The Carolinian

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Part of The Carolinian

Title: The Carolinian
Issue Date: Volume XXX (Issue No. 1) August-September 1966
Year: 1966
Language: English
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extracted text: ew progr hr tte University _ . V ojHSan Carlos hB RUDOLF RAHMANN, SVD USC President cd lord^Lnity “At this moment in human history, when knowledge is explod ing at an unprecedented rate, to endow mankind with opportunities undreamed of in earlier generations, the purpose of the University is to educate men and women who will promote the development of society to the highest attainable level.” This was a high point in the presidential address of Sir F. Cyril James at the opening session of the Fourth General Conference of the International Association of Universities held in Tokyo in the summer of 1965. Sir Cyril, British economist and educator, was addressing a large and illustrious audience of University heads and professors. One can, of course, present some arguments about such a state ment. However, Sir Cyril has at least stressed an essential function of -the University, a function that has to do with the fundamental and vital needs and aspirations of every individual, of any nation, and of all mankind. Perhaps, never in his long history has man been aware of these needs and of whatever concerns him, as he is in our days. It is, therefore, also good for us, teachers and students of the University of San Carlos, to remind ourselves, at the beginning of another academic year, of this purpose of our respective efforts. The teachers should bear in mind that the services they render in order to contribute to the achievement of this purpose are noble indeed. For their part, the students should renew their endeavor to meet the challenge that goes with seriousness of purpose and the desire to attain the harmonious development of all the faculties of soul and body. May God the Father Almighty abundantly bless the efforts of during the academic year we have just started. CDITORIAl THE CAROLINIAN is the official student Publication of the University of San Carlo*: its contents do not necessarily reflect the thinking of the University Administration in issues involving purely student mailer. It has been reentered as second chiss mail matter at the Cebu City Post Office on June 22. 1962. Its editorial offices are on the main campus, Cebu Cily. PhilipAUGUST-SEPTEMBER, 1966 Vol. XXX No. 1 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Eirah Gorre ASSOCIATE EDITOR Richard Paradies LITERARY EDITOR Nilda Mildred M. Castro Carmen T. Fernandez Melinda Bacol STAFF Virginia A. Flordelis Zenda Garcia WRITERS PILIPINO SOCIETY L Rodolfo Kintanar | ROTC EDITOR Manuel Ramos Ochoa SPORTS EDITOR ' Rodolfo Cemine Medardo Gabiana ARTISTS l Virginia I. Patindol .. EDITORIAL ASSISTANT Mr. Jess P. Vestil ADVISER Rev, Luis E. Schonfeld, SVD . MODERATOR The Approach July marked the beginning of a new school year. We einbarked on a new course, a new vision. We joined the flow of the enrollment tide and were thereupon swept among the crowd, the multitude. We encountered diffi culties, we were exasperated after a few rounds of getting topsy-turvy schedule, of missing the right classrooms, and feeling lost in the big new world of the university. After a while, we felt more at ease, we relaxed, we greeted, we chatted, we laughed. This is where we belong, we thought, this is our world. But before we sink deep into a feeling of smug selfcomplacency, let us spare a moment to ponder on our aim in coining to the university, more particularly, to the Uni versity of San Carlos. Was it parental wishes that made us come, or was it monetary considerations, sheer boredom or conformity with what the rest are doing? What is, after all, the most basic aspiration of every man, the fundamen tal aim of every student in struggling for a university edu cation? Jacques Maritain tells us — “The chief aspira tions of a person are aspirations to freedom — I do not mean that freedom which is free will and which is a gift of nature in each of us, I mean that freedom which is spontaneity, expansion, autonomy, and which we have to gain through constant effort and struggle.” We aim, there fore, to conquer our internal and spiritual freedom, to liberate ourselves from political, social, religious bondage and to find self-determination. We came to become free, spontaneous, outgoing individuals, willing to commit our selves freely and intelligently. However, we must realize how slender the thread that divides true freedom from a false superficial one. Freedom of the individual does not mean avoiding baths or going around in sloppy clothes and with disheveled appearance, nor docs it mean rejecting authority, society and everything else just for the sake of rejection. Freedom is not an aim less movement, like a piece of paper floating around with out purpose or goal. On the contrary, we, as intelligent students, see something worthy of our dignity as man, and that thing we make the fire to light our life. This is the internal discipline of a goal to be achieved, a job to be done. We see our studies, our lessons, our extra-curricular ac tivities as good and worthy of us, so we commit ourselves to them freely. This is freedom — our free commitment to work, to play, to study, to love — not because we are forced to do so or because we want to conform to the normal trend, but because we see it as worthy of our efforts. As Carolinians, we must attend classes not because the teacher checks our absences, we must do our homeworks not be cause we fear a failing mark, we must use the library facili ties not because we have no other choice. External discipline of teachers, advisers, deans or the registrar can be disposed of, if we knew the meaning of true freedom. Our major discipline factor is ourselves. We, with internal discipline of a work to be done that must be done well, see that uni versity work is worthy of us. Hence we commit ourselves freely, and achieve self-determination in the process. Responsible Carolinians must develop the internal dis cipline of hard work, not because everybody expects us to nor because we are forced to do so, but rather because we chose to do so. Only then would we see the joy in study, the pleasure in hard work, the satisfaction in struggle. As Jacques Maritain says — “No one is freer, or more inde pendent than the one who gives himself for a cause or a real being worthy of the gift.” — Lily C. Uy THE CAROLINIAN Page Three Carmen T. Fernandez BSC III /Densees As I wasted ink and lead on sheets and sheets of paper scribbling images thot looked up at me like detached intruders distorted with confused virtues, it never occurred to me that I came up with some thing quite real in a way. It seems people have always been like this: confused, vir tuous and distorted. A great lover can be virtuous. Then you will have doubts, and he will have his own, too. Well, but what is virtue today? Some times, one just has to learn how to dis trust. I do not know whether this is what you call self-deterioration or whether I'm just beginning to see things as they really are, without the pink glasses of what was once youth, stupid youth. It seems that there is in every people we meet that knowing look of scrutiny, a look that takes in the other as if he contributes to the threat of his "survival". In the end, everything seems to be competitive. You'll have to be on guard with people, and you will not be all too surprised that it will be all the more so with people whom you have gotten to know. It makes one feel selfish, just as the rest of them are selfish. It makes one feel that he has to be selfish because he can't afford to let their selfish ness crush his plans for what he hopes to be his future. Looking back, it makes one feel that the convent walls and the priestly tales were lies: it has withheld the truths of what a friend of mine has termed "the brute realities of life". But then they were just too young and too sheltered to know. Even in college, students haven't been given their full burden yet, their burden of individual assertion. Advisers who range from priests to laymen still tell them what to do. Maybe the student will learn more if he finds out for himself. It is a sad thing to have some priests who reprimand students like they do with kids. Perhaps the administration will complain that the capacity of the average student hasn't been fully developed. The student is likely to ask what incentives the admi nistration has offered. There are times when reading a book would be more pro fitable than having to listen to some pro fessors who engage in idle talk for half of the period. It's a pity to see good pro fessors walk out to other schools. People don't realize what it means to lose some thing unless it's gone. Of course, anyone can congratulate them for the wonderful library that it has, the Anthropology dep't., the many rich lec tures that have been given by men of accomplishment and many others. Still. . . These are the things where the student council comes in — and perhaps that's where they go out, too. There's one thing about the student coun cil and student politics — it's interesting — with all the stock speeches, the usual stereotyped promises. Some vary and say it with the Manglapus touch and don't ERRATUM: Page twenty-six has been erroneously marked “Page Thirty-six”. be surprised if somebody comes up with the Bostonian accent of Kennedy. There will be stock issues on where the student money has gone, on unemplemented pro grams, the feasibility of the opponent's platform and so on. It is all a battle of wits, like a game of chess, and everybody's apt to enjoy it. The city dads seem to be concerned about employees in the City Hall undeserving of pay because they do practically no thing. Well, a little typing, maybe, but that's about all. That would be a waste of funds, of course. Now, they're concern ed about people's money. It's about time. Besides, it's not that alone. There's still the public schools to think of, and public hospitals which could use a little more cleaning and tidying up. And those bumpy roads. The worries that we're having now are not a speck compared to what they're having in Vietnam. I hear they're bomb ing the fuel supplies to make the war too expensive for the enemy to go on. Strikes and demonstrations are expected. There is economic disturbance in one and some form of boom to others like the aircraft industries. Think of the demand through all the years of the war which they say is going to be a long one yet. The evil still exists in spite of what has come up within the last 5 decades where man seems to be a conqueror—the moon and Mars and space. And not only war—poverty, too. I wonder if the time will come when there will be no more riots on racial supremacy, no more wars, no more poor people, no more disease. And no more deaths, ugly death. That would be a big, big joke. For what is life but death and death life? I had my first taste of death just recently when my niece died. I had great expecta tions from the little girl. So had everyone in the family. With her gone, emptiness has engulfed us. The emptiness will seep away for sure, but the void in us must not go with it. No one can afford to for get death entirely and the lessons thot come with it. The last thought that would come to anyone is the thought of dying. We move through time os if we don't die. It wouldn't be a nice thing at all to be think ing of death too often, but perhaps the best thought that can come to anyone is death, his own death. That's about the only time he pauses, to ask just what is there after death. To the existentialist, there is nothing. To the Christian believer, there is something eternal. To a good number, there is doubt. And perhaps this holds true to all of us. Can the existentialist and the Christian say there is and there is none? If we be lieve, then there will be. And perhaps if we don't, then there will be none. That would be a funny set-up. And yet everything seems funny, anyway. use NEWS ADMINISTRATION FACULTY CLUB HEARS FATHER PRESIDENT ON XIAN AIMS IN EDUCATION The fact of redemption, the crucifixion on Golgotha ... these are the “fullest reality and ... The cross-point of history” on which the thoughts, hopes and des tinies of centuries past converged, and from where "the rays of faith, all thought, all hopes and, all destinies of our days proceed.” At the start of each schoolyear, the University President meets with the fa culty to spell out the academic and ad ministrative programs sought to be im plemented, and concludes with inspira tional talk. In such a meeting Sunday, July 24 at the Audiovisual Hall, the Very Rev. Dr. Rudolf Rahmann, SVD, underscored the Christian factor as that which we should expect to be found at the core of all human undertakings. “We should expect that after nearly twenty centuries of evangelization this civilization would be fully imbued with the spirit of the Gospel. The fact, how ever, is that we are still far away from such happy conditions. "... Many of the evils of our time are the result of wrong teachings in our Universities during the previous decades and centuries, and they consequently must be overcome by a teaching that is in the spirit of Christian humanism.” The Father President then drew a note of optimism over recent and current attempts in education to serve the Chris tian ends. He cited the "growing rap port between sound metaphysics and the natural sciences, the growing literature on the idea and the purpose of the Uni versity.” He also mentioned the signi ficant recent assemblies of the Interna tional Federation of Catholic Universities and the International Association of Uni versities, serving the theme of Christian humanism. "It must truly be an honor and a chal lenge to us to have a part in this noble pioneering movement which strives to wards what Maritain describes as ‘a world of free men imbued in its secular substance by a genuine and living Chris tianity .. At the same occasion, outgoing Faculty Club President Francisco P. Pflapil gave his term-end report. Dr. Jorge Dosdos, president of the USC Alumni Association, announced the progress of the current alumni fund campaign. New officers elected by the Faculty Club are: Prof. Ben N. Borromeo, Pres ident; Mrs. Rosario D. Javelosa, vice president; Mrs. Julieta B. Samonte, so cial secretary; Miss Perfecta Guangco, recording secretary; Prof. Rebecca L. Galeos, treasurer; and Prof. Vicente J. Gorre, auditor. apologies. — The Printers. Page Four THE CAROLINIAN Aug.-Sept., 1966 TRUSTEES DESIGNATE TOP-LEVEL FUNCTIONS In recent weeks the Board of Trustees created new offices and designated new functions within the University. The actions came in line with current adminis tration moves to respond more precisely and effectively to the needs of this rap idly developing institution. Here is an integrated list of the new appointees and their corresponding com petencies: Director of the Technological Center This office is to operate in consonance with the Board as well as with the Uni versity President in being mainly con cerned with the further development of the Center. The Director will endeavor to acquire new grants and scholarships and “to con duct negotiation concerning programs for experts and visiting professors as well as exchange students.” Rev. Philip T. van Engelen, SVD, was appointed Director of the Center July 16. He is also expected to work towards the establishment of a Graduate School for the Center and set up a vocational (non academic) extension program. Father Philip is to represent the Center in rela tions with Philippine and foreign author ities. The College of Engineering and Archi tecture, being identical with the Technolo gical Center, will continue to be directly administered by the Dean, who is re sponsible for all academic and educa tional matters. The incumbent dean is Prof. Jose A. Rodriguez. Prof. Pedro Yap was appointed, July 9, Assistant Dean of the College of Engineering and Architecture. Administrator of the Physical Plant in Talamban. The Physical Plant comprises the Technological Center, the Chemical Pilot Plant as well as the surrounding area within USC premises. Rev. Michael Beck, SVD, appointed Administrator July 8, was likewise put in charge of the ex tension of the Registrar’s Office in the Technological Center. For the Chemical Pilot Plant, in its action July 14, the Board of Trustees created the office of Scientific Director and named Rev. Dr. Michael Richartz, SVD, chairman, and Rev. Michael Beck, SVD, vice-chairman. The members are Prof. Ben Borromeo, Mr. Cornelius Pols, and Prof. Adelina Sarthou, secretary. Director of University Information. In this office are to be coordinated all ac tivities having to do with projecting the University image beyond the campus for public information purposes. It may originate or collaborate in the preparation and issuing of press releases, University announcements, and such in formation materials as catalogues, bul letins, and other publications whether initiated by the administration, the fa culty or students. Director is Rev. Margarito Alingasa, SVD. He assumed the office July 13. In a previous action by the Board July 6, Father Mar was also designated officer in charge of the working students. He fulfills these duties while directing the activities of the Instructional Media Services (audio-visuals). Director of Athletics. Rev. Thomas Mueller, SVD, was named Director June 28. He is to supervise and coordinate the varsity and intramural athletic activities of the University. Director of Physical Education. Rev. Hermogenes Bacareza, SVD, appointed Director June 28, is to supervise the ac tivities of the Physical Education De partment. These include the special per formances of the gymnastic group, the rondalla, and dance troupe. Director of Student Affairs. This of fice takes over the positions of Dean of Student Affairs and Dean of Women, which have been abolished. The Director, Rev. Anselmo Bustos, SVD, was appoint ed June 15. Mrs. Elena S. Barba was appointed Assistant Director of Student Affairs in a Board action June 28. Concurrent with his designation as stu dent affairs director, Father Bustos was also appointed Alumni Coordinator. Director of Research, Scientific Collec tions, and Scholarship Program. Ap pointed to this office June 15, with selfexplanatory functions, was Rev. Dr. Jo seph Goertz, SVD. Director of Student Publications. This office assumes general management in the preparation and disposition of The CAROLINIAN, a monthly magazine, and the SEMPER FIDELIS, the graduation year book. Rev. Luis E. Schonfeld, SVD, who has assumed those duties as Moderator, was appointed Director June 15. He is also concurrently Editor of the weekly UNI VERSITY BULLETIN. Father Schonfeld is to supervise the preparation and dis position of other publication materials produced by individual student effort. Director of Scientific Publications. Dr. Gertrudes Ang was appointed Director June 15. She is to coordinate efforts in the publication of monographs, pam phlets, papers or reports related to science study and research in the University. In association with a board of editors, Dr. Ang’s immediate concern is the pre paration of the San Carlos Publications, a series of monographs published by the Graduate School. Other appointments are: Rev. Dr. Joseph Watzlawik, SVD, as Acting Secretary-General and Head of the Philosophy Department, Graduate section; Prof. Rebecca Galeos, as Acting Head of the Department of Chemistry, Under graduate section; Rev. John Berry, SVD, as Head of the Philosophy Department, Undergraduate section; and The following faculty members to com pose the University Committee on Fa culty Appointments (USFA): Rev. Dr. Raymond Kolk, SVD, Chairman; Prof. Paulina Pages, vice chairman; Rev. Dr. Herman van Engelen, SVD, Prof. Teopista Suico, and Prof. Benjamin Borro meo, members. APPOINTMENTS In a meeting July 25, the Board of Trustees appointed Dr. Lourdes R. Quisumbing Head of the Graduate Depart ment of Education. At the same time, Mr. Alejandro Tantoco was designated Head, Department of Electrical Engineer ing, College of Engineering and Archi tecture. Dr. Quisumbing has been with the USC Graduate faculty for several years. She holds an M.A. in Education degree, summa cum laude, from this University, and a Ph.D. in Education degree from the Uni versity of Santo Tomas. An earlier report carried only the names of recent appointments to faculty positions in the Teachers College. Here are individual details: Mrs. Clara Lucero, appointed Head of the B.S.E. Department, has for the past two years taught Math, English and Edu cation at USC. She obtained her A.A. from Cebu College of U.P., her B.S.E. from Silliman University, and in 1954 acquired an M.A. in Education at Diliman after defending her thesis on the “SocioEconomic Status of the Secondary Public School Principals of the Philippines.” Mrs. Corazon Gacasan, after 35 years with the Cebu Normal School faculty, now teaches English with the BSEED Department. A critic teacher in Eng lish, she received her Master’s degree at USC in 1951. "It is a privilege and an honor to be in this University and to work in it," says Mrs. Gacasan. Miss Emma Dulay now has charge of the new course in Nutrition and Dietetics. In June 1964 she received her Master’s degree in Sanitary Science and Public Health, minor in Nutrition, from Okla homa University Medical Center after three years of graduate studies there. She had earlier finished an internship program in dietetics at the same school. She began studies at U.P. After grad uating with a BSHE degree major in Nutrition, she took up dietetic intern ship at the PGH, completed service train ing at the Food and Nutrition Research Center of the NIST-NSDB. Prof. Esperanza V. Manuel has been appointed Assistant Head of the Depart ment of English. The action was taken by the Board of Trustees in a meeting July 25. A member of the Graduate School fa culty for some eight years, Prof. Manuel obtained her M.A. in English, summa cum laude, from this University in 1957 and was appointed associate professor last year. She also has a BSE degree major in English, magna cum laude, from the University of the Philippines. USC-ALEC PROJECT NOW FULLY UNDERWAY A check for P5.000 from the U.P. Asian Labor Education Center was received by the University last week as the initial sum with which to undertake the study on labor and management in Cebu City. Very Rev. Dr. Rudolf Rahmann, Uni versity President, accepted the check from Mrs. Annie R. Diaz, ALEC research associate. She came with Miss E. Varquez, U.P. graduate assistant, to col laborate with faculty and staff members of the USC Department of Economics. Department Head Dr. Marcelino Maceda is project director. Economics instructors Perfecto B. Abayan is the third to compose the staff of project researchers, with Diaz and Varquez. They have trained and sent out 12 interviewers, with two more being oriented to the work. With this comple ment of 17, the study is expected to be completed in a month and a half. The project connects with the ALEC objectives: to investigate the develop ment and current status of the various aspects of the Philippine labor situation in the light of the history of the labor movement in the Philippines. ALEC in tends to provide a source of information on labor and manpower requirements at all sectors of the economy, and to en rich and upgrade their labor training program. Aug.-Sept., 1966 THE CAROLINIAN Page Five GRADUATE SCHOOL M. A. IN HISTORY PROGRAM Approval has been received for a pro gram of studies at USC leading to the de gree of Master of Arts, major in History. It came in time for admission of grad uate students into the new program given for the first time this semester. Qualified to take the course are hold ers of A.B. or B.S.E. degrees with majors in history. However it was indicated that the new program, as drawn up by the Department of History, can also benefit undergraduate students, major in His tory. The history program has been geared also to establish meeting points with studies in Philippine Anthropology as well as Southeast Asian Ethnology. In faculty composition, the USC De partment of History is believed to be strongest in the Philippines, with four members holding Ph.D. in History de grees, one Ph.D. in Ethnology, three M.A. in History and one M.A. in Anthropology. History Department Head is Rev. Dr. Theodore P. van Zijl, SVD, Ph.D. in History. On his faculty staff are Dr. Vicente R. Pilapil, Ph.D. in History; Rev. Dr. Peter John Raats, SVD, Ph.D. in History; Rev. Dr. Luis Merino, OSA, Ph.D. in History; Dr. Marcelino Maceda, Ph.D. in Ethnology; Rev. Joseph Baumgartner, SVD, M.A. in History; Prof. Samson A. Lucero, M.A. in History; and Mrs. Rosa C. P. Tenazas, M.A. in Anthropology. Among the courses offered are seminars in the histories of Asia, China, Japan; Ancient, Medieval and Modem Europe; Spain, Latin America, the U.S.; and the Philippines; Introduction to Philippine Archaeology; The Present Ethnical Stra tification and Cultural Historical Dev elopment of the Philippines; Pre-Spanish Social Life in the Philippines; History of Christianity in the Philippines. Basic courses were limited to “an ab solute minimum” in order to allow stu dents more freedom of concentration in either Oriental or Western History. Seminars were preferred, rather than survey courses or having to determine the topics in detail. In spite of the many seminars of only two units each, the Program offers a total of 51 units in professional history courses, whereas Masterand need only 21 units in their major field. The pro gram was designed to give students am ple choice of courses. Communications concerning the new program may be addressed to Rev. Dr. Theodore van Zijl, Head of the Depart ment of History, University of San Car los, Cebu City. Inquires may also be made with the Graduate School Office. USC AWARDS THIRD PH.D. DEGREE After passing her oral examinations June 25, Mrs. Fe Sepulveda Necesario, earned the degree of Ph.D. in Education, magna cum laude. She is the third to finish a doctoral course at USC. On the panel of examiners were Rev. Dr. Raymond Kolk, SVD, adviser and chief examiner; Rev. Dr. Anthony Buchcik, SVD, and Dr. Lourdes Quisumbing, consultants; Rev. Dr. Joseph Goertz, SVD, Dr. Marcelino Maceda and the Very Rev. Dr. Rudolf Rahmann, SVD, ex aminers. Dr. Narciso Albarracin, chief of the curriculum and instruction division of the Bureau of Private Schools, attended the examinations as official Bureau repre sentative. Mrs. Necesario presented the thesis: “The Status of Supervision in the Private Secondary Schools of Cebu City in the Light of Accepted Supervisory Practices." She took undergraduate courses at the University of the Visayas where she ob tained her Elementary Teachers Certifi cate, cum laude, B.S.E. degree cum laude and M.A. in 1955. She has taught at the elementary school, high school and col lege at UV and has been Graduate School instructor and Director of the Secondary School at the same university since 1962. Mrs. Necesario also serves as vice pres ident of the UV Faculty club, treasurer and one-time vice president of the UV Teachers Cooperative credits union, and in 1964 was a board member of the UV Faculty-Alumni Association. Last year she was seminar speaker at the Divine Word College in Tagbilaran, Bohol. ANTHROPOLOGISTS JOIN TALKS ON RP PRIMITIVES Two delegates from the USC depart ment of anthropology gave first-hand knowledge of some Philippine cultural minorities at a Visayas-Mindanao con ference in Zamboanga City July 5 to 8, called to assess the situation obtaining among primitive tribes. Dr. Marcelino N. Maceda and Rogelio M. Lopez were among 36 persons invited to the conference which was held in the Peace Corps Center in Ayala, Zamboanga City. Those who attended were mostly missionaries. Government personnel sat as observers. The talks were a follow-up of the Luzon Conference of May 7-12. Subjects of discussion were: 1) an assessment of government policies and existing laws re lating to cultural minorities in the light of available facts on life in tribal com munities; 2) a study of the current social, economic, political and other related problems of cultural minorities, both im mediate and far-ranging; 3) a determi nation of problem areas requiring study; and 4) an examination of constructive modes for social action. Maceda and Lopez spoke with some authority at the discussions, having un dertaken on-the-spot studies of backward tribes for some considerable time. Ma ceda has worked among the Negritoes of the Philippines since 1956; Lopez has spent time with Manobos of South west ern Cotabato since 1963. This University has, for several years now, endeavored to set up a pilot com munity for wandering Negritoes of Northeastern Mindanao, near the Agusan-Surigao boundary. These are be lieved to be the most primitive cultural group in this country today, who face constant threats of dislocation by lum bermen and other franchise-holders. There has as yet been no success in con stant approaches made with the Govern ment for a land grant of some 100 hec tares needed for the pilot community. The Zamboanga conference came under the purview of the Commission on Na tional Integration as well as the Chris tian Institute on Special Ethnographic Minorities in South and Southeast Asia. An on-going interest of USC is to con tribute scientific assistance towards the ultimate integration of the cultural minorities and primitive people into the mainstream of Philippine social life. FATHER UNDEN JOINS ANTHROPOS INSTITUTE From the headquarters of the Anthropos Institute in St. Augustine’s near Bonn, Germany, comes the news that Rev. Dr. Cornelius van der Linden, SVD, has been appointed member of that in stitute. To the Institute belongs a group of SVD Fathers, specialists in the fields of ethnology (Anthropology), linguistics, archaeology, history of religions, etc. Father President Rudolf Rahmann and Rev. Dr. Eugene Verstraelen are mem bers of the Anthropos Institute. USC warmly congratulates Father van der Linden, who is now on leave here for a sabbatical year. At San Carlos in 1957, Father van der Linden was dean of the Graduate School and professor of Linguistics, Indian Philosophy and Indian Literature. Ill health forced him to return home to Hol land where he was appointed Professor of Ethnology, History of Religion, and Indian Philosophy, serving first at the major seminary in Teteringen-Holland and then at Heide-Belgium. That is the position he holds today. Indian philosophy, language, culture, history and religion have been Father van der Linden’s field of interest since 1939 when he missed out on his first missionary appointment due to the war. He studied these subjects instead at the State University of Utrecht and in 1946 finally made it to India, where he stayed for only three years due to poor health. From USC, he has lectured in Holland, Belgium and England and has published some 45 articles in different magazines, including Anthropos. In 1960 he acquired a doctoral degree in Linguistics from the Catholic University of Nijmegen in Hol land. While spending his sabbatical year here. Father van der Linden carries on work on his book on the Baranggay. MACEDA GETS NRC GRANT FOR STUDY ON BLACKSMITHING Dr. Marcelino N. Maceda, head of the Economics Department (Graduate School), recently received a check, the first instalment of a grant amounting to more than P6,000.00 from the National Research Council at University of the Philippines, to undertake a study on “The Blacksmithing Industry of Basak, Cebu City and Its Subsidiary Industries.” With him as research assistant is Leo nidas S. Tan. The study covers the following aspects: 1) the blacksmithing industry and its subsidiary industries; 2) the people in volved in the industry; 3) the economic significance of the industry to the peo ple of the barrio and Cebu City; and 4) the present status and problems of the industry. This is the second of its kirrd given by the Council to Carolinians. The first was: "A Study of the Ready Made Cloth ing Industry in the Town of Minglanilla,” by Rev. Richard Arens, SVD, in 1960. LOPEZ GETS GRANT FOR PH.D. STUDIES Rogelio Lopez became the recipient recently of a fellowship grant of P2.700 from the Research Foundation in Philip pine Anthropology and Archaeology. Notice of the award was communicat ed to the Father President by Alejandro Page Six THE CAROLINIAN Aug.-Sept., 1966 II. Roces, chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Research Foundation. The grant will enable Mr. Lopez to pursue studies at USC towards the doctor’s degree in Anthropology. He is presently a member of the faculty of the Department of Anthropology. In 1965 Mr. Lopez obained his M.A. in An thropology degree, magna cum laude. He has since been actively engaged in re search work in that area of specialization under the auspices of the department. ARTIFACTS FOR ANTHROPOLOGY A number of iron age potteries, still whole, has just been donated to the De partment of Anthropology by Mrs. Dulce T. Kiamko of Carmen, Cebu, who made the donation in behalf of her daughter Dr. Rosario T. Kiamko, USC alumnus now pursuing further studies in Medicine in America. The artifacts were discovered by Felipe Kiamko in a cave about 30 minutes walk from barrio Cogon via Kantumog road in the northern town of Carmen. Accord ing to Mr. Kiamko, human skeletons and more potteries are still to be found in two caves nearby. A team from the Department of An thropology will be sent to investigate the reported burial sites. NEW MASTERS Leonardo Lopez, faculty member of the Physics Department, has received a Bu reau certification for his degree of Master of Science in Physics. He wrote a thesis entitled “A Comparative Study of Various Quarter-Wave Compensating Methods." The other recipient is Rogelio Lopez of the Department of Anthropology fa culty for his Master’s degree in Anthro pology. His thesis is on the “Agricul tural Practices of the Manobo in the In terior of Southern Cotabato, Mindanao.” He is now pursuing full-time doctoral studies in his field in San Carlos. Two more graduate students success fully passed their oral examinations dur ing the first week of July. Mr. Artemio Ferraren of Abra took the examination for his Master’s degree in English while Mr. Jaime Mordeno, Jr. of Surigao del Norte passed the orals for his M.A. in Education. Ferraren wrote his thesis on “Tinguian Folklore and How It Mirrors Tinguian Culture and Folklife” while Mordeno wrote on "The Professional Growth and Teaching Efficiency of Public Elemen tary School Teachers in the Division of Surigao del Norte.” ARTS AND SCIENCES BOOST OPTICS RESEARCH Part of an expected large shipment of precision instruments for optics re search at USC has arrived. With these, Rev. Dr. Michael Richartz, expert in optics here, may soon seek experimental verification of several methods he has proposed publicly. In recent publications in professional science journals, Father Richartz has proposed several methods for accurate measurements in photometry, polarimetry and ellipsometry. However, he has been unable to establish their validity for lack of the specialized apparatuses. The recent shipment was purchased from a grant that has been awarded to Father Richartz by the Fritz Thyssen Foundation of Germany through the services of the Bad Godesberg’s office. Received were a multiplier phototube and a supply-voltage apparatus worth a total of 4,800 DM (the same amount in pesos). With the multiplier phototube extreme ly small quantities of light can be de termined. This device is an improvement on the simple photoelectric cell used in scientific work to measure the intensity of a light beam with precision. Father Richartz describes it this way: “When light of a definite frequency is incident upon the surface of a metal, a number of electrons proportional to the light intensity is emitted. These pho toelectrons then are drawn to the collector (anode) by an electric field. “In the multiplier phototube the pho toelectrons are accelerated to the first of a set of auxiliary electrodes called “dynodes.” The surfaces of the dynodes have the property of liberating several electrons for each electron which strikes them. In this manner the initial photo current is amplified as it passes from dynode to dynode.” The recently acquired phototube 1P22 has nine dynodes. Here the current to the collector (the anode) may be 100,000 times the primary photocurrent. Photoelectric cells are popularly used in the production of sound motion pictures and in television, as light relay safety devices in traffic control and controls for industrial processes. They are also an aid for the blind. Father Richartz is well published in U.S. and German scientific journals, hav ing specialized in optics research since he was a member of the faculty of Fujen Catholic University in Peking before the Red takeover in 1951. Having gained international recognition in optics work, his writing have often been widely re printed. NEW EQUIPMENT FOR BIOLOGY Six items of laboratory equipment from Germany reached the Biology department last week and are going into use in ex periments involving breeding, incubation, cultures, storage, propagation, weighing. One item is the incubator-autoclave Heraeus with a temperature range of 20 to 200 degrees C. This is useful for BIOLOGISTS HIT IT RICH! After an exhausting summer term a group of USC biologists took a breather by way of a collection trip. On the night of July 4th, Prof. J. N. Jumalon, his son Ariel and a P.M. stu dent, Mr. N. Regis, set out for Bohol. The next evening Mr. C. Plateros and an enthusiastic friend of the Jumalons, Mr. Taboada, followed. The author, Miss Aida Colina and Miss Junonia Jumalon took the boat on Wednesday evening. All met at the forest-clad and mountain-ringed Magsaysay Park, Bilar, Bohol. For days they waded through mud, scaled precipitous hills, penetrated the hostile jungle. At night their aching bones found little rest on the stone floor and the thin blankets were no match against the biting cold. But this was all part of the game which they heartily enjoyed. By Saturday, the entire group pre pared for the return trip in a triumphant mood. Everyone carried a part of the treasures to be added to the biological collections of San Carlos. microbiological cultures; breeding of in sects at varied temperatures; incubation; seed treatment; sterilization of dishes and media; drying. Another incubator for microbiological studies has a range of 15 to 150 degrees C. A Bosch refrigerator stores perishable chemicals, including plants and animals, eggs (e.g. mosquito) for long terms. It is also useful in experiments involving temperature tolerance. A Mettler balance, with a sensitivity of from 160 g. to 0.03 mg. is for fast and accurate analytical weighing, both for chemicals and specimens, especially useful in physiological experiments. An other with a sensitivity of from 3 kg. to 1 gram is for semi-micro and macro weighing. An olympia office typewriter with a 15-inch carriage has biological symbols. USC SEEN AS CENTER FOR LEPIDOPTEROLOGY Research, field work, on-going projects in the science of butterflies, being under taken at the biology department of this University, are focusing national atten tion here among students, teachers, hob byists, scientists. It was a member of the biology faculty, Prof. Julian N. Jumalon, who with a few others founded what is now known as the Philippine Lepidopterists’ Society. Formally organized here in 1963, the group has now enlisted 65 members from Cebu, Luzon, parts of the Visayas and Mindanao. It also has members in Ger many and New Guinea. The Society aims to help spread the science of lepidopterology awaken Fili pinos to the understanding of their worn biota, and encourage their study and col lection. It also encourages an apprecia tion of nature and the keen understand ing of the need for conservation and preservation of nature’s gifts. Incidentally, it was learned that while Japan has some 40 societies engaged in lepidopteria research, only the PLS exists in the Philippines. Most of its active members are uni versity teachers and students. Young members are getting so seriously engag ed in the study that they undertake small-party expeditions to Bohol and (continued on page 10) Of the 13 species of birds collected, seven were new. Three species were col lected which hitherto had not been even known to exist in Bohol. About 400 butterflies had been caught of which three species are new to the USC collection. One specimen had been hunted for in vain during the last 10 years. More than 150 perfect specimens will enrich the bulging USC collection and many more will be sent to foreign coun tries. Some 350 specimens of beetles, bugs and other insects were collected. More than 10 new species were amongst them. Most outstanding were the exploits of our young botanists who added to the herbarium collection more than 50 new species, most of them fungi and fems. These eager beavers, Aida and Junonia, deserve our most sincere congratulations. The expedition was a real break not only in the daily routine but a break for the USC Biology Department. Enrique Schoenig, SVD Aug.-Sept., 1966 THE CAROLINIAN Page Seven VISITORS Mr. Frazier Meade, US consul in Cebu, paid a courtesy call on the Father Pres ident at 11:00 a.m. August 2. The American official was welcomed at the University by Fathers Rahmann, Vogelgesang, Watzlawik, Kolk, Mueller and Bustos. After a brief visit at the President’s office, Mr. Meade found the University Libraries and expressed surprise at the extensive collection of books and periodi cals. Rev. Joseph Baumgartner, Chief Librarian, assured Mr. Meade that the consulate staff and their ladies may make use of the USC library facilities. His next visit was to the Anthropolo gical Museum. Mr. Meade promised to pay a longer visit to San Carlos in the near future. He expressed keen interest in the scientific collections of the Uni versity. Mr. James Kokoris, acting represen tative of The Asia Foundation in Ma nila, was a USC visitor July 25. He was accompanied here by Mr. Gerry Gil. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE REPRESENTATIVES OF GERMAN, RP GOVERNMENTS AT INAUGURATION Members of the Cebu community join ed the University administration faculty and students at the formal inauguration of the USC Technological Center on the Talamban campus Saturday, June 4. Heading the guests were the Cebu Archbishop, Most Rev. Julio Rosales, His Excellency Johann von Stechow, ambas sador to the Philippines of the Federal Republic of Germany, and U.P. Dean Francisco Nemenzo who came in behalf of Education Secretary Carlos P. Romulo. The Very Rev. Dr. Rudolf Rahmann, SVD, University president, gave the ad dress of welcome. Mons. Rosales perfomed the blessing ceremonies. In his speech, the German ambassador hailed the completion of the Center as “another milestone on this University’s and this country’s way towards progress and a brighter future.” The complete text of his address is printed on page 9 of this issue. Dean Nemenzo, of the U.P. College of Arts and Sciences, read Dr. Romulo’s message which pointed to this Univer sity’s significant role in the nation’s ef forts towards scientific advancement. An expression of thanks was said by Rev. Philip van Engelen, SVD, regent of the USC College of Engineering and Architecture. The College is housed in the Center, which has a physical plant and choice equipments worth some Six Million Pesos, is gearing its efforts to wards the production of effective engi neers. It administers five academic de partments: civil engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, che mical engineering and department of architecture. Senator Manuel P. Manahan, chairman of the Senate Science committee, sent the following telegram: SENDING HEARTFELT CONGRA TULATIONS ON INAUGURATION TECHNOLOGICAL CENTER STOP IT IS FITTING RECOGNITION YOUR ARDUOUS SCIENTIFIC ENDEAVOR STOP MAY IT INSPIRE MORE PEO PLE TO JOIN YOUR EFFORTS AND RENDER SERVICE TO COUNTRY AND FELLOWMEN. Concluding remarks were given by Jose A. Rodriguez, Dean of the College of Engineering and Architecture. The Very Rev. John Vogelgesang, USC vice president was master of ceremonies. MISCELLANEOUS DUTCH PROF. LECTURES ON MODERN MATHEMATICS Dr. Wibbe Verdenius, on a mission by the Dutch government, gave a colloquy here July 30 on modem mathematics. Specifically, Prof. Verdenius spoke on the elementary aspect of graphing, giv ing data useful in the study of calculus, integration and higher mathematics. For the first part of his lecture, the visiting educator discussed the "deriva tives of a function” and demonstrate a "curve tracing through application of de rivatives illustrated by examples a) on Page Eight THE CAROLINIAN Aug.-Sept., 1966 REPRESENTATIVES from the educational sector in Manila and Cebu gathered in Talamban June 4 for the formal inauguration and blessing of the multi-mUlion peso USC Technological Center housing the College of Engineering and Fine Arts on the north wing, the Chemical Pilot Plant on the south. Among those present were Most Reverend Julio R. Rosales, Archbishop of Cebu; His Excellency, the Ambassador of the Federal Re public of Germany, Johann von Stechow; Dean Francisco Nemenzo who came in behalf of Education Secretary Carlos P. Romulo; Cebu Mayor Carlos J. Kuizon; Msgr. Esteban Montecillo; Rt. Rev. Msgr. Manuel S. Salvador; Regional Director Amalia S. Rodrigues of the National Science Development Board. With the Father President above left, is the German Ambassador. high-school level, and b) on university freshman level (Holland category). For the second part, Dr. Verdenius presented proof of the theorem indicated in part one, which will require “nothing more than a fundamental notion, or even feeling, for mathematics and a basic un derstanding of the common number sys tem.” An open forum will follow. The talk was intended for teachers and students in the senior level, although Engineering students were invited and those in the third, fourth and fifth years. The lecture was given in the AudioVisual Hall at 2:00 p.m. Dr. Verdenius is a professor at the State University in Groningen, Nether lands. He has lectured for many years in Holland and recently in the U.S. where he visited a dozen universities. He is here to collect data on the Philippine educational system, its extensions and needs, which he is to report to his home government for possible Dutch aid to developing countries. Dr. Verdenius left Cebu for the Nether lands on August 21. TAIPEH SCHOLARS VIEW PRIMITIVE ART FINDS Four specialists from Nationalist China passed through Cebu recently on a lec ture tour in connection with the observ ance of the Chinese-Philippine Friendship Year. Their trip here was scheduled by the Research Foundation in Philippine Anthropology and Archaeology. In the group were Dr. Chang Leon Long-Yien, director of International Cul tural and Educational Relations, ministry of education; Prof. Chen Chi-lu, head of the department of archaeology and an thropology of the National Taiwan uni versity; Na Chih-Liang, curator of the department of calligraphy and painting, National Palace museum; and Tan TanChung, curator of the department of an tiquities, National Palace museum. Arriving at USC Sunday, July 23, the group was presented by Prof. Chen in a lecture at the Audio-Visual Hall on the primitive art of Taiwan, Prof. Chen (Continued on page 10) THE AMBASSADOR SPEAKS Very Reverend Father President, Reverend Fathers, Members of the Board of Trustees. Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen: I wish to thank you most sincerely Very Reverend Father President, for your kind in vitation to come here as your guest and to address a few words to you. I am no longer a stranger to the San Carlos University. I have been here several times and I already regard myself as an old Carolinian. It is always a great pleasure for me to be with you, particularly on such a memorable occasion like today's inaugura tion of the Technological Center. The com pletion of this building is another milestone on this university's and this country's way towards progress and a brighter future. For me as a representative of the Federal Re public of Germany, it is most gratifying to note the tremendous gains and advances the San Carlos University has achieved in the last couple of years. Ever since in 1935, His Excellency, the Most Reverend Archbishop of Cebu has entrusted to the SVD Fathers this educational institution, it has become one of the pillars on which the bridge of mu tual understanding between the Philippines and Germany is based. For this reason, the Federal Republic of Germany has generously contributed to the further expansion of the San Carlos University. On this occasion, it is up to me to thank you for the excellent use you have made of this German develop ment aid. I could convince myself that every Peso has been well spent and not even the eyes of an auditor general would find a point for criticism. Before this assembly I would like to under line another very important fact. German aid for all San Carlos University projects — like for any other development projects — is always given on one condition only: There must be a considerable counterpart of con tribution. The San Carlos University con tributed for the construction of this Tech nological Center more than two million Pesos! The same amount was raised for the Teachers College. I hope you all realize what such tremendous financial obligations mean for a private institution like this University. Besides the financial problems, the construc tion of such projects means many sleepless nights and many months of hard work and personal sacrifices. We have a saying in Germany: "God helps those who help themselves." When I look at this building it seems to me that here this saying has come true. I, therefore, feel obliged to express my deepest gratitude to the Fathers of the San Carlos University, the Board of Trustees, and all those who hove contributed to the realization of this great undertaking. This Technological Center is only one of the many San Carlos University projects financed by the German Government and the German people, but it is in my opinion one of the most important ones. This Center will further strengthen the position of the San Carlos University as a leading institu tion in the field of Natural Sciences in the Philippines. This country with its enormous natural resources urgently needs trained scientists and technologists. But with the growing importance of science and technology in the life of the nation as well as in the life of any individual, our responsibility and duty to carefully moke use of science and technology ore growing, too. We have to ask ourselves again and again whether moral strength of men is developing at the same rate as technological progress. San Carlos University has realized the importance of these intellectual and (Continued on page 10) Aug.-Sept., 1966 THE CAROLINIAN Page Nine indicated that the art motifs found on wood carving and on the embroidery of the indigenous tribes of Taiwan have a widespread distribution throughout the circum-Pacific area. In a visit the following day to the USC Department of Anthropology, the study group viewed the collections of earthen ware pottery and burial jars and noted the strikingly similar jars and noted the strikingly similar motifs as those men tioned by Prof. Chen in his lecture. The visitors were amazed at the quan tity and quality of some specimens of protohistoric trade ceramics which have been recovered in archaeological sites in the islands and which they say here in San Carlos and in private collections in Manila. LECTURES WHERE DO FILIPINOS COME FROM? A lecture attempting to clarify this problem was given by Wilhelm G. Solheim II, American Archaeologist, at the Audio-Visual Hall, last Monday at 7:30 p.m. to a select group of graduate stu dents and faculty members. Mr. Solheim, a specialist in Southeast Asian Archaeology disliked the use of the term “race” in describing the various groups of people that came over to the Philippines while the archipelago was still a part of the Southeast Asian land mass. He believes that even before coming over to the Philippines, the groups were al ready mixed. Pinpointing the general area where the Filipino ancestors came from would not be difficult, but a more precise determi nation of “racial” origin would almost be impossible. With this premise, he gave an outline of the prehistory of tlie Philippines from the age of early man until the arrival of the last “Malayan” immigrants. Mr. Solheim has done extensive studies in reputed American universities at Berkeley, California, Chicago, and others anti was at one time a student at the University of the Philippines under the tutelage of Dr. Otley Bayer, the “grand old man” of Philippine archaeology and anthropology. Formerly professor at Miami, he is now professor at the Uni versity of Hawaii, Honolulu, and works at the East-West Center. During a spare moment here, he ac companied Mrs. Rosa Tenazas, Lionel Chiong, and I’r. Charles Hutterer to the newly discovered cavesites at Carmen, Cebu. With only preliminary diggings spiritual values which will enable the future engineers and technicians to stand the proof in their profession, their family, in society, and in their country. May I conclude these short remarks with the words of a message of the Germany Fe deral President D. Heinrich Lubke. When President Lubke laid the cornerstone of the Technological Center on November 20, 1963, he put the following message in the ceremonial concrete block: "In perpetuom rei memoriam. On the oc casion of the dedication of the Technological Center of the San Carlos University, Cebu City, I wish the Center success and God's Blessing. May it become a seat of research, of teaching and of technical progress for the benefit of the Filipino people." and superficial inspection, these sites are yielding very interesting pottery forms, it was said. Prof. Solheim found these sites sig nificant. “They might lead to the revi sion of the present hypothesis claiming only three major pottery complexes dur ing the Iron Age phase in Philippine pre history,” he observed. He goes home with the impression that we are now making strides in learning about our valuable past. ARTS AND SCIENCES (Continued from page 7) Leyte. Some are presently on a field trip to Mindanao and Bohol. USC is the seat of this nation-wide organization. The Society uses this Uni versity’s lepidoptera collection as a model and reference, even as it serves to en courage further efforts at study and col lection. Prof. Jumalon is now in the pro cess of expanding the University’s local, national, and international collections. At elections of the Society June 13, on the campus, ballots were counted from members present as well as those who mailed in their votes from the various parts of the country and abroad. Reelected president was Prof. Jumalon who is to serve a two-year term up to 1968. Biology department head, Rev. Dr. Enrique Schoenig, SVD, is vice pres ident. Vice-President for Luzon is Atty. Hermel Nuyda; for Mindanao, Rev. Pedro Alejandrino, S.J.; Humaida Jumalon was elected secretary; regional secretaries are Angeles Santiago for Luzon and Oscar Figuracion, Sr. for Mindanao. Treasurer is Matthew Sanson. Roberto Pestaho is press officer. Father Schoenig was also named editor of the I’LES NEWS, turned out by the’a; Society two to six times a year. BIOLOGICAL LIFE IN PACIFIC AREA THREATENED A note of alarm was sounded in a letter received recently by the Biology depart ment from the International Biological Project, an organization of leading world taxomonists concentrating in the Pacific Plants and animals in this area, in cluding the Philippines, are reported to be seriously threatened by the rapid ad vance of modernization in industry and ways of life, by the population explosion, as well as the widespread ignorance of the inhabitants about the value of biolo gical life to science and the economy. Prof. Julian N. Jumalon of the biology 'department, said the IBP is extending its plea for cooperation to this University in doubling efforts in the classification, collection, study and preservation of plants and animals in the islands, es pecially those in vital areas still unre corded by science, and threatened with systematic destruction during our time. The cooperation means a six-year period study, expeditions and field work. So few are the personnel trained for this work yet so urgent is the task, it was said, that even amateurs may be utilized in this biological project. The University has been engaged in this particular work and has kept up collections of a size and variety believed to be little equalled in the Philippines. It has the country’s leading entomological collection. Other collections include marine biology, fossils, fungi, ornitho logical specimens, and the flora of Cebu. Some of these are part of the Cebuana research project initiated here some time ago by the Rev. Harold Rigney, SVI), former USC Rector. ARCHAEOLOGIST Wilhelm G. Solheim II traces probable route taken by Filipino ancestors from continental Asia, during a lecture, at USC audio visual hall. Page Ten THE CAROLINIAN Aug.-Sept., 1966 COMPLAINTS DEPARTMENT by Frank Cabanatan COMMERCE IV The student’s quest for knowledge through the recognition of the value of reading books is markedly manifested by the endless signatures on book cards with “B’s”, i.e., books that can be bor rowed for one week. This conveys to us that such search for wider knowledge on this spiritual as well as material world is unlimited. These books unfortunately are food for the imagination only or they are generally fiction books whose covers are enmeshed with dusts and as old as the time itself. I only regret that reference books can be read for one restless hour renewable only when no one is waiting for the book. Can a book be read for one hour only? To read fast is to destroy comprehen sion. Every person of normal intelligence has to concentrate when he reads to be able to understand what he reads. To limit reference books to a period of one hour is downright cruelty and damaging and disgusting to the poor slow reader. Why can’t reference books be borrowed for the full 24 hours? Does it imply lack of confidence among the students? Do thieves reside in this university? To answer these questions in the affirma tive is to discredit the value or role of our guidance counselors or teachers. The U.S.I.S. Library, which lends books for two weeks to persons whose residen tial addresses they place on their applica tion may be false, reports that very few books are lost in a given year. If the U.S.I.S. Library can trust people of questioned or doubtful integrity and dig nity but incurs little lose of books, why can’t the USC librarian bestow trust and confidence to its students, who are re puted to be the most behaved and well disciplined students in Cebu, and let them borrow books for at least one day to afford students sufficient time to read the book? Three weeks after the semester be gan, being an undergraduate student, I applied for a blue card at the Graduate Section Library so that I may be able to avail of the books not found in the Main Library. But the Graduate Section libra rian refused to issue the blue card. Her reasons: I am a Commerce student and they give preference to AB students or those majoring English. This is academic discrimination or a mortal sin in liberal education. I think it is time to institute new poli cies governing the use of books, the mainstay of education, so that students may be able to make use of them. A free and extensive use of books affects greatly the intellectual cultivation of the students’ faculties. Aug.-Sept., 1966 THE CAROLINIAN Page Eleven Criticism, if it is factual and construc tive, although unpleasant to the one at whom it is aimed, should always be wel comed. Even if it should not entirely meet those specifications, it may still produce some good, especially if it is brought out into the open, as is the case with Mr. Cabanatan’s “Paging the USC Librarian.” At least it affords the per son or institution concerned an opportu nity to defend themselves and, where necessary, to clarify matters. In trying to give an answer to Mr. Cabanatan’s complaints, I must at the outset clear up two factual mistakes he makes in his clamor for a thorough-going reform of our library policies. In the first place, there is no rule in this library which prescribes that Reference books may only be read for one hour at a time! Mr. Cabanatan seems to have confused Reference and Reserve books. It is only the latter which are subject to this re striction. In the second place, our critic is equally mistaken in asserting that only books which are “food for the ima gination ... and fiction books” are mark ed by "B” and can be borrowed for a longer period than just overnight. He forgot the several thousand volumes kept in the book stack, each of which can be borrowed for one week at a time; the several tens of thousands of volumes in the Graduate Section, which may be bor rowed for three days at a time, and. the numerous “B”—books in such subjects as, e.g., Religion, the Natural Sciences (kept on the Browsing Shelves of the Science Library), Literature, Geography and Travel, Biography and History, etc. which can hardly be called “just food for the imagination.” After having cleared up these two pieces of misinformation, I would like to explain to our clientele why the restric tions that do exist are being imposed. Modern libraries, unlike the libraries of older times, generally are guided by a rule which may be stated as follows: As much freedom as possible with no more restraint than needed. In an ideal world the rule might be made to read: “Perfect freedom without any restric tions”. Unfortunately, we do not live in such a world. There will always have to be some restrictions to the freedom we so crave, precisely in order to safe guard our essential freedoms. Libraries, being part and parcel of this imperfect world of ours, cannot escape the general law; willy-nilly they will have to enforce certain restrictions governing the use of the material kept in them. As a matter of fact, there is no library in the world which does not have at least some re strictive rules. What kind of restrictions will be imposed, and how far they will extend, depends on the type of library for which they are made, the needs and idiosyncrasies of its particular clientele, and, last but not least, the financial resources it can command. It is in the light of these conditions under which a library has to operate that its various restrictions must be viewed, which other wise may appear as pure arbitrariness. If I may illustrate this by a few examples: Such a tremendous library, e.g., as the New York Public Library, with its im mense holdings and great financial re sources, does not pennit any book to be taken out for home reading. Closer home, in the Philippines, we generally find the use of books in public libraries and public school libraries to be rather rigidly controlled, primarily because the libraries are held accountable for any The Chief Librarian Answers JOSEPH BAUMGARTNER, SVD book losses in excess of a certain number of volumes. Since losses inevitably mount with unrestricted access to the books, these libraries just find themselves un able to adopt, e.g., the open shelf system. The USIS Library, which Mr. Cabana tan picked as a counterfoil to show up what he considers the shortcomings of our library policies, can afford to adopt a very liberal policy. Leaving aside the question of financial resources available to the two libraries under comparison, there is the absolute necessity for our library to build up its collections as rap idly as possible in order to reach the goal of becoming a satisfactory univer sity library. At the moment, our library, despite its impressive holdings of more than 80,000 volumes, which place it in the top bracket of university libraries in this country, is still woefully short of the goal it must attain, which is in the neighborhood of 250,000-300,000 vol umes! The USIS library, on the other hand, is and can be satisfied with a “steady-state” collection, which it does not intend to exceed. It can concentrate its relatively ample resources on the kind of books which will best serve to project the image of the United States to the host country in which the library oper ates. It need not invest its funds for the purchase of expensive sets of period icals, research monographs, scientific manuals and encyclopedias of the more advanced type, or in any of the other expensive scholarly and scientific publi cations, which are the lifeblood of an academic library. If some of its books are lost, — and according to my infor mation many are — it can always re place them with similar books. There is rarely a need to replace precisely those title which have been lost. In all these respects it is at the other pole from our library. (Even so it does not let its re ference books outside the library. It only uses that label more sparingly than we do). A fair assessment of our library po licies would have to compare them with those of other libraries in the same cate gory. viz., college and university libraries in the Philippines. When such a compari son is made, our library can confidently stand up as one of the best-equipped and best-administered in this city as well as in the country as a whole. To mention just one thing: It was our library that pio neered in the introduction of the open shelf system in this city, which was only slowly and reluctantly adopted by other college and university libraries. Even now there are college libraries in this city where no books are kept on open shelves and the books have to be asked for at the counter. I am even told that in one library a student has to have the permission of no less than the College President himself to take out a book for home use. To go farther afield: The big library of the University of Sto. Tomas up to now issues all its books to under graduates only over the library counter; even the books in the Graduate library were at my last visit kept in locked cabinets, which are only opened at the specific request of a library client. The only concession to the open shelf system made — at least in the main library — are a few tables placed on the mezzanine floor, where a library client, after obtaining a special permission, may use books he has picked under the watch ful eyes of a library assistant. Finally, there are many colleges which do not permit the borrowing of reference books for use outside the library at all. As can be seen from the foregoing, all college and university libraries lay down such rules concerning the use of their materials as will ensure the safe guarding of the library property against loss and damage. It is in deciding pre cisely where to draw the line between reasonable freedom of access and the safeguarding of library property that different institutions come to different decisions. Some — many in our country — decide to play it safe. They thus hedge the use of their books with numerous controls. Our decision — made long ago — was to keep restrictions to a minimum, at least as far as access to the materials is concerned, and to achieve the safeguarding of library property by stricter surveillance, especially at the library exits. This brings us to the question whether the particular restrictions which Mr. Ca banatan singles out for his censure could not be done away with. To begin with the Reserve books, the only ones subject to the one-hour rule, it should be re membered, in the first place, that these books constitute only a small fraction of the more than 80,000 volumes available in our library. Even so, librarians con sider the Reserve Book Section as some thing of a nuisance and an evil. It ties down library personnel who might be more profitable employed otherwise, it does put obstacles in the way of the read er, especially in limitihg the time for which he may hold a book; and at times may indeed cause real hardship for a particular client. To this extent I quite agree with my critic. (But he engages Page Twelve THE CAROLINIAN Aug.-Sept., 1966 in double-talk when he asks: “Can one read a book in an hour?” The answer is: One can, and often does, read in a book for an hour! Students do it all the time.) Why then do librarians not simply scrap the Reserve Book Section ? The answer is: Although something of an evil, it is a necessary evil. Books “placed on reserve” are particularly selected re ference books, which either have been assigned by a professor for the read ng of a whole class (sometimes several classes) or books which must take the place of unavailable or too expensive textbooks. Since a library such as ours cannot afford to have more than a max imum of 10 copies of any particular title, the onlv way to assure that all the stu dents of a class get a fair chance to these books is to restrict the time dur ing which the book may be held by any one reader. Why can’t the library acquire more copies of every title in the Reserve Section, let’s say 20-50 copies, so that, each reader might get hold of the title assigned to him for “the full 24 hours?” In principle, it could be done. But it would mean diverting practically the whole library budget to the purchase of this type of books. This would put an almost complete stop to the further growth of the library and eventually convert it into a collection of outdated and thus practically useless textbooks. (Some college libraries not so far from USC appear to have been built up along those lines. But what libraries they are!) There is yet another important reason for placing books on reserve, and my critic is on its track, when he asks — rhetorically, I am sure — whether the restriction imposed on these books im plies “lack of confidence among (sic) the students” and whether “thieves re side (sic) in this university.” If by “thieves” he means professionals, the answer is “no”. But it does not take professional thieves to steal books from a library, and there are some 5,000 rea sons in the form of more than 5,000 vol umes that have disappeared from our library shelves in the course of the last 15 years to show that books have been stolen by our, oh! so well-behaved stu dents! Unless I am badly mistaken, our students are made of the same kind of stuff like the students in other schools are made of and thus subject to the same temptations — which are, amongst other things, to help themselves to a book, es pecially if they are hard pressed to meet a teacher’s deadline. (Unfortunately, (Continued on page 28) c57 ^Holiday in £June N holiday in June, a street parade, And you and I are basking Under the yellow vehemence Of the summer sun; It is Sunday at eight And nine and ten o'clock And we are singing While morning comes slowly To where the sun is nooning. Our faces blossom to the touch Of soothing sunlight That enlivens young blood Like the force that with the June rain Gives the green to rain-starved grass In summer-smeared lawns. The sun settles on where your face Is twin flesh and a rose And with a power silent as time Reddens slowly, beautifully, An Eve-face that glows With the quiet redness of a rose And pats a tremor in my breast For my heart dances in typhoon. My mind fashions a song of praise For you are full of the sun's countries I want to burn tenderly, lovingly, With the fire that breeds The blushings of your cheeks I see the metaphors of life in your face. The morning is a creature in the hollow of our minds For it is of the morning we speak In the moment that now is And again is now; Our voices worming through Misty labyrinths of memory: (What's good in the morning? You asked the man beside you Who whispered a language of sighs; Whose sighs punctuated a song). But the morning is a teacher, And the young sun gives us light: We are the young who ride On the float of time Enjoying and weathering The warm extravagance of sunlight Warbling the songs the old have sung In the concerts of time past. I want to hold this moment's Nirvana And speak of morning as a lover lisps The language of the heart's fever But ah, a day is not forever And even if youth is young The lamp burns and then again burns; The flame devours the wick, The fire consumes, the fire consumes the oil. Sing to me the joys of youth And even on a Sunday may I be sad For even in song and mirth, I run To where holidays are fewer: This is the end of my laughter, This is the smoldering of young fire. Porfirio S. Dacian College of Law Aug.-Sept., 1966 THE CAROLINIAN Page Thirteen by PORFIRIO S. DACLAN The USC Choristers MUSIC has always been with man since time immemorial. Man has been preoc cupied with musical activity ever since he learned to imitate the cat-calls of mat ing birds and to express his heart’s woes and happiness in a hum, a whistle or a song. He has been consciously or un consciously enjoying its cadences, its in fectious melodies, its resonances and its rhythms ever since he learned to speak and to communicate. For it is said that even in his speech or in his snore, man is musical. The ancient philosophers believed that music played an important role in the development of man’s character. Plato recommended that music be taught to the young Greeks, together with the teaching of other arts like painting, sculpture, poetry and public speaking. The early Christian Fathers encouraged young boys and girls to join in the Church choir, and clergy and laity worshipped God in prayer and song. Much has been heard of music and much more has been written about it that today it has become an ordinary ingredient of man’s daily existence. A housewife prepares dinner with the strains of the violin playing Schubert’s Serenade tapping upon the tympanum of her ears; an executive seeks respite from the tedium of office chores by turning on a transistor radio and immediately a dull office becomes a music room; a teacher in a grade-school class brings music to young ears; and a congregation stands up reverently in church in re sponse to a cue to sing a Sunday mass hymn. Indeed, man and music, good or bad, have always been together as a cause to an effect, as tit is for tat. For one proceeds from the other as a river well from its springs. Music, like any other art, is Adam pouring the “daemon” of his creative imagination by the compo sition of melodies expressive of his love for God, for ’country or for woman, and these have come down to us by rote or memory through the inspired warblings of minstrels or the genius of musicians. And through the means of radio, elec tronics and the record, music is brought within the ken of thousands of music lovers who hanker for metets or mersey madrigals, for Beethoven or the Beatles. Music today has ceased to be the pro vince of the few; it has become an or dinary indulgence of the many. In the University of San Carlos, we have a group banded together for the “dear delight” of music, the sheer love of singing, the joy of listening to the sonorous quality of the human voice. Their musical director was Stanley Munro and the group he called the Caro linian Choristers. In August of 1965, the group started their rehearsals and in December they held their first concert. The Christmas concert was the first public appearance of the group. It was a two-night affair and each night a de finite conquest of the audiences hearts. The chorister’s faces glowed in candle light and when they sang, the audience* reaction was that of an almost reverent quiet and a burst of applause broke loose after a carol was sung through. This silence of the audience was understand ably self-imposed for they wanted to hear harmony. They laughed and clap ped their hands, they were one with the choristers. The membership of the group swelled to 60 voices, and the music director sang with the choristers, sweated out with them, slaved with them in the hectic re hearsals. During the USC College days, the Choristers publicly appeared again be fore an open-air audience that were en tertained by the group’s choral rendition of "Laylay Agolaylay” (a Visayan folk song), “If I Loved You,” and the stirring "Johnny Comes Marching Home." The reaction was unanimous — the audience wanted more. After the college days, the choristers braced themselves for a summer concert. This was an ambitious choral project re quiring 25 songs for a night’s perform ance, involving a good number of the works of the musical “greats” such as Handel, Morley and modem music like those of Rogers and Mammerstein. They didn’t mind the demanding rehearsals, because for the choristers, singing is an experience that removes the worries of the mind and lifts the heart from the depths of despair. For it is the charm of music that drew the group together. They find joy in singing together. The repertoire of the Summer Concert includPage Fourteen THE CAROLINIAN Aug.-Sept., 1966 ed an interesting variety of excellent music, that is, music of high melodious quality, taking the form of hymns or spirituals, war songs, which have won the heart of modern listeners and a set of novelty songs. The April concert was really a musical treat, a feast for the ears and the eyes. For the singers not only sang their music, they also danced to it. The love songs were done with the smiling singers strewn on the stage in pairs, the men attired in dark suits, the women in colorful gowns. The war songs were introduced to the audience with the choristers doing left and right flank marching on the stage as they warbled and whistled the marital tunes. The Carolinian choristers showed us how much a group can achieve by patience and discipline, by interest and ideas. The rehearsals were demanding almost to the point of being exacting, but the choristers went through them with un dying eagerness — this was patience. The group at times appeared “incor rigible in their musical faults and lapses in tune but the music director advanced wi;h a little” scolding and towed the unruly tunes of the singers to the musical line — this was discipline. The poetry was long and the music was difficult. Both were to be committed to memory, to be mastered — but the concerts were finally sung with only piano and director’s musical sleight of hand as guide. — This was interest and the choristers had much of it. The concerts aimed to present man and music in maniature. The stage was set into scenes and song-settings that present the life of man in song and dance. It was a triumph of a concert. The glee club is composed of Carolinians of exciting personalities. A good num ber of them are scholars, and all of them have the natural power to sing the range of an octave. Father John Berry is the spiritual ad viser of the Choristers. He has also con tributed greatly to the success of the choral group, sharing their heartaches and their happiness. President of the group is Gideon Vi llaflor an enterprising young man, al ways on the go. When Mr. Munro announced that he was departing for Canada to accept an assistant dean’s position in the Univer sity of Alberta every chorister thought this was the beginning of the end of the group. They were sad for they have learned to love their director. They had long been associated with him and the thought of parting was something they didn’t wish to entertain. But Mr. Munro and his wife Aileen, who incidentally was also a chorister, had to leave for good. So the choristers held a send-off party where, in midst of sighs, they hankered for a Munro song. The latter obliged with a song, “Profundo” and the chorist ers responded with “Vaya con Dios." For this school year, a new director of the choristers has arrived. Like his predecessor, Mr. John Araneta has a passion for music. He has composed a number of musical pieces. The Caro linian audience have reason to expect much from him and his “adopted” cho risters. The new director and his group have not yet revealed their plans for Christmas. Whether they would present another choral concert of carols or "The Messiah”, the remains to be seen. But one thing is sure. The departure of Mr. Munro has not cooled the musical flame in the choristers’ hearts. The group has remained alive and singing and they will never stop, so long as there are songs to be sung. We wish them godspeed! cA ^Description Long white dunes Snaking sands. . . On the wrinkled sea; A lonely hawk Is lost. —Carlos Emperio Aug.-Sept., 1966 THE CAROLINIAN Page Fifteen AS IN THE previous years, the opening of the school year 1966-1967 immediately following the rehabitating summer vaca tion, brought in to the USC fold an in undation of unfamiliar new faces, the domination of which is fresh from high school. Among other things, this year is specially significant for it graces our campus with an exceptional student, Leonila Flores. Leonila is almost like any other or dinary student. Like many girls, she is small, not more than five feet, frail, and youthful. The fact is, her looks are in compatible with her actual age, twentythree. Endowed with a light humor, now and then, she exchanges chaffs with friends and teachers. She is an enter taining conversationalist who can talk freely about herself in excellent, flowing English. However, the truth concealed by the dark glasses which never leave her face, manifest itself too vividly in the past, pre sent, and undoubtedly, her future. It yields her a novel pattern of existence, significantly different from that of a normal individual. What little things we take for granted have a deep-seated meaning to her. Perhaps, then, she un derstand life far better than we do. It is sad indeed that Leonila can never be regaled by a glorifying dawn when the sun pours color over everything — blue sea, green grass, red and yellow roses . . . Nor will she ever catch a glimpse of the loving faces of her parents, six brothers, and three sisters. She was only three years old when a complex illness of measles and high fever shut out her vision completely. Her memory was then a total blank. Not a patch of color was retained in her memory that could have been a memento of her sightseeing days. Leonila is the eldest of ten children born to Roqueza Cabag and Anacleto Flores of Dumanjug, Cebu. Leonila was not discriminated by the neighborhood children. She played mar bles with the boys and was superior to the girls in a blindfolded game. She clean ed the house and watched the store. Af ter a few trials, she was able to cook boiled bananas without a slight bum. When she was older, her parents de cided on exposing her to life’s opportuni ties on equal footing with her brothers and sisters. This includes a good educa tion. They agreed that she would best get it in a school for the deaf and blind. Leonila obstinately refused. The thought of giving up home, where life was secure only because her family cared and loved her, for the outside world, alone, hor rified her. She was constantly aware of her handicap which limited much her ac tivities. Though she did not feel any resentment, but was rather resigned to her lot and apparent hopelessness, she indulged in liberal self-commiseration. However, at the age of thirteen, after soul-searching ruminations, she was final ly convinced to be both a boarder and a student in a school for the deaf and blind in Pasay City. She realized that her future would depend on how she would put to worth the potentialities endowed Leonila Flores her. Blindness, she persuaded herself to believe, was never an obstacle that gave way to despair but was a challenge. The discovery that there existed many others who were like her in the school for the deaf and blind, astounded her. At first, the conception of being in their company for a long period of time, per turbed her. She detested their way of getting acquainted with a newcomer by touch. The first day of school was far from encouraging. She was erringly whipped for the mischief done by her seatmate since the teacher was blind too. But gradually, the repulsive attitude changed to solace. She did not feel quite lone some and conspicuously different any more. For in that exclusive world, in dividuals understood each other. They had identical obstacles to hurdle and they accumulated more or less similar pro blems. Through Louis Braille’ invention of a system of writing with points, Leonila learned to write, and read as well. Equipped with a stylus which served her both as pen and eraser, ruler, board, and paper, she could take fast dictation. It was amazing to see her sensitive fingers more expertly over the wrongside of the sheet as she read aloud what she had written. The blind students did not limit their activities within the four walls of the classroom. They also indulged in out door activities. Once in a while, they took long rides to the country, and at times, to the busy sections of Quiapo. Leonila confided that Meycauayan was the only place she could identify due to the offending odor of leather shoes of which the place is noted for. Bearing the characteristic exuberance of youth, they were not dissuaded from learning how to play volleyball. A bell placed inside the ball gave away its direction. A school glee club welcomed students naturally bestowed with singing abilities. Leonila was one of the lucky, gifted in dividual. She loved to sing. Dancing was another interesting ac tivity. When the students failed to grasp a difficult dance step apprehended through viva voce instructions, the dance instructor executed, then froze the step, and they learned by touch. She acquired elementary and second ary learning during her nine years stay in the school for the deaf and blind. In absence of universities specially adapted to the blind, she went home to her family in Dumunjug, Cebu. With the advancing years, her handi cap shrunk, as a seeming colossal im pediment into an almost negligible trifle. It did not cause the immediate end of everything after all. Her quest for knowledge was gratified, though chan neled, into convergence by different ways and means. The impetus, once at its full swing, was hard to stop. The challenge was only half-way met. Determined and blazing with hope, she tried the University of San Carlos. Con trary to her expectation of apathy and harsh rejection, she was benignly ac cepted. Further more, she was.conferred a privileged of one-hundred per cent scho larship. And here she is with us! Conchita, a cousin, escorts her from one room to another. She said, she can manage to go about the campus by her self if anybody will be patient enough to acquaint her by touch, three or four times, the detailed location and position of the various rooms,' doors, stairs cor ners, and grounds of the university. How will she take the periodical ex aminations? She can write in Braille and read the answers aloud to the professors Page Sixteen THE CAROLINIAN Aug.-Sept., 1966 Id/alk together, talk together, 0 ye people of the eaith Shen and only then shall ye have peace. ” Shorn ike Sanskrit AFS The Way To World Understanding information gatkeieJ fiom HSfS soulces by THELMA QUEJADA AFS '64-’65 THE FOREGOING is the slogan of AFS. The American Field Service International Scholarship with friendship and increas ed understanding as its aim started in 1914. It was actually founded as a vol unteer ambulance service with the French armies and carried thousands of wounded in World War I. It instituted grad uate fellowship for French universities between the wars, and served again in World War II, with the Allied armies. In 1947 it began its new work on the teenage level, 16 to 18 years old — when students are most adaptable, open-mind ed, and eager to learn. They have been screened, for personality as well as intel ligence, in order that the students chosen be those best qualified to make the ex perience enriching, both for themselves and for all with whom they come in con tact with. It has rapidly expanded under the spirited leadership of the late Stephen Galatti and now Arthur Howe, Jr. But its success is due to the AFSers them selves, who proved to be real ambas sadors. Since then, thousands of students from more that 60 foreign countries have come to live and attend American sec ondary schools in more than 2,000 com munities for a school year of study and firsthand experience. On the other hand, American teenagers from practically every state, study and live with families abroad — a two-way program of seeing and showing. In this way, youngsters learn to recognize and respect similar ities and differences of those who, though they live in different countries, have dreams and efforts similarly directed to ward the goal of a peaceful and useful life. AFSers are encouraged to participate wholeheartedly in the life of their Ame rican community, where they attend the senior year of high school and live in carefully selected homes as members of their US families on the same basis as the other young people in the home. Theirs is a give and take. AFSers learn about customs, ideals, interests and pro blems, while on the other hand, their families and communities will also broad en their horizons by the student’s telling of his own country and daily life in his own home. At the end of their school year, bus trips are organized to broaden the stu dent’s picture of the United States. Volunteer groups in communities across the nation are hosts for short parts of the 3-week period, both showing them places of unusual interest and offering their facilities for wholesome relaxation and enjoyment. It is heartwarming to see in addition to the bonds of affection formed among AFS students and the Americans they meet and live with the growth of important friendships among students of many different countries. Though students must leave at the end of their year, they still continue as mem bers of the American Field Service. The returnees, to the limit of their available time, follow through by spreading word of their experiences in articles and speeches, and put into practice wherever they can, what they learned from their time abroad. They form committees to advise on the selecting of future students and institute the American Abroad Pro gram. It is interesting to note that many or ganization, as well as individuals, con tribute to the AFS program which could not have grown as it has without their generous cooperation. Schools waive non resident tuition and other fees. Family circles are enlarged willingly and with out pay to welcome the students, who are treated like the other young people in the home. Communities form volun teer chapters to look after the students and pool their resources to raise the par ticipating contribution for each one. And the general public contributes. Thus, the the American Field Service has the co operation of many helping hands in its effort to open wide the door to a friend lier world. An American Field Service Interna tional Scholarship is an open door which leads to understanding and friendship amongst people of the world. afterwards. Or she can dictate answers to somebody acting as her secretary. She formerly planned to major in Eng lish but seems to have changed her mind due to a special liking she developed for her present teacher in Philosophy. If things go the right way, she might major in Philosophy and minor in English. Speaking about hobbies, Leonila col lects stamps and derives pleasure from writing letters. She types her letters to sighted friends and writes in Braille to the blind ones. Movies are not a monopoly of visiongifted individuals. Leonila goes to mo vies also. According to her, some stars have such friendly voices, they must be very pleasant people. To record, what was her happiest ex perience 1 It was when unexpectedly, she was accepted into the University of San Carlos and was the recipient of a onehundred per cent scholarship. She feels very happy and extremely grateful to the administration of this university. The problems are inevitable and cannot be denied. For instance, how will she man age in a laboratory class, mandatory for Liberal Arts students ? Cooperating with the grace of God, plus the assistance and understanding of the USC people, she is confident in her going through the ordeal. With such determination and courage, she can’t fail. Aug.-Sept., 1966 THE CAROLINIAN Page Seventeen “I WANT TO PROMOTE understanding between the Philippines and the United States, and I want to learn more about this beautiful country.” It’s wonderful to hear such remarks from Anne Lilia Varney, a 16-year old student of Westchester High School, Los Angeles, California, who is presently in Cebu City as an exchange American Field Service scholar. Those who have had the pleasant experience of talking with her have noticed her conservative views of life which are quite different from our concept of an American teen ager. Anne Lilia Varney, daughter of Mr. & Mrs. Justin Varney, is Cebu’s first Ame rican Field Service student who is taking AB in this University. She is amazed to find herself having eight subjects in com parison to her five subjects at Westchest er High. Her knowledge of Spanish and Italian languages is a help to her, since AFS Bureau requires all applicants to learn at least one foreign language. AFS puts this as a must, so to lessen the stu dent’s language problem in a place where she is assigned. However, Anne needed a few weeks in order to adjust herself to our way of speaking her language. We do have the grammar but our accent is undeniably different. Actually, her fondest desire is to learn our Cebuano dialect. This talented and charming person loves to cook, read history books, and sing folk songs. Surprisingly, she doesn’t go for the Beatles. She rather listen to Ian and Sylvia. Anne’s talent for music is shown everytime she plays her autoharp, a unique instrument which she takes along wherever she goes. It has become a part of her. Anne is staying with the Pelaez family, (Atty. & Mrs. Fulvio Pelaez) for the duration of her one year stay. The host family is fascinated at her varied im pressions on things which we take for granted. Anne marvels at our ever green sceneries. It is a sign of rich natural resources, she observes. She had the thrilling experience at seeing tartanilla and jeepney drivers recklessly driving, unmindful of the safety of the pedes trians. She wonders everytime she sees our boys holding hands while walking in the street. In her country, holding hands is natural with a boy and a girl. Our food is all right with her except one preparation she called "blood pud ding”, which is actually our native dinugo-an. In the beginning, Anne couldn’t understand why there was so much rice in a Filipino meal. But she is learning fast. Anne is looking forward to a visit in our slum area. She believes that this is one of the ways by which she can understand the problems of this country. We hope that when Anne ends her onevear stay here, she will appreciate Cebu City and will bring home varied enjoy able experiences. FOG (UP IN BUSAY) Fog felled from stars' feet Intrude when the sun is dead. Motionless as a lover. Finally creeping loose Elope with the same impatient wind nevermore to be seen. —Margie Ong AB-IV Page Eighteen THE CAROLINIAN Aug.-Sept., 1966 Outside of a few notable exceptions such as Estrella Alfon, who published one of the Philippines’ first collection of stories; Godofredo Rosperos, who once lorded it over as literary editor of the Sunday Times Magazine; and Renato Madrid, who recently broke into the exclusive rank of Free Press prize-winning authors, Cebu writing is not known for its imagination, expertise, keen insight and all else associated with creative writing. NEW WRITING: up from tke mud Henry L. Ormoc Instead, most writing, if one digni fies it with such a word, is literally banged off the keys of typewriters by loquacious reporters with the deadline breathing down their necks. They write for the peso, not for art. It is no wonder then that these bored “writers” can only bore their readers. In the face of such mediocrity, the only alternative is for some bold new genius to zoom out of the blue. In other words, only the departures from the tried and the sure have some semblance of creativity. Only the new can escape the old. In Cebu, new writing is mostly student writing. Unfazed with life and not yet straight-jacketed by convention, these young men still have that fire of ideal ism and spirit of undauntedness which best symbolised creativity. With their imagination fertilized with freedom and minds pregnant with ideas, these fled ging writers bear watching. Most of these new emergent writers are still immersed only in campus writing, although some, like Resil Mijares, Ricardo Patalinjug, Thelma Enage and Richard Paradies have crashlanded on local and national magazines. The large number of campus writers is a propitious sign, but as Margaret Mead said, "We need quality; quantity takes care of itself.” As the queen of creativity poetry is a woman all would-be writers would woo sometimes with disastrous results. Like an ellusive lover, the muse is a rare catch for self-styled prince charm ings. Having put poetry on such a high pedestal, which is as it should be, since poetry demands “maximum of meaning in a minimum of words”, would be poets are confronted with a long hard climb ahead. To ascend the steep mount, poetic sensibility, insight and control of languge are basic equipments which unfor tunately not many possess. While ascending the mount is a ma jor task in itself, an unnecessary stum bling block finds itself on these young poets’ way. Many student editors, like the proverbial wolf who cried “sour graves” seem to adopt a patronizing at titude towards poetry. Although none have dared to go as far as to drop the poetry section altogether, they give poetry a “second class” status. This is seen in the unequal treatment of essays and poems. Titles of poems seldom rate a space in the table of contents, but are grouped together in a single word, “poems”. Poetry rarely has a page of its own, but is squeezed into whatever space is left by long winding essays. Sad as it is to admit, student poetry does seem to deserve the "second class” status appropiated by their editors. Most student verse is characterized by what Critic Eric Torres typed as: obvious ness, cuteness of language, tinkleness of rhyme, freak typography, bogus senti ments, pretentious image-clot, rhetorical sleights of hand, rambling associations and a knowledge of the more arcane words in Roget’s Thesaurus. .. “Few, if any students" work hard at knowing the capabilities of language, much less con templation, the discipline of solitude and silence.” From the look of things, student poetry seems to be divided into two major schools of thought. The first, steming mainly from the sectarian schools, apparently subscribes literally to the motto, "restore all things in (Continued on next page) Aug.-Sept., 1966 THE CAROLINIAN Page Nineteen Christ”. No matter what their subject, no ma'.ter what their theme, inevitably and as surely as the sun will rise in the East tomorrow, sooner or later, "God, Lord, Thee or Him” or some more indirect, less obvious but no less ambigious words as “Truth, Goodness” creep in. Without denying the value of “God and all” as Holden Caulfield would, one senses that all these are but broken re cords. Where is the high spirit, the new idea youth is supposed to represent? What’s new with thi^ brew? The opposite schorl of thought, for want of a better subject, is an unabash ed celebration of a goddess called “love”, or what Norman Mailer crudely termed as “the Bitch”. While their unashamed incantations of love are in line with their numerical age and their biological status as puberty emergent, their songs are but repetitious tired old sayings, or worse, an evocation of an old hag wear ing new clothes. Worse still, since most of these would-be lovers have yet to ex perience what love is, they cannot speak with the authority only experience can give. Inevitably the products of these "love poem” factories are fake senti ments, bogus emotions and cliche-ridden sweet nothings which any one more fam iliar with life can recognize at first sight as "phoney”. Essayist are mostly frustrated poets. Since they realize their lack of poetic gift and experience and fancy, they have to aim for a more common bird. Like their contemporaries of the higher life, these essayists are engaged in a vain search for a subject. Not knowing what to do with their limited ability and un limited energy, and knowing their own ambition to go into history as sages and prophets of the New Jerusalem, they are torned between Reason and Impulse.. With the easy simplification of youth, they would assume an all-knowing atti tude and issue manifestos of new philo sophies which are in reality mere re hearses of Existentialism and proclaim new theories of criticism which are in reality old asides of F. R. Leavis. These smart-alecky self-appointed shrew birds in the know can produce only unrealized ideas and infectious disorder. After all, who can say he has all the answers to all the questions of life except God? Without a subject to divide them into camps, essayists differ only in style. Those who seek originality often con fuse it with subjectivity; they uncork their minds and pour their heads out, letting their words go rambling on and on without the least knowledge of what they are saying or where they are leading to. These adventurers into confusion just cannot expect anyone except their sweethearts to read them. Those who do not seek originality often confuse it with conformity; they package their papers and snip, clip their term papers and presto; an essay. More often than not, these stereo-type features do not rise above the level of most daily journalism, who are famous for their 5W and notorious for their wrong spellings and erroneous grammar. Of course, dull formula can only product dull writing, which is not much better than no writing at all. The plight of the essayist are best seen in the editorial pages of most stu dents’ magazines. There the supposedly hard hitting editorials are writ en by timid souls with the most cautious hands. They seem afraid of offending anyone except man-eating barracudas which can be criticized without harming any sensitive souls. Otherwise, they are as timid as a new born baby. The short story writers can best strike a happy balance between imagin ation and control. Their medium per mits them a freedom bordering on the poet’s which is a most difficult freedom and requires the control approximating the essayists’ which is resultant indeed. Loquacity, a vice in essay, can be trans form into “a stream of consciousness”, a virtue in short story. Free ranging imagination, disastrous for essays, can help bolster the coat of symbolism all modern short stories would not be caught dead without. Young short story writers, like their counterparts in other mediums, suffer from a want of experience. With their fondness for new adventures and exotic shores, it is not seldom that one with transported into the most distant shores. But once the reader’s bearing is found, the whole thing creaks. Brooklyn mo thers often speak with Texas accen s while New York Taxi drivers often talk as if they are fresh out of Harvard, all with the most impeccable grammar and restraint. Youthfulness can also harm these portraits of life. Human nature is apt to suffer under the hands of these starseeing writers. An often overheard com ment is: “It doesn’t happen like this.” Characterization is apt to be thin and flat, and what should be living, breath ing individuals emerge as dead and easily forgotten types. Despite their shortcomings, the young writers are a talented lot. They are also a hard working and fast learn ing bunch. With more gray hairs in their head, and a few more years of careful “aging", they give promise of rising from the mud produced by to day’s “word merchants". Promises, of course, can always go unkept. But one can always hope they will not go to the dogs and like their elders produce again a lot of “sound and fury signifying no thing”. — END — MINDOREROS have every reason to straighten their shoulders, jut out their chins and breathe deeply with a sense of pride. For standing in the front phalanx of Filipino writers in English, both with regard to quantity and quality of work produced, is one of Mindoro’s sons, N. V. M. Gonzalez. According to Roseburg, “he more than any other Fili pino writer, has demonstrated the fact that a Filipino, though writing in Eng lish, can nevertheless convincingly convey the soul and sentiment of his people without losing any indigenous charac teristic.”1 And the people Gonzalez writes about are the Mindorenos; the place, Mindoro. Leonard Caspar pre dicts that N. V. M. Gonz&lez’ works, together with those of Bienvenido Santos "with their complementary images of different countries of experience that can be called Filipino,” will be read, studied and discussed for a long, long time in the future.2 1. The early saga of Gonzalez is most interesting especially in view of the lofty position of eminence he has risen to in Filipino letters. How easy it is to pic ture the young teen-age Gonzalez tram ping from the barrio to the post office where as Roseburg tells us: “he would type the manuscript before mailing it and then after a few weeks of impatient waiting walk the same distance again only to receive rejection slips.”3 The initials of Gonzalez stand for Nestor Vi cente Madali, and he has stuck to using only the initials since the day his mo ther first recommended that he use them THE MIND by John McSherry, SVD with a story and it subsequently happen ed that this story, Awakening, was accepted by the Graphic for publication, his very first. He was then 16 years old, having been born in 1915. His fa ther had been a supervising teacher who had moved his family from Rombldn, Romblon, to take up a pioneering way of life in Mindoro during Gonzalez’ early boyhood. The previous position of his father in Romblon explain why, in one of his stories, Gonzalez presents a young lad who is the main narrator of the story and whose father was also formerly a supervisor. Page Twenty THE CAROLINIAN Aug.-Sept., 1966 The Filipino, though writing in English can nevertheless convincingly convey the soul and sentiment of his people. the bones of a public figure who prefers to remain in the background, it helps to know something of the place about which he writes. 2. Mindoro, where Gonzalez hails from and which is interwoven so intimately in the texture of practically all his books, is a fascinatingly beautiful land. Sev enth largest of the islands of the Phil ippines, it is split up and down its center by a spine of high mountains. Halcon in the north and Baco mountain in the south, two of the largest mountains in the Philippines, stand like attentive sentries. The outer rim of lowlands which encircle Mindoro is carpeted with rice lands, coconuts and grazing areas for cattle. In comparison to the rest of the Philippines, Mindoro is sparsely populated with less than 400,000 people. It is a land whose potential has still to be realized. It is perhaps, a land of the future. Mindoro’s name may bespeak this future hope, yet it is more connected to the romantic history of the past. “Mina do oro” means mine of gold. In the Atlas of the Philippines, we read the folORO OF N.V.M. GONZALEZ After finishing high school in Min doro, Gonzalez proceeded to Manila to study law but soon grew disillusioned since he could not focus his mind’s at tention on his law books. His heart was elsewhere. So he went to work for the Graphic where he remained for six years. After that he has devoted him self mainly to the field of creative writing. Currently, he teaches Writing at the University of the Philippines. He has won many awards for his writing, the first being a special award in the 1940 Commonwealth Literary Contests. After that, he was recipient of the Re public Award of Merit in 1954 and more recently the Cultural Heritage Award in 1960. He studied abroad under the auspices of a Rockefeller Foundation fellowship award and has likewise tra veled extensively. These statistics of the man present to us his public figure which, for the more interested, seem so insipid and dry. Like many authors, Gonzalez prefers to harbor his private life from the glare of publicity and fanfare, preferring to let his works speak for him. And if the reader is assiduous enough, he will find in the stories and other literary pieces the very soul of the author him self. And as is so often the case, the soul of the man is rooted and grounded in a particular locality, a particular re gion whose influence permeates the lives of the characters he writes about. This is especially true of N.V.M. Gon zalez. He writes of his native place, Mindoro, with a sense of reverence. And so it is, in fact, that his first work, Winds of April, tells about a child’s en larging world as the family moves from Romblon to the frontiers of Mindoro.4 Therefore, in order to put some flesh on lowing concerning the history of Min doro : “The Chinese brought their sam pans to the mouths of the rivers and traded their merchandise for forest products. The first Spaniards to ex plore the island were Juan de Salcedo and Martin de Goiti who had been dispatched by the Aaelantado Legazpi to Luzon upon hearing that here was a palisaded city at the mouth of the Pasig River. Legazpi himself visited Mindoro as he transferred the seat of his government from Cebu to Luzon. “The island suffered heavily from piratical raids by the Moslems, who established two strong holds on the island: Mamburao and Balete. En tire settlements were abandoned. In 1636. Tagal, brother of the Sultan of Mindanao, gathered a large fleet re cruited from Mindanao, Jolo and Borneo. He cruised along the Visayas and Mindoro, ravaging the coastal towns and 650 persons, among them Aug.-Sept., 1966 THE CAROLINIAN Page Twenty-one were 3 friars. Toward the end of the Spanish rule however, peace was achieved and the towns on the coastal region began to be developed.”® And so this land which was called "Ma-I” by the Chinese already in the thirteenth century,® whose coastline has been immortalized in Philippine history by the "La Naval de Manila” and in fiction by Nick Joaquin’s "The Legend of the Dying Wanton”,7 is the stuff of Mindoro’s yester year. Today Mindoro flexes its muscles pushing ahead with 20th century growth trying to catch up to the economic development of the rest of the Philippines. Today the eastern portion of Mindoro has been developed, whereas the western side is still pioneer country and has been described by many to be similar to the American Old West. There are vast lands there wait ing to be developed. A population ex plosion is going on due to the influx of imigrants. Since 1948, there has been a 95% increase in population.® Mindoro is thus in many ways a land of the future. Gonzdlez’ Mindoro is but one small sliver of th:s vast panorama of Min doro’s past, but a very important one. His Mindoro is the land of his child hood, of his youth. We might pigeon hole this period as time between the First World War until about the time of the Great Depression in the thirties. It was the time when the American Occupation was really taking hold in the PhiFppines. And Mindoro was then just waking up from its sleep of centuries. It was a time when the shy Mangyans, who fles from the en croachments of civilization, lived more in the lowlands and close to the few towns rather than hiding away in the moun tains. It was the time when the tamaraw was plentiful and the M'ndoreho did not have to go to the Manila Zoo to see an example of Mindoro’s pride of wildlife. And yet Gonz&lez’ Mindoro is even beyond the barrio. It is in the kaingins and its life is mostly the life of the kainginero. It is a place where people “live in a land of neither clocks nor calendars but only almanacs marked with the seasons of seedtime, caretak'ng and harvest.”® It is a slice of life so unique that it prompted the cultural an thropologist, Dr. Donn V. Hart, in a symposium sponsored by the Writer’s Club of the University of the Philip pines back in the late 1950’s, to express great concern about what he considered the primitive conditions, the total ab sence of church or school from the life of the kaingin folk”, depicted in Gonza lez’ then recently published Season of Grace.10 There is a very strong resemblance between Gonz&lez* Mindoro kainginero and Steinback’s "Oakie” as potrayed in the Grapes of Wrath. The reaction of both groups to life is so fundamental, human and dignified that one would almost think they were of the same stock. But delving deeper into the resemblance, one finds a striking dis similarity which perhaps is the key to a proper understanding of Gonz&lez. And it is this. Steinbeck’s "Oakies struggled against an abstract force which was greater than themselves and which never succeeded in crushing their hu man spirit. But this abstract force was created by man, the reigning powers and cliques of powerful men who in their drive to consolidate and mechanize the r vast land holdings did so without any thought or feeling for the humans who consequently suffered thereby. The Min doro kainginero is also subjected to an abstract force, but in his case it is not one deriving so much from human con nivance, but rather from the forces of nature. And yet the astonishing factor to be noted is that although there is every implication of a war, a battle and a skirmish w th nature, the kainginero seems to survive, to come out ahead by joining himself with the opposite camp, in this case, with the forces of nature, by immersing himself so completely in the texture of nature’s cycles that it is precisely this that helps him in the end to preserve, after all, his own individual dignity and identity. This particular interlocking of the human spirit with nature which is so evidenced in Gonz&lez’ books and which is somewhat sublim nally presented is aptly articulated by comparing it to a description of Australia in Eleanor Dark’s book The Timeless Land: "Here it was as if the pulse of life in plant and beast and man has slowed almost to immobility, talking its beat from the land itself, which had all eternity in which to change. Here life was marooned and Time, like a slowly turning wheel., was only night and day, summer and winter, birth and death, the ebb and swell of tides. Nothing showed for the passing of ages but a minutely changing coast line, and infinitesimal wearing away of mountains, a well barely discern ible lifting of coral reefs...” And with all of this in mind, it might be asked then: "Well, if it is these qualities of the human spirit that make the kainginero of Gonzalez simi lar to the ‘Oakies’ of Stenbeck, what difference does it make that these people are inhabitants of Mindoro?” The Mindoreno can feel proud, after all, to think that he lives at the very font, that he is able to breathe the same a r and view the same exquisite mountains and coastlines that have been a factor in producing such noble human qualities. For it cannot be denied that a man’s environment has an impact on what he is. And the closer a man lives to the forces of nature in a particular area, the closer it becomes, in a sense, part of h im. And so although it can be said THE AUTHOR John McSiierry, SVD Author speaks from experience on Gon zalez's Mindoro being a resident there himself, a teacher ot the Mindoro Col lege in Calapan. Father McSherry at tends Summer closses here ot USC for that the kainginero of Gonz&lez so shares the universal qualities of human spirit that he can be compared to man in any place and at any time, still there has to be something unique about him by the very fact that he lives, loves and dies in Mindoro. 3. This then in a general sense is Gon zalez kainginero of Mindoro. But in order to get a well rounded picture of what they are truly like, they must be exam ined closer yet, their values, their out look on life as portrayed to us by the author. First of all, they are not sterotypes; a pitfall into which some au thors are inclined to fall for sake, per haps, of an audience. "Gonz&lez’ char acters are believable, a race of common men, without being reduced to the usual (for-export-only) stereotyped lovers of "tuba” and cockfights, and haters of spinster chaperons.”12 And equally importan with this fact, is the idea that these Mindoro kainginero are also not in nocents in the sense that they are "the happy savages of Rousseau’s sanitary jungles”.13 Hardship, suffering, hunger and want are an intimate part of their lives — and this does not surprise them. More than that, they are truly children of the "ash-covered loam”. For the de struction is of their own making, per haps even a wanton leeching of the earth of its rich forests, thus preparing the land for the ravishing by water and flood. Another factor that further delin eates Gonzalez* characters is their mas sive resignation to their way of life. In deed, concerned people may rightly and Page Twenty-two THE CAROLINIAN Aug.-Sept., 1966 justly worry about the social injustice that the kainginero is victim of in view of the fact that Mindoro is only a halfhour away from Manila by plane. It must be remembered though that even today the distance to the world of Manila by land sea for a poor man may be two or three days. But far, far greater is the psychological jump from that plot of land somewhere in the mountains of Min doro to Roxas Boulevard in Manila. The life of these people has not kept pace with the growth and development of the modern world; we might say they didn’t even know what they were missing be cause of the simplicity of their isolated world. But then in the face of their towering resignation and simplicity of life, who really is missing out — they or the habitute of the sophisticated, cos mopolitan city? Allied to this spirit of resignation, is the capacity of the kaingero for suf fering — suffering that is quietly, un ostentatiously taken in stride. Gonzalez has been often acknowledged by critics for his restraint, for his lack of melo drama. And although the trials, troubles and tribulations of his folk are ennumerated with an almost journalistic, clini cal coldness, it is precisely this quality that leaves the reader breathless in the sight of so much common-sense knowl edge of how to suffer, which is truly a part of wisdom. For these kaingineros, there is so much hunger, so much want, so much physical deprivation. But they are not overcome. They endure. They triumph — with dignity. There is Marta in “The Morning Star” from Gonzalez’ Children of the Ash-Covered Loam: "She blames no one for the fact that she is about to bear an illegiti mate child in a strange wilderness, with its father irretrievably beyond their reach. Instead, she accepts the company and comfort of an old sailor and a mute, so that her pain and even the loss of the child are bearable... Marta, however, phys.cally unlovely, is morally attractive for having en dured so well the full human burden.” As Leonard Casper has so aptly and beautifully expressed it, “Love does not prevent suffering. It only seals off complaint.”14 Intimately connected with this qual ity of resignation and spirit of quiet suf fering is the deep, almost imperceptible current of religious faith that unites these two qualities into a chalice offering of worship of God. The point might be argued. But one cannot deny that these people do have an awareness, though permeated with superstition, of God. And it is this that makes them able to be resigned and able to suffer. It is so true that “institutionalized religion is so remote... that the figures of saints function chiefly as a display of social status; and the church building is swept out, at the last moment, only in time for funeral... yet grace... is every where present, even transfiguring super stition through the innocence of the be lievers’ faith; grace is a religious under lay, the wine in human blood.”16 And most interesting concerning the religious beliefs of these people is the comparison that one can make to “the intense and corrupt Church-goers of a Joaquin”;10 people of simple faith with a trust and confidence in Divine Provid ence as contrasted with those who live a life of “formal” religion but leave themselves open to despair, hopelessness and suicide. This then, though inadequately and ex pressed, is the "Mindoro of GonzAlez” and the “Mindoreno” as depicted by him in most of his works. And we may now ask ourselves and seek to find out what the critics say in appraisal of Gonzalez’ literary attempts. 4. “In defense of Gonzales’ stories, Fran cisco Arcellana has explained how to ap preciate his art. He says that the art of Gonz&lez’ is never to sacrifice pattern for strength, never to lose one’s purpose but to take every care to make out of something ordinary a beautiful thing. There is no other statement in the entire body of his work that more clearly and adequately expresses his particular and singular belief. It is the foundation of his artistic faith. The terms of the faith are first, that art is a working with material, a skill, a craft; second, that art should be pur posive; and third, that art is the mak ing of a beautiful thing.17 In Philippine Studies, Fr. Miguel Bernad, SJ, has the following to say about Gonz&lez’ Season of Grace: "This is a remarkable book — some what tiresome on first reading, fasci nating on second, and on third reading (if one has good sense to attempt a third) enchanting. The third reading should be done by parts, dipping into the book now and then, ana skipping whole sections that do not merit a third reading. And thereby hangs a tale: for N.V.M. Gonzalez is a splendid writer of parts; he is less successful in dealing with wholes ... It would be a mistake to look for a story in this novel ... It is not the story which is worth reading but the incid ents that make up the story and what is generally called almost ‘total recall’ . . . This is a beautiful story. It is a truly Filipino story, simply and beautifully told. That is why it is fas cinating on the second reading and enchanting on the third. It is more than enchanting; it is moving.”18 The general over-all appraisal of Leo nard Casper was noted at the beginning of this paper. All of these critiques men tioned are very positive, almost in the superlative sense. Yet each one of these critics will at the same time take issue with certain aspects and points of Gon zalez’ work. Perhaps the device that Gonzalez uses in an attempt to render the dialect into English by use of very simple almost repetitious style is the one element that has been most questioned by the critics. Surprisingly, though, one of the most negative criticisms of Gon zalez that I have come across is an article in Sands and Coral by Lilian Bayron, an English Instructor at Silliman Univer sity. “Most of the bucolic stories of Gon zalez are plotless for they are mere sketches of life in the remotest re gions of Mindoro or in some obscure barrio. Most of the stories in his book Seven Hills Away do not have specific plots and on the surface, it seems as if nothing very much hap pens — ... but somehow his beauti ful passages and this stilted manner of speaking are inconsistent and ir reconcilable with one another.”18 With regards to my own personal opin ion, perhaps from the outset I would have to confess to being somewhat biased in the sense that I have found the works of Gonzalez most rewarding due to the fact that he writes about territory where I live and in which I am most interested. This bias would be evident, I suppose, by the very fact that I chose the particular topic for this paper as well as by my choice of quoted material of the critics as cited above. The title of Gonzalez’ book of short stories Look, Stranger, on this Island Now is an invitation to Josl Rizal, who, shortly before his death, stopped at the port of Romblon and perhaps immor talized the place with the following com ment: “The port is lovely, but sad and solitary”. So Gonzalez invites Rizal to revisit the town once again and possibly reconsider the changed and changing Philippine Society. In the same spirit, but referring to Mindoro, I summon N.V.M. Gonz&lez “to look on this island t>. si. >. 83. Aug.-Sept., 1966 THE CAROLINIAN Page Twenty-Three ----- 1 HE POPULAR NAME is "elec tric eye” but some call it "magic eye”, and the first experience was startling as magic. As a young girl attending college in Manila many years ago, I stepped on the thres hold of Aguinaldo’s on a shopping day and immediately the door opened before me. Noticing that nobody appeared from within, my mind began to question the promptness and smoothness of the door’s response to my presence. I walked in and it closed. I walked back to the door and it opened again. “The magic eye”, I thought, recall.ng what I had heard before. “So this is it.” The later years brought some under standing of the secret wonder behind the eye that secs unseen. A beam of invisible light activates the electric eye by causing electrons to flow through a circuit connected with the door’s mechanism. Crossing the path of the beam would, at that instan., cut .t off and simultaneously, stop the flow of current. The effect is like a switch which triggers the opening and closing of the door. Author i, editor-in-chief of the Junior Philippine Scientist, a utiirrrs.’d, publication: a teacher, physics researcher, and secre tary with the Physics department. Miss Koppin holds two bachelor's deyrres. in physics and pharmacy, and an M.S. in Physics from USC. The student of science will recognize the "eye” by the name phototube. It is a light-sensitive device which far sur passes the human eyo’s capability to de tect and observe. Exceeding the human eye’s sensitivity to all the colors of the spectrum, photosensitive devices have ranges that extend beyond the visible region into the ultraviolet and infra-red. They are said to be capable of tracking an object in flight, whether it be a bul let or a cosmic ray particle. They can accompany a rocket to outer space or explore a hole drilled deep into the crust of the earth.1 We speak of light waves and light beams, and imagine one continuous un dulating line of light when we think of a ray. But light is not continuous; its texture, if it could be felt, would be granular because light consists of dis crete packets of energy called photons. The eye is unable to dis.inguish these particles of light, as such because photons are so tiny and multitudinous that they flood the vision like a fluid. But a photo tube can; it is tuned to detect a photon if it encounters one. Such is tho sensiti vity of this device. Page Twenty-four THE CAROLINIAN Aug.-Sept., 1966 And how does this work? A single photon hitting the sensitive cathode of the tube knocks off an electron which is then attracted to the positive anode. But one swallow does not make a summer, and so one electron cannot make a mea surable electric current. To enhance the effect of one photon, the multiplier pho totube was developed. Between its cathode and electron-attracting anode are several target electrodes at increas ing potential known as dynodes. Suppose a single photon ejects one electron from the cathode, the electron will be drawn towards the nearest dynode and, upon hitting the surface, it will kick out an other electron. Together they are attract ed to the higher potential of the next dynode where each will release an addi tional electron. The four electrons are now drawn to the higher potential of dynode no. 3 and their number is doubled. If you will try to figure out the number of electrons that will result from one photon after successive multiplication in nine dynodes, you will realize that the effect of a photon is magnified 256 t’mes before it reaches the anode. A photo-mul tipl er with nine dynodes is among the latest addition to the research equipment in the Physics Department of this Uni versity. Rev. Dr. Michael Richartz, SVD whose studies in optics have met recogni tion in such internationally known scien tific publications as Optik, and Zeitschrift fur Instrumemtonkunde (both of Germany), and the Journal of the Optical Society of America, will use the equip ment to test the reliability of the photo electric methods he proposed for measur ing optical activity and ellipsometry. Along with the multiplier phototube are an amplifier and two pieces of graduated circles for measuring the rotation of polarized light to within one minute (1/60 degree) of accuracy. The change in intensity of light resulting from its rota’.ion by means of a polarizing prism can be detected only with a phototube. Fr. Richartz has spent more than 30 years of his life in the study of optics. His articles are cited as references in a few physics encyclopedias and some books in optics by well known physicists as Max Born and Emil Wolf. This equipment is a personal grant to Father Richartz from the Fritz Thyssen Foundation upon the recommendation of the Federal Government Agency for Ger man Scientists in Foreign Lands (Vermittlungstelle fur Deutsche Wissenschaftler im Ausland). Two years ago, Fr. Franz Oster, SVD, also of this De partment and temporarily ass gned in Formosa, received through the same agency a vacuum pump for his high va cuum laboratory. His work concerned the study of sputtering patterns created by discharging ions in a vacuum under the joint influence of a magnetic and an electric field. It is still going on. The latest recipient is Fr. Hubert Lorbach, SVD Head of the Physics Department, who will receive additional equipment for the radiation laboratory. In a leiter re cently received, he was informed that a complete radiation counter with pulse height analyzer will leave the factory for USC in August of this year. J MULTIPLIER PHOTOTUBE is shown in top photo, donated by the Fritz Thyssen Foundation of Ger many. Rev. Dr. Michael Richartz, SVD (right) head of the USC Mathematics department, holds a Ph.D. in mathematics and physics from the University of Munster, Germany. Thirty years engaged in optics research, his papers have ap peared in international scientific journals, the latest carried by the publication of the Optical Society of America. Aug.-Sept., 1966 THE CAROLINIAN Page Twenty-five Modest Proposal frequent confession is not necessarily a and justice are concerned. It is hope that this “examination of conscience" will lead those who want to be Christians to a deeper union with both Christ and the other members of His Mystical Body. The examination of conscience is divided into four themes: God, my vocation, my neighbor, my inner life. Christ said: “Do not think I have come to set aside the law and the prophets; I have not come to set them aside, but to bring them to perfection” (Mt 5, 17). Subse quently, in order to illustrate what he meant by bringing the law and the prophets to perfection, he in troduced various passages of his Sermon on the Mount with the fol lowing words: “You have heard that it was said to the men of old, “Thou shalt not..., but I tell you . . .” (Mt 5, 20, 5, 27; 5, 33). Thus the law of the Old Testament, both in the form of the decalogue and as proclaimed by the prophets, was replaced by the “law of Christ” (Gal 6, 2), whose greatest command is to love God whole heartedly and to love our neighbor as Christ Himself loved us. How ever, most Catholics examine their conscience only with respect to the Ten Commandments, often forget ting (if they know it at all) the law of Christ. As a result, they frequently overlook their hidden faults and the root of their short comings; and by taking on a cer tain spirit of self-righteousness, they cheat themselves with regard LUDWIG LEHMEIER, S.V.D. Dean of Religion to the closeness of their relation ship to God. Frequent confession by itself is not necessarily a sign that a per son is willing to die to sin with Christ and to live in a newness of life (cf. Rom 6). To be a sign of this, confession (or any other sacrament for that matter) must lead us to a truly personal en counter with Christ. Confronted with him who alone knows the sec rets of our hearts, all our ration alizations and self-defenses should collapse and thus free us for the realization of the new creature which we became at baptism and which should reach its perfection when Christ will come again and recompense everyone according to his works (Mt 6, 27). Therefore, I would like to pro pose to those of our students who earnestly strive for perfection, a different type of “examination of concience”, not based on the Ten Commandments, but on the actual words of Christ and St. Paul. However, if it were used by others, more detailed questions would have to be inserted, especially as far as sins against faith, life, chastity I. God 1. “Believe the Gospel” (Mk 1, 15). Am I glad and grateful be cause God exists, is good, and has called me to an in timate union with him? 2. "The Father himself is your friend” (John 16, 27). Am I anxious to keep con tact with God?... in pray er, in everday life? Do I trust in him and commit my whole being to his loving providence? Do I share everything with him, my joy, my needs, my failures? If I have sinned, do I humbly try to attain his forgiveness, or do I lose hope and try to hide myself from him? Do I prefer other persons or even material things to God ? 3. “Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and serve none but him (Mt. 4, 10). a. Is God my highest Lord in all things of my life? Am I subject to him in every thing? b. Is there anything in my life which could separate me from God? Is there danger of my becoming unfaithful to God, perhaps even grave ly? Doi shun near occasions of sin? Am I willing, if need be, to sacrifice everything for him? c. Am I willing to accept honor and health as well as contempt and sickness, or whatever God in his wisdom and love will send me from his hands? Page Thirty-six THE CAROLINIAN Aug.-Sept., 1966 sign that a person is willing to die to sin with (Christ and to live to a new life • . . II. My Vocation 4. “That you may be true sons of your Father in heaven (Mt 5, 45). a. Do I earnestly try to live as a son or daughter of this Father, in conformity with his Spirit, his com mands, his love? Do I en deavor to be good to others because God is good to me? b. How often do I take part in the Family Meal (Holy Communion) of the children of God? What hinders me from accepting my Father’s invitation more frequently? 5. “Follow me” (Mt. 9, 9). Am I open to Christ’s call to be his disciple in what ever state of life he has cho sen for me? Am I prepared to imitate his example per fectly in my life in order to be the “light of the world” ? 6. “He gave five talents to one, two to another, and one to another according to their several abilities” (Mt. 25, 15). a. Which special talents and gifts has God entrusted to me? (Character, physical and mental abilities, pro fession, grace). 7. “He who is not with me, is against me; he who does not gather with me, scatters” (Mt. 12. 30). a. Do I do my duty as a member of Christ’s mystical Body by professing my faith unashamedly and by trying to spread the “Glad Tidings” among those who do not yet love Christ? b. Are others (Commun ists, etc.) more active in the promotion of their cause than I in the promotion of Christ’s? III. My neighbor 8. “Do to other men all that you would have them do to you” (Mt. 7, 12.) a. Do I have an open and compassionate heart for the needs of other people? Do I try to put myself into their place when I see their needs, when they tell me their wishes and desires? Am I as much interested in their welfare as in my own? b. Am I reluctant to give away anything of my super fluous possessions, out of avarice or indifference, al though others have need of them? Do I retain things which make my life comfort able but are not absolutely necessary, while others might need them badly? c. Did I offend my relatives or other people through lack of consideration, patience, charity, unselfishness, self control, interest, etc? 9. "Whatever you refused to one of the least of my bre thren here, you refused it to me” (Mt. 25, 45). a. Am I really aware of the fact that God is entrust ing other people to me when ever I come into contact with them at the place of my work, in my neighbor hood, or when I become con scious of their needs? Or am I dull and blind to that kind of responsibility? b. Was there any person entrusted to my care whom could have helped, protected, guided, encouraged, in structed in the way of God? What did I do in such a case? Am I accustomed to caring for others, or do I keep out of everything which could involve personal sacrifices? 10. “He who casts his eyes on a woman so as to lust after her has already committed adultery with her in his heart” (Mt. 5, 28). Do I see in all persons, es pecially in those of the op posite sex, temples of the Holy Spirit, and do I respect this dignity of theirs in my thoughts, words and be havior? IV. My interior life 11. “Thou shalt not so much as let thy left hand know what thy right hand is doing” (Mt. 6, 3). Am I completely unselfish so that I do good, give alms, attend Mass, receive the sacraments, purely for God’s sake, or do I indulge in this commercial spirit which al ways asks: what do I get out of this or what? Am I really truthful both towards others and towards myself? Is a well-informed cons cience always the ultimate rule for all my actions? 12. “Blessed are the clean of heart” (Mt. 5, 8). Do I respect my own digni ty as a temple of God in thoughts, words and desires ? Do I have the firm will never to abuse my sexual faculty for the satisfaction of pas sions and base drives? 13. “Yours is to be the same mind which Christ Jesus showed” (Phil 2, 5). Do I earnestly try to shape my inner dispositions after the example of Christ — by overcoming hatred, avoid ing all kinds of injustice, forgiving, respecting all people as brothers in Christ, regardless of their race, re ligion or social status, bless ing and praying for those who wish or even do me evil ? 14. “You are to be perfect, as your heavenly Father is per fect” (Mt. 5, 48). Am I striving to overcome the legalistic approach to morality by being open to the law of the Spirit who wants to lead me to perfect ion, and not by being content with the bare minimum — avoidance of mortal sin? *This “examination of conscience" is based on Klemens Tilmann: Die Fiihrung zu Busse,Beichte und Christlichem Leben (Wurzburg: Echtcr Verlag, 1961), pp. 67-70. Aug.-Sept., 1966 THE CAROLINIAN Page Twenty-seven The Chief Librarian Answers (Continued from, page 13) once they have got the book “safely” out of the library, they only in an extremely few cases remember to return it.) The danger of theft arises most acutely with specially assigned books. It is then only a mattei of elementary precaution to issue such books only over a counter so that nobody will be tempted to spirit them out of the library. (To put the blame for this state of affairs on the shoulders of our counselors and teachers, as Mr. Cabanalan rather smugly sug gests, is poppycock. All they can do is advise and admonish. Whether or not their charges will listen to their good counsels is something over which the counselors have no control and for which, as a consequence, they cannot be held responsible). The second class of books which cannot be taken out for "the full 24 hours” are our reference books (those marked “R”; but, to repeat what I have stated above, they are not subject to the one-hour limitation). Also in this case, there are several very good reasons which make it advisable to impose this restriction. Amongst others, and perhaps most de cisive in leading to this particular re striction, is the librarian’s desire to get as much “mileage” as possible out of these books, i.e., to make them available to as many readers as possible. If books of this sort could be kept for a whole 24 hours, many of them would be almost permanently out of the library since the same borrower or a succession of bor rowers could ask for the same book over and over again. Under existing regula tions the book is, during day time, on the library shelf, where it is available to a good many readers who are (sup posed to be) around the university pre mises anyway. If it were kept in the home of a borrower, it would lie idle for a great part of the time, since the bor rower’s time will have to be divided amongst several activities, only one of them being the reading of the book. In short, keeping reference books in the library during class hours will make them available to up to a dozen readers whereas in the other case they would each serve the needs of only one reader. The one time where nobody and nothing need interfere with one’s reading, viz., after class hours, is precisely when he is allowed to have the book all for him self. To me, this makes sense. Coming finally to the last and no doubt most deeply felt complaint of Mr. Ca banatan, viz., that he suffered a rebuff when trying to get a “blue card” for the Graduate Section, we admit that this, in deed, looks like rank discrimination. Once more, he is mistaken. In the first place, it merely deprives him of the privilege to study in the Graduate Section; it does not deprive him of the chance to borrow books from it, to the extent that he really needs them, for 3 days at a time. The reason why he and many others like him cannot be admitted to the room itself, is simply the limited space avail able coupled with our obligation to pro vide sufficient seating capacity and un disturbed reading to the clients for whom the Graduate Section of the library is primarily intended, which is faculty mem bers, graduate students, and other people engaged in serious research works, in that order. Since under the circumstances only a very limited number of under graduates can be admitted, it was the logical thing to admit only those who are in need of regular consultation of the kind of books kept in that part of the library. These happen to be books in the fields of the humanities and the social sciences. Hence the decision to admit only stu dents majoring in Liberal Arts subjects, as far as we can accommodate them. As of this writing 78 students in all, i.e., just a little bit over 1% of our student population, have been given this privi lege; this is also about the limit to which we can go. Mr. Cabanatan is a Commerce student. There seems to be no real necessity for his studying in the Graduate Section, especially since he has a very spacious Commerce Library with several thousand volumes of books bearing on his own subject field at his disposal. If he should have the praiseworthy desire to acquire, together with the requisite knowledge in his chosen field, also a good liberal edu cation, well and good. There is nothing and nobody to prevent him from borrow ing the books he may need to further his wish. He may borrow them either from the Undergraduate collection of the Main Library or, where necessary, the Graduate Section or, finally, the book stack, the latter two via the card catalog. (We hope that as a Senior student he knows how to use it!) Before I conclude, I would like to use this opportunity to bring to the at tention of all (and I mean all!) our library clients two big problems about which they can do something. The first of these, is the horrible way in which many of our readers handle books: To begin with nine out of every ten readers turn the pages of a book by thumbing or bunching the pages at the lower comer instead of turning them with the finger tips at the upper edge, as civilized readers do. Add to this the smearing and defacing of the pages of our books with under linings, readers’ comments and thumb prints produced by unwashed hands, using books as carry-alls for whatever papers and other paraphernalia a student may carry about his person, thus breaking the backs of the books, or letting them lie around unprotected where cockroaches and other vermin may deface and des troy the bindings, and other uncivilized ways of handling books. If so many of our books re-appear in bindings pro duced by our bindery shop and a good many others are in a rather deplorable state of preservation, it must be largely blamed on these bad habits of our library clients. As it is, sometimes a brand new book has to be turned over to the bindery for a major repair job after having been issued to only a few readers. Even more abominable and downright nasty is the practice of a few students to tear out pages from books or cut out their illus trations, as happens again and again. Either these students are such unsociable and near-criminal elements that they just don’t care for anybody but themselves or they are so stupid that they don’t even realize that by perpetrating such acts they destroy a book for all practical in tents and purposes. There is no place for students of this sort in our univer sity, or any university, for that matter. The second problem is the habit of many library clients to return books, magazines, or, e.g., the card trays of the card catalog to just any available free space, not caring in the least whether the next client who wants to use the item in question will have to go through a frustrating and time-consuming search before he may finally find what he is looking for or give up in despair. Library readers are, however, expected to return only periodicals and the general reference books — those kept on the middle aisle shelfs. All other books must be left on the tables to be shelved by library as sistants. The ignorance or flagrant dis regard of this regulation is to blame for the sometimes truly chaotic state of the shelves in the Undergraduate Section of the library. In an extensive collection like that of our Graduate Section, this malpractice can lead to disastrous consequences; it will often make it entirely impossible to locate a book which may be urgently needed by people in research. Once it has become misplaced somewhere amongst the close to 40,000 volumes in that section, it is as good as lost. This is, by the way, one of the reasons why we just cannot permit undergraduate students (except the few provided with a “blue card”) to browse amongst the shelves of the Graduate Section. It would result in a chaos worse and more disastrous than the one en countered on the book shelves of the Undergraduate Section. It is bad library manners such as these which, beside the reasons mentioned be fore, force the librarian to impose re strictions if he wants to discharge his duty of preserving the more important books in his library and to keep them available for readers and researchers. He would be the first to let go of the check reins if the conduct of his clients would improve to such a degree as to warrant even freer access to the resources of his library than is the case now. Until we get that new “breed” of library clients, your “new policies”, Mr. Cabanatan, will have to wait. There is, however, one improvement we can effect at this time — it has, in fact, been ordered half a year ago — which is a more sparing use of “R” — marking in favor of a greater number of so-called Browsing (“B”-) books. That nothing much has yet been done to implement the order is mainly due to the prolonged absence of the As sistant in charge of the Undergraduate Section. How far we shall be able to go with this kind of “liberalization” will depend to no small degree on the way our readers will treat the books thus made more readily available to them. J Page Twenty-eight THE CAROLINIAN Aug.-Sept., 1966 by Rodolfo C. Kintanar Tactical Inspection Results About (apt. Aleonor of USC and His Staff Candidate School Two New Policies Roster of Cadet Officers SUMMER’S GONE and we arc now faced with the challenge of a new school year. Many blank days now await to be tilled with the joys and heartaches, the sweat and the fun of the struggle ahead. What achievements the Corps shall do this year yet remains to be done. What lessons the Corps had learned from the past still re mains to be seen. The Diehards’ dream last year was not fully realized. In the Tactical Inspection, the Administration got the first place among all other ROTC Units in the whole III MA. This speaks for the efficiency of Captain Oscar SV Aleonar, the Com mandant, and of the personnel in the De partment of Army Science and Tactics under him like, Sgt. Bonifacio Ando, Sgt. Jesus Largoza, Armorer Fred Antipuesto. Clerk Eddie Figueras, and Secretary Rosa Linda Valenzona. But in the over all rating the Corps got only the fourth place in the whole III MA although it got the first place among all the ROTC Units in the city. The WATC unit com manded by Cadette Captain Sylvia Aqui no got the third place among all other WATC Units in the III MA. This year there is no WATC Unit in the Corps. The WATC is stopped for lack of enrolment. The men in charge of the University of San Carlos ROTC unit are the following: Captain Oscar SV Aleonar, the Com mandant; Sgt. Bonifacio Ando, Admi nistration and Supply NCO; Sgt. Osias Gctalaga, Intelligence, Operation and Training NCO; and Cadet Colonel Fidel B. Dacalos, Jr., Corps Commander. Captain Aleonar, the Commandant, is a man who has been with the Philippine Army since 1948. An Advanced ROTC graduate from USC, he has been to the United States for further Military Stu dies twice. He is a veteran of the Korean War and has participated in the Anti Dissident Campaign in Central Luzon. During his 18 years of service in the Philippine Army, Captain Aleonar has been the recipient of the following de corations: the Military Merit Medal (with Bronze Anahaw Leaf) ; UN Medal, Korean Campaign (UN); Korean Cam paign (Philippine Award); Korean Cam paign (US Award); Korean Presidential Unit Citation Badge; Philippine Pres idential Unit C tation Badge; Combat Infantryman’s Badge (Korea); and the Anti-Dissident Campaign Ribbon. Aside from his duties as Commandant here in San Carlos, Captain Aleonar is also Com mandant of the Cebu Normal School, Public Affairs Officer and Civic Action Officer of the III MA. Sgt. Bonifacio Ando, the Administra tion and Supply NCO. is a man with 16 years of experience in the Army. He is a graduate of the Basic Signal Officers Course, an Art llery Reserve Officer with the rank of Captain, and a Korean War Veteran. He has been the recipient of a unit citation for gallantry in act on from Korean President Syngman Rhee. Sgt. Osias Gctalaga, the Intelligence, Operation and Training NCO, has also been with the Philippine Army for about 15 years. He has participated in the Huk campaign in Pampanga from 1951 to 1953. Then he joined the Loose Firearm Campaign in Lanao. He had attended the Reserve Commission Officers Candidate School at the Philippine Army Training Center in Ft. William McKinley, now Fort Bonifacio; the Operation and Train ing In-Service Training in 1962 at the III MA; the ROTC Instructors Refresh er Course in the III MA in the summer of 1962. He has been an ROTC Instructor in one of the local institutions in the city from 1958 to 1962. During his years of service, Sgt. Getalaga has been the re cipient of many Commendations and Certificates of Merit, among them a Commendation from Colonel Albert Friedlander, CO of the Reserve Affairs Group, as the Most Outstanding Soldier of the Unit in 1965. He was also chosen by the Board of Officers under the Chair manship of Col. David San Juan as III MA Candidate for Philippine Army Sold ier of the Year 1965. Sgt. Getalaga was assigned to Diehard Corps only this year. He replaced Sgt. Jesus Largoza who volunteered for Vietnam and is now with the Philcag group which will leave for Vietnam this September. The present Corps Commander, Cadet Colonel Fidel Dacalos, Jr. is the former “CO” of the Ranger Unit of the Univer sity. He is a third year Electrical En gineering student. Other new personnel in the DAST Of fice are Miss Charitte Pagusara, a charm ing soft-spoken Zamboanguena taking BSE Major in Science, who is now DAST secretary; and Mr. Fred Asunto, a hard working Boholano taking Commerce, who is the clerk of the office. After the Tactical Inspections last March 24, a General Critique was held and with it the Diehard Unit began gird ing itself up for this year’s coming strug gle. Last summer, a Cadet Officers Candi date School (COCS) was conducted in the university by the First Class Cadets led by Corps Commander Cadet Colonel Fidel B. Dacalos, Jr. Twenty-five men passed the course and they were duly honored in fitting ceremonies at the Jaycees’ Clubhouse last July 10. Guest speaker for the occasion was Colonel An tonio R. Romero, new III MA Command er. In his speech Col. Romero urged the then future cadet officers of the Corps to be true leaders, in the classrooms, in the campus, and in the field, not to be “leaders by appointment only”. Before his speaking engagement at the COCS graduation, Col. Romero paid a (Continued on next page) Aug.-Sept., 1966 THE CAROLINIAN Page Twenty-nine courtesy call on Rev. Dr. Rudolf Rahmann, University President, in his office on July 7. He was accompanied by his staff and Captain Aleonar. Training for the 1,375 cadets enrolled this semester began last July 16. This training shall continue every Saturday until the end of the semester. There shall be no training on Sundays. Last July 30, while the men were on the field, Col. Romero visited them to observe how training was conducted and how the men behaved. This is the first time an Area Commander visited ROTC Cadets during their training and the USC Cadets were the first observed. Col. Romero was satisfied with the con duct of the men and the method of train ing. Two new policies are implemented tlfs year by the DAST. One is the shortening of the sleeves of the Type “A” uniform (khaki) and the wearing of Pershing Cap of Cadet Officers with the Type “A” uniform. The other is the Special Formation of the Corps Very lice. Rudolf Rahmann, University President, receives courtesy call of Col. Antonio R. Romero (left forcyround), newly desiynated III MA commander. To the riylit is Capt. Oscar SV Aleonar, commandant military science and tac‘ics. ROTC Cadet Officers for 1966-67 Cdt. Col. Fidel B. Dacalos, Jr. Corps Commander every last Sunday of the month for the purpose of attending mass. The cadets are also enjoined to receive Holy Com munion. “We are not only concerned with military training but also of the spiritual side since of this the soldier needs more,” Captain Aleonar said con cerning this policy. The Set-up of the Corps at present is as follows: PRESENT SET-UP By the way, this is for you girls; the ROTC Officers are scouting around for Sponsors... Whether the Philcag is catapulted to the heights of glory or to the depths of despair, we can be sure we have Diehards there. As of now, I know of three men with the Security Forces of the Philcag. They are Sgt. Jesus Largoza, Sgt. Ramon Apurado, and Santiago Prejido, son of Capt. Lucilo Prejido, and a former platoon leader of Foxtrot Com pany. The Department of Army Science and Tactics thanks the Supreme Student Council for the portable transistorized megaphone given to the Corps. More power to the Council! J Cdt Col Fidel Dacalos, Jr ............................................... Corps Commander Cdt Lt Col Maximo A Encomicnda ............................. 1st BCT Commander Cdt Lt Col Francis D Alvez........................................... 2nd BCT Commander Cdt Maj James T Hofer................................................... Corps SI & Adjutant Cdt Capt Francisco Padilla ........................................... Corps S2 Cdt Maj Bonifacio Ybaiiez ............................................. Corps S3 Cdt Maj Mauricio Santiago Jr ..................................... Corps S4 Cdt Capt Gil Blanco ......................................................... CO, “A” Co Cdt 1st Lt Roy Ratcliffe.................................................... 1st Plat Ldr, "A” Co Cdt 1st Lt Felix Ayaay .................................................... 2nd Plat Ldr, “A” Co Cdt 1st Lt Florante Macalisang ...................................... 3rd Plat Ldr, “A” Co Cdt 2nd Lt Gustavo Neri Jr.............................................. 4th Plat Ldr, “A” Co Cdt Capt Edgar Saso ....................................................... CO, “B” Co Cdt 2nd Lt Gregorio Cabajar ........................................... 1st Plat Ldr, “B” Co Cdt 2nd Lt Virgilio Flores ................................................. 2nd Plat Ldr, “B” Co Cdt 2nd Lt Abner Torres ................................................... 3rd Plat Ldr, "B” Co Cdt 2nd Lt Mariano Mancao ............................................. 4th Plat Ldr, "B” Co Cdt Capt Emmanuel Espiritu ....................................... CO, "C” Co Cdt 2nd Lt Romeo Lim .................................................... 1st Plat Ldr, “C” Co Cdt 2nd Lt Romeo Seno .................................................. 2nd Plat Ldr, “C” Co Cdt 2nd Lt Adriano Perez .............................................. 3rd Plat Ldr, “C” Co Cdt 2nd Lt Roberto Fuentes .......................................... 4th Plat Ldr, “C” Co Cdt Capt Erlindo Gonzaga ............................................. CO, “D” Co Cdt 2nd Lt Francisco Rabuza ..................................... 1st Plat Ldr, “D” Co Cdt 2nd Lt Reynaldo Berdin .......................................... 2nd Plat Ldr, “D” Co Cdt 2nd Lt Haul Cayme .................................................. 3rd Plat Ldr, “R” Co Cdt 2nd Lt Reynaldo Cruz .............................................. 4th Plat Ldr, "D” Co Cdt Capt Gaudioso Villagonzalo ..................................... CO, “E” Co Cdt 1st Lt Roy Cimafranca ............................................. 1st Plat Ldr, “E” Co Cdt 2nd Lt Celso Macachor ............................................. 2nd Plat Ldr, “E" Co Cdt 2nd Lt Francisco Palang........................................... 3rd Plat Ldr, “E” Co Cdt 2nd Lt Ruben Gierran ............................................... 4th Plat Ldr, "E” Co Cdt Capt Abraham Wenceslao ......................................... CO, “F” Co Cdt 1st Lt Cecilio Rabuza ................................................ 1st Plat Ldr, "F” Co Cdt 1st Lt Wilson Sopocado ............................................ 2nd Plat Ldr, “F” Co Cdt 1st Lt Vicente Mancelita Jr .................................... 3rd Plat Ldr, "F” Co Cdt 1st Lt Isabelito Labra ................................................ 4th Plat Ldr, “F” Co Page Thirty THE CAROLINIAN Aug.-Sept., 1966 RTS by MANUEL RAMOS OCHOA Sports Editor Local sports has indeed taken a deep dive since that debacle in the Rome Olympics. There was time when the Filipinos were the unr.valed kings in Asia and a power threat in world sports. We had had our share of glory, fate denies it to us now. Or is it? Our athletes used to swagger on the hardcourt and raise the r heads in haughty grandeur. Time has changed the faces of the victors. Everybody seems to be getting in the “swaggerin” act. The Japanese, Indo nesians and Koreans arc out-swaggering us. We had every right to do that then. Basketball was our chosen religion. And kings we were. In the 1954 world Bas ketball in Rio de Janiero, Brazil, the Philippine team stopped three notches short of the top. The world was stunned and people everywhere stood in awe and respect for the brown supermen who played like they were not scared of the devil himself. There were the Loyzagas, the Mumars, the Manulats, the Tolen tinos, the Ballesteros, etc. Twelve years have passed. Now everybody else in the world is browbeating us. The Asians are stepping on our toes and, worse, the Europeans are knocking us cross-eyed and bow-legged. Canada, whom we beat in Brazil, licked us in 1962 right under our noses. Let’s call a spade a spade. Basketball is not for us “kids”. We’re through. [Kaput!] Baseball had its great moments, too. Men, like Jarop llo, Briones, Oncinian, etc., placed the Philippines in the base ball map and made a sorry mess of the slit-eyed and yellow-skinned beings dwelling .n the lands north of the Phil ippines. Just imagine: the national team beating the Japanese nine in their homeground, a Filipino smashing a homerun after he steals the catcher’s signal. It seemed incredible, but true. Today, baseball has been relegated to a sport mainly for the balding and the grey-haired. Even the fans are the old fanatics of baseball. They come to ball park dragging and bribing their little ones along in a vague hope to turn their innocent minds to play ball. A very noble gesture! It is interesting, though sad, to see on week-ends fathers booing, cheer ng and yelling their hearts out at ball games in the Rizal Memorial dia mond, with little boys oblivious of what is happening in the ball park. An Ame rican spectator once shook his head in disgust and remarked: “Fer crissake, baseball is dead out here”. Like baseball, tenn's has become a sport for old timers. This statement is very self-evident that only the unin formed contradicts. Who played in this year’s Davis Cup ties? Felicisinio Ampon and Rey Deyro, of course. There’s no denying their skill and courage. Ampon, the greatest Filipino racket-w elder, was once considered one of the world’s best, pound for pound and Rey Deyro is undoubtedly one of the finest. But age is one’s greatest enemy. There will come a time, no matter how hard a man will try, when skill and endurance will vanish and only courage will remain. REQUIEM FOR PHILIPPINE SPORTS If we are all aware of the critical state our sports is in. Then why hasn’t there been anything done about it? Is it because we live so snug and comfort able in self-satisfaction? Is it because the youth had developed a love for the soft life and had deserted the Philip pines? Or is it because our officials arc strictly all-talk and no-action bums? Whether the first, the second or the third, all seems to bo the right questions. We are so self-conscious and so self centered that we forget about our coun try. That’s what all seem to be doing. If there’s any “self” to be spoken about, it should be self-sacrifice. Without self sacrifice there will be no patriotism. And without patriotism, there’ll be no progress. It is love for country that makes Japan one of the greatest in the world of sports. And what of the youth? The Fili pino youth has preferred the life of mimicry than sports. There’s nothing wrong with imitating. It’s just that it has reached the point of excessiveness. Too much of anything is poison. If the teenagers are so good in mimicry why can’t they utilize it in the right direc tion. Why not imitate the American teen-agers ripping world-swimming, track and field records, etc. Though, of course, it will take more time, effort and discipline to break records than grooming mop-hairs or wearing turtle neck sweatshirts in hot weather. Think, not only of the personal glory but the honor that will be bestowed on the Phil ippines. But, of course, the young won’t have anything of this sort. Let’s not take them away from their Jam sessions, jerkings, “jala-jalaings” and drinking sprees. Let them be. They might even establish a record. World’s fastest jerker. A Filipino sets world mark by guzzling two kegs of beer with a tre mendous time of 19: 1. 3. Or a world’s record of imitating nine foreign pop singers in 6.8 seconds. Phew! That’s something. They aren’t softies or cuties after all. Who says they are? Triumph is fast becoming a rarity in our country. It is only a thing of the past. Progress is a mere fantasy and dream. A dream that will never come to life unless there’s no action. We don’t have to be pushed by anybody. We can push ourselves to action. It’s been done before and it can be done again. Gabriel “Flash” Elorde, the saviour of Philippine sports, has held sports on a slender thread. After Da Flash’s re tirement, who next? Aug.-Sept., 1966 THE CAROLINIAN Page Thirty-one Pangulong Tudling Ano Ang Dahilan? Kay ganda ng Pilipinas kung ito’y pagmamasdan mula sa himpapawid. Sagana sa luntiang tanim, pinaliligiran ng asul na tubig, at mayaman ang kalikasan. Tinuturing na isang paraiso at kinaiinggitan ng marami pagka’t sa kani-kanilang sariling bansa ay hikahos sa kasaganaan ng kalika san. Walang tubig na pumapaligid na tmvinang mapagkukunan ng pangkabuhayan. Walang saganang luntiang tanim na magbibigay-buhay sa kanila. Salat sa kagandahan at kayamanan ng kali san. Napakapalad ng Pilipinas pag ka’t ito’y sagana sa biyaya ng Diyos at matapating sinisilangan ng mainit na aratv. Walang dahi lan upang tayo’y maghikahos. Nguni’t kay saklap tanggapin ang tunay na kalagayan natin kung tatalasan lamang nila ang kanilang pangmasid, na tayo, na siyang itinuturing na isang paraiso at sa gana sa biyaya ng Diyos ay siya pang naghihikahos? Bakit kaya? Ano ang maaring dahilan? Dahil ba kaya sa ang mga Pilipino ay Ni VIRGINIA A. FLORDELIS mga mangmang? Kung tutuusin, parami nang parami ang mga nagaaral ngayon kung ihahambing sa mga nakaraang taon. Maraming nagpapatala sa iba’t ibang paaralan at kumukuha ng karerang inaakalang makakaya nila. Iilan lamang sa kanila ang may hilig sa paglinang ng ating likas na kayamanan. Hindi sa di natin binibigyan ng halaga ang ibang karera. Bawat propesyon ay mahalaga tulad ng pagsasaka o anumang hanapbuhay hinggil sa paglinang ng ating likas na kayamanan. Ang dapat sana’y bigyan ng kapamitagan ang bagay na makatutulong sa pagpapaunlad ng ating kabuhayan. Ang lupa ng ating bayan ay maaaring mapagtamnan ng anumang tanim na ating makakain. Nguni’t ilan lamang ang may lakas-loob na tiklupin ang manggas ng kanilang polo upang iyo’y bungkalin? Isang kalunus-lunos na paalaala na marami sa ati’y nag-aaral upang sila’y matawag na estudyante. Ma yaman man tayo o mahirap, bawat isa ay may pananagutan bilang anak ng Diyos at ng tao, bilang mabuting mamamayan at bilang isa sa mabubuting kasapi ng lipunan. Tayo’y hindi nag-aaral upang bigyan ng kasiyahan lamang ang ating sariling pangangailangan, kundi dapat isaloob natin na tayo’y nag-aaral pagkat siyang katungkulan natin. Katungkulan nating mag-aral upang paigihin ang ating katauhan; upang malaman natin kung bakit tayo nilikha at upang ating malinang ang talinong bigay sa atin ng Diyos; upang matulungan natin ang bayan sa paglutas ng iba’t ibang suliranin, upang umambag ng anumang makakaya sa lipunang kinabibilangan, at upang mabigyan ng kasiyahan ang ating nagmamahal na mga magulang. At hindi naman dapat kaligtaang banggitin ang mga taong mabubu ting mag-aral. Sila’y kapurihan ng ating lahi. Ang Pilipinas ngayo’y di katulad ng dati. Tayo’y paunlad. Nguni’t matulin ba ang pag-unlad natin? Ang tanong na ito’y mananatiling isang tanong sa loob ng maraming taon kung tatangihan natin ang paghahanap at pagsisikap na matuklasan ang paraan upang maakay natin ang bansang Pilipinas sa mabilis at tiyakang pag-unlad. (rfnq paqjiili nq BOKASYON ni MYRNA DE LA PAZ, BSE III Ang pagpili ng bokasyon ay isang bagay na nangangailangan ng masinsinang pag-iisip at mahusay na pagsusuri na dapat ibatay sa isang makatuwirang diwa. Kadalasa’y iba ang ginagawang batayan kung kaya marami ang nagiging di karapat-dapat sa mga tungkuling ginagampanan sa ating lipunan. Nakatutuwa bagama’t totoo, kung ating sasabihing ang nanganganinag na puting uniporme ng isang manggagamot, ang bigat na ibinibigay sa pagb.gkas ng salitang “abugado”, ang pagkainggit sa isang kaibigan, at iba pang kahawig na mga bagay sa mga halimbawang nabanggit, ay masasabing dahilan ng marami kung hindi man ng lahat, kung bakit sila ay nasa kasalukuyang kinuhang kurso o sa kinabibilangan nilang propesyon. Sa daigdig na ito, ang tao ay hindi nabubuhay para sa kanyang sarili kundi para sa iba. Dangan nga lamang at ang labis na pagpapahalaga sa sarili ang madalas na nakasisira sa isang mabuting layunin. Hindi mailatakwil ng tao ang katotohanang sa lahat ng pagkakataon siya’y nabubuhay na may kaugnayan sa iba. Sa bawa’t kilos, sa bawa’t salitang kanyang binibigkas, sa anumang kanyang nararamdaman, at sa lahat ng pasiyang kaniyang nabubuo at nararatnan, siya’y humahantong sa pag-ugnay ng kanyang sarili sa ibang tao. Kaya sa pagpili ng bokasyon, ang layuning unang dapat bigyan ng pagpapahalaga ay ang kabutihang maidudulot at hindi ang walang saysay na pagmamalaki. Ang tao ay may dunong na si yang pinakamahalagang biyayang bigay sa kanya ng Panginoong Diyos. Ang dunong na ito ay dapat gamitin sa tuwid at angkop na paraan upang makarating sa tumpak na layunin. Ang ating bokasyon ay inilaan sa atin ng Diyos. Itinalaga niya na ang tao’y pipili ng bokasyon ayon sa dunong na pinag-aari, at sa kan yang kakayahan. Ang bokasyong inilaan sa atin ay hindi lamang alang-alang sa ating sariling kabutihan at kaginhawaan, kundi upang tayo’y makapagdulot din ng k nabukasan sa iba. Sa pamamagitan ng pagsunod sa bokasyong angkop para sa atin, higit na kabutihan ang ating maidudulot sa sangkatauhan sapagka’t dito lamang natin magagamit ang lahat ng ating talino at dunong sa dapat at tumpak na pagkakagamitan ng mga ito. Bago natin gawin ang pagpili ng isang bokasyon ay dapat nating itanim sa puso na anumang mapili natin ay isang tungkuling dapat harapin. At kung mabuo na ang ating pasiya ay kailangang iligpit sa diwa na ang pagkakataong ito ay siya nang Simula ng ating paglilingkod sa kapwa; ngayon, bukas, at kailanman. Page Thirty-two THE CAROLINIAN Aug.-Sept., 1966 Maikling Kuwento AGH AH ATING-GABI NA. Wala na ang mga sasakyang palagiang dumaraan sa makipot na lansangang bahagi ng isang magulong siyudad. Tahimik ang ang buong paligid at tila baga hindi napapansin ng madia ang makapagpigilhiningang kagandahan ng kalikasan. Tulog na ang lahat, maliban sa isang nilikhang tahimik na nakahimlay sa kanyang hihigan. Ang liwanag na nagmula sa siwang ng kanyang durungawan ang siyang tanging nagbibigay tanglaw sa pusikit na karimlan ng kan yang silid. Walang kakurap-kurap ang kanyang mga matang nakatuon sa itaas na tila naghahanap ng malalagusan ang masalimuot niyang damdamin. Marahan siyang tumindig at tinungo ang durungawan. Dahan-dahan niya itong binuksan at buong kasiyahang minalas niya ang tanawing natambad sa kan yang paningin. Tila nakaramdam siya ng pagkainggit sa nakitang katiwasayan ng gabi. Napadako ang kanyang pani ngin sa nanunuksong anyo ng buwan na sa tingin niya’y tila kumakamay at nananawagan sa kanya upang muling pagbalikan ang alaala ng kanyang kahapon na pilit mang iwaksi niya sa isipan ay parang multong nagbabalik upang si ya’y paalahanan sa kahalagahan nito na naging bahagi’t hibla na ng kanyang buhay. Sa di-kawasa’y unti-unting nagkahugis sa kanyang balintataw ang kanyang lumipas na batbat ng luha at pakikipagsapalaran. II Namulat siya sa gitna ng isang daigdig ng karukhaan, at sa paniniwalang ang tadhana’y sadyang malupit sa kanya. Lumaki siyang salat sa kaginhawaan at karangyaan sa buhay. Lalong naragdagan ang kanilang tinitiis nang dumating sa kanilang buhay ang isa pang mapait na dagok ng kapalaran; ang kamatayan ng kanyang ama. Subali’t ang lahat na yaon ay lalo lamang nagpapatindi sa kanyang hangaring sila’y makaahon sa karalitaan. Natapos niya ang mataas na paaralang taglay ang suliranin kung paano niya maipagpapatuloy ang kanyang pag-aaral. May kung ilang gabi niyang pinaglamayan ang pagiisip ng paraang makalulutas sa suliraning bumabagabag sa kanya, hanggang sa maisipan niyang pumasok sa isang pa aralang nagbibigay sa mga mahihirap ng pagkakataong makakapag-aral. Natatandaan paniya ang sinabi niya nuon sa kanyang ina’t kapatid; “Lilisanin ko ang pook na ito at hahanapin ko ang aking kapalaran. Disin sana Inay, ay ipagdasal ninyo ang aking kaligtasan.” “Bakit anak ko, hindi ka pa ba nasisiyahan na kami’y kapiling mo baga ma’t naghihirap tayo?” — Tila dinig na dinig pa niya ang sagot na patanong ng kanyang ina. Isang mapait na ngiti ang sumilay sa kanyang labi nang sagutin niya ang kanyang ina; “Inay, Kuya, batid po ninyo na mahal ko kayong dalawa na siyang dahilan ng aking pasiya. Nais kong bigyan kayo ng kasaganaan sa buhay at iyan ay matutupad lamang sa pamamagitan ng pagkakamit ng dunong kahit na yao’y mangangahulugan na tayo’y magkakahiwalay. Dapat din ninyong alalahaning ako’y di lubusang mawawala sa inyo sapagkat ako’y magbabalik sa inyong piling sa sandaling matupad ko ang aking mga ninanais." Parang nakikita pa niya ang kasiya hang nakalarawan sa mukha ng kanyang ina at kapatid tanda ng lubos na pagkakaunawa sa kanyang layunin, matapos marinig ang kanyang mga sinabi. Nakita na lamang niya ang kanyang sarili na maligaya sa bagong daigdig na kanyang natagpuan, bagama’t mahirap at ang sikap ang siyang tangi niyang kaagapay. Natatandaan pa niya ang sabi ng kanyang ina sa isa sa mga liham nito sa kanya na lalong nagpapasigasig sa kanyang damdamin; “Anak, magpapakabait ka sana at huwag mong bigyan ng sama ng loob ang mga taong pinagkakautangan mo ng iyong kasalukuyang katayuan. Sikapin mong hindi ka maging pasanin sa kanila.” Subali’t parang tinitikis siya ng vadhana; siya’y natutong umibig. Gaano mang pagpipigil ang kanyang ginawa ay hindi niya nakuhang supilin ang udyok ng kanyang damdamin. Naisip niyang ang pag-ibig ay magiging hadlang sa kanyang mga hangarin kung kaya’t napagpasiyahan niyang lisanin ang kolehiyo; at sa gitna ng luha at sama ng loob ay naisusumpa niya sa harap ng nilikhang natutuhan niyang ibigin, na tuparin ang nasambit niya sa kanyang ina’t kapatid; — ang pagbabalik sa nakatakdang panahon upang mabigyan ng katuparan ang mga pangarap nila sa isa’t isa. Malinaw pa sa pandinig niya ang sabi nitong; "Ako’y maghihintay sa iyong pagbabalik at ikaw ay papatnubayan ng aking mga dalangin. Harinawa’y di ka makalimot sa ating sumpaan.” Lumisan siyang taglay ang pag-asa at tiwala sa Poong Maykapal na siya’y tutulungan Niya sa landas na kanyang tatahakin sapagkat talos niya na ang lahat ay kanyang pakana at nararapat sundin. Upang maipagpatuloy ang kanyang pagaaral ay naisipan niyang makipagsapalaran sa siyudad ng Maynila at nang makatagpo ng paraang makatutulong sa kanya. Hindi naman siya lubusang pinagkaitan ng kapalaran sapagkat muli na namang dumulog sa kanya ang isang mabuting pagkakataong maipagpatuloy ang kanyang naantalang pag-aaral. Nasiyahan siya sa kanyang gawain at ga ano na lamang ang kanyang pagpasalamat sa Panginoon. Naisip niyang wala na siyang mahihingi pa sa Kanya, mali ban lamang sa pangarap na makababalik sa piling ng kanyang ina, kapatid, at sa nilikhang naging bahagi na rin ng kanyang mga pangarap. Ill Mga patak ng luhang dumadaloy sa kanyang mga pisngi ang siyang pumukaw sa kanyang malalim na pagdidili— dili. Naramdaman niya ang paninikip ng kanyang dibdib at ang matinding kirot ng pangungulila. Muli siyang sumilip at nakita niya mula sa kanyang kinaroroonan ang unti-unting pagdilim ng paligid. Malapit nang lumubog ang buwan at na kita niyang ito’y pinapaligiran na ng mga ulap. Hindi magtatagal at ito’y maglalaho na sa kanyang paningin. Sumagi sa kanyang isipan ang larawan at mukha ng buhay; ngayon ay maliwanag, bukas ay madilim, — ngayon ay mangungulimlim ng kawalang pag-asa, bukas ay bubuhayin ng ligaya’t tagumpay. Paggugunita ng Isang Nangungulila Aug.-Sept., 1966 THE CAROLINIAN Page Thirty-three NAKATAYO siyang walang kibo habang nakapako ang kanyang mga mata sa pinilakang kabaong na unti-unting nawala sa kanyang paningin. Wala ni isa mang butil na luha sa kanyang inga mata nguni’t mababakas sa kanyang maputlang kaanyuan ang nag-uumapaw at walang kapantay na kalungkutan. Tuluyan nang nawala sa kanyang piling ag pinakamutya niya sa buhay — ang kanyang ina. Siya’y pinakamatalik kong kaibigan at parang kapatid ko na nguni’t sa aming matagal na pagsasama, minsan ma’y hindi ko siya nakitang lumuha kahit na sa masasaklap na mga pangyayari sa ni Lourhema kanyang buhay. Sa sandaling iyon, inaasahan ko ang kanyang pagluha dahil sa alam kong iyon ang pinakamasakit na sandali sa kanyang buhay. Nguni’t ako’y nabigo. Kaya ako’y biglang nag-aalinlangan at naitanong ko sa aking sarili: may mga tao nga kayang hindi lumuluha? Para sa akin, ang lumuha ay ang pinakamabuting lunas ng anu mang nakatimping damdamin—ng lungkot, ng poot, ng ligaya, o ng pag-ibig. Kung ako’y nalulungkot, nagiging saksi ko ang panyong basang-basa ng aking luha, at kung may nakakakita man sa aki’y hindi rin ako nahihiyang lumuha. Sa pamamagitan nito’y nababawasan ang pighating aking dinaranas. Ako’y lumuluha rin sa matinding poot. Para bang ang aking luha’y tubig na pumapatay sa naglalagablab na silakbo na nangingimbabaw sa aking katauhan. Payapang-payapa ang aking sarili pagkatapos ng aking pagluha. Sa kaligayahan nama’y luha rin ang nagbibigay ng lalong matamis at lalong makahulugang sandali sa aking buhay. At gayun din sa pag-ibig. Nadarama kong ang aking luha’y parang ulan na nagbibigay-buhay, nagpapalusog sa pinakamahalagang halaman ng puso — ang pag-ibig. Ako’y isang karaniwang tao lamang na naniniwalang ang tao ay isinilang upang umibig, lumigaya, lumuha... sapagka’t ito ang kabuuan ng tunay na kahulugan ng buhay. Ang sinumang nakakatikis na hindi lumuha sa mahabang panahon kahit na sa nakalulunos na pangyayari ay karapat-dapat bigyang-puri dahil sa ito’y nangangahulugan ng di-pangkaraniwang lakas ng loob. Nguni’t ako’y hindi naninlwala na minsan ma’y di siya luluha. May isang bahagi sa kan yang buhay na siya’y walang magagawa kundi kusang lumuha. At kung ang kaibigan kong ito’y hindi pa lumuha, nadarama kong darating ang sandali na ang bakal niyang puso’y matutunaw at balang araw ay dadaloy sa kanyang mga pisngi ang mainit na luha. Malalaman din niya ang kahulu gan at ang kahalagahan ng luha, ang pait at ang tamis nito. Page Thirty-four THE CAROLINIAN PAGLUBOG ng ARAW Papalubog na ang araic sa kanluran Dilim ay darating, buhay madirimlam Karimla’y palapit, sinag naitago Araw’y palubog, mundo’y mababago. Araw ay kandungan ng mga pangarap, Pananglaiv ng buhay, pampawi ng ulap, Sakaling mawala’y buha’y kay lungkot Gabi ay daratal, kakilaJkilabot. Kuliglig humuhuni pagsapit ng gabi, Iniw-a’y mundong ligaya’t pag-asa Araw ay paalis balita ay pahatid Wakas ay sasapit, sa iyo, sa madia. Namamaalam na, araw ng pag-asa Inihabili’y silahis ng sigla Ito na ang gabi, palapit.. .palapit, Lahat ng liwanag naglaho’t. . .nawala! NENITA RECTO ALITAPTAP Katangi-tangi ka munting alitaptap, Sa lahat ng uri ng mga kulisap Taglay mo’y ilaw na kukuti-kutitap, Tanglaw sa gabing nababalot ng ulap. Sa gabing kay-dilim nag-iisa kang tala, Liwanag mo’y parang bukang-litvayrvay Sa mga nilikhang kailangan ay patnubay Upang di maligaw sa daang sinusubaybay. Ah!.. . Ilan kaya nati’y kawangis ng alitaptap! May hawak na ilaw sa landas ng buhay At yaong taong narimlan ng kasamaan Sa ningas ng ilaw ay nababanaagan. Anila’y, “huli ma’t magaling ay naihahabol din,” Kaya ang alitaptap ay tularan natin Ulirang gawa’t ugali nati’y magsisilbing ilaw Magbabaga’t lalaganap sa sansinukuban. V. L. JAYME Ph. B. II Damo, Ulan at PAG-IBIG Damong luntian noo’y aking napansin, Dilaw at luoy na sa aking paningin; Di ba’t kahapon lang nang ako’y aliwin Ng iyong karikta’t kagandahang angkin! Puso ko’y kinurot sa aking namasdan, Damdami’y nayanig nitong nasaksihan; Di na maitakwil yaring kapaitan, Ako’y tulad nitong damong napagmasdan. Nasaan na ngayon, ulang nagdidilig, Iniwan ka ba’t sukat ayaw nang magbalik! Binigyan ka ng buhay, minahal at inibig. Natiis niya ngayon, ang ikaw’y humibik? Tila yaring puso’y ayaw nang kumibo, Katulad mo’y damong lupaypay na’t tuyo; Mula ng iniwan ng ulang kasuyo Pag-asa’y nawala’t sa buhay lumayo. Dinadalangin ko hikbi mo’y marinig, Ng ibong sa iyo’y tila nakikinig; Awitin mo ibon ang iyong narinig, Upang damo’t ula’y muling magkaniig. Tila umuulan, oo’t umuulan, Galak ko ngayo’y walang mapagsidlan; Natutuyong damo’y mahihimasmasan, Muling sisigla kapag madiligan. Kay gandang pagmasdan, ang luntiang paligid, Buhay at pag-asa’y siyang pahizvatig; Ang puso ko noong sa ivari ko’y manhid, Binuhay na uli ng iyong pag-ibig. MYRNA DE LA PAZ — BSE-III Aug.-Sept., 1966 THE CAROLINIAN Page Thirty-five USC's Hall (/Honor The Bursar's Office released its official list of high school honor graduates now en rolled in the different colleges of the Uni versity of San Carlos, The graduates, 1 1 8 of them, came from different portions of the archipelago — Eastern and Western Visayas, Luzon, Mindanao and Cebu. For a quick summary, there are 61 vale dictorians, 27 of whom are enrolled in the College of Liberal Arts, 8 in the College of Commerce, 13 in the College of Engineer ing, 1 1 in the Teacher's College and 2 in the College of Pharmacy. Of the 35 salutatorians, there are 18 en rolled in the College of Liberal Arts, 6 in the College of Commerce, 4 in the College of Engineering, 6 in the Teacher's College and 1 in the College of Pharmacy. Of the 22 who are graduated with honor able mention, 9 are in the Liberal Arts, 8 in Commerce, 2 in Engineering and 3 in Teacher's College. The University with its administration and faculty, takes this opportunity to welcome all these talented and promising youths ready to partake in the instruction of San Carlos with the best they can offer them. It is hoped that these young scholars will keep up their good work, and thereupon bring honor to their former schools and to their new alma mater, the University of San Carlos. FIRST SEMESTER 1966 VALEDICTORIANS — LIBERAL ARTS Abarquez, Teresita, Holy Cross Academy, Tubigon, Bohol Alegrado, Michael, Saint Catherine’s School, Carcar, Cebu Angus, Elmer, Holy Cross High School, Phillips, Bukidnon Banosia, Leonora, San Jose Acad., Dumingag, Zam. del Sur Bernados, Elena, Madridejos Prov. H.S., Madridejos, Cebu Bracero, Pacita, Franciscan College of the Immaculate Conception, Baybay, Leyte Canete, Maximo, Madridejos Prov. H.S., Madridejos, Cebu Cantoned, Vitaliana, St. Anthony High School, Anahawan, Southern Leyte Carumbana, Ester, Annunciation Academy, Dalaguete, Cebu Escasinas, Teresita, Girls High School, U.S.C., Cebu City Famador, Hosanna, San Isidoro High School, Malaybalay, Bukidnon Jabines, Rosita, Saint Vincent Institute, Maribojoc, Bohol Matildo, Pamela, Saint John the Baptist, Jimenez, Misamis Occidental Menquete, Edwin, Saint Anthony School, Singalong, Manila Orlido, Ester, San Francisco Javier High School, NARRA, Panacan, Palawan Paje, Bonifacio, Mahinog High, Hubango, Mahinog, Mis. Or. Panorel, Felisa, Little Flower School, Dumanjug, Cebu Parrilla, Nenita, Saint Peter’s Academy, Ormoc City Ranario, Esperanza, St. John the Baptist Academy, GarciaHernandez, Bohol Reyes, Leticia, San Nicolas College, Surigao, Surigao del N. Reynes, Brillo, Maryknoll High School of Cateel, Cateel, Davao Rodrigo, Olivar, St. Vincent H.S., Bonifacio, Mis. Occ. Rosales, Pamela, Cortes Academy, Cortes, Surigao del Sur Tan, Clarita, Sacred Heart School for Girls, Don Jose Avila St., Cebu City Tomada, Maria, Holy Cross H.S., Kolambugan, Lanao del Norte Virtucio, Pureza, Southwest Coast Academy, Badian, Cebu Vocal, Veronica, Carcar Academy, C&rcar, Cebu COLLEGE OF COMMERCE AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION — SECRETARIAL Amodia, Laurito, Maigo Trade School, Maigo, Lanao del Norte Aquino, Thelma, Moalboal Prov. H.S., Moalboal, Cebu Casiple, Teresita, Don Felix Montinola Memorial Institute, Victorias, Negros Occidental Lao, Ninfa, Columbia St. Michael’s Parish High, Mahinog, Camiguin, Subprovince Lora, Benedicto, St. Joseph Academy, Matalom, Leyte Mahinay, Tomas, Compostela Private H.S., Compostela Cebu Marandn, Francisco, Dalaguete Prov. H.S., Dalaguete, Cebu Mendoza, Allis, Cebu Christian School, Pelaez Extension, Cebu City COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE — Anayron, Harry, Misamis Oriental High School, Cagayan de Oro City Bacol, Phillip, Abellana National Sch., Jones Ave., Cebu City Burgos, Paquito, Cebu Roosevelt Memorial College, Bogo, Cebu Cagas, Nenita, Holy Child High School, Clarin, Mis. Occ. Catiwala-an, Anita, Holy Trinity Academy, Ginatilan, Cebu Martinez, Adelaida, Florida Institute, San Juan, Rizal Ferolin, Glynna, Colegio de San Jos4 Recoletos, Cebu City Page Thirty-six THE CAROLINIAN Aug.-Sept., 1966 JZist oft ^e.ai .Selwtazs Fuentes, Agnes, Calatrava Provincial High School, Calatrava, Negros Occidental Mata, Eduardo, Cebu School of Arts and Trade, Cebu City Mata, Epepetra, Cebu Academy, Carmen, Cebu Paradela, Jose, Seminario Menor de San Carlos, Mabolo, Cebu City Roa, Erlinda, Saint Peter’s College, Balingasag, Mis. Or. Vazquez, Magdaleno, Boys High, U.S.C., Cebu City TEACHERS COLLEGE — Alcoseba, Delia, Santa Ana Academy, Barili, Cebu Amora, Sebastiana, Ferrer High School, Labasan, Zamboanga del Norte Cahayag, Virginia, Santo Nino Academy, Malitbog, Southern Leyte Camocamo, Myrna, Sibonga Prov. H.S., Sibonga, Cebu Campos, Antonio, Holy Child Academy, Marihatag, Surigao del Sur Calaljo, Cynthia, Larena National Vocational School, Larena, Negros Oriental Estrella, Gloria, Saint Francis Academy, Balamban, Cebu Asentista, Onesima, Infant King Acad., Jimalalud, Neg. Or. Palalon, Carmen, Notre Dame of Gian, Gian, Cotabato Recaido, Concepcion, Stella Maris Sch., Banilad, Mabolo, Cebu Sumaylo, Norma, Saint Vincent Academy, Larena, Neg. Or. PHARMACY — Estopia, Rosafe, Sacred Heart High School, Molavc Zamboanga del Sur Sy, Estrella, Central Visayan Institute, Jagna, Bohol SALUTATORIANS — LIBERAL ARTS — Alpuerto, Evelyn, Abellana National School, Cebu City Babiera, Agnes, Ipil Mairan Academy, Ipil, Zamboanga del Sur Cabilao, Federico, Jr., Surigao National High School, Surigao, Surigao del Noi-te Cagigas, Manuel, St. Michael, Argao, Cebu Cebedo, Aurora, Xavier High School, Rizal, Zamboanga del N. Chua, Rogelio, Cebu Chinese H.S., Leon Kilat St., Cebu City Flores, Leonila, School for the Deaf and the Blind, 2620-B. Harrison, Pasay City Gerong, Andres, Macrohon Institute, Macrohon, Southern Leyte Guinocor, Simplicio, Camotes Visayan Institute, Poro, Cebu Paredes, Annie, Girls High School, U.S.C., Cebu City Patalinghug, Epistctus, Boys High School, U.S.C., Cebu City Rigodon, Genovera, Sibonga Provincial High, Sibonga, Cebu Talaroc, Edvilla, St. Anthony High Sch., Manticao, Mis. Or. Tapayan Barnadita, Holy Cross Academy, Tubigon, Bohol Tiu, Jose, L., Gabriel Jurado Foundation School, Catmon, Cebu Tripoli, Hinidina, Bato Academy, Bato, Leyte Trocio, Juanita, Consolatrix Academy, Toledo City, Cebu Yee, Vicente, Cebu Roosevelt Memorial Colleges, Bogo, Cebu COMMERCE, BSBA AND SECRETARIAL — Bascon, Imelda, St. Catherine School, Carcar, Cebu Cabalan, Teresita, Talisay Malayan Academy, Talisay, Cebu Candnico, Wilbur, Seminario Menor de San Carlos, Mabolo, Cebu City Clarete, Thelma, Divine Word College, Tagbilaran City Pepito, Isidoro, Jr., Abellana National School, Jones Ave., Cebu City Remediso, Rebecca, International Harvardian College Malvar Unit, Davao City ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT — Namoc, Antonio, Valencia High School, Valencia, Bohol Perez, Imelda, Mandaue Academy, Mandaue, Cebii Seno, Wevina, Saint James High School, Buenavista, Agusan Tocao, Rolito, Holy Trinity Academy, Ginatilan, Cebu TEACHERS COLLEGE — Dimagnaong, Nenita, Lazi High School, Lazi, Negros Oriental Fajardo, Lourdes, Annunciation Academy, Dalaguete, Cebu Hermosa, Renelyn, Cebu Institute of Technology, Cebu City Nuevas, Adelindes, Holy Rosary High School, Sagay Camiguin, Subprovince, Misamis Oriental Torre, Ismarlo de la, Talisay Malayan Academy, Talisay, Cebu Vasquez, Ferlinda, Cabalian National Vocational High School, San Juan, Southern Leyte PHARMACY — Estrada, Juanita, Sta. Ana Academy, Barili, Cebu HONORABLE MENTIONS — LIBERAL ARTS — Buscato, Rosalinda, Cebu South National H.S., Argao, Cebu Cabatingan, Carolina, Girls High Sell., U.S.C.. Cebu City Calzada, Teresa de la, San Jose Recoletos, Cebu City Campos, Maria, Girls High School, U.S.C., Cebu City Cortes, Nenita, Mandaue Gullas Academy, Mandaue, Cebu Gabagat, Alma, Pacifican Institute of Agusan, Nasipit, Agusan Odchigue, Ramonita, Holy Child High Sch., Clarin, Mis. Occ. Ordoha, Feliz, Girls High School, U.S.C., Cebu City Rodas, Rosalinda, St. Joseph College, Maasin, Southern Leyte COMMERCE, BSBA AND SECRETARIAL — Dumangas, Nolasco, Bohol Province Institute, Calape, Bohol Limtong, Harry, Boys High School, U.S.C., Cebu City Mata, Corazon, Colegio de San Jose, Cebu City Noval, Verieta Lou, U.S.P., Cebu City Ong, Leopoldo, St. Michaels’ School, Cantilan, Surigao del Sur Rosalajos, Armando, Boys High School, U.S.C., Cebu City Tabudlong, Eleodoro, Baybay High School, Baybay, Leyte Tancio, Erlinda, Girls High School, U.S.C., Cebu City ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT — Maata, Franklin, Holy Cross High School, Kolambugan, Lanao del Norte Manila, Jovencio, Cebu Institute of Technology, Cebu City TEACHERS COLLEGE — Galdo, Elsa, St. Thomas Aquinas Acad., Sogod, Southern Leyte Maloco, Elisa, St. Ursula’s School, Banawa Hills, Cebu City Silorio, Georgina, East Negros Institute, Tanjay, Neg. Or. Aug.-Sept., 1966 THE CAROLINIAN Page Thirty-seven DELTA TIME by Nilda Mildred M. Castro, B.S. Math IV Perhaps, I should start by explain ing the name by which this column will be called. The idea came to me when a lecturer of the NSDB SSI remarked that delta (A) means a “little bit of”, like a little increment in time would be called /\t. The column is therefore called delta time because I’m sure it would take only a teenie-weenie bit of your time to go through it. The schoolyear has just started and the students engage once again in a very palatable pastime — com plaining against teachers. Instructors don’t know how to explain the lessons, instructors can’t find adequate Eng lish words to explain what they really mean, instructors are not familiar with the subject matter they are trying to teach, instructors do not practise what they teach, instructors give difficult examinations, instruc tors give lots of homeworks, etc., etc., etc........ Students particularly remember the 3"’s and the 5’s the instructors give them. "I wouldn’t want to be in that teacher’s class again. And if students flunk, instructors lament: I was a no-good teacher! Poor instructor! On him falls all the blame. Somebody suggested that the univ ersity create a Department of Com plaints. A sane suggestion, indeed! Such a department is not a monopoly of department stores. That is one department everybody could make use of. (I’m sure Lily would use it ahead of everybody else because of the delinquency of the staffers, par ticularly of this columnist. My apolo gies!) The trouble is to whom will the personnel of this department com plain? One big problem is all of us want to complain but we find it rather distressing to lend an ear to others’ complaints. We are so big-headed we always believe we have the heaviest burden in the world. Shame! If Christ kept silent after what He went through, what right have we to com plain? But, after all, Christ was God and we are nothing but frail human beings. But if we must complain, should n’t we voice out these complaints to the ones concerned? I simply admire those who can be frank even if brutal, sometimes, but I just can’t stand those who complain against others behind their backs — especially when they act so sweet before them. For me, such is a hybrid of hypocrisy and backbiting. I’d rather believe we can accom plish more by training ourselves to like everybody, and for us students, especially every instructor that comes up in our classes. There simply is no other alternative. Imagine sitting in a class facing an instructor who we believed could never teach at all! What an ordeal! More so if he would be teaching a course we wish were never “discovered at all.” And examinations! If only we could go through college without ever having to take a single examination! What joy of joys! Examinations are, I believe, the students’ most common allergy... especially when proposi tions to be proved are too abstract to be imagined or believed in! I recently discovered a way which has made examinations for me a little less intolerable. I simply believe that as students we are supposed to study. As soon as we have tried our best to put into our heads as much as it pos sibly can hold, then we have done our part. Leave the rest to God. “Try ing our best”, however, includes listening to classroom lectures, mak ing homeworks unless, of course, (homeworks are so confusing it is im possible to make them), studying as signments, and even doing extra research work, if necessary. After that examinations wouldn’t be too much of a nuisance. Whether we get a 1 or a 3 or a 5 wouldn’t matter. Take it as the will of God — that is, I repeat, after we have done OUR part. We can honor and glorify Him Nilda Mildred M. Castro better with a well-deserved 3 than with an illegally obtained 1. I suppose that it is proper that I talk about libraries now. Pity those books in the shelves! Imagine those pages of knowledge allowed to go to waste day after day! At the rate things are going, the dust which whxh have accumulated on those books are by now a lot more learned than many of us! And it’s all our fault! If we spend a quarter-hour a day on a few pages of those real “foody” books, we would know much more than we do now. But how many make use of the library? In fact, it seems to me more students patronize the canteen than the library. Please prove me wrong! I gathered something from one of the lectures I recently heard. Why is the ocean the greatest body of water? Because it is the lowest of them all. Meaning: Humility breeds greatness. What is humility? I find genuine values hard to come by these days — I don’t know why. But I recently came across a treasure — a new viewpoint towards a very old idea — the only completely un selfish viewpoint I have so far en countered. Our primary aim is not the sal vation of our soul but the glorifica tion of God. If all would realize this, the chapel would overflow with students during the 10:50 and 4:45 masses. By the way, Gilopez Kabayko will soon give a violin concert. Let’s see how well the tickets sell. Then we will know for sure whether those people who appeared to be enjoying the performance of the US Air Force band last year really enjoyed the music — not the suspension of classes. This is a challenge to those concerned! Page Thirty-eight THE CAROLINIAN Aug.-Sept., 1966 Pensees 2 un tiage (musings of a cloud) 1. "from cape to cape, with a bridge-like shape, over a torrent sea, sunbeam-proof, I hang like a roof—" and as to foolish whim and flighty caprice, I might rest my wings of craggy hill or mountain-top; I laugh as I send God's winged messengers scampering, seeking refuge in some unclouded realm where I do not reign. 2. I love the gentle world of children, and musings I am always a part of, as I recall in them tales of sheep, and bears, and of rabbits' ears, whipped cream and cotton candy; how I smile at the glint in their eyes and the sweet delight— I please them, do I not? so, willingly I oblige as they clamor for some prehistoric beast of horrendous shape; then amidst protests of merciless grown-ups who never understand, I find myself staring at empty window sills and closed shutters; I then soar high up, suspended in the vast dome of now velvety blue, lording it all, and hating all those who are children no more. 3. tomorrow gives us new hope for there is a looking forward, it is not yesterday but tomorrow which I seek; reminiscing ages us, and I dare not look back. iirah d. gorre In This Issue: A Call for Unity Inside Cover Editorial — The Approach.....................Lily C. Uy 3 Pensees ................................... by C. T. Fernandez 4 USC News .................................................................... 4 The Sad Thing about our Library Books by Frank Cabanatan 11 The Chief Librarian Answers by Joseph Baumgartner, SVD 12 A Holiday in June.................by Porfirio S. Dacian 13 The USC Choristers.......... by Porfirio S. Dacian 14 A Description........................... by Carlos Emperio 15 “A Patch of Blue” ................... by Melinda Bacol 16 AFS—The Way to World Understanding by Thelma Quejada 17 A Day with Anne............................. by Joy Seville 18 Fog................................................... by Margie Ong 18 New Writing up from the Mud by Henry L. Ormoc 19 The Mindoro of N.V.M. Gonzalez by John McSherry, SVD 20 Of Photons and Phototubes . . by Brigida Koppin 24 A Modest Proposal.......... Ludwig Lehmeier, SVD 26 ROTC ............................................................................ 29 SPORTS...........................by Manuel Ramos Ochoa 31 PILIPINO Ano ang Dahilan? ... ni Virginia A. Flordelis 32 Ang Pagpili ng Bokasyon ni Myrna de la Paz 32 Paggugunita ng isang Nangungulila ni L. B. Unabia 33 Siya’y Luluha Rin ....................... ni Lourhema 34 Mga Tula ................................................................ 35 USC’s Hall of Honor ........................................... 36-37 Delta Time.................. by Nilda Mildred M. Castro 33 “pensees d’un nuage” .................. Inside Back Cover