91 Escolta, Manila Registration Of Radio Receivers And Government Financial Aid To Broadcasting Stations Many people are unaware that we have a law (Act 3397, as amended by Common wealth Act 107) requiring that all radio receiving sets be registered under the su pervision of the Secretary of Public s.orks and Communications. The Act requires that all sets with the exception of those operated for official purposes by the U. S. and Philippine governments, must be reg istered within 30 days after their acquisi tion. The purpose of this law is primarily to raise revenue through the collection of li cense fees. These are fixed at P10 per an num for tube sets, and P2 per annum for crystal sets. The Bureau of Internal Rev enue makes the collections through the city and municipal treasurers. About 36.000 sets have been registered, and about P120,000 is collected yearly from this source. This income is used for the purchase and distribution of radio sets among municipal ities and government institutions, for finan cial assistance to “a station or sta^ons which can serve satisfactorily throughout the Philippines for broadcasting, a mini mum of 6 hours daily of government news, information and education, and other pro grams of interest or entertainment to the general public,” and for general expenses. Under this system, one station receives financial assistance out of the income de rived from radio registration fees. The system has been criticised on several grounds: First, it is argued that use of govern ment money to assist any radio broadcast ing station, whether privately owned or not, is discriminatory since the better-to-do only can afford to own rad'os and thus get the benefit of programs indirectly fin anced through this tax. Proponents of the system refute this by pointing out that radio stations should be helped here, since hns’ness houses either cannot afford, or have not been educated to the use of radio for advertising. While the number of spon sored programs has steadily increased, they do not vet bring in enough revenue to main tain first-class stations on the air. Also, it is argued, the registration fees also nay for the purchase and installation of radios in municipalities and government institu tions—a direct benefit to the people. Second, critics of the system point to the large number of radio receiver owners who evade the tax. It is estimated that not more than half of these people have ever paid a license fee. It is not to be de nied that, if the system is to continue, it should be made more equitable by collect ing all of the tax from everyone who should pay it. The third argument is perhaps the most cogent. He who controls the purse strings, controls all, and, if broadcasting stations are dependent on government money for their existence, it will not be long before the government will be dictating the type of programs to be presented. In fact, it is entirely possible that government offi cials may present some or all of the pro grams themselves, in the end. Those who visualize this possibility point to the fact that the National Informa tion Board now broadcasts three out of the four news broadcasts going out over KZRM daily. An assemblyman recently seized upon this fact as a dangerous omen when the budget of the National Information Board was brought before the Assembly for consideration. Broadcasting by government agencies or bureaus is no new thing. In England the British Broadcasting Company has a mo nopoly over broadcasting, and it is a gov ernment agency. There the objection is not to the quality of the programs broadcast, hut to their unvarying monotony. This business of uplift is all right, but too much of it can become obnoxious. The British people have no objection to education, and the finer things of life, but they frequently long for some good, plain, old-fashioned en tertainment over the air for entertainment’s sake. Radio broadcasting in the United States has reached its present position of nearn^rfection through competition, -acre are so many stations, all competing for the ear of the public, and such a large number of business concerns using radio for ad vertising by means of sponsored programs, that the ingenuity of advertising men, art ists, radio technicians and others in the game has been taxed to the limit to provide pro grams which will hold the listeners’ atten tion. It is so easy to twist a dial and get another station. Such magnificent programs as “The March of Time,” presented over NBC’s blue network once a week, the “Standard Symphony Hour,” presented by the Stan dard Oil Company, the “Kraft Music Hall,” with Bing Crosby as Master of Ceremonies, could only be possible where undestricted competition calls forth men’s best efforts. It must not be forgotten, however, that these programs are also broadcast prim arily to make money. Scores of other pro grams equally good that may be heard every n:ght in the United States are profitable for broadcasting companies, as well as enter taining and informative to listeners. When “Time” first announced that it would broadcast “The March of Time,” it stated frankly that it would drop the feature im mediately it began to lose money. Until there is enough business here to pay the broadcasting stations for their efforts, it may be necessary for them to accept gov ernment money, and all that may go with Station K.ZIB Forges Ahead The story of radio broadcasting station KZIB is a story of struggle, courage and public service. It was begun many years ago by Beck's Department Store, when ra dios were few in the Philippines, and it has broadcast its programs without interrup tion ever since its founding. It is no secret that broadcasting stations here lost money for years after they were founded. Radio did not catch on here as quickly as it did in the United States, and the radio audience consequently remained small. Beck’s was not discouraged; it had anticipated losses when the station was started, and it kept on, not only maintain ing the quality of the programs, but con stantly improving them. (Ptease tarn to page ~>ii) IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OE COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 55 India’s Child Widows It is difficult for people of other countries to comprehend some of the customs of ancient India—but little changed, except outwardly, after cen turies of British rule. "East is East, and West is West, and never the twain shall meet,” nuoth Kipling, and his phillippic might well be ex tended to include the entire world as far as India is concerned, for her centuries-old customs can never form a common meeting ground between herself and the rest of the world. One of these customs is that of child widowhood, which, in turn, stems from the Indian custom of child marriage, against which even Ghandhi himself has railed. It has resulted in the lifetime torture of thirty million babv widows, con demned to despair of hope for the rest of their unhappy lives. Hindu parents frequently marry their daughters at the age of six, although some quijotic quirk of mind makes them decree at this point that their daughters may not consummate marriage until the ripe age of twelve. Most authorities agree with Ka therine Mayo’s statement in “Mother India” that child marriages stem from the sex perversion of the Hindu male. Ancient custom decrees calamity for the six-year old bride should her husband die before her. Thenceforth her life is worse than death itself, for the death of her husband is as cribed to his wife’s sins in a previous incarnation. She is forbidden to re marry, and must spend the rest of her tragic life in expiation of those “sins,” even though at the death of her husband she is yet too young to comprehend the meaning of sin, let alone to have transgressed herself. Starvation, filth, and degradation are her lot. Luzon Stevedoring Co., Inc. Lightering, Marine Contractors Towboats, Launches, Waterboats Shipbuilders and Provisions SIMMIE C& GRILK Phone 2-16-61 Her husband’s family treats her worse than a beast, yet she cannot return to her own family, nor may she exercise the rights of a parent over her children. Often she is al lowed but one meal a day, or even less. She is made to perform the commonest kind of menial labor, and is expected to pray constantly for her late master’s reincarnation to a more delightful state than he had on this earth. But she herself gets no pray ers, for there is no hope for her in a next world. She must shave her head. She is not allowed the pleasure of bathing in the river with her former asso ciates, (an important social contact in India), and cannot attend any event where others rejoice. She must fast. She is the object of con tempt, and is frequently reviled. She has two methods of escape. She may become a beggar, and travel the dusty roads with her hand outthrust for alms, or she may become a prostitute. And even as a prosti tute, the degradation of her state is constantly thrust upon her, for she must live in a “widows’ house” with other widows, segregated like nuns. One other form of escape was for merly open to her: suttee, or the burning alive of widows on the funeral pyres of their dead husbands. This custom, however, was forbidden by the English in 1829, although fre quently, widows commit voluntary suttee even today, either through religious frenzy, or from fear of the fate that awaits them should they live. Foreigners in India are impressed by the strange stoicism with which /X RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE .JOURNAL 56 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 these child widows accept their lot in life. Either because they are too young to understand the cruelty with which they are treated, or because they really believe some sin in a pre vious incarnation was responsible for the death of their husbands, they accept all manner of ill-treatment accorded them, and wait patiently for death to put an end to their suffer ings. One duty the young widow must perform before she is cast out of the society of her former associates: she must burn her husband’s body. Much of this takes place at ancient Benares, on the banks of the Ganges river. Foreigners have often seen these funeral pyres crowded together on the river bank, each pyre consum ing the remains of a husband, and turning his widow’s life to ashes. India carries the caste system even to funerals. Funerals are of the first, second, or third class, de pending upon the quantity of wood used. There are very few first-class funeral pyres in India, as wood there is very high in price. Most young widows can afford only third-class funerals, thus adding to their degra dation in the eyes of their husband’s family. Some people believe the practise of ostracism of widows was originated by Hindu men, who feared poisoning by their wives, because of their cruel treatment of them. The psycholog ical idea behind it, they say, is that if wives are threatened with ostra cism after the death of their hus bands, they will do all in their power to preserve the lives of their hated spouses. Whatever its origin, we have the word of GandhJ himself that “there is no warranty any Hindu book of sacred rules for such widowhood.” The English government has estab lished many schools for these widows, where they are taught useful trades, and are given a new outlook on life. These schools serve a double purpose in that they tend to break down the caste system which so long has shackled India’s progress. Widows in these schools work and live to gether, whatever their caste or reli gion. ______ Station KZIB . . . (Continued from page 54) At first, inevitably, most of the programs consisted of phonograph records. Records are still used frequently, but KZIB has also recruited a large staff of talented pianists, singers, actors, and others who perform regularly over the airlanes. As the sta tion’s reputation has grown, it has con tinued to present the best available talent to Philippine listeners. The station gets all of its funds from sponsors only. Business houses pay for radio time, and the staff of KZIB cooper ates with them in arranging programs which will be of interest to listeners. The sta tion receives no Government aid. Yet it continues to meet competition in a very capable manner. As Mr. Naftaly, Beck’s General Manager puts it, “we have been here a long time, and we intend to be here a long time more.” Among the most popular programs now being presented over KZIB are “The Voice of Philco” program, presented by Jack Speirs, which includes a serial story “The Trial of Vivian Ware,” followed by a pro gram of Rhumba music. This program utilizes the radio audience as a jury to decide the fate of Vivian Ware, and the novelty has created a great deal of Interest in the program. F. E. Zuellig & Co. present “Leaders and Men,” a semi-educational series of bio graphies, presented with a background of descriptive music. The program is given every Wednesday evening. Isuan, Inc., sponsors a musical aggrega tion called “The Naturals,” who present two programs a week, on Tuesdays and Thursdays. “Musical Spots,” for Dana and Totem perfumes is a novel program following the latest idea in the United States. Poems are read to a delightful musical background. A popular non-musical program is pre sented every Sunday evening by Prof. A. H. Heinman, world-famed painter and art(Please turn to page 40) + BALINTAWAK is NOT “just another subdivision”. It is an exclusive Estate conceived to meet the fastidious requirements of a distinguished home builder. . IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL The Home and Garden which you can have on easy payments like rent SAN JUAN HEIGHTS is the ideal and best place. SAN JUAN HEIGHTS CO., INC. 680 Ave. Rizal P. O. Box 961 Tel. 2-15-01 MANILA IX RF^PO\[)I\(, 7 (-) Ah\ I p //X/ / \ / x ■// ^x/- / /// ,L\ < H Wt RF R < >/ C X>M M F R( F lOL'RX.XI November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 57 Title Insurance Company • The Ultimate Development in Real Estate Security, and Invaluable Aids to Those with Land to Sell or Money to Loan. This is an argument for modernization of the system of marketing real estate which has grown up here around our sys tem of registration of land titles under the Land Registration Act (No. 496), commonly known as the Torrens Act. A discussion of the subject requires a sketchy review of the various systems in effect in certain countries for handling a transfer of title to real property from owner to buyer, either for cash or credit secured by mortgage. England probably has the simplest meth od extant. There, when property is sold, the buyer simply takes delivery of his deed. Or, when money is loaned upon real estate, the lender accepts his mortgage. That is all. The instruments then go into the safe of the recipient or behind the kitchen clock, there to stay. If you own a piece of land, you can produce a deed to it. Most old English land owners can show deeds dating back many generations ago. There is no registration of instruments or other similar formality. Indeed, before the English became lite rate, and even long after that, they did not use the formality of executing and delivering a conveyance, when property changed hands. The new owner was taken physically to the land, and it was delivered to him, at first by putting him in posses sion of it, and, later, by symbolical delivery, such as giving him a handful of dirt from the place. This was known as “livery of seizin,’’ or ownership, and it had its origin in the feudal system of dividing up the Kingdom introduced by the Norman con querors. The feudal system, and the customs surrounding it which gradually grew into law, have had a profound influence on all property law everywhere, and the meaning and implications of this word “seizin" would fill many ponderous books. Gradually, in England, delivery of a deed took the place of actual or symbolical del ivery of the land itself, but right there the English drew the line. There exists an old law in England requiring that all trans fers or mortgages of real property must be recorded (copied) in public books pro vided for that purpose, and available for public inspection, but this law the English have blithely ignored. A man’s business is a man’s business, they argue, and what he owns, or how he got it, is of no concern to others. They keep their deeds. And if those deeds are lost or destroyed—that is a risk they are willing to take for the sake of privacy. In the United States, the system of rec ording, or copying instruments which might affect the title to real property is in gen eral use. The theory is that titles are of public concern; that information as to the ownership of property should be available to all; and that duplicate evidence of ownership of land should be available in the event of the loss or destruction of the original. Practically all States have offi cers in each county known as County Recorders, whose job it is to copy into public books all properly executed instru ments presented to them. These books are open to inspection by the public. Most State laws also require that these documents be acknowledged as to signature, and that the Recorders keep indexes to facilitate the location of instruments which have been copied. In order to ensure that instruments con veying or mortgaging, or otherwise af fecting land will be presented for recording, the laws provide that no unrecorded instrument shall be valid, except as between the immediate parties (i.e., the seller and buyer, or mortgagor and mortgagee) and their successors in interest unless recorded. At first, that was all the'.e was. The system worked perfectly in the early days of the Republic, when land transfers were few, and consisted mainly of large tracts of land. But, as the country grew and the volume of transfers increased, the Recorders’ tomes grew likewise. They be came ponderous volumes recording thou sands of documents, and tracing a title through them required the skill of a Phila delphia lawyer, the talents of a civil en gineer, and the patience of Job. It became the custom to engage the ser vices of an attorney when dealing in land. Not many years ago, an important source of attorneys’ incomes was examining titles to real property in the Recorders’ offices, and rendering opinions thereon. The vol ume of business was so great, in certain areas of the country particularly, that some attorneys devoted themselves to it almost exclusively, and became specialists in trac ing the titles to real estate, and discover ing flaws in them. From there it was just a step to the formation of what are known as “abstract companies.” These companies employ clerks in the offices of the county Recorders, whose job it is to make abstracts of all instruments recorded, affecting given pieces of property, when ordered to do so by at torneys or laymen contemplating transac tions in that property. The abstracts are then examined by attorneys, instead of the recorded instruments themselves. These abstract companies still exist in many parts of the country, but they have lost their former importance because the public soon began to demand some sort of a guarantee of their titles, aside from that afforded by a lawyer’s opinion. To meet this demand, “certificate' companies" grew up. They would examine titles, and “certify" as to their condition. Philippine Trust Company sells drafts and cable or radio transfers for the payment of money anywhere in the United States, the principal cities of Europe, China and Japan. It receives checking accounts in Pesos, Savings Accounts in Pesos or United States Dollars, Fixed Deposits and Trust Accounts. Fidelity and Surety Company of the Philippine Islands executes and covers BONDS INSURANCE Court, Customs, Firearm, etc. Fire, Life, Marine, etc. Plaza Goiti and Escolta Tel. 2-12-55 P- O. Box 150 /N RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 58 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 This was a great step forward, but it was not enough, because the certificate com panies, while they guaranteed titles with their reputations (and therefore with their future profits), they gave no financial guar antee that their opinions were correct. This was a serious defect, and held back the volume of sales of real property, and of loans on real property security, con siderably. A bank, for example, or a great life insurance company contemplating i mammoth loan on a property site for a skyscraper demanded greater measure of security that the title to that land stood in the name of its prospective borrower than a mere certificate, carrying with it no financial responsibility. Thus it has happened that, within the last fifty years, corporations have been formed for the purpose of examining land titles, reporting upon their condition, and guaranteeing their reports through the is suance of title insurance policies. These companies began cautiously at first—early title insurance policies had so many ex cepted risks stated on them that they practically insured nothing—but, as they perfected their facilities, and as their resources grew, the excepted risks became fewer and fewer in number and in im portance, until now a title insurance policy will absolutely guarantee a title to be as stated in it, with practically no reservations, and the guarantee is backed up by a large reserve in cash and bonds on deposit with the State Insurance Com missioner, as well as by the assets of the company issuing it. In many cities in the United States, these title insurance companies have grown to be financial giants. One large company in Los Angeles has gone into the banking business on the side, and is one of the largest lenders of money on real estate security in that part of California. The Title Guarantee and Trust Company in New York City is a huge organization, which has contributed no little to the growth of the city, through guaranteeing titles to building sites, terminal areas, bridge approaches, pier locations, etc., and has built many of these structures with its own funds. In its next issue, the JOURNAL will explain how these title insurance companies work, and the manifold services which they render to real estate brokers, banks, mort gage companies, and the general public. The operation of the Torrens system, both here and in the United States will also be discussed. Invest In Happiness! AT MANDALUYON ESTATE “The kind of a place I always wanted, but never hoped to find.” MR. K. E. ROBINSON PRICES RANGING FROM P0.80 to P2.00 PER SQUARE METER • Cool, Elevated Lots with Spacious Surroundings • Near Wack-Wack Golf and Country Club • Water, Electri city and Telephone Facilities • Twenty Minutes from Plaza Goiti ORTIGAS, MADRIGAL Y CIA., S. EN C. FILIPINAS BUILDING—TELEPHONE 2-17-62 Tune in on our regular Tuesday Night program over station KZRM—9:00 to 9:30 Manila Businessmen Organize Company to Invest in Real Estate The JOURNAL last month carried the announcement of Realty Invest ments Incorporated of P700,000.00 in shares of its common stock for sale. This company has been organ ized for the purpose of procuring a large amount of capital through the sale of its shares, and investing this capital in real estate and outer in vestments wnose underlying security is real estate, it win provide in vestors witn expert management together with tne anility to engage in major transactions through its large capital. .Everyone has heard the frequent statement that no investment is as sure as an investment in land. Everyone knows that more lortunes nave been made through, investment in real estate than in any other way. let, people hesitate to acquire real estate because 01 tne personal atten tion required. An individual owner must look lor tenants, take care 01 repairs, see that taxes and insurance are paid, be at tne constant call or tenants. The average layman is uniamiliar with values and luture prospects, so does not Know how much rent to charge, ihe new com pany will take care of these and tne other myriad details attendant upon property ownership. The management of Realty Invest ments believes that its stockholders will also secure the advantage oi di versilication of their risks over a great many properties, thus reducing the ever-present danger of income stoppage which exists when an in vestor limits his holdings to one prop erty. Provisions for repairs and property deterioration and obso lescence are also better taken care (Please turn to page 68) IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE' JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 59 News of the Subdivsions Mandaloyong: While Ortigas-Madrigal & Co., the managers of this extensive tract, advertise that their lots are priced to suit any purse, and while their selling cam paign is directed to persons in the low as well as the high income groups, a list of people who have bought lots there and built their homes reads in part like an extract from “Who’s Who in the Philip pines.” Prominent Filipinos who have joined the Mandaloyong Parade include Jose P. Melcneio, under-secretary of Justice, who has bought several lots on Pasig Boulevard; Jorge B. Vargas, Secretary to President Quezon, also a heavy buyer on Pasig Boule vard; I)r. A. D. Alvir, head of the wellknown firm of Alvir & Co., mining en gineers; A. C. Gonzalez, of Masonite fame, and many others. The old idea that Americans do not buy land and build homes in the Philippines is laid to rest when one examines the long list of American names among Mandalo yong purchasers. George A. Malcolm, former Associate Justice of the Philippine Supreme Court, and now a member of the staff of the American High Commissioner; Luther B. Bewley, long-time Bureau of Education head; C. O. Bohanan, Maniia businessman are prominent in the list. On the cover of this section, the Journal prints an interesting experiment in real estate merchandising—a photo of one of Manila’s finer homes, superimposed upon a view of Wack-Wack Terrace—another Or tigas-Madrigal property. Folders consist ing of several of these pictures were ar ranged for prospective buyers, in the belief that actual pictures of how nicely fine ’I INSURANCE For Every Need and Purpose WORKMEN’S COMPENSATION PUBLIC LIABILITY AUTOMOBILE ATLAS ASSURANCE CO. LTD. THE EMPLOYER’S LIABILITY CONTINENTAL INSURANCE CO. ASSURANCE CORPORATION LTD. ORIENT INSURANCE COMPANY INSURANCE COMPANY OF NORTH AMERICA General Agents E. E. LIAEI. INC. Telephone 2-24-28 — MANILA — Kneedler Building | homes fit the spacious suburban lots tell the story much better than words could tell it. Real Estate Men! The Journal has inaugurated this section in order to record the progress of the real estate and building industries of Manila and environs. We believe that these twin industries are among the most important to Philippine eco nomy. IT IS YOUR SECTION, edited for you and your interests. We will be glad to get timely news of your own real estate or building activities. While this magazine does not publish propa ganda for any person or group, it is always glad to give space to timely news. Pictures are always welcome. All articles and pictures must be submitted not later than the tenth of the month of publication.^ Balintawak Estate: This subdivision lies straight out Rizal Avenue and Rizal Avenue Extension to the Bonifacio Monument, a few minutes’ drive from Plaza Goiti. It is one of our closest-in areas, yet, in spite of its nearness to ■ town, offers privacy and spacious building sites, through the program of careful restrictions maintained by Vicente Singson-Encarnacion, Jr., brains of the subdivision. Quite a number of prominent people have been buying lots and building homes in this tract for a number of years, and the FIRE MARINE ACCIDENT PLATE GLASS area is participating in the general pros perity reported by real estate men this year. Reasons for the popularity of the tract are its wide, well-planned streets, wide lots, carefully drawn building and zoning restrictions, elevated land (most people do not realize that it is really as high as the topmost floor of the Filipinas Life Build ing), cool breezes. Transportation is by motorcar or bus. We had a long discussion with SingsonEncarnacion, Jr. about his subdivision, and the real estate picture in and around Ma nila in general, and were greatly impressed with his program of building homes in tiie tract, as he outlined it to us. The Ba lintawak Estate Suvdivision, has taken full advantage of the tremendous capital to which it has access, and builds homes to suit the plans and taste of purchasers, selling- them on remarkably low monthly payments which in most cases are actually' lower than rent. We looked at several pictures and architects’ plans of houses which have been built or are contemplated, and found it hard to believe that such houses could be built ana sola on the terms which he named to us. OXY-ACETYLENE Welding & Cutting Equipment i Philippine Acetylene Co. 281 CALLE CRISTOBAL, I’ACO i MANILA, P. I. i IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 60 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 It is difficult to see how a person could ever regret buying real estate in this pres ent period of high rents and housing shortage. Even those who are unsure ol their plans, or how long they may remain in the Philippines could scarcely lose, since a well-built house in a good subdivision should have a ready sale value. Whether or not President Quezon pro ceeds with his plan to incorporate outly ing areas within the boundaries of Manila, it is plain that the city itself is practically sold-out, as far as homes go. The city must therefore grow toward the subdivi sions, as rising real estate sales figures in almost every subdivision show. Juan Luna Subdivision: This Gibbs property in Tondo, offering low-priced lots to low-income families seeking “a home of their own,” reports near-record sales this year. Last month the Journal reported A. D. Gibbs, Jr.’s plan to erect a model home in the area, which will serve as a branch office and also as a practical example of what the company will build for responsible buyers. This model house has been completed, and we reproduce a picture of it elsewhere in this section. Data on Flotation Methods By Robert Lord, Metallurgist * Selective Flotation—Selective flotation is the separation of one sulphide mineral from another in the form of separate concen trates, or the flotation of one mineral while others are depressed into the tailing, un floated. These separations are never per fect but are sufficiently so to be economic and many ores containing more than one mineral (for example, lead and zinc) which by bulk flotation would yield a mixed con centrate of little value, may become pro fitable ores when separate concentrates of the minerals are produced by selective flotation. In practice, taking as an example a sul phide ore containing lead, zinc, iron, and also gold and silver, a lead concentrate is first floated containing as much of the lead, gold and silver as possible with a minimum of the zinc by establishing con ditions favorable to lead flotation and un favorable to flotation of the zinc. Next, the zinc is floated as a zinc concentrate containing a maximum of the zinc and a minimum of the iron by establishing con ditions favorable to zinc flotation and un favorable to iron flotation, Finally, the iron is floated by establishing conditions lavorable to iron flotation. In many large copper flotation operations the bulk of the pyrite or other sulphide iron is depressed into the tailings. These operations are sometimes considered bulk flotation because only one concentrate is produced. Such operations properly should be considered as selective flotation from the fact that the iron minerals depressed into the tailings could be floated as sepa rate iron concentrates if there was any object in so doing. Selective flotation depends generally on the natural order of flotability of the sul phide minerals (for instance, copper and lead float naturally more readily than zinc and iron). This difference is emphasized by addition of certain chemical reagents. A great deal of progress has been made in selective flotation since about 1922. This progress has been largely due to the in troduction of cyanides as depressants, to the introduction of chemical collecting com pounds, and also to recognition of the fact that careful control of all factors involved is necessary. Nou-Metallic Flotation—This is the latest branch of flotation and consists of separat ing one lion-metallic mineral from others, principally be employing soaps and fatty acids together with alkalies such as sodium silicates. Among the non-metallic min erals which have been concentrated by flotation are barite (barium sulphate), scheelite (calcium tungstate), fluorite (cal cium fluoride), apatite (calcium phosphate), calcite (calcium carbonate), rhodochrosite (manganese carbonate), pyrolusite and psilomelane (manganese oxides). Manga nese oxides and carbonate, also calcium tungstate, are classed with non-metallic minerals because their behavior to flotation is similar to true non-metallic minerals. Non-metallic flotation resembles bulk flotation in that usually only one concen trate is produced and selective flotation in that usually reagents must be employed to retard flotation of other non-metallic min erals. The factors governing non-metallic flotation are not at present nearly as well understood as those influencing sulphide flotation. Laboratory Investigation: The importance ol laboratory investigation on representa tive samples cannot be too strongly urged. Both the importance of laboratory testing and the importance of representative sam ples for such testing are too often not lully recognized. Experience of many years has shown that the results of mill opera tion check closely with the results of labo ratory testing when such testing is thor oughly and carefully conducted on represen tative samples. CHARTERED BANK OF INDIA, AUSTRALIA AND CHINA Capital' ................................................................ £3,000,000 Reserve Fund ........................................................ 3,000,000 Reserve Liability of Proprietors ....................... 3,000,000 REAL ESTATE By P. D. Carman Boulevard Heights MANILA BRANCH established 1872 SUB-BRANCHES AT CEBU, ILOILO AND ZAMBOANGA Every description of banking business transacted. Branches in every important town throughout India, China, Japan, Java, Straits Settlements, Federated Malay States, French Indo-China, Siam, and Borneo; also in New York. The Bank’s London Office undertakes Executor and Trustee business, and claims recovery of British Income-Tax overpaid, on terms which may be ascertained on application. Head Office: 38 Bishopsgate, London, E. C. C. E. STEWART, Manager, Manila October sales show a decided drop. The total for the same month last year was P3,430,207 which, how ever, was close to the highest known monthly record. Octo ber totals for the past five years were as follows: 1033 ........ P 761,957 1034 ........ 1,048,704 1935 ........ 775,362 1936 ........ 3,430,207 1937 ........ 911,477 SANSHIN PLYWOOD SUPPLY Lawan Sen. Oregon Pine Douglas Fir Plywood Telephone 2-91-08 P. O. Box 1262 741 Echague Manila, P. 1. Sales City of Manila September October 1937 1937 Sta. Cruz-................. P 105,637 P198.345 Sampaloc........................ 76,370 174,689 Tondo ............................ 95,551 44,554 Binondo......................... 394,307 64,750 San Nicolas .................. 143,500 108,500 Ermita .......................... 21,800 113,706 Malate ......................... 344,680 69,075 Paco .............................. 57,400 30,673 Sta. Ana........................ 132,258 18,091 Qmapo .......................... 70,912 38,275 San Miguel...................... — 31,058 Intramuros...................... — _ Fandacan ........................ — 1,160 Sta. Mesa ........................ — 18,601 Pl,442,415 P911.477 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 61 Serious Building Shortage Manila could stand a lot of build ing just now, families come to live here and find no homes for rent or apartments either. There was actual distress among army families that arrived in town on the latest army transport and could procure no suit able quarters. If credit and the am bition to gain returns from property were properly coordinated now, there would be the prospect of settling many new families in town per manently. They come for army service, they come from China and other nearby points. When we built for ourselves an apartment upstairs and leased the main apartment down stairs, a notice in the newspapers brought at least a dozen applicants in two days. None questioned the rental price, about 12% gross on the investment. At least half a dozen were ready to snap up what they evidently thought was a bargain, yet it is good return. Under these conditions, Manila could be rapidly improved with many good modern houses and apartments. The city is clearly filling up faster than these services are supplied. Probably there is also needed a lowrate hotel in the vicinity of the port area and the clubs. Folk from China say, at least, that tourists are often deprived of a visit to Manila by the hotel rates quoted them and the prospect of finding nothing available even then. A friend down from Shanghai, to make his headquarters for the orient here instead of there, hesitated between Hongkong and Ma nila. Until he secured a house, he lived at the Manila Hotel at a charge about 35% to 40% higher than simi lar accommodations would have cost him in Hongkong. Rent he finds somewhat lower than in Shanghai, but it took a long time to locate a house to his liking. This sums up the situation as it appears to newcomers anxious to throw in their lot with this com munity. Such families are not transients, they come to town to live here. Their presence here aids to the city’s prosperity; if they find liv ing conditions tolerable, perhaps even comfortable, there is no saying where the movement will end. Manila deserves to be general oriental headquarters of a great many corporations doing business in this territory. She and the Islands give these companies no little trade one year with another, and peace and public order preside here perennially. Communications are of the best, and the city gains infinite advantage from being the western terminus of Pan American’s.transpacific service. China is but a short hop away, and New York within a week’s time by air. Telegraph service, never de layed, never at the mercy of the gov ernment, never in the midst of civil upheavals or foreign assaults, con nects with all the world. For some time past the Journal has been saying that the city is rap idly growing away from its settled inhabitants. It would profit all of us to live up to the new opportuni ties the growing population, and the potentially much larger population, affords. Now is the time for the lifting of mortgages, a time for lender and landowner to get together in many instances, and by use of a little more money, to add more in come value to scores of properties. With the new Ayala bridge keep ing the traffic flow constant, Sta. Mesa comes within the scope where army families may reside. This may be due to a lack of houses available in districts nearer army posts and headquarters, but just now it is a fact. In general, too, it may be said that the scope for the renting of good residences has broadened. Gradual development of the Philippine army will broaden it more. However, the place where you propose to build for the purpose of renting remains of vital importance. It is not proposed that an orgy of imprudent building be undertaken, but for prudent building there certainly is much room. The condition is remarked with emphasis because i»t is believed it will continue indefinitely. Manila is destined to shelter a million in habitants within a decade. If an organization is needed to cope with the situation, one should be formed. Proofs are on every hand. Attend the movies, are they next crowded both upstairs and down? Yet two new downtown theaters are recent acquisitions, each with about 1100 seats. Altogether there are five large airconditioned downtown theaters using first-run pictures; first shows are at 10 a. m. and last ones at 9 p. m., seven days a week, but the public can not be accomodated whenever the pictures are passably good. Folk are actually beginning to stay at home from pictures, being unwilling to queue up for them in this climate. Use CELOTEX For Beauty Economy Durability The Perfect Plaster Base For Walls & Ceilings If you want the walls and ceilings of your home or office to be beautiful and stay beauti ful insist on Celotcx Lath; the perfect plaster base. The plaster stays on because it pene trates the perforations and is anchored on. The hundreds of small holes in Celotex Lath permit the plaster to enter and grip the foundation. The possibility of cracking is greatly lowered, assuring you of walls and ceilings of permanent beauty. Architects, contractors and plasterers prefer Celotex Lath. NORTON & HARRISON CO. KNEEDLER BUILDING MANILA, P. I. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 62 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 The condition is recent, but now constant; it reveals the city’s growth. Instance the run of One Hundred Men and a Girl at the new Lyric, where on Sunday, October 31, it gros sed the biggest take the Lyric ever had in one day. When patrons tele phoned inquiring for seats anywhere in the house, even every loge seat was taken. Now here is the more as tonishing part. The next day was All Saints Day, with Rizal Avenue made a one-way thoroughfare for the nonce and everyone in Manila, judging from the traffic, bound to the cemeteries for the night. This chance was chosen for getting into the Lyric to hear Deanna Durbin sing and watch Stokowski conduct. Amazingly, All Saints Day was no competition—downstairs all the standing room was sold out and up stairs not six seats were to be had for the seven o’clock show; and at nine o’clock the jam was still for bidding. Manila badly needs another large downtown theater at least, perhaps a first-rate airconditioned secondrun place somewhere on Rizal Avenue this side of Azcarraga. We may re turn to this general subject later. It is well worth following up. Perhaps a campaign of some sort is in order, a preliminary to which ought to be an ironclad pledge from lumber sup pliers not to up prices while the movement is on. Say, in a word, a bit of social justice for the man who owns a lot and is willing to risk it for the price of a rentable house. Buttons! There is an American investment of about $125,000 in fixed assets of the Philippine Button Corporation of which John L. Head ington, treasurer of the Chamber of Com merce. is the vice president and manager. The investment includes premises, build ings, machinery, tools, implements and equipment. Normally 300 workmen, many of whom are skilled, are employed, and 106 women. All receive living wages, medical and dental care and necessary hospitalization. The company manufac tures for its New York Sales Office, and does 2/3 of the Philippine manufacturing of pearl buttons from the shell gathered from Philippine coastal waters. Shell used in 1936 cost P184.569; other expenses chiefly labor summed P142.331, the whole expense being P326.900. Ship ments to the home office in 1936 summed 430,028 gross valued at P272,463. From 1931 to 1937 it is shown that the average invoice price per gross was 66-6/10 centa vos, and the average diameter of the but tons 16 lines. The U. S. tariff is 1% cents pei' line per gross, plus 25% ad valorem. On this company’s product as now running during a typical period, what the U. S. full duty would be can be drawn from these data, also the partial duties: 5% of full in 1941, 10% in 1942, 15% in 1943, 20% in 1944, 25% in 1945, and the full duty after termination of the Common wealth in 1946 unless intervening con gressional action effects a change. The full U. S. duty would be 72-65/100 centavos, 109% of the present total cost. Had the duty been apnlicable from 1931 to 1937, “we would have been compelled,” says Headington, to pay P2.346.477 on P2,152,731 worth of buttons which payment would have been absolutely impossible at any time during that period.” It is also cited that the buttons are made of ocean pearl exclusively, that the output is too small in the American market to raise objections from American manufacturers in the United States, and the cost too great t'- admit of undercutting such manufac turers even were the company disposed to do so. Headington concludes that the in dustry can’t withstand the full U. S. dntv, or the partial duties. It is apparent that this is true, and further, therefore, that remedial congressional action is advised by governing circumstances so cogently pres ented as to require no elucidation. Mean ing nothing to the United States, it is nevertheless important to the Philippines that such an industry be exempted from the annihilatory provisions of the TydingsMcDuffie act. WE MANUFACTURE Drainage Pipes » BUILDER’S First Choice Hume Centrifugal Pipes Cement Pipes Floor Tiles There are intangible qualities in cement pro ducts—Values that the experienced cement worker builds into his product. General observa Roofing Tiles tion may not reveal these qualities—Superior per-. Keystone Bricks formance proves their presence. . . They belong Hollow Blocks to the art of cement product manufacturing, in Posts which Manila Hume Pipe & Tile Works has long Clay Bricks been engaged. Today—throughout the Philip Synthetic Marble pines—Manila Hume Pipe & Tile Works Cement Terrazo Products are accepted as the recognized standard. When you have a spe cial problem or want a special job which calls for the use of cement products, consult with “Manila Hume-Pipe” EQUIPPED TO HANDLE YOUR first. JOB EFFICIENTLY MANILA HUME PIPE & TILE WORKS, INC. 1003 Cordeleria Manila ' Phone 6-71-10 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 19 37 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 63 Building in and about Manila HEACOCK DEMOLITION: The contract for the demolition of the earthquake-ruined Heacock Build ing has been let, and the work of tearing down the structure is pro ceeding rapidly. Windows, doors and removable bric-a-brac are all out now, and the contractor is preparing to erect his heavy machinery for pulling down the walls. We had an echo of the new "workers’ consciousness” here when employees of the contractor handling the demolition refused to work unless given higher pay, because, they said, the job was dangerous. A settlement has been arranged with them, how ever, and they are now working hap pily. Possibly the success of Amer ican sailors recently in demanding bonuses before shipping out on boats sailing for the Chinese war zone heartened these men in making their demands. Model home—the first attempt to apply this selling device to the Philippines is made at Juan Luna subdivision. The house also serves as a branch office. THE BOULEVARD AREA: De wey Boulevard, in that part where are located the Elks Club and the Bay View Hotel, is soon going to be the scene of great building activity. The Kneedler Realty Company has completed its plans for the construc tion of an addition to the Bay View Hotel on the same architectural lines as the present hotel, and joined on to it, so as to make a hotel twice as large as the present Bay View. Don Kneedler, who handles all of the building work undertaken by the Kneedler Realty, told the JOURNAL that this work will start as soon as possible, depending on weather con ditions. About this project, more anon. Bids are expected to be opened soon for the construction of the new residence of the United States High Commissioner to the Philippines on the extensive piece of filled-in bay adjoining the Elks Club. The JOURNAL understands that many (Please turn to page (>i) COLORFUL ACCOTILE For Home or Public Floors Inexpensive—moisture proof— easy to clean Bright colored beauty and clear, attractive marbling-features' hereto fore lacking in asphaltic tiles—have been achieved in Armstrong’s Accotile. Eighteen plain and sixteen marble colors can be combined in hun dreds of individual designs. Beautify your Home Beautify your Office Beautify your Store with Armstrong’s Flooring. F. H. Stevens U Co., Inc., will supply you with suitable materials and install them for you at a very reasonable cost. F. H. STEVENS & COMPANY, INC. 227 Calle David MANILA Tel. 2-21-01 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 64 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 Foreign Exchange Review October; 1937 The dollar which has been ruling continu ously weak in the local exchange market since the beginning of the year reached its highest level during October. Bank’s selling counter rate was at %% premium although the bulk of spot sales transactions was done at 36% discount. The fall of the dollar which began and became immediately noticeable in Novem ber, last year, may be attributed largely to the great excess of exports over imports. During 1935 when the total exports ex ceeded imports by only 10%, the dollar ruled fairly firm and was selling generally above par. During 1936. the excess of exports over imports reached about 35% and the value of exports to the United States alone exceeded imports from that country by about P80,000,000. Up to Sep tember 30th, this year, exports exceeded States are reported to have exceeded imports from that country by about P100,000,000. By the end of September, 1937, the pres sure on the dollar from export bills cover ing the 1937 sugar quota totally ceased. The bulk of dollar funds built up from the financing of sugar exports was also used up to pay for imports and other items due abroad. On account of change of method of financing, the seasonal inflow of funds coming from proceeds of spot sales of dol lar exchange substantially decreased. De spite these factors, however, the dollar hard ly reached parity with the peso during Oc tober. Buying rates for sight and 60 days bills were 34 % discount and 36 % discount re spectively. Offerings, however, were scarce and banks were disposed to bid at slightly improved rates. In the foreign exchange market, the ster ling continued to rule above the level of the first six months of the year, quoting at $4.96-19/32 per pound toward the close, although lower than the highest reached in August 1937, viz. $4.99%. However, the tone was markedly stronger than that of September due to reported appreciable movement of funds from New York to Europe. The strength of the sterling favored local exporters of coprax to Europe. In addi tion keen competition among buyers moved the rate for 60 days sterling bills as high as 2/0 3/8 (P9.85 1/2 per £) during Octo ber. Ruling selling rates during the month were 2/0 1/16 high and 2/0 1/8 low, P9.97 and P9.95 per £ respectively. As the French Control stepped out of the market during the beginning of Octo ber, the franc plunged to its lowest level in many years, quoting from $3.43 7/16 to $3.29 per 100 francs in the New York market. Compared with P9.45 per 100 francs during January in the local exchange market, this exchange reached its lowest at P6.70 during the month. Efforts of the French authorities to halt the diminishing value of the franc appeared to have succeeded as from the low of $3.20, this exchange moved up to $3.38 % during the latter part of the month. The highest level of the yen up to October was reached in August at $29.12 per 100 vens along with the rise of the sterling. During October it was quoted at a high of 828.94 in the New York market compared with $28.99 of September. On the other hand, in the Kobe market the highest reached was $28.8125 for October and 828.9375 for September. The lower rate prevailing in Japan tended to favor and accelerate movement of exports from that countr" although it also penalized itself by paying more for its imports which, how ever, suffered broad restrictions due to the requirements of war. Counter rates ruled at P58.30 high and P58.10 low. The Sino-Japanese conflict continued to paralyze exchange operations with Shang hai. Funds intended for Amoy which for merly were routed through Shanghai are now handled through Hongkong. Thus the exchange business with Hongkong was ac tive during the month. Counter rates rued at P60.10 high and P59.60 low for Shanghai dollars and P62.65 high and P62.45 low for Hongkong. u. s. Hi ph Do":: Sterling High Low High Low Yen High Low Shanghai Hongkong High Low High Low January .......................... . . 1 99.50 199.25 2/0-5/16 2/0-3/8 9.45 9.45 57.80 57.00 60.40 59.80 61.80 61.60 199.50 199.25 2/0-3/8 2/0-7/16 9.45 9.40 57.60 57.80 59.90 59.70 61.15 March .. ..;................... . . 199.75 199.50 2/0-3/8 2/0-7/16 9.45 9.20 57.60 57.40 59^95 59^80 61.20 61'10 April................................ . . 200.00 199.75 2/0-1/8 2/0-3/8 9.35 9.00 58.10 57.50 60.25 60.00 61.90 61.15 May ................................ . . 200.00 199.75 2/0-1/8 2/0-3/16 9.15 9.05 58.10 58.00 60.20 59.90 61.90 61.35 June ................................ . . 199.75 199.50 2/0-3/8 2/0-3/16 9.05 8.95 58.00 57.80 59.90 59.40 61.35 60.90 July .................... -.......... , . 199.75 199.50 2/0- 2/0-1/8 7.90 7.55 58.40 57.90 59.65 59.25 61.75 60.90 August ........................... . 200.00 199.75 1/11-15/16 2/0-1/16 7.65 7.60 58.70 58.40 60.55 59.25 62.80 61.90 September ....................... 200.75 199.75 2/0-1/16 2/0-1/8 7.60 6.85 58.40 58.10 60.40 59.90 62.65 62.25 October . . 200.25 199.75 2/0-1/16 2/0-1/8 7.00 6.70 58.30 58.10 60.10 59.60 62.65 62.45 Nicanor M. Bautista ARCHITECT 428 Rizal Ave. Tel. 2-94-13 Manila Building in ... (Continued from page 63) local contractors and builders will be unable to bid on this project, due to the very stringent contractors’-bond requirements. Mr. Oscar F. Campbell, former Manila contractor and now resident of Palo Alto, California, is here on a visit. It is Mr. Campbell’s habit to come here for visit, erect an important building, and then go back to Palo Alto. About his ability as a builder there can be no question; he built the National City Bank Building and the Army and Navy Club, among others. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 65 CABLE ADDRESS “JOHNSTON” I CODE “BEN TLEY’S” V JOHNSTON LUMBER CO.. INC SAW MILLS Baliwasan Sawmill Lubuan Sawmill Siocon Sawmill Lintangan Sawmill PLANING MILL Port Johnston Zamboanga, P. I. AGENT B. F. ELLIS 372% Loma Drive Los Angeles, California LUMBER YARDS Zamboanga, P. I. Iloilo, Iloilo, P. I. Cotabato, Cotabato, P. I. Jolo, Sulu, P. I. THE ANGELUS FURNITURE MANUFACTURING CO. OF LOS ITS KIND IN THE WORLD, USES 200.000 BD. FT. OF MAHOGANY LUMBER PER ANGELES. CALIFORNIA. THE LARGEST OF JOHNSTON S QUALITY PHILIPPINE MONTH JOHNSTON TOWING CO. CONTRACTORS AND STEVEDORES TUG BOATS. LAUNCHES AND SEA GOING AND HARBOR BARGES OWNERS OF BALIWASAN STOCK YARD. Zamboanga, P. I. Breeders of Pure Indian Nelore and Ongle Cattle TIGBAO-ABUNG CATTLE RANCH. Tigbao-Abung, Zamboanga SILUPA CATTLE RANCH CO...INC., Silupa. Dumanquilas Bay, Zamboanga. P. I. JOHNSTON TRADING CO. GENERAL MERCHANTS REPRESENTING: MANILA TRADING 8 SUPPLY CO.—Ford Cars. Trucks and Tractors and Genuine Ford Parts. GOODYEAR RUBBER 8 TIRE EXPORT CO.—Tires, Tubes. Belting and Spark Plugs. SOCONY-VACUUM OIL CO.—The Oldest and Largest Lubricating Oil Company in the World. T. J. WOLFF 8 CO.—Philips’ Radio, Perfection Stoves and Superflex Refrigerators. GENERAL PAINT CORPORATION—Paints, Varnishes. Enamels, Synthetic. Industrial and Technical Finishes. THEO. H. DAVIES 8 CO., LTD.—Insurances: Fire, Marine. Motor Car and Accident. WESTERN EQUIPMENT 8 SUPPLY COMPANY—Westinghouse Refrigerators, Radios, Electrical Equipment. Supplies, 8 Fixtures. ISUAN, INCORPORATED—Health Water of the P. I., Isuan Natural Mineral Water, Isuan Ginger Ale, Tru-Orange Squeeze, Seven-Up. etc. UNDERWOOD ELLIOT-FISHER SALES AGENCY—Underwood Standard 8 Portable Typewriters, Elliot-Fisher Book keeping and Accounting Machines, Underwood-Sundstrand Adding 8 Listing Machines, Meilink Steel Fireproof Safes, Kee Lox Carbon Papers 8 Typewriter Ribbons. Globe-Wernicke Steel Office Furniture 8 Filing Equipments, Ellams Rotary Duplicators 8 Supplies. The best of their kind in the world. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 66 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 COPRA AND ITS PRODUCTS By KENNETH B. DAY and LEO SCHNURMACHER Kenneth B. Day slightly less than September but nearly 24% above those of the previous October and over 17% more than the last eleven years average. In Cebu, with a delivery of over 400,000 bags, October* arrivals ex ceeded those of September by 10%*, those of the previous October by 46%■, and those of the last eight years average for October by about 45 (/c. Such large arrivals in Cebu were very surprising and all go to prove that 1937 is going to be Cebu’s biggest year. The month opened with buyers willing to pay P9.00 for resecada copra in Manila and about the equivalent in Cebu, but with sellers, who were comparatively oversold, holding off particularly because of signs of strength in the oil market. A bulge developed within the first week of the month and copra rapidly went up to a point where on October 6th a considerable vol ume of business was done at as high as Pl 0.00. Within a day after the cotton crop estimate of 17,543,000 bales was announced, the tension eased and the market dropped successively to P9.75, P9.25, and later to P9.00. Along toward the middle of the month the market stiffened up a little and a good deal of business was done at as high as P9.25. About the 25th of the month, however, the market dipped again and grew weaker until the close of the month when buyers’ ideas were down to P8.50 to P8.75 with sellers not particularly interested. Throughout this period there was a great deal of selling resistance and sellers were of the opinion that markets were unreason ably low and were sure to advance sooner At the beginning of October markets were quite firm and with the copra season drawing toward a close, both buyers and sellers were looking forward to fair prices for the balance of the year. Before the month was one-third over, however, the unexpectedly large cotton crop estimate in the United States, together with the col lapse of all commodity markets, put a dif ferent phase on things and from then on the market eased off gradually for the bal ance of the month, although the net loss for the entire month was not great. COPRA—Copra arrivals for October were exceptionally good in Cebu and far better than average in Manila. Again Manila ar rivals topped 500,000 bags, which was Leo SCHNURMACHER or later. For that reason the selling was far less than might have been expected, although by the- end of the month most sellers were fully covered for all commit ments and in fact held reasonable unsold stocks in the provinces. As has been the case recently, provincial prices throughout the month were well in excess of base equivalents and there was no time when legitimate buying and selling could have been done at the same date. This was especially true in the Manila dis trict where dealers- with contracts and mills with ag*encics were consistently biddinghigher than Manila prices warranted. The European market was firm and ac tive for the first part of the month with prices advancing from £14/10/0 to £15/2/6 for sundried with F.M.Q. 5/- under. By the end of the month, however, these prices had declined and the best bids obtainable were £14.2/6 for Cebu sundried, a loss of a full Pound during the month. As a mat ter of fact, this loss was accentuated by an additional increase in freight rates to Europe of 5/-, making the base rate to-day 75 shillings. Before this increase went into effect, however, dealers optioned a certain amount of space at lower rates, some of which has not been taken up even at this vrit’ng and will afford the means of more profitable sales than those made on to-day’s market and to-day’s freight rate. The Pacific Coast market for copra ad vanced from $2.65 to $2.80 during the month but at the end of the month declined to $2.60 with very few bids at that figure. Manufacturers e Best pistmas ift: A Manufacturers Life Insurance Policy It is mistaken kindness to provide so well today that there is no provision for tomorrow. Life INSURANCE COMPANY E. E. ELSER AGENCY KNEEDLER BLOG • MANILA E. L. HALL. MANAGER TEL. 2-15-04 HEAD OFFICE TORONTO. CANADA ESTABLISHED 1887 Considerable copra was sold both to Europe and to the States during the month. Shipments during October were partic ularly heavy, probably due in part to sev eral October loadings of vessels which had been previously scheduled for September shipment, together with at least one large charter for Europe. The space situation was still a difficult one at the end of the month with very little space offering for the balance of the year either for the Pa cific Coast or for Europe. Statistics for the month follow: Arrivals: Manila ................. 508,638 (Includes 2,400 sacks shipped from Cebu) Cebu ........................................... 481,792 Shipments: Metric Tons Pacific Coast ................................. 22,683 Atlantic Coast .......................... 1,524 Europe ........................................... 11,252 35,459 Stocks on hand: Beginning End of of Month Month Metric Metric Manila ................... 33,349 36,104 Cebu ....................... 32,027 30,184 COCONUT OIL—The month opened with buyers for oil willing to pay 4% cents c.i.f. New York for December/January ship ment and 4% cents for spot tank cars on the Pacific Coast. During the first week in the month a squeeze developed on the Pacific Coast which shot the price up to a high of 4-11/16 cents for a few spot tank cars, and at one time it was possible to sell small forward quantities of oil in New York at 4 ¥2 cents. As soon as the cotton estimate came out, however, prices imme diately sagged and thereafter the New York market, after a few days of quiet, went down to a base price of 4% cents for next year’s shipment, declining toward the end of the month to 4 cents and finally ending the month with buyers entirely out of the market. The Pacific Coast market was dull after the first week of the month with cars oc casionally sold at around 4 cents and not much interest one way or the other. While a fair amount of oil was sold at 4*4 cents in New York during the month, there was no great selling pressure because Philippine mills were finding difficulty in covering their requirements profitably with copra. Most of the spot business on the Coast was valueless to Philippine sellers because they either had no spot oil avail able on the Coast or were unable to get prompt space to take advantage of the few days of favorable prices. Shipments for the month totalled over 20,000 tons of oil—a very fair average for October. Statistics for the month follow: Metric Tons Shipments: Pacific Coast .............................. 1,475 Atlantic Coast .......................... 15,307 Gulf Ports .................................. 2,957 Europe ................................ 682 Other Countries ........................ 13 20,434 lleL'inninir End of of Month Month Metric Metric Tons Tons Stocks on hand in Manila and Cebu ................. 12,120 9,038 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 67 COPRA CAKE AND MEAL—Cake space to Europe was very hard to obtain either for the balance of 1937 or early 1938. Consequently, although there were buyers in Europe at favorable prices for cake, not a great deal was sold throughout the month. To fill the limited space available, some little cake was sold at prices ranging from P43.75 down to P43.00 f.o.b. for Hy draulic Cake with Expeller Cake approx imately P3.00 under. At the end of October there was a slight revival of demand for copra meal on the Pacific Coast and somebusiness was done for shipment through the first quarter of next year at prices rang ing up to $27.00 per short ton c.i.f. Prac tically all mills were well sold out for 1937 at the end of October. Statistics for the month follow: Metric Shipments: Pacific Coast .................................. 2,787 (Includes 46 tons to Honolulu) Europe ........................................... 5,892 China ............................................... 51 8,730 End of Month Metric 10,903 desicof Month Metric Slocks on hand in Ma nila and Cebu ......... 9,255 DESICCATED COCONUT—The cated coconut market was quiet through out October with prices unchanged on the basis of 8% cents c.i.f. New York and sales very slow. Indications are that prices may be reduced in November. This has not been a very good year for desiccated consumption in the United States. It has been a very wet year and as a result can dies made from coconut have tended to become moldy. For this reason, consump tion is down approximately 30%. Mills here found no difficulty in obtaining all the nuts they wanted at reasonable prices, but with demand light mills were not work ing at full capacity. Shipments tor th’e month totalled 3,186 tons. GENERAL—At the end of October mar ket prospects were not bright. It was very evident that there is a great overage of production of all commodities, and partic ularly of cotton. While coconut oil stocks were not excessive, so many competing oils and fats were in plentiful supply that there seemed to be little hope of other than a downward tendency throughout November. Ordinarily, at this time «£ war we expect prices to remain steady because of declining production in the Philippines. It appears, however, that in 1937 the situation in November will be less favorable than that for several months previously. Throughout the month the Joint Pre paratory Committee on Philippine Affairs was considering the data submitted to it by the Copra, Coconut Oil and Desiccated Coconut entities in September. Although no conclusions were drawn, it was felt that the coconut industries received a very fail hearing and could expect whatever assist ance was in the power of the members of the Joint Preparatory Committee, both American and Filipino. THE RICE INDUSTRY By Dk. V. Buencamino Manager, National It ice <& Carn Corporation Contrary to gen eral expectation, the market ruled weak and prices moved to lower levels. A selling wave hit the mar ket about the middle of the month, c o n s e - quently a good number of fair sized lots changed hands at prices below the parity of palay prices in the provinces. Some traders who have learned of the NARIC’s entry into the market be came alarmed and rushed to sell what lit tle holdings they had at sacrifice prices. Buyers had the situation in their hanas ex cept towards the close of the period when a reaction set in, precipitated by reports of extensive crop ’damage resulting from drought and plant pests. On the closing day of the month, there were strong indi cations of further favorable developments. Arrivals were comparatively meager re flecting the depleted stocks in the primary markets. Only 130,631 sacks have been re ceived in Manila, both by rail and water, compared with 131,048 sacks for September. The month opened with Macan No. 2 sell ing at P5.7O slumped down to P5.50 about the middle of the month and recovered slightly to P5.55 at the close, with a strong undertone. PALAY The price of palay was maintained over the parity of rice in Manila. This was mainly attributed to the presence of goodsized distressed narcels whose owners have been frightened by the presence of NARIC rice in the market. Stocks were reported very low, most mills operating on a strictly hand-to-mouth basis. Liquidation ->rices at Cabanatuan ranged from P2.60 to P2.65 at the opening compared with P2.50-P2.55 at the close. Free parcels fetched a price P0.10 to P0.20 more. Extensive damage to the standing crop has been reported in all the non-irrigated areas of Central Luzon and other places. It is now conceded that even if rain should fall, considerable damage has already been suffered and the probability is that the coming harvest will be materially decreased. Three Musketeers ... (Continued from page 13) lived in, and so would have risen to the top. Where competition might have been keener, and the rewards of unusual merit correspondingly greater, they would have won equal success: their fortunes would have been larger, and their good names more renowned. To this rule that the pioneer really loses, though he may seem to succeed, there is hardly an exception. Men of Captain Heath’s stamp never met their superiors, they aren’t born. In Oregon, the thirtyfive years he spent in the Philippines would have carried him far indeed: if devoted to culture, to some great university work and at last a college presidency; if devoted to publishing, at least a chain of thriving newspapers; or if devoted to public life, a career in Congress, surely in the Senate; for the men who do all these things are few indeed who, say in running discussion, would even boast themselves the peers of Captain Heath: most of them are palpably his inferiors. But to say no more, all he touched here he bettered; and he did not let the country get him down. This is enough. Biographical notes on the late Percy A. Hill and the late Captain Thomas Leonard will appear in later issues of the Journal Ed. THE MOST FAMOUS BISCUITS IN THE WORLD Wises Co. DISTRIBUTORS IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 68 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 Born King of... (Continued from page 8) parently from travel, as if she had been on a journey. And due investigation proved this to be true (we say). The image had left her niche, abandoned her chapel, and hastened to that dying wretch on the shore of Mariveles—there to give him final con solation, since we ourselves refrain from saying absolution. But to impart the lesson of the Mother, even in the brutal mind—indeed most par ticularly there—what better? Something has elevated the Philippine woman to a social station deservedly enviable even in the West, and partly it could be this tale, exceeding in the marvelous the rescue of Jonah. It is at Christmastide that Philip pine mothers bask in utter happiness, all their families dutifully at home and all obediently at church or helping with the hospitality. Every marriage in the Islands is based upon the expectation of children, every new one a new benediction on the Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corporation Authorized Capital ................................... $50,000,000 Issued and fully paid..................................... $20,000,000 Reserve Funds: Sterling ................................................... £ 6,500,000 Silver ....................................................... $10,000,000 Reserve Liability of Proprietors.................... $20,000,000 BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND HEAD OFFICE IN HONGKONG Sir VANDELEUR M. GRAYBURN, Chief Manager. LONDON OFFICE—9 Gracechurch Street, E. C. 3. MANILA AGENCY ESTABLISHED 1873—Agency in Iloilo Agents at Cebu: Messrs. Ker & Co. The bank buys and sells and receives for collection Bills of Exchange, issues drafts on its branches and correspondents in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Continent of Europe, Australia and Africa and transacts banking busi ness of every description. Current accounts opened in Philippine currency. Fixed deposits received in Philippine Currency, British or U. S. Currency at rates which may be had on application. C. I. Cookes, union. If they can not all be good, and of course many are rogues, are the evil ones worse for never putting their mothers quite out of mind? A man should remember his mother and be decent, that is more enlightened and infinitely best. But suppose he does not? Then at least he should remember his mother. If it helps him to believe the redemption on the shore of Mariveles, let him believe. We are so deeply corrupt and ignorantly depraved ourselves, we would believe. At a final hour, even that degra dation could be our star in the East. Something has happened in the parishes of the Philippines since President Quezon was a boy in the one at Baler, up the coast of Tayabas. It is their secularization, and it presents the president a study. When he was a boy at Baler, a poor boy, the streets were all tidy and clean—everyone helped in the sweeping of them twice a day and the burning of the trash. They were surfaced too, the parishioners turn ing to in crews when not otherwise em ployed and doing this for themselves. The church was always in fine repair, and the school too. This was more communal work. And there were commons where rice was grown for the teacher and the priest. The town wanted nothing, and it was clean; all their lives the people lived there, well content. When he had become high in politics and visited Baler again, Quezon found every thing changed—and changed for the worse. Why were the streets not repaired? There was no money. But in the president’s boy hood they were repaired without money. Yes, then, but now there is freedom—when men work they demand money. But why then are the streets dirty, this was woman’s work. Well, perhaps the women do not sweep because that streets are not re paired—there is no money for the wages. So it was with everything, the church was in disgraceful disrepair for want of money, the commons fields were no longer tilled for the priest and the teachers, because there was no money; in short, all civic pride had vanished with the advent of the franchise—Baler folk reveled in freedom without feeling the lightest of its real responsibilities. Since Christmas among Christians is a time for taking stock, this is a good place to stop. Where is He born king of the Jews ? His star has been seen in the East, men have come to worship him. That is splendid. The eternal question remains, worship him how. Manila Businessmen... (Continued from page 58) of by experts than by the average individual lacking the time, training or inclination properly to provide for these highly-important matters. The prospectus points out that Realty Investments stock will in due course be listed on the stock ex changes, thus providing ready saleability and liquidity of capital im possible to attain in the usual prop erty investment. (Please turn to page 69) PAMBUSCO Not One Road-“Hog in Our Fleet of 140 Busses. Can You Say That Honestly of Yourself? Fifteen-Minute Service From Manila to Points North Sanitary Drinking Founts—Electric Fans Toilets in Our Waiting Rooms Travel by the Safe, Courteous and Efficient Pambusco System TELEPHONE 4-99-82 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 69 TOBACCO REVIEW By P. A. Meyer October, 1937 Rawleaf: Buy ing in the Valley is going on very slowly. In the Cagayan province the greater part of the crop has been bought up, while in the Isa bela province about half of the available tobacco is still in the hands of the far mers. Exports to the U. S. A. were above average. Comparative fig ures are: Rawleaf Stripped Tobacco and Scraps Kilos Belgium ....................... 35,206 China ........................... 7.497 France ......................... 15.600 Guam ........................... 5,198 Holland......................... 1,534 Hongkong ................... 4,950 Italy ............................. 300,000 Straits Settlements .. 2,249 United States ............. 268,447 Uruguay ....................... 4,720 Oct., 1937 .......... 645,401 Sept., 1937 .......... 2,141,370 Oct., 1936 .......... 102,117 Jan.-Oct., 1937 .......... 11,968,519 Jan.-Oct., 1936 .......... 10,206,522 Cigar shipments to the United States vere as follows: Chars Oct., 1937 •........ 20,428,920 Sept., 1937 ........ 20,563,441 Oct., 1936 ........ 16,630,801 Jan.-Oct., 1937 ........ 151,116,093 Jan.-Oct., 1936 ........ 143,250,943 Manila’s High-grade... (Continued from, page H) materials limit the possibilities. Rattan furniture, in a word, fits admir ably into plans for reciprocal PhilippineAmerican commerce, just as does flour into Manila from Seattle and Portland. It is not something that competes with an es tablished American industry, if it be said that its competition with wood furniture is but slight and indirect. Eventually, adap tations of wood and rattan as the common materials in certain styles of furniture may even benefit the wood-furniture manu facturer. Many refinement of use of rattan in furniture are in the offing, dependent on the resources of thoroughly modern fac tories and the skill of craftsmen. These and many other advantages should come to the Manila industry, founded as it has been on genuine workmanship and a dur able and presentable product of true beauty and utility. Attention may be invited to an industry in America to which importation of Ma nila rattan furniture gives rise, the mak ing of cushions utilizing steel springs, burlap, felt, cotton padding, etc., and stout coverings. Already these cushions are made at our largest distributing point to date, Los Angeles, more satisfactorily than in Manila, partly on account of the soaring price of kapok in the Philippines. Every chair, every chaise longue and sofa requires cushions, and fabricating them in the United States offsets any curtailment of employ ment that might arise from making the furniture itself in Manila. In short, the future of the industry is most promising in any scheme of trade based upon the Cordell Hull plan of true economic reciprocity. There are so many indications on every hand not merely that the existing demand is well-nigh insatiable, but that it will tend constantly to expand and take divers forms. Among these in dications is the use of trailers. There are predictions in the automotive industry that very shortly, as many as twenty million Americans will be using trailers either through a part, or throughout all, of the year. Rattan is quite certain, when Ma nila factories become resourceful enough, to find its way into standard trailer acces Uuknhama ffiuuk ----------—---------51ti>. .. - (Established 1880) HEAD OFFICE: YOKOHAMA, JAPAN Capital (Paid Up) ...................................................................................... 100,000.000.00 Reserve Funds ................................................................................................ 134,400,000.00 Undivided Profits ............................................................................................... 10,745,726.33 MANILA BRANCH 34 Plaza Cervantes, Manila S. DAZAI, Manager Telephone 2-37-59 Manager Telephone 2-35-28 Import Dept. Telephone 2-37-58 Export & Current Telephone 2-37-68 Remittance'^ Deposit Dept. Deposit Account Dept. Telephone 2-37-55 Cashier & Accountant Jlie Sffci'tionaf (Lily ew ESTABLISHED 18 2 ----------------- — — Capital (Paid) - - U. S. $ 77,500,000.00 Surplus------------ ” 43,750,000.00 Undivided Profits ” 12,949,374.52 Total Assets------ $1,893,890,871.77 (a9 of March 31, 1937) ----------- ----------COMPLETE BANKING SERVIGES MANILA OFFICE National City Bank Building sories and comforts. And more than that, into special equipment of many trailers built to order for professional needs. For the present, no manufacturer need look beyond today’s pressing demand upon his factory for its utmost production. But the situation will not be stabilized until production approaches actual demands. The future should be kept open to this end. Extrac ed from Rattan Products Mf.i. Co.’s brief to tne MacMuiray Committee.—Ed. Manila Businessmen... (Continued from page 68) The officers and directors of this company are: S. F. Gaches, Pres ident; Miguel Unson, (President of the National Life Insurance Com pany), Vice-President; C. M. Hos kins, Secretary & Treasurer; Amos G. Bellis, Asst. Secretary & Treas urer; B. H. Berkenkotter, J. C. Vickers, and B. S. Ohnick, directors. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 70 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 Old Deacon ... (Continued from page O’) Prautch, of course, unable to tolerate the compromises involved in such a course, moved on to other effort and let his con freres lag at more ease behind him. In Gregorio Aglipay, a peasant educated enough, and boldly imaginative enough, to have already proclaimed a Filipino National Church, Prautch discovered a colleague to his liking. These two merry gentlemen, whom nothing could dismay, had mutual fun in getting Aglipay’s infant church on its feet and teaching it to stand erect against opposition. This was really a miniature Reformation, which keeps grow ing. Prautch often told friends, his eyes twinkling with honest cunning, of Aglipay’s perturbation over his excommunication. He was reheartened only when Prautch, deriving authority from the clouds, or dained and anointed him bishop of his own church. It was in Prautch's house; there were three persons present, Aglipay, Prautch, and Mrs. Prautch. It seemed in deed a small gathering for such portentous action, but Prautch recalled holy references that made the number blessedly sufficient. There was the one to baptize and exhort, there was the one to be the recipient of these services, there was the one to witness all. Because Prautch was known to be a reliable news tipster, though his news was often too hot for publication, the old Manila Times that day held front-page space open for this story. Either then or not much later, Bishop Aglipay himself practiced the ban of ex communication. Wagnerian thunders rolled in chapel hymns. •In those early years, Prautch traveled a great deal in the provinces, aiding botanists at the Bureau of Science by turning up odd plant specimens now and then—some of them of commercial value. In these travels he came to know the people better than other men did; because he lived in the people’s homes, paying his humble hosts for his keep, and listened with rising in dignation to the annals of their benighted misery. When it was desired by the government to launch an attack against the caciques’ power that was planned to be a consistent one, it was logical that Old Deacon Prautch—Deacon because of his whilom missionary status in India—should be named commander of the forces of assault. He was made, then, head of the rural-credit administration in the Bureau of Agricul ture, charged with the joyous responsibility of organizing and founding rural credit associations. He tried and tried ... tried to find little groups of five reliable men each, in the villages and hamlets, to be the directors of the associations. He visited all these communities, and tried with all the force of a man invincible, to indoc trinate them with the simple conception of associations of peons and small holders for the common purpose of self-help. Another man would have been discouraged, he would have quit. Failure and disappointment only made Prautch work the harder. But it all came to so little. 'Philippine society was not far enough along for it, and like other societies, could not lift itself by its bootstraps. The associations them selves sprouted like mushrooms, that was easy. But instead of small short-time crop loans to members, the directors gen erally transferred all the capital into long term loans to themselves: in this way procuring additional funds with which to practice the usury they had organized themselves to abate. Most of these loans are still uncollected, and probably much of the P4,000,000 involved is forever lost—the situation having intruded itself into politics. If Prautch would make no compromises, wiser men would. We all did, as we one and all know we did, and we dipped pens in the old patriarch’s blood to write up the entries of the tangible profits. But most of all, of course, the men directly respon sible did: Filipinos who for personal gain continued betrayal of their inarticulate brother, because they had excuse to do so in this man’s own shortcomings. Well, be all as it may, such were some of the ex periences of the most incorrigible idealist among all the Americans who came to the Philippines to associate themselves with the vain founding of democracy here.’ Though usury never ceased expanding, the Islands grew more prosperous; and when everything is going finely, what more raucously wearisome than the lamentations of an utterly quixotic moralist: in Troy until the Greeks did come, Apollo, disap pointed of Cassandra’s love, vengefully held the Trojans under the willful spell of never heeding her direful prophecies. So we all tired of Old Deacon Prautch at last. About four years ago we let it be that the gov ernment retire him on a pension, to spread over five years and then to stop. His pay had always been small, his least concern, and of course the pension was even smaller. But it sufficed, and it is seen that he died in time—there was something left for the expense a fellow leaves upon the surviving (Please turn to page 72) % JUST AS SURELY AS THE EARTH MORE PEOPLE TELL — THE PEOPLE YOU SELL” MR. ADVERTISER: The MANILA DAILY BULLETIN Reaches Your Prospects—People Who Have the Money to Pay for the Goods You Have to Sell. IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL 71 Commodities Canton (Low Grade Cordage Fiber) Cigar (Number) .................................. Coconut Oil ............................................ Copra Meal Cordage ..................................................... Desiccated and Shredded Coconut .. Embroideries .......................................... Hats Number.......................................... Knotted Hemp .............. Leaf Tobacco .............. Lumber (Cu. M.) .... Pearl Buttons (Gross) Sugar ................................ Other Products .............. Total Domestic Products United States Products Foreign Countries ........ Grand Total .... PRINCIPAL EXPORTS August, 193'i August, 1936 Monthly average for 12 months previous to August, 1937 Quantity Value 243,619 16.836.611 20.066.068 26.542,344 7.683,960 412.066 4,638.870 51,112 14.783,169 3.103 52,461 12.902 1.544.694 48.464 75.889,141 P 32.519 0.1 493.616 1.5 5,410,777 17.2 3.490,796 11.0 387.280 1.2 174,792 0.6 1.236.744 3.9 797.642 2.5 79,794 0.2 3.830,193 12.2 6.600 — 11.601 — 676,876 1.8 213.289 0.7 36.636 0.1 9.663.963 30.6 5.139,493 16.3 Quantity 667,555 16.868.960 7.616.872 32.159.906 8.256.531 481.722 3.495.138 61.534 15,661.619 463.804 1.788.721 7.576 1.729.729 72.466 19.268.661 Value P 52.010 518,689 1.195.377 3.107.272 255.982 177.869 886,393 770,236 86,996 2.992.855 17.672 239.830 239.895 171.065 47,648 2.534.498 3.529.141 Quantity Value % 605.662 15.205.238 11.889.806 17.655,092 8.645.506 636,752 3.271,511 57,682 15.077.830 44.179 928.541 10.597 1.494,472 62.262 65,530,382 Note :—All quantities are in PRINCIPAL IMPORTS Monthly average for August. 1937 August. 1936 12 months previous Articles August. 1937V-1..C C V-lue of. Value % 423.593 3.1 P 592.065 3.5 P 549.740 3.0 Automnhile Accessories . 158.899 1.2 202.906 1.2 160.971 0.9 Automobile Tires ........ 168.603 1.2 330.570 2.0 248.674 1.4 Books and other Printed Matters .... 237.160 1.7 127.140 0.8 156,664 0.8 Breadstuff Except Wheat Flour ...................... 116.462 0.8 115 463 0.7 113.836 0.6 Cacao Manufactures Ex cept Candy ................ 106.100 0.7 72.589 0.4 98.312 0.5 Cara and Carriages ... 76.680 •0.6 103.707 0.6 136 523 0.8 Chemicals Dyes, Dnigs, E'c 160 701 2.7 513 031 482 641 2J Coal . ............................ 130.099 0.9 392,961 2.3 192 285 Ccffee Hair and Prepared . 0.7 123 463 115 530 0.6 Cotton Cloths ................ 2 008.142 14.6 2 037.831 12 1 1.675.906 9.2 Cotton. All Other .......... 1 104 630 SO 1 212 288 7.2 1.091 984 6.0 Dairy Products ............ 534.323 3.9 980.732 6.8 684.575 3.8 Diamond and Other Pre cious Stone Unset . .. 72.116 0.5 124.188 0.7 104.193 0.6 Earthen Stone and Chinaware ................ 73.523 0.5 113.541 0.6 101.389 0.6 Eggs and Preparation of 26.880 0.2 20.282 0.1 24.959 Electrical Machinery 333.938 2.4 404.399 2.4 559.094 3.1 Explosives ...................... 32.584 0.2 128.004 0.8 172 505 0.9 Fertilizers ...................... 33.840 0.2 123,608 0.7 341.785 Fihers. Vegetables and Manufactures of ........ 239.174 1.7 233.664 1.4 379 421 2.1Fish and Fish Products 267.358 1.9 173.521 1.0 264.939 Fruits and Nuts............ 139.009 1.0 146.728 0.9 209.767 Gasoline ...........................' 49.733 0.4 199.842 1.2 491 930 2 7 Glass and Glassware .. 162.642 1.2 133.931 0.7 154 037 India Rubber Goods . . 110.326 8.0 171.298 1.0 144.512 0.8 Instrument and Appa1 ratus not Electrical . 105.567 0.7 97,294 0.6 86.290 0.5 Iron and Steel Except Machinery .................. 1 421.788 10.4 1.672.951 9.9 1 840.889 •10.1 Leather Goods .............. 203.340 1.5 89.428 0.5 184 391 1.0 Machinery and Part of 542.117 3.9 868.338 5.1 1.191 374 6.2 Meat Products .......... 135.975 1.0 173.282 234 747 Oil. Crude ...................... 666.470 315,190 292.069 Oil, Illuminating .......... 186,467 216.451 1.2 Oil. Lubricating ............ 42,127 0.3 157.466 0.3 113.681 Other Oils. Animal Min eral and Vegetable .. 50.582 0.4 61.789 0.4 114,569 0.6 Paints. Pigments, Var nish. Etc......................... 69.969 0.5 142.067 0.8 153 506 0.8 Paper Goods Except Books . 352.499 2.6 4’6.605 2.5 436.304 2.4 Perfumery and Other Toilet Goods ............ 102.870 0.7 119.212 0.7 137.613 0.7 Rice .................................. 70.066 0.5 158.872 0.9 738 647 4.0 Shoes and Other Footwear . 55 415 0.4 55.835 0.3 47.372 Silk. Artificial .............. 377.273 2.8 412.223 2.4 365.128 2.0 Siik. Natural .................. 124.059 0.9 136.509 0.8 131.981 0.7 Soaps ................................ 12.652 76.610 0.4 94.105 0.5 Sugar and Molasses 47.250 0.4 22.433 0.1 32.565 0.2 Tobacco and Manufactures of 76.499 0.6 290.686 1.7 538.667 2.9 Vegetables ...................... 268,075 1.9 227.072 1.3 172.843 0.9 Wax .................................. 101.134 0.7 57,802 0.3 83.737 0.5 Wheat Flour.................... 543.423 4.0 855.216 5.1 651.845 3.6 Wood, Reed, Bamboo and Rattan ............. .e. 51.620 0.4 77,611 0.5 72,609 0.4 Woolen Goods ............‘. 72,047 0.5 131.099 0.8 86.407 0.5 Other Imports.............. 1.392.741 10.2 1.272.879 7.5 1.696.291 9.3 Grand Total ............ P13,648.557 — P16.861.188 — P18.110.891 — TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES Ports August, 1937 August. 1936 Monthly average for 12 months previous August. 1937 P31.580.511 99.1 — P16.823.418 99.1 284.269 0.9 — 111,239 0.7 20.310 — — 43,888 0.2 P31.885.090 P16.978.643 — kilos except where otherwise indicated. IMPORTS Philippine American British . . Danish Dutch .. French . German Greek........................ Italian .... Japanese .................. Norwegian ............ Panaman ... Swedish .................. By Freight .......... American Aeroplane Mail ........................ Total ......... . Nationality of Vessels Philippines ...................... American ........................ British ............................ Chinese ........................ Danish ............................ Dutch ............................ French .............................. German .......................... Greek .............................. Italian .............................. Japanese ........................ Norwegian ...................... Panaman .................. Swedish ............................ By Freight ...................... American Aeroplane ... Mall ................................ Total ........................ August. 1937 Value ■p r«3 0.1 26.8 2 Mon thly average for August. 1936 12 months previous Au-ust. 1937 P16 458 033 EXPORTS 31 li 0 3 3 0 22 14 0 0 93 Manila Iloilo . Cebu . Jolo .. Value % Value Zamboanga .................... Davao .............................. Jose Fanganiban .......... Total ........................ P25.675.909 6.548,023 10.019,056 37.974 448,795 1.878.152 674,454 10.392 440.392 56.3 P23.361.388 14.4 1.595,684 22.0 5.250.375 — 78.163 0.9 387.120 4.1 1.531.271 1.5 1.634 732 % Value % 0.9 P45,633,64/7 — P33.839.733 69.1 P27.051.305 63.0 4.7 5.761.870 13.5 15.4 5.961.408 13.9 0.2 63.485 0.1 1.1 469.464 1.1 4.5 1.816.203 4.2 4.8 1.320.519 3.1 — 3,283 — — 259,263 0.6 P42.711.800 0.2 26.0 34.3 0.3 2 0 7.3 6.8 0.2 0.1 1.0 2.3 Value P 38 8 % 0.2 7 6 0 ■2 '.0 I.O I.8 ~2 2 8 "’nnthly average for August. 1936 12 months previous August. 1937 530 180 35.000 151.181 2.184,664 2.561,204 184.361 P14.801.698 2,176.848 6.2 P1(L9787546~ 22 1 1.0 3.0 5.3 12.8 0.1 33.f 20J O.f 2.F ’95.3 1.7 TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES Countries August. 1936 Monthly average"for 12 months nwious August. 1937 Vah> <7, Value <7, Value United States . . United Kingdom Australia Aus'ria .......... pritish East Indies Canada .. . .. China .............. Denmark .............. Dutch East Indies . France.................... France East Indies Germany ................ Hongkong ............ Italy ........................ Japanese-China Netherlands .......... Norway ................ Sweden .................. Switzerland .......... Other Countries . . Total ........................ P33.745.990 . 1.646.626 491.682 17.163 438.624 363.530 175.530 713.697 42.608 309.337 204,176 67.179 758.490 459.663 123,768 4 5°0 066 23.148 404,376 163.492 13,677 28,330 116.454 194,343 440,798 P45,583.647 74 0 P20 3.12 064 3.6 1 282 333 1.1 590 369 — 2.789 0.9 336.232 0.8 415.715 0.4 371.509 1.6 773.930 0.9 69.366 0.7 451.874 0.5 459.546 0.1 111.747 1.7 1,074.019 1.0 307.149 0.3 191.238 10.1 4.103.888 19,654 0.9 1.543,998 0.4 65.625 — 15,348 — 384.659 0.3 152 147 0.4 114.012 0.9 481,612 P33.839.733 50.6 P30.306.961 3.8 1.299.778 1.8 513.557 — 7.681 00 370.099 1.2 536.178 1.1 320.662 2.3 727.004 0.2 90 013 1.3 401.116 1.4 318.218 0.3 431.531 3.2 921.154 0.9 272.370 0.6 142.004 12.5 4.287.470 — 20.595 4.5 568.138 0.2' 58.590 — 302.513 1.1 119.436 0.4 116.076 0.3 94.712 ' 1.5 396,205 P42.711.800 72 THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL November, 1937 Old Deacon ... (Confined from page 70) when he bids goodbye and goes away to another world. Prautch had been for some years the president of the Pioneers’ Club of Manila. This is the club founded about eight years ago by oldtimers, nearly all of them vete ran volunteer soldiers of the Philippine campaigns—the Occupation, and the sub sequent suppression of the Aguinaldo in surrection—who founded the club because they required a home of their own during their old age, and America maintains no soldiers’ homes in the Islands. The Pioneers’ Club of Manila runs a little monthly magazine, a quite present able one. In May, when in a few days he was to die, Prautch stuck Taps on the mag azine’s cover: "Day is done, gone the sun from the lake, from the hills, from the sky: all is well, safely rest, God is nigh." And so it proved to be. But because his spirit was unquenchable, burning as it ever did with a flame of unselfish righteousness, Prautch strode bravely through his latest years like Old Browning says man should. He was not a thoughtless optimist, far from it. But he was wittingly so. For him, therefore, the best was ever yet to come, “the last of life for which the first is made.” Like Browning, too, he might have been more brutish as he went along, but it seems he had resolved with himself, if not with his Maker, never to sink in the scale. He never did. All this is no amend, of many affronts to his persistent admonitions to join him in assaulting windmills; but none the less, it is typed with a cutting sense of con trition. Prautch sleeps in the Pioneers BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL DIRECTORY P. O. Box 1394 Telephone 2-20-70 Philippines Cold Stores J. A. STIVER Attorney-At-Law—Notary Public Wholesale and Retail Certified Public Accountant Dealers in Administration of Estates American and Australian Receiverships Refrigerated Produce Investments Collections Income Tax STORES AND OFFICES 121 Real. Intramuros Manila. P. I. Calle Echague Manila. P. I. nranzSKi <T ® * * CHINA BANKING CORPORATION MANILA, P. I. Domestic and Foreign Banking of Every Description Plot in Cementerio del Norte. I do not say, in peace. I believe his soul' rides another steed, in the martial habiliments of another Quixote, and that the horn of the hustings, blown by one fool and an other, winds ceaselessly on the hills of eventual human justice. There will be no taking of the citadels of caciqueism in the Islands, except Prautch be there to receive the surrender gallantly and hand back the vanquished sword. For though the man’s heart was brave beyond describing, yet it was gentle and noble, kind, and cavemed with pools of understanding and forgiveness. This pro nounced attitude overflowed constantly, and washed away all malice. Though all of us knew him, carefully, only downtown, as we had to do unless we were to become his Sancho Panzas, yet there was a place at his board where he kept a welcome for us. No doubt he will still. Minor Industries and the Export Taxes These levies would fold up much business Captain S. Davis Winship submitted the brief to the MacMurray committee for the Philippine embroidery industry the tops the minor Philippine industries affected by the prospect of the partial U. S. duties to be levied on Philippine products marketed in the United States during the 1941-1946 period, the full duties thereafter unless special trade terms are effected between the Islands and the United States. (The universal petition is that the trade terms now existing be continued), and the Com monwealth ten-year period be left un changed). Hand embroidery leading to the sale of large yearly quantities of American textiles chiefly cotton has found a place in Philip pine home industry on a basis of a very narrow margin of profit limited by the additional factor of the long distance from the American marketing centers, the out standing one being New York. Large American garment houses have manufac turing branches in Manila, others are sup plied by local companies. The embroider ing is done in the homes of women in the provinces during hours given otherwise to no lucrative activity. Sewing and condi tioning, laundering, packing, etc., is all done in Manila, where as many women are hired for it as for the embroidering. Thus half the employment is in Manila, half in the provinces. American capital is employed, about $4,000,000. From 100,000 to 150,000 Fili pinos are employed according to the de mands of orders in hand, and for the most part they are women. Embroidery merely adds daily pittances to the cash income of poor families, where the opportunity to undertake it is a god send. Remuneration is on the piece basis, the cost of materials is 50% of the total cost of the completed garments. Staples are the bulk of the business, distance pre cludes ventures in style goods; the gar ments benefited by Philippine embroidering ordinarily retail at from 50 cents to $2 apiece, though “there is a small but certain demand for garments up to $10 or more.” The business varies precisely with po pular prosperity in the United States. In 1926 the customs invoices sumed $5,992,389; in 1933, $1,899,315; in 1935, $5,076,245; in 1929, highest of all, $6,011,533. Labor’s compensation is obtained by dividing by two. Captain Winship says it is improb able that embroidery can pay the partial U. S. duties during 1941-1946 and thereafter the full duties, and survive—prices can’t be raised to absorb the taxes, levied on the value of the finished garments,.not merely on the value added in the Philippines. He says that even now the margin of profit is very small. Our own information of the industry indicates that this is true; to ask the women to work at lower rates would be almost absurd, fully so were it not for the fact that no alternative employment of their idle time offers. The embroidery factories number twenty, engaging the work of 50,000 or more women in Manila and a like number in Luzon prov inces. Frustration of this industry would have telling effect of the most widespread character throughout Luzon, and notably in Manila. The only American competi tion is in the southwestern slates, where price and workmanship are below Philippine standards, and machine embroideries partly deriving from Puerto Rico. Continental machine output averages about $20,000,000 a year, Philippine hand production some times runs 25% as high; of American use of cotton embroideries hand and machine made, continental, insular, and foreign combined, Manila supplied about 12%% in 1935. . AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL P. O. Box 1638—Manila — 180 David RATES Philippines - - - P4.00 per year United States - - - $2.00 Fo'eign Countries - $3.00 IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTS PLEASE MENTION THE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL you wouldn't cut your own hair— let an expert lubricate your car Inefficient servicing cuts short the life of any car. Work of the staffs operating SHELL SPECIALISED LUBRICATION is closely controlled by the SHELL Company so your car is safe in their hands. SHELL SPECIALISED LUBRICATION takes a load off your mind. SHELL SPECIALISED LUBRICATION SERVICE THE ASIATIC PETROLEUM CO., (P. I.) Ltd., Manila IN RESPONDING TO ADVERTISEMENTSPLEASE MENTION ^FhE AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL Motorists! Now Ready! 1937-38 Edition of FAMOUS ROAD MAPS Let this Time-Saver work for you P to date . . . shows the route at a glance Compact, in book form, size 7 by 10 inches - - - conve niently fits the pocket of your car. Includes all P. I. highways. A valuable road guide for your mo toring trips. FREE At your SOCONY SERVICE STATION or AGENT. Ask the attendant for a copy while having your car Mobilubricated or the crankcase drained and refilled with— MOBILOIL The World’s Quality Motor Oil SOCONYAND MOBILOIL ESQ STANDARD VACUUM OIL COMPANY /.V /</'S/'O.\7;/.\f, TO AlA'ER I lSEMEN'I S I’LFASE MENTION THF AMFRK AN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE JOURNAL