Rare Periodicals

The Little Apostle of the Mountain Province

Item

Title

The Little Apostle of the Mountain Province

Description

The organ of the Missionaries of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (Scheutveld) Fathers in the Mountain Province of the Philippines.

Issue Date

Volume 1 (Issue No. 5) October 1924

Publisher

The Catholic School Press.

Year

1924

Language

English

Subject

Baguio (Philippines) -- Periodicals.

Catholic Church -- Missions -- Philippines -- Periodicals

Rights

Place of publication

Baguio

extracted text

A Catechist Ii:~ CATECHIST is the legs, ~ ~ N the lungs, the brain and : ~ = the heart of the Missionary ~::i=""'"'~ priest among the heathens. He is the preeursor, and apostle of the priest and is for the Missionary what John and Peter were to Christ: he ii" a Missionary, minus the power of the priest, but a Missionary with some power which a foreign priest lacks among pagans. The Missionary, as Jesus in the Holy Land, wanders around through valleyi:i and mountains, stopping a few days here and preaching a week there, instructing, encouraging, :iowing the good seed on the barren field of the pagan's ignorance and heathen morality. What does the poor lgorote understand about God, His infinite goodness, justice and mercy? What does he know about Christ, the Savior and the practice and belief in His divine doctrine? The lgorote never or rarely studies, reading for the most part is unknown. to him, and his untrained brains, hardened by years of intellectual rest and rust, are hardly fit to rt:eeive the sublime godly instructions, which tend to christianize and ci:vilize him to make him worthy of God and Heaven. Little by little and often must he hear and be shown the way to heaven. The priest who enters a pagan village for the first time is a foreigner. Alas! the poor chil<lren of nature have perhaps been despised, perhaps been abused by strangers. They distrust him, and trust only their fellow countrymen whom they know. The Missionary knows all this and previou~ to his arrival he first sends or brings with him the native catechist. He is usually a pious man, trained by the priest in virtue and knowledge of .the doctrine he has to teach so as to touch the heart and captic vate the mind of the heathen. Next he introducee the Father, then all prejudice against the minister of Christ disappears. Little by little the Father may speak. They listen. But their unretentive memory soon forgets the instruction, when the Father is gone. But the catechist remains. He repeats the words of 82 the priest. First he is John the Baptist, to announce the priest, then he continues the work of Christ as Peter did when His Master was gone to heaven. Jesus was followed by thousands day and night. The poor lgorote has to give his time during the day to his daily labor. At night he hn.s patience to listen and to lt>arn. The Father may pass a few nights amidst his wondering listeners, but others wait for him on the other slope of the mountain: he must needs go. But the catechist remains. He stays for weeks and months. He instructs, he gathers the catechumens, prepares them for baptism and finally, thanks to his patience and perseverance, the catechumens can receive the waters of baptism which make them children of God. In the meantime a child was born in the small town. Poor baby! death accompanied its beginning of life. But before the first and last sleep closed its innoceilt eyes, the catechist baptized it and opened its way to heaven and eternal happiness. In the meantime, too, malaria or -another disease brought one of the inhabitants k> the brink of eternity. The catechist visit,, him, calls the priest: before death deprives the miserable sick person of life, the catechist and the priest have assured his pardon before God and his glorious resurrection for ever. The recently baptized unknowingly celebrate some superstitious feast. The catechist shows them the futili~ ty of their vain observances and in~ forms the prie,;;t. On the day when the missionary visits his neophytes again, the catechist has prepared them for confession and Communion, he presents the catechumens he instructed at night. He takes care of the priest, adorns the altar, serves the :\lass, helps the Christians to pray, present!!" the children he has instructPd for first Communion, and when the priest is gone to some other field in God's vineyard, he repeats his words. reminds the faithful of their duties, calls them together on Sundays in the chapel. or in the biggest house, recite.,; with them the rosary, gives the signal for m:>rning and evening prayers and ... and ... what does a good catechist not do to double the priest's activity, zeal and success? Churches, hospitals, dispensaries, wylums, necessary though they be, are of secondary importance, when compared with the work of the catechist, for his is essentially the propagation of the Faith. Is it then any wonder that all Missionaries beg for Catechists? The Missionaries are few, the harvest is ripe, the catechistR can be multiplied to gather God's crops. But . . . a catechist must live, must be paid. He <loes not ask much. Forty pesos a month and a high place in Heaven are all he asks and surely deserves . . . but yet . . . there are the forty pest•s to he found. Give me fifty good catechists and I can convert the whole Mountain Province in a few years. Or rather give me the salary of fifty catechists and ... And you who shall have given the monthly salary of a catechist, who shall have gfren ip this way to God the souls He thirsted after on Golgotha, do not be afraid to appear 83 before your Judge, when He calls you: you have given Him what He as Savior died for, He will grant you what as a Christian you live for: heaven multiplied by the number of souls you help to save. ' - pc+ o&q -· \Vhat the Mission of Pogo Has Cost during the last ten years. The Pugo mission is one of the best organized missions of the Mountain Province. Its center has a primary school and an intermediate too. The hamlets of Ambangonan, Maoasoas, Cuenca, Llaban and Linapao possess a primary school. Thus Pugo is endowed with six schools. In 1914-1915 425 pupils attended the classes. Every year the number increased and in 1923-1924 the enrollment was 781 pupils. From 1914 till 1924 the exact expenses were P43,970.27. Duringthe year 1923 -1924 they were r 8,397 .92. Thus Pugo seems to be a rich parish with many revenues? To be exact: the revenues of the Pugo mission can not keep one Father's body and soul together and there are two Fathers at Pugo. Not even twenty pesos a month enter the mission as revenues to support the Fathers and their schools. Now note that in all these expenses there is not at all included what was paid for the support of the two missionaries, for the building of their house (some of the schoolbuildings of Pugo are in better conditions than the convent) and for the construction of the nice chapel (this alone costs more than 6,000 peSOSJ. In round sums the Pngo mission has cost during these last ten years nearly r 80,000. And where did that enortnous sum of money come from? Tuition fees and industrial work produced in 10 years some P 10,000. The rest had to come and came from Providence, from charity, but, alas! very little from the Philippines. Was the result worth all these expenses? First : the salvation of a single soul is worth much more than all the money in the world: one soul is worth the price of the Blood of Our Savior. When the mission of Pugo was opened, very few of its inhabitants had been baptized, or if they bad, they bad received litt,le or no instruction. Actually very fpw heathens remain to be converted. For a population of about 3,000 in 1910, only 84 baptisms and 47 Holy Communions were registered that year. But in 1910 there was vnly one Cath· olic school at Pugo. In 1913 there wer~ three Catholics·~hools and the baptisms numbered that year 212 and the Holy Communions 900. And so the increase went on until 1923 when we can count 6 schools, 16,111 Holy Communions received and 205 baptisms administered. The number of Holy Communions is the barometer of living faith and devotion in a Christian town. To show how at Pugo Holy Communions are on a rapid increase. I quote here the numbers of the latter years: 1920: 5, 900; 1921 : 7 ,820; 1922 : 9,635: and. 1923: 16,111. Such an increase deserves the blessings of God upon the mission of Pugo, its benefactors and its catholic schools : true factories of praetical catholics. 84 A LETTER from father ~ 6rabandere, Trinidad, Bengud t Chunh and Com·ent of Tl'inidad, Benyuet. F-;1 RINI DAD! A nice name, Chrislm:ts, giving to God a housP = hr' N eh? But a nice mis;;ion too, when H>OO .rt•ai·s ago He chom;e a H ~ H indeed. Not only do we stable for His birthplaee (if I could b=:ci!l attend ihe well known only receive some 'f 400 morf' to valley near Baguio, but Father Del- finish the chapel). daele and myself visit thf' whole You ought to see these new Chriseastern part of the Benguet Province. tians, how they c .. nsider it a point You know Tublay, 15.Kilometers of honor to attend Mass regularly, from here, with its 2000 inhabitants. which we offer now and then in one Last year a wave of conversions pass- of the biggest shacks of the town. ed over the place. Actually 168, How seriously they pray not only at nearly all adults, have been baptiz- Mass, but also in their regular Suned, and believe me: they are good day-meetings, when the priest does christians. Providence is with us. not visit them. What faith they We have received some help from have in God's goodness. Of course here and there, and we have started the devil shows his tail as much as the building of a nice chapel. No possible. He will not give· up the doubt we shall inaugurate it next place without a fight. But I hope in God's help and grace and before very long Tublay will be or.e of the finest mission places of Trinidad, and of the whole Beni:uet province. Even Trinidad, where old Christians dwell among neophytes and unbaptized, deserves this year a special applause. More and more people come to Mass on Sundays. 248 made their Easter-duty this year. The few Ilocanos of the place have constituted a society approved hy the Bishop of the dioeese and called: the Defenders of Liberty. Of the 30 llocano families 63 persons are active members. Only 5 heads of families until now have not been initiated, but they have sent in their application, so this makes Trinidad count more members of the named society than even towns in the lowlands with 10,000 and more Catholics. Of course we had to celebrate this success. On the first of July we had a High Mass and a solemn procession to commemorate the anniversary of the establishment of the Defenders' society. The whole feast was set on foot mostly by Mr. Doroteo Flores K. o. C. and Mr. Vic<:mte Sales, the president of the society, together with the board of Directors. After the ''Te Deum'' the feast was closed by a meeting in which mutual support as well as our Holy Religion found the warmest defenders among the several speakers. This example of the Catholics of Trinidad will greatly help in the c1mversion of the Pagans of this valley_ of Trinidad. 85 About 30 Kilometers from here, at Atok, we suffered a temporal reveNe, lately, due to the attacks of some Scientists. People h!td been told that the religi(}n of the Scientists would cure all their sicknesses and even prevent them from dying. But the opposite results have stopped further progress of Scientism. Scientists die as other people: so the deceived have opened their eyes. Each time I visit Atok I hear of more and more who have forsaken Scientism and come back to the Church they had abandoned for a while. Our catholic school at Atok is full to its utmost. Never did so many attend it as this year. At my last visit, the most important people of the place asked me for one more teacher. "Well, I said, it is very easy to find you one more teacher, but to pay him ... I can not ... can you?" And the old people kept silence for a while. Then one of the eldest looked at me and said: "Father, perhaps you can not pay one teacher more, perhaps you can". "How is that, my friend?" "See Father, we believe you do all you can and more and we know you have not got the means to pay one teacher more. But we are the brothers of the Catholic rich Filipinos of our country. They send their children to Catholic schools. These Catholic schools and colleges might perhaps help you to pay for one teacher more, just to help their ignorant brothers and sisters of Atok. You Father, you can write. Ask the Catholic schools and colleges to 86 keep together to help you. A little offering from each child would make a big sum every month, more than enough to give us one extra teacher. And then our children would study one year longer, and more of them will become Catholics". A general approval followed the impromptu speech. Sur,J:l nobody among my old friends in the audience doubted the truth of their leader. I said to myseif: shoulrl I doubt"? fa not his speech an inspiration from Provideuce"? Anyway I will try "The Little Apostle" and so it came I wrote this long letter. The next time I visit Atok I will tell my people whether they can have or not one teacher more, but of course my answer lies with ... well read once again IV hat the old man said and ... well ... make a prophet of him. Maurice De Brnbandere. Note: Father De Brabandere has just reCPived from the Cnited :;tates a i:-ift of ilC-0. Thus P200 more. and he has enoui:h to complete his chapel at Tublay. Receipts of the Propagation of Faith from different Countries in 192:! EUROPE Lira ASIA Lira Albany 75.00 Divers 45,687.90 Austria : 9,000,000 crowns AFRICA Belgium . 868,690.50 Bulgaria. 820.00 DiYers ii,632.85 Tcheco-Slovaquia 24,085.40 AMERICA Denmark 3,359.10 Canada 224,248.55 France 5,144,263.95 Mexico 282,595.iO Germany: 14,528.093 marks United States. . 10,496;766.00 Greece 810.30 Tierra del Fuego 10,670.10 England 1,663,359.40 West Indies ll,436.45 Ireland 521,268.40 Central America 47,052.75 Italy 871,178.95 Argentina 1,040,955.35 Y ougo-Sla via 580.00 Bolivia 15,231.15 Luxemburg 41,10 Brazil lll,083.85 Monaco 6,165.00 Chile. 152,654.55 Norway. 1,651.05 Colombia 24,316.10 Holland. 580,000.00 Ecuador. 274.00 Poland 9,458.45 Guiana 356.20 Portugal 8,340.70 Paraguay 2, l53.25 Russia 61.00 Peru 26,322.15 Spain. 603,08"2.45 Uruguay. 94,532.25 Sweden 137.00 Switzerland 493,667.55 AUSTRALIA Turkey 4,554.10 Divers 129,661.95 Hungary 1,500.00 87 A Conversion o!itain~d thnnig/1 the intercession of the Blessetl Little Flotl'tl" of Jesu:>. Ml'l1. Martin Buarn:e with her two little gr.:1n~-dauglers, Rosalia and Serafina Bua.nee l:uc:J~BRI~U more than four il years, Fa.ther Leo stationed at Itogon, had been the b only missionary for all Benguet, and on ,·arious occasions the zealous man had asked hi!' superiors to provide him with at least one companion, that they might labor with more profit in the Vineyard of the Lord. Through his persistence, Father Jose was put in charge of all the part of Benguet to the west of the riYer Agno, while the east side remained in charge of Father Leo. This was about 'i years ago. The two missionaries went explor.ing one day and, passing through the towns of Atok a.nd Kapangan, arrived at last at Tublay, at the house of an Jgorot named Buance. At various times before, Buanee had been visited by Father Leo and pagan though he was, he had ::llways received the priest with Christian hospitality. On such occasions he had been the chief listener to the instructions of Father Leo, but the 83 poor man had never been able to make up his mind to wash his immortal soul in the saving waters of Holy Baptism and to become a child of God and of the Holy Catholic Church. It had happened that the poor Igorot fell sick and suffered much · from cancer in the stomach. Without doubt the goot!l Buance, so far a pagan, had to die. Said Father Leo: "We must prepare our friend Buance to g-0 "traight to Heaven." The husband of one of the daughters of the house promised that he would be moved the next day to the Baguio hospital, where Father Jose might baptize him, since the sick man did not wish to receive the Sacrament of Redemption that day. Because of some pressing business, Father Jose had to go to San Fernando, La Union, and Father Leo had to return to his home at ltogon. Father Jose had a great devotion to the Servant of God, Blessed Sister. Theresa of the Child Jesus, and before he left for the town mentioned, he knelt and said with all his heart: "O God, our Father, let Buance be my first convert! Blessed Hister Thereba of the ChilJ. Jesus, take care of the poor Igorot; if I am able to baptize him, I will give him the name Martin, in memory of your noble family.'' It was the month of August, the time of typhoons, and all day torrents of water had fallen. Spent with weariness and drenched as well by the constant rain, Father Jose, returning from his journey to San Fernando, reached Baguio at night. l:Iere the Parish Priest said to bim : .. They have come from Tublay to summon you; Buance is dying. I went myself but, alas! he does not wish to be baptized; his married daughter is the chief cause of his obstinacy to the grace of God." "What a shame! But I will go and see what I can do tomorrow,'' replied Father Jose. "G~d bless your undertaking! I will order prayers for the poor creature." Tublay is three hours' journey from . Baguio. The next day the typhoon ha<l become stronl?'er; the narrow, rocky path had become a very torrent of wa.er. \Vet to the skin, Father Jose arrived at the summit of the mountain, from which he was able to see, below, the house of the poor dying man. First he had to drive evil spirits out of the house and, in spite of the violent rain, he stopped and began to recite the shortformulaofexorcism. After he had sprinkled holy water which he carried in a small lwttle, he descended the hill and entered the homie. Poor Buance was in the center of the house upon the floor. Around him was his married daughter and other Igorots, who gazed defiantly at the Father with a meaning look, as if to say : ''It is our turn now - we do not need you here.'' The Father spoke directly to Buance's daughter and in a sweet but firm Yoice said: "Rise, sit there, and not a word." Then, with a relic of Blessed Theresa (sweet lily!) hid beneath the pillO\v, and the image or the Servant .')f God upon a ,.:mall t.:tble, he sat besiM the sick man, and a tender and important conversation began. Not more than half an hour passed, when there resounded in the room the words of salvation for the happy Buance : "Martin, I haptize thee in the name of the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost.'' Teri days after, :\farti n died; Fat her Jose arranged the burial and, before he closed the coffin, he placed in the hand of his corwert, the image of the Flower of Jesus (fair 89 Dove of Heaven!). He was the first adult Igorot baptized by Father Jose, and he went quickly to heaven to plead the eause of his unfortunate countrymen. Without doubt, Blessed There;;a helped him much, for the result has been sp~ndid; all the Buanoo family is now Catholic, many lgorot farnilif'8 of Tublay have been e1mvertecl since, and in ihat steep mnu ntai 11011s <.,'Ount.ry t,'Overed with lovely evergreen pines, achapel will he erected, the first perhaps in the whole worJJ to hear the name of The Blessed Little Flower of J€sus. mglands' first Martyr His name was Alban. It was a time of persecution. A Christian priest came Hying from his pursuers and took shelter in Alban's house. Alban was still a heathen, but he hid the. Christian priest, out of pure kindness and pity for a hunted man. He observed the devotion of his guest. How fervent it was and how tirni:. What a com;olat-ion and joy l he priest seemed to tind in p!'ayer. Alban's heart was touched. He listened to the priest and became a believer. Meanwhile the persecutors had found out where the Christian was hidden, and carne to search Alban's house. Then Alban, putting on the dress of his hidden teacher, delivered him~elf into their hands, as if he had been the fugitive; and in this way the priest could escape. But ,\ lban, bel'ause he refused to betray his guest, and say where he was gone, and because he refused to offer sacrifice to the idols he used to worship, was scourged and led forth to be put to death. The spot for the exel'ution was a beautiful meadow, clothed with flowers, on a little rising ground: a fit theatre for a martyr's triumph. He was unmercifully beheaded and, where his blood was shed, there now stand a church and town which bear his name. The soldier who was appointed to put A lb:m to death was so moved by his victim's resignation and greatness of heart that he chose rather to suffer death with Alban that to have the guilt of being his executioner. Let us remember this when we are tempted to bt> selfish. Let us remember that the first great deed of Christianity in England, the :first instance in which it showed its power, was in making a man die to sa rn a stranger's life, and draw on another to die with him. And if a God-man died for us all on the cross of Calvary, it was to win us all for heaven and to teach us by His example that christian charity shows iti;:elf by deeds and sacrifices. 90 The Psychology of the Filipino By Hon. Norberto Romualdez Associate Justice of the Supreme Court <f the Philippine Islands As to Anatomy, it seems that there was a belief among the early Filipinos that brothers and sisters were parts of one and the same intestine, so that when brothers or sisters qu:;,rrel ttmong themselves, the parents, by way of rebuke admonish them saying, in Bisayan of Leyte, for instance: a yaw kamo hin away, kay magsumpay man la kamo kin tinae. (Do not quarrel, because you partake of the same intestine). Thus, in Sebuan and Panayan Bisayan, a brother or sister is called utod, which means to cut or part cut from a whole. In Leyte and Samar Bisayan, a brother or sister is bugto, which means to break. In Tagalog, brother or sister is kapattd, which means to break, and is called also kaputol, because puiol means to cut. In Pampangan, brother or sister is kapatad, from patad which also means to break. In Pangasinan, the. natural brother or sister is called agin kapultot na pail, and in Bikolan kaputol sa pusod. Either of these two phrases means literally brother or sister partaking of the same intestine. The liver was considered on,e of the most important organs of the human body. The word patay (dead or to kill) is a contraction of pa (an old preposition indicating direction) and the word atlfy (liver , In some Bisayan regions, it was believed that the liver comes out fro111 a big wound on any part of the body. As far as morality is concerned, our customs and laws clearly s!Hn\· that our notion of right and wrong, of what was just and unjust, were highly developed. Attempts against life, per:::on, honor, chastity, and property were severely punished, as we find in the Coqe of Kalantiaw, which I mentioned before. Permit me to cite some statements made by foreign writers about the Filipino morality and hone!<ty. The Spanish orientalist, Pedro Ordonez de Cevallos, says the following about the Filipino woman in his "Viaje del Mundo", edited in Madrid in 1614: "The women are extremely chaste, and no kind of lewdness nor faithlessness agairn;t their hw•band will be observed among them; on the contrary, they are ordinarily virgin, and the married woman have but one husband; in spite of all, God multiplies them in large number by His Divine Decrees, and in a town of about 1.500 inhabitants, there can be found more than 200() boys and girls, none of whom is illegitimate.'' The early Indonesian immigrants did not practise polygamy, whi..:h exists only in some regions of Mindanaw, such institution having been imported there with the Mohamedanism. Ince~t was believed to be punished by God, as we have indicated. With regard to good faith and honesty . i u contracts, the following aecount of the Chinese trader ·wan Ta-Yuan, \Hitt.en in the 14th century, is worthy of note. This trader says: "The natives and the traders, having agreed upon the price, the forin~r were ailewed to take away the goods, and later, they brought the amount of native products. The 91 traders trusted them for they never failed to live up to their stipulated bargains." This is confirmed by another Chinese author, named Ghan Ju-ka, in his work on Chinese and Arabian Commerce written in the 13th eentury. h). l:conomics. As to cconomi('S, the Filipino had limited needs, and had and still has, these fertile lands where K ature generously and perennially offers him her fruits and products. During the pre-Spanish tiines, agriculture chiefly consisted. in the cultivation of paltiy, which was, and is, the commodity of first necessity in Filipino life. He had the karabaw for a working animal. Industry ~hen was mainly weaving and fishing. Thia slide is a plow, 9'l Here is a ~omb. Here i1 a cart called "kanga": Here is a fi1herman: Commerce consisted in the sale of of the forest, sold in tyangis (open wax, honey, and such raw product8 markets), and in markets proper. 93 This is the picture of a tyangi or faia: Commercial relation;; with foreigner:> were chiefly with Chinese traders, many of whom permanently settled in this country and brought with them their ideas of <'a.rpentry, agriculture, black-smith· i ng, and even their superstitions. Hence it is that in our dialects we have inany Chinese words incorporated .into our native speech. The words uysit (fortunate) , buysit ( un• fortunate) are Chinese words very much used in the Tagalog dialect. Thf- la;;t word buysit is sometinieS used in Tagalog to mean troublesome, molestfnl, or vexatious. The Chinese words sinke (new), tampowa or tampo (excess of something) are also much used in the Bisayan of Le.rte. Some Tagalog names for relationship like koya, ditse and others are pure Chinese words. Ti· ghoy (a lamp) pothaw (hatchet), Leyte Bisayan name for iron, are also Chinese. (1'o be continued.) ............... ~ What a Dikmma ! A good little boy, not lo:1g ago, was out in the forest gathering flowers. A terrible storm came on, In order to keep dry he crnwled into a hollow log. \Vhen the rain began to fall, the log began to swt:ll, untill the boy could get neither o:ie way nor the other. He thought his end had come. He thought of all the wrong he had done and the good he could have done but which he neglected. And when he recalled to mind that he had not asked his friends to sub:$Cribe to The Little Apostle and to become himself a little Apostle, he felt so small that he could crawl right out of the log without any difficulty. If the cap fits you, wear it! 94 From a letter written by F. fJeyryse, 3lissionary at Baguliay. l••ue·ra VizcayH. Many emigrants from other provinces came to settle in Bagabag. What miseries! Sometimes· there were everr 150 people sick in t,he town. The record has been 15 in one house. The poor are starving: they have nothing to eat. A sick woman to whom I gave some quinine, returned the medecine to me, sobbing: "for God's sake, Father, she said. give me something to eat". ~ From Father Depauw, P.uyo. The other day I had a sick call. I had to cross the river. Two men helped me to swim across. The son of the sick man was an old student of om· Catholic school; he was one of those who helped me through the torrent, saying: "Father, although I have been only a short time at school, I did not forget you taught us to call the priest Wh!:'W s:imebody is dangerously sick". ~ F1·1,m Father ll'affelaei·t, :Solano. The mi!'sion of Solano these last months suffered a double handicap by losing its two best cooperators: John Paladin, a man of character, and Carmen Lumicao, who for 16 yea.rs helped the Missionaries of Solano to save the few remnants of our Catholic Faith. Since the arrival of the Missionaries in Solano in 1909, she never failed to attend Mass and receive Holy Communion daily. Father Leon Quintelier promises to write the life of 1' ianza, a converted Igorote from Itogon, who after baptism, received from the hands of Mgr. Agi U!', then the Apostolic J)elegate of the P . I., became a true apostle of the eastern part of Benguet and brought many into the Catholic Church. But Father Leon says: "do ut des". (I give to receive) and adds: d am badly in need of a veil for Benediction with the Blessed Sacrament at the mission of Dalupirip and . .. of another one for the mission of Bokod>. The readers of the ;'Little Apostle" must not be afraid to send one to the address of the" Little Apostle"thinking two others have already sent the asked for veils, for other Fathers in the Mission need said veils as badly as Father Leon. ~ The mission of B"auco had been without a priest for 6 years. Lately, thanks to the help of some friends of tbe missions, Father Leon Legrand was sent to reopen the Bauco mi~sion. He writes: "I have been very 11ick, but am well again. I hope my sufferings have been profitable to the people of my m1ss10n. A few days ago I sent to Heaven the first angel since my arrival. See hereunder what circumstances. I admire the wonderful ways of Divine Providence. A certain man came to ask me some medecine for his child. I went to see it. Seeing the child seriously sick, I proposed to baptize it . The father asked to wait unl il the next Sunday. I insisted and promised to complete the baptismal ceremonies OD the next Sunday. The filther agreed and I baptized the child. But the night before that Sunday the child passed away; an angel more from Bauco, the first I eent, had gone to heaven. If I had waited ·as the father of the child asked . . . . How I thanked the Lord for having insisted. Alas! I lost the soul of an old woman who absolutel,y refufed baptism at the last moments of her life. Whenever I insisted on baptizing her, she always Iaoalically answered: cmadiac>, (I refuse). More and more }leople attend ~lass and even Benediction. The same at Guinsadan (a distant hamlet of Bauco). Every time I visit this-place I always discover new fac:o-s and the most consoling thing, in both places, is that at least half of those who come to church are men. Please $ay a prayer for my mission. Father Jurgens from Bayombong wt"ites: Thanks to God, our efforts w giv~ religious instruction to the youth are crowned with success. In the to.wn 32il girls and 3i6 boys attend l'egularly the courses in religion. :\lore than 300 children from the surrounding hamlets also attend the courses regularly: that makes more than 1000 children who raceive regular instruction in religion. .;& After the last typhoon, Father Beurms of Pugo writes: "the day after the typhoon I, more than ever, remem· bered the story of the Holy man Job, receiving one after another the most sorry messages. The teacher from Ambangonan came to me and said: "Father, half of the south-east wall of the school is demo1ished. What must I do?" Five minutes later arrived the teacher of Linapao, "Father", he said, 'the school of Linapao is a. complete 95 wreck, I think we had better move to some other building." He left and the teacher of Maoasoas entered saying: "Father, some damage was done to our school." I closed the three short speeches ;thinking: "Seen that the.solid school-chapel constructed, thanks to the help of some Manila benefactors, has r~sisted perfectly during the typhoon, hence I will construct only solid buildings" and immediately I ordered the necessary materials from .... Providence; unhappily until now I did not receive an answer to my order. .;& Mayaoyao. Father Moerman, superior of the Kiangan Mission, writes about Mayaoyao: "I passed several days at Mayaoyao. Morninj!' and eveningJ had from 4-0 to 50 children in the ch'lpel, atteriding my instructions. Pray for this new mission". 0 0 0 An old preacher used to say that a wife should be at once like and ur\like three things. First, she should be like a snail, always keep within her hoUSl': b'.lt she should not, like a snail, carry -al 1 she has ori- her back. Secondly. she should be like an echo. to speak when she is spoken to; but ehe should not, like an echo, always have the last word. Thirdly, she should be like the town clock, always keep time regularly; but she shold not, like the town clock, spea}{ so loud that all the town may hear her . HOW PAT WAS IMPRESSED "Was the sermon to-daytoy'r liking, Pat?" inquired the Priest. ;•Troth, y'r Riverence, it was a. grand sermon intirely", said Pat with genuine admiration. "What seemed to take hold of ye?" "Well, now, a.s ye a.re for a.xin'me, begorra, I'! tell ye. What tuk hoult of me most was y'r Riverenc.e's parseverance - the way ye wint over the same thing agin, and agin, and agin." r~·~=ll!!!IE:a:~"<'Ol11!!!Pl~---·,_;lllll-=:=-..aamJ11mmJU~;.:,m---'!ill~-~eilciJ'f:!«IO:l·•-a6.&, I + CuRRt:NT EVENTS + I L + caesM ....,..... ~....-m;m..-4iE!if•us ?M: a.aJ Philippines \Vif h f he Legislature. Most of the bills presented arp petitions by rer;reFenl at ives for insular aid in their rP~Te<'! i ,.e c1 isl ric1 !'. A higher tax on money lenders may he voted. A report on the illeg-alit~-. <•f 1\ llditor Wright, wi1.hhol<'. :ng 1.he t'l,000.0(]0 for the Indepf'ndence Commission, was approved of. The calamity fund, previously vetoed by the Governor General, was again voted for. Much time was spent in the Senate to censure the f\ecretary of the Interior, Hon. Mr .• .\7oncillo, and the tight between the Le!!islature and the Secretary has n<·t rr1rr:e to an er.d ~-n. More taxes may be imposed on h1x11ries, such as automobiles ar.d jewelries (up to .July 30th. 13,563 motor vehicles have \Y.:-en registered in the Philippines). Senator l<'on;wier would cut fiye per. cent all Goverment salaries above !"I,·!OO a year to save Pl,000,000a ~·t-ar. A plan is under consideration to extend primary instruction, bt:t would cut the allowances for high school!". 30 representatives asked an investigation of the insular penitentiary and its administration of the penal colonies in Zamboanga and Palawan. Fonacier says f'l,000,000 or more are wasted by the Government Bureaus. Additional funds were asked to reinforce the insular personnel, which lias to wateh .the increal'ing number of ~ecret societie!". Lt>gal age for both meniand women to marry would be 18 yearf. B£f<•re t.hat ag-P. the consent of the parents or tuturi" would be required, but marria[!e would he absolutely forbiddu1 to bo~·s under 14 yea ff <•f age and tr• girls t:nder 12. Nobody would be allowed to marry. excert after havirg obtained from a judge a due license and after the proposed contract has been made public for a certain number of da~ s, in the places where the candidates live a11d ha,·e Ji\·ed. More changes mar be added but, seeing the oP[oFition of the lol\'er house to. certain measures rendering di rnrce easier, the discussion may last so long that the legislature has no time during the pr(f€1lt ses>i.on lo vote the tinal bill. ~enattir Alejandrino having beendeprivfd I y the i:'enate of his emolumons for one year, appealed to the Supreme Court which deem€d she had no power to interfere in this. senate's decision. wherefore Alejandrino will an:eal to the Supreme Court of the U. S. A morn to reduce the number of representatives in the Legislature was defeated. The reduction would have made an economy for the taxpa~·ers of more than P200,000 a year. A bill will be introduced ai:;king for compulsory teaching of religion in the public schools, the parents and pupils having the right to ask for religious instruction if they prefer. Are better times for the Philip. pines in view? The famine in Cagayan and Nueva Vizcaya has ended: these provinces had an abundant crop of corn. Northern Luzon has besides an excellent crop of tobacco which sells at good prices. A great increase of sugar production is foreseen fm the collling year and sugar prices are going up. The Governmeilt will inspect more closely the copra for exportation: this will restore the confidence of the buyers in this Filipino product. The anthrax epidemy which killed thousands of labor animals these last months in Central Luzon has been wiped out. The Anta.mok (Benguet) goldmine made a net. profit of about half a million pesos during the first six months of the yeitr. The Government economized P2i, 000,000 from January to .Tuly. The railroad made a profit of 1'1,300,000 during 1923. The Philippine National Bank made 1'2,i00,000 in sugar but ends 1923 with a deficit of 1'600,000. The firSt big shipment of Cebu cement has l!lft for the U.:S. If the foreign sources of fresh beef are eliminated, as intended by Congress, the livestock 97 industry will increase rapidly. (The total number of cattle excluding carabaos in the P. I. was only 810,000 in 1922, while the number ofthoseslaughtered during the same year in Manila alone was 24,888). Agriculture should be more developed: of the 55% agricultural land in the P.I. only 15% is cultivated. The 60,000 unemployed actually in the most important cities of the country could easily find a goo'1 Ii ving in agriculture, and contribute to the welfare of the Islands. Last July the import exceeded exports to the amount of 1'7,000,000. If 1'500,000 loss was ca.used by the. last typhoon, the earthquakes, which lasted several days since the end of August on the eastern coast of Mindanao, caused much more damage. JI from here and there. Senators Quezon and Osmella were received by the League of Nations at Geneva on the 25th of August. Senator Osmefia visited the Holv Father in Rome. • Young ladies of Manila ha,·e organized a crusade to teach every Saturday afternoon Catholic Doctrine to poor children. May their example spread over all the towns in the Philippines. foreign The most important interlilational event this last month has been ·the agreement betweea the former Worldwar-allies and Germany upon the Dawes' plan of payment by Germany to the Allies. The German and French premiers had some difficulties in having the agreement approved by their respectiYe legislatures, but the universal desire for some deli.nit conditions of peace gained the upperhand. So even the legislatures of the countries 98 concerned in the new treaty approved the London conference. As a consequence France and Belgium evacuated a few .towns of the occupied Ruhr. At a certain moment peace seemed to be endangered by the threat of the German chancellor to proclaim. to the world that the responsibility of the world-war was not on Germany's side. A well directed note of England and France drove away the thunderbolt. Germany according to the Dawes' plan wrote out a 40,000,000 gold mark loan, and even France promised to subscribe for a part of it. If Germany has won in the deal, the Allies have won in this way that they stick now closer together to enforce upon Get·many the faithful execution of the London conference, a thing which was not done to enforce the Treaty ofVersai.lles and which was the cause of the long delay of Germany to pay her debts to the Allies. As a consequence of the London conference, it may be said, France and England through the mouth of their premiers, pledged their willingness and invited other countries of Europe, before the League of Nations at Geneva, to submit to forced arbitration in case of a dispute between the different nations who adhere to the League; but the question was left unsolved, as no agreement could be arrived at about. the forces to be sent by each nation, member of the League of Nations, in case one of the disputants refused to abide by the decision of the arbiter. This is perhaps the beginning of the establishment of a kind of United States of Europe and a security for a more lasting European peace. ~ For weeks many of the Filipino laborers at Hawai have gone on strike, Of course much misery exists among the strikers. Lately some Hawaiian policemen were sent by the local authorities to deliver from a camp of strikers some laborers willing to return to work. A row followea in which 4 policemen and 19 Filipinos were killed. It has often been seen that aftersome bloodshed, strikes came to a sudden end. Let us hope that the Filipino laborers too will soon get satisfactory conditions, enabling them to return to their work and lessening their hardships. Morocco has been a thorn in the foot of Spain for a long time. These last days Moroccan rebels again and again have attacked the Spanish forces and at the beginning of September killed 70 Spanish soldiers. J' China is again in the grip of civil war. In China, although there is a central Government at Peking, each province is more or less indeuendent in proportion to the ambition of the provincial Governors, who of course may clash with their neighboring Governors. This happened between the Governors of Chekiang and Kiangsu. Since t,he last half of August these two provinces are up in arms against each other. Shang-hai being near the battlefield, the foreign powers gathered a few battleships and landed a few hundred marines to defend the interests and the Ii ves of their subjects in that town and around it. The Central Government would help the Kiangsu Gov.ern. or, but the governor of Manchuria threatens the Peking Government with his armies in case the Central Government aids Kiangsu. Up to the 15th of Sept. little real fighting has been done, but nobody can foretell the future consequences, if the foreigners be attacked. This civil war will have at least this immediate effect that most of the bandits, who are legions all over the celestial empire, will enroll as soldiers with the belligerents, hoping for some free abundant looting and a general pardon of their crimes in the past as bandits. Once the civil war is over, most of the soldiers dismissed will become bandits to plunder the innocent citizens and some missions. If, however, the foreigners intervene, the consequences for foreigners in China might be terrible for some time. 99 The re\"Olution in Honduras seems to have come to an end, thru lack of ammunition among the rebels. Nevertheless the U. S. has landed 100 marines to protect American lives and properties. In the mean time, the revolution in Georgia and Arzubijan (two former independent states in south eastern Russia, taken possession of by the Soviet Government) seems to have won an almost complete victory against the Soviets. Is It Myself or Sombody l:lse ? In a certain hotel, an Irishman, as gay as a lark, and as witty as Irishmen alone can be, passed a great deal of the evening telling stories and cracking jokes to his cosmopolitan aud~ence teeming with laughter. The hotel was about a mile from the town where he had to take an early t.rain next morning. On going to bed he beckoned to one of the servants to call him early in the morning. All right, said the servant. Then the servant thought a plan. A nigger as black as a chimney lodged in the same hotel. At midnight - the golden hour for sleep, and when Mr. Pat was sleeping the sleep of the just, snoring like a rhinoceros with a cold in his head, the servant stole in noiselessly with a pot of black lead and brush in hand. She well knew how to paint and polish her stoves, so she did the same trick on Paddy, painting his face and hands, leaving only the white of his eyes and pink of his lips untouched. At 3 o'clock a. m., a very dark and early hour for Irish people·, she knocked violently at Pat's bedroom door, saying, "Quick! quick, Sir, it is past time." No doubt, Pat jumped up, seized his clothes, jumped into them, took his suit-case, and off he went without even washing himself so as to be in time for the train. Passing by a glazier's fabric he was tempted to look at himself to see if he were up to the mark before getting into the train. "How unfortunate I am ! cried he." "That crazy servant instead of awaking me, awoke the nigger." Faith comes by hearing, says the apostle: not, therefore, by sight. Faith comes first, then understanding. The Catholic Church makes her children chaste by giving them the Bread of Angels for their food and Mary for their nursing Mother. 100 The Novena of Atonement Dear Father Carlu: Encouraged by two graces received during the two last novenas to Our Lady of the Atonement (recovery of one who was paralyzed and the cure of one who had suffered for a long time of headache)· 1 forward you herewith another petition. S. R. I 70 intentions were recommended during the novena of Sept em her. The aoove letter of acknowledgment shows that Our Lady of the Atonement is not invoked in vain. It would be too long too publish the many letters of acknowledgment of favors received. Petitions must be sent in before the Saturday after the first Friday of the month. Rev. Father Carlu. In Disaulse While visiting the poor of the town nf gil"enach one day. St. Elizabeth of Hunga.ry found a leprous child that needed care. Lifting the laothsome, sufl'ering little hody into her own arms, she bore ft to the castle and laid it in her own bed and comforted its pain. This made the mother of Louis, who was St. ElizalJeth's husband, very ang ry. To thin!~ of bringing the sick child into the house and even into her own bed! And when Louis came home she complained bitterly: "Elizabeth has lost her right mind. Look what she .has done now. She has brought a leprous child into the house and laid it in her bed." Louis did become impatient and went te remonstrate with his wife. "Did you bring a leprous child into the house?" he began. " Come!" said Elizabeth sweetly: and she quietly led the way to her room. Lo! what they saw! How all eyes opened wide with wonder! There lay a child, a smiling child, fair and soft, and beautiful beyond telling, who faded from their sigt and left the bed empty even while they looked on. The child was Our Lord in disguise, who wished to assure them of the truth of the words He spoke when on earth: " Whatsoever you do to the least of my brethren, you do it t o me." 101 ftAILBAG OFTHE LITTLE A~O!TLE Fur all correspondence with "THE LITrLE APOSrLE" send your letters t!) The Little Apostle, Box 139.1, Manila Dear Subscribe!"$: If I had time enough, I would write to you all a personal Jetter to thank you mo~t sincerely: you have made '·The Little Apo<;tle" I\ success. Already "The Little Apo~tle" has more subscribers than any other review in the Philippines. That shows how popular the etlorts of the Missionaries are in the Philippines. It shows how the Catholic Filipi.nos have an interest in the conversion and ci rilizat.i-Qn of. their brethren of the Mountain Pro,._ ince. Many have sent in several subscriptions. Dear readers, let me now ask a personal sacrifice of each one of you. What is it? Five rninutRs of your time to speak with a friend or to write to somebody asking the person mentioned to take a subscription. No doubt, if you recommend the review and, above all, the work among the last Filipino Pagans thru the review, that the person you invite to subscribe will take a subscription. May I count on you? Some of you, especially the students in the Catholic schools and colleges, will write or speak to more than one friend: simply say that by subscribing they help the missions, spread God's Church, relieve the poor lgorots and consequently· draw down God's blessing on themselves and their country. Are you determined to do this apostolie work? Then, do it now, not tomm'· row. But I must add an advice: tell them to send their pern er dollar for the subscription 119 re,gistered Muil, or by M. 0. Then the letter is ~ure to arrive safely. The other day I received perhars the most enthusiastic letter I ever recei ,·ed asking for subscription1;. It came from a Missionary: parish priest of Dapa, Surigao. Do you not feel enthusiastic when JOU read it? Here it is: Rev. and dear Father 0. Vandewalle. Long live the newborn baby in. the Catholic Newspaper-family! And long live the good Miosionaries of the Mountain Province and all the School and College girls and bo~s, ready to help them, under the leadership of their good teachers. May your endeavours in this new field meet with all the success wor~h so noble a cause! It is the first Philippine Missionpaper. So let us help it along. C. W . Van Berke! M.S.C. A few hours after the letter had left Dapa, a terrible ea.rthquake destroyed much property in the province of Surigao. The Church of Cantilan built by a confrere of Father Van Berkelen crumbled. What is consoling, is that "The Little Apostle" .found a footing in several 102 colleges of Manila it had not reached yet. Some girls from Santa Rosa, Santa Isabel, etc. have taken a subscription. No doubt they will become little Apostles among their friends of the college. I give them the title of promotors, provided they really promote this grand undertaking. To work, dear ladies, for God and country! Just tell your little friends to put by ten centavos a month; may be when they ask their parents for the sum of one peso for the Little Apostle, Mamma will immediately and generously open her purse: it is a duty of the educational work of the parents to help their children to do a work of charity. Space forbids me to give the full details of the Contest in subscriptions. I will say only this: the first of last monr.h remains the first and a high first with exactly 100 subscriptions, which mean 100 pearls in the winner's crown in heaven. Number two is a one whose name did not appear yet. He ordered one hundred letters to be. printed in order to send them to his friends.to ask their subscriptions. Can you guess who this is? He is a Filipino priest from the North. Priests can do much for the mission work an<l whatsoever is taken away from their parish for a good work in another field is returned a hundredfold to their own work. No less than an American Bishop said this publicly three months a. go, and anyway any Catholic, who understands God's power and generosity, sees it must be so: God was never beaten in generosity. I resume: to all subscribers, my heartiest thanks, All subscribers try at least to bring in a new subscriber. The subscribers partake of the sacrifices of Mass celebrated every day by all the Missionaries in the Mountain Province. God bless your efforts, dear subscribers, and above all your persons and enterprises. Rev. 0. Vandewalle. P. 0. B. 1393, Manila, P. I. While going to p1"t"ss, St. Scholastica College. Manila sends :10s more subscriptions. Three ehee1'l> for the students of St. Scholasea College. ~ CONTRIBUTIONS RECEIVED Blessed Little Flower's fund for the Bokod Mission. Anonl·mously hy mail: - - - - - - P 2.00 Previously Recelrnd: - - - - - - - .. 126.!IO Total P128 .00 T" sapp;Jl't a catechist at Ma.ya.oyao: from Assumption College, lllanila. !" 30.CO St. Paul's Institute, Dumwruete. - - - " 0.50 l\llss Juanita Javellana.. - - - - - - " 4.00 St. Paul's Institute, Manila. - - - - - " !l.50 Miss Lottie Trosky. - - - - - - - - " 4.CO Mrs.Gardner. - ----------·• 2.00 Miss Car. Roth.--------- - " 1.00 Miss Emma Smith, and some other working girls. for J<'. Claerhoudt. - " S0.00 Ml~s K. Guttenbergh. ------- "10.00 Total P14t.Oo All the Missionaries of the Province recomm1md their benefactors at each mass. We gratefnlly acknowlPdge the receipt of canceled stamps, for the beneHt of the Missions, from: Josefa Prudencio, Pasig, Rizal (2 times) Irenea Prudencio. Pasig. Rizal. Sil vestra Prudencio, Pasig, Rizal. Juan Genegaban, Carles, Iloilo. Clemente Aradlllos, Legaspi, ~anlla. Ignacia Garcia, 8to. Domingo, llocos Sur. .JA There is a charity which consists in withholding words, in keeping back harsh judgement, in abstaining from speech, if to speak is tQ condemn. Such charity hears the. tale of slander, but does not repeat it; lil~tens in silence, but forbears comment: then locks the unpleasant secret up in the very depths of the heart. Truth which is not charitable springs from a charity which is not true.-St. F1·ancis de Sales. 1CJ For the Little Tots Echoes of a Dialogue between two little girls at X . .. , P.I. MARY. --The other evening Father told me that the grand Cathedral of St. Patrick in New York City, was built by the pennies of the poor, especially the Irish Catho!ics. JOSEFINA. - I never heard of a Church built with pennies. MARY.-How silly you are! I do not mean the Church is made of pennies, but that every little penny put together made a mountain of pennies, then dollars, which bought the materials for building th e Church. JOSEFINA.-! beg your pardon for being so stupid at my age. MARY.-Let us run a race. JOSEFINA. - Whereto? MARY.-To the mite- box of course . ... One, two, three and away! JosEFINA.-How much are you dropping into the box? MARY. --Every coin big and small that I have, but I want only the Infant Jesus to know how much. JOSEFINA. -Suppose we do something else for the missions! MARY.-Imustexamine my conscience to see what faults I could avoid for the missions. JOSEFINA.-! have nothing to examine; I know too well already. MARY.-No. 1. I must never put out my tongue at any body, only at the "blacksn in hell and to (not at) the doctor and nurse, to see if it is in good condition. JosEFINA.-No. 2. I must never _grin at anybody, for it hurts my nose and makes it ugly and shapeless. MARY.-No. 3. I must never make a face at anybody, but keep a bright and cheerful face to please Baby Jesus. JoSEFINA.-No. 4. I must never push in the ranks, nor pinch my companions, for only savages, not little ladies, do such vile things. MARY.-No. 5. Suppose we take a triple resolution to PRAY WELL, STUDY WELL and PLAY WELL during the year. JOSEFINA.-"This is the best 104 thing" Mother and Teacher say, ''for keeping away from sin.'' The devil seeing us always occupied, will not dare to approach. Should he come, say "Jesus and Mary", take Holy Water and make the sign of the Cross. for he is more afraid of these things than y o tt would be of a gun pointed at your head. MARV.--You will see that I shall have good marks for everything in the future. JosEFINA.-So shall I, to please Baby Jesus and all at home. MARV. - The bard-working Missionaries in the mountains, bow tired they must feel e\·ery evening, after their great work for little boys and girls who know not Baby Jesus like we do. JOSEFINA.-Let every thought, word and action be for Baby Jesus. to draw down endless blessings on God's Ch11rcb and His Missionaries. Let us help them like the "Blessed Little Flower" who is styled the ''Sist.~r of the Missionaries.'' "'@IV®"' Prayer to Baby Jesus Little Jesus, Infant mild, Listen to Thy little child. I my prayer would make to Thee With Thine own simplicity. .JI Little feet of Jesus dear, I would follow You so near; Your petter-patter in the street Is to me snc:-h music sweet. .JI Little hands of Jesus, pray Hold me fast, nor let me stray. Little arms my neck entwine, Tell me Jesus I am Thine. :at Little eyes of Jesus meek, Oh, what love to me they speak. C' Little mouth of j esus mild, Sweetly kiss Thy little child . .JI Little Jesus, ne'er will I Sin again and make Thee cry; Little Jesus, smile on me For I will be true to Thee. .JI Little Son of Mary fair, Take me to her tender care; Little Brother, treasure mine, I am ever wholly Thine. .JI Little Kii~g of Heaven above, Bring me to Thy home of love. With 'rhy Saints to sing Thy praise, Through eternity's bright days. , •
A Catechist Ii:~ CATECHIST is the legs, ~ ~ N the lungs, the brain and : ~ = the heart of the Missionary ~::i=""'"'~ priest among the heathens. He is the preeursor, and apostle of the priest and is for the Missionary what John and Peter were to Christ: he ii" a Missionary, minus the power of the priest, but a Missionary with some power which a foreign priest lacks among pagans. The Missionary, as Jesus in the Holy Land, wanders around through valleyi:i and mountains, stopping a few days here and preaching a week there, instructing, encouraging, :iowing the good seed on the barren field of the pagan's ignorance and heathen morality. What does the poor lgorote understand about God, His infinite goodness, justice and mercy? What does he know about Christ, the Savior and the practice and belief in His divine doctrine? The lgorote never or rarely studies, reading for the most part is unknown. to him, and his untrained brains, hardened by years of intellectual rest and rust, are hardly fit to rt:eeive the sublime godly instructions, which tend to christianize and ci:vilize him to make him worthy of God and Heaven. Little by little and often must he hear and be shown the way to heaven. The priest who enters a pagan village for the first time is a foreigner. Alas! the poor chil<lren of nature have perhaps been despised, perhaps been abused by strangers. They distrust him, and trust only their fellow countrymen whom they know. The Missionary knows all this and previou~ to his arrival he first sends or brings with him the native catechist. He is usually a pious man, trained by the priest in virtue and knowledge of .the doctrine he has to teach so as to touch the heart and captic vate the mind of the heathen. Next he introducee the Father, then all prejudice against the minister of Christ disappears. Little by little the Father may speak. They listen. But their unretentive memory soon forgets the instruction, when the Father is gone. But the catechist remains. He repeats the words of 82 the priest. First he is John the Baptist, to announce the priest, then he continues the work of Christ as Peter did when His Master was gone to heaven. Jesus was followed by thousands day and night. The poor lgorote has to give his time during the day to his daily labor. At night he hn.s patience to listen and to lt>arn. The Father may pass a few nights amidst his wondering listeners, but others wait for him on the other slope of the mountain: he must needs go. But the catechist remains. He stays for weeks and months. He instructs, he gathers the catechumens, prepares them for baptism and finally, thanks to his patience and perseverance, the catechumens can receive the waters of baptism which make them children of God. In the meantime a child was born in the small town. Poor baby! death accompanied its beginning of life. But before the first and last sleep closed its innoceilt eyes, the catechist baptized it and opened its way to heaven and eternal happiness. In the meantime, too, malaria or -another disease brought one of the inhabitants k> the brink of eternity. The catechist visit,, him, calls the priest: before death deprives the miserable sick person of life, the catechist and the priest have assured his pardon before God and his glorious resurrection for ever. The recently baptized unknowingly celebrate some superstitious feast. The catechist shows them the futili~ ty of their vain observances and in~ forms the prie,;;t. On the day when the missionary visits his neophytes again, the catechist has prepared them for confession and Communion, he presents the catechumens he instructed at night. He takes care of the priest, adorns the altar, serves the :\lass, helps the Christians to pray, present!!" the children he has instructPd for first Communion, and when the priest is gone to some other field in God's vineyard, he repeats his words. reminds the faithful of their duties, calls them together on Sundays in the chapel. or in the biggest house, recite.,; with them the rosary, gives the signal for m:>rning and evening prayers and ... and ... what does a good catechist not do to double the priest's activity, zeal and success? Churches, hospitals, dispensaries, wylums, necessary though they be, are of secondary importance, when compared with the work of the catechist, for his is essentially the propagation of the Faith. Is it then any wonder that all Missionaries beg for Catechists? The Missionaries are few, the harvest is ripe, the catechistR can be multiplied to gather God's crops. But . . . a catechist must live, must be paid. He <loes not ask much. Forty pesos a month and a high place in Heaven are all he asks and surely deserves . . . but yet . . . there are the forty pest•s to he found. Give me fifty good catechists and I can convert the whole Mountain Province in a few years. Or rather give me the salary of fifty catechists and ... And you who shall have given the monthly salary of a catechist, who shall have gfren ip this way to God the souls He thirsted after on Golgotha, do not be afraid to appear 83 before your Judge, when He calls you: you have given Him what He as Savior died for, He will grant you what as a Christian you live for: heaven multiplied by the number of souls you help to save. ' - pc+ o&q -· \Vhat the Mission of Pogo Has Cost during the last ten years. The Pugo mission is one of the best organized missions of the Mountain Province. Its center has a primary school and an intermediate too. The hamlets of Ambangonan, Maoasoas, Cuenca, Llaban and Linapao possess a primary school. Thus Pugo is endowed with six schools. In 1914-1915 425 pupils attended the classes. Every year the number increased and in 1923-1924 the enrollment was 781 pupils. From 1914 till 1924 the exact expenses were P43,970.27. Duringthe year 1923 -1924 they were r 8,397 .92. Thus Pugo seems to be a rich parish with many revenues? To be exact: the revenues of the Pugo mission can not keep one Father's body and soul together and there are two Fathers at Pugo. Not even twenty pesos a month enter the mission as revenues to support the Fathers and their schools. Now note that in all these expenses there is not at all included what was paid for the support of the two missionaries, for the building of their house (some of the schoolbuildings of Pugo are in better conditions than the convent) and for the construction of the nice chapel (this alone costs more than 6,000 peSOSJ. In round sums the Pngo mission has cost during these last ten years nearly r 80,000. And where did that enortnous sum of money come from? Tuition fees and industrial work produced in 10 years some P 10,000. The rest had to come and came from Providence, from charity, but, alas! very little from the Philippines. Was the result worth all these expenses? First : the salvation of a single soul is worth much more than all the money in the world: one soul is worth the price of the Blood of Our Savior. When the mission of Pugo was opened, very few of its inhabitants had been baptized, or if they bad, they bad received litt,le or no instruction. Actually very fpw heathens remain to be converted. For a population of about 3,000 in 1910, only 84 baptisms and 47 Holy Communions were registered that year. But in 1910 there was vnly one Cath· olic school at Pugo. In 1913 there wer~ three Catholics·~hools and the baptisms numbered that year 212 and the Holy Communions 900. And so the increase went on until 1923 when we can count 6 schools, 16,111 Holy Communions received and 205 baptisms administered. The number of Holy Communions is the barometer of living faith and devotion in a Christian town. To show how at Pugo Holy Communions are on a rapid increase. I quote here the numbers of the latter years: 1920: 5, 900; 1921 : 7 ,820; 1922 : 9,635: and. 1923: 16,111. Such an increase deserves the blessings of God upon the mission of Pugo, its benefactors and its catholic schools : true factories of praetical catholics.
echists and ... And you who shall have given the monthly salary of a catechist, who shall have gfren ip this way to God the souls He thirsted after on Golgotha, do not be afraid to appear 83 before your Judge, when He calls you: you have given Him what He as Savior died for, He will grant you what as a Christian you live for: heaven multiplied by the number of souls you help to save. ' - pc+ o&q -· \Vhat the Mission of Pogo Has Cost during the last ten years. The Pugo mission is one of the best organized missions of the Mountain Province. Its center has a primary school and an intermediate too. The hamlets of Ambangonan, Maoasoas, Cuenca, Llaban and Linapao possess a primary school. Thus Pugo is endowed with six schools. In 1914-1915 425 pupils attended the classes. Every year the number increased and in 1923-1924 the enrollment was 781 pupils. From 1914 till 1924 the exact expenses were P43,970.27. Duringthe year 1923 -1924 they were r 8,397 .92. Thus Pugo seems to be a rich parish with many revenues? To be exact: the revenues of the Pugo mission can not keep one Father's body and soul together and there are two Fathers at Pugo. Not even twenty pesos a month enter the mission as revenues to support the Fathers and their schools. Now note that in all these expenses there is not at all included what was paid for the support of the two missionaries, for the building of their house (some of the schoolbuildings of Pugo are in better conditions than the convent) and for the construction of the nice chapel (this alone costs more than 6,000 peSOSJ. In round sums the Pngo mission has cost during these last ten years nearly r 80,000. And where did that enortnous sum of money come from? Tuition fees and industrial work produced in 10 years some P 10,000. The rest had to come and came from Providence, from charity, but, alas! very little from the Philippines. Was the result worth all these expenses? First : the salvation of a single soul is worth much more than all the money in the world: one soul is worth the price of the Blood of Our Savior. When the mission of Pugo was opened, very few of its inhabitants had been baptized, or if they bad, they bad received litt,le or no instruction. Actually very fpw heathens remain to be converted. For a population of about 3,000 in 1910, only 84 baptisms and 47 Holy Communions were registered that year. But in 1910 there was vnly one Cath· olic school at Pugo. In 1913 there wer~ three Catholics·~hools and the baptisms numbered that year 212 and the Holy Communions 900. And so the increase went on until 1923 when we can count 6 schools, 16,111 Holy Communions received and 205 baptisms administered. The number of Holy Communions is the barometer of living faith and devotion in a Christian town. To show how at Pugo Holy Communions are on a rapid increase. I quote here the numbers of the latter years: 1920: 5, 900; 1921 : 7 ,820; 1922 : 9,635: and. 1923: 16,111. Such an increase deserves the blessings of God upon the mission of Pugo, its benefactors and its catholic schools : true factories of praetical catholics.
84 A LETTER from father ~ 6rabandere, Trinidad, Bengud t Chunh and Com·ent of Tl'inidad, Benyuet. F-;1 RINI DAD! A nice name, Chrislm:ts, giving to God a housP = hr' N eh? But a nice mis;;ion too, when H>OO .rt•ai·s ago He chom;e a H ~ H indeed. Not only do we stable for His birthplaee (if I could b=:ci!l attend ihe well known only receive some 'f 400 morf' to valley near Baguio, but Father Del- finish the chapel). daele and myself visit thf' whole You ought to see these new Chriseastern part of the Benguet Province. tians, how they c .. nsider it a point You know Tublay, 15.Kilometers of honor to attend Mass regularly, from here, with its 2000 inhabitants. which we offer now and then in one Last year a wave of conversions pass- of the biggest shacks of the town. ed over the place. Actually 168, How seriously they pray not only at nearly all adults, have been baptiz- Mass, but also in their regular Suned, and believe me: they are good day-meetings, when the priest does christians. Providence is with us. not visit them. What faith they We have received some help from have in God's goodness. Of course here and there, and we have started the devil shows his tail as much as the building of a nice chapel. No possible. He will not give· up the doubt we shall inaugurate it next place without a fight. But I hope in God's help and grace and before very long Tublay will be or.e of the finest mission places of Trinidad, and of the whole Beni:uet province. Even Trinidad, where old Christians dwell among neophytes and unbaptized, deserves this year a special applause. More and more people come to Mass on Sundays. 248 made their Easter-duty this year. The few Ilocanos of the place have constituted a society approved hy the Bishop of the dioeese and called: the Defenders of Liberty. Of the 30 llocano families 63 persons are active members. Only 5 heads of families until now have not been initiated, but they have sent in their application, so this makes Trinidad count more members of the named society than even towns in the lowlands with 10,000 and more Catholics. Of course we had to celebrate this success. On the first of July we had a High Mass and a solemn procession to commemorate the anniversary of the establishment of the Defenders' society. The whole feast was set on foot mostly by Mr. Doroteo Flores K. o. C. and Mr. Vic<:mte Sales, the president of the society, together with the board of Directors. After the ''Te Deum'' the feast was closed by a meeting in which mutual support as well as our Holy Religion found the warmest defenders among the several speakers. This example of the Catholics of Trinidad will greatly help in the c1mversion of the Pagans of this valley_ of Trinidad. 85 About 30 Kilometers from here, at Atok, we suffered a temporal reveNe, lately, due to the attacks of some Scientists. People h!td been told that the religi(}n of the Scientists would cure all their sicknesses and even prevent them from dying. But the opposite results have stopped further progress of Scientism. Scientists die as other people: so the deceived have opened their eyes. Each time I visit Atok I hear of more and more who have forsaken Scientism and come back to the Church they had abandoned for a while. Our catholic school at Atok is full to its utmost. Never did so many attend it as this year. At my last visit, the most important people of the place asked me for one more teacher. "Well, I said, it is very easy to find you one more teacher, but to pay him ... I can not ... can you?" And the old people kept silence for a while. Then one of the eldest looked at me and said: "Father, perhaps you can not pay one teacher more, perhaps you can". "How is that, my friend?" "See Father, we believe you do all you can and more and we know you have not got the means to pay one teacher more. But we are the brothers of the Catholic rich Filipinos of our country. They send their children to Catholic schools. These Catholic schools and colleges might perhaps help you to pay for one teacher more, just to help their ignorant brothers and sisters of Atok. You Father, you can write. Ask the Catholic schools and colleges to 86 keep together to help you. A little offering from each child would make a big sum every month, more than enough to give us one extra teacher. And then our children would study one year longer, and more of them will become Catholics". A general approval followed the impromptu speech. Sur,J:l nobody among my old friends in the audience doubted the truth of their leader. I said to myseif: shoulrl I doubt"? fa not his speech an inspiration from Provideuce"? Anyway I will try "The Little Apostle" and so it came I wrote this long letter. The next time I visit Atok I will tell my people whether they can have or not one teacher more, but of course my answer lies with ... well read once again IV hat the old man said and ... well ... make a prophet of him. Maurice De Brnbandere. Note: Father De Brabandere has just reCPived from the Cnited :;tates a i:-ift of ilC-0. Thus P200 more. and he has enoui:h to complete his chapel at Tublay. Receipts of the Propagation of Faith from different Countries in 192:! EUROPE Lira ASIA Lira Albany 75.00 Divers 45,687.90 Austria : 9,000,000 crowns AFRICA Belgium . 868,690.50 Bulgaria. 820.00 DiYers ii,632.85 Tcheco-Slovaquia 24,085.40 AMERICA Denmark 3,359.10 Canada 224,248.55 France 5,144,263.95 Mexico 282,595.iO Germany: 14,528.093 marks United States. . 10,496;766.00 Greece 810.30 Tierra del Fuego 10,670.10 England 1,663,359.40 West Indies ll,436.45 Ireland 521,268.40 Central America 47,052.75 Italy 871,178.95 Argentina 1,040,955.35 Y ougo-Sla via 580.00 Bolivia 15,231.15 Luxemburg 41,10 Brazil lll,083.85 Monaco 6,165.00 Chile. 152,654.55 Norway. 1,651.05 Colombia 24,316.10 Holland. 580,000.00 Ecuador. 274.00 Poland 9,458.45 Guiana 356.20 Portugal 8,340.70 Paraguay 2, l53.25 Russia 61.00 Peru 26,322.15 Spain. 603,08"2.45 Uruguay. 94,532.25 Sweden 137.00 Switzerland 493,667.55 AUSTRALIA Turkey 4,554.10 Divers 129,661.95 Hungary 1,500.00
87 A Conversion o!itain~d thnnig/1 the intercession of the Blessetl Little Flotl'tl" of Jesu:>. Ml'l1. Martin Buarn:e with her two little gr.:1n~-dauglers, Rosalia and Serafina Bua.nee l:uc:J~BRI~U more than four il years, Fa.ther Leo stationed at Itogon, had been the b only missionary for all Benguet, and on ,·arious occasions the zealous man had asked hi!' superiors to provide him with at least one companion, that they might labor with more profit in the Vineyard of the Lord. Through his persistence, Father Jose was put in charge of all the part of Benguet to the west of the riYer Agno, while the east side remained in charge of Father Leo. This was about 'i years ago. The two missionaries went explor.ing one day and, passing through the towns of Atok a.nd Kapangan, arrived at last at Tublay, at the house of an Jgorot named Buance. At various times before, Buanee had been visited by Father Leo and pagan though he was, he had ::llways received the priest with Christian hospitality. On such occasions he had been the chief listener to the instructions of Father Leo, but the 83 poor man had never been able to make up his mind to wash his immortal soul in the saving waters of Holy Baptism and to become a child of God and of the Holy Catholic Church. It had happened that the poor Igorot fell sick and suffered much · from cancer in the stomach. Without doubt the goot!l Buance, so far a pagan, had to die. Said Father Leo: "We must prepare our friend Buance to g-0 "traight to Heaven." The husband of one of the daughters of the house promised that he would be moved the next day to the Baguio hospital, where Father Jose might baptize him, since the sick man did not wish to receive the Sacrament of Redemption that day. Because of some pressing business, Father Jose had to go to San Fernando, La Union, and Father Leo had to return to his home at ltogon. Father Jose had a great devotion to the Servant of God, Blessed Sister. Theresa of the Child Jesus, and before he left for the town mentioned, he knelt and said with all his heart: "O God, our Father, let Buance be my first convert! Blessed Hister Thereba of the ChilJ. Jesus, take care of the poor Igorot; if I am able to baptize him, I will give him the name Martin, in memory of your noble family.'' It was the month of August, the time of typhoons, and all day torrents of water had fallen. Spent with weariness and drenched as well by the constant rain, Father Jose, returning from his journey to San Fernando, reached Baguio at night. l:Iere the Parish Priest said to bim : .. They have come from Tublay to summon you; Buance is dying. I went myself but, alas! he does not wish to be baptized; his married daughter is the chief cause of his obstinacy to the grace of God." "What a shame! But I will go and see what I can do tomorrow,'' replied Father Jose. "G~d bless your undertaking! I will order prayers for the poor creature." Tublay is three hours' journey from . Baguio. The next day the typhoon ha<l become stronl?'er; the narrow, rocky path had become a very torrent of wa.er. \Vet to the skin, Father Jose arrived at the summit of the mountain, from which he was able to see, below, the house of the poor dying man. First he had to drive evil spirits out of the house and, in spite of the violent rain, he stopped and began to recite the shortformulaofexorcism. After he had sprinkled holy water which he carried in a small lwttle, he descended the hill and entered the homie. Poor Buance was in the center of the house upon the floor. Around him was his married daughter and other Igorots, who gazed defiantly at the Father with a meaning look, as if to say : ''It is our turn now - we do not need you here.'' The Father spoke directly to Buance's daughter and in a sweet but firm Yoice said: "Rise, sit there, and not a word." Then, with a relic of Blessed Theresa (sweet lily!) hid beneath the pillO\v, and the image or the Servant .')f God upon a ,.:mall t.:tble, he sat besiM the sick man, and a tender and important conversation began. Not more than half an hour passed, when there resounded in the room the words of salvation for the happy Buance : "Martin, I haptize thee in the name of the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost.'' Teri days after, :\farti n died; Fat her Jose arranged the burial and, before he closed the coffin, he placed in the hand of his corwert, the image of the Flower of Jesus (fair 89 Dove of Heaven!). He was the first adult Igorot baptized by Father Jose, and he went quickly to heaven to plead the eause of his unfortunate countrymen. Without doubt, Blessed There;;a helped him much, for the result has been sp~ndid; all the Buanoo family is now Catholic, many lgorot farnilif'8 of Tublay have been e1mvertecl since, and in ihat steep mnu ntai 11011s <.,'Ount.ry t,'Overed with lovely evergreen pines, achapel will he erected, the first perhaps in the whole worJJ to hear the name of The Blessed Little Flower of J€sus. mglands' first Martyr His name was Alban. It was a time of persecution. A Christian priest came Hying from his pursuers and took shelter in Alban's house. Alban was still a heathen, but he hid the. Christian priest, out of pure kindness and pity for a hunted man. He observed the devotion of his guest. How fervent it was and how tirni:. What a com;olat-ion and joy l he priest seemed to tind in p!'ayer. Alban's heart was touched. He listened to the priest and became a believer. Meanwhile the persecutors had found out where the Christian was hidden, and carne to search Alban's house. Then Alban, putting on the dress of his hidden teacher, delivered him~elf into their hands, as if he had been the fugitive; and in this way the priest could escape. But ,\ lban, bel'ause he refused to betray his guest, and say where he was gone, and because he refused to offer sacrifice to the idols he used to worship, was scourged and led forth to be put to death. The spot for the exel'ution was a beautiful meadow, clothed with flowers, on a little rising ground: a fit theatre for a martyr's triumph. He was unmercifully beheaded and, where his blood was shed, there now stand a church and town which bear his name. The soldier who was appointed to put A lb:m to death was so moved by his victim's resignation and greatness of heart that he chose rather to suffer death with Alban that to have the guilt of being his executioner. Let us remember this when we are tempted to bt> selfish. Let us remember that the first great deed of Christianity in England, the :first instance in which it showed its power, was in making a man die to sa rn a stranger's life, and draw on another to die with him. And if a God-man died for us all on the cross of Calvary, it was to win us all for heaven and to teach us by His example that christian charity shows iti;:elf by deeds and sacrifices.
90 The Psychology of the Filipino By Hon. Norberto Romualdez Associate Justice of the Supreme Court <f the Philippine Islands As to Anatomy, it seems that there was a belief among the early Filipinos that brothers and sisters were parts of one and the same intestine, so that when brothers or sisters qu:;,rrel ttmong themselves, the parents, by way of rebuke admonish them saying, in Bisayan of Leyte, for instance: a yaw kamo hin away, kay magsumpay man la kamo kin tinae. (Do not quarrel, because you partake of the same intestine). Thus, in Sebuan and Panayan Bisayan, a brother or sister is called utod, which means to cut or part cut from a whole. In Leyte and Samar Bisayan, a brother or sister is bugto, which means to break. In Tagalog, brother or sister is kapattd, which means to break, and is called also kaputol, because puiol means to cut. In Pampangan, brother or sister is kapatad, from patad which also means to break. In Pangasinan, the. natural brother or sister is called agin kapultot na pail, and in Bikolan kaputol sa pusod. Either of these two phrases means literally brother or sister partaking of the same intestine. The liver was considered on,e of the most important organs of the human body. The word patay (dead or to kill) is a contraction of pa (an old preposition indicating direction) and the word atlfy (liver , In some Bisayan regions, it was believed that the liver comes out fro111 a big wound on any part of the body. As far as morality is concerned, our customs and laws clearly s!Hn\· that our notion of right and wrong, of what was just and unjust, were highly developed. Attempts against life, per:::on, honor, chastity, and property were severely punished, as we find in the Coqe of Kalantiaw, which I mentioned before. Permit me to cite some statements made by foreign writers about the Filipino morality and hone!<ty. The Spanish orientalist, Pedro Ordonez de Cevallos, says the following about the Filipino woman in his "Viaje del Mundo", edited in Madrid in 1614: "The women are extremely chaste, and no kind of lewdness nor faithlessness agairn;t their hw•band will be observed among them; on the contrary, they are ordinarily virgin, and the married woman have but one husband; in spite of all, God multiplies them in large number by His Divine Decrees, and in a town of about 1.500 inhabitants, there can be found more than 200() boys and girls, none of whom is illegitimate.'' The early Indonesian immigrants did not practise polygamy, whi..:h exists only in some regions of Mindanaw, such institution having been imported there with the Mohamedanism. Ince~t was believed to be punished by God, as we have indicated. With regard to good faith and honesty . i u contracts, the following aecount of the Chinese trader ·wan Ta-Yuan, \Hitt.en in the 14th century, is worthy of note. This trader says: "The natives and the traders, having agreed upon the price, the forin~r were ailewed to take away the goods, and later, they brought the amount of native products. The 91 traders trusted them for they never failed to live up to their stipulated bargains." This is confirmed by another Chinese author, named Ghan Ju-ka, in his work on Chinese and Arabian Commerce written in the 13th eentury. h). l:conomics. As to cconomi('S, the Filipino had limited needs, and had and still has, these fertile lands where K ature generously and perennially offers him her fruits and products. During the pre-Spanish tiines, agriculture chiefly consisted. in the cultivation of paltiy, which was, and is, the commodity of first necessity in Filipino life. He had the karabaw for a working animal. Industry ~hen was mainly weaving and fishing. Thia slide is a plow, 9'l Here is a ~omb. Here i1 a cart called "kanga": Here is a fi1herman: Commerce consisted in the sale of of the forest, sold in tyangis (open wax, honey, and such raw product8 markets), and in markets proper. 93 This is the picture of a tyangi or faia: Commercial relation;; with foreigner:> were chiefly with Chinese traders, many of whom permanently settled in this country and brought with them their ideas of <'a.rpentry, agriculture, black-smith· i ng, and even their superstitions. Hence it is that in our dialects we have inany Chinese words incorporated .into our native speech. The words uysit (fortunate) , buysit ( un• fortunate) are Chinese words very much used in the Tagalog dialect. Thf- la;;t word buysit is sometinieS used in Tagalog to mean troublesome, molestfnl, or vexatious. The Chinese words sinke (new), tampowa or tampo (excess of something) are also much used in the Bisayan of Le.rte. Some Tagalog names for relationship like koya, ditse and others are pure Chinese words. Ti· ghoy (a lamp) pothaw (hatchet), Leyte Bisayan name for iron, are also Chinese. (1'o be continued.) ............... ~ What a Dikmma ! A good little boy, not lo:1g ago, was out in the forest gathering flowers. A terrible storm came on, In order to keep dry he crnwled into a hollow log. \Vhen the rain began to fall, the log began to swt:ll, untill the boy could get neither o:ie way nor the other. He thought his end had come. He thought of all the wrong he had done and the good he could have done but which he neglected. And when he recalled to mind that he had not asked his friends to sub:$Cribe to The Little Apostle and to become himself a little Apostle, he felt so small that he could crawl right out of the log without any difficulty. If the cap fits you, wear it!
94 From a letter written by F. fJeyryse, 3lissionary at Baguliay. l••ue·ra VizcayH. Many emigrants from other provinces came to settle in Bagabag. What miseries! Sometimes· there were everr 150 people sick in t,he town. The record has been 15 in one house. The poor are starving: they have nothing to eat. A sick woman to whom I gave some quinine, returned the medecine to me, sobbing: "for God's sake, Father, she said. give me something to eat". ~ From Father Depauw, P.uyo. The other day I had a sick call. I had to cross the river. Two men helped me to swim across. The son of the sick man was an old student of om· Catholic school; he was one of those who helped me through the torrent, saying: "Father, although I have been only a short time at school, I did not forget you taught us to call the priest Wh!:'W s:imebody is dangerously sick". ~ F1·1,m Father ll'affelaei·t, :Solano. The mi!'sion of Solano these last months suffered a double handicap by losing its two best cooperators: John Paladin, a man of character, and Carmen Lumicao, who for 16 yea.rs helped the Missionaries of Solano to save the few remnants of our Catholic Faith. Since the arrival of the Missionaries in Solano in 1909, she never failed to attend Mass and receive Holy Communion daily. Father Leon Quintelier promises to write the life of 1' ianza, a converted Igorote from Itogon, who after baptism, received from the hands of Mgr. Agi U!', then the Apostolic J)elegate of the P . I., became a true apostle of the eastern part of Benguet and brought many into the Catholic Church. But Father Leon says: "do ut des". (I give to receive) and adds: d am badly in need of a veil for Benediction with the Blessed Sacrament at the mission of Dalupirip and . .. of another one for the mission of Bokod>. The readers of the ;'Little Apostle" must not be afraid to send one to the address of the" Little Apostle"thinking two others have already sent the asked for veils, for other Fathers in the Mission need said veils as badly as Father Leon. ~ The mission of B"auco had been without a priest for 6 years. Lately, thanks to the help of some friends of tbe missions, Father Leon Legrand was sent to reopen the Bauco mi~sion. He writes: "I have been very 11ick, but am well again. I hope my sufferings have been profitable to the people of my m1ss10n. A few days ago I sent to Heaven the first angel since my arrival. See hereunder what circumstances. I admire the wonderful ways of Divine Providence. A certain man came to ask me some medecine for his child. I went to see it. Seeing the child seriously sick, I proposed to baptize it . The father asked to wait unl il the next Sunday. I insisted and promised to complete the baptismal ceremonies OD the next Sunday. The filther agreed and I baptized the child. But the night before that Sunday the child passed away; an angel more from Bauco, the first I eent, had gone to heaven. If I had waited ·as the father of the child asked . . . . How I thanked the Lord for having insisted. Alas! I lost the soul of an old woman who absolutel,y refufed baptism at the last moments of her life. Whenever I insisted on baptizing her, she always Iaoalically answered: cmadiac>, (I refuse). More and more }leople attend ~lass and even Benediction. The same at Guinsadan (a distant hamlet of Bauco). Every time I visit this-place I always discover new fac:o-s and the most consoling thing, in both places, is that at least half of those who come to church are men. Please $ay a prayer for my mission. Father Jurgens from Bayombong wt"ites: Thanks to God, our efforts w giv~ religious instruction to the youth are crowned with success. In the to.wn 32il girls and 3i6 boys attend l'egularly the courses in religion. :\lore than 300 children from the surrounding hamlets also attend the courses regularly: that makes more than 1000 children who raceive regular instruction in religion. .;& After the last typhoon, Father Beurms of Pugo writes: "the day after the typhoon I, more than ever, remem· bered the story of the Holy man Job, receiving one after another the most sorry messages. The teacher from Ambangonan came to me and said: "Father, half of the south-east wall of the school is demo1ished. What must I do?" Five minutes later arrived the teacher of Linapao, "Father", he said, 'the school of Linapao is a. complete 95 wreck, I think we had better move to some other building." He left and the teacher of Maoasoas entered saying: "Father, some damage was done to our school." I closed the three short speeches ;thinking: "Seen that the.solid school-chapel constructed, thanks to the help of some Manila benefactors, has r~sisted perfectly during the typhoon, hence I will construct only solid buildings" and immediately I ordered the necessary materials from .... Providence; unhappily until now I did not receive an answer to my order. .;& Mayaoyao. Father Moerman, superior of the Kiangan Mission, writes about Mayaoyao: "I passed several days at Mayaoyao. Morninj!' and eveningJ had from 4-0 to 50 children in the ch'lpel, atteriding my instructions. Pray for this new mission". 0 0 0 An old preacher used to say that a wife should be at once like and ur\like three things. First, she should be like a snail, always keep within her hoUSl': b'.lt she should not, like a snail, carry -al 1 she has ori- her back. Secondly. she should be like an echo. to speak when she is spoken to; but ehe should not, like an echo, always have the last word. Thirdly, she should be like the town clock, always keep time regularly; but she shold not, like the town clock, spea}{ so loud that all the town may hear her . HOW PAT WAS IMPRESSED "Was the sermon to-daytoy'r liking, Pat?" inquired the Priest. ;•Troth, y'r Riverence, it was a. grand sermon intirely", said Pat with genuine admiration. "What seemed to take hold of ye?" "Well, now, a.s ye a.re for a.xin'me, begorra, I'! tell ye. What tuk hoult of me most was y'r Riverenc.e's parseverance - the way ye wint over the same thing agin, and agin, and agin."
r~·~=ll!!!IE:a:~"<'Ol11!!!Pl~---·,_;lllll-=:=-..aamJ11mmJU~;.:,m---'!ill~-~eilciJ'f:!«IO:l·•-a6.&, I + CuRRt:NT EVENTS + I L + caesM ....,..... ~....-m;m..-4iE!if•us ?M: a.aJ Philippines \Vif h f he Legislature. Most of the bills presented arp petitions by rer;reFenl at ives for insular aid in their rP~Te<'! i ,.e c1 isl ric1 !'. A higher tax on money lenders may he voted. A report on the illeg-alit~-. <•f 1\ llditor Wright, wi1.hhol<'. :ng 1.he t'l,000.0(]0 for the Indepf'ndence Commission, was approved of. The calamity fund, previously vetoed by the Governor General, was again voted for. Much time was spent in the Senate to censure the f\ecretary of the Interior, Hon. Mr .• .\7oncillo, and the tight between the Le!!islature and the Secretary has n<·t rr1rr:e to an er.d ~-n. More taxes may be imposed on h1x11ries, such as automobiles ar.d jewelries (up to .July 30th. 13,563 motor vehicles have \Y.:-en registered in the Philippines). Senator l<'on;wier would cut fiye per. cent all Goverment salaries above !"I,·!OO a year to save Pl,000,000a ~·t-ar. A plan is under consideration to extend primary instruction, bt:t would cut the allowances for high school!". 30 representatives asked an investigation of the insular penitentiary and its administration of the penal colonies in Zamboanga and Palawan. Fonacier says f'l,000,000 or more are wasted by the Government Bureaus. Additional funds were asked to reinforce the insular personnel, which lias to wateh .the increal'ing number of ~ecret societie!". Lt>gal age for both meniand women to marry would be 18 yearf. B£f<•re t.hat ag-P. the consent of the parents or tuturi" would be required, but marria[!e would he absolutely forbiddu1 to bo~·s under 14 yea ff <•f age and tr• girls t:nder 12. Nobody would be allowed to marry. excert after havirg obtained from a judge a due license and after the proposed contract has been made public for a certain number of da~ s, in the places where the candidates live a11d ha,·e Ji\·ed. More changes mar be added but, seeing the oP[oFition of the lol\'er house to. certain measures rendering di rnrce easier, the discussion may last so long that the legislature has no time during the pr(f€1lt ses>i.on lo vote the tinal bill. ~enattir Alejandrino having beendeprivfd I y the i:'enate of his emolumons for one year, appealed to the Supreme Court which deem€d she had no power to interfere in this. senate's decision. wherefore Alejandrino will an:eal to the Supreme Court of the U. S. A morn to reduce the number of representatives in the Legislature was defeated. The reduction would have made an economy for the taxpa~·ers of more than P200,000 a year. A bill will be introduced ai:;king for compulsory teaching of religion in the public schools, the parents and pupils having the right to ask for religious instruction if they prefer. Are better times for the Philip. pines in view? The famine in Cagayan and Nueva Vizcaya has ended: these provinces had an abundant crop of corn. Northern Luzon has besides an excellent crop of tobacco which sells at good prices. A great increase of sugar production is foreseen fm the collling year and sugar prices are going up. The Governmeilt will inspect more closely the copra for exportation: this will restore the confidence of the buyers in this Filipino product. The anthrax epidemy which killed thousands of labor animals these last months in Central Luzon has been wiped out. The Anta.mok (Benguet) goldmine made a net. profit of about half a million pesos during the first six months of the yeitr. The Government economized P2i, 000,000 from January to .Tuly. The railroad made a profit of 1'1,300,000 during 1923. The Philippine National Bank made 1'2,i00,000 in sugar but ends 1923 with a deficit of 1'600,000. The firSt big shipment of Cebu cement has l!lft for the U.:S. If the foreign sources of fresh beef are eliminated, as intended by Congress, the livestock 97 industry will increase rapidly. (The total number of cattle excluding carabaos in the P. I. was only 810,000 in 1922, while the number ofthoseslaughtered during the same year in Manila alone was 24,888). Agriculture should be more developed: of the 55% agricultural land in the P.I. only 15% is cultivated. The 60,000 unemployed actually in the most important cities of the country could easily find a goo'1 Ii ving in agriculture, and contribute to the welfare of the Islands. Last July the import exceeded exports to the amount of 1'7,000,000. If 1'500,000 loss was ca.used by the. last typhoon, the earthquakes, which lasted several days since the end of August on the eastern coast of Mindanao, caused much more damage. JI from here and there. Senators Quezon and Osmella were received by the League of Nations at Geneva on the 25th of August. Senator Osmefia visited the Holv Father in Rome. • Young ladies of Manila ha,·e organized a crusade to teach every Saturday afternoon Catholic Doctrine to poor children. May their example spread over all the towns in the Philippines. foreign The most important interlilational event this last month has been ·the agreement betweea the former Worldwar-allies and Germany upon the Dawes' plan of payment by Germany to the Allies. The German and French premiers had some difficulties in having the agreement approved by their respectiYe legislatures, but the universal desire for some deli.nit conditions of peace gained the upperhand. So even the legislatures of the countries 98 concerned in the new treaty approved the London conference. As a consequence France and Belgium evacuated a few .towns of the occupied Ruhr. At a certain moment peace seemed to be endangered by the threat of the German chancellor to proclaim. to the world that the responsibility of the world-war was not on Germany's side. A well directed note of England and France drove away the thunderbolt. Germany according to the Dawes' plan wrote out a 40,000,000 gold mark loan, and even France promised to subscribe for a part of it. If Germany has won in the deal, the Allies have won in this way that they stick now closer together to enforce upon Get·many the faithful execution of the London conference, a thing which was not done to enforce the Treaty ofVersai.lles and which was the cause of the long delay of Germany to pay her debts to the Allies. As a consequence of the London conference, it may be said, France and England through the mouth of their premiers, pledged their willingness and invited other countries of Europe, before the League of Nations at Geneva, to submit to forced arbitration in case of a dispute between the different nations who adhere to the League; but the question was left unsolved, as no agreement could be arrived at about. the forces to be sent by each nation, member of the League of Nations, in case one of the disputants refused to abide by the decision of the arbiter. This is perhaps the beginning of the establishment of a kind of United States of Europe and a security for a more lasting European peace. ~ For weeks many of the Filipino laborers at Hawai have gone on strike, Of course much misery exists among the strikers. Lately some Hawaiian policemen were sent by the local authorities to deliver from a camp of strikers some laborers willing to return to work. A row followea in which 4 policemen and 19 Filipinos were killed. It has often been seen that aftersome bloodshed, strikes came to a sudden end. Let us hope that the Filipino laborers too will soon get satisfactory conditions, enabling them to return to their work and lessening their hardships. Morocco has been a thorn in the foot of Spain for a long time. These last days Moroccan rebels again and again have attacked the Spanish forces and at the beginning of September killed 70 Spanish soldiers. J' China is again in the grip of civil war. In China, although there is a central Government at Peking, each province is more or less indeuendent in proportion to the ambition of the provincial Governors, who of course may clash with their neighboring Governors. This happened between the Governors of Chekiang and Kiangsu. Since t,he last half of August these two provinces are up in arms against each other. Shang-hai being near the battlefield, the foreign powers gathered a few battleships and landed a few hundred marines to defend the interests and the Ii ves of their subjects in that town and around it. The Central Government would help the Kiangsu Gov.ern. or, but the governor of Manchuria threatens the Peking Government with his armies in case the Central Government aids Kiangsu. Up to the 15th of Sept. little real fighting has been done, but nobody can foretell the future consequences, if the foreigners be attacked. This civil war will have at least this immediate effect that most of the bandits, who are legions all over the celestial empire, will enroll as soldiers with the belligerents, hoping for some free abundant looting and a general pardon of their crimes in the past as bandits. Once the civil war is over, most of the soldiers dismissed will become bandits to plunder the innocent citizens and some missions. If, however, the foreigners intervene, the consequences for foreigners in China might be terrible for some time. 99 The re\"Olution in Honduras seems to have come to an end, thru lack of ammunition among the rebels. Nevertheless the U. S. has landed 100 marines to protect American lives and properties. In the mean time, the revolution in Georgia and Arzubijan (two former independent states in south eastern Russia, taken possession of by the Soviet Government) seems to have won an almost complete victory against the Soviets. Is It Myself or Sombody l:lse ? In a certain hotel, an Irishman, as gay as a lark, and as witty as Irishmen alone can be, passed a great deal of the evening telling stories and cracking jokes to his cosmopolitan aud~ence teeming with laughter. The hotel was about a mile from the town where he had to take an early t.rain next morning. On going to bed he beckoned to one of the servants to call him early in the morning. All right, said the servant. Then the servant thought a plan. A nigger as black as a chimney lodged in the same hotel. At midnight - the golden hour for sleep, and when Mr. Pat was sleeping the sleep of the just, snoring like a rhinoceros with a cold in his head, the servant stole in noiselessly with a pot of black lead and brush in hand. She well knew how to paint and polish her stoves, so she did the same trick on Paddy, painting his face and hands, leaving only the white of his eyes and pink of his lips untouched. At 3 o'clock a. m., a very dark and early hour for Irish people·, she knocked violently at Pat's bedroom door, saying, "Quick! quick, Sir, it is past time." No doubt, Pat jumped up, seized his clothes, jumped into them, took his suit-case, and off he went without even washing himself so as to be in time for the train. Passing by a glazier's fabric he was tempted to look at himself to see if he were up to the mark before getting into the train. "How unfortunate I am ! cried he." "That crazy servant instead of awaking me, awoke the nigger." Faith comes by hearing, says the apostle: not, therefore, by sight. Faith comes first, then understanding. The Catholic Church makes her children chaste by giving them the Bread of Angels for their food and Mary for their nursing Mother.
100 The Novena of Atonement Dear Father Carlu: Encouraged by two graces received during the two last novenas to Our Lady of the Atonement (recovery of one who was paralyzed and the cure of one who had suffered for a long time of headache)· 1 forward you herewith another petition. S. R. I 70 intentions were recommended during the novena of Sept em her. The aoove letter of acknowledgment shows that Our Lady of the Atonement is not invoked in vain. It would be too long too publish the many letters of acknowledgment of favors received. Petitions must be sent in before the Saturday after the first Friday of the month. Rev. Father Carlu. In Disaulse While visiting the poor of the town nf gil"enach one day. St. Elizabeth of Hunga.ry found a leprous child that needed care. Lifting the laothsome, sufl'ering little hody into her own arms, she bore ft to the castle and laid it in her own bed and comforted its pain. This made the mother of Louis, who was St. ElizalJeth's husband, very ang ry. To thin!~ of bringing the sick child into the house and even into her own bed! And when Louis came home she complained bitterly: "Elizabeth has lost her right mind. Look what she .has done now. She has brought a leprous child into the house and laid it in her bed." Louis did become impatient and went te remonstrate with his wife. "Did you bring a leprous child into the house?" he began. " Come!" said Elizabeth sweetly: and she quietly led the way to her room. Lo! what they saw! How all eyes opened wide with wonder! There lay a child, a smiling child, fair and soft, and beautiful beyond telling, who faded from their sigt and left the bed empty even while they looked on. The child was Our Lord in disguise, who wished to assure them of the truth of the words He spoke when on earth: " Whatsoever you do to the least of my brethren, you do it t o me."
101 ftAILBAG OFTHE LITTLE A~O!TLE Fur all correspondence with "THE LITrLE APOSrLE" send your letters t!) The Little Apostle, Box 139.1, Manila Dear Subscribe!"$: If I had time enough, I would write to you all a personal Jetter to thank you mo~t sincerely: you have made '·The Little Apo<;tle" I\ success. Already "The Little Apo~tle" has more subscribers than any other review in the Philippines. That shows how popular the etlorts of the Missionaries are in the Philippines. It shows how the Catholic Filipi.nos have an interest in the conversion and ci rilizat.i-Qn of. their brethren of the Mountain Pro,._ ince. Many have sent in several subscriptions. Dear readers, let me now ask a personal sacrifice of each one of you. What is it? Five rninutRs of your time to speak with a friend or to write to somebody asking the person mentioned to take a subscription. No doubt, if you recommend the review and, above all, the work among the last Filipino Pagans thru the review, that the person you invite to subscribe will take a subscription. May I count on you? Some of you, especially the students in the Catholic schools and colleges, will write or speak to more than one friend: simply say that by subscribing they help the missions, spread God's Church, relieve the poor lgorots and consequently· draw down God's blessing on themselves and their country. Are you determined to do this apostolie work? Then, do it now, not tomm'· row. But I must add an advice: tell them to send their pern er dollar for the subscription 119 re,gistered Muil, or by M. 0. Then the letter is ~ure to arrive safely. The other day I received perhars the most enthusiastic letter I ever recei ,·ed asking for subscription1;. It came from a Missionary: parish priest of Dapa, Surigao. Do you not feel enthusiastic when JOU read it? Here it is: Rev. and dear Father 0. Vandewalle. Long live the newborn baby in. the Catholic Newspaper-family! And long live the good Miosionaries of the Mountain Province and all the School and College girls and bo~s, ready to help them, under the leadership of their good teachers. May your endeavours in this new field meet with all the success wor~h so noble a cause! It is the first Philippine Missionpaper. So let us help it along. C. W . Van Berke! M.S.C. A few hours after the letter had left Dapa, a terrible ea.rthquake destroyed much property in the province of Surigao. The Church of Cantilan built by a confrere of Father Van Berkelen crumbled. What is consoling, is that "The Little Apostle" .found a footing in several 102 colleges of Manila it had not reached yet. Some girls from Santa Rosa, Santa Isabel, etc. have taken a subscription. No doubt they will become little Apostles among their friends of the college. I give them the title of promotors, provided they really promote this grand undertaking. To work, dear ladies, for God and country! Just tell your little friends to put by ten centavos a month; may be when they ask their parents for the sum of one peso for the Little Apostle, Mamma will immediately and generously open her purse: it is a duty of the educational work of the parents to help their children to do a work of charity. Space forbids me to give the full details of the Contest in subscriptions. I will say only this: the first of last monr.h remains the first and a high first with exactly 100 subscriptions, which mean 100 pearls in the winner's crown in heaven. Number two is a one whose name did not appear yet. He ordered one hundred letters to be. printed in order to send them to his friends.to ask their subscriptions. Can you guess who this is? He is a Filipino priest from the North. Priests can do much for the mission work an<l whatsoever is taken away from their parish for a good work in another field is returned a hundredfold to their own work. No less than an American Bishop said this publicly three months a. go, and anyway any Catholic, who understands God's power and generosity, sees it must be so: God was never beaten in generosity. I resume: to all subscribers, my heartiest thanks, All subscribers try at least to bring in a new subscriber. The subscribers partake of the sacrifices of Mass celebrated every day by all the Missionaries in the Mountain Province. God bless your efforts, dear subscribers, and above all your persons and enterprises. Rev. 0. Vandewalle. P. 0. B. 1393, Manila, P. I. While going to p1"t"ss, St. Scholastica College. Manila sends :10s more subscriptions. Three ehee1'l> for the students of St. Scholasea College. ~ CONTRIBUTIONS RECEIVED Blessed Little Flower's fund for the Bokod Mission. Anonl·mously hy mail: - - - - - - P 2.00 Previously Recelrnd: - - - - - - - .. 126.!IO Total P128 .00 T" sapp;Jl't a catechist at Ma.ya.oyao: from Assumption College, lllanila. !" 30.CO St. Paul's Institute, Dumwruete. - - - " 0.50 l\llss Juanita Javellana.. - - - - - - " 4.00 St. Paul's Institute, Manila. - - - - - " !l.50 Miss Lottie Trosky. - - - - - - - - " 4.CO Mrs.Gardner. - ----------·• 2.00 Miss Car. Roth.--------- - " 1.00 Miss Emma Smith, and some other working girls. for J<'. Claerhoudt. - " S0.00 Ml~s K. Guttenbergh. ------- "10.00 Total P14t.Oo All the Missionaries of the Province recomm1md their benefactors at each mass. We gratefnlly acknowlPdge the receipt of canceled stamps, for the beneHt of the Missions, from: Josefa Prudencio, Pasig, Rizal (2 times) Irenea Prudencio. Pasig. Rizal. Sil vestra Prudencio, Pasig, Rizal. Juan Genegaban, Carles, Iloilo. Clemente Aradlllos, Legaspi, ~anlla. Ignacia Garcia, 8to. Domingo, llocos Sur. .JA There is a charity which consists in withholding words, in keeping back harsh judgement, in abstaining from speech, if to speak is tQ condemn. Such charity hears the. tale of slander, but does not repeat it; lil~tens in silence, but forbears comment: then locks the unpleasant secret up in the very depths of the heart. Truth which is not charitable springs from a charity which is not true.-St. F1·ancis de Sales.
1CJ For the Little Tots Echoes of a Dialogue between two little girls at X . .. , P.I. MARY. --The other evening Father told me that the grand Cathedral of St. Patrick in New York City, was built by the pennies of the poor, especially the Irish Catho!ics. JOSEFINA. - I never heard of a Church built with pennies. MARY.-How silly you are! I do not mean the Church is made of pennies, but that every little penny put together made a mountain of pennies, then dollars, which bought the materials for building th e Church. JOSEFINA.-! beg your pardon for being so stupid at my age. MARY.-Let us run a race. JOSEFINA. - Whereto? MARY.-To the mite- box of course . ... One, two, three and away! JosEFINA.-How much are you dropping into the box? MARY. --Every coin big and small that I have, but I want only the Infant Jesus to know how much. JOSEFINA. -Suppose we do something else for the missions! MARY.-Imustexamine my conscience to see what faults I could avoid for the missions. JOSEFINA.-! have nothing to examine; I know too well already. MARY.-No. 1. I must never put out my tongue at any body, only at the "blacksn in hell and to (not at) the doctor and nurse, to see if it is in good condition. JosEFINA.-No. 2. I must never _grin at anybody, for it hurts my nose and makes it ugly and shapeless. MARY.-No. 3. I must never make a face at anybody, but keep a bright and cheerful face to please Baby Jesus. JoSEFINA.-No. 4. I must never push in the ranks, nor pinch my companions, for only savages, not little ladies, do such vile things. MARY.-No. 5. Suppose we take a triple resolution to PRAY WELL, STUDY WELL and PLAY WELL during the year. JOSEFINA.-"This is the best 104 thing" Mother and Teacher say, ''for keeping away from sin.'' The devil seeing us always occupied, will not dare to approach. Should he come, say "Jesus and Mary", take Holy Water and make the sign of the Cross. for he is more afraid of these things than y o tt would be of a gun pointed at your head. MARV.--You will see that I shall have good marks for everything in the future. JosEFINA.-So shall I, to please Baby Jesus and all at home. MARV. - The bard-working Missionaries in the mountains, bow tired they must feel e\·ery evening, after their great work for little boys and girls who know not Baby Jesus like we do. JOSEFINA.-Let every thought, word and action be for Baby Jesus. to draw down endless blessings on God's Ch11rcb and His Missionaries. Let us help them like the "Blessed Little Flower" who is styled the ''Sist.~r of the Missionaries.'' "'@IV®"' Prayer to Baby Jesus Little Jesus, Infant mild, Listen to Thy little child. I my prayer would make to Thee With Thine own simplicity. .JI Little feet of Jesus dear, I would follow You so near; Your petter-patter in the street Is to me snc:-h music sweet. .JI Little hands of Jesus, pray Hold me fast, nor let me stray. Little arms my neck entwine, Tell me Jesus I am Thine. :at Little eyes of Jesus meek, Oh, what love to me they speak. C' Little mouth of j esus mild, Sweetly kiss Thy little child . .JI Little Jesus, ne'er will I Sin again and make Thee cry; Little Jesus, smile on me For I will be true to Thee. .JI Little Son of Mary fair, Take me to her tender care; Little Brother, treasure mine, I am ever wholly Thine. .JI Little Kii~g of Heaven above, Bring me to Thy home of love. With 'rhy Saints to sing Thy praise, Through eternity's bright days. , •

Item sets

The Little Apostle of the Mountain Province

Media

The Little Apostle of the Mountain Province

A Catechist

What a mission of Pugo has cost

A letter from Father De Brabandere, Trinidad, Benguet

A Conversion obtained through the intercession of the ...

The Psychology of the Filipino (continuation)

Varieties

Current Events

The Novena of Atonement

Mailbag of the Little Apostle

For the little Tots-Echoes of a dialogue