The Cross Vol. VII, No.10 (October 1952)

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Title: The Cross Vol. VII, No.10 (October 1952)
Issue Date: Vol. VII, No.10 (October 1952)
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extracted text: IN THE STILLNESS, A GARLAND OF AVES SPECIAL FEATURESOpen Forum . . . . Woman's Column October 1952—400 " fa NATIONAL CATHOLIC MONTHLY Cross FOR GENEROUS SOULS I have read the letter you received from an aspirant to the religious life in the September issue of "The Cross". I have high hopes that such an appeal wou'd meet with fcvarab'e responses frcm generous readers of cur Catholic month'y magazine. Doubtless, in our country today there are a lot of young girls who are called to God's service, but, are finding it difficu't to answer His call due to financial prcb'ems. For, certain'y, it tckes money even to prepare oneself for the religious vocation. I am another aspirant to the same vocation, who, like the other girl who wrote to you, faces a ve.v similar problem. It is very encouraging to note, though, that by trying to sound an anpeol to the generosity of readers of "The Cross", you have expressed your willingness to help not only the young girl who sought help frcm you, but, also others who earnest ly desire to serve God in the religious life. For a long time now, I have always thought of joining a religious community. But, since I have been supporting the family, I hoVe hod to put off my plans until such a time when someone else in the family cou'd take over my responsibilities. However, I have just recently learned that I have come to an age thot I wou'd have to be edmitted into the order I plan to join only on a special privilege. In accordance, therefore, witn the wishes of the Mother Superior, I have decided to enter the convent next summer. But, my sister whem I fomily responsibilities will only be a have been preparing to take over my senior in college next year so that if I shou'd leave heme sometime in April, I must save something for her use next year. This, I will do by saving part of my salary until then. But, this leaves me wondering where I shall get the funds needed for my outfit, at least. I have tried to work out ways by which I could raise seme extra funds, but, have not yet been successful so far. Could you, OCTOBER, 1952 therefore, remember me when some generous souls would respond to your appeal for generosity published in "The Cross"? I shall be very grateful for whatever help you might be able to give In the- meantime, I shall try to be patient and persevere in prayers put ting all my problems in the hands of God and His blessed Mother. God will surely bless your noble work! Sincerely yours, (Miss) A.B.C. Donations may be had through this publication—Ed. Through your column, please allow me to say, "Orchids to R. B. in h— "To Doha Rosario" and to thank h— in behalf of our family for remembering our dearest one on her first death anniversary (May she rest in peace). Tiz Araneta More and More Roses As on ordent reader of the "Cross" magazine, I hod just renewed my yearly subscription, because I found out that so far the best and most up-to-date Catholic journal edited in the Philippines is your magazine.- So, more and more roses for the whole editorial staff. Julie Ann Desire OUR COVER When we pray the Rosary, we are being like children, poets, cavaliers and knights—all at one time —paying the simplest, the most beautiful, the tenderest, and the most gallant address and homage to our Mother, and Queen. This is the month of the Rosary. Let us pray the Rosary every day. (Joint Photography by Faustino Munarris and Jose T. Wright) THE Cross NATIONAL CATHOLIC M A C A Z I N I Recta* Bldg-, EaeoRa, Manila, Philippines October, 1952 Vol. VII No. 10 TABLE OF CONTENTS EDITORIALS: Is Thailand Better Than the P. I.? . . 3 Get a Goat ........................................... 3 Who Persecutes Whom? ..................... 4 Protestants, Please Change Your Name 5 T'ne Reds are Faking Again ........... 5 Do the Soviets Live Long? ................ 6 Who Pays the Bill for U. P.? ......... 6 Many Fine Catholics at U. P.............. 7 ARTICLES: Decency in Books Rev. John F. Noll, D.D.................. 9 Like Father, Like Son ....................... 14 A Growing Republic . . C. P. Romulo 23 The Rosary and You Alfredo G. Parpan, S.J................... 27 Wealth in the Tropics . . C. M. Wilson 35 A College in India . . Chester Bowles 47 Would I Make a Good Communist? Rev. Arthur Weiss, S.J.................... 49 Having an Inferiority Complex? L. M. Merrill .................................... 53 The Bible—A Catholic Book Thomas E. Kissling ......................... 55 Wonted: Idea Men . . Antonio Joaquin 60 STORIES: How He Loves Horses! Dorothy M. Leyba ............................ 17 A Letter to Mother . . Agnes Holden 51 POEMS: "Mi Mario" ................ F. Guodalupe 8 Comforter .............. A. V. Romualdez 26 A Sinner's Lament . . E. Ma. Reyes, S.J. 34 I Saw Christ . . F. Cardinal Spellman 59 COLUMNS: St. Paul Was No Quitter Rev. Francis P. LeBuffe, S.J. ... 16 Open Forum ........................................... 20 Heart to Heart ......... Lily Marlene 30 The Chaperone ................ Aunt Luisa 37 Mario Clara of 1952 . . Pete ond Pat 40 Movie Guide ........................................... 63 editor & publisher J«M Galan Blanca ★ THE CROSS Is S. CalbolK publication Issued monthly by THE CROSS MAGAZINE w>u the permission of the eecleeiu tical authorities. Contribution, to the Cross are weloome, pro vided they are In line with th, policy and standards adopteo by this magasine. All submnuo manuscripts mut be typewTittoi in duplicate and aooompaniee by return postage) otherwise ne return will be made in ease el rejection. Subscription rates Om year — local: P4.00; for. sign: SS.tO. Printed by R. P GARCIA Publishing Company M9 Capitan, Manila. Registered aa second class mall matter bi the Manila Post Offloe or March t. 1»44. OCTOBER, 1952 IS THAILAND BETTER THAN THE P.I.? From o release of the Philippine Department of Agriculture dated September 8, 1952, we read that in recent years our orientol neighbor, Thailand, has greatly increased its rice yield. Whereas in 1938 it produced only 4.4 million tons, its annual production is now 6.6 million tons. On the other hand, in the Philippines our rice industry is still in the doldrums. Despite our increased population, our rice production is about as poor, if not poorer than before the war. We are still forced to import a tremendous quantity of this basic food in order to keep our nation from starving. If Thailand can achieve such progress in a vitally essentiol industry, why can't wet Is it because os a nation we have a mania for white-color jobs? GET A GOAT! After a careful study and consideration, Bungo, on islet of about 5 hectares near Talim Island in Laguna Lake, was selected for the purpose. It was revealed further thot the negotiations for *he leose of the land, structed by the province of Rizal while assistance will be furnished and governor will take the necessary Sheds and quarters will be conthe stock and necessary technical extended by the bureau of animal industry. It looks os if soon Rizal will he o goaty place and its economy thot much informed. THE CRbSS it? WHO PERSECUTES WHOM the "Free Press," There has been much agitation in the last couple of months about the so called persecution in the Visayon Islands of the members of a sect called Jehovoh's Witnesses. Considerable sympothy was aroused by news paper stories that this Protestant group had been refused freedom of speech in certain towns in Iloilo province. Finally, after much exaggeration of this so called persecution, the "Philippines Free Press" of September 13th published a long letter from a priest entitled "How Far May A Nuisance Go?" Although none of the other papers, to our knowledge, published this defence, here at last, in one widely circulated journal, the Catholic side of the question received some favorable publicity. As the good Father, Rev. Manuel Dormido, said ir (in part) "The Witnesses asked a permit from the mayor to use the town plaza for seven successive Sundays. They were given the permit. You should have heard them lambosting the Catholic Church, the Pope, the Roman Catholic clergy, the government, the present administration and the United Nations. The Catholics were patient. They let what the Witnesses said enter one ear and go out of the other. Then the Protestants and the Iglesia Ni Cristo asked for permission to use the plaza to answer the Witnesses. Again, the Catholics merely listened. After ‘the fifth meeting of the Witnesses, something had to be held at the plaza—a donee or a gome, I am not sure which now—and the mayor asked the Witnesses if the rest of the town could hove the plaza just for that one Sunday. The Witnesses became furious. They said they were being persecuted. They installed a loudspeaker in a ’house right in front of my church and forced the children 1n my Sunday cotechism class, not to mention poor me, to listen to their harangue against the Catholic Church." Father Dormido continued to explain how in many parts of the Philip pines and in other countries also, the Catholics have been violently attacked, provoked and calumniated on countless occasions, and pointed out that for some Catholics to retaliate on some few occasions must only be expected, human nature being what it is. It is indeed surprising that anti-Cotholic attacks should be so frequent OCTOBER, 1952 in this country which is predominontly Catholic. Sometimes, they are violent. Often they are vicious and anonymous. Of this latter type, we heard of an example recently from our friends in the Knights of Columbus. In many different parts of the Philippines, letters were received in Knights of Columbus homes, accusing the Knights of using a vile, bigoted and unpatriotic ooth in their rituals. Of t'ne many letters which came to our attention, every single one was anonymous. The so-called oath was completely false. It has not only never been used by the Knights of Columbus, but on countless occasions in the past, its falsehood had been completely proven in court. Nevertheless, here in the Philippines vile enemies insist upon propagat ing its falsehood. As one Knight of Columbus commented, "I only wish for libel and moke 'ots of money When it comes to persecution of religion in this Catholic country, we think the facts will prove that the Catholics are the most violently and frequently persecuted. PROTESTANTS, PLEASE CHANGE YOUR NAME We have many good friends who are Protestants, but we feel a bit sad for them because they are handicapped by such a name—Protestant. Why don't they change this name? If we examine the word “Protestant," obviously it means a protester or one who protests. A name after all should signify the basic idea or principle of an organization, more than that, the essential And so the name Protestant suggests nothing principle of the Protestants is to protest. Especially because this is the name of a religious group, we are sad. The essence of religion is to draw us close to God. That is something positive, constructive, the noblest and most beautiful purpose in the world. But the name Protesont just signifies something negative, critical, and even smacks of something destructive. Of course, we have other and far more basic differences with Protestants about their doctrines,—or rather lack of doctrine,—about their origin, etc., etc. But for the present, dear Protestant friends, we're only talking about your name. Please change it! THE REDS ARE FAKING AGAIN Faked newsreels of the fighting in Korea are being produced by the North Koreans, it has been leorned here. THE CROSS This was revealed when a commentator on the Prague Radio, telling his audience about films shown recently at a film festival in Carlsbad, explained the lack of sound in one newsreel by saying the film studio was bombed while the film was being produced. He added that several "professional actors" were killed in the bombardLoter an attempt was mode to remedy the slip. The station devoted another broadcast to the newsreel and praised the "unparalleled courage" of the cameraman in carrying out his assignment of filming "front-line" This time there was no mention of the "studio bombing". (USIS) DO THE SOVIETS LIVE LONG/ Radio Moscow states that people live longer in the USSR than in any other country, and cites a Georgian peasant said to be 155 as the "world's oldest man." Also, the broadcast claims there are 300,000 centenarians in the Soviet Union. Whether these centenarians live in caves beyond the reach of the MVD we do not know. But longevity in the vicinity of the Kremlin is something else agoin. We recall that in 1936, Kamenev, Trotsky's brother-in-law, and Zinoviev, another key figure, both died at the age of 53. They were murdered in a Stalin purge. In 1937, Nikolci Bukho-in passed away at 50; ex-Premier Alexi Rykov died at 57; Yagoda, head of the OGPU, at 47 — all liquidated by Stalin. Ordzhonikidze, another key Soviet figure, died under mysterious circum stances at 51. Vassily Bluecher disappeared in 1938, at the age of 49, and has not been heard of since. And it was in 1948 that Zdhanov, who was politically ambitious, passed away, with honors, but not without mystery, at the age of 52. This list could run on and on. Apparently longevity in the USSR increases in direct proportion to (a) the distance from the Kremlin; (b) the obscurity of the individual; and (c) the degree of his subservience to any Soviet agent he encounters. (Courtesv USIS — Philadelphia Inquirer). WHO PAYS THE BILL FOR U.P.? In the June issue of the "Cross," we complained thot our government was overgenerous to the University of the Philippine* for the following reasons: OCTOBER, 1952 U.P. in The government gives an annual subsidy of P3 or P4 million to addition to complete cost of all new buildings and capital improve2. The same government gives not one single centavo of assistance to other colleges and universities, but instead forces them to pay taxes. 3. U.P., enjoying this tremendous financial advantages, is in active competition with these same private colleges and universities, conducting similar courses of studies and charging equivalent tuition rates. In the "Manila Times" of September 11th, a letter from Ursula Uichangco Clemente, dean of women of the University of the Philippines, further emphosixes this point. In a long letter in which Dean Clemente praises and eulogixes her university, the following quotation is typical. She soys, "The private institutions. . . . are sadly lagging behind the state university not only in the government examinations but principally in standards of instructions". We, for one, have never denied thot the standards of instruction at U.P. are superior to at least some of our private colleges and universities. But is there any reason for surprise in this? U.P. receives a operating subsidy from our financially overburdened government. tremendous It does not have to save from its income for capital improvements for which additional appropriations are made by the government. If under such overwhelmingly favorable circumstances, it does not hove a it should be closed, and quickly. good standard of instruction. Our point rather is that it is operating in unfair competition with other colleges and universities when it devotes nearly all of its energy to porallel courses which the other institutions are also giving. We maintoin that rather, it should devote itself to research and to subjects or courses which our non-subsidixed institutions cannot offord to give. When a rich debutante says to the daughter of a poor, "My dress is nicer than yours", we don't like it. Nor do we like rich U.P., enjoying a tremendous government subsidy, criticizing poor neighboring schools which receive not a single centavo from the government and in addition are obliged to pay taxes to support U.P. and all the other government agencies. Dean Clemente's boast is rather out of place. MANY FINE CATHOLICS AT U.P. On the other hand, we^iave received a letter from a student at U.P., part of which is published in our Cross-pondence column. This young lady qaite gently chides us for criticising the government THE CROSS University, reminding us that many of the Professors and students excel in conscientious practice of their religion. To this good young lady, we can only answer that we are sincerely delighted at the wonderful fervor and goodness of many members of the community of U.P. Nor is it the first time thot we have heard about it. In fact, we have repeatedly mentioned in our humble columns that we have high admiration for many members of the staff and student body individually at the government university. May they continue and progress in their splendid ideals and practice of true Christian virtue. Our only objection is the U.P. system and objectives which, we sincerely think, should be radically changed. “MI MARIA” Fred Guadalupe My love for Mary is the love Of a warrior for his lady: Passionate, tender and worshipping, Daring to dream and do Great things for her As he looks up to her eyes. My love for Mary is the love Of a sick child in the dark Alone whose solace and bliss It is to hear its mother's step And feel the touch of her hand Cool on its fevered brow! I had taken my small niece to the grocery store with me to do the family shopping. Suddenly, I thought of something that made it necessary for me to return home at once. I took Beth by the hand ond started hurriedly down the street. She was short and chubby and her plump little legs could hardly keep pace with mine. All at once I became aware thot her chattering had ceased and she was almost breathless. "Why, Beth, om I walking too fast?" I inquired. "No," she panted, "But I om!" OCTOBER, 1952 Lewdness courted in the shape of virtue Decency In Books and Moving Pictures Most Rev. John F. Noll, D. D. From The Messenger of the Socred Heart If the defiont attitude of tender youths towards the moral law has clearly manifested itself during the past two years in the steady growth of juvenile delinquency, it is wrong to assume that the war is altogether responsible for it. Lack of parentol supervision and the disruption of home life have given to the alreadyformed propensities of youths oppor tunities to assert themselves; but the mentality behind their conduct was not generated of a sudden. Accord ing to statistics on crime, released quarterly by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, most of the graver of fenses have been progressively de scending from a higher to a lower age group. A few years ago young men and women of twenty-two were guilty of the more heinous crimes; than those of twenty-one, twenty, nineteen. Today the seventeen and eighteen-year-olds, or those who are either still in high school or have just graduated, are the worst crim inals. But the chief purpose of this in struction is not to analyze statistics on juvenile delinquency, but rather to determine the two principal causes, which was specifically mentioned in the General Intention of the Apostle ship of Prayer for the month of July. You are requested by the Holy Father to pray thot "immorality in books ond motion pictures be strenuously opposed." The intention was, how ever, presented for your prayers in a positive way as "Decency in Books and Moving Pictures. National organizations hove been founded in the United States in re cent years to accomplish the very result the Pope has in mind. The Legion of Decency was organized by the Catholic Hierarchy ten yeors ago to combat indecency in motion pic tures; ond the National Organiza tion for Decent Literature, six years ago, to wage war on indecency in magazines and books. From one doy to another, the drift of Americans from moral standards is so imperceptible os hardly to be noticed. But when we compore the 10 THE CROSS mentality of one decade with another, or of the present generation with the last, the change is so astoundingly radical as to be olmost unbelievable. Thirty years ago, for instance, peo ple looked with loathing on the re married divorcee; he or she was often socially ostracized. Today divorce is so commonplace that it is taken as much for granted as morriage, in many large cities applications for the dissolution of the marriage bond ore nearly as numerous as applica tions for marriage licenses. Thirty years ago a motion picture in which a divorcee played a lead ing role would probably not have been patronized, while today no denuncia tion is registered against the actress under thirty years of age who has had three or four husbands. Thirty years ago motion pictures were clean enough for the entire fomily. Today, even though the Le gion of Decency has brought about a great reform, pictures must be classified so that parents may know which ones their children may not attend—ond which ones ore unfit even for themselves. The leading scenario writers ore those who be came popular by writing novels whose principal appeal was to the salaciousminded. Thirty years ago no one knew any thing about "maternal health clinics," or "planned parenthood," or artificial devices to prevent conception. Fe deral and State laws absolutely for bade even the dissemination of in formation on the subject of birth control. Most of these lows ore still on the books; but they are not in force, because it is believed thot the majority of the people look favorably on any kind of means of restricting birth. Thirty years ago there was very little lewd literature circulated, ond none of it was exposed publicly to view on newsstands. Today two hun dred thousand racks literally teem with magazines which violate every standard of decency, many of which are carted from the publisher to agencies throughout the country by freight and by truck, because they offend ogoinst even our lax -postal laws. In every State of our nation, save one, there exist rigid laws against the publication, distribution, and the sale of such literature, but few of ficers of the law would dream of enforcing them except under pressure from a strong' local organization. Moral filth is circulated even among children through pamphlets and leaflets, distributed surreptitious ly, but gratis, and, therefore, evident ly designed to demoralize ■the little ones. The new comic-strip magozines, which hove o sole of fifteen million monthly, are published, in large part, by the same men who own pornographic periodicals, and they are believed by mony to be a "build-up" for- the patronage of the latter offer a few years. The pagans of St. Paul's time ond earlier were less tolerant of evil lit erature thon are Americans todoy. After hearing St. Poul preach at Ephesus, the new converts brought together all evil books they could OCTOBER, 1952 11 ossemble ond burned them publicly (Actsxixl. The writings of Epicurus were burned by the "pogon" Greeks because he taught thot there wos no harm in gratifying one's natural ap petites. Thirty yeors ago E. W. Mumford, of the Penn Publishing Compony, New York, addressed a convention of booksellers ond publishers at the Hotel Astor on the subject, "Juvenile Readers as on Asset." He con demned most of the comparatively innocent juvenile fiction of that doy os "worthless ond dangerous"—dongerous to the intellects of youths be cause "it did not teach young readers to think straight"; ond dangerous to their morals, because it tended to excite passion. Mumford hod very little to say about magazines, be cause there were none of the sala cious kind. In his address, Mr. Mumford mode an observation which clearly indicates to us how vastly superior were the standards followed by publishers thirty years ago: The problem of the bookseller is the problem of the Church— how to hold on to the young peo ple. The only woy to moke book buyers is to build up book buy ers, ond to do thot you must cotch them very young. If you con sell the children wholesome, worthwhile books of some literory merit, you will help to de velop a taste which eventually makes book buyers. Selling o poor grade of stories, however, mokes not book buvers, but book devourers, ond on them the cir culating libraries thrive. W. D. Howels, writing in Harper's Magazine a holf century ago, when magazines were all clean and novels chaste os compared with today's out put, said: If o novel flatters the passions ond exolts them obove the prin ciples, it is poisonous; it moy not kill, but will certainly injure; ond this test alone will exclude an en tire cost of fiction, of which emi nent examples will occur to oil. Then the whole spawn of so-called unmoral romances . . . ore deadly poison; these do kill. In June, 1897, the editor-of Cos mopolitan selected Professor Horry Thurston Peck, editor of The Book man, to discuss the question: "How far moy the technical or artistic merit of a book be urged in fovor of its publication or translation, when the subject and treatment ore ot variance with the generally accepted standards of morality and decorum?" No ecclesiastic could hove given a more orthodox Christian answer. Professor Peck's conclusions might be summarized as follows: 11 I Mature ond serious stu dents of comparative literature ought not to be kept in ignorance of literary masterpieces becouse of inability to read the language in which they were written. (2) On the other hand, books which deal in morbid psychology, sexual problems, and artful oppeals to sensuality, ought not to be accessible to those who would 12 THE CROSS (3) If it be o question of sac rificing either art or morals, then ort should unhesitatingly be tram pled under foot in the interest of thot sanity and purity of thought which have always been among the greatest glories ond safeguards of our race. In the some year (1897) when there was little of the lewd in books and magazines, a wealthy gentleman of Chicago contributed two million dollars to a library, under the follow ing restrictions: I desire the books ond periodi cals to be selected with a view to create .ond sustain a healthy moral ond Christian sentiment in the community, ond that all nastiness and immorality be excluded. . . . I want its atmosphere that of Christian refinement, ond its aim ond object the building up of character. Now, how ore the obove-mentioned symptoms related to the wrong kind of books and motion pictures? They are related as effect to cause. First, most "best sellers," like magazines, are not published to be of help to the reader intellectually or culturally, and most certoinly not morally. The first purpose of the writer is to make them "best sellers" by on appeal to the emotions ond passions. The publishers frequently pay out large sums of money to ad vertise them even before they are off the press. The purchase of large advertising space in the book-reviews supplement of metropolitan papers almost invariably elicits favorable comment and praise from the review ers, which, in tum, boost the sale of the books. Through department stores in al most every city, and other channels,, clubs solicit memberships for the pur chase of a book a month; ond about every third or fourth book they rec ommend is very offensive to morals. Drug stores in every city are branches for circulating libraries, and parents usually take for granted that all the books are suitable for their children's patronage. As a matter of fact, a great many of them are poison to the mind and heart. From New York, Chicago, ond other lorge cities, books dealing with sex, courtship, marriage—most of thepi positively filthy—ore offered for sale at bargain prices. These publishers, in the aggregate, probably hove the name and address of every family in the nation, and, ot frequent inter vals, circular letters are sent out of fering a five-dollor book for ninety eight cents, or a seven-anfi-o-holfdollar books for a dollar and ninety eight cents. The reduced price is the bait which usually attracts innocent people looking for bargains. Never was there a time when it wos so important that Catholic pa rents be urged to permit none but good books in their homes. In every parish the Legion of Decency Pledge should be combined with the Decent Literature Pledge, ond youths partic ularly should be persuaded to take that Pledge. They should even be urged to engage in an apostolate OCTOBER, 1952 13 agoinst "smut" in all its forms. Secondly, the ubiquitous motion picture, patronized, on the average, once o week by every child in the United States, has a very detrimental effect on the conscience even of those children who have had moral instruc tion ond guidance in the parochial schools. Classroom instruction on modesty, purity, chastity, is counter acted by the movies, where the child sees his hero or heroine guilty of all the things which, in school, were taught to be sinful—the kissing, pet ting, and hugging in love scenes, the scanty attire of the performers, ond so forth. Witnessing such scenes, week offer week, over a period of years, an unhealthy state of conscience is quite naturally developed. The youth who has gathered the impression from the movies thot almost anything moy be tolerated during courtship, wonders whether his Church is not a little too severe. He or she finds it dif ficult to make himself or herself be lieve that what the generality of people do without remorse con be grievously sinful. Children who go to the movies frequently should be told by their pastors ond parents that those who, on the screen, are seemingly in deep love, ore not lovers ot all, but only octors, ond that they ore well paid for executing their respective roles; that the pictures which ottroct the best people are those roted "A" by the Legion of Decency; that if a large number of people wrote to the leading "stors" in any motion pic ture ond expressed disapproval of their manner of octing or of their language, we would soon hove better movies. Because Catholics are an urban people ond, therefore, live where the large movie houses are located, where the big newspapers ore pub lished, where magazines and book rocks abound, it would be within their power to cut the movie-house box-office receipts in half by refus' ing to patronize any but good pro ductions, and they could Induce edi tors and sellers of books and maga zines to toke a definite stand on the side of morality ond decency. So long os Catholics loy aside their loftier standards and follow the crowd, we cannot- expect to hove decency either in books or motion pictures. If, on the other hand, they lent them selves to leadership in the opposite direction, it would not be long until both books and movies would be made once more conformable to Chris tian standards. One eavesdropper ot Erasmus Hall High School in Brooklyn heard one slick chick soy to another: "Of course, he can't donee, but the least he could do is hold me while I dance." 14 THE CROSS Like Father, Like Son What Capitalism and Communism Have In Common CAPITALISM (The parent) i. e. Liberal Economics I . Is Un- Christian. 2. Derived from 19th Century Ger man Philosophy, French Socio logy, English Economics. 3. Divorces "business" from moral ity. 4 . Pragmatism—Profit is the meas ure of all worth. 5. Rugged Individualism ot the cost of human dignity. 6. Morality is relative, not absolute. 7. The mojority (i.e. Big Business' determines right ond wrong. 8. Religion must not "interfere" in 9. Individual atheism. 10. Man is determined—biologically. I I . Believes in individual selfishness. 1 2 . Heaven on earth by evolutionary "progress". I 3 . Profit—the primary purpose of 14. Man is a machine 15. Despises "the poor in spirit". 16. Concentration of wealth by mo nopoly. I 7. People depend on the lorgess of the capitalists. COMMUNISM (The child' i. e.Marxism 1 . Is Anti-Christian 2. Derived from 19th Century Ger man Philosophy, French Socio logy, English Economics. 3. Divorces economics from moral ity. 4. Pragmatism-—-Material progress is the measure of all worth. 5. Collective Security ot the cost of human dignity. 6. Truth is relative, not absolute. 7. The Collectivity (i.e. the Party' determines right and wrong. 8. Religion hos no sociol'use. 9. Collective atheism. 10. Mon is determined—economic ally. I 1 . Believes in collective selfishness. I 2. Heaven on earth by revolutionary inevitability. 1 3 . Economics—the primory purpose of mon. I 4. Man is a machine. 15. Despises "the poor in spirit". 16. Concentration of wealth by bu reaucracy. I 7. People depend on the largess of bureoucrots. OCTOBER, 1952 18. 19. 20. 21 . 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 30. 31 . 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41 . 42. 43 44. Personal "right" to exclude social Absolute ownership by indiviSeeks to absorb the State by vested interests. The End—a profitable business —justifies the means. Progressive control of radio and press. Religion is for women ond child ren. Imperialism through Colonial Ex ponsion. Power Politics. Wealth for the soke of Power. Economic Might mokes Right. Designates humon workers os— 'the hands". The "Iron Law of Wages". Seeks to absorb Free Press and Makes wage slaves. The Company Union Suppresses the Union. Paternalism. Loissez Faire—norm of action in concrete situations. Silencing the press. Opposition to collective bargainSweet Shops and Starvation Wages. The Half-Truth technigue. Persecution Complex—from or ganized labor. Race and Closs disccrimination. .Absenteeism — Separation of Ownership from Responsibility. "By Breod Alone". 18. Social use to exclude personol "right". 19. Absolute ownership by the Bu reaucracy. 20. Seeks to annihilate the State by closs revolution. 21 . The End—a classless society— justifies the meons. 22. Gradual infiltration of radio and 23. Religion is an opium for all. 24. Imperialism through World Re volution. 25. The Clenched Fist. 26. Power for the soke of wealth. 27. Economic Might makes Right. 28. Designotes humon workers as— "the mosses". 29. Economic dictatorship. 30. Economic determinism. 31 . Seeks to annihilate Free Press and Speech. 32. Makes Party slaves. 33. The "Workers' Paradise'. 34. Purges the "reactionary". 35. The Collective Farm. 36. The Party Line —norm of action in concrete situations. 37. The Iron Curtain technique. 38. Encouragement of class struggle. 39. Iron Curtain "labor camps". 40. The "Front" technique. 41 . Persecution Complex — from agencies of the State. 42. Roce ond Class hatred. 43. Collectivism — Destruction of Ownership and Responsibility. 44. "By Bread Alone". for Communism by the religious and The woy had already been prepared moral destitution in which woge earners hod been left by Liberal Economics." Pius XII—Encyclicol on Atheistic Communism. 16 /THE CROSS St. Paul Was No Quitter Rev. Francis P. LeBuffe, S. J. St. Poul hod been arrested in Jerusalem, stopped short in his great work of preaching Christ to the ends of the Roman Empire.' It all seemed so senseless to hove been called to be the Apostle of the Gentiles, ond then, shackled and bound in prison, to hove weeks lengthen into months ond months into years. Yet it was precisely in that way that God wanted His Gospel to be spread by Poul. What seemed to wreck God's pions reolly furthered them. St. Poul himself told the story to his beloved Philippians: "Now I wish you to know, brethren, thot my ex periences hove turned out rather for the odvoncement of the gospel, so that the chains I bear for the soke of Christ have become manifest os such throughout the proetorium ond in oil other places. And the greater number of the brethren in the Lord, gaining courage from my chains, have dared to speak the word of God more freely and without fear." St. Paul took his medicine like o man; end in so doing helped others to be brove. Thot is how God used Pout's imprisonment. And thot is how He so often uses the upsets and disappointments in our lives to further His pions ond our own sanctification. Here a mon fails completely in business, moves far owoy and starts life anew. And the result — two sons in the priesthood ond a daughter in the convent, who never would hove been there if their father had stoyed in the town of their birth. Here o brilliant young man is invalided with bad health and never again knows a well doy — and his death is thot of o saint precisely because of his years of pain. Thot is the woy God works — jf only we let Him. Of course, we can balk His plans. St. Paul could hove "gotten sore" and "loin down on the. job." But he didn't. The bankrupt father could have become soured and left off his holy way of life. But he didn't. The young man could have grown ongry with God for taking away all chance of a normal life. Bui he didn't. I meet difficulties in life, ond dis appointments too, some little, some big. It's so easy then to get out of sorts and to take the line of least resistance and quit. Dear Jesus, I don't wont to be o quitter. My life, os every life, hos ups-ond-downs; ond at times the "downs" ore very steep ond deep. But if I only stay by You and with You ond let You have Your woy, I know You will pull me up again and set my feet on o higher road to Heaven than ever before. So help me, please — ond' never let me be OCTOBER, 1952 17 Mang Teban's character shows best when you know just How He Loves Horses Dorothy M. Leyba Mong Tebon is o confirmed horse addict. Every breathing moment of his life is one unending "horse oche". It could even be soid to be o cycle— o never failing cycle, with pangs in tensifying acutely at just the right doy of the week. While to most people life begins on a Monday, to Mang Tebon life begins on a Friday. Fridoy, because, it is just the day before Saturday and Sunday. And Saturday and Sundoy ore "horsedoys" or rather, "carrero days". So, on Friday, Mang Tebon begins to live. The very first thing Mang Teban does when he reoches home on this doy is to spread out the racing form, study each horse listed on it, squint his eyes, nod his head or shake it, put marks on the supposed-to-bewinners, gother tips on who's going to win, and wait for the blessed doy. So, when Saturday or Sunday dawns, Mang Teban is all ready to bring home the gambler's dream of dreams—the fat calf, the pot of gold, the cold cash prize! And dreaming in a most serious way, he starts on his way to the races all slicked up with, of course, the neverto-be-forgotten horse-school book— the racing form. The hours tick by until five o'clock. Horse class is dismissed. Mang Te ban then goes home with thot morn ing "Gloco smile" replaced by the worry-bird's special frown. And, that night, Mang Tebon sleeps with an ice-water bag on his head. But the following Friday finds Mong Tebon well again. There are the great tomorrows ahead—correro doys! However, this Fridoy, Mang Tebon seems to be extraordinarily happy. Seeing him with a racing form is no new sight for his neighbors, but see ing him around smiling, grinning, ond whistling "Be My Love...", thot was most unusual! Saturday oftemoon sends Mang. Teban hurrying on his way to Santo Ana Race Tracks. This time, he asks for no tips,t ond he listens to no sure-winner-talks from his friends. He just keeps on smiling as though he were sure he finally has a winner in the bag. For, according to his calculations of last night, his horse. Medicine Man, can't help winning this race. The hopeful middle-aged 18 THE CROSS mon hos mode up his mind thot his horse would win. In foct, it was years ago when Mang Teban hod promised himself to make his horse win the Sweepstake Races—Years ogo, when he fell in love with Medicine Mon at first sight, ond romantically, whispered into its eors: "You were born to be a chomp!" But, it was not until long arduous years of training, feeding, and guard ing, thot Mang Tebon and Medicine Man became really as one. Mong Tebon determinedly said: "Medicine Man, you will be the champion!" And so, the doy 4s come ot last. The doy when Mang Tebon would either find a pot of gold, or heart break at the end of his rainbow. . . . The very air that hangs above the race track seems to be tinged with a sharp electric crackle of excitement. The hundreds of people jammed in side, are either trying hard to hear or hoping hard to be heard. But Mang Tebon is unmindful of it all— the shouting, the giggling, the crowd. He just sits very relaxed and calm at his seat, puffing smoke rings into the noisy air. Then, he notices the board. The lovorite is "Lady-be-Good". "Medicine-Mon", well, he's second to the lost. "I'll surely make.a killing today," murmurs Mang Tebon to himself. And he begins to dream of the money he would surely be getting—P75,000.00, for his one monthly salary of P500.00. He dreams of the things his pot of gold would buy The horses are walking towards their posts. Mong Tebon's eyes trails Medicine Mon proudly. "My, whot a fine picture my horse mokes," Mong Teban murmurs. "Yeh, o beautiful horse, and a midget of o man ostride of him!" "And there they go!"—the giont voice from the tower bellows, calling on the race. Mang Teban sits with clenched fists, hardly daring even to breathe. "It's Lady-be-good going to the front, Do-Tell second,. . . . ond Medicine Mon trailing behind." "Around the first turn, it's Dotell now in the lead; Lody-be-Good second, Don Juan, fourth. . . Medi cine Mon still trying hord to cotch up." Mong Tebon cranes his neck for out through the noisy spectators' cheering, and tries hard to see Medi cine Mon. There he wos holding his place easily, not yet ready to chal lenge the leaders. "Into the back of the stretch, it is Lady-be-good, by a head; but coming fast from the outside, it's.’. . why, it's Medicine Mon!" "He's got it. It's in the bag. He can't lose!" Mong Teban almost yells. He looks again. The strong lithe legs of Medicine Man are eoting up the yards, between him and victory. Of course he cannot lose! At this moment, the thing happens. Medicine Man seems to plunge for ward, his right front foot doubles under him ond he is down. "He stumbled," someone cries. There iso confusion of voices. Then the race is over. Somebody won. OCTOBER, 1952 19 But surely not Medicine Man. Mong Teban does not care who won, for Medicine Mon ond his dream are now gone. Months pass. . . Mang Teban does not set foot on a roce track again. It is Sunday once more. Mang Tebon is back in his place. As good as new—finding his pot of gold bock in his heart. "There they go. . . Riflemon by three lengths. . ." the voice from the tower booms as it hod done months Mang Teban fastens his eyes eager ly upon a flash of brown darting owoy from the rest of the pick, like an orrow leaving a bow^-a big bay colt thot comes easily almost disdain fully around the turn ond makes for home with a graceful galloping mo tion that seems to soy to the horses behind him, "See? I'm not even trying!" In Mong Teban's face is that in frequent smile of his. "Do you see how he runs? Do you notice his stride?" Mang Teban asks the fel low standing by. "God, what a colt! When he has a few more pounds on him and someone to show him how Yes! Mong Teban is back in form again. He sees o colt, falls in love with it. . . ond, dreams of onother Medicine Man. What lies at the end of the rain bow? A pot of gold? A heart break? Whatever it will be—Mang Tebon is sure to rise from it and try again until he can conquer and win! FOR THE QUITTER We don't ordinarily core for pieces of this sort, but the following little inspiiational verses from Business College Flashes struck our fancy: The world won't care if you quit. And the world won't whine if you foil; The busy world won't notice it No matter how loudly you wail. The quitters a-e quickly forgot, On them the world spends little time; And few ever care that you've not The courage or patience to climb. So give up and quit in despair And take your place on the shelf; But don't think the world's going to care— You're only spiting yourself. 20 THE CROSS OPEN FORUM The opinions expressed in this column do not necessarily reflect views of the CROSS MAGAZINE staff. The Question: Does the NCAA foster sportsmanship and understanding among schools and colleges? Their Opinion: lr> o woy yes, but from whot I hove observed it hos gone beyond its bounds. Sports as o pastime or as a physical build-up is wholesome, but where it is over-emphasized it becomes degrading. Stu dents ore more sports-minded than academically Sports have o tendency to develop not only the physicol build-up of a man but cates the mind to be assertive and it also educompetitive. The result that is usuolly noticeoble is that once he is accustomed to such a frome of mind he develops a tendency to indulge in game where lucre or the desire to Now speaking of the academic is more reol then imaginary. Just students on game days during the usually is the result in witnessing a wasteful hours were only dedicated cises, perhaps he would be gaining any form of win is paramount. youth of todoy, I could say that this take the number of hours spent by academic* year and the fatigue that game running 4 to 5 hours. If these to study in the form of normal exermore, academically speoking. ATTY. TEOTIMO A. ROJA OCTOBER, 1952 21 Mrs. M. A. Singian ond therefor would The sports leagues in the Islands do foster, sports manship and understanding among the schools ond colleges. The contact made by the members of the sports leagues, or any league for that matter, is such thot the elements of sportsmanship and understanding become essential for its survival. Whot use the gathering to gether if there is no intention of sustaining and strengthen ing the unity or that oneness which is the main oim of leagues? And without these elements the components of the league would not be able to work harmoniously, net achieve the goal for which they are created. MRS. MERCEDES A. SINGIAN The NCAA has succeeded in fostering sports manship and fair-play among schools and colleges in so far os basketball is concerned. But it seems the other sports ore not receiving as much attention os they should. There is too much emphasis on basketball to the detriment of sports such as foot ball, track and field, swimming, etc.. . How much has the NCAA accomplished in these other sports? It has failed miserably. Aside than from thot there is some tendency to commercialize the games ond which should be curbed. MISS LYDIA G. GARLITOS L. G. Garlitos T. del Castillo The NCAA should encourage good sportsman ship, ond understanding among schools ond stu dents, etc. But very often, whot the NCAA en courages ore quarrels, fist-fights, ond what nots. Also, it gives people a chance to bet—to gamble on their fovorite team. I know, because I some times make small bets myself. But what of those people who lose bets of, let's soy, P20 or P50? I think they're silly. Anyway, I think the NCAA is wonderful. MISS TERESITA DEL CASTILLO 22 THE CROSS In onswer to your question, my answer is that the NCAA does some good and some harm. Surely there is some over-emphasis on athletics in the NCAA. Worse, there are frequent manifestations of unsportsmanship. At least some of the schools seem to be unable to control the cheap booing, etc., on the part of their students. On the other hand, the big advantage of the NCAA and similar leagues is thot it gives our youth a fine, wholesome, healthy outlet for their pent-up energies that might otherwise be devoted to things far worse. True, they spend countless hours not only attending the gomes, but also arguing ond discussing about them before and after. But don't tell me that otherwise they would spend these hours at their studies. Most young people would not. And by the woy, about the newspoper columnists who accuse the NCAA of overcommerciolism—don't pay any attention to them. They're a bunch of spoiled babies. Besides, they're looking for o fight to jell their papers. JORGE HERMAN Weary teocher: in one doy?" Pupil: "I get "How can up early." you possibly do so- many stupid things Mother: "It's a shame. I think our daughter Millie's new fangled hair-do looks like o mop." Father: "So what? Mabel doesn't know whot a mop looks like." Customer: "My last pair of half-soles didn't last long at all. You must use mighty poor quality leather." Shoemaker: "Guess you're right ot thot. All the good leather is going into steaks these days." A movie company was shooting scenes for a picture when two elderly women walked in the line of the camera. One of the camera crew shouted: "Don't go through there! A movie is being shot!" "Well," exclaimed one woman, "if it is anything like the one I sat through last night, it certainly deserves to be." OCTOBER, 1952 23 Over four centuries from Aporri to Jolo A Growing Republic Carlos P. Romulo From The Rotarian Courtesy of USIS Stone by stone the edifice of o democratic republic is rising in Asia. More than 20,000,000 people ore building it on a cluster of 7,097 tropic islands in the western Pacific. The Republic of the Philippines be gun amid ruins less than six years ago—is on its way up, on its own. Course by course we order and strengthening are achieving ticaj institutions. Step by step we are raising new factories and plant ing new crops. Peso by peso we are improving Our economy—having ot last in 1951 balanced our national budget. It has not been easy. Dif ficulties ond disappointments have dogged our steps all the way. Yet when we recall the low point from which we storted, we ore proud of what we hove built thus for ond full bosed on gratitude ond mutual re spect had begun. For the first time in history one people hod renounced their sovereignty over onother of their own free will, by peaceful means. How, then, hove we fored with our freedom? Whot have we to show for our first six years of nationhood? Our freedom not only is safe and intact but flourishing. The three co equal branches of our Government maintain their separate powers ond jurisdiction. Our courts remain un assailable in their integrity. Our educational system, furnishing the lifeblood of democracy, is growing by leaps and bounds. And our press is of hope for the constructive doys ahead. Our republic was born July 4, 1946. Forty-six years of United States sovereignty had come to an end, and a new era of friendship Manila still is badly scarred, but on its streets rolls the heavy traffic of progress. In the historic walled city of Intromuros, the buildings of the University of the Philippines shel ter industrious students. In ancient Santo Tomas University, 12,000 stu dents are dipping deep into their books. Manila is building back with 24 THE CROSS a speed unmotched in its history. The city is larger than ever; the 1939 population of 600,000 has more than doubled and soon moy reach 2,000,000. With Manila grows our new model capital of Quezon City, the shining center of our in dependent Government. In the open market at Quiapo, abustle with bar gainers, ore broader, taller stacks of goods than ever before—the result of a more productive nation. It is true, however, that of our serious problems the most pressing and intricate continue to be in the economic field. Much remains to be done to increase living standards and establish social justice. Nonetheless, our production in many fields has reached and even passed prewar levels. During the first half of 1951, for example, our exports totalled neorly $244,000,000 and our im ports just under $205,000,000. The leading exports were copra, sugar, abaca, coconut oil, dessicated coco nut, pineoppies, embroideries, chro mite, rope, and copra meal, in that Industry after industry has its story to tell of progress. Consider the basic grain of the Philippines—rice. During World War II, we lost more than 2,000,000 carabaos or water buffalo. Since this beast of all lobors plowed rice paddies on all our islands, the loss worked a severe hardship on the producers of this staple. Now more carabaos have been purchased and raised. In addition, fertilizer is being imported to in crease yields of rice. New irrigation pumps in many localities are enabling farmers to raise two rice crops each year. We are producing more rice than before the war. Eventually our aim is to produce all the rice we use and have some left for export. Scores of large and small factories ore springing up throughout the archi pelago. Men of many lands are helping us to develop these industries. Using capital, machines, and tech niques from abroad, we are moving steadily. Our Philippine Air Lines, owned both by the Government ond, by private investors, and managed by the latter, sends its 42 airplanes two-thirds of the way around the earth and is one of the most profit able air lines in the world. Not long ago a United Nations mission visited the Philippines. While teaching and encouraging handicrafts among rural people, these workers found a type of jute native to the Philippines. The result is thot we now have a new commercial pro duct—ond a new jute-milling indus try has been organized. ( To foster new industries, the Gov ernment is developing our great water power with hydroelectric plants. This is only one of the ways in which the Government is aiding new busi nesses. To protect our young in dustries, and also to channel our dollar reserves into machine tools and other investments, we have restricted our imports. We also have followed strict policies of price stabilization and sound taxotion which exempts new local industries. Already we con see good results. OCTOBER, 1952 25 Prices, once inflated sevenfold, have been reduced by two-thirds. Our peso has become more stable, and the drain on our dollar reserves halted. Our young Philippine Republic is pre paring for a better future with more roads and schools. Vigorously our schoolmen are pushing up the 49 percent literacy rate and building better citizens. Thot we hove moved ahead was evidenced by Philippine Achievement Week in 1951. For seven doys, beginning with our independence an niversary, the nation was given op portunity to review its progress through a series of industrial, agri cultural, health, ond educational disI hove not wished to give the impression that all is completely well in the Republic of the Philippines. Who is the official in all the world who can make such a claim? We hove problems ond plenty of them. One of these problems is that made for us by the Communist Hukbalahaps. Against them we ore making great progress. Day and night our armed forces are giving them battle ond pursuing them to their mountain hideouts. Roads once closed by their activities hove been opened. In a short while these armed rebels will cease to be a menace as an organized force, ond peace will return to our countryside. Our Government recognizes that many • rebels ore merely misguided followers of the Communist leaders. Hundreds hove surrendered and re pented. We have a program under way for their rehabilitation. On the Island of Mindanao are new wellbuilt homes on tracts of 15 to 25 acres of farm land. Scores of Huk families have been resettled there. They receive pots, pons, even mos quito nets and cigarettes—and the training to become skilled, scientific formers. We have similar resettlement areas in Luzon, even in Manila where re formed rebels operate a carpentry shop. We want to remove all mo tives for their ever again becoming social liabilities. I feel certain that many of our rebels can be reclaimed, but before we can do this job we must establish order and ferret out their leaders. As Filipino troops thus fight Com munist aggression ot home, they also are taking their stand in Korea under the banner of the United Nations. There they have shown their gallantry ond their resolution to protect the free life. For this same reason, the Republic of the Philippines has worked out o 99-year mutual-defense treaty with the United States. In it we see an opportuntiy to strengthen the fabric of peace in the Pacific. Recall the words of President Harry S. Truman of the United States: "The signing of this treaty symbol izes the close ties that bind the peo ple of the Philippines and the United States. . .We have demonstrated that two peoples, however different they moy be'in background ond experience, con work together. . . if they hove the same belief in democracy and the some faith in freedom." 26 THE CROSS In the same spirit, we signed the Japanese peace treaty in 1951. We did so with reservations. The treaty agreed to allow Japan the develop ment of both its industry and its milltory strength as a safeguard ogainst the spread of communism in Asia. Though we believe that Japan is in a position to pay us substantial reparations for war damages, we signed the treaty with the under standing that we could reopen sepa rate reparation negotiations with Japan. In this woy we helped pre-, serve the harmony of the free na tions. COMFORTER by Antonio V. Romualdei With ignorant fear and lonesome heart I stand Upon the surf of a lost and alien land, My eyes are cold and cloudy with my tears For my soul in hunger pines for lost loved years, That fled with the sight of my^far dear home; Far from the loved and farther still I roam, But though my land has fled my anguished eyes, My own dear home shall be to me — a Paradise. I seek the shelter of the Evening Star, That gleams with the beams of the moon afar............ But then do I clamor for the early rise of Dawn, Ye^ with the sun's full glare in pain I moan. Then do I raise my lonely heart in prayer, Indeed the Lord is the greatest Comforter. OCTOBER, 1952 27 Our Lady's Love-pledge The Rosary and You Alfredo G. Parpen, S. i. "Father, I know whot the Rosary is, and I do know what it means, but, gosh, its rother a bit boring and mo notonous, don't you think?" This is an old, familiar refrain I have heard its meaning. There is an old song which seems to have remained a favorite with al most everyone. The Rosory. There is in it a line thot runs thus "each bead a pearl, each pearl a prayer." That is whot each rosary bead is—o prayer, a prayer of praise, a prayer of petition. A prayer of faith, of hope and love. Each time we say the "Our Father," a picture rises before us*. We see Christ standing in the midst of His disciples, His arms uplifted ond His eyes raised to heaven. We hear the same words we pray to this day, foiling from His lips. Precious, price less words uttered in prayer by the loving Son to the watchful Father. The disciples had asked Him: "Lord, teach us how to proy." And so Christ taught them, and gave to us this most perfect proyer — the 'Our Father.' Each time we soy the "Hail Mary" we echo angelic words — those of God's own messenger, Gabriel; we ut ter the blessing that fell from sainty lips — that of St. Elizabeth, ond then we voice the cry of Mother Church, of mankind at large, and the cry of our own hearts when we pray to the Mother of God "to pray for us sinners, now and at the hour of our death. Amen' Each time we say the "Glory Be" we lift up our own feeble nothingness ond sinful humanity on par with the angelic choirs to hymn forth a praise to the Blessed Trinity—Father, Son and Holy Ghost—ond this praise is far sweeter and loftier than the sweet est and sublimest music man can raise and ever sing to God. "Each bead o pearl, each pearl a prayer." Thot is then what every rosary bead is—a prayer. But each bead is more than a "bead of pearl." It is better thus to consider each bead a rose. For a pearl remains cold for all its lustre, whereas a rose is some thing warm ond vibrant. A pearl is hard and scentless; a rose is soft and fragrant. And love—human love, divine love—is not something cold and hord. It is something warm, very worm, ond soft, and very tender. 28 THE CROSS Long after Mary had gone up to heaven, her mother-heort grieved for the evils and sorrows that afflicted her children on earth. And so, os the beautiful Catholic tradition goes, she hurried down to earth and gave to St. Dominic, for the rest of men, a pledge and token of her love and care. The Rosary. The Rosary, then, is the love-pledge of Mory. It is the love token of the best and most loving of mothers to her children. This, of course, you know. You, who are her Sodalists, her Legionaries, her Catholic Actionists. ' Mory's own knights who are pledged in a special way to fight ond labor for the cause of her Son. Mary's own children who hove sworn to stay by her side ond never desert the cross that sur mounts the Calvary of their everydoy life. Lord Byron, the English poet, once wrote that he had "a passion for the name of Mary." You know much better than Lord Byron. Yours is the strongest, purest, manliest pas sion, not for just any Mary of Lord Byron, but for the one and only Mary. The Mary who gave Christ to the world in a Bethlehem cave and who, in turn, was given to the world by Christ on Calvary hill! For you, no other Mary matters, and after her only comes then, the Mary that is- your eorthly mother; the Mary that, God willing, will some day be your wife; the Mary that is your sister, and the Mary in every woman you meet in this life. You love her, this Mary in the cave, this Mary on the .hill. And this is the meaning of the rosary that you wear and pray. Your burning devotion to her. The Rosary being a garland of roses, some bright people have given. to its mysteries a poetic literalness. Thus the joyous mysteries are likened to white roses, the sorrowful to red roses, and glorious to golden roses. And I am not the one to blame them; do we not all love to "say it with flowers?" When we pray the Rosary, we ore being children, poets, cavaliers and knights—all at one time—paying the simplest, the most beautiful, the tenderest and gallantest address jond homage to our mother and queen, and as we hold and Caress each bead, we breathe in the fragrance of heaven os we think for a moment on the message and meaning of each mys tery. The joyous mysteries bring us the message of love and the value of poverty and obscurity in a world that panders so much to hate, bank notes and publicity. The sorrowful mys teries give us the lessons bf obedience to authority and strict compliance to duty in o world that prides iself in its brassiness, its independence, and its practical expediencies. The glorious mysteries inspire us with hope, with reverence for our bodies ond a love for chastity in a world dork with des pair at the approach to the grave and festering with sensuolity. This is the meaning of the Rosory, when you have fully realized it, you not only proy ond wear—you live the Rosary! "With desolation is the world made desolate because no man thinketh in OCTOBER, 1952 29 his heart." Look at the world around you today; you see how terribly true it is. Parents fail to think in their hearts ond homes ore broken. States men scorn to think in their hearts and nations are shattered. But the world will never be made entirely desolate- while there are still men, please God, who weor ond proy the love-pledge of Mary—men who think in their hearts—men who live the Rosary! "I WANNA DRINK" A priest who is pastor of a small country porish was telling us recently about a rother strange difficulty he encountered. He hos a small, box like church, and in one corner, neor the door, he has! placed a crook of holy water with o dipper, figuring that this location would make it easily accessible to his parishioners. It wos a good idea; but soon the mothers began to complain. Seems when they brought their small children to church, there was even more than the usual outbreak of requests for o "drink of water." For a while the parents were mystified. Then they discovered that the reason for the rash of thirstiness was the presence of the crook ond dipper. The little ones could easily spot them os they squirmed in their mothers' arms; which reminded them of the wells and dippers in their form-homes, and whether or not they hod been thirsty before. The association of ideas wos too much, and they promptly set up a clamor for a "drink." The postor hos removed the thirst-producing dipper from the sight of the little ones. LOST LEGION In flying over the "Hump" in Burma during the last war 468 American airplanes were lost. Presumably these planes were lost not as a result of combat, but as a result of weather or mechonicol difficulties. The majority of these planes fell in the mysterious ond unexplored area of Tibet, which very few white men have ever entered ond returned to tell the pf their adventures. PRATTLE Here are a couple of further items from our Wisdom of Babes file: A mother we heard of tells how her four-year-old son came into her bedroom during the night and said: "I'm scared. I had an awful bad dream." "What was it all about?" said the solicitous parent. "I don't know," said the child. "It was so bad I didn't look." 30 THE CROSS Dear Miss Marlene, I am a young man of 19 and a second year college student. About six months ago I happened to meet a beautiful girl who was a year older than I. She was* very good ond understanding. Well, we soon became fast friends and at last I fell in love with her. In as much as I am always busy at school I found no adequate time to talk to her about my feelings. So I sent her love letters. At times when we meet each other I noticed that she is still good to me and as though nothing was wrong with my sending her those letters. I told her how I wanted very much to visit her but found no time to do so. And she knows it. What worries me now is whether this girl loves me or not. Do you think she still cares for me? Worried. Dear Worried, You are only 19, still studying, and much too young to concern your self seriously about love. As you soy, your studies are affected adversely, which is one of the main reasons against young people going steady and getting engaged. Youth is the time for enjoying different friends, develop ing one's personality, preparing one for the serious and important res ponsibilities of marriage. Don't handicap yourself by assuming the burdens meant for older and maturer 'shoulders than yours. Wait until you have* finished your studies. Then you will be in a better position to propose marriage. Dear Miss Marlene, I have a pen-pal who is IB and I am 16. We are both in the fourth year. We have written several letters to each other and I know that he is a good Catholic. He prays the rosary daily, attends the novena to Our Lady OCTOBER, 1952 31 of Perpetual Help and receives Holy Communion frequently. I like him for all these and enjoy corresponding with him. But lately he wrote me a love letter, and I grew angry over this. I told him that I do not wanf to receive love letters yet because I am still too young to think of love. Am I right? I only want to remain friends with him ond nothing more. "E.. Lee" You ore right in telling your friend not to write love letters. You ore only 16, and he is 18, there ore still many years of studies to go through before either of you can ever think of getting seriously in love. You need not continue writing him if you do not wish to do so. But if you prefer to write then limit yourself only to impersonal matters in your letters. Should your friend insist on writing you love letters then it would be odvisoble to stop writing him altogether. Dear Miss Marlene, My problem dates far back to my senior high school days. I was then a member of our schot/l paper staff and had always wanted to write. I wrote a short story and had it published in our school paper. But, my brother, said that he read a similar story before and that I could be accused of plagiarism. I was so afraid and I prayed to the Sacred Heart to help me out and promised that if He wills, on my 25th birthday I will enter the religious life The years passed and I was sent to Manila to study in college. In my my second year I met a fine young man with whom we became fast friends ond who later began to court me. My uncle learned of this ond forbade me from seeing the mon again. My brother also objected to my interest in my suitor. To me, this man was an ideal life partner and a good Catholic. I wanted him to become more friendly with my relatives but they on their part definitely did not want to. One Sunday my suitor came to the house and my uncle reminded him that I am not to be courted, that I was sent here to study, and that I was too young to indulge in love affairs (I was then 21). My uncle reasoned out to me that it would not do to marry a man of my suitor's type as he has only a high school education and is just a p.f.c. at the Malacahan and was interested in me because of my college education. Just before my graduation last March my suitor asked my hand, and 32 THE CROSS when my brother learned of this he told me to pack up to leave for home by the next boat. So here I am separated from my suitor. I received several letters from him asking me to go with him if I still love him. Rose Dear Rose, One thing I am sure about, and that is you are not bound by the rash promise to enter the convent just because you were afraid of being branded a plagiarist. That is too flimsy a motive for entering the religious life. As to whether or not you should marry the man you love or the one your parents have picked out for you, is a pretty difficult question to an swer offhand. It may sound trite but nevertheless it is very true that one cannot live on love alone. Is your finarice able to support you and your children to come, on his salary as a private in Malaconan? Does his formal education, or lack of it, matter to you a great deal? If you think you can manage the financial angle satisfactorily and you are the type of person who does not consider a college education an indispensable qualification, then you can go right ahead and marry the man you love oven without your parent's approval. However, do not rush matters. Weigh your decision carefully and thoroughly. Discuss every angle with your parents and father confessor. Only when all amicable means have been tried and found wanting may you go against your parent's wishes. And above all pray. Pray earnestly for light and guidance for yourself, your fiancee and your parents. Dear Miss Marlene, I met a man two years ago with whom I fell in love and becarhe engaged. He wrote me twice during the first month. But after this I no longer heard from him and it has now been two years since then. I again met another man with whom I fell in love and who is a stuaent. We have been steady for almost two years but he does not know anything about the first man. Am I right in accepting this man without a word of separation from the first man? Am I right in hiding .the fact of my first engagement from this man? White Flower Dear White Flower, Since the first man has not written you for almost two years now, quite a long time for not enpressing himself unless something serious has occurred, it is most likely that he no longer loves you. Besides you yourself have stated thot you no longer have any feeling, for him, which makes it the more justifiable on your part to seek another man. OCTOBER, 1952 33 There is no need to ask from the first man for a separation as there was nothing binding between you except your mutual agreement. And since one or both of you no longer wishes the other's affection then both or either or you can break it up without any formality. This applies only to the so-called engagements that you have entered into. Nor need you relate to the second man about your previous affairs. That is your own af fair to keep to yourself or divulge it to others. As an afterthought, it is not advisable for you to get yourself engaged. You are still studying, and so is the man you love. You owe it to your self and to Itie young man you love not to commit yourself to him until he is in a position to work out his future by means of a steady income. I have been advising many students not to immerse themselves in these affairs until they are through with schooling and have reoched maturity. All your chances for acquiring more friends and enjoying a large company are jeopardized in these "engagement" affairs. Dear Miss Marlene, I am a young woman of 23 years old. I've already finished my college and have a job. I am at present engaged to a young man a year my senior and have been so already for some time. I think he's just the right one for me. intensity. I love him terribly and 'he loves me also with the some But a great trouble has happened. He has shifted his course and cannot be expected to graduate in less than two years. Aside from that my parents are greatly prejudiced against him. They object to him em phatically. If I go with my young man I will break my mother's heart and incur my father is wrath. If I abide by my parent's wishes I will break my lover's heart and mine. Greatly Perplexed Dear Greatly Perplexed, Most parents, as a rule, have very good intentions for disapproving or approving of their children's choice of a' life-partner. They love their children and wish only the best for them. Age and experience, furthermore, qualify them as better judges of character than their young sons and daughters. There are exceptions, however. Some parents are selfish, dictatorial, and domineering. They cannot bear to lose their children to another; they want their children tied to their apron-strings until they are gone, leaving behind them embittered old-moids and lonely bachelors. Your parents seem to belong to the latter group. If their grounds for disap 34 THE CROSS proving your young mon ore just trumped-up excuses to keep you by their side os long os they con, then you ere not bound to obey them. You are now of age and hove a right to choose your own life. I would advise you to wait until your fiancee has finished his studies and until he hos received a steady job to enable him to support you. If by then your parents still selfishly forbid your marrying him, you can disregard their wishes. Your mother will not die of a broken heart and your father, seeing you happy and contented, will probably relent in a short time. In the meantime, pray hard that you may do what is right, and that your parents may realise how unreasonable their attitude is. If you trust in Our Lady ond place your courtship in her all-powerful hands, then rest assured everything will work out for the best. A SINNER’S LAMENT Edgardo Ma. Reyes, S. J. O wearied soul, how long will you endure Your bitter woes; how long the raging sea Of pain withstand; will labor never cease Till ruthful death concludes life’s harsh decree? Will growing sorrow ever in your heart Seek refuge; torments rack your fevered breast? Will pride live on; temptation, war, and strife Not end till in the grave the corpse finds rest? Be calm, my soul, and gaze upon the Cross. Was ever sorrow like to His, accurst By those for whom He suffers? Listen, hear His pleading cry for patient souls, “I thirst!” The following thanks wos sent by a little girl to an aunt from whom she had received a birthday present, "Dear Aunty Gladys: Thank you so much for the nice pin-cushion you sent for my birthday. It is a lovely pin-cushion. I have always wanted a pin-cushion, only not very much. Your loving neice." — London Leader Magazine. OCTOBER, 1952 35 "There's gold in them thar hills" Wealth In The Tropics Charles Morrow Wilson From Think Courtesy of USIS The two Tropic Zones of the earth are regions of potential abundance for all people, the durable cradles of of life, the great strongholds of peren nial growth and basic production. They also are crucial spheres of de between totalitarianism and democracy. They form an inevita ble basis for an economy which, ca" raise the standard of living of the world, and if democracy is to live mankind as a whole must live better than it now lives. The tropics include most of the ha bitable frontiers which remain on earth. They are arenas of increas ing human population. The tropical population now totals near 1,200,000,000 people — almost half of al! mankind — and is increasing at the rote of about 40,000 people a day. While two-thirds of the current in crease in human population is taking place in the Tropic Zones, at leas* two-thirds of all tropical lands still have too few people for the effec tive or immediate development of their natural resources. As this shortage of people gradually is over come, the world-wide importance or the tropics is certain to become even more momentous. The tropics are those regions of lond and water which receive maxi mum sunpower—a totol of 16,000,000 square miles representing about one-third of the habitable earth. Paralleling the Equator, the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn extend a distance of 23 degrees and 27 minutes north and south of 0 (zero) degrees latitude. There are many tropical impedi ments, but there are still more.trop ical advantages. The greatest advan tage is the superior sunpower, which creates superior power to produce good. A given measure of human energy capably applied to a given re source is more productive in the tro pics than anywhere else on earth. Vegetative and bacterial growth is far more rapid in the tropics than in the Temperate Zones. The growth of a tree, for example, may be from two to nine times as fast. Farming is mankind's most effec tive means for benefitting from the 36 THE CROSS momentous and seemingly limitless advantages of tropical sunpower. More than four-fifths of all tropical peoples today are agrarians. Adding to the bounties of superior sunpower is the comparative certainty that the greoter part of the rich soils remaining on the earth is in the tro pics. Whether this will continue to be' true depends largely on the way the soil is used by humans. Even the richest of soils are a perishable film rarely exceeding seven or eight in ches in depth. While tropical sun power performs bountifully in build ing and rebuilding soils, they can be eroded and destroyed by the tropical rains. Soil conservation practices must be observed there as elsewhere. The tropics are free of the freez ing winters which require farmers in the Temperate Zones generally to plant crops every year. Perennial crops ore more economical and ef fective, since the growing of annual crops means plowing, seeding, and other, cultivation each successive spring. The tropics are the age-old strongholds of the great perennial crops which live ond flourish with out the penalty of winter killing and without the expensive hazard of leaving valuable soils uncovered during much of the yeor. The ma jority of tropical crops require plant ing only once in several years, or once in a decade, or quarter-cen tury, or half-century, or even once a century. A planting of such tropical staples as bananas, cocoa, or coffee bush is good for at least 25 years of recurrent harvest. Once started well. the great perennial crops of the tro pics require little or no cultivation. In the Temperate Zones, most crops thrive only in soils t which have been drained of water. The tropics have era's which grow best in wet soil, in cluding such valuable root crops as taro, a staple starch food, and dasheen, a root crop which holds ex ceptional promise as an important in ternational source of industrial star ches, cellulose, alcohol, engine fuels, and animal foods. Grasses are primary crops, and the greatest grazing areas are in the tro pics. About two-thirds of the great forests ore in the tropics. Next to trees and grasses, which include the common grains, -palms are the most valuable of all crops and perhaps the least developed. More than 3,000 varieties of bearing palms are known, yet probably not more than 1 percent of the tropical palm crops is being harvested. Most great tropical shorelines lack good harbors, yet these can*be built The rivers, too, can be developed for economical navigation. Tropical development has been handicapped by mountain ranges, ex cessive rainfall, and unnavigable rivets which impede travel and transport. Recurrent tropical storms such as trade winds, monsoon, typhoons, and harmattans, endanger tropical ship ping. Yet the advantages are far more than proportionate. For the tro pics and the people who live and work there, a future of great promise lies ahead. OCTOBER, 1952 37 T)ke Chaperone Pen Pol Column conducted By AUNT LUISA . How ore my little dears? Doing o desperate last-minute hoarding or facts for the coming exams? You poor kids! Well. . . look here, if you promise Auntie to be very good boys and girls and take the semestral exams extra-seriously, we'll put the "holloween get-together" plan into action right after the exams! Awful ly thrilled? I don't blame you. You see, we ore plonning to have another "how-are-you" affair before Christ mas . . . and I was just thinking,. . . supposing we make it a holloween party this time for o change? Wouldn’t it be simply, great to have such an affair complete with pump kins, witches and oil? We might even be able to raise some money to help the poor on Christmas! As for the time, the place and the g. . .er. . . the date, I mean, we will get in touch with you as soon as we get them de finitely settled, huh? There are so many things to be considered before invitations are finally sent out, y'know. Your res ponse to the proposed affair for instance, will determine whether we hold the offair or not. So, how about letting me know how you feel about it? And speaking of getting together, Peps D-104 wrote in, asking if they, our cousins in Mindanao, that is, can have their own "hello" activities too. Sure, go right ahead. Peps. As for old Aunt Luisa going over there to share the fun with you, well... well... if only my rickety bones could stand the trip! Thanks no end, onyWhile waitng for the list of names of our pen-friends abroad, do write any of the following boys a few lines of cheer. Through the courtesy of Mr. Juan Villasanto, fhe correspon dent of the Evening News to Korea, and through the untiring efforts of Adolfo V-l 11, we got hold of a partial list of names of our 19th BCT soldiers in Korea. It seems their problem No. 1 out there is not so much as how to fight the the com mies os how to fight back LONELI NESS. Aw, I know it will take you 38 THE CROSS just a whole five minutes at the most to write those chin-up notes that would mean so much to them. So please, kids. . . don't fail them now! Let's not only pray for them but let's cheer them up too! ! ! I'll mail your letters for you. T/Sgt Jose D. Vega S/Sgt Francisco Diaz S/Sgt Mariano Fontanilla Sgt Arthur Fetalvero Sgt Leonardo Olegario CpI Lucas Abiler CpI Abelardo Castaneda CpI Pastor Estael CpI Basilio Lubong CpI Ubaldo Mejades CpI Manuel Petilia CpI Rodrigo Sison CpI Roberto Velarde By the way, may I request those non-members who are thinking of sending their letters to the Australian girls and to any foreign pen-chums whose names will appear in this colunm in the future, through me, to enclose an envelope and the pre scribed number of stamps with their letters. I hope you understand. Y'see, I can't possibly keep on sending so many letters abroad from nonmembers,. . . why, the family's stamp and envelope reserves would disap pear in a minute! What d'ya know, we have a dozen of new members this month. . . and what members! All bubbling with life! ! ! Welcome dears, step right into the parlor and meet the rest of the brood. Heading the line is a very lively teenager and a colegiala too. Felicitas D-112 Her weakness, she con fesses, are chicken salad and fried chicken. Swoons; Tony Curtis, Dale Robertson, and Rory Calhoun. Likes corresponding with happy people, and cheering for the school next doorSan Beda College. Jake C-127 another recuit of Adolfo V-111, was one of the dele gates of Letran to the SCA confab this year. He is not in Letran now, though. He is at present taking Fine Arts in UST. Hmm. . . I dop't know, but I've always regarded Fine Arts students with a special interest. Greatly inspired, so she sez, (ehem!) by the Chaperone family's bandwagon. Personal data includesHobbies; letter-writing, reading novels, listening to radio programs. School; Legaspi College Education; sophomore commerce. Favorite tune; "All the Things You Are" Also from Bicolandia is J^emedios G/28 who is enjoying a well-earned rest from teaching. Sure, you are welcome, Remy. You will have lots of fun exchanging "school-marm" chit-chots with the other ma'ams in the family, I guaranty you-that! The Green Archers have two do or-die fans down in Cebu in the per sons of Ma. Cristina L-123 and Car men P-111. The newest assets of Colegio de la Inmaculada Concepcion in the family, Cristina and Carmen are the very pictures of atomic-age teen agers. Besides being seniors in CIC, OCTOBER, 1952 39 they hove o knack for hoarding col lege pins, stickers, and pencils. Libertad N-104 introduced herself in a very chummy way. Just a fourteener, she can very well hold her own when it comes to executing that very delicate feminine ort-embroiLast but certainly not the least, is a gang of happy-go-lucky young gents from San Fernando Pampanga. We've got to hand it to Alice B-1 14 for convincing her jolliest bunch of cousins to join us. First, and I bet the naughtiest, is Eddie B-121 who finally made it and graduated from Dentistry last March . A bundle of mischief, he claims he's extremely dark that he can stand in for Gungo Din anytime. Gosssssh! Cresencio "pretty boy" L-124 is a senior in Pampanga Institute. "He is never hungry" complains Edd'e B-121 no wonder he is such a tall boy. Hats off to our future "attorneysout-law", Ador G-l 1 I and Bennie L-125 who will give you a good doze of laughing gas when they are around. I con just imagine. . . Avelino V-115 besides being a sophomore radio technician at Feati specializes in eating, loves music and dancing. Seventeen-er, Maning V-116 talks basketball, dreams basketball, reads basketball day in day out. Well I guess basketball captains are like that. He is captain of St. Lucy's Basketball Team, y'know. S'long, children. . . qirls do take very good core of yourselves. Don't ever, ever dore go out alone. Pray hard to our Lady of the most Holy Rosary to preserve you from harm always. Seminarian of the month is Exequiel Singson Jr. Seminarian-help; Queen of the most holy rosary, pray for us. Aunt Luisa P. S. FALSE ALARM! Marcia E-106 cancelled her trip to the US at the last minute. Ah, women!!! Complaint of the Average Newspaper Reader The daily press Has much to depress: Wars and fears, Crimes and tears: All the news Serves to confuse. . . Except the reports On Sports. LGM 40 THE CROSS For Women Only Maria Clara by Pete J F we were to tell you a story of Stalin, we would dig from endless books written on the terror of this century, and we would most proudly write our names in the boldest letters, as the great champions of democracy. If we were to tell you the story of the atomic bomb, we would paint the picture of Hiroshima ond the thousands of maimed and ghastly bodies of those who could not tell its story. Bui we are about to tell you the story of a woman. . . and brother, for Pete's sake, don't give us away. To write her story, we must hide behind the barricades of anonymity. Pete and I here fully realise the booby-trap infested ground on which we must travel. One false slip, and Pete and I would be mysteriously slipped away into oblivion. That is why if by chonce you should know our real identities, for Pete's and Pat's sake, guard it as the most secret of all secrets, and never, never. . . . leave it with a woman. Our dear Diana came into the office the other day and simply blew her top about the inefficiency. of the present generation of Maria Claras in the handling of thread and needle. She can spend hours on hours gingerly painting her face with lipstick, mascara, pan cake flour, rouge, etc, and trimming her nails to a "T". But with a needle ond thread, she becomes clumsy as an elephant. We had to put stoppers in our ears, and our desks needed extra weights to keep our papers from flying in all directions. And speaking of directions, we were able to put this down as our gleanings from our dear Djono's lecture on sewing. Every womon, I om sure, realizes thot the fine ort of sewing is as valuable todoy as it was in her grand mother's doy. Not only the lasting personal satisfaction ond the useful skills she acquires, but also the need ed economy in these hard times of high cost of living make it necessary for many women to learn how to sew. To help the home sewer in her sewOCTOBER, 1952 41 of 1952 and Pat ing methods in order not only to in sure a smooth finish in all her work manship but also make o pleosant experience, time to time give her sewing for her I sholl from As o stort here are some useful hints for the beginner. 1 . If one con afford a sewing room, it would be ideol, but since not many women hove the spoce o closet with shelves would do. 2. A list of your sewing equip ment must include an iron, ironing board, pressing cloth, scissors long ond small, pin-cushion, pins needles, rozor blodes, tape measure, yardstick, thimble, scrap basket or box, a ploce to cut, threod, paper for pattern, ma terial, full-length mirror, good light, time, potience and common sense. the right posture in sitting is important for the health. 5. The use of the thimble is o "must" in sewing. 6. Fine needles and threod must be used for fine materials, and coarse needles and threod for coarse ma terials. 7 . The right side of the moteriol con be recognized by meons of the selvedge. 8. When sewing with the hands the correct length of the threod is from the fingers to the elbow. 9. Know the possibilities of your machine. Those attachments which come along with were mode to be 3. Before starting to sew the right sewing tools must be in the sewing box and place near by. 4. Whether the sewing will be 10. Learn the names of the most important parts of your sewing ma chine so you con identify them. They are usually shown in the diagram in the instruction book. All of which should be a real "trash. . . ure" for our up and coming Filipino mothers. Take it from Pete, here. He says the easiest way into his heart is through the eye of a needle through the folds of his stomach. If women can only realize how much a man's stomach means to him. Stalin, they say, never holds a meeting on an important issue 42 THE CROSS without o bonquet, which is probably the reason also why Men flock to Manila hotel to hold a political caucus. So there you are, we ore rambling. . . we know, but how else can we speak of women without rambling? And here comes another of those more serious Maria Claras. She claims to be a journalist, too. When you write, she says, don't labor too much for effect. Convey a message. Write something. Don't just type. Write. So she wrote. . . about camotes. From a journalistic point of view, we were o little reluctant about publishing this thing about camotes. It has no local appeal. But it sure had, when the Japs were around, she vehemently retorted. So we let it go at that. When arguing with a woman, speciol ethics soys take the safer side— that, is shut up. Pete here has a story obout a woman who was brought in for her debut in Judgment Hotel. The priest was saying the last prayers for the dead, and just as he was about to end, the dead woman sat up and soid, "Amen." She had the last word. And there wos the other kind, who in life was always late. She was lote for baptism, she always came late for Sunday, and when she finally kicked the bucket, she was late for the funeral! But we must go on with this literary piece on camotes. The recent "hot potato" scondol gave us a fine ideo for our columncamote. The Irish or white potato is o scarcity due to governmental restrictions. The limited quantities of the Philippine grown variety puts it beyond most homemakers' budget. So this time we will turn our attention to the versatile sweet potato, locally known ar the camote. The camote hos practically the same food value as white potatoes, although the yellow variety contains considerably more pro-vitamin A. Sweet potatoes do not contain much calcium, iron and oscobic acid, but they add materially to the totol in take when eaten in large amounts. They are found in almost oil localities throughout the year, and are there fore purchasable at reasonable prices. Besides being used in vegetable dishes, sweet potatoes may be success fully prepared for delicious deserts or they may be simply fried, boiled or roasted in their skins and served with or without grated coconut ond sugar for snacks. They are excellent too, for French fries. Best results are obtained by cutting them In uniform sizes, for when pieces varying widely in size are fried at the same time, the larger piece will be underdone while the smaller pieces ore properly Sweet potatoes should not be sooked in water as soaking will dissolve the soluble nutrients in vegetables. From kitchen-tested recipes, it has been found that sweet potato slices will not discolor when pared just be fore frying and only in quantity suf ficient for one deep frying ot a time. Furthermore, unsoaked sweet potato OCTOBER, 1952 43 slices will not stick together during frying. The ideol frying process should be so timed thot the fried slices reach the table within a minute or two after they come from the pan. Features characteristic of good quality sweet potatoes ore an un blemished skin, firm flesh and the absence of dark brown streaks in the flesh. Sweet potatoes decay easily from moisture, hence they should be stored dry ond piled loosely for ven tilation, preferable in baskets. They should not be ploced next to wet vegetables. Try these recipes from the Insti tute of Nutrition: Candied Sweet Potatoes Wosh 5 potatoes ond peel thinly. Have 1 /2 cup water, 1 cup sugar and a little salt heated to boiling. As the-potatoes ore peeled, leave whole or cut in half and drop into syrup, turning to coat all over. Cover tightly, reduce heot, cook slowly, turn ing potatoes from time to time until thtfy ore tender and translucent ond syrup is cooked down to a thick candly-like consistency. Add butter, turning potatoes to mix well, and con tinue cooking 5 minutes longer. Serve hot with syrup over them. Sweet potatoes also be glazed by heating peeled, boiled potatoes and syrup in a covered pan in a moderate oven <375 degree F.I. Turn occasionally and add butter just before serving. 5 servings. Variation—Hot boiled, well-drained sweet potatoes may be drizzled gen erously with melted butter, sprinkled with either brown or granuloted sugor. ond baked in a moderotely hot even (400 degrees F.I, uncovered, until brown and sugar-crusted. Mashed Sweet Potatoes Cook sweet potatoes by boiling in their skins. Remove from skins and mash. Add butter, allowing about 3 tablespoons for 5 medium sweet potatoes, and salt and sugar or strain ed honey to suit taste; then whip untiT fluffy with a fork or wooden A little grated orange rind and a dash of sherry whipped into the sea soned potatoes odd interesting flavor. For Sweet Potato Puff, pile the mashed potato lightly in a shallow baking dish ond brown in the oven. Camotes with Pineapple Sauce Ingredients—4 cooked sweet pota toes, 3 tbsps. butter or magorine, 2 tbsps. flour, pinch of salt, I cup un sweetend pineapple juice. Method—Peel sweet potatoes thinly and slice in holf lengthwise. Pan fry in butter over medium heat until lightly crusted on both sides and ten der oil the woy through. Remove potatoes ond keep hot.. Blend flour and salt in to butter remaining in pan; add pineapple juice gradually and cook until thick, stirring constant ly to keep smooth. Immediately pour hot sauce over sweet potatoes and serve. Gornish with a few flecks of. jelly. 4 servings. Sweet Potatoes with Bacon Ingredients—3 strips bacon, 3/4 cup chopped onion, 1 tsp. salt, I /4 to 1 tsp. sugor, 4 medium sweet po tatoes, cooked and peeled. Method—Cut bacon into half-inch 44 THE CROSS pieces. Put into o soucepan and saute with onion until done, or about 5 minutes. And the diced sweet po tatoes and seasonings and cook over medium heat until sweet potatoes are hot through ond acquire o golden crispy crust on under side. Serve immediately. Sweet Potato Bolls Ingredients—2 cups hot, riced sweet potatoes, 3tbsps. butter, 1 /2 tsp. solt, few grains pepper, 1 egg slightly beaten. Method — Combine ingredients, shape in small bolls or croquettes, roll in flour or dip in crumbs, egg, ond crumbs again, and fry or soute. If sweet pototoes ore very dry, add hot milk to moisten. Serve 6. A woman is that strange, delicate, intricate figure, which even was instrumental in the perfection of the atomic bomb? And even more so with our Filipinos. As an Oriental she has in herited the shiftness of the moonsoons that flood Manila. She comes in Ruths, and Annies, and Ivies. In her loves, she has the constancy of Sol; in her temper, the heat of the tropical sun. And to top it off our versatile Mang Pepe gives a few "trash. . ..ureless" hints on getting the dirt off your face—to be read, remembered, and handed down to generations as an heirloom. Dirt-washing is no fun. It is sheer drudgery almost akin to slavery al though just as indispensable; it gives one the experience of seeing one's beads of perspiration mingling with the wash-water which is often clean er — I mean the wash-water; it makes one go on with the motions of scrubbing, on all fours quite often, very un-whitecollory, I dare say; and it makes us gasp-partly through fa tigue — thot there should be so much filth in the world, especially in maga zine stands. But let me tell you where dirt washing is a ritual almost as sacred as a sacrificial goat offering. Face washing! No series of motions in the world can be so related to each other iike a link in the chain nor practiced with so much fidelity and attention to details as that of get ting the dirt off your face. It is a custom almost as universal as spit ting on the floor, and can be prac ticed at any hour on the face of the clock. Man's pleasure awaits no time and tide. The ritual of face-washing is ot its noblest in the morning, at rising time. It contains all the elements for a sacrifice. To rise and dress up without indulging in face-washing is a serious breach of etiquette, an OCTOBER, 1952 45 unforgivable CRIME, a lack of CON SIDERATION for others, a most IN HUMAN ACT! (My friends think less highly of Sunday Mass!) Well to go back to the ritual of face-washing. I said it contains all the elements of a sacrifice. Just picture yourself in the morning. You get up from bed, reluctantly of course depending upon the temperature, and swing the towel around your neck and with eyelids half open head for the washroom. At eyelevel you spy your pink soap holder on the shelf and that of your neighbor's just beside it. You gently take the latter, pound the sticking soap into you palm and inhale deeply the aro ma which comes off the soap like the smoke in an incense burner. This is the first element of the sacri fice. Then comes the next step. You take a deep bow, usually lower than when greeting your Iola, or in church for that matter, ond with great humi lity bury your entire face inside the wash-tub while way over your head your right hand unerringly clutches the faucet handle and lets go a torrent of water while the left wets your face. You assume again the upright position, rub your palm vsgourously over the soap moistening All of which is only ground on which Pete & Pat it with more water, and just as vi gorously rubbing your palm up and down across face, careful not to get soon into your eyes to avoid pro fanity. Then humbly bowing agon ond dousing your face with the water which has been flowing from the widely opened faucet — there’s plenty of water ot the Metropolitan reservoir and money grow on trees. At this point it should be borne in mind that ALL of the soap suds must be washed off the face othe' wise it will be hard to rid of it espe cially in the cases of dry skins. This is just for women. For men it will not harm very much their lovely complex ion. Warm water will greatly facili tate face-washing besides assuring the riddance of all lather. Then fresh soft water should be splashed on the face several times, just to be sure. Well, the last process of face washing is drying it with a fine soft towel. Be sure it is clean otherwise all the ritual will have been done in vain. Now pad the face tenderly with the towel, then gradually in crease the pressure until it reaches the rubbing stage and release sud denly. Feel that glow? That feeling of possessing a clean face? That's face washing. to acquaint ourselves with the dangerous must tread. Indian chief introducing self to paleface visitor: "I am brave Eagle. This my son Fighting Bird. And this my grandson, Four-Engined-Bomber." 46 THE CROSS GROWING UP I come home that day and met Aling Flora, the lavandera, at the stairs. I stared ot her quizzically as she went past me. She wos red-eyed and silent. I went up. Doray, the maid, was setting the table. "Where's Mama?" I asked. Doray didn't answer Put waved me on to my was puzzled. She had been scolded, I decided. mother's room. She was also red-eyed. I entered the room. My mother was in bed. "Tito," she whispered brokenly, "Ernie..." It dawned then upon me whot it was all about. The red eyes, the silence, ond my mother in bed. I knew. It had happened. I looked at my mother on the bed. She was pale and worn out—o stricken, helpless figure on the bed. I wanted to say something, but I couldn't. I felt suddenly weak and helpless, myself. I sot down by the bed, awkwardly took my mother's Fronds and listened to her broken, halting words. She had gone to the prison, as usual, in a vain attempt to see Ernie. The guards had given her a bundle of clothing and the interpreter hod pityingly told her she need never return again. Her son had been executed the previous day. I looked at the bundle on tfce bed. They were the clothes Ernie had worn the day he was caught by the kempetai. They hqd also returned his wrist-watch, a rosary, and some coins. The halting. broken words stopped. • "He is all right now. Mama, all right now," I mumbled huskily, stroking the pale brow. I was clumsy about it, but that was all I could do. A vicious little rhyme kept running through my brain. Ernie was dead. Ernie was dead. Ernie, my big brother, was dead. I wondered how my father and sisters would take it. Pepa had aged so suddenly ever since that doy Ernie had been dragged away by the kempetai. They would a*l be back soon, my sisters from school and Papa from his office. But till then, I could only sit there by my mother, trying to comfort her in my own awkwaid and clumsy way. And as I sat there stroking my mother's brow while she loy dry-eyed, staring ot me with the scared, wondering look of a hurt child in her eyes, I felt suddenly older than al) my sixteen years. OCTOBER, 1952 47 A glimpse ot an Oriental University A College In Chester Bowles, U. S. Ambassador to India From America Mia M In 1947 Delhi's educational fa cilities were taxed beyond their ca pacity by the influx of refugees re sulting from the partition of Pakistan from Indio. For a while extra shifts ot existing colleges were tried. Final ly the Ministry set up o college in an abandoned Moslem school build ing. In India the Government does not operate colleges directly but part ly subsidizes private institutions and exercises a very general supervision over them. Therefore the Ministry of Education invited educational author ities of the Missouri Province of the Society of Jesus to. send American Jesuits to operate the college. The challenge wos immediately occepted. In the spring of 195) the Jesuits, who already conducted nine wellestablished colleges in other parts of Indio, accordingly returned to the North Central part of Indio. They had not been represented there for centuries, from the time of the sup pression of the Society in the late eighteenth century. To get the enterprise started, on Indion Jesuit priest was despatched to Delhi. Five American Jesuits flew out from the States. They were Fothers Poul F. Smith, Bernord W. Dempsey, John G. Choppesky, Gre gory C. Huger ond Brother John T. Illing. (Fothers A. F. Coomes ond Andrew H. Bachuber ore scheduled to join them this summer. Ed. I They left after early June examinations in Mid-Western universities in 1951 to come to mid-July classes in Delhi's noisy Qutab Rood. The entire Indian faculty, numbering over thirty, was retained. On the very first day of the new classes the student body doubled to over five hundred. The college was renamed "Nirmalo," which meons, in the ancient classical Sonskrit language "Immaculote Lady." Like all Government-aided colleges in the capital, Nirmalo has a parent organization which subsidizes its an nual deficit. The Delhi Jesuit Edu cational Association, a nonprofit cor poration chartered in Delhi State, meets the annual deficit of the col lege. Student tuitions and fees meet less than one-third of the operational costs. The Government aid pays onehalf of instructional costs ond onethird of other costs. The college hos o Boord of Governors composed of 48 THE CROSS educators appointed ond elected from the faculty, and public-spirited citi zens appointed by the University of Delhi. The Governors must operate the college in accordance with the ordinances and statutes of the Uni versity. While o year is too short a time to evaluate a college, university offi cials and responsible Government ad ministrators have nevertheless pro nounced the improvement in admin istration remorkoble. Early in the first term, "Acodemicus," the educa tional editor of the Hindustan Times, wrote: "Already it has begun to look like a college. The boys have begun to conduct themselves with a new sense of dignity. The whole place hos taken on an air of orderliness." Time Magazine pointed out that until last summer Delhi's students were one of its big postwor problems. The location of the college is in one of the noisiest and smelliest bazaars. In this environment the change for the better is all the more noticeable. To corry these improvements still further, officials plan to move the college outside the city to a calmer ond more acodemic atmosphere than thot of the city's marts. Nirmalo College is a constituent college of the University of Delhi. This is a secular university whose over-all supervision comes from the central Government. Nirmola offers college-preparatory work in both the arts and sciences, has a full pre medical course, and has all the usual courses required in an Indian univer sity for the degree of bachelor of arts ond science. In several acod emic fields the master's degree is offered to over thirty students who have enrolled this first year in the graduate program. The broad policy of the Board of Governors is to strengthen and in crease the liberal-arts program. At the same time a careful analysis, bosed upon the wise counsel of Indian industrialists and educators, hos in dicated that one of India's greatest educational needs in collegiate circles is university training in business ad ministration, along the lines so suc cessfully undertaken in American universities. Father Dempsey, who took his doctorate in economics at Harvard, is very well equipped to inaugurate a business-administration program, since he was for some years Regent of the School of Commerce and Finance of St. Louis University. Efficient American business meth ods ond concepts of business integrity can be worked into a basically liberal arts training that will furnish business leaders and public administrators with a supply of competently trained lead ers. Nirmola College, left to its own limited resources, would achieve this ideal in time. However, the Jesuit fathers are endeavoring to secure in creased support from various Amer ican sources so thot the university can respond more rapidly to Indio's present needs. Nirmola and its American Jesuits hove on opportunity to make an im portant contribution by improving ad ministrative practices and procedures in both public ond privote enterprises. OCTOBER, 1952 49 Would I Make a Good Communist? (Points for self-criticism) 1 . Deep and abiding resentment be cause of some injustice (real or imagined l committed myself by my employer, against by the government, the church etc. Unrestrained desire to redress in ganizer, or a writer or o teacher or a leader of o group of sym pathizers". Desire to be identified with o justices (real or imagined) done 3. Impatience with inactivity of established organizations within the state or church. 4 . Inordinate desire to be "useful" in life. Some of my competitors will then be chopped down to size. Neurotic restlessness. Must always be on the go, doing some thing different, trying something 5 . Inordinate desire for social parti cipation. 6. Secret ambition for power and recognition. Frustrated "capitalist". (The mon who had plans for amas A sense of rebellion against authority. (Moy hove begun bock in my school days.) A desire to show off. (Common omong students, journalists ond so called "intellectuals. sing some wealth but who hindered from doing so "through no fault of my own".) 8 . Opportunism. Playing along with the Party or the Front will get me a better 'job or allow me to Escape from the restraints of an overstrict family or community environment. Pessimism os to the value of preserving ond improving so called "Western Civilization". earn some extra money on the side. 9. Ambition to be esteemed in some field where my talents hove up until now not been recognized. Example: Now I con be on or Exaggerated racialism. (Sensi tive about the color of my skin; "Pon Asionism," "Anti-lmperiolism", "Anti-Colonialism".) Too laxy to contribute anything positive to solve social problems. Willing to take the easier way 50 THE CROSS of revolution where others do the plonning, the regimenting, the leoding. 19. Overcoming a feeling of frustra tion by personal reintegration thru Party octivity. 20. Desire to spy on others; be a member ’of some secret under ground movement or club. 21 . Sense of guilt of having an un earned fortune (peculiar to cer tain wealthy people). 22. Recognition in my own family, school, office or foctory by be coming a nuisance or a "reform" agitator. ,23. Thrill seeking to overcome bore dom (peculiar to idle rich). 24. Desire to dominate others thru the use of one's fortune by help ing the "good work of the Party, (peculiar to certain wealthy 25. Dislike for organized religion because of some misunderstand ing with a priest or sister. ' This may gradually lead to hatred of religibn and finolly to Atheism. 26. Dislike for the Catholic church os such. (Peculiar to some Aglipayans and some Protestants.) 27. The thrill of the sense of my own personal importance for the peo ple, the "people's party," the "people's revolution" etc. hence" personal deification. 28. Sentimental humanitarianism os a substitute for "dogmatic" reli gion. The "do-gooder complex". 29. Soul hunger. Peculiar to Catho lics who are losing their faith, not frequenting the socraments or who hove already stopped practicing their religion. (All men must have some religion even if it is Communism.) 30. Trying to make a heaven on earth hence ever growing at tachment to money ond the ■things money can buy. This brings up the question of the "Psychologically inadequate wage" os distinct from the liv ing wage. All men hove to con trol their greed; for "the more we get the more we want". We must leorn to be detached from material things-:-"blessed ore the poor in spirit". The best protection against propaganda of any sort is the complete recognition of it for what it is. Only hidden and undetected oratory is insidious. What reaches the heart without going through the mind is likely to bounce back and put the mind out of business. Propaganda taken in that way is like a drug you do not know you are swallowing. The effect is mysterious. You do not know afterwards why you feel or think the way you do. From How to Read a Book, by Mortimer J. Adler (Simon ond Schuster). OCTOBER, 1952 51 (2 £ette>l to Tftotkei Agnes Holden From Catholic Digest Dearest Mother: Soon I am to be a bride. I know that you hove looked -forward for years to this great decision of my life, with a mixture of longing and fear. Now I can set your heart ot rest, for I have chosen to give my heart to one I have known since I wos o child, ond whom you hove known for longer thon I. Of course I love him very much. No woman could leave all thot I leove to cast her lot with ony lover, except thot she loves him. But I have learned to core for him be cause his affection for me was so evident long before I responded to We were such close neighbors thot we saw each other every day. And he was so generous. Every time we met, he had some gift to give me. Sometimes it was only a flower, or even just a loving look and a smile, but it seemed to bright en my whole day. I know thot you can understand these things, Mother, because I know how much you like to talk with him. too. He is so understanding. And he is so kind. Whenever one of us was ill, he would come to see us. Just having him there mode us feel better and happier, ond even after he left, something of his se rene ohd quiet manner would Stoy with us. He is hondsome, too. I am glad, because every girl wants to be proud in every woy of the partner she has chosen to shore her life. His ex pression is gentle, yet manly too, and no one needs to fear him unless they do wrong, far he does hate wrong doing ond sin. Yet even then, he is so willing to pardon, to forgive ond help, that those who ore weak can come to him, sure that he will not fail them. He is strong, ond when he is near, I know that whatever burdens life may bring, some of his strength will reach out to me, ond make me strong, too. I know that he will protect me through all things in life, ond that no harm can come to me while he is near. He comes from a splendid family. 52 THE CROSS I love his mother especially. She is so deor and sweet, and she has fought me in so many ways how to do little things for him to moke him happy. Of course, I knew her and loved her for so many years before I realized the depth of her son's love for me — the love thot would so enfold me os to cause me to choose him os my partner for oil the days of my life — thot I feel quite ot ease with her. And it is so nice to know thot she approves of his choice, ond loves me too. She is o great and gracious lady, and I know -thot she will always help me to please her son and to moke him happy. He won my heort in so many little ways, thot I find it hard to put them into words. He chose even; small opportunity to whisper his love and longing to me. At first I scarcely listened; for although I wos hoppy when I wos with him, still I liked the excitement and gaiety of the parties thot others took me to — parties thot he never seemed to at tend. But after a while I began to tire of the empty excitement — it oil seemed rather futile. And although ot first his way of life seemed dull, I began to realize thot with the steady, abiding flame of his love for warmth and light ond comfort, it would be o woy of happiness and peace that few women have. He did not promise me freedom from core, but he did pledge his love ond loyalty, ond his help. He did not promise me material riches, but he gove me his word that to gether we would build o happiness thot nothing could change or spoil. Whot woman's heart would not be touched and thrilled with promises like these? At last I could put him off no longer. I knew that I must moke my decision. And so one day as he whispered his sweet words of love to me, I yielded, for I knew that wherever he went I would follow, no matter how for, no matter how rough the path. You must come to see us very soon. I sholl be so happy to show you the home thot he has prepared for me. It is such a joy to keep the rooms clean ond cheery, thot he moy find rest and hoven here. I think you will be proud and happy when you see me dressed in my white wedding dress, to pronounce my bridol vows at the altar. I know you will be proud ond happy over the choice that I have made. For mine is a splendid marriage, ond a glorious privilege. I am to marry a .King, to be His queen and His bride forever. His name is Jesus Christ. Yes, Mother, I am going to be a nun. I must leave you now, for every bride goes into her husband's house. But I want you to know thot I am not less your daughter, now that I leove you, but more. For Christ takes our treasures from us only to return them to use, more our Own, and far more to be cherished than before. With much love, Margaret. OCTOBER, 1952 53 Having an Inferiority Complex? L. M. Merrill From The Ligourian The term "inferiority complex," drown from the language of psychia try, has been used to cover a mult:tude of sorry-looking character de fects, and even, at times, to excuse and defend them. People who would resent the charge that they are men tally weak, or in need of the atten tion of a psychiatrist, are nevertheless inclined to welcome the half-veiled sympathy that accompanies the state ment that the root of their troubles is on "inferiority complex." Here are some of the bad character traits that are obscured by such pseudo-scien tific jargon. 1 . Sometimes what is called an inferiority complex is nothing other than cowardice. Cowardice means running from a task or duty because it is hard, requires effort, demands sacrifices. There is nothing wrong mentally with the coward; often as not he is very sharp and shrewd; he knows just what it will cost him to do his duty, and he decides not to pay the price. He should not be honored by being told that he is the victim of an inferiority complex. Rather he should be aroused to a sense of duty by religious motives, backed by a reasonable amount of respect for his good name and the opinion of others. 2. In other instances, what is called sympathetically an inferiority complex is but undisciplined vanity. Vain peop'e often reach a point where they are so concerned over their reputation or their fear of not coming up to their own expectations of their abilities that they simply give up trying to accomplish any thing. Such people will usually be found to be gravely critical of others' deeds, while they do nothing them selves. This is not an inferiority complex, but rather a superiority com plex. They do not want to take o chance of not being recognized for the geniuses they think they are. 3. A third weakness that may at times be attributed to an inferiority complex is simply sloth. A man at 54 THE CROSS tempts nothing ond accomplishes nothing because he is lazy and un willing to work. Instead of pointing out the ugliness of sloth, which is obviously the moral weakness respon sible for his idleness, too many peo ple honor him by giving an unscien tific" appraisal of inferiority complex. The slothful man is usually glad to accept thot designation in lieu of the true one, and to go on enjoying his idleness. Something of the general weakness of all psychiatry is.evident here. In its origins and among some of its practitioners, it has covered over moral weaknesses that have plain, down-to-earth names and ready re medies with erudite terms that make the moral weakling think that he is merely the helpless victim of a pop ular disease. There are mental dis eases, but they are not the some os moral weaknesses. The country boy, watching his first game of golf, was amused at the heroic efforts of a man in a sand trap to extricate himself. Finally the man belted the boll just right and dropped it on the green and rolled into the hole. "Gosh," chuckled the boy, "he's going to hove a hord time getting out of that one." "Have o good night?" the hostess asked sweetly of the house guest who had slept on a couch. "Fairly good," he answered promptly. "I got up from time to time and rested." "After all," said the bass tells you when. The philosopher, "vacations are eosy to plan, wife tells you where. —Houghton Line The According to Quote, Albert Einstein, in the course of a newspaper interview, offered his idea of success in the following formula: "If o is success in life, I should say that the formula is a equals x plus y plus z, x being work, and y being ploy. "And what is z?" asked the reporter. "That," wos the answer, given with a smile, "is keeping your mouth shut." OCTOBER, 1952 55 The Bible—A Catholic Book Thomas E. Kissling From the Columbia Commemoroting the 500th onmversory of the first book printed from movable type—the Gutenberg Bible —o special Catholic Bible Week will be observed throughout the United States, September 28 to October 5. The occasion will also mork the great est accomplishment to dote of Ameri can Cotholic Biblical scholarship—a translation of the Bible from the orig inal languages—by members of the Cotholic Biblicai Association of Amer ica, under the patronage of the Bish ops' Committee of the Confraternity of Christian Doctrine. The first vol ume, due off the press during Bible Week, will contain eight books of the Old Testament. Catholic participation in the nation wide observance of Bible Week will feature Bible exhibits and programs in libraries, schools and the press, with the slogan: "A Catholic Bible in Every Catholic Home." It wos the devout Cotholic, Johann Gutenberg, and his invention of print ing 500 years ago, that made it possible for every family to have its own copy of the Bible. Before that time, it wos the holy monks, with their great love for the Word of God, who laboriously copied by hand the words of the Bible, working daily from dawn until dork. But for them, we would have no Bible. These vol umes copied by hand indeed proved for too expensive and too few for popular use. But in the first fifty years following the invention of print ing, 124 editions of the Latin Vulgate (os translated about 400 A.D. by St. Jerome) appeared from the early presses. Gutenberg Chose the Bible It was not surprising that Guten berg, good Catholic that he wos, chose the Bible as the first book to come from his printing press. He was born Johann Gensfleisch, about 1400, in Mainz (Moyence), Germany. His father, Friele Gensfleisch, who died in 1418, was a city tax official and his mother, Else Wirichzum Gutenberg, died about 1433. Since she was the last of her line, her eldest son, Johann, assumed her sur name, the custom' of the time. 56 THE CROSS From documents still extant, we know that Johann Gutenberg lived as a member of the Third Order of St. Francis, while engaged in the ex periments that brought about his in vention of printing. In one document written by him in 1434, he mentions that he lived at the Franciscan Con vent of St. Arbogast, in Strasbourg. He is also listed on the membership book of St. Victor Brotherhood, of Mainz, and in their list of deceased members (undated). A letter written February 26, 1468, indicates that he died in either January or February, 1468. A book printed in 1499 men tions that he wos buried in the Fran ciscan Church, across the street from his print shop in Mainz. The church was destroyed in 1742, and all trace of his tomb wos lost. Because of political activities, Gutenberg's family was forced to settle for a while in Strasbourg (1430) Court records here and in Mainz (1448) show thot he was sued for not divulging to his two partners the "mysterious process" involving the "use of lead." He apparently bor rowed huge sums of money to further his experiments in "artificial writing" and was sued for repayment. Most authorities seem agreed that the print ing of his first Bible, which he began in 1450, was completed by 1455, for in that year he was sued by Johann Fust (or Foust), o goldsmith and money-lender who claimed that he, as a partner, wos to have a share in Gutenberg's "work of the books," and demanded the return of the money and all printing tools and equipment. The result was that Fust took over the business and actually marketed the Bible, selling the first copies as genuine manuscripts. Of an estimated edition of 200 copies—165 on paper and 35 in vol ume—only 45 copies of what is now known as the Gutenberg Bible have been found and of these only 21 arc perfect, the others being incomplete. It is also known as the "42-line Bible" because it hos on each page, two 42-line columns, 3 7/16 inches wide and o column length of 1 I *1 /8 inches. The size of the volume varies according to the fancy of the binder; some of the early bindings are 15 3/4 inches high and 11 1/2 inches wide A perfect copy com prises 641 leaves (1282 pages). Nc date or place of printing or printer appears on the work. A two-volume edition in the Bibliotheque Nationole, in Paris, bears the date (1456) signed by the’illuminator on the day he completed his work. In the first days of printing the pub lisher sold, not a completely assem bled book, but a set of gathered ond folded printed sheets. The purchaser took these to - his own bookbinder and then the bound volume was taken to a "rubricator" who lettered in the chapter headings in colors in ink, painted in some inital letters and added certain pen strokes to capitol letters in the text. For an additional fee, on "illuminator" would execute OCTOBER, 1952 57 m gold or colors certain morginol decRubricotion, illumination ond binding would easily take six months to complete. The Gutenberg Bible as such was cpparently lost tc the record of scholars until it wos found in 1763 by the noted bibliographer, Francois Guillaume de Bure, in the Cardinal Mazarin library in Paris. Because of the publicity given to the discovery it was known for a time os the Mazarin Bible". It is bound in two volumes in 18th century red moroc co and is a perfect copy on paper. Two Copies in Catholic Hands Of the 45 copies of the Guten berg Bible, one census lists only two copies in Catholic hands, although most of them were originally in the libraries of monasteries in Europe. Both of these copies are incomplete and are preserved in the Vatican Library. A two-volume copy with six leaves missing, was acquired by the Vatican Library, in 1901, from the Barberini Library. Another edi tion on paper, (Volume One only) with nine leaves missing, was ac quired by the Vatican Library, in 1921, from the library of Cavaliere Giovanni Francesco De Rossi, from Linz, near Viena. An original leaf of this first printed Bible, the gift of His Eminence Francis Cardinal Spellman of New York, reposes in the library of St. Bonaventure University, a Fronciscan institution at St. Bona venture, N. Y. In his census of copies of the Gutenberg Bible, compiled in 1950 by Edward Lozore for the "Anti quarian Bookman," there are twelve countries represented: United States, 12; Germany, 1 1; Great Britain, 8; France, 4; Spain, 2; Vatican State, 2; Austria, 1; Denmark, 1; Poland, 1 ; Portugal, 1; Scotland, 1; Switzerland, 1. Of the twelve listed in the United States, five ore perfect. Visitors to New York are indeed fortunate in having available there ot least six copies of the Gutenberg Bible, as follows: three in the Pierpont Morgan Library (one perfect); one perfect copy at the private library of Carl H. Pforzheimer; an imperfect copy at the New York Public Library ond an imperfect copy at the Gen eral Theological Seminary. (One compiler lists a copy in possession of Charles Scribners, Publishers). A perfect copy on paper, formerly in the library of the Benedictine Monastery of Melk, Austria, is now in the Yale University Library, New Haven, Conn. Another perfect copy on paper, now in the Widener Memorial Library ot Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., was bequeathed in 1471 by Father Johann Vlyegher, of Utrecht, to the Monastery of Soest, near Amersfoort, Holland. Other copies (imperfect) are in private libraries at Queens town, Md., Titusville, Pa., and San Morino, California. Best preserved copy of all, ond the only one of the 45 which is bound in three volumes, is the perfect copy on vellum, in the Librory of Congress, 58 THE CROSS in Washington, D. C. Bound in white calf, stamped in blind, it bears the binder's date of 1560, is valued at more than $1,000,000, and said to be the most valuable book in the world. It was acquired by the Lib rary of Congress in 1893 os part of the Vollbehr collection of 3,000 books of 15th century printing, purchased by the United States Government for $1,500,000. This Bible was formerly owned by the Benedictine monks of St. Blasius, in the Black Forest of Germany. In July, 1769, the precious volumes were nearly lost forever, when a dis astrous fire destroyed the cloister and library there. The abbot saved these and a few other prized codices by throwing them out the window. Not only fire but wars have threatened the safety of these volumes. During the Napoleonic Wars the monks found it necessary to flee with their mon astic treasures to the Abbey of St. Paul, in the valley of the Lavant, in Carinthia. The three-volume Gut enberg Bible remained there until 1926, when it was purchased by Dr. Otto F. H. Vollbehr, of Berlin, for $305,000. A special cabinet made for the Library of Congress, and mo deled after one designed by Michel angelo for d Florentine Library, now exhibits the precious volumes to thou sands of visitors to Washington each year. During his visit to the United States, in October, 1936, His Holi ness Pope Pius XII, the then Cardinal Secretary of State, Eugenio Pacelli, spent some time with Librarian Put nam viewing the famous copy of the Guttenberg Bible. The library also possesses a large oil portrait of Guten berg, the work of an unknown Rhen ish artist, the gift of Mr. Gabriel Wells. In the New York Public Library is Edward Laning's mural of Gutenberg in his printshop showing a proof of his work to his patron, the Elector of Mainz. It is this painting which will be reproduced on a three-cent commemorative postage stamp of the United States to be released on Sep tember 30—the Feast of St. JeTome —bearing the legend: "500th Anni versary of the printing of the first book, The Holy Bible, from movable type, by Johann Gutenberg." The philatelic event will coincide with the national observance of Bible Week. Father Henry Gunther, pastor of St. Christopher's Church at Mainz, staunch friend of Gutenberg, who aided him in putting the sheets through the press, is not shown in this painting. Strassburg, Mainz and Frankfurt have erected worthy monuments to Johann Gutenberg. The Gutenberg Museum in Mainz has a reconstructed press and print .shop of the inventor. All of the Gutenberg documents thus far brought to light have been trans lated into English (from the work of Dr. Karl Schorbach) by Douglas C. McMurtrie, of Evanston, III., noted authority on the history of printing. Monuments, museums, books, postOCTOBER, 1952 59 oge stamps in his honor—yes; but his greatest monument is his first printed book, the 42-line Bible. As the editor of the "Antiquarian Bookman" has said: "No other art, craft or science reached such a degree of perfection as did Gutenberg with his printing of his first complete book, the 42-line Bible. It has stood the test of 500 years and it is still a triumph and a monument to the man." Indeed, "No honor is too great to pay the man who was chiefly responsible for the most epochal of I SAW CHRIST Francis Cardinal Spellman / saw Christ standing before me on o little hill Beheld Him there all wounded and forlorn And this was Christmas and the place, Korea, And mine the privilege to offer Sacri fice Amid the strange choiring of batteries And stuttering machine guns amid the quiet ranks Of men whose business was to play with Death, To gamble Life—men who knew the But still must wondering ask Whot many bock ot home ore asking These long drear months—"What is the purpose Of this holocaust?" Must we the greatest of The freeborn world appease with our sons' blood This horde already crimsoned with a r.ation s rape? I turned from silent faces to the shaken ridge And there saw Christ, the sorrowful, who wept Outside the city that would not receive Its Saviour and His face was drawn With all the agonizing pain of those Who crawled .atop that granite altar Men now called Heartbreak Ridge. I held Him in my hands and prayed His mercy on the living and the dead. For friend and foe I prayed, for well I know The guilty are not dying at the front. The noble die, like Christ upon the hill. The noblest here pay Freedom's fullest price They die—that we may live! 60 THE CROSS There's an ad that's always hung up WANTED: IDEA MEN Antonio Joaquin “Boss, may I osk you a question?" queried Johnny. “Sure," replied the advertising “Well, you see sir, I hove been working here for about six months now and I still don't get enough salary to moke both ends meet." "You should hove told me that long ago, before you even accepted the job!" cried his boss. "When I came here I thought the salary was reasonable, but lately, you see," hesitated Johnny, "I noticed thot Mr., Taylor, who just joined us three months ago, working only three hours a day, gets P350.00 a week, while I, working eight hours a doy get one third his solory;" vehemently declared Johnny. "Young mon," chided the man ager, "if you con do the job he is doing in a shorter length of time. I'll give you double his salary!" Fictitious? Of course not. People just don't get to know what an ad vertising agency is, and for that, motter, any kind of. lucrative business. The core of any prosperous enterMotion pictures, industrial firms, mining con cerns, the merchant marine, science, and other formidable enterprises are in need of men with IDEAS—con structive ones; something different. An account executive in an qg&ncy should have a nodding acquaintance with all the branches in that field. The Art department is under his su pervision. He must have a working knowledge of colors, layouts, arid balance in -a layout. The Radio de partment depends mainly on the ac count executive for the copy; thot is, whot to include and how to set up an od smartly. He is the person who approves of things abcording to his standards, experiences, and talNatalie Kalmus, the only woman adviser on motion picture photo graphy, is mainly responsible for a number of academy awords in Holly wood. Abe Burrows, noted critic, litterateur, and gag writer, dill/ dallys around his home everyday keep ing no regular office hours; (his den is located ot the NBC studios) his job is to think of new twists for old jokes, new angles for old moterial. OCTOBER, 1952 61 Two yeors ogo, he re-wrote the script of Damon Runyon's "Of Guys ond Dolls" and put it on the stage. It is still being shown on Broadway today. Robert Q. Lewis, was just on in significant boy at the NBC studios several years ago, and little did the manager think that the lad possessed a brilliant imagination. One night, when a member of a "soap-opera" team failed to show up. Bob Lewis immediately "pinch-hitted" for the port and won not only the acclaim of the producer of the ploy but also NBC's station manager. From that time on, he had a job as "all around man" of NBC. It is amazing to note that this Lewis fellow who wos a nobody a few years back, is now the most valuable man in the studio. Owing to the uniqueness of the job, Robert Q. (as he is commonly known around the station) does not have any regular show. He just hangs oround the NBC lot and pinch—its, emcees, produces, directs, sings, and even handles the controls if the tech nician doe'sn't feel well. In other words, he is a regular trouble-shooter. His last "pinch-hitting" task for the Arthur Godfrey show (Art hos alloted to him three months vacation per annum) made him so popular that Art had to leave Hbwaii sooner for fear of losing his job. That last remark is of course a joke among NBCers because Bob and Art are the best of friends. Without going very far, we con talk obout people here in the Philip pines—here in Manila. Joe Reyes, the former script writer of "Compus Capers" the Filipino counterpart of a Jack Benny Show or a Bing Crosby Show in the States, is now a "jingle" man—that is, one who composes a few lines of verse and melody in order to advertise a product. After the short (three months) career of "Campus Capers" he joined promotion compony which broke up sooner than they expected. He was the "idea" man in that outfit. Then with four mouths to feed he got him self a scripters job at DZBC. Of and on he records jingles which brings him a small amount of talent fees quite helpful for the family. It has been a general observation that younger generations bosically have countless fresh ideas. Besides, they will be the pistons that will drive the machine of civilization in the future. Jet pilots are regulorly tested and retested in order to find signs of muscle weakening, or other faults that wouid disqualify him from flying. It all boils down to youth. The merchant seamen will soon hove a provision stating that masters of vessels should be young and healthy. Today, New York officials see to it that the older policemen are placed behind desks while the younger ones do the beat-pounding. The dean of studies and the dean of discipline in some of the southern universities before taking office are thoroughly screened and questioned regarding 62 THE CROSS their outlook on life—whether they they belong to the "old school." In other words, the school officials set a pre-requisite that actually demands: YOUNG BLOOD. The younger gen eration will do the state much good by taking their chosen profession seriously and by using their talents to the utmost. They can be the IDEA men of tomorrow! It seems to me that the gravest trouble confronting us today is not Communism—although by na means a lesser evil. The gravest problem is the young people—the fresh uni versity graduates. The gist of the trouble brewing in the youth's minds, nowadays can be summed up in the short tale of Sociology Professor Carr B. Lovell of George Washington Uni versity. He relates: "One doy, I took one of my students fishing. He was a bril liant student, president of his class. o big man on the campus, evident ly with a bright future in his chosen field, medicine. He said that me dicine looked lucrative. In the bracing oir I asked him why he had gone to medicine and whot he was going to do as a doctor. He said that he would like to get into the specialty that offered biggest fees. "You see, I om just like anyone else," said the student. I just want to prepare myself so thot I can get the most out of it for me. I hope to make a lot of money in a hurry. I'd like ta re tire in about ten years and do the things I really want to do." "And what," I asked, "are those?" The brilliant student replied, "Oh, fish ing, traveling, taking it easy!" Youth is the hope of the natign, but it sometimes stinks with material ism—Ed. ALL EVEN A man who was fond of playing practical jokes sent a friend a telegram, charged collect, which read: "I am perfectly well." About a week later the joker received a heavy package on which he was required to pay very considerable postage. Opening it, he found a big block of concrete on which was pasted the message: "This is the weight your telegram lifted from my mind." — Kraftsman A local motron trying to maneuver her sedan out of a parking space banged into the car head, then into a cor behind ond finally, pulling into the street, struck a passenger delivery truck. A policeman approached her ond demanded: "Let's see your license!" "Don't be silly, officer," she said archly. "Who'd give me a license? ' OCTOBER, 1952 63 MOTION PICTURE GUIDE I. Classification of newly released pictures CLASS A Section I—Morally Unobjectionable for General Patronage Army Bound — Monogram Assignment in Paris — Columbio Because You're Mine — M G M Bonzo Goes to College — Univ. Int. Dead Man's Trail — Monogram Duel at Silver Creek, The — Univ. Int. Feudin' Fools — Monogram Section II—Morally Breakdown — Realort Pictures Captain Black Jock (British) — Classic Pictures Caribbean — Paramount Devil Makes Three, The — MGM Fourposter, The — Columbio Franchise Affair, The (British) —Monogram Dreomboot — 20th Century Fox Eight Iron Men — Columbia Just for You — Paramount Laughing Lady (British) — Four Con tinental Films Kid From Broken Gun — Columbio Jungle, The — Lippert Prod. Last Train from Bombay — Columbia Old Oklahoma Plains — Republic Thundering Coravans — Republic Wogon Team — Columbia Will Roger's Story, The — Warners Unobjectionable for Adults Les Miserables — 20th Century Fcx Lost in Alaska — Univ. Int. Meiry Widow, The — MGM Son of Ali Babo — Univ. Int. Spider and The Flay, The (British) - - Bell Pictures Sudden Fear — R K O Stronger in Between, The (British) — Univ. Int. Untamed Frontier — Univ. Int. What Price Glory — 20th Century Fox Woman of the North Country — Republic CLASS B Morally Objectionable in Part for All GOLDEN HAWK, THE — Columbia Objection: Suggestive situations; light treatment of morriage. YOU FOR ME — MGM Objection: Reflects the acceptability of divorce. SON OF PALEFACE — Paramount Objection: Suggestive costumina. dialogue ond situations. 64 THE CROSS CLASS C Condemned STROLLERS, THE (French) — Discino-International Films Corp. Objection: This picture in the story it tells seriously offends Christian and traditional standards of morality ond decency. II. Classification of pictures currently shown in Manila Class A-1—Morally Unobjectionable for General Patronage Run 2nd Run WHEN IN ROME TREASURE OF LOST CANYON THE DALTON GANG THE LAST MUSKETEER RED BALL EXPRESS HOODLUM EMPIRE ASSIGNMENT IN BRITTANY CORVETTE K-225 MAGIC BOW BATTLE OF THE APACHE PASS RETREAT HELL Closs A-11—Morally Unobjectionable for Adults 1 st Run PAT AND MIKE RED PLANET MARS ACTORS AND SIN SCARAMOUCHE STEEL TOWN FORGED PASSPORT HIGH NOON FINDERS KEEPERS WHAT PRICE GLORY THREE FOR BEDROOM C RAGING TIDE LOVELY TO LOOK AT DREAMBOAT 2nd Run YOU WERE NEVER LOVELIER F.B.I. GIRL DARLING HOW COULD YOU RHUBARB INVITATION RED MOUNTAIN GROOM WORE SPURS Class B—Morally Objectionable in Part for All I st Run 2nd Run OUTLAW WOMEN PAISAN THE LION AND THE HORSE STRANGE WORLD DON'T BOTHER TO KNOCK THE BRIGAND MACAO TRAFFIC IN CRIME ! ’ IMPORTANT ! I Christians.... slumber not...! Fight for our TRUE FAITH against the MOCKERS, the ROARING LION (the many BULAANG IGLES1A) who seduce many..! Propagate our: “SARADONG KATOL1KO ROMANO KAMI”. It is one of our strong WEAPONS (in Tagalog) against them. And our New LEAFLET: “ANGHEL IJA O HARING SOLOMON SI FELIX MANALO?” In it the FACT about the MANY WOMEN Raped and Taken Advantage by Felix Manalo (Rosita’s English LETTER trans lated into Tagalog). A good LESSON also for the WOMEN. Both by Lino D. Javier, and both available at the: Catholic Trade School — BOOKMARK — Liberia San Pablo 1916 Oroquieta,—15 Banquero & Escolta,—531 F. B. Harrison St., Manila — Manila — Manila Or write and inclose one peso and eighty centavos (Pl.80, money order) for both copies to: MRS. ELISEA IJ. JAVIER Dinalupihan, Bataan. Subscribe to THE VOICE OF FATIMA An official organ of the Sanctuary and the Cru saders of Fatima. A four page publication, it will give you the latest news on the only hope of the world, the devotion to Our Lady of Fatima. 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