Rare Periodicals

Woman's Home Journal

Media

Part of Woman's Home Journal

Title

Woman's Home Journal

Description

Official Publication of the National Federation of Women's Clubs of the Philippines

Issue Date

Volume XVII (Issue No. 9) July 1946

Publisher

National Federation of Women's Clubs of the Philippines

Language

English

Subject

Women's periodicals.

Rights

Place of publication

Manila

extracted text

GALA FASHION ACADEMY AUTHORIZED BY THE GOVERNMENT DAY & NIGHT CLASSES' DRESSMAKING MEN'S TAILORING EMBROIDERY HAIR SCIENCE BEAUTY CULTURE GALA BUSINESS SCHOOL AUTHORIZED BY THE GOVERNMENT DAY & NIGHT CLASSES TYPEWRITING CLERICAL COURSE STENOGRAPHY BUSINESS ENGLISH BOOKKEEPING PENMANSHIP YGNACIA T. YAMZON DIRECTRESS Our g:rduates ail over the counlry never failed in their profession. They are the person­ ification of efficiency, ability, and success in their respective lines. Why? Because they are the embodiment of perfection ip cleanli­ ness, smartness, style, and refinement, in their finish jobs in dressmaking, embroidery, etc. 634 Isabel, Sampaloc (In front of U.S.T.) BRANCH: 1098 R. Hidalgo With Dormitories for our Students. FOR PARTICULARS Clip This Coupon GALA FASHION ACADEMY k Please send me a copy of your prospectus with­ out. any obligation on my part. Name .............. ....................................... ;..................... Address .......................................................................... Woman’s Home Journal »OQQQQOQOOQOOQQQOOOOOGQQOOQ300030000©3000300QOQGOOOOOQOOOGC50C0300QC>OOOOOOOQOOOOOOQOOOOOOOOOQOOOOQC We Have Faith In The PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC/ LVX PICTURES, INC. Now Available: * “Orasang Gdnto” • “Tagumpay” ♦ “Garrison 13" • “Angelus” < “Ala-ala Kita” Offices: 822 Quezon Blvd. 43 Broadway Studios: 8 Central Blvd. Coming: • “A la din” 6Trincipeng Hindi Tumaltawa” • “Voice Of Freedom” • “Dalawang Daigdig” • “Collaborator” • “Dormitoriana” • “Talisman” • “'Dalaguinding” JULY. IBM PAGE I July 1946 Woman’s Home Journal Contents (Official Organ of the National Federation of Women’s Clubs) Vol. XVII, No. 9 July, 1946 Board of Editors Trinidad Femandez-Legarda Paz Poiicarpio-Mendez Geronima T. Pecson Enrique Fa R. Benavides Managing Editor Minerva G. Laudico Associate Editor Paciencio Torre-Guzman Advertising Department Ramon E. Medina E. R. Knapp Cali to Action Trinidad Femandez-Legarda This Month’s Issue THE MESSAGE of the President of the Phil­ ippines to the Woman’s Home Journal came under rather special circumstances. We had hardly thought of it when it came like manna, thanks to the gracious offices of Press Secretary Modesto Farolan. In its wake came the permis­ sion to reprint in full the First Lady’s first pub­ lic address. Incidentally, His Excellency’s mes­ sage is, in a way, a definition of his stand on the role of women—an issue on which he has often been misquoted with dire results. Before the election, this topic afforded the women much cud. to chew. The Journal takes pride in record­ ing faithfully this opinion as it comes verbatim from Mhlacanan. From the President to the Woman's Home Journal............ 6 From the First Lady to the Women 7 The Women Sound Off On Independence ............................... 8 The Piano (Short Story) .................. ; 10 Estrella Alfon-Rivera Gallant Lady ............................................ || A. P. L. Symbol of Women's Activities ...................................... 12 Man on Strike .............................. 13 Loreto Paras-Sulit The Philippine Red Cross ......................................................... 14 R. R. de la Cruz The Good River .............................................................................. 15 N. V. M. Gonzales Dependence and Independence ..................................................... 16 L. V. Reyes Woman's Role .................................................................................... 17 Asuncion A. Perez Two of the Season's Brides ........................................................... 18 New and Fascinating .................................................................... 19 Tabte Talk and Fashion Trivia ............................... 21 CALL TO ACTION is the clarion sounded by Mrs. Trinidad Femandez-Legarda, President of the National federation of Woman’s Clubs to the clubwomen all over the Philippines. Her message gains sparkling vigor with knowing her better. Symbol of Women’s Activities (p.29) Club Women's Bulletin Board .......................... 22-23 Women in Their Lives ........................................................................ E. R. Benavides 24 Woman’s Home Journal is edited and published by the Women’s Publishers, Inc., at 1055 Soler, Ramon Roces Bldg., Manila, Philippines. Telephone: 8-64-23. Subscription Rates: one year P3.00; two years P5.00. PAGE 4 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL Call to Action qiHE NATIONAL FEDERATION OF WOMEN’S CLUBS is one of the or1 ganizations which suffered most from the war. Still staggering under the im­ pact of its loss, it is exerting every effort to make a fresh start, to reouild something out of nothing except the cheerful courage and determination of its members who have a legitimate pride in the uninterrupted record of twenty-five years service to the country by this organization. Records and equipment it has none for they were all burned and destroyed. Its spacious club-house war razed to the ground and only the empty piece of land on which it stood remains as a mute tes timony of the once bustling center of wo­ men's activities in the Philippines. What little money tnere was m the treasury was spent during the occupation for the succor and relief of war prisoners and internees, war widows and orphans. Yet all this physical loss is nothing compared to our greater loss ip the death of our former president, Mrs. Josefa Llanes Escoda, than whom a braver and no­ bler woman our organization has yet to know. The deeds of unselfish daring and bravery which she and her handful of volunteers performed during the war, from the time the enemy entered our land till the day she was taken prisoner by the mi­ litary authorities, constitute a golden page in the annals of the Federation. So uni­ versal is the recognition her work that the General Federation of Women's Clubs of America with which our organization is affiliated, upon learning of our decision to rebuild our club-house as a fitting memorial in her honor, promptly included this project in its outline of activities for the coming year. The example given by Mrs. Escoda should inspire all of us to try our utmost in rebuilding the organization under whose banner she identified herself and her activities so that it will not only be the biggest woman’s organization in the Philip­ pines but also the true exponent of Filipino womanhood. For the present, due to our lack of funds, we have to make the best out of a precarious situation by limiting our activities to those that will be helpful in our post-war needs and yet will not necessitate a big outlay of money. We are aware of the many things that we can do and should do, but unless we rehabilitate our own clubs first, there will not be much that we can accomplish. There are today more than six hund red woman’s clubs with an aggregate mem­ bership of approximately 600,000 women, all over the Philippines. This formid­ able group, representing the best women in every community, should provide us with an inexhaustible source for leadership in every thing that vitally concerns the welfare of women and children, the home and our flag. Thru the pages of this post-liberation issue of the Woman’s Home Journal, a clarion call is sounded to all the members of the Federation to reactivate their clubs and get them started in their program of activities immediately. Time is precious; none of us can afford to shut herself up in an Ivory Tower like the princesses of old, nor to sit unconcernedly on a high horse and relegate the task to only a few when there is work for all of us to do. Our country has as much need for our services, today, if not more, as in yester years. Now that we are a member of the confederation of free nations, thru the noble gesture of the United States of America, we should take cognizant of the new duties and obligations, the new sacrifices and resolution, which each and every one of us is expected to fulfill if we are to survive our new role. Knowing the unlimited resources and resourcefulness of our people when they have their backs turned to the wall, let us keep faith that the future will merge harmoniously with our glorious past. TRINIDAD FERNANDEZ LEGARDA President, National Federation of Women’s Clubs 1Y, 1944 PAGE 5 His Excellency Manuel Roxas shown taking his oa th of office as President of the Philippines on May 28, 1946, flanked by his mother and wife. From The PRESIDENT To The WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL MALACAlNiAN PALACE Manila Marvil * ! Jun * 14, 1946. I aim glad to see the WOMAN'S HOME JOURNAL revived. I take fit as a significant sign that we are at work on the road to recovery. I believe in the Filipino woman and the very important nolle she p’ays in our national life. and economy. Without unnecessarily encroaching in the fields where men have allways been active and useful, the Filipino wioman can carry on with the warik assigned her by her iroaltune and destiny. Heir positive effort in the per­ formance of family duties and oiv*ic responsibilities can fa­ cilitate the restoration of a Stable and progressive order which allene can ne?|eiase ouir creative energies and1 fulfill our highest possibilities as a Christian and democra­ tic community. MANUEL ROXAS President of the Philippines PAOI S WOMAN'S HOME JOURNAL From The First Lady to The First Lady, with Mrs. McNutt beside her, is shown deliver­ ing her first public address to the women. The Women Dear Ladies: T< WOULD rather face a den of lions than make a speech. JL Ordinarily my husband and I have an agreement on this point. He makes the speech in public and I make them in the privacy of our home. HOWEVER, I feel that this is an exceptional occasion, and I know of no more worthy group to test my courage than this one. This is a group which specializes in courage... not that courage to make speeches, but the courage to do things, noble and brave things. The accomplishments of the Volunteer Social Aid Committee during the war and the liberation are Accomplishments to make every Filipino citizen proud, and to make every person associated in any way with this organization glad and happy in that distinction. YOU have rendered your country a great service. It will not be forgot­ ten. The part you have played is a story which will be told by mothers to their daughters for generations to come. You have erected a new standard of courage and self-sacrifice for all Philippine womanhood. BUT you cannot rest on the accomplishments of the past. The past is history and should be remembered, but the future is now, and calls for action. In every direction we turn there are things to be done. The Government has its own great responsibilities... the major responsibilities for rehabilitation and reconstruction. But we women, members of the volunteer organizations and groups, must not wait for a government bureau or a commission to take the lead. There are a hundred things to be done which no government bureau or a collection of bureaus can even begin to do. THERE are individual cases needed. There are shocking conditions of inadequate housing and hunger in our own back yards. We must do what we can to help on an individual as well as on a group level. And that is not yet all. We can help to keep high the morale of those who are and will be work­ ing so hard to save our country and insure its future greatness. We can help in so many different ways in activities, such as those which have been carried on by this organization in the past. YOU have just begun your work. You have just started with what there is to be done. I hope this organization will continue in the inspiring leadership among the women of the Philippines that have characterized it to date. LET us continue to be a proud boast to say, “I am a VSAC girl.” All honor to you. For my small part. I am ready to help in whatever way I can. THERE was a famous actor who used to close his performance much as I am going to close mine: My husband thanks you, my children thank you, and I thank you. TRINIDAD ROXAS JULY, IBM PAGE 7 jke WOMEN On INDEPENDENCE ^INDEPENDENCE, like a warm, soothing, all-protective blank - X et now clothes the Filipino nation. If, over the countless years when freedom was still a bird in the bush, there was a time when the better angels of our nature played truant and allowed some of us false prudence to toy with the idea of re­ examination, that phase now belongs to a dim, dead past. The women, too, may have had their share of doubts and apprehensions, of ifs and buts—of cynical indifference, even— doubtless born of the seeming futility of the struggle, but that swift interlude of indecision, of not knowing what to want, has likewise long since been discharged from the memory. After Bataan, after the nightmare of enemy occupation, after the holocaust of liberation, nothing else remains that the Filipino woman feels she is not ready to face. The women of the land are resolved "to dare and endure" anything that comes under the price of freedom. The phrase is not trite. It can not be hollow, no, not to a citizen of this favored land. Not to the Filipino who feels the meaning of Independence in the tightening of his throat, in the heavy pounding in his breast as he essays to. shout "Long Live the Philippines". How game are the women? Read the following sympo­ sium. The staff pounded their shoes thin ferreting out opin­ ions from the women when they least expected it. Spontaneous verbosity plagued the desk each time our reporter came from |ier rounds. The women are full of plans. The women will know what to do with Independence. FLORENCIA BERNARDINO, MARKET VENDOR The good things that independence can bring us are not complete unless we Filipinos have the full control of our retail trade. Every­ body knows that previous to the last world war the local retail trade was in the hands of foreign merchants. Practically all com­ modities for home consumption were in the hands of the Chinese merchants; and now with the passage of the Bell Bill, and in the event that it is accepted by the Filipino people, I am sure that not only the retail trade but also the wholesale will be in foreign hands. I shaiH' pray that we be given a chance to compete in at least the local market with the government helping us and encouraging our industrialists and big merchants to compete with foreigners. To tell the truth we are planning a thorough campaign for a fair competition after we are given our independence. We shall try to prove to the world that we have been benefited by the many experiences in. the past. Another thing is educating the women for wifehood and mother­ hood. Here in the market-place, we observe how women manage their home by the way they make their purchases. Some of them do not even have the slightest idea on how to tell good food from bad and what foods are- cheap but nutritious. Certainly an excessive accumulation of fats does not mean health, but mothers and house­ wives do not seem to mind the difference. Independence should mean, for one thing a thorough re-orientation of our culture. MARCIANA VELASCO-MARTINEZ, A RELIGIONIST I have lived" the prime of my life and all those years of my youth were fraught with dreams of freedom. I have heard my folks before me talk of liberty and the pride and the glory that swell out of the big hearts of free men who had known the struggles and the odds that accompany the strife to be independent. I know our people are not unwilling to sacrifice, nay, to give their all for their cherished hope to be free. Our forefathers have lived and died for it. Re­ cently our youth have consecrated their precious blood in the battle­ field; and our history is pivoted on the main theme cf the struggle to be free. Independence Day is a holy day for us Filipinos who will be recipient of the blessings of freedom, but it shall be the holiest day for the greatest power of the world because that day will mark not,only the symbol but the reality of the best example and the supreme wisdom of the sovereign power in world leadership. Now let us perpetuate that freedom by coming back to ourselves and struggling to realize that which is the best in us. Let us see to it that the education of youth in' the coming days is guided towards self-discovery and putting up a personality that is genuinely true to ourselves. Religion is always the best source of love and wisdom, of truth and justice. Make our youth solid not pnly in science but also in religion. Let us educate women to live and not feign religion. NENA SAGUIL, PAINTER Suffering always characterizes the first few years of an inde­ pendent life. We all are aware of that fact. We have time and again been reminded of the consequent reign of terror and maybe of continental .chaos should the Americans release us from their protection. Well and good! That’s a part of the game anyway. We are not afraid to suffer, trained that we were in the darkest part of history when we got the best portions of those heart-rending experiences, thanks to the Japs. We are no longer afraid of hard­ ships. The great excitement has subsided,—who knows if but tempo­ rarily! However, it is not beyond imagination to see now that the coming days will offer new themes, new perspective, and a rich fountain of rare inspiration. I am beginning to dream now of what harmonies shall go with the brush in portraying the free Philippines. FELISA DE CASTRO, A MOTHER We are now a free country. I wonder if this freedom would make 'us any better. I’m not worried about the government. Mr. Roxas will take care of that. My worry now is my child. I could see that my child, after these years of training in the schools, is a confusion of complexes. She is such that I nio not really under­ stand what personality she represents. I’m afraid she does not even have a personality at all. By her behaviour I can see that while she attempts at sophistication, she mistakes smartness for finesse and good conduct. While she can converse with a show of thorough­ ness about the preparation, accurate to the last detail, of the cream of Tartar, or the most elaborate Russian salad with trimmings a la mode, she fails at cooking rice to the satisfaction of her father, for the rice is either half-cooked or burned. My daughter admires the greatest woman scientist, Madame Curie, but she follows the examples of a Greta Garbo. - She loves the classics in music and literature, but she hums the boogie-woogie every time she is in the mood for song, and reads with voracious passion the adventures of a night-club waitress. And while she says she abhors POLITICOS-, I think she is falling in love with a soap-box orator .who is obviously aiming for a seat in the Philippine Congress. She reads a lot ever since she went to school, but up to now— she is about to finish college—she does not have any idea truly her own. She would not dare to speak her mind unless it be with the support of a line or two from a book. She is afraid to dare as if she is not entitled to discover the truth. I hope Independence will give us a much better system of educa­ tion for women. LUZ S. AMPIL, BUSINESS WOMAN I have always thought that we are not as yet ready for inde­ pendence. But since it is here whether I like it or not, — well, PAGE 8 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL Grandstands are always symbolic, assuming significance as far-rea citing as the event that takes place in them. On this grandstand, Ma­ nuel A. Roxas took his oath as the last President of the Commonw ealth. On a similar grandstand at the Luneta, he will be sworn in as the first President of the Philippine Republic. the best way might be to start thinking now how we can be free in the true sense of the word, that is, politically and economically. The country is “flat on its tires”, the recent world catastrophe Was drained our purse to the bottom. The country’s economic possibilities are crippled to such an extent that we shall need the assistance of the United States to recuperate from the effects of devastation brought about by the war. But any kind of help is not sufficient to carry on a good program of reconstruction and rehabilitation. We need to harness the power and full efforts of economists and business people—men and worsen —just so reconstruction and rehabilitation of the country could be faster. It goes without saying that pretty soon, under the provisions of the Bell Bill, should it be accepted by our people, the American capital will flood the Philippine market. Then the monopolies. I am wondering how well local businessmen and women can bear the strain of keen competition, or how local businessmen can survive when mon­ opolies have dominated the market. Obtaining economic stability is much more difficult than getting our political freedom! ROSARIO CONCEPCION: A TOBACCO-FACTORY WORKER God bless Independence day! Though I’m afraid it will be a pretty hard time for us women. The children have to be stuffed with good food and our kitchens are lean. We often hear of the glories of freedom, its accompanying satisfaction of man’s desires to perpe­ tuate his heritage. The whole thing seems to touch the vainest part of our fancy, but when we come to face realities we find it difficult not to be afraid. Industrializing our country is a MUST for us. Labor today is. TOPS. Provided its rights are protected and the proper party min­ isters to its needs, its healthy support in whatever is for the best of the country is always available. I am sure women laborers will march with the times! AMELIA RIVERA DE ESPIRITU: A CHEJIIST The technical field in the Philippines has long been neglected. There is much room for improvement which calls for our attention. The war has opened our eyes; we have learned to become self-suffi­ cient. It is therefore sad to note that with the present inflow of a great amount of imported goods our energetic chemists and techni­ cians of wartime have lost interest in further improving their pro­ ducts and have thus shifted to the more profitable business of 5m-> port trading. With the grant of independence of the Philippines the luxuries we are at present enjoying will surely be curtailed to a great extent. It is therefore high time for our government officials to develop the technical and industrial fields in this country. Researches should be encouraged. Budding scientists should be given a chance to use what they have learned. The N. D. C., National Footwear, NACOCO, and other government-owned corporations should be given greater support not only by the government but also by the people. Let us therefore spend more time in thinking of the many things we could export than of the various things we could import thus preventing the great out­ flow of our money to foreign countries. EMMA BENITEZ-ARANETA: SOCIALITE MATRON After July, 1946, when our men assume the complete and full responsibility of government, the women, too, will take their pro­ portionate share of the burden. I look forward to ^he women—(re­ taining their affiliation to their respective organizations) to form themselves into a solid body with the National Council of Women act­ ing as its unifying and centralizing head, act as the “National Con­ science” for the Filipino nation. Presently we are faced with many conflicting and grave problems. True, our men leaders have all the capacity and ability to solve them. But the woman, if given a voice would certainly be able to help smooth out many of these headaches. Woman was created with that sense of fairness, with more heart than head with more finesse and tact that she can tackle some ticklish problems with better re­ sults. Not that our men are not equal to the task, but the counsels of a mother have always been invaluable. And so when she comes across these national problems; she deals with the thing not simply as a problem in economics or mathematics but as a problem involving her sons, husbands and fathers; not as a mere issue in politics—a gain in power, maybe, or a less of it—nay, but as a child lost and hungry, crying—in need of food and understanding. So, I say, that with the progress she has made, the Philippine’s advance can not be the dead end. The coming of Independence will mean the nation’s more dependence on the Women. They seek not power, nor position nor honor. All they want is to continue playing the role they were created for.... that of being a mother, only now they have taken upon themselves the much bigger family.... a na­ tion of Filipino people. (Continued on page 25) JULY, 1948 PAGE 9 THERE are dreams we dream, sweet and painful and in­ tense, dreams that in our minds and in our hearts we know may never come true; that we are afraid, though we may never ad­ mit the fear, we are afraid that we may never attain. Such a dream did Marta have, and in that dream she played the piano. She would see herself playing, evoking out of a darkly gleam­ ing instrument, music such • as mortals seldom hear, symphonies which make angels out of men, and make those angels weep or sing. But look at Marta’s hands. They are gnarled with the years during which she has worked and slaved for a family that she has begotten and who now laugh at her because she dares to dream. In spite of thoBe gnarled hands. In spite of the fact that she knows nothing, not one single note, not one single song, that she could sing or play ®n a piano if she had one. And look at Marta’s hair. Among the black, the wavy black, there is the peppering of the sil­ ver that has steadily, through the weary years, come and stayed, in spite of the fact that sometimes, squinting at herself in the mirror, The dream atone was a symphony no Beethoven could .compose she tries to pluck them out. She is getting old. The children she has borne, to whom she had hoped, even when they were form­ ing in her womb, to impart figment of her dreams, those impossible dreams that people her thoughts; these children have grown and now they have dreams of their own, and they will not bother with hers. And they do not find the space in their hearts for a little sympathy, a lit­ tle rapport with which they might nurture this mother’s dream, this fantasy that their mother insists on thinking as still possible. They have been untouched by the fire of her ambition. What her soul felt when they were but little movements in her womb, when they were but a nausea in the moan­ ing, what the mother soul yearned for, and prayed for, these have not seemed to be able to find a thread dyed with the particular color of that yearning and that wish. So they have dreams of their own and they will not bother with hers. So when she said to them that she was buying a piano, they all laughed at her, and they twitted her and they told her what she would do with a piano, who would play on it, who would listen to her, who would ever not ridicule her, for what would she do with a piano, when she did not, could not, now, ever play? She had become more their child than they her children. She could never tell them anything that they seemed to take kindly to. If she complained because her daughters put so much lipstick on their mouths, they would pout at her and laugh at her, and maybe they would kiss her, the light ridicul­ ing kisses of little children who are so wise. But if she put on a dress they did not like, if she tried to do her hair with the mistaken notion that it would please them, they would literally undress her or uncomb her, and make her go back to the utterly simple, old-fashion­ ed ways of which she was so tired, and which they seemed to think was the only way to look, the only way, that is, for a woman with grown children. And she could not, in this world of bombs and violent deaths, in this time of violent loves, and sud­ den passions even express an opi­ nion that they did not jump on her and tell her to hush. They were (Continued on page 27) PAGE 10 J WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL Gallant Lady By A. P. L. LOOKING at her that balmy day in August almost two years ago, so serene and composed be­ side her favorite, old desk at the brown, two story-headquarterf of the National Federation of Wo­ men’s Clubs at San Marcelino, 1 caught no outward- sign of the welter of thoughts that must have been racing in her mind at that moment. My wife and I had just come from the church in Malate immediately after the baptism of our five-month-old girl Nina, acpanied by Pihlt Campos and Betty Wright, two of her five “madrinas.” Instinctively, one felt the tenseness in that room but Josefa Llanes Escoda greeted us warmly and gave us one of her engaging smiles that had won her innumer­ able friends all over the country and abroad, giving us no hint of the dark sorrow in her gallant heart over the uncertain fate of her husband Tony. Somewhere in the dismal vowels of Fort Santiago, the grim bastion of doomed men, Tony Escoda, newspaper man, bon vibant, caught by the Nips with General Lim off Mindoro in their desperate and futile attempt to contact General MacArthur in Australia, was toying with death. I regarded her closely as she talked with her visitors, seemingly unruffled. Then inevitably the conversation verred to the one to­ pic uppermost in the minds of my wife and her companion's. With the shadow of danger hovering over her for more than two years, her life was not worth a nickel so to speak on that day. For one fleeting moment I thought I caught a look of utter desolation in her eyes. Then it was gone, as quickly as it had come. , “You must flee, Pepa” I pleaded with her, joining in their hushed conversation. “Now that they have taken Tony, they will surely go after you, if they have not started doing so. Please go with us to Nagcarlan (my wife’s hometown). They won’t dream of looking for you there. You must lay low for a while. When this blow is over then you can come back, Pepa, while there is still time.” But she only shook her head and smiled sadly. No, she would stick it out They wouldn’t dare lay their hands on her. She could not desert Tony at a time when he needed her most. She would move heaven and earth to free him. They would let him out—in a few days. And she could not de­ sert her “charges,” the American POWS in Santo Tomas, Los Ba­ nos, Cabanatuan, and Bongalbon. For more that two years she had haunted and fleeted from one pri­ son camp to another, ministering to the needs of the Filipino and American prisoners by smuggling in these horror.camps precious money, medicines, food, and mes­ sages from the outside. 1 That was on a Friday morning. Three days later, August 27, the grapevine flashed the dreaded news. Josefa Llanes Escoda had been taken in. In choosing to re­ main 'in the city, in her hopeless attempt to have Tony freed, she courted incarceration in the dun­ geon from where few mortals came out alive. In her devotion to her husband and the American prison­ ers, her long service to humanity was placed under the crucible a"nd she lost. The fate of Josefa Llanes Esco­ da and that of her husband was sealed for many bleak months within the dark recesses of Fort Santiago. What had happened to her? Was she killed by her tor­ mentors? Or, was she still alive and suffering the tortures of the damned and the condemned? Her sister Elvira, faithful to her until the end, didn’t know the right answer. This younger sister of hers, equally talented and deter­ mined, had taken over th^ reigns of her multifarious work as pres­ ident of the National Federation of Women’s Clubs and had done everything possibly human to spring her out of prison. "It’s no use,” she declared to me in agony and on the verge of tears when I paid her a visit one day in late November at their quarters at San Marcelino. Only an hour ago the American Eagles had made another devastating raid on military installations in the sub­ urbs of the city. “Thex won’t do anything for Pepa,” Elvira continued, her eyes hollow and her voice almost a sob. “They simply won’t listen to me. Oh August 27, Hie grlapevine flaislhecf Hie dineiaded news. Josefa Lta'nes Bscbda had beeu -taken in. lln choosihg tb remain ih -the city, in ‘Heir hopeless, attempt to have Tony freed, she court­ ed incarfceratton m Hie dun­ geon from where few mediate came out alive. I have seen Aquino and the rest of them. They can’t do anything for Pepa. Poor Pepa. Poor To­ ny. What will I do ? 0 what will I do?” I tried to reassure her but my voice was weak and flat. My'eyes wandered in that room, where, three months ago, I asked Josefa Llanes Escoda to escape. I looked at the bookcases standing against the wall. I stood up and regard­ ed, with a growing fascination the unusual contents of the cases. For inside them were not old and musty books but trophies, war trophies. They were steel helmets, canteens, belts, and other war ac­ cessories. On these were inscrip­ tions, many inscriptions, made by some blunt instruments and pen­ ned by the hands of men grateful and unforgetting. These,war souv­ enirs were presented to Josefa Llanes Escoda by the Filipino pri­ soners of war who came out of xthe hell that was Capas alive partly through her gallant efforts. These invaluable mementoes are gone as ttiat room and the building where­ in I was at that moment. In the historic Battle of Manila between the liberating American forces and the Japanese forces, this building, one of the many landmarks of the city as it was in this very building that Pilar Hidalgo Lim and Jose­ fa Llanes Escoda laid out the blue­ prints for >the enfranchisement of the Filipino woman, was«razed to the ground in that blazizng infer­ no that wS^ the southern end of Manila. But these war relics that were lost in the rubble and debris wrought by the ugly hand of war will live long in my mind because they are the imperishable testimo1 Mrs. Josefa Llanes-Escoda 1 has not died in vain. Today, • July 4th, in the tumult and the shouting, she is with us. nial of prisoners of war who lived through the most dismal interlude in their life because a woman lent them a helping hand at the cost of her life. In San Fernando, Pampanga, Josefa Llanes Escoda witnessed part of the “Death March” after the fall of Bataan, the macabre march that was to be eulogized in prose and poem and song. In that memorable meeting with one. of the grimmest realities of war was bom an inspiration in her that was to make her disregard every1 thing in her desire to keep the spark of life alive in these doom­ ed men. Back in Manila, in the head­ quarters of her nation-wide or­ ganization, she started the biggest job in her many-faceted life. With the country in confusion and chaos, with thousands of families all over the country uncertain over the fate of their soldier husbands, brothers, and sons, her organiza­ tion succeeded in obtaining and compiling the names and addresses of thousands of Filipino prisoners in Capas. The brown,. two-story edifice at San Marcelino became the! clearing house of thtefr near­ est kins. The list of prisoners grew longer and longer and the anxious visitors at San Marceli­ no grew-in equal proportion. Through diverse ways and be­ cause of her prestige as a social worker, Josefa Llanes Escoda succeeded in wiggling her way in and out of Capas. And in these numerous * and dangerous trips, she managed to bring with her messages from the prisoners to their loved ones. Some of these (Continued on page 30) JULY, 1946 PAGE 11 Symbol Of To write up Mrs. Trinidad Femandez-Legarda is to write the story of woman’s achievements and participation in the task of making this world a better place to live in. NiAME ONE woman, one person for that matter, in Manila today who holds in one hand (like a collection of pre­ cious nuggets) nine positions all at once—nine positions which are fraught with responsibilities, but which carry no remunera­ tion. And there is only one answer: Mrs. Trinidad Fernan­ dez Legarda. It is hard to end the sentence after her name. The chron­ icler’s pen, once aroused, scribbles as if under a spell reeling off the legion of attributes which this favored woman has garnered over a lifetime of active woman participaton in the scheme of bettering life and human relationships. The ideas rush headlong, they create quite a bottleneck, and one does not know where to begin. For it is no easy task to write up a woman who is at once beau­ tiful and brainy and full of achie­ vements to boot. The danger of mixed metaphors is not remote. This scribbler j . feels it coming now even as the vision of the “Trining” coiffure and her equal­ ly -exquisite ternos keep elbowing with her commissionership in the Girl Scouts or her presidency in the Manila Symphony Orchestra. But let ' the approach be from life. From, say, a Malacanan tea where a fellow guesf'makes a'bee­ line for her as she stands by the balustrade regal but friendly, a tea cup held elegantly in one hand. Like a good trouper, and, because she is no hypocrite, she accepts gratefully the compliments on her hairdo, on her terno, or on some rare jewelry or trinket which generally claims her good taste. Compliments accepted and duly thanked for, she loses no time in paying it back, and ere the tea "has begun the fellow guest feels just as tall, just as stately if not just as beautiful and intelligent as she is. Conversation yvith Trining Legardi is never just a mere ex­ change of- banalities. From sym * - phony concerts to war brides, to convalescent homes, to rehabilita­ tion and even to running an eat­ ing nook—she can wax on felici­ tously. The weather never gets a Chinaman’s chance to get discuss­ ed. Mrs. Legarda is a writer on her jwn right. The adventures in editing came her way at an era when the Fourth Estate was the men’s sole Romain. Fyom 1922 to 1926 she was managing editor of the Woman’s Outlook the then of­ ficial organ of the National Fede­ ration of Women’s Clubs. At the same time, she was doing the SocWomen ’s Activities iety pages foT the Manila Times. The Philippine Herald, next soli­ cited het talent tp edit the Wo­ man’s Page. All these to come in­ to the routine of an undergra­ duate (for young Trining in the years 1918-1924 was still very much a co-ed) is, to be trite, fpr from ordinary. Her schooling never had a chance, it seems, to course undis­ turbed, what with the' welter" of activities whicA the feminist movement had brought op. In 1918 she was a contented sopho­ more student in the Philippine Normal. School when the Woman’s Club of Manila drafted her to take charge of its Provincial Club Extension work which was under the chairmanship of Mrs. E. J. Westerhouse. The Superin­ tendent of the P.N.S. Mr. Franks (later Executive Secretary of the High Commissioner’s Office) saw in the bright young student the makings of something bigger than a teacher so he told her, “Would you like tp deviate from * teaching and embark on a brand-new career? It could be a lifetime job if you like it.” “That was my start in social , work,” Mrs. Legarda reminisces. “It consisted.mainly in organizing women’s clubs in the provinces and putting them on a working schedule. We had to make fre­ quent trips to the different pro­ vinces including Visayas and Min­ danao.” In 192’0 the first convention of Women’s Clubs was held in'Ma­ nila under the auspices of the mother club, the Manila Woman’s Club. At this convention, it was decided to organize all the exist­ ing women’s clubs into a federa­ tion. The next year saw this fe­ deration grow into i full-fledged member of the General Federa­ tion of Women’s Clubs in Amer­ ica. For its first secretary, the National Federation in Manila had Trining Fernandez who shouldered both the general and executive aspects of the position. This she held until 1926 when she had to give it up from pres­ sure. of weightier duties. ^All the years from 1918 to 1924 the student-social worker-secre­ tary-executive was able .to finish the High School course at the U. P. High, and * take special courses such as Sociology, Eng­ lish, History in the University, bf the Philippines. During this period, too, Mrs. Legarda remembers, “I was on the National Board of Directors of the American Red Cro%s. From 1923 to 1925 I pinched hit for Mrs. Asuncion Perez who was away, by taking direct charge of the Associated Charities of Ma­ nila—all this on top of my duties and obligations with the National Federation of Women’s Clubs.” 1924 was a banner year for Trining Fernandez, although she refuses to admit it, claiming that the job of being a beauty is a very hard one. On this year the Carnival Queenship was “thrown into her lap” because the then very popular Bachelor’s Club just had to have the right queen. “This was an honor,” Mrs. Le­ garda says, “which I have since regretted and at the same time commended. To live up to the re­ putation of being a Carnival beauty (?) (the question mark is hers) is a hard and difficult job with no let-up. On the other hand, perhaps it was this same difficult role which has given me a heajthy interest in clothes and woman’s progress in all lines of endeavor.” Close on the heels of her queen­ ship came her marriage to Benito Legarda, of the well-known Le­ garda family in Manila. The Legardas are a musical clan and Trining found, to her relief, that she’s got what it takes to talk shop with her husband and with her newly acquired relatives. As a student in the Normal School, she was closely identified with (Continued on. page 24) PAGE 12 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL THE men on strike, quietly tense and anxious, had squatted hopefully all afternoon in the churchyard. But as the clock in the San Sebastian spire indicated half-past four, the de­ sultory conjectures on their terms beihg met that day petered out entirely; the men shifted their positions with nervous, impatient frequency. One of them disen­ gaged himself from a group, stood up stiffly, and shook off the numbness from his legs. He was tall, sparsely-built, of a ta­ citurn, if not almost surly, man­ ner. He glanced about appraisingly now and then, eyeing that clock up in the spire as if it condi­ tioned his affairs, a faint, ironic smile coming transciently to his lips. It transformed his face for a fleeting moment, revealing an odd engaging quality that sur­ prised the onlooker with the ef­ fect of a discovery. He listened to the men voicing . common thoughts. Maybe their leaders and the big bosses couldn’t come to terms yet, or else <jne of the boys would have shewn up by now. Well, another day. for us, again. Not bad, guess I’ll sleep There is a tumult keener th&n HaboiV wo * e<s: in tlh.e hieisttit olf a man on strike it out all day tomorrow at home to round out a week’s vacation and so on and on, but they were half-hearted bandinage and even as the men joked they avoided each other’s eyes. These days, laying off from work for a week v/as not a huge joke. The moody man on strike with a curt nod t6 the others as his leave-taking made his departure. One or two comments followed him. Ed is a good sort, said one, and I don’t know why I feel he would make a better leader than Reynoso and the others. Another nodded in short assent and con­ tributed the observation: Well, some people are not over-ambi­ tious... The subject of their remarks was making his way along R. Hidalgo, he was headed for Quiapo with that uneven pace of one who is not quite eager to reach home. But it seemed pointless not to be moving on and so he let himself follow the hurrying crowd, a listless figure mobile in these moments only on momen­ tum. Occasionally the sounds and sights along the street evoked from him his faint, tran­ sient smile: the insistent' radio voice of a president-aspirant rei­ terating his platform, expensive looking imported dresses that drew wistful glances from the women, bright varied faces of canned goods, the splash of pic­ tures from magazinzes athwart doorways, empty-looking dismal restaurants, their / lush days of trade o^er, the long queue lining for The Phantom serial at the Zest theatre, and the intermina­ ble sight of vehicles end to end, scarcely amove, with which Ma­ nila seemed to have been inflat­ ed overnight. Hands in his pockets he sauntered with that inner resentment of a man out of work, and. the apathetic atti­ tude of one who, for the moment, relinquishes his worries. Then from one of these wide entrances still to be found among houses even in the most crowdedheart of the city emerged a long, blue car beating the passersby to the edge of the street by a split second. Its streamlined, shining body completely blocked progress on the pavement for the vehiclechoked street could not as yet afford ti egress. The sight of the splendid-looking car and the impassive, uniformed ’ chauffeur at the wheel evoked from the man Ed an unwilling thrill of admiration at the impact of its novelty, for the war had put out of circulation these metalled lovelies of the rich. His gaze traveled in swift ap­ praisal of the car and ended in abrupt surprise on the owner as (Continued on page 31) JULY, 1946 PAGE 13 The (Philippine RED CROSS By R. R. DE LA CRUZ Above, Junior Red Cross Adviser Audrey H. Bassett supervises over pupils of Cavite. Right, Knowledge of First Aid is part of Police­ men's Course of Study. Revived shortly after fibera+lbn, it now operates hvehty-efigbt chapters throughout the Philippines, promoting a diversified' program of humanitarian and educational services. PARTICIPATING in the gigan* tie task of rehabilitating a wartorn Philippines, various social and civic agencies have succeeded heroically in resuming their pre­ war operations. Among these is the Philippine Red Cross. Notwithstanding the handicaps forced upon it by the war (its buildings and equipment were burned; its personnel, limited; other facilities, inadequate), the, Philippine Red Cross has risen to assume once more the important position it occupied in the life of the Philippines before thezwar. Thanks, of course, to its mother organization, the American Na­ tional Red Cross. Assisted by American funds and advised by American experts, the Philippine Red Cross, with a Fili­ pino staff, today serves the people of this country in the traditional Red Cross way,—without regard for color, political affiliation, so­ cial zstandng, or religious creed. With Manila as its nerve cen­ ter, the Philippine Red Cross has tJxtended its services to the prov­ inces by establishing Chapter Of­ fices under the charge of compe­ tent Chapter Administrators. To date, a total of 28 chapters are in operation, covering Luzon, the Visayas and Mindanao. Several more are expected to open within the next few months. Predicated on the fact that the Red Cross organization exists as an instrument through which the people may help their less fortu­ nate countrymen, the new Philip­ pine Red Cross encourages volun­ teer participation in its various activities. Much of what the Red Cross is doing, although planned and directed by professional Red Cross workers, is largely accom­ plished by volunteers. The exten­ sive educational safety program of the Red Cross, for instance,’ is promoted with the help of thou­ sands of volunteer “first aid, water safety, and accident prevention instructors throughout the Philip­ pines. Chapter Administrators of the Red Cross are assisted by pro­ vincial and municipal committees made up of volunteers. Following closely the structure and operational methods of the American Red Cross, the re-consti­ tuted —Philippine Red Cross now operates five important services. MILITARY WELFARE SERVICE The Military Welfare Service, the latest to be established, pro­ vides assistance to members of the Philippine Army. It was begun in response to a specific request from the Secretary of National Defense. Red Cross representa­ tives are stationed at large Philip­ pine Army hospitals, where they assist enlisted-men and officers in the filling of claims, or in matters pertaining to recreation. Mrs. A. S. Whelan, American advisor of the Red Cross Military Welfare Service, in discussing the' functions of the new department, gave this interesting illustraton: “Private Cruz, let us say, a tu­ bercular patient in the 1st General Hospital, who has not seen his (Continued on page 34) PAGE 14 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL A FTER A MORNING loud with *• rustling coconut leaves, and with the blue and foamy sea-wa­ ter overflowing the banks of the lower reaches of the Wasig, the sandbars off the river’s mouth emerged smooth and * soft in the waning light of the afternoon sun. Even more quickly than it had set in, the-water had rushed back to the sea. It left the river as green as ever, but the coconut trees that jstood by the banks were silent: the monsoon wind that had come witn the rising tide had died down and no breeze fretted the dropping fronds of the palms. Then, without any warning whatsoever, something stirred in the quiet stream. The image of the mangrove trees on the water look­ ed foggy as in an old, broken mir­ ror. A kingfisher, with its bright streak of red at its throat, shot from a perch in a mangrove tree overhanging the water and cut the unbroken surface of the stream with one sharp thrust of its bill. For a moment, it capered in the air, and then darted back like a magic arrow into the grove. Beyond a doubt, something was about to happen. The pulse of the afternoon quickened perceptibly. Then, with a throbbing in the air, a streak of silver burst clear off the mirror of green which by now had begun to shimmer tremulously. Little light from the sinking sun filtered through the thick sieve of mangrove trees. Then a banca appeared from upstream: Tarang aqd Tasan, the Troso twins, paddling as fast as they could. Lilay and the albino girl Bukay were also on board and were paddling excitedly with their bare hands. They all came shout­ ing, primitives in ther joy. The Bojol family ran out of their hut to meet them. “What’s happened?” Kikay de­ manded. "Anybody killed? Any­ body dying? Anyone running off with a woman?” "Nay, thou art a fool, to think so!” the Troso widow exclaimed, in her effusive, affectionate way. Her manner of speech took Bo­ jol by surprise. "What’s happen­ ing, Tarang?” he asked the small boy who was panting for breath after having beached the boat. “Thou, art a fool not to know, Bojol,” said Lilay with a laugh. banca. “Go, borrow a net from Aguacil,” she told the twins. But before she had finished •the sentence, Tarang and Ta­ san had run towards Aguacil’s house, shouting at the top of their lungs: “The nets! We may bor­ row the nets!” “Why, what has corned” asked Bojol. “The shrimps?” asked his wife Kikay. “That diminutive fish called tabyos?" asked Bojol. Lilay had not answered both questions. She had kept on laughdng, although at the same time watching the river with rather anxious eyes. “It’s not for us to to be standing here at this hour of day. It’s not for us to talk and talk when there’s something to do over at the shallow river’s mouth,” she said crisply. “Come come all of you!” “So then, it’s not the shrimps.” said Bojol, half to himself, for well he knew that you did not catch shrimps off the river’s mouth but rather right along the river’s muddy edge where your net, if you used a net, was likely to drag dead branches of man­ grove trees, or where your hands, if you caught the shrimps with The “thou” and the “nay” puz zled the man somewhat. He re­ garded the woman quizzically. Lilay had gtepped out of the The $ood (Rjwea By N. V. M. GONZALES your hands, were bound to claw at some sharp oyster shells. “And it wouldn’t be the tabyos either,” said Kikay, “for other­ wise you wouldn’t have come down this far. The tabyos keep up­ stream—they like it better there —where the water is cool and not so brackish as it’s over here.” "Thou art fools to be making speeches,” Lilay said, impatiently and with a slight tinge of petul­ ance. Bojol < studied the water for a moment, as though it were a do­ cument not unlike his homestead papers. Then, he suddenly, caught on. Perhaps, he had seen the streaks of silver that were scat­ tering now all over the surface of the stream. Perhaps, he had not. But in that one studious look, he remembered Wasig as it had al­ ways been: the good provider, the house of plenty. “Kikay,1 come,” he said. “Let’s go.” He pulled his wife by the arm. And Kikay realized in a flash what it was. She shouted, ad­ dressing her son Felipe. “Go, run to Aguacil arid borrow a net your­ self,” she said. But where was Felipe? Where had he gone? Solmieithllnig wais ^bund to Ihappeni, what witti the tide so low on the river and silver-colbured fish rushing seaward to spawn. . . Well, he had seen the Troso twins and had followed them to Aguacil’s house. Kikay presently saw her son, running up Aguacil’s yard. There was no doubt in her mind that the boy was him­ self going to get a net. His mother called out to him. “Be quick about it,” said Kikay. Running down the beach, Lilay the Troso widow called out to Bojol and his wife. “Be quick as a crow, each of you” she said. For she meant, pi course, the tigue fish. It came now in schools that colored the green water sil­ ver, and any one could see for himself that a dozen nets could, come in handy. Lilay, with her albino girl in tow, reached the river’s mouth. Already, Tarang and his twin Ta­ san had arrived there with a net from Aguacil’s. In a minute, Bo­ jol and his young son Felipe ar­ rived. Kikay came with a basket wherein to put the catch. “Go, get the sack in the banca,” said Lilay to the albino girl Bu­ kay. The later ran back as fast as her small legs could carry her, and her golden hair fell loose down her shoulders. The tigue is a curious fish. The barrio folk ascribe to it one pe­ culiarity; they believe the poor '-fish have no tongue. What could have happened, to it? Did the tigue, in a world now lost, play traitor or informer so that its enemies had promptly deprived it of speech, of a tongue? Now, before the sun had set be­ hind the low shoulder of the man­ grove swamps, the whole barrio •had run to the river mouth. Men, women, and children had formed a long curved line that extended from one side of river’s mouth to the other. It was as though a fish corral made of hu­ man bodies, warm in themselves with love, taking the place of bam­ boo stakes, had been set up. Those with nets covered that portion of the river’s mouth where the wa­ ter was deeper. Over where the men and women and children were, it was no more than kneer deep, the one place where you could squat on the fine sand, and catch with your bare hands the fish that rushed madly to the sea to spawn in the warm shoals off Langawon and Caloocan. The twins Tarang and Tasan had a net—one of Aguacil’s nets, to be sure—but it had come from Piscong. That is to say, Piscong, (Continued on page 26) JULY, 1946 PAGE 15 The Philippine War Relief is not so much an agency for mercy as a symbol...an instance of civilisation at its best giving its best^to civilisation. Mrs. Irene E. Murphy, field representative of the Philippine War Relief of the U. S., as portrayed by Fernando Amorsolo, one of her favorite painters. by Fernando Amorsolo, Mrs. Irene E. Murphy Ln lumppuw — did not know that she would be back ten years later to play the role of business-like angel of mercy. She did not dream that war would strike this country at the very roots of its security, reduce its once placid life to a shambles and halt its forward march towards progress. Now, as field representative of the Philippine War Relief of the U. S., Mrs. Murphy has seen more of the Philippines than she ever saw as guest in Malacanan. By plane, jeep and banca she has ridden to the far-flung outposts which even ci­ vilization seems to have left alone, but which famine, no res­ pecter of distance, holds in its grasp. She has seen the misery of a people who lived rather than speak of the meaning of courage. She had seen children foraging like animals, fearful even of the hand which holds out food and clothing. She bps seen grown-ups marked for death, staring up at her with the apathetic look of those who have battled with despair. She has seen people rendered mute by suffering, accenting relief as un­ complainingly as they had accepted disaster, no longer capable of a show of appreciation for that which would continue the struggle for existence. And she has been deeply touched by the horrors she had seen, as well as sincerely admiring of the cour­ age which helped a people rise above them. HEN, as an appreciative guest, left the Philippines in 1935 she Active, smiling Mrs. Murphy is not so much the PWR-US execu­ tive as a representative of 15,000 women in America who have worked to relieve the war suffer­ ings here. The Philippine War Relief is not so much an agency of mercy as a symbol of the con­ cern and devotion that the war has inspired in the heart of a country thousands of miles away for the plight of a country in the throes of destruction. It is an in­ stance of civilization at its best . giving of its best to civilization. World War II was not half-way through when this volunteer so­ ciety was organized in anticipa­ tion of war’s end. Justice Frank Murphy and President MJanuel Quezon issued a call to former re­ sidents and sympathizers of the Philippines to band themselves to­ gether in the worthy task of pre­ (Dep&ndGnaz and. 9ndef2&ndGmx By L. V. RlEY'ES paring relief for war-torn Philip­ pines. The response was instan­ taneous. Illustrous personages as well as simple housewives joined in, bound by just one desire: to be of help in a great undertaking. Money was raised both, voluntari­ ly and as part of the national cam­ paign for war funds. A board of directors was set up, with Justice Murphy and. President Quezon as president and honorary president, respectively, and with Mrs. Paul V. McNutt, Mrs. Milliard Tydings, Senator Robert Taft, Mr. Charles Green and Mrs. Weldon Jones as the other officers . Uhousands of American women, from Washington to Hawaii, com­ posed sewing, circles dedicated to the work of making clothing for the Filipinos who were then wa­ ging an economic and psychologi­ cal battle of their own. Every­ thing that could be done was done in preparation v>f that day when 1 the society could at last enter in- 1 to its real function? . i Just one year after its organ­ ization, the society saw its first 1 choice to' establish contact with 1 the people it had pledged to help. The first relief to ever reach the 1 Philippines came by military ' transport to the islands in May. ’ 1945. This was in the form of new, hand-made garments pat- , terned after Filipino designs and 1 sewn in the various sewing cir- . cles scattered all over the United j States. These garments reached ] the half-million mark before the | year was out. ] The beginning of the year 1946 • marked the start of a more in- ( tensive program of aid by the , PWR-US. Mrs. Murphy came to . the islands on January 25, and ; proceeded to organize a local of- ( fice which can handle the expand- 1 ing activities of the organization. > Acting upon the recommendations 3 made earlier by Mr. Paul V. Me- j Nutt,1 it waged a campaign 1 against disease and fan\ine, two i of the most rampant scourges of ; war. Mobile health units were , manned by Filipino crews made 3 up pf doctors, nurses and social ; workers and set into operation., i They went to the most remote j barrios, unearthing cases of uh- ] believable suffering and need, giv- 1 ing relief wherever they could. ; They traveled over bombed roads j and bridgeless rivers, oyer moun- j tain passes and “water- hops.” « They braved obstacles both geo-, i graphical and social, going where- - ever suffering called. They dared < snipers’ fire and headhunters’ 1 threats in their ventures of mercy, ; “I find it difficult to ex- ’ press my admiration and appre- * ciation for the workers that we 1 have in the PWR,” stated Mrs. ’ Murphy. “Ours is a mission . of 1 hazards and calls for courage of now held in his arms, the same brand as that which Fil­ ipinos have shown in the battle­ field., One of our doctors has been killed in an accident, five have been injured, two have been rob­ bed by highway men. Others have suffered minor injuries and ex­ treme discomforts in the pursuit of their duties. I pay my deep­ est respects to our Philippine staff, which is the most valiant, resi­ lient and productive set of work­ ers one was ever privileged to work with.” There is, at present, only one other American in the staff of the PWR, and he has been a re­ sident of the Philippines for the past 20 years. The others, num­ bering 130, are doctors, nurses and social workers who boast of long records of service in the USAFFE, the Philippine Red Cross, the Bureau of Health, and other welfare agencies. Almost all of them have come to the PWR impelled by the desire to be of help in the rehabilitation of their country and their people. Their mission has driven them to remote mountain fastnesses, ex­ posed them to the mercies of na­ ture and the elements and tried their courage and patience again and again. < In any of the most remote bar­ rios of the Philippines, a doctor, a nurse, and a social worker sets up a clinic and quietly and stead­ fastly perform the work which must be done. It is not unusual to find a hundred patients still awaiting treatment by four o’clock in the afternoon, and as the after­ noon deepened and the shadows stole over the mountains the PWR workers would go about their task without regard for the lateness of time and ,the length of the of­ fice day. Perhaps, while holding a particularly puny child in his arms a doctor would be reminded of his own daughter hundreds of miles away, and with understand­ able yearning and thankfulness be happy that she is not the child he Then he works with the added zest of one more fortunate than his fellowmen. glad to the chance to be part of (Continued on page 32) PAGE 16 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL WOMAN'S By ASUiNOiiOINi A. PEIRiEZ iTpiODAY July 4th, the Philippines becomes independent. 1 She now occupies a seat among the free nations of the world. That place was won for her by men and women who have labored together in peace and in war. We Filipinos have stood well the test of four hundred years of political subjection. Instead of perishing as a race, we have emerged more capable and better prepared for a free political existence. During the long years of preparation for this moment, the Filipino woman has stood by her brother in the home, government offices, in in­ dustries, in business, in school and in church. This Indepen­ dence is as much hers to be proud of, cherish and uphold. The Philippines has not always been a subject nation. Before the West came, the Filipinos were a free people. They ruled over one another in justice and wisdom. The Filipino Woman was supreme in the Home. She enjoyed then as now an essence of political equality with men. She had political rights. In fact, in some of the Islands,, she ruled as queen. She was wise and capable as the best of other lands. In the home, she brought up her children in the atmosphere of a culture we remember to­ day with justified pride. The men were strong, just, reliant, hardworking and brave. The women had modesty, courage, patience, industry and wisdom. Together they left a past rich in legends of a simple, joyous and useful living. The long years of political, nay, even cultural subjection came. Western ideas invaded our shores. Political theories, laws, customs, liter­ ature and institutions—practically the whole of Western civil­ ization poured in that the West might civilize the East. A weaker people could have perished from the deluge of strange ideas. A less capable one would have been stunned to-insensi­ bility. But the Filipinos are neither weak nor incapable. They were as a receptacle accepting with outstretched hand the best and the worst. They learned both with equal facility, for the Filipinos are excellent students. The task to build a new Philip- enacted for the promotion of the pines it at hand. Out of the tra- common welfare. Their interpreditions of the past and the inno- tation should be guided with the spirit of understanding and hu­ mane justice, adequately flexible to permit that the well-being of man is above the technicalities of the law. vations of the present must be crystalized into a new culture— neither West nor East but distinct­ ly Philippine. It must have all the virtues of the past and be endow­ ed with the democratic ideals of the present. We lack a national language with which to voice our national ideals and feelings; we have yet to develop a music vib­ rant and alive with our national struggles and hopes. Our Philip­ pine art, worthy of comparison with those of other lands, waits to be enriched. We shall have a vig­ orous culture rich in essentials. Mrs. Asuncion Perez, Direc­ tor of Public Welfare-, “...out of the traditions of the past and the innovations of the present must be crystallized a new culture, neither East nor West, but distinctly Philip­ pine.” It must have all the virtues of the past and be en­ dowed with the democratic ideals of the present...” Thus our goal. This indepen­ dent Philippines will not be the Philippines discovered by Magel­ lan in 1520. It will not be what Spain remembers. Neither will it be the Philippines Rizal died for. Far be it a clever imitation of America. It will be as a child embodying the traits of ancestors of generations past and yet whol­ ly unlike any. It will be singular in that it will both be old and new, native and foreign. Before us the future is obscure. What it will be will depend upon the for­ titude and wisdom of the Filipino man and woman of today upon whose shoulder will fall the res­ ponsibility of building the new nation. Half the responsibility of the future is woman’s. That Filipino womanhood must be born of the present and of the past to ade­ The present economy of the Philippines is far from ideal. Henceforth, we must ever remem­ ber in our private as well as na­ tional affairs that economy is not just spending. It is creation as well. We need to re-educate our; people in the dignity of labor and^ thrift, to inculcate anew an abhorence to wasteful and extrava-^ gant spending. Only thus can we attain a sound, stable economy. The women must bear in min4 that while the Independent Phil­ ippines means a nation that is po­ litically free, unless she is econo­ mically independent, unless her people are free from fear of want, her political freedom would only be sham. quately face the future. The ideal Filipino woman of the past is the much glorified Maria Clara. She is modest and beautiful of heart and soul. The home was her king­ dom and, however gifted with in­ telligence she may be, she seldom ventured out of it. She seldom aspired beyond her husband and children. She managed the fam­ ily income and spent or saved it as she saw fit. She educated her sons to meet the problems of the world, she trained her daughters to be good wives and mothers and sisters. No other woman on earth is more respected and loved, no one more cherised. The invasion of Western civil­ ization has greatly influenced the Filipino mode of living particular­ ly that of the Filipino woman. She cannot remain unchanged for she must be ready to shoulder added responsibility of not only bringing up a family and making a home but of making concrete contributions in the affairs of the world outside the home. She will be a blend of the Maria Clara and the modern woman. She will keep her inns^te patience, modesty and industry. She will be frank, sin­ cere, tolerant, and democratic in her ways without lossing her dig­ nity and prestige. She will keep making long strides in education, economics, and politics. She will, with her husband, build a home where peace, love, and under­ standing abide, where children will grow up in fear of the Lord and in the ideals of democracy. She will both be champion and partner to man. There is no turning back for the Filipino woman. She has put her foot for­ ward and must keep onward. The war has shattered her hopes, des­ troyed her homes, killed her loved ones. It has left her destitute and forlorn. Like women of war-torn countries, she has experienced the extreme of want, the depth of suffering. The war has stripped her of her most cherished posses­ sions. But she still has her cour­ age, hope and faith out of which she must bring together what re­ mains among the ruins of the past in order to ldy the spiritual founation of a new life and a new social order. Whatevei’ doubts we may have had of the capability of the Filipino wo­ men has been dispelled by the war. If she has in * recent vears tried to modernize herself to the detriment of her qualities, she has shown during the war that • Our Political history is at a turning point. Our political ideals and institutions must be so shaped SO preserve the principles of de­ mocracy. The ideals of brother­ hood, equality and liberty for which we fought and died must be upheld. Our laws must be an ex­ pression of the People’s will and (Continued on page 29) JULY, 1946 PAGE 17 TWO • EMMA BENITEZ-ARANETA wore a royal bridal gown to her wedding. Above, the camera has caught the queenly coif misted ever so delicately by a whiff of veil that trails unto bil­ lows and billows of rich satin skirt. Her bouquet is more bow than flower. I * PACITA ROXAS-SINGSON EN­ CARNACION had a very quiet wed­ ding. At left, she is seen in the bridal dress which can only be hers. A rare gardenia over her heart, a small clust­ er of prange blossoms tied to her wrist, and a veil that envelopes her in untold loveliness... This is Ching Roxas through and through. —Photo by Bob’a AGE 18 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAI • Three versions of the panuelo-less terno are here worn by (above left) NORMA ANTONIO in bouffant net; MARITA DIAZ (above) in pink jusi pepered with sequin stars, a garland of glitter falling from one shoulder to hem; CELINA DIMAYUGA (left) in a pale blue scheme, dark blue sequin leaves fluttering all over her favored side. —Photo by Bob’s JULY, 1946 PAGE 19 Qor Seaut^ Sake POOD FOR FUN AND FIT* NESS isn't just a play of words. About time you. consult your yardstick of daily diet to see how you’re doing. You need pro­ teins, vitamins, minerals, carbo­ hydrates and fats to .be healthy and. fit and to be, beautiful. Your lustrous -hair, yt>ur gleaming eyes, your beautiful nails, your wellknit you—all these you owe to the right foods. Many think it is smart to say “I don’t, I never breakfast!” Es­ pecially for the business girl, how does she expect to tear off to work without the necessary fuel to see her through a grinding morning? Lunch, if she does not go home, is *bird’s food, no less. Then dinner in the evening must usually be huge to make up for the day’s fasting. But, do you think our bodies, our stomach approve of this? How about the gastric jui­ ces that were ready to digest a normal breakfast and a normal lunch which didn’t come, but were not quite prepared for supper with a vengeance ? pOOD GROOMING should be a ** habit, otherwise you arQ the girl who is, oh, so smart one day, ’ and oh, so dowdy the very next. The daily beauty ritual shouldn’t clip a half hour from your pre­ ciously budgeted minutes. A nice fi\m of cold cream (even if you did(cream the night before) is al­ ways something to wear to your bath. Your bath should be relax­ ing, tub or no tub. After patting yourself dry, splurge on your fa­ vorite cologne (in these season of flies and hot dust motes this is no luxury). Remove cold cream, splash face with cold water, put foundation, rouge, powder and lip­ stick. Comb out the ringlets you pinned in the night. As you bA down to an unhurried breakfast you note that from bed to sports frock is a mere matter of minutes wisely spent. You tarry a moment to check up on your general ap­ pearance before you step out to face another day in this brave new world. •i If you apply your make-up and arrange your hair after you have put on your dress, cover your shoulders with a little cape to keep away powder, stray hairs and flakes of dandruff from cling­ ing to your dress. Or if you ap­ ply your make-up and arrange your hair before slipping into your dress, then cover your head and lace with a scarf or a large hand­ kerchief while you pull your dress on. The scarf prevents your lip­ stick and powder from soiling the neckline and front of your dress. It also protects your coif. Take this habit to your modiste, when you go for a fitting, she will look up to you more. THE HAIRNET, visible and in­ visible, is one of your trusted friends in your well-groomed life. Use the visible to keep your hair trained while you sleep, the invisi­ ble to give your coif that everyhair-in-place look. Form the ha­ bit of putting the invisible hair­ net in a definite receptacle as soon as you remove it, otherwise you’ll find, as we have time and again, that this “invisible” gadget can really do a disappearing act. The betelnut-stained teeth one encounters in rural scenes have their own excuse for being. But a lipstick-stained teeth is entirely a different story. You insist on fast colors for your dresses, do you exact as much for your lips? Or have you never heard of “lips that run”? Shy away from toosoft lipsticks that smudge especial­ ly when you eat. You can’t have your lipstick and eat it too. pERC WESTMORE says: The first step to beauty is honesty. Most women, instead of studying themselves honestly, prefer to see themselves as they looked when they were ^lineteefi. A poor fig­ ure or rough beauty edges are obs­ cured in a haze of wishful think­ ing. Consciously or unconsciously, most women imbue themselves with a near-perfection they do not have, and negligently ignore cor­ rective measures... for instance, make-up is not created to act as a camouflage of skin ills. It is created to enhance and add beauty to good features. In the presence of active eruptions, no make-up other than eye and lip make-up should be used. A cure of the un­ derlying cause must be effected, and for a cure you must consult a doctor... • Doctors always recom­ mend Tiki-Tiki Manuel Za­ mora for expectant and nursing mothers and for preventing and curing In­ fantile Beri-Beri. J/ul (DanqjUi, Sign — BABY HAS NO APPETITE If the baby can’t eat well, that’s a sure sign there’s something wrong somewhere. Mtednutrition may be, which leads to various forms of chil­ dren’s diseases, principally Infantile Beri-Beri. Infantile Beri-Beri is a top flight disease responsible for the death of several thousand children every year. Guard against it by giving your baby regular doses of Tiki-Tiki MA­ NUEL ZAMORA. It’s rilch in Vitar min nB” Comnlex, an element which feeding tests indicate is vitally need­ ed for growth. FARMAdA MANUEL ZAMORA 928 R. Hidalgo, Manila PAGE 20 WOMAN’S'HOME JOURNAL JaJb&L JjoJJl J-a&h/ujn, JjiiviicL TVON’T BE IN a hurry to make short work of your canned goods, lz Holding on to them for the nonce at least is part of the nation­ wide food conservation and produttion campaign. The Tecipe that follows—-a new way with salmon and others—is planned against the day when the canned goods must do their bit towards sustaining life in this good old world. SALMON 1/2 ecwi salmon Two cloves garlic Kinchay, minced Green onions 1 egg WITH VEGETABLES A piece of ginger A medium-sized onion A bunch of pechay A medium-sized sayote Lard, patis Pound the gingef, squeeze a few drops into the salmon, mix. Saute garlic and half the onion, add salmon, season with patis. •Hook until almost dry, add the green onion minced. Beat the egg. Roll a teaspoon of salmon in corn starch and dip in the beaten egg. Set aside. Cook the vegetables thus: saute garlic, onion, add pe­ chay cut into pieces, minced kinchay, and cubed sayote. Season with patis. Add the salmon balls. Pour two cups of water and boil till done. SWEET-SOUR STRING BEANS 2 tablespoons butter 1/4 teaspoon pepper 2 tablespoons flour 2 tablespoons sugar 1 cup bean liquor 2 tablespoons vinegar 1/2 teaspoon salt 1 can string beans Brown butter well, and flour and brown, then add liquid from can of beans and cook until smooth. Add seasonings, then besns and heat thoroughly. CANNED CORN WITH BEEF 1 pound ground beef 1 can corn Salt and pepper 1 cup bread or cracker crumbs ■ 2 eggs, slightly beaten Season ground beef with salt and pepper, add ebrn, crumbs and eggs. Form into cakes; fry like sausage patties in hot fat in fry­ ing pan. --------------- ooOoo--------------r:N TO ONE YOUR shelf of tinned' goods holds a can or two of beets. Twenty to one you don’t know what to do with it, except to include it in your salad resolutions. Here’s one sure way with beets. BEET TIASH 1 can dice# beets Salt and pepper 5 potatoes, cooked and chopped 3 tablespoons butter Wash and drain J>eets, mix with potatoes. Season and place in frying pan with butter. Add small amount of water if necessary; stir while cooking to .prevent sticking. Brown on one side, turn with pancake turner and brown other side. --------------- ooOoo--------------In the meantime, while waiting for the food shortage to really hit our middle, we can do something about the precious ham and bot­ tled juices still left in the grocery stores. This recipe uses orange juice with ham. Try jt. FRIED 6 portions fried ham 2 tablespoons flour HAUL, ORANGE SAUCE 2 cups orange juice 2 oranges sliced Sliced oranges Fry ham and place on hot platter. Add flour to ham fat in pan, brown it lightly. Add orange juice, stir and cook five min­ utes, or until sauce is thick. Pour sauce around ham, garnish with sliced oranges. QUICK MEAT STEW 2 cups diced cooked meat 2 tablespoons flour {beef or pork) 2 tablespbons fat 1 can vegetable soup Brown meat in fat, add flour and brown. Add soup and cook until thickened. (Use mushrooms or onion soup) A|CROS'S THE Oceans, fashion designers are paying tribute to what . they call “the first peaceful summer in five years.” They have designed dresses that pre gay and “musical.’’ Consider this: Gay bolero, vivid red hue. . . over a dusky dress of smart navy blue cleverly designed with a high neck and no sleeves- • . there is front fullness for the skirt accented by a wide leather belt peppered with glittering stars. ---------------ooOoo-------------— T'HE WRAP-AROUND tie-on skirt is back in conjunction with the play shorts. The idea is to have a dressy blouse and dressy shorts for gadding about, then when play is done, you tie on your skirt and go to town. Which explains jersey as a play'short. ---------------ooOoo--------------HERE ARE three blouses, all new: (1) cotton in pastel shades with hand appliqued and hand embroidered leaves hovering around the drawstring neckline (2) A pure silk party blouse with bead ac­ cents around the neck, has cap sleeves and button-down back (3) Another pure silk number with an inverted V-design running from the side sea,ms at the waidt and pointing to a clever petaled jabot at the throat. ---------------ooOoo-----:---------THERE ARE prints that may be hostile in the counter but docile on the back of the right gal. We are speaking of Lourdes Alunan who wore an otherwise distracting jersey print with aplomb to a Malacanan tea. It was peplumed and banded with black net. ----------- —ooOoo----------:----NiYLON EVENING jackets are the latest. Have one in black with fabulous trimming abound the edges, like cord loops with glit­ tering centers. ------- - -------ooOoo--------------SOMEWHERE IN OUR fashion pages here we have a panuelo-less terno embellished with glittering stars. Now here’s a tailored suit that has no business having star embellishments. But it has. And‘it is called the “celestial suit.” JULY, 1946 PAGE 21 STATISTICS THE CLUB WOMEN’S Bulletin Board TWO FILIPINO nurses, Lts. Gregoria Espinosa and Benilda Cas­ taneda toured Hollywood as guests -of the U. S. State Department and the surgeon general’s office in Washington. Both served through Bataan and Corregidor campaigns. CHASTITY BELT. In Atlantic City, a man is out on bail of $1000 for locking his wife in a chastity belt^ashioned after those used in jnedieval days. A TWO-HEADED BABY was born to Enriqueta Bunag of Pinamalayan, Mindoro. The child lived only for one hour. FIRST AMERICAN SAINT. Mo­ ther Frances Cabrini of Chicago was canonized on June 13, thus becoming the first American saint in the Roman Catholic Church. DECORATED. President Manuel A. Roxas was decorated with the Distinguished Service Star and the Distinguished Star with Anahaw leaf for valuable military ser­ vices in Bataan and Corregidor. JLiUCKY 13. In Philadelphia there is a lucky policeman, Jim Nichol­ as, by name. He has 13 letters in his name, comes from a family of 13, is attached to the 13th police district, and has worn his present badge No. 13 for the last 13 years. HIGHEST PAID INDIVIDUAL. Thomas Leo McCary, ParamountPictures director, is ranked as America’s highest paid individual, being listed as receiving $1,113,035 annualy. America’s highest paid woman is Carmen Miranda, salary $201,458 per annum. WANT TO LIVE 150 years? Try Alexander Bogomolata’s recently discovered life-serum called ACS. It is supposed to stretch the nor­ mal life span to 150 years. EXCOMMUNICATED. F a t her Ferdinando Tartaglia, an Italian priest for the Archidiocese of Flo­ rence, had been excommunicated for the rest of his life “for spreading false doctrines.” NEW CHIEF JUSTICE. Secret­ ary of the Treasury Fred Vinson has been nominated by President Truman. He will become the 13th Chief Justice of America’s high­ est tribunal. —ABROAD— From the All-India Women’s Conference came a letter still ad­ dressed to our own Mrs. Escoda. It was a “cordial invitation” to her and other representatives of women’s organizations in the Phil­ ippines to attend the eighteenth annual sessions ,in Hyderabad, Sind. The president and chair­ woman, Shimati KamalaBeri, who sent the letter said that the “ties of friendship between Indian wo­ men and those of other countries near us should be strengthened and extended”. The letter arrived six months after it was mailed and it was too late to do anything about this invitation. Incidentally, Mrs. Kamaladeri was one of the women submitted by the NFWC to the Cpmmittee of Invitations for the inauguration of the Phil­ ippine Republic. Another of the many clubwomen whose first communications were addressed to Mrs. Escoda is Mrs. Virginia G. McPheeters, State Extension Secretary of the Gen­ eral Federation of Women’s Clubs and currently residing in Golds­ boro, North Carolina. Mrs. Mc­ Pheeters was in the Philippines from March 1922 to the spring of 1924 as Director of Nursing of the Philippine Red Cross and among the Filipipp women she re­ members are Mrs. Sofia R. de Veyra, Mrs. Francisco Delgado, Miss Maria Tinawin, Mrs. Genara de Guzman, Mrs. Socorro Diaz, and Mrs. Enriqueta M. Adriano. She also mentioned Dr. Fabella, when she remembered the child welfare centers established by the 'women’s clubs in cooperation with the Bureau of Public Welfare. According to Mrs. McPheeters, their National Federation of Wo­ men’s Clubs has added to its prog­ ram and objective a plan for “pro­ moting understanding and mutual helpfulness” between the Amer­ ican clubs and Foreign and Ter­ ritorial Clubs. The North Carolina Federation of which she is State Chairman has chosen the Philip­ pines. We are quoting herewith, part of what Mrs. McPheeters said further, “the relationship of the People of the Philippines and the U.S. has always been cordial but the experience of the war has drawn us very close. Many of our prisoners of war are indebted for their lives to Filipinos who smug­ gled food to them at great risk to themselves. And the Whole world has been stirred with ad­ miration of the way the Filipino soldiers fought at Bataan”. Their clubs will make contributions to a fund to help re-establish the program of social service of the NFWC of the P.I. The San Francisco City and County Federation of Women’s Clubs has likewise extended its hand across the Pacific and prom­ ised to assist its sister organiza­ tion “emerge from four years of inactivity to resume its place in community life.” According’ to Mrs. Benjamin Warmer, Califor* nia Federation president, they are going to help their sisters across the sea rebuild their home. This address was in response to an ap­ peal made by Mrs. Fstela R. Sulit .who described the destruction of the/NFWC clubhouse. Mrs. Sulit thought of a plan she has to raise some money for us here, which would be a benefit sponsored by the San Francisco NFWC. The Filipino program under Mrs. Sulit’s direction would all be free contributions from talented per­ formers. A significant recognition of the status of our Federation is the inclusion through the recommen­ dation of the General Federation of Women’s Clubs, of two dele­ gates to represent the NFWC in the proposed conference to be held by the International Assembly of Women in New York next October 12-22. IN MANILA Major General R. Jalandoni, Chief of Staff of the Philippine Army, commended the work of the NFWC for the “generous aid it extended to the soldiers and their families during the period of their internment in Camp O’Donnell. 'We quote, “During a time of in­ describable physical suffering and moral anguish, the members of the National Federation of Wo­ men’s Club came to the comfort and assistance of our soldiers, en­ during many sacrifices and risking. suspicion and punishment, in or­ der to perform a task of the high­ est patriotism”. The planting of memorial trees as initiated by the Federation has been received with such interest -by everyone,, so much so that ar­ rangements are being made to in­ clude it in the official program of activities for July 4. Mrs. Henares, the committee of one of the NFWC, has been likewise desig­ nated to head the committee for the planting ceremonies. The tentative plan is to have the narra tree planted in the plaza in front of the City Hall in the afternoon of July 4. Slowly, but surely the commit­ tee on Nursery classes headed by Mrs. Benavides is rehabilitating the classes which constituted one of the main projects of the Fede­ ration before the war. Mrs. Bena­ vides was likewise appointed to be in charge of preparing the leaf­ let which will contain a brief his­ tory and account of the NFWC activities. Some of the visitors of the NFWC headquarters were Miss Mary Wyckoff of the USO; Mrs. Maria L. Lopez of Moncada, Tarlac; Mrs. Francisca A. Herrera of Morong, Rizal; Mrs. Paz M. Catolico of Tuguegarao, Cagayan; Mrs. Miguela N. Colorado of Macatoc, Naujan/ Mindoro; Mrs. Jabson of Pasig, Rizal; Mrs. Fresnada Tugade of Santo Domingo, Tlocos Sur; Miss Felicitas Gonza­ les of -Marilao, Bulacan; Miss Ines Y. Garcia of Santiago, Isa­ bela; Madam E. Kollerman; Mrs. Elpidia E. Bonanza of Cavite Ci­ ty; Mrs. Manikad and Mrs. Bagawa of Santiago, Isabela; Mrs. Victoria Romillo of Aparri, Caga­ yan; Mrs. Caridad Concepcion, Miss Adela Casas, and Miss Vic­ toria R. Paguyo, Manila; Miss Andrea Afilada of Pasay, Rizal; Mrs. Visitacion R. Juan of Laoag, Ilocos Norte; Mrs. Felipa Festin Negado of Manila; Mrs. Paz M. Catolico of Tuguegarao, Cagayan. IN THE PROVINCES Leyte— Through the advice and help of (Continued on page 28) PAGE 22 -WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL YEAR Zfojwdy and (faationA Harvest,, or after you received your Back Pay or after you gained ior: In any manner— of the future of your dear chi: ___their Happiness and Prosperity. THINK of the School where your children will learn Busi­ ness trade and Profession for their financial independence and se­ curity that will glorify them as long as they live, and THINK of the school whose good reputation and trustworthiness is vouchsafed and relied upon with confidence by thousands of happy and grateful parents. ArTER their graduation they will be successful dressmakers, expert beauticians and master tailors or they can establish their own Dress Shops, Beauty Shops and Tailor Shops with steady big income. Be sure to enroll your dear children in the Leading and Famous DE LtXE FASHION SCHOOL The Pioneers, The Oldest, The Biggest in the Far East—and the alma-mater of thousands of successful Dressmakers, expert ^?ster TaUors a11 over the Islands. They are our living testimonies. Ours is not a CLAIM nor is it a mere PROPAGANDA—IT'S THE LIVING TRUTH. DRESSMAKING—HAIR SCIENCE BEAUTY CULTURE & MEN’S TAILORING Open invitation to all: We cordially invite you and your friends to visit this institution and see for yourself the thousands of students attending their classes. See how we train them in their chosen profession from A to Z orderly. We teach them the easy method in the shortest time to lehm but economically. We assure you of the best technical instruction with minimum expense and social Justice to all. Etaroll at Dasmarlfias corner David near People’s Bank or at 1424 Azcarraga-Dulungbayan bridge or mall this coupon to De Luxe Fashion School and ask for FREE PROSPECTUS. Name.................................................................................; Address.,............................................. ................................ Informative • Persuasive * Vital * Complete JULY, 1946 PAGE n SYMBOMJF WOMEN’S! AOIWVMWS' (Continued from page 12) the musical activities of the school. She was member and soloist of the Mixed Glee Club besides be­ ing piano accompanist of the school orchestra. And so it is that her being the heart and soul of the Manila Symphony Society can not be questioned. A musician on her own right she has the tempera­ ment for the job she has under­ taken in this line of cultural en­ deavor. For well nigh 20 years now, that is since 1926 when the late Alexander Lippay first thought of presenting concerts to Manilans, Mrs. Legarda has been part and parcel of this musical world. She has been able to maintain a balance, though, of her inter­ ests. In her own words, “Although since then my activates have been largely in the musical field, I continued to take an active in­ terest as a member in the differ­ ent women's organizations such as the National Federation of "Women’s Clubs, the Catholic Wo­ Everything FOR THE KITCHEN AU Kinds >oif lURIOIN MIOINlGOE®nr PAINTS and BUILDING STEEL ALL AT Reasonable Prices YUTTVO SONS HARDWARE CO. 404 DASMARINAS MANILA men’s League of which I was a member of the Board of Directors for several years, the Associated Charities of Manila of which I was Vice-president up to the time of its dissolution in 1940 and the Y.W.C.A. The “Asociacion Musical de Filipinas” had its turn to be benefitted by the genius of this ex­ ceptional woman when in 1927 to 1929 Mrs. Legarda became its Vice-President. Then in 1932 when she had her hands full of family, what v’ith a four-year old son and a one-year old baby girl, plus cooking lessons which she was taking at the Cocina Moderno del Hogar, the newly organiz­ ed Manila Symphony Society drafted her to be its president. To date she is still President of the Manila Symphony Society. Of this particular line of en­ deavor, Mrs. Legarda can be quoted as. saying: “The work of the society in presenting sym­ phony concerts regularly every year and making the Filipinos symphony-conscious is now a de­ finite achievement. Before the war, the Manila Symphony Soc­ iety’s work received favorable comment in the pages of Time. After the liberation, the concerts which have been held mostly for the Armed Forces (and a few for the civilians) have made the pages of not only Time, but also Life, Newsweek, Musical Amer­ ica, Etude and practically all the important papers in the United . States.’’ Just before the war when the late Josefa Llanes-Escoda organ­ ized the Girl Scouts of the Philip­ pines her first cry for help was directed to Mrs. Legarda again who does not have the word “No” in her vocabulary when service calls. As assigned her, she became Vice-Commissioner of the Advi­ sory Council, a position she .holds to this date. The war years filled many in­ teresting pages in the career of this tireless woman. Her straightfrom-the-shotflder resume of this interlude reveals that during the occupation she refrained from public activity. ‘When in Feb­ ruary, 1942, the Japanese propa­ ganda Officer asked me to reor­ ganize the Symphony Orchestra, I found my way out of the dilemma...instead my family exerted its utmost to help the morale of the people by circulating what we heard over the shortwave. We also had contacts .with the under­ ground whose pleas for- help we alway^ answered... “The fall of Balaan brought with it a problem which we could not overlook. Although I could •not go personally to the prison oamps, We helped all we could by sending supplies to the war pris­ oners. When these prisoners were released and a call was issued to rehabilitate them by placing them in Convalescent Homes before they were shipped home, I ans­ wered the call and with a com­ mittee which I organized in Tfty district (Sampaloc) we were able to epen in September 1942, the first Convalescent * Home for re­ leased war prisoners in Manila, located ip Gral. Geronimo St. The government had no funds avail­ able, so our committee canvassed our district for all the necessary supplies. From September to December 1942 (four months) all’ expenses ‘were borne by our com­ mittee. We had as many as 200 convalescents in our Home. “In May, 1943, the Bureau of Public Welfare decided to open the first Home for War Widows and orphans in Manila. My com­ mittee, of which I was chairman, was requested to undertake this work. “When food, soap, clothing and other much needed commodities were almost impossible to secure in the latter part of 1944, I took the responsibility of procuring these and distributing them free to the very indigent families in Sampaloc...” ' Came liberation and the Manila Symphony .Society of which she is head, once more began its noble work of helping heal souls weary with war. The concert hall has been resounding periodically now that the Symphony’s program with the U.S. Armed forces has been eased up. Barely four months ago when the National Federation of Wo­ men’s Clubs had its election, Mrs. Legarda was unanimously chosen its president. It seems that there is no escaping her “first love.” Mirs. Legarda’s current preocupation has to do with the war brides. As chairman of the com­ mittee on helping the war brides who are going abroad to join their husbands get their bearings, Mrs. Legarda finds the work interest­ ing “though difficult, since it deals .with a problem which has a racial background.” The latest woman movement is the National Council of Women organized barely a month ago. Its charter members are the pres­ idents of 12 leading women’s or­ ganizations with headquarters in Manila^ The National Council is expected to act as the “National Conscience.” With Mrs. Legarda as its president the organization’s ability to play this role is not in question. Before we specify “the collec­ tion of precious nuggets” men­ tioned earlier in this article, let it go on record that this amazing woman is member of two commit­ tees for this inauguration of the Philippine Republic, to wit, the Reception Committee and The En-. tertainment Commitfee. The nine positions she holds; to date are: President, Manila Symphony Soc­ iety. President, National Federa­ tion of Women’s Clubs. President National Council of Women of the Philippines. Vice-Commissioner, Girl Scouts Advisory Council. Member, Board of Directors, Ca­ tholic Women’s League. Chair­ man, Committee ofi Special Home Service for War Brides, P. R. C. Member, Board of Directors, Wo­ man’s Club of Manila, Member Board of Directors, Philippine Association of Women Writers. Member, Honorary Board of Edi­ tors, Woman’s Home Journal. Major Benito Legarda and Mrs. Legarda have two children, Benito, Jr., age, 19 is actually in Washington, D.C., taking courses at Georgetown University, has plans to tike up Social Science in the Foreign Service Department... and Carmen, just turned 14 this July, is in second year High School of the Holy Ghost College. Like her mother, she is starting young. She is a member of the Girl Scouts of the Philippines and also of the Legion of Mary. PAGE M WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL (xhm&njh Thar <Xiva& By E. ft. BBN’AVIDES Writing about women, somebody once said that in the his­ tory of every famous man there lias always been a woman whose influence played a major role in his success. This tribute, com­ ing from a man, is very gratifying indeed, especially because his­ tory is so full of many such cases. Abraham Lincoln gave credit for his success in life to his mother, who was really his stepmother, at that. In his roman­ tic youth, the memory of Ann Rutledge gave the Great Eman­ cipator the courage to go on with his law studies. Many famous composers found inspiration for their music in the women of their dreams. Claire Wieck, wife of Robert Schumann, for example, was 'the inspiration for the best composition of this musical genius. Our own Jose Rizal spoke of his mother as the guiding power behind his achievements. He also found inspiration in his writings ir. his love for Leonor Rivera. Balagtas had his Maria Asuncion Ri­ vera for his muse when he wrote his masterpieces of Tagalog liter­ ature. Apolinario Mabini paid a high tribute to his mother in de­ dicating his book, “La Revolucion Filipina,’ to her. Many women, however, have made a name for themselves in their own right. Queen Elizabeth women of Japan, are doing creditrulpd England during the golden ably in their respective fields, age of English literature. It was Gen. MacArthur himself said that during her time that freedom of the Japanese women are "respondthought and free expression of ing magnificently to the challenge men’s minds were stimulated, re- of democracy.” suiting in the production of nu- in the United Nations organizamerous masterpieces of literature, tion, the women are ably repreFrom our earliest history, Fili- sented by Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt, pino women have occupied an ex- widow of the late great American alted position in their homes. They president, in her own right a have engaged in business and par- strong advocate of equality among ____ ____ ticipated in the affairs of the all races in the world. In the have given myself the community. UNO there are also other women In war and in peace the Filipi- delegates who are a credit to their no woman has shown that she can nations,, like Mrs. Frida Dalen of hold heir own with the men. Dur- Norway, Dean Virginia Gildering the Revolution, woman played sleeve and Mrs. Esther Brunauer, important roles, like feeding the both also of the United States, fighting men, as in the case of Mrs. Brunauer had the distinction Tandang Sora; they nursed the having been the first women to sick and the wounded, as in the sPeak for her country before the cases of the wife of Gen. Aguinal- United Nations Commission. do, Crescencia San Agustin de Even in the American Hall of THE WOMEN SO'UN Dl OFF ON INDEPENDENCE (Continued from page 9) PURA VILLANUEVA-KALAW, FEMINIST I feel overjoyed and I thank the Almighty for allowing me to live long enough to see. the dreams of my forefathers come into reality. The Filipino women have been always, since the early days of Maria Gabriela Silang, co^participants in the fight for the free­ dom of the Philippines. With the independence of our country they will have more opportunity to serve our people and, like the Ameri­ can women of the West, the Filipino Women will lead her sisters of the East in advancement and progress. TROPHY OCAMPO, SECRETARY OF THE VSAC During a forty-odd year transition toward a democratic trend under the guiding hand of our mother America, Filipino women have advanced far in their assumption of responsibility to their country, church, and home. The social and economic obligations of the wom­ en of this land will once more be increased as we take our place amongst independent nations of the world. Our Philippine women well recognize the basic responsibility that women, throughout the world have accepted since time began,—the keeping of the home and the raising of the family. But be not mis­ guided by that man-made heresy that a woman’s place is at home. If tne proper time has arrived for us women to prove to our men that we too play an important role in contributing to the betterment of our government, now is the ^time. Be the leaders in your community in encouraging anti-famine home gardens. Advocate and observe health rules and regulations, thus preventing epidemics. Initiate the campaign against lawlessness in your district by ameliorating and brightening conditions, thus a better government. And above all, plant the seeds of obedience and respect to your children that these children may come to learn their value. For these are the future generation, these are the future leaders. men, as in the cases of Agueda Kahabagan and Teresa Magbanua. Still iresh in our memories is the sacrifice made by our women during the recent war. Josefa Llanes Escoda and her girls of the National Federation of Women’s Clubs and the VS AC stand out in the field of supreme self sacrifice and valor. No less important was the contribution made by other women’s organizations during the critical period of our history. They led dangerous lives by help­ ing Filipino and American priso­ ners of war and by boosting the morale of the people. All over the world the women are holding their own in this man’s world. Even those who have recently been emancipated, like the NATIVIDAD TEODORO, A TEACHER At last the star , of freedom shall shine on us on July four, this year. After that, what? I am a, teacher hitch-hiking my way along lanes and bypaths heading for the crossroads. I am not weary, for freedom is at hand. Like the coming of the New Year, when I get ready -with my resolu­ tions, I confess I have made resolutions, for my guide after Inde­ pendence. To me the outlook is bright and clear, just like the teacher who sees the silver lining behind every dark cloud. Gladly shall I arise from my cold inertia to which I 1___ ................. last few years, I shall willingly prod my courage to pursue the con­ fusing detours,—nay, to labour like the miner in pursuit of gold, and from my catedra preach the new gospel of practical political economy just so the economic way of life shall be identified with the fibre and finish of each child’s education. I shall awaken in the young hearts love of work and the dignity of labour; I shall instill in the pristine . minds the beauty of synchronized collaboration in all honest endea­ vours. I shall always make it a matter of service to direct young eyes towards alert civic-spiritedness, guide those willing hands in the performance of whatever deed is noble and true and kind. Let these words reach young ear§; live simply, work honestly, think clear- Santos and Josephine Bracken de Fame, seven women occupy niches ly, respond wholeheartedly to the call of duty and do away with petty Rizal, widow of our national he- along with sixty men for achievvanities. ro; they fought side by side with ing distinction in their lifetime. JULY, 1946 PAGE 25 THE GOOD RIVER (Continued from page 15) the self-appointed overseer of Aguacil’s flourishing house, had authorized them to use the net. “You' shouldn’t have accepted the net,” Lilay chided the twins. “If we should accidentally tear it, Aguacil will be angry. We’ll put Piscong into trouble, too.” She spoke now with a great air of se­ riousness, the while she dragged onle end of the net, with the twins at the other end, while Bucay the albino lugged the buri sack behind her; and so that she would not feel, its weight, she trolled it sub­ merged in water all the while. Aqd'Lilay’s concern over the net was not misplaced. The hem­ pen fabric was old, and there was every reason to fqar that they would not be able to return it in the same condition Tarang and Tasan had received it. “Be really careful now,” she told the boys. “Don’t drag too hard. Let the tigue alone, if off they must jump!” “Hey, there!” shouted some one in the line of bodies that formed a fish corral. “Don’t try to catch all of the fish. Leave a few to ua.” "And drive them this way!” said another. “Now, that’s being neighborly.” TIA KARDA, the barrio mid­ wife, had not missed the event. She had come with her niece Maris. And side by side, they squatted in the river bottom, the water reaching up to their breast. Each had a small buri container, now already heavy with catch, at­ tached to the waist with a hem­ pen string. The fish ■ squirmed about, titil­ lating the women’s legs and wrig­ gling in the dark private world of water-drenched bodies. “We’ll have enough fish for weeks,” said the young girl Maris thoughtfully. “We’ll have enough to cook,, enough to roast in the fire for breakfast next morning, enough to dry in the sun and keep for hard times.” “We’ll catch all we can,” said the woman Tia Kaida. And pee­ ing Bojol and Kikay with a net, dragging the water towards the half-moon of the fish coral, the old woman shouted: “Ho, there! That you might have the heart to leave some of the fish for us!” “Have no fear,” Kikay shouted back. “The net is Aguacil’s, and it’s about the worse there is. It’s as holey as a broke sieve!” The remark was not worded in­ nocently. There had been £alk about her having had Aguacil come to her on many a night; now Kikay thought it would do her well to say the trader’s name in public with a touch of the bitter­ est gall. Kikay dragged the net while her son Felipe followed close behind with a basket, and even as the fish was as plentiful as the peebles QUIZ 1. If you had some sweetbreads .would you (a) broil them, (b) spread them with.jam, (c) eat them with ice cream. 2. What is napery? 3. In what city is the Alhambra? 4. What month in the year has the longest name? 5. Is a bank which is solvent able to pay its debts? 6. What was Eleanor Roosevelt’s family name before her marriage? 7. What is the White Plague? 8. Who is Judy’s husband? 9. What is M-day? 10. Benares is the holy city of what country? 11. How often are cloudy days in Hawaii? 12. Distinguish between a megalith and a monolith. 13. By whom was Huey Long assasinated? 14. Who is known as the Father of the League of Nations? lg. Haile Selasie claimed descent from what Biblical characters? 16. What is a sustaining program on the radio? 17. What is the most highly developed animal? 18. What is suffocation by immersion in a liquid called ? 19. What implement does Father Time always have with him? 20. What is Wendell Wilkie’s middle name? Answers on p. 29 THREAT TO MORTALITY ITfHY SHOULD these night shadows turn ** Upon my ceiling so fast, so fast, As cars—symbols of memory—go past My city where restless flames burn? Restless, fiery flames that seek to betray What Mary Magdalene has done to me. Ah, the city of my body is charred gray: Eloquent with debris, it won’t let me be. No human voice is here nor lifting hand; For my friends, exiled by circumstance, Know not my agony nor my lone stand — So here I am, while around me flames, dance. Though my weakness they seek to find, Somehow the flames that on my city bum Fail to touch my inner room where turn Symbols of faith, fail to tinge my mind. Aie, these threats to my frail, mortal shell Are weak against the strength of my citadel. MANUEL A. VTRAY This is a beautiful world to live in, and you should feel cheated if you have to miss one bit of it. But jto live fully, you have to be able to do things easily: work hard, play plenty, and, indeed, meet life's challenge head-on. —Charm. on the beach, she remembered, to ask the old woman: “Does it hurt one to stay in the water, if one’s heavy with child?” she shouted to Tia Karda, knowing her to be a wise person about such matters. Kikay was in the con­ dition she had just described, and, before all men and God, this was her husband Bojol’s and not Agua­ cil’s. All of a sudden, she became self-conscious about the weight of the new life within her. The ri­ ver was warm and loving. . She knew it would not hurt her to stay and be held long in the wa­ ter’s embrace. But the old woman Tia JCarda, bodywise, and with a petulance all her own, now said: “You’ll do well to go home soon.” “Oh, no,” said Kikay, defiantly. And she was sure she meant it, too. The river loved her with a silent triumph of passion no man can ever attain. “Not till the ri­ ver grows cold,” she said, “—and not till it deserts me,” she added to herself. '“Now, that’s your affair,” Tia Karda shouted back, as though she knew what the other woman had been thinking about. JShSS, ■ OISEASES ,lWfriQnsnDjEM «« — , ..l.-------drug stem Dr. PAGE 26 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL THE PIANO (Continued, from page 10) not cruel, they never at least, it was apparent to her, did the things they did out of other motives ex­ cept that they did not wish her to be exposed to the ridicule of other people. They would much rather laugh her to death in their own circle than have her smiled at out­ side of it. But about the piano she was adamant. For once in her life she allowed herself to say some of the mean things she had been think­ ing to herself about her children, the daughters and the sons. For the girls looked at her, that laught­ er in their eyes. And her sons would put an arm around her shoulder and she could almost feel the glances they exchanged with their sisters. They would be, she was sure, telling themselves that she was in one of her moods again. But it was her money. This was the time when she found that the things she had kept through the. years, the useless things, the things that were heavy with sentiment, but had outlived their helpfulness, the things that she could not bear to throw away because it seemed to her they were so much like her­ self—these things commanded a price now. There were people after all who were in rags and could use the moth eaten; mothball-smelling things she was going to throw away. And there were people too, people with pianos, who had out­ lived the dream in the nightmare of living, and were willing to sell their pianos away. At first she was going to bring her children with her on the trips she took to places she had not known existed, on errands to look at pianos advertised for sale. But there was that laughter, that sel­ fishness, yes, selfishness, that they showed. The many things they said. The many goods they counted that they did not have, that they could -use so much more, so much better, than a piano. So she went alone. And she went into houses that were small and dark, but held pianos. And she wept in her heart for them, because she realized what need it must be that would let them part with a thing like a piano, with a thing that sang like a piano could sing. And she would envy them, envy them the long years during which they had had the piano with them, envy them the music they had had, the solace that their pia­ no must have offered. Wherever she went, she asked someone to play the piano to her, and in her heart, the heart under the breast hanging flabby from nursing the children .who laughed now that they were grown; under the head of hair that was streak­ ed with gray; that heart leapedand sang, that heart met the mu­ sic with valiant rapture, and she would say to herself, someday, I too shall play like that. She bought the piano at last. It was a piano she found in a house that was built on stilts. It was in a place where the water in the streets and under the houses was rank and green and stale, and ne­ ver dried. So the stilts were to keep the house out of the mud. And they were built especially high to keep the piano in beautiful tune. When she heard it played, she weipt. Tears that she quickly wiped away, because she remem­ bered that her daughter would be angry with her if they knew she was so ridiculous. But she wept because the piano was being play­ ed by a girl who gnashed her teeth, who turned away while the bar­ PAGE w gaining over the piano’s price was going on. She was a girl with a slight limp, and when she went to the piano to comply with the re­ quest to play, she limped and in the woman’s sentimental heart, it seemed to her the limp was not only a physical hurt but also a spiritual pain. For she could see the girl’s hands tremble as she swept the piano’s draperies away, and she saw the love and the ago­ nized affection in the fingers that impassioned over the keys leapt and smashed away. When she paid for the piano she assured them that when they wish­ ed they could buy the piano back. But of course she and the girl knew, between them they knew, between the glancqs they exchang­ ed, the young eyes hot and angry, the old ones compassionate, they counted as though on an open table the cost of rice, and they saw as if it were a tangible thing, the hunger that men felt everywhere. She could not play. In all the dreaming in the wishing, and the yearning, the intensity, the sweet pain had been intensified, been deepened by the knowledge that she could not play. She hired teach­ ers and please don’t smile, but she could not overcome the shyness that possessed her when she tried to school her fingers into the po­ sitions necessary and she found that they were too gnarled, that the bones had hardened, that the muscles had grown too set in the ways of the mother who feeds her young and cares for them cons­ cientiously, through the slowly pa­ cing, the relentless mocking gyra­ ting days. But the piano was there. In her house. When all the children were asleep, when she knew their eyes were safely closed, their lids over the mocking look, she would steal to the piano. She would draw the draperies aside, and steal a gentle hand over the wood so black­ ly shining. Then she would open the keyboard, and on the ivory keys rest her fingers, in an ap­ proximation of the positions her often impatient piano teacher would wish her to assume. And JULY, 1946 with her feet on the pedals, she would close her eyes, and rush into that land that time and that world .where she was young, and happy and alone in the splendor of the dream realized in dreaming. And in the stillness of that house, no one was alive to the life she lived, in that land peopled by her fantasies, that happy ghost land in which she reigned queen and ruler, music her scepter and her wand. Little mice would squeak in the dusty rafters, and the scurry­ ing of their feet would not disturb her phantoms. A cricket chirp­ ing of the centuries he had wit­ nessed in telepathic sleep would add the thread of its chirr * to the weave of the music that flicked and flashed and swirled in her dreaming mind. In but a very short while, her house was burned. And the piano burned with it. There were things they were able to save, but not the piano. When the flames were hot­ test, and the boys, her sons were lugging out the last of the things they could save, she almost forgot herself, she almost went to them to beg them to drag the piano out. But she remembered, and she kept quiet. And while the bayonets of the Japanese who had burned her house were pointed at her, she surveyed the flames, and watch­ ed the walls of the house tumble, and when it reached the piano and she saw the gleaming surface blis­ ter first, and then flame into hot avid fire, she turned her face away. When she looked again, the house was a mass of ashes and tumbled scarred wood, littered with the POEM My boy sailed off, A clean April wind In the quiet hour of sunrise. O God, I prayed, Bring him safely back to me. My boy came home, A creeping mist Over crossless mounds of earth. Mother, a voice whispered, He safely sailed me Home. —OSCAR DE ZUNIGA skeletons of furniture that had seen her and her children through the life of so many years. And she saw the lyre-shaped skeleton of the piano that she had so loved, and she remembered the little girl with the limp, the eyes that had so hotly shoym their fierce love, and once more, she wept, and once more, she wiped her tears away. But when they started to look about them, and count the few things that they could still call pos­ sessions after that great fire, she felt somehow not unhappy. Her children looked at her and she looked back at them, and she saw the grief in their eyes because they had lost so much, so much that they in their unwise wisdom thought would take so long to re­ gain again. But they had not any of them these strangers, these un­ knowns she had given birth to. they had not lost as much as she had lost. But they were unhappier far than she. Becaupe^she had something they never had, some­ thing they might never have, be­ cause they were such strangers, siich a people so unlike to herself, they would never have what she had. Out of all the dreams, the world has dreamed and lost, out of all the things that men yearn for and strive for, out of ell the ecstacy that paradise might have held and mortals remember dimly, achingly, in their inner souls, she had had one dream. Answered. Realized. And they would wonder, but she could smile. And some­ day perhaps she could resume her journey into the vision again. THE CUUB WOMEN’S BULLETIN BOARD (Continued from page 22) Mrs. Hilaria Uy who headed the Relief Mission of the PRRA, the Woman’s Club in Villaba was re­ organized, with the following of­ ficers: President, Mrs. Caridad R. Esmas; Amelia G. Lonborg, Vice President; Mirs. Fructuosa R. Domael, Secretary; Mrs. Mauricia P. Villamor, Treasurer; Mrs. Nieves V. Pajaron, Mrs. Claudia C. Terez, auditors; Miss Gorgonia Monaque, Miss Milagros Garcia, Miss Dolores Tumanak, Sergeant at Arms; Advisory Board: Mrs. Quirina P. Burgos', Mrs. Emilia M. Ibafies, Mrs. Rosario C. Bur­ gos, Mrs., Filomena Omega, Mrs. Marcelina L. Apilar, Mrs. Leonar­ ds P. Cortes, Mrs. Fe T. Licay; Mrs. Ramona G. Mulet, Miss Es­ peranza Rubillos, Miss Fe Rubillos, and Miss ApoIonia Canares. According to the report of the President, Mrs. Esmas, the Jap­ anese made their .last stand in that town and mopping up opera­ tions were going on until July of last year. The most urgent need is work animals to rehabilitate the farms most of which are still ideal. Malaria and starvation re­ sulted in high mortality among the inhabitants, and many of the survivors are still undernourished, although the health condition ,is gradually improving. The first project of the club is to raise funds for the reopening of the puericulture centers. Mindoro— The hardships that the com­ munity underwent during the past years of the occupation prompted the women of Macatok, Naujan to organize themselves into a Wo­ man’s Club. The officers of this new club are: MJrs. Miguela N. Colorado, President; Mrs. Juliana M. Garcia, 1st. Vice President; Mrs. Cayetana Madriaga, 2nd. Vice President; Mrs. Agripina Cauile, Secretary; Mrs. Fernanda Batalla, Sub-secretary; Mrs. Pe­ tra Nacino, Treasurer; Board of Directors: Mrs. Maria Nilo, Mrs. Francigca Ballares, Mts. Trinidad Vidal; Mrs. Aurelia N. Madria­ ga, Mrs. Simeona E. Alata; Mrs. Carmen N. Colorado, Mrs. Mag­ dalena Roldan, Miss Leila E. Cadaun, Miss Francisca T. de la Cruz, and Miss Rosalina Nilo; Mirs. Colorado, the President, was in Manila, lately to find out more information about club projects, specially the Home Nursing. She was referred to Miss Abelgas of the PRC who arranged with her the details of the project. La Union— The members of the Balaoan Woman’s Club are very much in­ terested in the projects suggested by Mrs. Legarda in her circulars, specially the food production cam­ paign. The club is likewise helping the puericulture center and depos­ ited recently the sum of four hun­ dred pesos in the Municipal Treasury to help maintain the Center. The Puericulture Center Club is headed by Mrs. Adriana A. Albayalde with Mrs. Geronima Pulmano as Secretary. The complete list of officers of the Woman’s Club is as follows: Mrs. Hipolita Rodriguez Wellborn, President; Mrs. Matilde O. Basconcillo, Vice President; Mrs. Ca­ talina A. Lopez, Secretary; Mrs. Maria G. Oliver, Treasurer; Board of Directors: Mrs. Buena P. Lo­ pez, Mrs. Clara C. Octaviano, Mrs. Paula R. Collado, Mrs. Severa 0. Ordinario, Mrs. Emeteria Ordinario, Miss Batilde Turalva, Miss Catalina Castaneda, and Miss So­ corro Tadiar. Rizal— The officers of the Club of Te^eea are: Mrs. Alejandra J. Baltazar, President; Mrs. Aurelia S. Esteban, Vice President; Mrs. Cornelia E. S. Jose, Secretary; Mrs. Eugenia B. Cruz, Treasurer; Mrs. Ceferina A. S. Jose, Assis­ tant Treasurer; Mrs. Simeona C. Francisco, Auditor; Mrs. Engracia T. Cruz, Adviser; Board of Directors: Mrs. Catalina An, Mrs. Maria C. Aquino, Mrs. Leoncia Feliciano, Mirs. Engracia T. Cruz, Mrs. Simeona C. Francisco, Mrs. Eugenia B. Cruz, Mrs. Encarna­ cion Alejandro, Mrs. Filomena Santiago, Mrs. Maria Esguerra, and Mrs. Maria S. Garsonillas. Iloco8 Norte— The Sarrat Woman’s Club has likewise reported the following of­ ficers: Mrs. Melecia A. Patel, President; Mrs. Guillerma P. Za­ bala, Vice President; Mrs. Gui­ llerma Racela, Secretary; Mrs. Lourdes M. Agcaoi’li, Sub-secreta­ ry; Miss Ana Paculan, Treasurer; Mrs. Mercedes Edralin, Sub-' Treasurer; Board of Directors: Mrs. Florencia R. Reyes, Mrs. Rufina G. Legaspi, Mrs. Victoria P. de la Cuesta, Mirs. Micaela Agcaoili, Mrs. Tomasa L. Rivera, Adviser: Mercedes C. Pena. PAGE 28 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL WOMAN’S ROLE (Continued from pag'b 17) she can still be thrifty and sim­ ple, patient to bear all sufferings, courageous to stand for her ideals, and above all she still has faith in God and in the ability of her people to build for the future. The new Filipino woman has an important place in laying the spiritual foundation of the Inde­ pendent Philippines. Because she is a mother, she can fully com­ prehend and understand the needs of her community. In all our na­ tional undertakings therefore, an intelligent Filipino woman has a very important place. She will be needed in education to guide the youth in their groping for know­ ledge and in moulding their ideas that they will be just and upright. She will be needed in industry to humanize it that there shall be no exploitation of the weaker and less favored. In the law-making bodies, she will introduce reforms and fight .for the uplift of the common tao. The courts of Jus­ tice will need her heart that man be not sacrificed to satisfy the ends of revenge. Business will profit by her experiences in the finances of the home. She will curb the gambling and specula­ tive tendencies of men and advo­ cate an economy based on sound­ ness and stability and honesty. Welfare work is nearest to her ANSWERS TO QUIZ 1. Broil them. They are meat. 2. Household linen 3. In Granada Spain 4. September 5. Yes 6. Roosevelt 7. Tuberculosis, especially of the lungs 8. Punch 9. The day of mobilization 10. India 11. They are rare. Trade winds blow the clouds to sea. 12. Each is a huge stone or bould­ er used as a monument, but a megalith is of prehitoric times only. 13. By Dr. Carl Austin Weiss, Jr. 14. Hugh Grotious, a Holland ju­ rist. 15. Solomon and the Queen of sheba. 16. An unsponsored program us­ ually sustained by the station who broadcasts it. 17. Man 18. Drowning 19. A scythe 20. Lewis heart because the Filipino woman TfflS MONTH’S JOURNAL. (Continued from page 4) is charity personified. She will out forth her maternal instincts on a suffering humanity and work for the common welfare. For all the tasks ahead, she is well equipped. Nature has endowed her well. Her past has nurtured in her, virtues which give her fortitude. She is well-educated, better so than her Oriental sisters and as well as her Occidental sis­ ters. She enjoys political, econo­ mic and social freedom with no subsequent or consequent loss of prestige. Before this day, except a handful of civic-minded women, the majority are satisfied that their homes are well-kept and their families are healthy and happy. The suffering of the great majority is oblivious to them. It is nothing to them that other mothers’ children die with no me­ dical aid or that these children will live to be criminals. The streets may be dirty as long as it is not in front of their yards. There can be squalor, poverty, even indeceny as long as it is not in their homes. It is high time she realizes, that every woman is a Filipino woman whose well-being is her well-being, that every child is hers as well as others. She must begin taking interest in her neighbor, not, by destructive in­ terference but by helping to pro­ mote the welfare of her who lives nexti door. That is the Filipino woman of the independent Philip­ pines—modest, industrious, pa­ tient, and democratic and wide awake to the problems of her home and of her country. Such a Filipino woman does exist. We have a score of them who have successfully blended Ma­ ria Clara and the modern woman. We have Doha Aurora Quezon who with her queenly bearing and modesty helped a great Filipino leader steer the course of the nayields a thumbnail sketch—we say thumbnail, because Mrs. Le­ garda as the epitome of women’s achievements and participation in the task of world betterment, can not be portrayed in one measlylittle article-. The Symposium (pp. 8-9) took a week to knit to­ gether and was the first galley proof to hit the dummy. The women’s voices jusj; clamored for priority. Our lone woman Direc­ tor, Mrs. Peree would not compro­ mise on one stingy paragraph in which to expresfi her feelings * Woman’s Role (p. 17) is a cons­ cience that should guide the Filipirft after Independence. Like A.P.L., we, too, have the good fortune to be sole owner of the statement “I met and talked with Mrs. Escoda just a week or so before she was taken in.” It was at a, tea in Malacanan. She was earnestly talking to Pedro Sabido—worry etched on her face. It was about Tony, we knew. Just before the women broke up that afternoon Mrs. Esceda, overwrough that she was, still was able to give me her clear opi­ nion on what to do with the child­ ren who were then having a field day in the streets because they had no accommodations in the schools. THE PHILIPPINE RED CROSS (p. 14) is one of the sbcial and civic organizations which have picked up from where they left off when the war came. It is once more helping the less fortun­ ate weave life’s broken threads. In the coming issues we will read of the activities of the other agen­ cies. Teaming with the Red Cross in this issue is the Philippine War tion. Dona Tita whose energy inspired President O s m e ft a through a most trying and critical year. We have the present First Lady of the Land, Dona Trinidad Roxaa whose faith in God and tenderness of heart is bound to in­ fluence her distinguished hus­ band. There are Mrs. Sofia de Veyra, Dra. Maria Paz Guazon, Dra. Encarnacion Alzona, Josefa Jara-Martinez, Flora Hagan, Paz Mendez, Belen Enrile, Geronima Peeson, Pilar Lim, Josefa Escoda and Pura Castrence, Dona Pura Villanueva-Kalaw and a group of younger but equally talented women who will silently but sure­ ly and definitely lead the way for the building of a great and endur­ ing nation. Relief (Dependence and Indepen­ dence (p. 16). Informative and very enlightening and—not to be gainsaid—soothingly reassuring. N.V.M. GONZALES, who has made Mindoro his special literary preserve, contributes to our issue The Good River, in which once again he captures the color and tempo of the barrio life he loves to chronicle. Estrella Alfon-Rivera has more than nine lives. After a seige of bed-lying she is back, ruddier and plumpier than ever, and definitely at her best. Proof: The Piano (p. 10). Oscar de Zuniga who has a poem (p. 28) tells us that if The Piano were his story he would make the chil­ dren make a gesture at least of trying to save the piano from th^ flames. But Estrella’s dream is a dream all her own, and, if you ask us, the ending is consistent and couldn’t be better. Man On Strike is one of Loreto Paras-Sulit’s come-back pieces. After read­ ing it, we saw labor’s woes in an­ other interesting light. There is a conflict keen and apart from labor issues in the heart of a man on strike. Manuel Viray tried to use a pen name for his poem, but we ruled otherwise. Later on he read and re-read his poem as if he couldn’t remember that * he wrote it. Women In Their Lives by Mrs. Enriqueta Benavides is a very unassuming title for a comt pact piece on women and how great they are. THERE IS a school of thought among the women who object ve­ hemently to the panuelo-less terno, prototypes of which we pub­ lish in our Fashion pages. What school do you belong to?—ptg JULY, 1946 PAGE 29 GALLANT LADY (Continued from page 11) messages were delivered to re­ latives waiting at San Marcelino, while the rest were entrusted to members of her organization for discreet delivery to the right parties. Needless to say that be­ cause of her the fears that hounded many a harrassed family were allayed with the delightful discovery that the soldiers they were pining for or had given up for dead were alive. With the establishment of “contact” between prisoners and their relatives followed the ha­ zardous task of smuggling in camp money, medicines, and food from relatives and other interest­ ed parties. This was a ticklish and thankless job but she did not waver in her self-imposed job. But the rank and file of pri­ soners were not the recipient of life-prolonging medicines and money from the outside. They A thrilling new make-up, created in Hollywood, to impart breath-taking beauty with inspiring perfec­ tion. Campus is non-drying, because it is a secret blend of exquisite cream base and gossamer powder. Keeps your complexion petal-soft and fresh for hours. Smart fashion-right shades for today’s sophis­ ticate. Lipstick and rouge to harmonize. Fine Cosmetics Since 1886 Hollywood, California —distributors— ELIZALDE TRADING CORPORATION Muelle de la Industrla, Manila were the forgotten heroes. Bilt they were not entirely forgotten. Josefa Llanes Escoda saw their plight and understood. From various agencies and organizations and private citizens she obtained used clothings, med­ icines, money, worn-out shoes, wooden shoes, and even coconut husks to be used by the prisoners as plates. Then she would make frequent trips to camp and bring with her all these odds and ends that she and a host of others had collected from thoughtful persons. No wonder that her arrival at camp was anticipated by the pri­ soners much in advance and in the same manner that the hungry ftarth anticipates the first rain in June. With the liberation of the Bilipino prisoners, Josefa Llanes Es­ coda centered her time to help­ ing the American POWS and civilians interned at Santo To­ mas, Los Banos, Cabanatuan, and Bongabon. It was a nerveracking job that brought her nearer and nearer to Fort Santiago. For a long time her ac­ tivities in the camps, which she tried to cloak under the encom­ passing blanket of universal social work, were closely watched by the Japanese military authorities. In the manner of a vicious eat, they toyed with her as she followed .the American POWS from one camp to another. Then they sprung up the lid when her hus­ band Tony fell into their hands, along with General Lim who was to have aided General MacArthur in the latter’s liberation plans of the Philippines. They descended upon her one day and whisked her away to the fortress of forgotten men. Even Elvira had almost given up hope that November day I saw her at San Marcelino. That she was still' alive this much Elvira knew thru the grapevine. But would she ever come out of that Bastille alive? For many dark days and nights I pondered over this un­ answerable question. I fled from the city and rejoihed my family in evacuation in Nagcarlan, the “guerrilla” town. My wife, ever apprehensive over the fate of her leader and model, would often • voice this question. The bombs and canons and guns grew louder and louder and mingled in one deafening, huge crescendo, but this question continued to haunt those who knew Josefa Llanes Escoda. Then one day in the house in town where we sought refuge, a familiar visitor dropped in to say hello. The words of the radio commentator were still ranging in my ears that late afternoon. “Manila is the loneliest city on earth,” drawled the commentator. “The bloody fighting is still on in the Walled City as the trapped Japs continue to hold on...” Our visitor was one of the un­ derground leaders in our town. He was wont to drop at our. place of afternoons . after the usual afternoon short-wave broad­ cast. On that particular day our talk without much effort drifted to Josefa Llanes Escoda. “Mrs. Escoda is a saint,” said our visitor, Captain Bayhon, a “Death March” and Capas survi­ vor. “I’ll never forget what she did for me as long as I live. And I speak not only for myself but for the many othdfcs who are alive today because of her.” From a gallant man comes an­ other tribute to this gallant lady and her equally gallant husband. This eulogy was penned by the Man at Malacanang, President Manuel Acuna Roxas, on May 7, 1945, to "Major J. Razon, at that time with the Military Police Command, USAFFE. Wrote the man who was to receive the high­ est office within the command of his people: “I know of the highly meritorius relief work done by Mr. and Mrs. Antonio Escoda in the interest of Filipino and American prisoners of war and American and Allied internees. In this patriotic mis­ sion which they set for theniselves, the Escodas were tireless and without fear. Mr-. Escoda is also engaged in valuable intelli­ gence work directly under me and General Vicente Lim. When he was apprehended he was on his way to Samar to arrange for the unification of guerrillas there in compliance with my orders. Mrs. Escoda was arrested soon after her husband and they have never been heard of since.” That Josefa Llanes Escoda is no more of this earth seems to be the verdict. And so with her hus­ band Tony. Sharing the same cell with her in Fort Santiago was Sister M. Trinita, Superior of the Maryknoll Sisters. “For about four months, Mrs. Escoda and I shared the same cell in the Military Prison, and I was a witness to her heroism, loyalty and charity under most difficult and trying conditions,” wrote this reverend lady. “She often dis­ cussed plans for the future, when the war would be over, for her family, the Women’s Clubs and Girl Scouts. How joyfully she re­ called her years spent in the States studying, and how eagerly she looked forward to the time when her two children could go there to continue their education. I am sure that when the facts of their case become known, many posthumous honors and decora­ tions will be given them. I think the best memorial would be to fulfill the plans regarding the children. “It is reported that Mr. Escoda died at Bilibid Prison, and Mrs. Escoda was last seen at Fort Santiago on December 21, 1944. It is assumed that she is dead.” This gallant lady is dead but as long as there is one left of the Filipino and American prisoners she helped to live she would not be forgotten. Greater love hath no one than this woman, who gave up her life so that others might live. PAGE 30 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL MAN ON STRIKE (Continued from page 13) its sole occupant must be; his ease and unconcern in his cu­ shioned corner expressed unas­ sailable possession. He present­ ed a striikng picture of the suc­ cessful man, one felt his success had been gained by the quiet in­ telligence which glasses accen­ tuated on a aubduedly handsome face. The thorough absorption with which he attended to what he was reading seemed to attest to a past absorption responsible for his present state—possession of this beautiful, luxurious car, and his air of authority and well-being. Even the car’s non­ progress did not cause him to look up—or perhaps he purpose­ ly did not, knowing the opulent effect he and his car must have presented. To the man on the pavement waiting for the car to pass by, it was suddenly a crucial con­ cern that the owner inside the car should not look up. To say he was rooted to the spot where he stood was only the literal truth; he was conscious that he had stilled all movements inward and outward lest the slightest gesture attract the man in the car, cause him to look up to survey this handful of pedes­ trians blocked by his car and meet briefly the eyes of one of them, a tall, taciturn man dress­ ed in olive drab suit, that show­ ed plainly signs of continuous wear, who would instantly shift his gaze away as though he had looked long enough at this osten­ tatious car. The street partly cleared of vehicles and the waiting blue car .moved on. The feeling of relief that instantly swept over him following that moment of uncer­ tainty and dread left the man Ed burning with an angry shame and savage resentment. For he knew that map in the car. He was Johnny, the “brightest senior in that graduating class then’’ as all their teachers had claimed. They had been class­ mates and he had known as all the rest had known that Johnny’s brilliance, his charm, his gifts would destine him for nothing else but complete success. In the years that followed he had often come across Johnny’s name in the papers and each such finding usually marked a milestone in the career of this famous classmate: leader of the youth movement in the univer­ sity, champion orator, top notcher in the bar exams, city coun­ cilor, representative in Congress, president of a government cor­ poration. The sight of Johnny’s name in the papers could some­ times cause a twinge of bitter re­ trospect, followed by a spell of hurting discontent as though un­ known to himself he had longed for these and had made no efforts for their attainment. He knew Johnny would re­ member him, although they had not belong to the same section (he had been in section 4). Johnny and he had lived in Ma­ late; they walked home together after classes, after watching spirited tennis matches in the Victoria Gardens. Whenever he came across Johnny’s name in the papers the memory of those walks came to him: he, almost always restrained and cautious lest he appear'too seeking of this brilliant classmate’s esteem. But they managed a manly friend­ ship where none of the succes­ ses of one managed to intrude in; they talked of their favorites in tennis, exchanged views about girls, movies, their hobbies, their aversions. In school Johnny be­ long to a select coterie, but al­ though they hailed each other when they met, that after-school friendship was not evident. One afternoon on their way home as they were cutting across the Wallace field, Johnny had asked him abruptly to join the team that would represent their high school in an inter-province forensic meet. Ed turned on him as if he had been struck—the joke was too unfair. But Johnny’s face was earnest and serious. “I don’t know why I am asking you,” he said, “but I feel in my bones you will make the grade.” Ed had refused shortly with­ out any explanation. That was the last of their walks. And then graduation parted them; life had her claims, and whims and travesty—at least for one of them... Now losing his aimless pace he found himself walking at a quite furious speed. The street where it converged into Quezon Avenue was littered with re­ fuse; a grim smile tucked itself into his lips, for the first time came an empty, melancholy pleasure in being a part of men on strike. The city did feel the effects of the loss of even its humblest laborers, when every­ body’ decided to quit. After all they were a necessary part of this great, tumultuous city, each in his own way—in the harbor, in the factory, in the street— brawns of the city as was not the man in the car. Pitiful con­ solation which jerked him to an abrupt stop with the milling crowd that waited to cross in the still fierce afternoon sun. Was Quiapo the heart beat of Manila, with its flux of crowd, its multifarious wares and hawks, its side cafeterias, its endless vehicles, its ceaseless barter and search? Could this be Manila after the war? The surge and the insistence of liv­ ing the elbowing and crowding and the.sharp, hunger of sharp, hungered eyes in old and young —this was a city snatching a new life in a furious pace, clut­ ching at everything that passed by, sparing only the wise and lucky ones. The wise and lucky ones? Perhaps only the hardy and the ruthless. The sharp whistle of the M.P. struck the air life a stab. The crowds from the opposite banks of the street charged into each other, a sight which evoked sun­ dry comparisons and remarks smiles from the participants from bystanders and variegated themselves. A familiar orange painted bus stopped by the change of traffic signals changed the direction of Ed’s destination. He sprinted for it on time; with­ out asking the conductor he knew it was bound for San Francisco del Monte. The bus was not crowded. He was able to have the end of one seat all to himself, half-turn his back to the rest of the passengers and stare savagely ' outside and resume his thoughts and feel­ ings. The sharp resentment aroused in him by the car epi­ sode had been irresistably mounting in steady waves. He could not dismiss the incident lightly. It had taken a personal significance for him as he view­ ed it now as a destined event shaped for him by fate that pre­ cise moment. Remembering it only perfected the whole scheme and revived his moment of dread and suspense and its af­ termath of shame. If it had been arranged by fate, what purpose was behind it—for he could not now see it as a coincidence un­ connected with his life, with him­ self. The hue had reached the end of Espana, took the turn of Ro­ tonda to strike the smooth ex­ panse of the road that could lead to Quezon City or farther down 'branch out for his suburb. Almost imperceptable one felt tempo of living. If only one could shake off the city at will could be easier. If only he could as easily as this, perhaps life could be easier. If only he could throve off the clutch and hold of this city, his whole being cried out, at once fair and vampirish. JULY, 1MI PAGK It The memory of a lost hometown in the southern provinces arch­ ed itself like a beckoning pro­ mise, but not even during the trying war years was it able to lure him away from the city. Now the times were worsen­ ing; gradually everyone was realizing it and faced it in bit­ ter revolt after the brief inter­ lude of promising prosperity in the months that followed libera­ tion. But now with everything going up and no immediate pros­ pect of change for the * better. He spat a damn! out of the window; never had he known this bus to travel so quickly, nor his thoughts to jumble so in swift, crazy patterns. The sight of army ambulances stacked to one side of the bridge reminded him that his house was in sight. Under a santol tree just off from the corner where the road that lead to San Francisco del Monte took off from the main avenue was his home, one apiong a cluster of make-shift dwellings construct­ ed from wood and condemned Jovita Fuentes and Serafin Garcia in “Prinna Donna.” Vocational Courses By I. T. YAMSON Prior to the war, the govern­ ment authorized schools to give vocational courses for training youth in the arts and trades. Such a training does a great help particularly to a woman whose husband is incapacitated by ill­ ness to support his family. For while staying at home she can make a living by supervision and dressmaking. The genius for art and the ap­ titudes for craftsmanship are in­ born qualities that express them­ selves better by correct education and training. The artist does not, however, need a high acade­ galvanized iron salvaged from the Quezon depot dump. His children, two of them, dirt-happy, shouted Tatay to him and ran eagerly to meet him. But something ia his man­ ner dampened them; they re­ turned to their play and just passed on the news to their mother inside the house. She appeared briefly at the window— comely but strained and unjoyous. She asked no questions. She was woman enough to divine from his listless gait that the day was no different from yes­ terday’s. Her worry flitted plainly over a face; unconscious­ ly she felt for her middle—how this new child could move so— and disappeared for the kitchen. The man sat on the stairs of his house, chin propped on his hands and stared vacantly at the army supplies heaped on the other side of the street. He held on as long as he could to these passing moments of the tried ex­ istence he knew, the routinary, untroubled way of living. He did not know it would happen, mic training in the execution of his talents and desire to be an ac­ complished modiste, or painter, or designer. This I observed as a public school industrial teacher in 1913, as a student in Manhattan trade school, U.S. and as a di­ rectress of the Gala Fashion since 1933. An elementary education is enough to allow the student— if she has an inclination for the arts —to understand and pass the course offered. To my mind, conferring diplo­ mas to a student who has success­ fully finished a vocational course is only proper. when he would start, or what he could do—but the years now would have to give way to him. Two men climbing up the road from the avenue waved at him, then turned around and went to him. “Do you know,” one of them Baid, “the men want to return to their work anytime now? You left too soon; they are willing to receive half of what they have been demanding.” “If we could only hold out a few more days,” the other said, “I am sure we could get even a peso raise. But rice is now P2.00 a ganta and we must eat everyday.” It was something said everyday, but its repetition could not • wear down its truth and harshness. “The men will hold out as long as we cannot get our de­ mands.” The man on the stairs spoke his decision evenly. “If you can make them,” his two companions threw over their shoulders and forgot it imme­ diately. They were wondering if their wives would have extra food for the lunch they would carry to work the next day. They could not as then fore­ see from a man’s even remark a city lying in the grip of one of its worst and wide spread strikes, when products lay rotting in the harbors and refuse piled the streets and water and light and conveyances deprived from the public and prices soared in a new holiday. That a tall and taciturn man, when he smiled briefly, could make the hundreds of weary men wait as he saun­ tered from group to group to discuss, to throw an arm over their shoulders, or pull their caps jokingly over their eyes was as far from his dream as it was from theirs. But the men listen as to an insistent voice of courage and wisdom for his face is not a demagogue’s, it is one of theirs that they see released from their beings. His wife in the evenings, star­ ing in the darkness too tired to think of how they would manage again the next day, sometimes turns to him to ask behind un­ seen tears, “But what has come over you? . What are you after?” He does not answer, for one cannot say in so many words that one is looking for the an­ swer to a faith in spite of the lapse of all these wanton, ac­ cusing years... DEPENDENCE AND INDEPENDENCE (Continued from page 16) this machinery of mercy which must spin and spin finely and smoothly. With great patience and solicitude he binds up the wounds of war, contributes to the need for peace, then departs for an­ other outpost as remote and as clamorously needful, hero only to the sufferer who knew his solace more than but fleetingly. A mobile health unit reaches some 300 persons daily. The en­ tire 15 units, therefore, provide direct personal service to 4,500 persons throughout the Philip­ pines. From the southern tip of Mindanao to the northernmost cor­ ner of Luzon, the sick and the helpless are sought out, aided, and given more than just a chance to continue existence. The operating rate of the PWR missions will bring professional service and supplies to about one million per­ sons a year and indirectly affect the health and welfare of com­ munities involving some four mil­ lion inhabitants. Independence will not drastical­ ly affect the work done by this relief agency. The PWR board of basic intent the “strengthening, directors has ever taken as its bulwarking and extension of the governmental services created by the Philippine people themselves for their own relief and succor in times of distress.” Accordingly,, the program of the PWR-US is a joint program with the Common­ wealth. This, in turn, will work jointly with whatever the Repub­ lic may call forth. It has execut­ ed working agreements with three governmental services: the Bu­ reau of Health, the Bureau of Public Welfare, and the Philip­ pine Relief and Rehabilitation Ad­ ministration. Staff members of these agencies have been loaned or released to the PWR-US. Like­ wise, the latter had been entitled to dra^r on Philippine supplies as though it were a government en­ tity itself. “Thus, the traditional Ameri­ can intention towards the Philip­ pines has again been expressed by the PWR-US,” summarizes Mrs. Murphy, “in its effort to strength­ en the Filipino people towards this day, July 4, when they at least become sovereign.” PAGE 32 WOMAN’S HOME JOURNAL PAGE S3 JULY. 1946 THE PHILIPPINE RED CROSS (Continued frifln page 14) Lately, the Home Service De­ partment of the Red Cross has been busy assiting G. I. brides preparatory to their departure for the United States to join their soldier-husbands. Supplementing the military, the Red Cross ex­ tends the, following services to GI brides prior to embarkation: con­ sultation. on individual problems, group orientation regarding Amer-' ican practices' and customs, and provisions for special personal needs while enroute to their new homes. SAFETY SERVICES One of the biggest activities in the Philippines this year was sponsored by a department of the Philippine Red Cross, -the Safety Service Department. This was the First National Safety School, held at Villa Beach. Iloilo, from May 5 to 21. The first of its kind in the Philippines, the school was patterned after the national aqua­ tic schools conducted annually in the United States by the American Red Cross, and had, for its pur­ pose, the training of volunteer safe­ ty instructors in first aid, water safety and accident prevention. The school- cost the Red Cross P16,000 and gave training to Ill outstanding men and women se­ lected from all over the Philip­ pines. These volunteer instructors are now engaged in conducting courses of their own in their re­ spective provinces. This is only one of the many aspects of safety work promoted by. the Red Cross. The Safety Service long-range program invol­ ves courses conducted in the va­ rious Red Cross chapters by pro­ fessional instructors from the na­ tional headquarters in Manila. Considering the accident hazards that constitute a giant menace to­ day in the Philippines, one has to admit that the Philippine Red Cross, even in this field alone, is performing a signal service... NURSING SERVICE’ Another important . feature of present Red Cross operations is the nation-wide home nursing pro­ gram promoted by the Nursing Service. Thousands of women throughout the archipelago, most­ ly housewives, have beep given in­ struction by this department in the proper care of the sick at home and in safeguarding the health of family members. The war has wrought havoc in many Filipino homes, and in ma­ jority of the towns in the Philip­ pines, medical assistance is not family in Cebu for two years. Letters from his wife have not been very frequent recently and he would like to have a first hand report of how the Cruz family is faring. So he goes to the Red Cross} representative stationed in his hospital. In her he finds a sympathetic listener as he discus­ ses his personal and family prob­ lem. if he wishes, she writes to the Philippine Red Cross Chapter in Cebu, explaining the family problems. If he wishes, she writes to the Philippine Red Cross Chap­ ter in Cebu explaining his family problem. In Cebu, a Red Cross representative calls on Mrs. Cruz and sends back to the 1st General Hospital the details of the health and welfare of all members of the family. “If Private Cruz wishes to file a claim with the government because of * his liability, the Red Cross worker in his hospital will asist him in the preparation of the claims papers. “If Private Cruz is well enough and if his doctor approves, the Red Oross representative will en­ courage his interest in the games which she supervises on the wards. He may enjoy cards, checkers, or puzzles. It is the duty of the Mi­ litary Welfare Service worker to find out what recreation he enjoys most, what he can do in view of his disability, and to help him do it. So, through a program of wel­ fare service, Private Cruz’s fami­ ly problem are alleviated. Through 8 program of medically approved recreation, Private Cruz finds the hospital ward a more bearable place to stay in... Thus, with the help of the Phil­ ippine Red Cross, thousands of sick soldiers all over the Philip­ pines are enabled to meet misfor­ tune with a smile, to find solace and comfort amidst lonesomeness and pain. HOME SERVICE Another department of the Phil­ ippine Red Cross, the Home Ser­ vice, gives out assistance in vari­ ous forms. Soldiers desiring fur­ lough, or who wish to file claims for benefits or arrears in pay, veterans of previous wars whose pensions were stopped on account of the war in the Pacific, widows of soldiers who died in comVat, family members separated during the confusion of the war, and other persons in need of help, find in the nearest Red Cross repre­ sentative a ready and willing friend. does not believe the public would approve of use of funds given te the organization for vital Red Cross work for any purpose except that which will benefit the major­ ity of the people. “The Philippine Red Cross de sires to use the funds at its dis­ posal in ways which will lend maximum strength to an independ­ ent Filipino people, and feels that disbufping these funds as back pay would be assistance to a few, at , the expense of the many," de­ clared Mr. Whisler, who took over the management of the Philippine Red Cross last January, succed- ■ ihg C. Leo Wilhelm. This attitude of the Red Cross towards the back pay policy was hailed as “‘correct” in many cir­ cles, and it is predicted that when the organization goes to the public for the purpose of raising funds, which is not far off, the people will respond wholeheartedly and without stint, as they have done in many instance in the past. DEFINITIONS Adult: A person whq has stopped growing at both ends and is now growing in the middle. Sales resistance: The triumph of mind over patter. Oratory: The art'of making a loud noise seem like a deep thought. Good manners: The noisevyou don’t make when you’re eating soup. Sense of humor: The quality that makes you roar with laughter at something that would- infu­ riate you if it happened to your­ self. Alimony: The high cost of leaving Brassiere: An invention designed to make a mountain out of a mole­ hill and vice versa. . Love: One darn thing after an­ other. . Forger: A man who makes a name for himself. Negligee: What she hopes she’ll have on when the house burns down. Progress: A sttae of human dev­ elopment where a man pays’ a laundry for destroying his shirts and collars. —San Diego Aztec Work: An unpopular way o' making money. —Ahwahee News Split Second: The interval be­ tween the time the light turns green and the man behind you starts blowing his horn. “Engaged to five boys at once,” exclaimed the horrified mother. “How do you explain such a situaf tion?” “I don’t know,” replied tlw daughter, “unless Cupid shot m>. with a machine gun instead of an arrow.” —Eastern Teachers Progress readily available. Even in local­ ities where physicians reside, ef­ ficient medical treatment is not practical because of the destruc­ tion of medical equipment. Home nursing instruction, therefore, is one of the most reliable crutches on which this convalescent country .may lean on its way to ultimate recovery. JUNIOR RED CROSS The Junior Red Cross program of the re-constituted Red Cross society of the Philippines, has com­ petently taken after the Junior Red Cross in America, furnishing local educators with an effective supplement to the work of the schools in training boys and girls for righteous, participating citi­ zenship through Worthwhile pur­ poseful activities. Following three tiresome years of schooling under the Japanese, Filipino school chil­ dren have found Junior Red Cross , a handy means of making their school life more wholesome and more enjoyable, more satisfying and more useful. A few months ago, the Philip­ pine Junior Red Cross sent out more than 11,000 gift boxes con­ taining school supplies and toilet articles to all division superinten­ dents of schools, with the request that these Ibe distributed among grade one pupils in the barrios. These gift boxes were presented to the Philippine Red Cross by the Junor Red Cross in America, and represented the actual earnings of American boys and girls who wanted to share what they had with their less fortunate brothers and isisters in other lands. In fostering universal brotherhood and world fellowship, therefor^ the Philippine Red Cross is giving yet another instance of valuable, worthwhile service. Aspiring for independent status as a Red Cross national society and as a future member of the In­ ternational League of . Red Cross Societies, the Philippine Red Cross is exercising extreme caution in the disbursement of its funds. Al­ though its equipment and furn­ iture are as far from complete, Red Cross workers—executives as well as employees,—are making the most of what they have, re­ serving every centavo for more useful projects of service to the people. In a resolution adopted by its Central Executive Committee ear­ ly this year, it was stated that the Philippine Red Cross will not “re­ cognize. as an obligation so-called back pay for former or currently employed personnel. ’ * Glen A. Whisler, manager of the organization, explained that the Central Executive Committee PAGE M WOMAN'S HOME JOURNAL Sub&aiibsL Jo J/ul OMAN'S HOME JOURNAL tediod, Bad, o * r Indifferent Wcuther, You Will Receive This ninthly Of Progressive Women & Men 4s Soon As It Is Off The Press, Anywhere. ★ ★ ★ ASED WITH THIS ISSUE, OF WHICH WE HAVE NO LL FIND MORE PLEASURE IN READING THE ISSUES "ORIAL CONTRIBUTORS, TOP-FLIGHT WRITERS ALL ARING MATERIALS THAT WILL GIVE YOU THE IT-PROVOKING ISSUES, THE BEST IN SHORT p-THE-MINUTE NEWS AND FASHION PICS. ★ ★ ★ wr Friends To Share With You The Joy Of Reading This Magne Time Receive Handsome Dividends For The Little Time You •viting You To Get In Touch With Our Circulation Manager Concerning Our Subscription Commission' Plan. ★ ★' ★ /^D MAIL IT TO US TOGETHER WITH THE NECES­ SARY REMITTANCE! ..................................................., the payment ................................................. (money order ........................................ issue. Address ............. f * 5.00 these rates.) 1 NOR THE BISCUIT OR PIES FOR THE R0A»T Only the Estate Heatrola has it! See all the years-ahead fel of these ESTATE HEAlj LA RANGES that mean rfe freedom, new compliments vour kitclr PIRATE MEAT OVEN WOfWBROILS No more oyen-door traffic jams even when company’s coming. For ’•our BIGGEST roast won’t ask for an inch of precious oven space. You’ll BROIL them with radiant (charcoal-type) heat to tender, juicy, more flavorable goodness in the BAR-B-KEWER. Here’s, a handy place for warming dinner plates, too.